The New York Herald Newspaper, December 11, 1848, Page 1

EPEAT ET RE PT OE ROTI Te ANNUAL REPORT or THE SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY. EXTRACT! . » , Congress having extended the revenue laws to Ore- gon, and created Astoria the port for that district, in aid of the execution of these acts, the revenue cutter Cornelius W. Lawrence, was ordered to that coast, un- der the command ef Captain Alexander V. Fraser, aa officer of. talent, neal, end fidelity. The coast survey was also extended there, and through its aid, the buoys will be located there, and lighthouses construct. ed,as directed by Congress. The revenue laws not having been extended to California, no duties could be collected there; but the department exercised all its authority by iceuing the circular hereto annexed, ‘opening free trade under the constitution, between its ports and those of the rest of the Union. at the same time guarding the reveaue from loss, as faras practi- cable It is recommended that, besides Astoria, collestion districts be authorized at San Diego, Monterey, Puget San Franciseo, upon the Pacific. Our frontier upon the Pacific is now nearly equal to our Atlantic coast, with many excellent bays and harbors, admirably situated to command the trade of ‘Aria, and of the whole western coast of America; Whilet our coastwirs trade between the Atlantic, the Gulf, and the Pacitic. must soon become of great value. Congress baviog directed this Department to recom- mend such measures as will increase our commerce and revenue, it is ruggested that, if we would desire a Jucrative trade and augmented revenue from our Pa- cific coast, this object can be best accomplished by mt- ny additional steamships upon that ocean, well as upon the Atlantic and the Gulf. Beneficial as this system has proved upon the Atlantie and the Gulf, ia augmenting our commerce and revenue, our tonnage end navigation, it is still better adapted to the Pacific, avd the long voyages along its shores and Asia. This tranquil ocean, as indi d by its mame, more sub- ject to calms, is better adapted to steam than the more oisterous Atlantic, and with less danger ofipjury to the machinery. The calms of the Pacific, so often re- tarding the ‘sailing veesel, make shorter and safer the voyage of the steamship; whilst, at other periods, the trade winds blowing for months continuously in one direction, not affecting the ocurse of the steamer, but’ forcing sailing vescels 80 many thousands of milea out of their way, render steam indispensably necessary to the profitable navigation of that ocean. From all these caurer, the Pacific must become the principal theatre of the peaceful triumphs of the great expansive power of steam, and we must extend its use there, under our own flag, if we would desire to contend successfully with other nations for the trade and specie of Asia and Western America.§ Our imports f.om Asia, such as teas, silks, and chietly costiy articles, are still better adapted for the steamship than vy products. ‘The time required in crossing twice the tropics and the equator, from our Atlantic ports to Asia, in the long voyage of the galling vessel is felt severely. not only in the loss of interest, and the less rapid circul: tiow of capital and realization of profits, but in the still greater loss in arriving at home too late with thercargo, and thereby losing the market, or at least a better price; and this loss of time and interest, of price and markets, is as great in the returnas in the outward yoyage. Tho voyage by steam from our Atlantic ports to. Asia, by the route of Chagres and Panama, with railroad, to be constructed by private enterprise, across that isthmus, would soon be accomplished, in a month instead of three er four months, and the gain of time in our coastwise trade, between both oceans, would be still greater. In ancient and in modern times, the cities and nations that secured the trade of Asia were greatly enriched. We have witnessed this successively with Tyre, Sidon, Carthage, Alexandria, Venice, Ge- noa, Lisbon, Amsterdam, and London, whilst this rich traffic built up large cities, even in the midst of deserta, in the caravan route of the track through which it assed. Wit our front upon both oceans the alt, sided by steam ehips, by low duties, and by shortening the voyage by the Isthmus route, we may recure this commerce, and with it,in time, the gom. mand of the trade of the world. zy a7 alo greatly extend our commerce with all the countries bordering upon the coatt of Western America, richer than all others in the precious metals, and abounding also in articles which we desire, but do nct pro- duce; whiist, by the exchange, new and vast mar- kets will be opened there for our products and manufactures, and the number and profits of our whale ships greatly increased. Distant now as areour poesenstons upon the Pacific, would desire to ex- ‘tend to them the benefits and blessings of the Ameri- can Union, and to unite them with us in the bonds 0’ an ever-augmenting commerce and intercourse, there is at present nothing but steamships that eam perform there important duties, in connection with a railroad across the Isthmus of Panama. Such a road would always be useful for our trade from the Atlantic and the Gulf with the western coast of {merica, and least for heavy products with Asi rtion of it n to or sou! im the Indian Ovea: id with Aus- ' n if, at some distant period, @ railroad should unite the Atlantio, the Gulf, and the Mississippi with our harbors upon the Pacific. That such a road will ‘tbe made, at some future period. upon the most prac- ticable route, is not doubted, although, from the time and capital required. ite completion, unfortunately, must be remote; but the railroad which private ent prise could build within a year or two across the {sth- would answer all our present purposes (uatil, in the distant future, greater work shall be accom- plished), and would at once bring New York within ten days of the Pacific id within thirty days of China, and New Orleans still nearer—maintaining, ‘also, the important communication between our own harbors on the Atlantic, the Gulf, and the Pacific. ‘The estimates required’ by law from this depart. ment for the revenue likely to accrue from 4 commerce with all our ports, including those upon the Pacific. must greatly depend upon future events. If private enterprise should soon construct the railroad the Isthmus—if an adequate number of steam- ships in continuation of the beneficial system already commenced, should facilitate the trade between Asia and eur Pacific porte, bringing them within twenty daye of Chins, with the best steamers in sufficient number, starting at regular faeces