The New York Herald Newspaper, December 8, 1848, Page 4

bursing officers, are comsidered as appHoadle only t= bie neys reovived from the treasury. it fe recomme nied that these laws should be so extended esto y to the accounts for moneys received from eoptributicn: all other sources Without some gueb provision, | am ratisfed that much delay and meny difficulties will attend the adjustment of these aeccunts ‘There are also other accounts which cannot be ad- 4 without further kgielation, No Sane wan pinned special appropriation at the disposal of we Execu- or the ae ding geacrals. to meet expenses a but in Mexico It is not reasonable to expect that regular vouchers of psyment for seoret services should be produced, and the se- eounts embracing such items must remain unadjast-@ ed, unless Congress should deem it proper to provide some mode for settling them. The spor which —— most appropriate, so far as regards the expendituy " id confidential soerions js that which has for settling accounts for the disbarse- ment ofthe appropriation for contingent expenses of of foreign intercourse. I respectfully refer you to the accompanying reports from the officers in charge of the #veral bure: nected with thie depa tmentg#The examination of them will, | trust satisfactorily sl®w that the datles of each have been discharged with industry, ability, and faithfulness, These duties, s0 greatly multiplied ia all of them by the war with Mexico, have mot yet been much diminisbed by the retdra of peace. The aliow- ance of three mopths’ extra pay to ail who served in that war, bas rendered it indispensably mecessary to retain inservice the temporary paymasters appointed under the act of tbe 5th of July, 1838. To prevent and to eubserve the convenience of the volun- teers, paymasters have been sent into the several sec- tions of the country where these troops were raised and organized it is estimated that from eighty to one hundied thousand persons became entitled to three montbs’ extra pay under the act of the 19th of July last; thg greater part of this number had left the ser- viee before this provision of law was adopted. Scat- tered, a8 they are, through every section of the United States, much labor and time will be required t> adjust these claims. The vast increase in the extent of our territory, and in the nuaber of military posts, has in- duced the Paymaster General to ask that the addition- paymasters appcinted for the war, and whose services were continued by an act of Congress passed at the last sertion until the 4th of March next, may be retained permaneily in'tbe public service. This suggertion, as weil as that relative to the peculiar tenure of office in this brench of the army, is respect- fu'ly commended to your favorable consideration The numter of military posts will probably exceed the nucsber #f medical oilicers now authorized by la Should that be the case, the employment of physicians im civil life will become necessary. Besides the diffi- culty of procuring such physicians at the points where they are wanted, the expenses often exceed the regular pay acdemolumen's of army surgeons and assistant surgeons. With a view both to economy and to the interest of the rervice, | am induced to conour in the recommendation of the Surgeon General in favor of the repeal of the proviso of the third section of the act of the 19th of July last, ro far as it reiates to the two surgeons, and twelve as:istanteurgeons, authorized by the act ofthe llth of February. 1847. By suca a re- peal. the above number of surgeonsand assistant sur- geons would be added to the permanent medical staff of the army The report cf the Chief Engineer presents in detail She operations of that department during the past ar. The pendency of the war with Mexico, in some Gegree, suspended the measures for carrying forward our system of exterior defence. In consequence of the return of peace, the estimates for fortifications for the next fiscal year somewhat exceed those for either of the two preceding years, and will be sufficient to com- plete rome of the works, and considerably advance others elready in the progress ofconstruction. Itmay be advisable to commence new works at some exposed pointson the Atlantic end Gulf coasts, particulariy within the limits of Texas, An esrly attention has been given to our Pacific cast. So little accurate knowledge was possessed of that coast, that it has been deemed advisable to cause it to be carefully and fully examined. with a view to the relection of proper points for fortidcations, as well Qs Daval establishments. A board, composed of offi- cers of the army and navy, has been constituted to meke such an examination, and are now under yalifornia und Oregon, to execute the du- ties them. By the instrections prepared by id Navy Depart ents, and herewith submi @ objects embraced in the examination are fully disclosed. The appropriations for the army proper required for the next fiscul year, amount to $4 432.286. The