from the Atlantic and the Gulf to Chagres, and from Oregon and Cali- fornia to Paname, to Asia, and to the whole western coast of America, the commerce of all our ports would be incalculably increased, and the revenne collected ‘on the Pacific rise in a few years to reveral millions of dollars perannum. Nor is it only with those nations of Afia, with whom we already have treaties, that the steamsbips would increase our comm ; butit would introduce it. bo hap with diplomatic relations, into ‘vast regions of the east, with whom we have formed no treaties, estimated to contain one hundred and thirty- five milltons of people. Many of these are large and pe pha empires, abounding in specie, \d many articles which we need, but do not produce, and de- siting also our produets and manufactures in ex- ‘Among those empires with whom we have no nd little or no direct trade, are Persia, C n China, Burmahb, and Japan, with whom no- thing but the steamship can successfully in- troduce our comm these is the em- pire of Japan, hi ‘advanced {in civilization, containing fifty millions of people, but two weeks by steam from our western coast. Ite foreign trade i6 now nearly confined to two Dutch versels, al- of the equator, though it is separated from Holland by — thousand mites, and irom our Pacific ovast only by _ thousand. Its commerce can be secured to us by vering and forts. Our steamships would pass on their SO ecuere ee} precee empire of Japan Rt of th their coasts, and yy thi fear with our flag and mer tile marine, extending their knowl overcoming their prejudice, and opening to them views 0: their own trye interests, would soon unseal their port: toourcomm@rce. The acquisition of our immense coast upon the Pacific, and the intrduction there o our steamships, especially when private enterprise sball (raverse, by railroads, the Isthmus route. would be the most important era in the history of our commerce aud progress tince the adoption of the Constitution. Our ports upon the Gulf, with our ccast upon both Oceans, fronting upon Europe from the east. and Asia from the west, occupying the central porition between # | the continents of the globe, nearer to them all by onvepient routes than any ot! nation, including ‘an eaey access to the whole interior of our count! we want only the ocean steamships of adequ strength, speed and numbers, to give us the com- mand of the trade of all nations. Nor should we forget that in carrying our commerce among the great and populous nations of Asia, and facilitating intercourse with that region, passing from coast to coast in the short period of twenty days, and with montbly or weekly steamships, Christianity would oon foilow commerce and intercourse. In those re- gions commerce must be the precursor of Christianity —commeree, which teaches peace and intercourse be- tween nations; which declares that man is not the enemy of man, nor nation of nation; but that the in- tereets of all countries and of all mankind are iden- tical, and that they will all advance most rapidly under the genial influence of an unrertricted recipro- eal trade and intercourse. By our recent accessions upon the Pacific, Aria has suddenly become our mers bor, with placid and gentle intervening ocean, in- viting ou abipe upon tie track of a commerce greater than that of all Europe combined, his com- merce fs ours, if our merchants and government should. by their united energies, secure for us with them a rapid and frequent communication by steam, Our products and ovr manufactures, and, especially, our coarrer cotton fabrics, are precisely what are da- wired by eeveral hundred millions of people of Asia, who Will send us back in return their specie and their rich productions, to few of which are raised within our own limits From our coast on the Pacific, as ‘well ae from the Guif and the Atlautio, and the [sth route. we would be much nearer to the western const of Amerioa, as well as Asia, than any European power, and with the best steamshipein adeycate number, wich the greater certainty of the voyage, ot the period of arrival and departure and economy of time and say. ibg of interest, and with diminished treigits, we would ‘ultimately enpply the western coast of America, as well as Atlin. with our products and manufactures on better termathan any European nation, We weal, in time, receive the productions of the east in change, vot only for our owen sonsninption, hut to be Gin one forts avencrepite for che smppiy And to far ng £O) should rene! Asia, and the western coast of America, they would ultimately pass chiefly through our hands, as factors, andin our versels, events which would very soon place in our hands the command of the trade and specie of the world. From there g eat evente, the whole country would derive vast benefits, and especially the city of New Yerk, It would become the depot, and store house, and entrépot of the commerce of the world, the centre of business and exchanges, the clearing house of internationul trade and business, the place where asrorted cargoes of our own products and manufao- tures, as well as those cf all foreign countries, would be cold and reshipped, and the point to whioh specie and bullion would flo the great creditor city of the world for the adjustment of balances—as the factor of all wations, and the point whence this specie would flow into the interior of oar country, through all the great channels of internal trade and intercourse. With these great events accomplished, and with abun: dant facilities for the warehousing of foreign and do- mestic goods at New York, it must eventually surpass in wealth, in commerce and popwation, any Europoan emporium, whilst, as @ necessary consequence, all our other cities end every portion of the Union, ‘and all our great interests, would derive corresponding advan- teges. Our merchants, as must have been expected in any new enterprise, encountered some difficulties in putting their first lines of steamships into full and suc. cessful operation; but these they are rapidly overcom- ing. They encountered similar obstacles in the com- menoement of their line of packet ships, which soon, however, outstripped those of all other nations; and the rame success with a liberal governmental polley in the outset of their great enterprise, will eoon follow as regards their ocean steamships. * * * + * . * * Srarement, Exnmting time Punic f or Treasury Noves A Dent, THE Reoriprs > LOANS, AND THE ou YEAu, FROM ere elusive of Loans and Principal and Iwerest of Debt paid. 5,257,019 4) 8.088780 99 00,495 80 3 3k 81 re 5,559,931 S980.884 GL 16,395,019 26 6,307,720 10 17,059,661 93 7.773473 10 260,245 35, 6,452,554 16 ROR 46 8,009,204 05, 4,449 622 11.108,1 45 344 3 036 