eati- mates for the transportation of the troops far excced that of any other year previous to the war. The in erease in this item is to meet the expe~se of sending troops to Oregon, New Mexico, and California. Should the suggestion of the Quartermaster Gene- ral, contained in his report, to employ the public ves- eels in the naval service for the transportation by sea of army stores and troops, be adopted, thisitem of ex- Pemses would be greatly reduced. Our possessions Upon the Pacific seem to render the change in this re- spect appropriate, andi do not doubt that euch a men- poo be cttended by results favorable to the public service. of th rement is extended, not only in regard to ut most other respects, no stinted mrasure to be ascribed to the ability, imdi of that branch of this department to nagement of our diversified aud difficult affairs ie assigned. Within the newly juired territories there is a nu- merous Indian population, over which our superyision ‘and guardianship must necessarily be extended ; bat this cannot beeffevtuallygone ithout the action of Congrers on the tudj ditional agencies are re- quired to mapage | fairs in these terri and to extend to th indian system of co! d management which, in other parts of our country. has already produced euch happy results, and is so full of promise for the future. respectfully pty" attention to the following 6 djects, mention my last annual report :—th settlement of claimsfin California, a retired list ot officers of the ery, andan asy'um for disabled and wornout soldiers, In regard to each of these the views otgbe department are faily ret forth in that report, and 1 again recommend them to your favorable consider- 6 Ihave the honor to be, very respectfully, your o dlent rervant. °° W.L. MARCY, To the Pxssipent. Secretary of War. ‘ Interesting Despatch from California, Among the documents received by the Secretary ‘War, and communicated with the President's message, ig the following letter from Col Mason, the military commandant of California, who, presents the fullest dese iption we bave seen of the gold “ placers” of that distant region - [No. 87] Heapquanrens. 10th Miuitary Dgr’r, } Monterey, Califorhia, Aug. 17, 1848 Sir: 1 have the honor to inform you that, accompa- nied by Lieut. W. T. Sherman, 3d artillery, A. A. A. General, I started on the 12th of June last, to make a tour through the northern part of Cali- fornia. My principal purpose, however, was to visit the newly discovered gold “placer” in the valley of the Sacramento. | had proceeded abcut forty miles, when I was overtaken by an ex- ees, bringing me intelligence of thearrival at Mor- erey cf the United States rhipSouthampton, with im- portant letters from Commodore Sbubrick amg Lieut. Colonel Burton. Ireturned at once to @lonterey, and despatched what business was most important, ke 17th reeumed my journey. We reached neiscoonthe 20th and found that all, or nearly all, its male inhabitants had gone to the mines The town, which afew months before was so busy and thriving, was then almost deserted. On the evening ofthe 24th, the horses of the escort were crossed to Sousoleto in alaunch, and on the following day we resumed the journey by way of Bodega and Sovoma to Sutter’s fort, where we arrived on the morning of the 2d July. Along the whole route, milis were lying idle ffivlds of wheat were open to cattle and hirtes, boures vacant, andfarms going to waste. At Sutter’s there was more life and business. Laaach- €8 were diecharging their cargoes at the river, and carts were hauling goods to the fort, where already Were established several stores, a hotel, &e. Captain Sutter had only two mechanics in his employ (a wagon maker aud a blacksmith) whom he was then paying ten dollar#a day. Merchaots pay him a monthly reat of $100 perroom, and whilst I was there, a two atory —- the fort was rented as @ hotel for $500 a mont At the urgent rolicitation of many gentlemen, I de- layed there to participate in the first public celebration of cur national anniversary at that fort, but on the bth resumed the journey, and proceeded’ twenty-five miles up the American fork to a point on it now known as the Lower Mines, or Mormon Diggings. The hill- tides were thickiy sirewn with canvass'teats and bash a: bors; a store was erected, and several boarding shan- ies im operation. The day was intensely hot, yet ubout two hundred men were at work in th» full glare ef the sun, washing for gold—some with tin pans, some with clore woven Indian barkets, but the greater part bad arude machine, known asthe cradie. This ison rochers, six or eight feet long, open at the fost. and at its bead has @coarse grate, or sieve; the bottom is rounded, with small cleets nailed across, Four men are required to work this machine; one digs the grouad in the bauk clore by the stream; another carries it to the cradie. avd empties it on the grate; a third gives aviolent rocking motion to the machine, whilst a fourth dashes on water from the