12 21,206,201 62 624,494 25, 8,307,083 62 TS4B949 12 5,539,016 41 16,568,393 76 1,003,688 3) 12)163,438 U7 12'383 867 78 11,385,748 22 16.174,378 22 17,810,309 29 1,513,543 88 6,176,565 19 53,191 28 21822 91 8,975,639 04 agra i 29,941,853 90 505,089 10 ‘Treasury Department, Reglster's ter's Office, Sept., 1248, a DANIEL GRAHAM, Register. * Quarter ending 30th of Sept, 1848, * . . . * . . Statement, Exiinrrine tHe Vaiur or Mencnanvise Remainine iw Warenouse on tHE 30TH oF JUNE; 1848, anv THe Duties Accaurb THEREON. Rate of . Total ‘duty, Species of Merchandise, value, per cent, Duties, Ale, porter, beer, &. $2,220 Antimon) 220 «2 440 00 wz 10 Cy 209% «20 419 20 Liaw 333 70 200 10 24 00 65330 195 90 4116 30 12h 80 7737 Yba7 40 1450-20 290 00 2479 25 619 75 33) (WwW 312 00 14 ib 215 25 153 459 90 1,082 5 51 60 4.811 » 1,443 9 10% = 5 2,736 25 1611 30 453 30 20,2250 4,085 20 97 «80 20 10 74320 1,358 00, 1,389 «20 a7 se 4613 31,385 40 1510 1 151 00 4769 (30 1,430 70 1g Be 676 60 721146 25 180,285 50 Cords, ‘Sos 301078 Cotten Shawls... .... 4683 0 1,404 90 Gotton and worsted ‘goode 7,551 30 265 90 Cotton and worst d wis. 10056 «3 3,016 80 Cotton ard merino hosiery. 1,265 «30 379 60 Cotton aud worsted goods 14198 31,049 60 Cotton and linen good: tees DBO 5,201 00 Cotton and silk goods 13903 25 825 75, Velvets , 21303 20 4,273 60 Hes Bin 3 13797 73 736 20 37 30 us 5 a7 M4410 hw 460t 20 920 2 tee Ge 136810 136 $0 47,000 3148 Miakimon, pickled : km 1g iekled. i" 693 21,386 2216-2 ‘43 20 2319 90 695 70 92 30 27 © ao 18 682 05 Munufictures of Linens, - ay 20 83,410 6D Flowers and Feathers, artificial, 2109 8 ‘682 70 OE os ao Sass 21106 6 Fruite Almonds. 1381340 5,525 20 Raisins 27,491 0 10,996 40 795 10 79 60 Ts Ww M7 2579 5 128 95 “6 398 6 rT = 3,279 10 5920 118 80 2u2 2% 523 00 370 10 $827 00 139 ator ‘Sie Ds has2 op 4338 ‘14.831 40 629 «2 1,259 80 11,089 «20 2.217 80 42562 (0 8510 40 4765 201,749 00 19635 254.909 00 29,058 = 20 5,811 60 12512 10 1,251 20 dm 3 a8 6695 301,828 BO 6 5 33 8) TOSIZ 30 21,243 6) 5.968 (WO 2,690 40 2,870 2» 574 0 483 1494 B95 » 2.685 3) 505 8) 28878 BD + 6319 2,045 70 W 1,705 ‘529 5 Nails, hommers, vi 63220 189 6 Tron, bar ond bolt, railroad, &e. , 149580 116,268 3 Pig Iron... . 60 1,758 00 Indigo and indigo paste... 108,689 10 Jewelry « : 30 136 8) Lac dys 5 80 55, Les ther, » 882 60 : 30 77 9 30 28 5) » 6,520 4) 5 2 2 122 6 8585 $0 5 3110 75 Uy ‘564 OU » “7 0 hd 8.433 00 BD 137,250 00 » 1117 8 2» 365 20 » m9 2) 301,253 80 » 4M 40 oy 775 Ww oO 526 2) o F Pointe, green and others. » 449 80 Payer, writing. oO 1,168 80 Hangings .. 2” 3% 40 Perfumery %» 231 30 Potseh » wo Ot » 4 » Kubter, 1 3 Saddlery, een mon tin » Breen. . w 2 w “0 feammony. ; 2 Silke, piece goeay” on | Lover, veile, shaw le, » » | wo | ” | Balk aid woreted shawls | ty ard cotton shawls, NG Sogar, brown and white'ciayed ‘Tin im plates Tobsceo, ia leat Mahogany: Wool, unmanufactured, Woolens, cloths, & Baize and flannel Worsted yoru. Zine in sheots. Su’phate of, or Fanvtactures of,..... . . Articles not exceeding int ¥al, $600! Total... Vote of Mississippl. ——1844—— Counties. Polk, Clay. » 462 765 . 506 351 Bolivar... 6L Choctaw... 644 Chickasaw 632 Covington 308 Coahoma.. . 162 Copiah,. . Claiborne, Iesaquena. Jefferson, Tunica. Cass over Taylor. Polk over Clay - Total vote, 1848. last sidential elections :— Vote of Indiana. Taylo an Buren. Cass over Taylor. . 5 Van Boren... Taylor over Van Bur é Taylor and Van Buren ove! territory of Minesota is the late Judge Sibley, of this city, many years one of the principal agents in the extreme Northwest, of the American Fur Company. He is @ entieman of great energy of character and of intel- igent mind, The territory of Minesota was left with- out @ legal government bythe organization of the State of Wisconsin, Of couree, the delegate goes to ‘Warhington on the eame footing of the Oregon delegate 8 fow years since, without any law of Congress autho- nizing t ve no doubt, however, that he will be admitted to d that territorial government g the present session. We learn by the western papers thet ® regular poll was held for the election of a delegate, and that Messrs, Sibley and Rice were the opporing candidates, The recent Terri- r. H. H, Sibley, son of this unorganized territory —Detriot Daily Adv Wisconsin Le@isnaturk.—Portage county 1as elected a democrat, John Delaney, to the Assemdly. ‘Thie secures a majority in the Aesembly over both the whigs and Van Burenites. in the Senate is five ukie Wisconsin, Nov. 6. denied to several persons ever baving for th direct Mra, Ann prevent at the deed on the part of the prisoner, tion of the testimony of M thought ber sister he but that she was poisoned. Another sister of vir Cook testified to Mre, Ward's sayin Mra. Cock « hot sling and itrelieved “ire, Ward out of the room op the night of her death >that Mrs Cook and Mrs, Ward were not ov good Cook nad bie wife Heed bap- 404 00 SOL 2 | The returns from Ontonsgon and fHoughton, tw? new counties are not included in theabove. The fol- lowing is the aggregate vote in the {State at the two Mingsora.—The delegate from the proposed | fy j1ow. citizens, Mr. S. has been for torial Secretary of Wisconsin is acting as Governor of e demoeratic majcity Tur Muxper Triat. av Worcester.—The rial of John Cook, before the\Supreme Court sitting at Woreester, for the murder of his wife fifteen yearsngo, is not yet fimished No additional testimony ot im- portance against Cook was offered, except thet he bought arienic of Dr. Pierce « week previous to his wife’sdeath, The defence was then apened, which was, a want sien s leon ter of Cook, testified that she was eral when Mrs. Ward said they had rome arsenic in the house which was broken open. She used some, and did not know that “wa gave er;”” others terti- tied that Mrs Cock was unwilling to bave physician. ent for. and chat Mrs. Cook and not ber hueband rent | THE PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION IN FRANCE. | MANIFESTO OF GENERAL CAVAIGNAC, &e,, &e., Be, Citizens—The National Assembly, by a definitive vote, bas just completed the important ‘york undertaken and pursued by it with ro much persevering and ecru- pulous energy. The republican constitution is voted, and its promulgation will convey to the people the knowledge of the text of the fandamental law which is in future to govern their destinies. ‘nso important a conjuncture, and called upon as ycuare to co-operate according to your functions in this solomu measure, I have been desirous, by an exception which the gravity of the circumstance will explain, to place myeelf in direct relation with you, and to tell you what new guarantees, what new force the constitution will give to your