stream itself. The sieve keeps the coarse stones from entering the cradle, the current of water washes off the carthy matter, and the gravel is gradually carried out at the foot of the mactine, leaving the gold mixed with a heavy fine bieck sand above the first cleets. The sand and gold mixed together are then drawn off through augur holes into a pap below; are dried in the sun, and afterwards feparated by biowing off the sand. A party of four men, thus employed at the lower mines, averaged $100 | @cey. The Indians, and thore who have nothing but p2us or willow barkete, gradually wash out the eur:h, and eeparate the gravel by band, leaving nothing but the gold mixed with rand, whic) is reparated in the manner before decribed, The gold in the lower mines is in fine bright ecales, of which | send several speci- mens As we ascended the south branch of the American firk, the countiy became more broken and mountain- our, end the raw mill, 25 miles above the lower wash- ings, or 50 miles from Sutter's, the hills rise to about a thousand feet above the level of the Sacramento plain. Here a rpecies of pine occurs, which led to the dis- In none of the branches of this department has the | Dusiness been so much augmented asin the Pension | Burewu. The number of iuvalid pensioners bas in- | eressed, during the last year, six hundred and ninety. | one; the whole number On the list is three thousand one bundred and twenty-six More than sixty thousand claims have been prerent- ea under the act of the ilth of Febraary, 1817, for | bounty land and treasury scrip About forty thou- tand of them have been acted on and allowed, twenty thourand are now pending, and it is estimated that | there are forty thourand yet to be presented. Great efforts have been made to despatch these applications. | and about two hundred and fifty are daily investigated and parted. Fer the details of che businees in tho | Pension Office, | respectfully refer you to the report of tbe Commiseicner A comprebensive aud interesting view of our Indian | Telations will be found in the report of the Commis. | toner of Indian Affairs. The removal of the tribes to | the country cet apart for them, west of the Mississippi | river, has separated nearly ail tho-e who resided with- | in the limits of the States from the unwholesome in- | fluences resulting from a contact with the white popu- lation, and afforded an opportunity to the goverament | toenforce the necessary measures for civilizing and improving them. The wisdom of our policy in regard. to the Indians is vindicated by the good effects which it has produced, and particularly by the higher de- gree of improvement among those whe first removed to the country assigned to them | During the last year, our emigrants have expe- rienced less annoyance than at any former period from the Indians on the Mirsouri frontier, and the @ifficulties among themeelven and with our citizens have been Jess frequent This favorable chaogs in their conduct is to be mainly ascribed to the judicious control exercited over thelr annuities, and to the | helding of them liable to be used to compensate for | mages resulting from their lawless aggressions, as Well upon ¢ach other as vpon onrown citizens. An important treaty has been recen‘ly negotiated by the Commirsioner of Indian Affairs, in person, with the Menomonies. by which they have agreed to cede | all their jands in Wirconsin—about four millions of | res—aud to remove to the excellent country pro- cured for them ou the Upper Mississippi, adjoining that Of their old friends, the Winnebagoes, recently re- moved from jew. It ix rearonable to expect that the | and deeper. | mill of Sutter's was finished. | and below him covery of the gold. Capt Sutter feeling the great want of \umber, ecntracted in September last with a Mr. Marstali to build @ raw-mill at th place. Ic wi erected im thecourre of the past winter and sfrin; dam and race constructed; but when the water was le! on the wheel, the tail-race was found to be too narrow to permit the water to escape with sufficient rapidity. Mr. Mar+ball,to save labor, let the water directly into the race with astrong current, 69 as to wash it wider He effected his purpose, and a large bed of wud and gravel was cartied to the foot of the race. One day Mr. Marehail, as he was walking down Ue race to this deporite of mud, observed some glitt+r- ing particles atits upper edge; he gathered a few, ex- amined them, xad became ra'istied of their value. He then went to the fort, told Capt Sutter of his discovery, avd they agreed to keep it secret until a certain grist- It, however spreadlike magic. Remarkable success attended the labors cf the firrt explorers, and in afew weeks hun- dreds of men were drawn thither, At the time of my visit, but little more than three months after its fir-t dircovery, it was estimated that upwards of four thousand people were employed. At the mill there isa | five Aeporite or bank of gravel, which the people re- eprct as the property of Capt. Sutter, although he pre- fends to no right to it, and would be perfectly satiatied with the simple promice of a pre emption ou account of the mill which he bas built there at considerable cos’. Mr. Marshall was living neartbe mill. and in- formed me that many persons were employed above that they used the same machines as at the lower washings, and that their success was about the rame—ranging from one to three ounces of gold per man daily. This gold, too. is in scales a little coareer than those of the lower mines. From the mill Mr. Marshell guided me up the mountain on the oppo- site or north bank of the south fork, where, in the bed of mall streams or ravines, now dry, a great deal of coarse gold bas been found. J there saw several parties atywork, sll of whom were doing very well; a grea! many specimens were shown me, some as heavy as four or five ounces im weight, and | send three pieces label- led No 5. prerented by fr, Spence. You will per- ceive that some of the specimens aceompanyihg this, ho'd mechanically pieces of quartz; that the surface is Tough, and evidently moulded in the crevice of @ rock. ‘This gold cannot have been carried far by water, but must bave remained near where it was first deposited from the rock tbat once bound it. 1 inquired of interposing of there two tribes between the Sioux and | many if they bad encountered the metal in its Chippewas. and the establishment of a military post | in that region, will check, if not entirety prevent the inary hostilities ro frequent betweem the two a1 Jatter triber, arising from long cherished and invete- | rate feuds ‘The treaty with the Menomonies has, in efleet, extinguirbed the Indian title to the whole country rast of the Mississippi, south of Lake Supe- rior, which for along time has been regarded as an ob- ject not on)y of great importance to our own citizens, matrix, but in every instance they suid they had not; but that the gold was invariably mixed with warhed gravel, or lodged in the crevices of other rocks. Ail bore testimony that they had foand gold in greater or less quantities in the mumer- our small gullies or ravines that occur in that moua- tainovs region, On the 7th of July I left the mill, | aud crossed to a small stream emptying into the Aine- | Tican fork, three or four miles below the saw mill, I but erential to the welfare and prosperity of the | #truck the stream (now known as Weber's creek) at Indiars themselves. Within the four last years, eight important treaties | have been negotiated with different ludian tribes, by | whieh highly beneficial changes in their situation and | Sffvirs have been and will be: fected, and the U. States Sequired, at a cost of ouly $1,842,000, eighteen | million five hundred thouraud acres of land; about two million one hundred thor Deen arsigned to other tribes for their permanent rei den d two million vine hundred thousand are re- served for a similar purpore; leaving the remainder, thirteen million five hundred thousand acres, ready for immediate settlement and cultivation in the rapidiy growing States of Wiscorsin and lows. There is also 8 prospeotthat Mistissippi, as well as other States in which rome of the Choctaws still remain, will soon be freed from them. Measures for their emigration are in progress, under modified arrangements entered into Witt ip the last yesr, which promise orable result, ‘The law of 1847, giving additional authority to pre- Vent the introduction and sale of spirituous liquors in Indian country, and the stringent reguiations adopted by the department to, restrain this pernicious traffic, bave tensibiy diminished the amount of suffer- | img smong the frontier tribes arising from that Prolific source of evil; but an effectual cheek to it cannot be | applied, unless the Stater lying adjacent to the Indian country will co-operate in the miasure by restraining their citisens from bringing intoxicating liquors with- im the reach ofthe Indians. The pelicy of paying an- lly, and of distributing them pe re ita, bas bee tect resutte, tended by the happiest resuits. new regulations in regard to licenses to trade Indians, and the rigid supervision over the of thore to whom thie privilege bas been ranted. have put an end to many evils and abuses which formerly prevailed. and were highly detrimental to the intereste und welfare of the [ndians No rutject connected with our Indian affairs has s0 deeply interested the Department mueb of ite anxious solicitudes and attenti happy to be able to say tnat ance this caure have ecowned Peer e em AmOnE mort of the tribes which have | 0 nd become settled in the Indian eountry, | the dies: nt of education are beginning to be nid | they generally manifest « williogness to | with the g ment in diffusing these | The schools already established have a pupils, and preparations are m any new ones. | Much credit te } missionary societies of different Christian denominations for their aid and ¢ mteibes } tone to retain and