authority. February up to the present day the principle alone was proclaimed, but the law, the written rule which is the final consecration of it, was wanting to the principle; hence irrssolution, persevering hostility, and exclusive preensions, and finally, the wild and invensate projects of a small number, The revo- lution not betng defined, audacious minds took ecope, and because a necessary interval of time was to elapse | between the destruction of the monarchical edifice and the construction of the republican edifice, it seemed as if all were to be done anew, and nothing of the existing society was to be preserved. These fatal | theones could only produce bitter fruit, and you know what terrible reeponeibility fails om them for the acts of eacreligious preparation or savage aggression. which, under a borrowed flag, attacked uli that is most re- fpected, most secred, and most vital ia human society. ‘There deplorable crises caused to you and to us serious difficulties, and when you had ‘to oppore them you Uiumphed less by the torce which would have been given to you bya written Jaw than by the inspirations cf an enlightened conscience, an uulimited devoted- ness to yout duties tow: the nation and the whole of society. A powerful and irrestatible weapon is about to be added to those which you already pos- rected, The constitution is made, aud henceforth the revolution is defined in its organization and in its law, and whoever, rising against its new Jaw, should pretend to demand from the revolution which has been accomplished the discharge ot any imaginary debte, will most justly incur the severities of the law ‘The fundamental political law hus placed itself by the side of the eternal Jaw of order and stability, whieh is the necessary condition of all human society Both are henceforth inseparable. The existence of the re- pubiic is indissolubly connected with the maintenance of good political and social order. The regublic with. out good order, good order without the republic, are henceforth two facts equally impossible; and he who rhould pretend to separate them, or to sacrifices one to the other, is a dangerous citizen.condemned by reason and rejected by the counuy. Endeavor to be imbued with these ideas, and to cau emto penetrate into the minde of thore who or surround you, Founded on the great principle of universal suffrage, euch as it is defined and determined in its application by the constitution of the republic, the constitution 41g | leaves all liberty of discussion, and takes away all pre- j45 | text for insurrection and revolt. For by what right 730 | can the vote which could not prevail by Jaw be made 393 | to prevail by violence? And, on the other hand, in 474 | Pretence of this inceseant application of universal 801 | #ufltage, what is the authority which could attempt ‘99 | tO corrupt the expression of it? Universal suf- 614 | {rage is the entire revolution ; all the other princi- 921 pes no longer present themselves but as consequences, 7,806 | Im the firet-rank of these consequences you all place ‘17 | that which consists in maintaining the government 241 | Under the agtion and inviolable respect of the ma- 334 | jority. Im the new state of things whieh the constitu- ggg | tion is about to create for the republic, to forget these 277 | principles would be on the part of alle great fault, and 578 | * crime om the part of any man, who, invented with 143 authorty of any kind, should thus dispute the 757 | Very soutce and basis of this authority. ‘The first 356 | Tesult, the first danger of such an error, would be the 210 | destruction of the power iteelf, whose origin should 152 | have beom rejected, and whose valu \d signification Be 236 | should have been misunderstood. Drawn up in con- aaae a ‘33 | flict, ifwe.may so exprees it, with the subversive theo- on ince. me 840 attack property and society (/a famille), and ries whi the nd salutary conditicns of labor, the constitution had nothing to add to the power ot the eternal principles upon which these rights repose; it Linited iteelf to the recording, acknow- ledgitgjand consecrating them by asolemn deciara- tion, Its text, therefore, would add nothing to you duties In this ‘respect. Every period has its dan, enditeerrors; You know these errors and the dan- gers'of ofrepoch, 2nd, you will continue to combat them wifh the coronene the republic has a right to expect from you. npport of the authority which directs you, and the m of the entire na- tiom, are the sources from which you will strengthen the courage requisite in order tease pou may not failin presence of aur us aggressions if they should again Do. '184de sees which {8 being accomplished under our yes aud by owp-efforta. Parties had been in Increase. .... 45+ scgcecccccee cess GOS | contig ‘he menwho « ¥ ‘Two counties, Coshoma and Tunica, which gave 365 | by en@yetio dissentiment f ff ‘i yotes in 1844, and 7 majority for Clay, are not returned | bilities) Yow willemot forget the revolution of this year. February. fs the entire nation beholding without an- ger the eulck@® of the onarcby, which remained Vote of Michigan. alone with itrelf, You will mot forget that the repub- ——148——— -—1844—~ | lic, thg object of the hopes and ot the old worsbip of » Counties Case, Tay. V,B, Clay. Polk. Bir. | emall pumber of citizens, proclaimed on the day when Alleghan,....++ we GTA 243° «41 | all otifer government. all other authority, was wanting is 28 15 | to thp country, has been accepted and legitimised by 4 4a 883g) | the ag@lamation of the entir) nation. In what has 1254 745 1,57 1,528 25 | pas do not see a conspiracy which triumphs and 733 191 "760715 -~= 59 | mainfains itself by violence and exclusion: | see ia 51 = tt) — | it the evolution, painful without doubt in its crisia, a3 LS) 2410 | but fortunate and natural, of a nation which sutfered a oe ts and its dearest and most respectable 1027482958 1,084 212 | Tights Under the influence of these salutary traths, 478 332-3244], 45, | you will remain convinced that the souvenirs of 477 418 3) | former struggles and of the sympathies or repulsions 1072 1,902 1,39 475 | attached to them, if they still subsist, must be effaced We 2 AE | andextingutehed. You will devote all your efforts to 305 $09 ft sa | this Work of peace and conciliation. The nation has 1686 795 «3,177 2272 923 | nothad the Fepublic impoeed upon it, nor will it sub- 764 280687 -1,0% +108 | mif to a minority, whatever it may be. Engaged seri. 51 — 43 ‘100 — | oubly and irrevocably in « republican course, it will $55 04 953 1,350 140 cast look behind. It looke forward, it progresses, 308 870 L848 a 1oe2 “903 2,955 283 g77_| Dut it will see clearly, it will attend to its own affairs, ry 63°42 "11617 | 88d this sentiment is legitimate; not to acknowledge 18 47 «107-—«104-—S 2 | this would be to depart from Hight, from truth, from Bi «192 «=O «6269 = 9% | public reason. In the post which you occupy, and de- 4 a 569 «GIT 4 voted as you are to the new institutions which insure as 4 Sho $4.) the future of the republic, you will experience no 2029 917 237 2519 36 | sentiment of systematic exclusion. In the choice 2544) 40-2945 2737 «192 | which you will to propose or to make, open — ——_ —_. —_ -___ -___ | the career resolutely to every citizen who comes to 80,657 28,940 10,389 24,287 27,703 3,632 pa with o sincere heart and honest intentions. Cast over Taylor . . wey s ONE orth, id not from whence Cass over Van Buren . see 20,208 ee - P-- oe Taylor and Van Buren over Cass. . . 