joe the cause of education | | and eighty. | district #chools now in successful the various Indian tribes, and the | youths attending them. according celved ati the Department is tree d sighty-two—of which two | Hi dred *ix hundred and fif’y are males, and the re. —= ttn | thin two are fe alee | ge y ino! missionary aletier, ‘are well cond: ae nese facte alford | ted. that nearly all of our co. ‘and the most fontongerfbcs ake thplany advancing in olvilsation and on ‘Occasion for me to may, that for the highly | and at lies, eae cre o¢ the ment; and | trust it may not be impro- | ~~ Yubab. | ® erew for the sloop. | the wachings of Sunoi& Co. They had about thirty Indians employed, whom they pay in merchandise, ‘They were getting gold of # character similar to that found in the main fork, and doubtless in sufficieut quantities to satisfy them, J send you a small speci- wen, pretented by thiscompany, of their gold. From this point, we proceeded up tke stream about eight miles, where we found a great many people and in- dians—some engaged in the bed of the stream, and others in the emuil side valleys that putintoit. Thise | latter are exceedingly rich, and two ounces were con- sidered an ordinary yield for @ day’s work. A small gutter, not more than # hundred yards long, by four feet wide, and two or three feet deop. was poiated out tome as the one where two men— William J and Perry MeCoon—had, a short time before, obtained $17,000 worth of gold Capt Weber informed me thet he knew that there two men bad employed four white men and about a hundred Indians, and tl t the end of one week's work, they paid off their party, aud Jefe $10.0C0 worth of this gold Another small Tevive weerbown me, from which had been taken up- wards of $12,000 .worth of gold. Hundreds of rimiar ravines, to ail appearances, are as yet untouched 1 could not have credited these reports had | not een, in the abundance of the precious metal, evi- devee of their truth, Mr. Neigh, Commodore Stockton, bad been at work about three weeks in the nighborhood, and showed m and bottles over $2000 worth of god; Lyman. « getleman of education, credit, said he had been engaged a machine, on the American fork. jurt bsiow Sutter's mill; that they worked eight dayr, and ‘hat his share war al the rate of $50 8 day: but hearing that others were doing better at Weber's place, they had removed there, and were then on the point of resuming ope: tions. J might tell of hundreds of sim: but. to illustrate bow plentiful the gold in the pockets of common laborers, | will mention a simple oceurrenee which took ¢ in my presence when | ¥ Weber's store. This store was nothing put an srbor of bushes, ender which he bad exposed for sale goods and groceries suited to his customers. A man came in. picked up @ box of Seidlitz powders, aad asked its price. Capt Weber told him it was not for ale. The man cifered an ounce of gold, but Capt. Weber told him it only cost 50 cents, and he did not wish to seliit| The wan then offered an ounce and a half, when Capt Weber had to take it. The prices of all things are high, and yet Indians, who before hardly knew what @ breach cloth was, can now afford to buy the most gaudy dresres. The country on either side of Weber's creek is much broken ua by bilis, and is iatersected in every disection by Li streams or raviaes. which contain more cr lets gold. Thore thet have been worked are barely reratched, and alihough thousands of ounces have been carried away, | do not eonsider that ® sricus impression has beem made upon the whole. ry day was developing n richer deposi ‘ne only impression seemed to be, that the m uld be foi puch abundance as seriously to de. preciate im vi On the 6th july, I returned to the ‘lower mines, erdon the following day to Sutter's, where on the 10th | wasmakiog preparations for a vielt to the Fea- od Boar rivers, when I received @ letter United Stotes navy, wi from Mi Just arrived at San Frat that vessel to the squadron at Le Pas. Capt. Long wrote to me the Nexiosn Congress had adjourned without ratifying the treaty of peace; that he had let- ters for me Commodore Jones, aud that his orders were to rail with the Warren om or before the 20th of July. Inconsequence of these, I determiued to re- turn to Monterey, and sccordingly arrived here on the 17th of July. Before Sutter's, 1 satistied mytelf that gold existed in the bed of the Feather river, in the Yubsh acd Bear, and in byoes of the small stresms that lie between the latterand the American fork; also, that it had been found in the Cosummes to the south of the American fork. In each of these streams the gold is found in small scules, whereas in the intervening movnti occurs in coarser lumps. Mr. Sinclair, whese rancho is three miles above Sut- ter’s on the north side of the American. employs about 60 Indi m the north fork, not far from its junction with the stream. He bad nm engaged at five weeks when leaw him, and up to that time Indians had used simply closely woven willow barket His net proceeds (nich I sew) were about $16,009 worth of gold. He showed me the proceeds of his last week's work—fourteem pounds avoirdupois of clean- wosbed gold. ‘The principal store at Sutter's fort, that of Brannan & Co,, had received im payment for goods 000 (worth of this gold) from the Ist of May to the 10th ot July. Other merchants had also made exte: Large quantiti were daily sent forward to the mines, as the Indians, heretofore s0 poor and de- graded. have suddenly become consumersof the laxu- Ties of life. 1 before mentioned that the greater part of the farmers and rancberos bad abandoned their fields to go tothe mines. This is not the case with Captain Sutter, who was carefully gathering his wheat, estimated at 40,000 bushels. Flour is already 86a barrel, and soon will be fifty. jarge quantities of breadstuff reach the country. much suffering will occur; but a8 each man is now je to pay a large price, it is believed the merchants will bring from Chili and Oregon a plentiful supply for the coming wir ter. ‘The mcet moderateestimate I could obtain from mon acquainted with the subject, was, that upwards of four thousand men were working in the gold district. of whom more than one-half were Indians; and that from $80 000 to $50,000 worth of gold, if not more, was daily obtained. The entire gold district, with very few exceptions of grants madesome years ago by the Mexican authorities, is on land belonging to the United States. It was a matter of serious refivction with me, how I could secure to the government certain rents or fees for the privilege of precuring this gold; but upon considering the large extent of country, the character of the people engaged, and the small scattered force at my command, | resolved not to interfere but to permit all to werk freely, unless broils and crime should call for interference. I was eurprited to learn that crime of avy kind was very unfrequent, and that no thefts or robberies had been committed in the gold district. All live in tents,im bush arbors, or in the open air; and men have frequentiy about their persons thou- rands of dollars worth of this gold, and it was to me a matter of surprise that so peaceful and quiet a state of things should continue to exist. Conflicting claims to perticular spots of ground may cause collisions, but they will be rafe, as the extent of country is so great, and the gold ro abundant, that for the present there is room and enough for all. Still the government is en- titled to rents for this land, and immediate steps should be devised to collect them, for the longer it is delayed the more difficult it will become. One plan | would suggest is, to send out, from the United States, surveyors, with high salaries, bound to serve specified eriods. Pe superintendent to be appointed at Sutter's fort, with power to grant licenses to work a spot of ground, sxy 100 yards rquare, for one year, at arent of from 100 to 1.000 doliars, at his discretion; the surveyors to measure the ground, and place the rentor in posses- sion. A better plan, however, will be to have the district surveyed apd sold at public auction to the highest bid- der, in email parcele, fay trom 20 to 40 acres. In either cage, there will be many intruders, whom for years it Will be almost impossible to exclude. ‘The discovery of there vast deposites of gold has en- tirely changed the character of Upper California. Its people, before engaged In cultivating their smal patcbes an asent of | of ground. and guarding their herds of cattle and horses, have ail gone to the mines, or are on their way thither. Laborers of every trade have left their work benches, and tradesmen theirsthops Sailors desert their ships as fast ag they arrive on the coast, and se- yeral vearels have gone to sea with hardly enough bands to tpread @sail, Two or three are now at an- cher in San Francisco with no crew on board. Many Gerertiors, too, have taken piace from the (gar sons within the influence of these mines; twenty-six soldiers have deserted from the post of Senoma, twen ty four from that of San Francisco, and twenty-four trom Monterey. For. a few days the evil appeared s0 threatening, thet great danger existed that the garri- S088 would leave ina body; and [refer you to my order of the 25th of July, to show the steps adopted to meet this contingency. I shall spare mo exer.ions to apprehend and punich deserters, but I believe, no time in the history of our country has pre- tented such temptations, to desert as now exist in California. The danger of apprehension is small, and the prospect of high wages certain; pay and boun- ties are trifles, as laboring men st the mines can now earn in ore day more than double a soldier's pay snd allowances for ‘a month; and even the pay of a lieute. pant or captain cannot hire a servant. A carpenter or mechanic would not listen to an oifer of less than fifteen or twenty dollars a day. Could any combina. tion of affairs try a man’s fidelity more than