8,642 7 urn Polk over Clay, (1 1844), ; . stoned. contdonce which you will peck in Clay and Birney over Polk... 2 ‘Apply youreelves, $0. con- , and to reconcile them to other. ‘our first duty is to serve faithfully the interests of the republic. Nothing will better secure to it convic- tions and hearts than the spirit of wisdom and impar- 1844." 1848. | tiality you may display in your choice. In the path I Democratic... oe 27,703 30,687 to you, you must expect the most contradictory Whi et . ++ 24,937 23,940 Some will accuse you of deserting the cause Free soiland abolition...... 8,632 10,889 called upon to defend, and make — —— | prevail. Leave to facts and to time the care ofde- 65,672 65,016 monstrating whether you or they have best, ° Remged the interests of the republic. Others y, will accuse you of hesitation, of mm, perhaps of duplicity. ‘In the face of all these obsta: a neither basten nor delay your march; the feeling i you are doing your duty will indicate to you the just measure; do not suffer If to be diverted | from it, Mhink that the public life ofs fanctionary | belongs to truthand and: ees, Do not be eins’ of 1844. and 1848 compare thus: know that as soon as one is destroyed, another is ready. tgs 1844, a 1848. Increase. | Devote your time rather to your country than soyver Whig vote... ...+ ++ 67,857 70,169 2,202 | telf. If, im the exercise of your functions, you Demceratio vote. 70181 74°608 4531 | have to experience some dirgust, some discouragement, Third party... veces 2,106 8,643 6536 think that all these attacks, all these calumnies have —— ——| no longer duration than your temporary authority, Agere; 163,495 «18,41 | and that, after that is at an end, nothing will remain but your acts, which will mark you for remembrance or oblivion, for the gratitude or contempt of your ‘Think that free nations ure suspicious and that it is right that they should be 0, More tha: one pation has rtifled its own liberties under the weight of its gratitude, but | know none who have lost them through remorse for ingratitude. [t is by this tpirit that you will fulfil the duties which the consti- tution is about to impose upon you. The country is suffering, and some unenlightened citizens are but too much disposed to attribute to the very principles of the republican government the sufferings and privations which they endure, Apply yourself to combat these evil tendencies, neglect nothing to hasten the termi- nation of the Merings, and remember that confi- cence in the stability ot the present, and im the pro- mirer of the future, will restore to the people that well- being which awaits only that confidence to revive of itself, Reckon that the government will aid your efforts —will encourage you by its approbation — will guide you by its advice and Instructions. Like you, it feels all the value of the return of confidence, which is the foun- on of public credit. The thoughts of the country are alto turned to events abroad. in possession of good order at home, it is made y by the agita- tiene, the commotions, the stru created by the change cf ideas in neighboring nations. Say to all around you who will listen to you, and be not afraid of deceiving them, that, thanks to the loyal and get rous prinoiples of policy traced out by the Nation: Arrembly, the government of the republic is conf- dent that it will reach the term of its provistonal au- thority without seeing any disturbance of those pa- cific relations which all its efforts have tended to, and tneceeded in maintaining and consolidating, and t it will bequeath to the definitive power ate of affairs by which the maintenance of peace will cost nothing to the honor or the inte- rerts of France. The National Assembly has willed that religion should be called upon to ccnsecrate the e«lemnity which is being pre- . The government anticipated this ides, and assured itself of your concurrence in re: . | ising it. The constitution guarantees to every citizen the free exerolee of his own mode of worship fe ternal Jaw of respect for men’s cons You will find in all the ministers of adi. hese to auewer your appeal They hail with since homege the establishment of a republis They And ia it the wppliention of all the prinotplas of liberty. equal- ity and fraterpity, revealed to Lhe world by the gorpai, aud enrefally fnrorited in the cenationtion. Chey EDITION, MONDAY DECEMBER 11, 1848. From the month of Long political struggles preceded the re- . 8 protenta the nation and the republic, They wilithank im for his benefits, and pray to him for new blessings upon the common country. You will have to reader an account to the minister under whose orders you find yourrelf placed, of the meatures you shall have | taken for the promulgation of the constitution. Tho President of the Council of Ministers | ed with the Executive Power. | CAVAIGNAC, f THE POSITION OF | ‘The Bien Public says 1 said, and other journats bave re de Lamartine desists froin all condidateship in favor of General Cavaignac, After the letter which M. de La, martine has written to the Journal des Débots, we find it difficult to conceive the assertion of the Monitewr. In that communication, the illustrious orator announces that to put himself forward for the presiden be a temerity, torefuse it would be an act of cowardice. If the Moniteur du Soir haa correspondents bette: in- formed respecting the intentions of M. de Lamartine himeelf, we congratulate it on ft; but we can assure it that one of the principal founders of the republic oxn not consent to diminish, bya chance in the play, of the bullot the suocers of the republic. Asthe Moniveur du Soir certainly could not have wished to oftcially accredit an error, we are persuaded that it will be well pleased to rectify this one.” NOTE FROM MARSHAL BUGEAUD. Deranrin, Nov. Oth.