this? and I really think some extraordinary mark of favor should be given to those soldiers who remain faithful to their fieg Uroughout this tempting crisis. No officer can now hive in California on his pay, money has so little value; the prices of neces ary articles of clothing and tubsistence are so exorbitant and labor eo high, that to hire a cook or servant has become an impossibility, save to those who are earning from thirty to fifty dol- larsaday. This state of things caunot last for ever. Yet from the geographical position of California, and the new character itbas assumed as a mining country, prices of labor will always be high. and will hold out temptations to derert. | therefore have to report, if the government wish to prevent desertions here on the part of mep, and to secure zeal on the part of officers, their pay must be increased very materially, Soidii both of the volunteer and regular servic discharged in this country, should be permitted at orce to locate their land warrants inthe gold district. Many private letters have gone to the United States giving accounts of the vat quantity of gold recently discovered, and it may be a matter of surprise why | ave made no report om this subject at an eariier date. ‘The reason is. that { could nst bring myself to be- lieve the reports that I heard of the wealth of the gold district until I visited it myself. 1 have nohesitation now in raying that there is more gold in the country drained by the Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers n will pay the cost of the present war with Mexico abundres times over, No capital is required to ob tain this gold. as the laboring men wants nothing bat bir Cp apa hovel and tio pan, with which to dig and wath the gravel ; and many frequently pick gold out of the crevices of rocks with their butcher knives, in pieces from one to Fix ounces. Mr. Dye, a gentleman residing in Monterey, and Worthy of every credit, bas just returned from Feather river. He tells me that the company to which he be- longed, worked seven weeks and two days, with an ave- rage of fitty Indians, (waehers.) and that theie gross gold. His bare penées, is about thirty-seven pounds, which he brought with him, and exbibited in Montery. I see no laboring man from the mines who does not show his two, three or four pounde of gold. A soldier of the Artillery com pany returned bere. a few days ago, from the imines, paving been abeent, on furlough, twenty days. He made, by trading and working during that time, $1,500 During there twenty deys, be. was travelling ten or eleven daye, leaving but eum of money greater than he receives in pay, clothes, and rations, during a whole enlistment of five years. — There statements appear incredible, but they are trae Gold is algo believed to exist on the eastern slo-e of the Sterra Navad formed by an intelligent Mormon that it had been found near the Great salt Lake by some ot his frater- pity, Nearly all the Mormons are leaving California, to go to the Salt Lake; and this they surely would not same abundance as they now do on the Sacramento. The gold “ placer” near the mission of San Fernando has loug been known, but has been little wrought tor tof water. This is in @ spur that puts off fom the Sierra Nevada, (see Fremont’s map ) the same in which the present mines reason to believe, that in the intervening spaces of five hundred miles (entirely umexplored) there mui muny bidden and rich deposites. is now eubstituted as the currency of this country; in | trade it pases freely at $10 per ounce; as an atticie of commerce its value ia pot yet fixed.” The only pur- chase I made war of the specimen No 7, which | got of eligh at $12 the ounce. That is about the pre- carb value in the country, although it bas been sold for less. The great demand for goods and provi- | fons made by this eudden development of wealth has | Iwereared the amount of commerce at San Francisco very much, and it will continue to increase. rome eligible pot of the bay of San Francisco; aud that machinery, and all the necersary apparatus and workmen ; be sentout by sen These workmen must be bound ‘by Ligh wages, and even bonds, to secure their faithful services, else the whole plan may be srurtrated by their going to the mines as soon as they arrive in California, $f this course be not adopted, gold to the amount of many millions of doliars will pars yearly to other countries, to enrich their mer- ebants and capi efore leaving the subject of | mines! will mention, that on my return from the Sacramento, | touched ew Almoder, the quicksilver mine of Mr. Alexander Forbes, consul of her Britannic Mojesty at Tepic. This mine is ia a apur of mountains 1,000 feet above the level of the bay of San Francisco, and ir dirtant in a southern direction from the Paeblo de San Joré abeut 12 wiles. The ore (cinnabar) o0- curs tn @ large vein dipping at a strong angle to the hor'zon, Mexican miners are employed in. working it by driving shafts and galleries about 