—Impeiied by a patriotic and ar- dent desire to concur in saving the country from the dangers which stil! threaten it, 1 was inclined to ac- cept the sanldaioahiy for the Presidency, which was rpontaneously offered to me from different points of France. A more mature appreciation of the public spirit, and facts which have arlsen, have modified my ideas without lessening my devotedness to the cause of true liberty and social order. I declare, then, to my friends and my certisans, that | think it useful to with which they wished to crown my long military and political carver. By persisting I might contribitte to Givide the suffrages of the moderate party, for which I could never pardon myself, I entreat them to con- centrate their votes on a man to whom the more gene- ral assent may give sufficient strength to rule the pre- sent and consolidate the future. MARECHAL BUGEAUD. ‘The bishops, who are members of the Assembly, have declared in favor of Gen Cavaignte as candidate for the Presidency. To Bishop of Orleans has addressed the following circular to all the archbishops and bish- ops of France :— Panis, 11th Nov , 1848, “ Monsrronnun—You will, perhaps, be happy to know the unanimons idea of the bishops and clergy of the National Assembly in the grave circumstances in which the Church of France is placed. After the most mature reflection, it appears to us that the choice of Gen, Caysignac, as President of the republic, would offer to religion a better guarantce, and to the country more calm and stobility, than any other candidature, We believe, also, that the clergy ought to join at the approaching elections in making use of their legitimate influence. Accept, Monseigneur, the homage of my respectiul devotion “” J.J, BISHOP OF ORLEANS.” Our London Correspondence. Lonvon, Friday night, Nov. 17—7 P. M. Military Fracas—English Opinions of American Pre- sidents—Edinburgh Chartist Trials—The Alleged Forger, Barber—Theatricals—Shipping News—Lves of Two Emigrant Ships, on the Goodwin Sands—Fi- nance Association—State of Trade—Money Market— Railway Stock—General Intelligence. | The past week has been singularly barren of interest ing news—s0 much 0 as toleave us scarcely any thing to gossip about; and this, your readers are aware, is a dearly loved vocation in England. This dearth of | Intelligence has allowed us ample opportunity for com. ment and criticism upon foreign affairs, without which I do not know what we should have done. Each mail from the Continent is looked forward to very anxiously, and its contents duly considered, The | news, of Berlin being declared in a state of sicge, reached town yesterday; but, as this was @ thing of dai- ly expectation, it did not occasion much surprise, I will now give you asummary of the doings of the last seven or eight days. ¢ To begin, then, with military matters, The Earl of Cardigan, who has hed frequent altercations with the officers of the 11th Hussars, of which regiment he another dispute, el. himself int the Canes ‘Noel, who, being « member of Parliament, ae well an highly connected, is not so to allow ‘Grop, a6 over either stde; but Captain Noel being « member of t! House of Commons. left his regiment, to attend to bis Parliamentary duties, and did not rejoin it during the Whitsuntide recess, Another arrest followed, and as might be anticipated, an altercation between Lord Cardigan and Capt. Noclensued, The latter brought the subject before the notice of the Duke of Weliing- top, at the Horse Guards, who subsequently decided that the Captain should apolog: This decision has been objected to, and the matter chus rests. Now, no one doupts that Lord Cardigan may be a very good, rmart officer; but it israther singular he should be so continually having differences with his officers, tn this instance, it is more than likely that, as C Noel is rich, he will either exchange regiment or leave the service; and then we shall have the matter finally settled, by an infinitely more sum- mary method of decid! & difference. The Presidential election for the United States is watched here with much anxiety. Much speculation is at work upon the matter. General Taylor. notwith- ‘ding, it is supposed will be the suacessful oandi- dat The Times had a spirited article in its columns yesterday, upon the chances of the several parties. It taid—“ The two Generals and their supporters are alike in novel and temporary Poaitio ‘Taylor pro- fesres peace and protection; Cass associated with war and free trade. Now, undoubtedly war is a worse thing than a probibitive teriff; but the threat of the one may still be s lese dangerous matter than the of the other; just as ‘I'll cut your head off,’ addressed to a child, will probably give it less ‘uneasiness than ‘shall not give you any more pud- ding.’ It may be easier for Taylor to do a little for his manufacturing supporters, than for C: to give his Irish allies an opportunity of cutting British throats, Of the two, however, on general principles, we feel bound to prefer the one who offers himselfin the name of peace. We are also alive to # certain danger in this instance, not immediately affecting British in- tere or the ‘War is a tendency of republics, The Conrul naturally anxious to mark his reign withsome endur- President has a short time before him, and is @ memorial, Texas and California immorta! ir. Poik, and it is possible Mr. € might contrive as sociate his mame with th xation of Cul Thus ks the Times. ‘Three persons, named Grant, Hamilton, and @™aken, have been found guilty of sedition at the Hi ‘ourt of Edinburgh. They form a part of the gang Whose trials [ alluded to in my Inst letter, and considered themselves “Chartists to the back bone.” Sentence will not be pronounced until Saturday morning. Your readers will readily remember the name of o | person who was transported three or four years back, for being coneerned in the forgery of a will. Repeated appicetions have beon made to the government in| (vor cf Barber, with the view of obvaining a reprieve of th» sentence, at the eame time forwarding tolerably | Hroug proofs of Biatnnocence. A day oF #0 tines one of his friends received a letter from the Home Office, enclosing « free pardon, stating that although they believed him not guilty of the crime for which he was | convicted. it was not the wish of the government to impugn the verdict of the jury, as they considered that Barber's want of prudence in the transaction | bad justited the conclusion at which the legal tri- bunel hed arrived. Surely, after the suffering undei one by Barber during the period of his imprisonment, tome compensation should be made to him, although | no renuneration can atone for the misery he has en- dured. Not a word is raid about his male companions, | who were similarly rentenced, Mra, Dorey. who was | one of the party, and who only had to submit to two years’ imprisonment, has served the time, and is now | terving in her shop in Oxford street. In theatricals I have wothing of great moment to communtente, rave that Mr. Bunn, finding that the receip's of Covent Gaiden Theatre did not remunerate bim, determined on a general reduction of prices, re- ducing the charge to the pit from 3s 6d to 2s 64, and making acorrerponding decrease of prices in other perts of the house The experiment has been ama- Pingly successful. the houre being crowded every night. To be sure he has got an excellent company. Sims Reever ard Mdile. Nisten play four nights every week in a good opera,cuch ae Norma.” Then there are Harriron, Mies Romer, and a posse of first rate dan- seuses tO fall back upon, 40 that Mr. Bunn may at length congratulate himself en having got held of a Mrs.) formed k. and draw good houses, 8 seem the rd at this house. Quite a hit been made im the “Twelfth Night.’ The M: bone in not doing ro well, now that Mrs. Mowatt and Mr. Daven- port bave left ; and Mra. Fitzwilliam and Mr. Buck- stone have raired the prices since they have joined the company, At the Lyceum, Adelphi, and Princess’ very tolerable business is being done. Dion Bourcl. th hor of “London Ai rance”? © Used ral other successful dramatic pieces, has court for protection. His entieman whom report son of the celebrated Dr Lardner. he Britannia reached Liverpool on Saturday night, having had a very boisterous passage. Her datentio is alleged to have been occationed by easterly winds during nearly the whole of her voyage She took 30 hours longer. it is said, to meke the distance between New York and Halifax than ordinary. The Niagars theeame dock on Monday night, with 80 ngera, having bad to encounter head winds ‘The election for the Rectorehip of the University of Edinbureh is over. Mr. Macauley hae been returned by the * Four Natio’ ‘a majority of 62 over Col the country for me to decline the distinguished honor , TWO CENTS. will plously raise their thoughts towards God, who | General tothe Forces, and ison author of great re- pute. [He is at present employed in writing » histor: of England, whieh will shortly be published He also afiequent contributor to the Edinburgh Reviews A large ball was held last night at Gaildhall, anderthe patronage of the civic authorities. for the benefit of the | dietreseed Polesin London. The charity, for such it may be called, has, until this year, been allowed to | hold its sway uminterruptedly; but this last time, many of the bes ery! have refused to support the ball, under the plea that it would be well to glance at home before patronizing foreigners, Lord Dudley Stuart, a member of the House of Commons, is at the head of ? | the concern, which has obtained for him, at different | reasons. alarge share of popularity. In despite, how- ever, of the chilling sarcasins of some of the London journals, he persevered in his work, and the ball came off last night. A good sprinkling of the nobility were: there, and no doubt that there will be @ very hand- some sum for the use of the indigent Poles Intelligence has reached town this morning of the | wreck of two rmigrantsbips oa the Goodwin Sands, off Ramegate, The names of tho vessels are the “Burgume dy,” an American built ebip, and the other the “At- lantic ‘The former was on her way to New Orleans, having on board 200 emigrants, and the latter was , | bound for New York, and it is supposed had more then 160 paseengers. Signals were beard on the coast late on Thursday night, when several boats immediately put off to render assistance. The Burgundy was the first reached, but it was found impossible to her off the sand, at the state the tide was in, Plans wore, therefore, devised to rescue the pussengers, who were allaved, Tho Atlantic was thea seen in a similar situation. Four lives are reported to have been lost | from this vessel, the master, two passengers, and aca- bin boy. This account only reached London this morning, which, | have no doubt, will be found correct, Great credit 1s due to the crews of the smacks and luggers which went out to the assistance of the ves- | sels, and itis most providential that no more ives were lost. ‘The spot on which they were wrecked, is a very dangerous piace, being « quicksand, from which | te simpootible to excrieate «ship after she bas once ot on. Be A very destructive fire occurred at Glasgow ou Wed- nesday afternoon, which entirely destroyed the Adel- pbi Theatre in that town. At the time of the disaster the performers were rehearsing a new piece, which was | shortly to be brought out A vast deal of property has | beem consumed, Mr. Calvert is the manager, ‘The Financial Reform Association of Liverpool, held | a meeting in the town hall of that place on Wednes- day. As your readers may surmise, the object of the roclety is to cut down the working expenditure of the country, The speakers were particularly energetic im pointing out ths large sums expended on various branches of the State servico, laying strass upon the military and naval estimates, which of late years have been enormously large. This ix a young association, which, if it grow to maturity, will do an immense deal of benefit to the nation, What do your readers think of your cconemy when | add that we pay to our four North American Governora more than the thirty can States pay to their thirty Governors? Surely reform is needed here The etate of trade inthe manufacturing districta continws to keep pretty brisk, Within the la@t fow Gays an improvement has been visible in many of the branches cf manufacture in the midland counties, which has been especially noticeable in the fron trade, ‘The revival of the Souch American connexion, the reduction of bank dircounts, the partially favorable news from the Continent, and above ail the dissipation of much of that apprehension which had overwhelmed the affairs of our great railway companies in causeless panic, all operate beneficially upon the feeling of trade. and assist in reestablishing a tone of confidence im every day transactions, In addition to these con- siderations, there is the hope of a better export trade. early in the spring, eo that more firmners may reason ably be expected, and a fair employment provided for the workmen, The cholera returns are of course being made daily in conformity with the orders of the Board of Health, Tho number of deaths {s certainly not on the increase, nor can it cither be said there is any observable de- crease. I give you the total of the latest returns, as it is of no utility to enter into particulars, There have been 37 new cases reported in London and Edin- burgh, 19 of whom have ‘died, and the remainder are either recovered or undergoing treatment or restora— tion to health, The money market Is much the same; aslight im- provement was noticed yesterday and to-day. itis even now too much dependent on continental news; still it is decidedly firmer. Prices are quoted thus; eontols, 8634 a 3; India stock, 234 and 235; bani stock 189. ‘Reduced three per cents 875;. Lomg an- nuities 916. India bonds 3és, a 38s. premium. Ex- chequer bills, March, 80s. to 41s. premium; June, 368.8 408 premium ‘The railways are also dependent on the funds, showing that they are regarded more as stock for spe- culation than forinvestment. They, too, like consols, are firmer, and more confidence is daily shown. East- ern counties have been done at 12; Great Northern 3 and 4; Great North of England 216 219; Hull and £0 Selby 94. Lancashire and Yorkshire 24 discount. Biachwalls 4%. Brighton 27', 0 28. North Westerns Oat ‘esterns 76. Midlands 81, South East- ern 4, Tut Gor Resionall Tuxas.—The public mind has been lately greatly excited with the accounts f the wonderful produetions of the gold region of ifornia: but ifwe may credit the traditions of the Indians, and the historical records of the Spaniards, the gold region of Texas, on the [io Puereo, is aa riek in the precious metals as the now celebrated inines of Feather River in Alta Califernia It is not the vague traditions of the Indians only, nor the records of the Spaniards, that attest the value of the mines of Paerco. ‘The ruius of an extensive city reared in ancient days, like the famous Tadmor of the desert, rise in lonel; grandeur in thie wild region, and bear sil bat poet. tive testimony that something more than agriculture was the Lasis of its prosperity. Im the midst of wild anc almost sterile region, the turrets, spir d domes of this once populous city, still remain, bat destitute of everything that betokens civilized life. The wild deer, antelope, and mustang, browse the herbage which grows luxuriantly in its decerted etreets, and tl savage Camanche or Kioway, pitches his rude kt beneath its now dismantled ramparts. This cit; the Gran Quivira of the Spaniards, and was founded soon after the conquest of Mexico by Cortez. It is a well established fact that the Spaniards penetrated into this region and established flourishing settlements t a very early day, and almost immediately after, the city of Mexico and adjoining provinces were organized into a Spanish viceroyalty. The Spaniards of that day were not stimulated by @ desire to acquire agri- cultural wealth, and they made few settlements in districts that were destitute of valuable mines of the precious metals. Their conquests all had one object— mineral treasures. Geld and silver were sought for im all parts of the New World where their arms could penetrate. The country around Gran Quivirs is an. arid, woodless plain, there is no spring of water or stream within ten ‘miles of the city. traces of cultivated fields For what object then were these huge structures erected? The answer must be found in the character of the Spanish conquerors, of thelr Motery. They were erected for mining purposes. There is still a tradition current among the Mexicans, that there were several millions of pounds of gold and silver collected at this city, when the terrible insur- rection of the Indians broke out in the month of Au- gust, 1680. The city was surrounded by an immense army of Indians, and after along siege all the inhabi- tants were m fed except two, who to tell the inhabitants bad been slaughtered, and that treasures ef gold and silver were bu- ried in the ruins. An account of thi published in the Matomoras Flag, make any further comments respecting it. Our ob- ject here is to show, that there are positive evidences that there is a rich mining region on the Puereo, and we hope by calling the attention of our enterprising | fellow citizens to the subject, to induce some of them to explore this region, and possibly they may be re- warded with as full success as that which has attended explorations in California The chain of granite mountains that stretches southward from Taos to the mouth of the Puerco, resembles in its geological features of the Anahuac mount that contain t gold mines of Mexico. Several placers have long been worked in these mountains belo te Fe, ond large quantities of gold in small grains have been | washed from the auriferous sands in the valleys that traverse them. This country was the home of the Aztecs previous to their migration to the capita cf the Montezumas, and it in probable that they fret learned the art of working gold mines in re- gion. The traces of their ancient cities are still found extending from the Puerco by the Casas Grandes, be- yond Chibtahua, westward to the Pacific, As the Spaniards to soon after the capture of the city of Mexi- co, pushed their conquesta directly into this region, it may be regarded as am indication that they considered this country the El Dorado from which most of the im- menre treasures of the Montezuinas were drawn. The Indiane knew that it was the thirst for gold that actus. tea the @ miarde in thely ggngus M ene they con- ccaled their mines that ba: alate jeir op to invade their country. ‘The mines of Calitor ia, those of Chihuahua, and thore of the Paereo, are lar to each other, aud the geological formations, as far as We can ascertain, are similar. ‘Tne mines of Califor. nia have been iess worked thaw those of Chi and thie may be the reason that they are at preseao more productive. This may be the case also with the placers of the Puerco; and fature explorations may re~ veal iu the now desert regions of Northern Texas the true El Dorado that the Spaniatds were induced to reek for by the Indian traditions, but which the In- though exposed to excruciating tortures, would veal — Houston Telegraph. Who has lost a Chitd! Pruitanecenta, Deo, 9, 1848, Mx. Buxnert:—I have just been informed of a child, who is in the sion of a man in Salem county, N. J., who stater he was rold to an im whose posses- ‘on he is, for $2 00, by aman tl ight him from New York, where he was going to school. He says his father lives in New York, but cannot tell his mame; he bout six years old, light complexion, light hair; his father bas plum trees in his Please give this euch publicity as wil ble the Va gen to get bim back, & such form as you may think proper, Tue Free NaviGatiOn or THE St. LAWRENCR. The adjourned meeting of the inhabitants of Mon- in favor of repealing the English Navigation ada is concerned, was, say the Montreal papers, attended by two or three thousaud pereons, and the proceedings characterised by umant. Muir The ew dete is @ very dietinguiah- ed member of the House of Commons, is Paymaster mity and enthusiasm