6 feet by 7, fol- lowing the vein. ‘The freymenta cf rock and ore are removed on the back of Indians.in rawhide sacks, The ore is then bevled in an ox-wagon, from the mouth of the mine, down to a valley well supptied with wood and water, in which the furpaces are rituated. The fornaces are of the simplest construction, exactly likely a common bake-oven, in the crown of which ia insert er's trying: kettl lid. From a hole to Ul brick channel leads in the bottom of whieh This chamber has « cbimpey. In the morning ofeach day the kettles are filled with the mineral (broken in email pieces) mixed with lime ; Gre in then applied and kept up all day. The mercury ie volatilized pusres Into the obamber, is condensed on the # des and bottom of the cbamber. and flows into the pot prepared for it. No water is msed to condente the mereury ing « vieit I made last sprin i Mr. Walkin w, the his mine, telle me that vein is im- proving, and that he can effori to keep his people em- loyed even in there extraordinary times, ‘Chix mine ‘very valuable of itself, becomes the more 60 as product was two hundred and seventy-three pounds of | (one-seventh,) after paying allex- | week, tn which be made a | occur, There is, therefore, every | be:| The * placer” gold | 1 would recommend that & mint be established at | | | and when at the mines, [| wasin- | | | mercury is extensively used in obtaining gold. It fe pot at prerent used in Catifornia for that purpote, bat will be at rome future time. When I was at last spring, other p for veins: but floge bave been di woth fol owing up, although the earth in that range of hills is highly discolered, indicating the pre- renee of thisore. | se veautiful specimecs, roperly labelled. The smount of quicksilver ia Mr. Forbe's vats on the lfth of July was about 2 500 lbs, 1 enclore you herewith sketches of the country through whigh | passed, indicating the position of the mines and ography of the country im the vici- nity of thore a. Some of th imens of gold accompanying this were prerented mission to the department by gentlemen named below. The numbers on the topographical sketch corresponding to the labels of the rasptot ive specimens, ehow from what part of the gold region they were obtained. 2 Captain J. A. Sutter. Jobn Sinclair. 3. W. Glover, R.C. Kirby, Ira Blanchard, Levi Fi- field, Franklin H. Arynes, Mormon digging 4. Charles Weber. 5. Robert Spence. 6. Sunol & Co. 7. Robert D. Neligh. 8. © E, Picket, American Fork Columa. 9. E. C, Kemble. 10. T. H. Green, from San Fernando, near Los Ange- los. A.2on, purchased from Mr. Neligh. B. Savd found in washing gold, which contains small particles. 11. Captain Frisbie, Dry diggings, Weber’s creek. 12, Consumne 13. Consumnes, Hartwell’s ranch. Ihave the honor to be your most obedient servant, R B, MAS Colonel Ist Dragoons, Commanding. Brigadier General R. Joxes, #djutant General U.S. A., Washington, D. C. Norx.—The original letter of which this is a copy, was sent to itsaddrees, in charge of Licut L, Loeser, 3d artillery, bearer of despatches who sailed in the schooner Lambayecava, from Monte Tey, August 3), 1848, bound for Payta, Peru. Lieut,’ Losser beara, in tddition to ‘the speormens mentioned in the foregoing letter, a teacaddy containing two hundred aud thirty onuces, fifteen npyweigh's, and nie grains of gold. This yurchased at Ean‘ Fran isco, by my ordet, att ie sent to you the gold obtained frm the mines of Sacrams) ooming from the various parts of the go d dil R. B. MASON, Colonel Ist Dragoons, Commanding, Heapquanrens l0rn Mir, Deranrarnr, Monterey, (Cal.,) Sept. 10, 1848, THIRTIETH CONGRESS. SECOND SESSION. Senate. S Wasnincton, Deo. 6, 1848, DEBATE ON THE ELECTION OF CHAPLAIN, ETC. Continuation of Indian summer weather. Prayer. Vice President calls to order, Journ Mr. Upham re-elected to the Senate, for six years, from Vermont, had bis credentials presented. Various private papers withdrawn from the files, Several reports of depart- mente prerented, Resolution from the House agreed to, providing for the election of chaplains. ; Mr Cameron moved to proceed now to the election ofa Chaplain, for the Senate. , Divirion asked—16 to 12 No quorum voting. Mr. Kinc—1 would suggest that we postpone the election till one o'clock. Mr. Dayrox—Why not postpone it tillfto-morrow ? Mr, Hark—1 should prefer to postpone thy election until we bave something like @ full Senate. Mr. Kinc—If we do not go into the election to-day we chali rot be able to do so to-morrow, nor until Mon- day, for we have other duties, of which the Senator is aware, which will occupy the residue of this week. Mr, Cameron—I should much prefer that we elect the cbaplain to-day. Mr. Hare—I understand that the chaplain of the last seesion will continue to discharge the duties of that office, until a new chap'ain is elected, We can, therefore, postpone the election till Monday, if neces- sary. Ne. Kixa—I wonld prefer, sir, that the election be had to-day at one o’clock. Question taken by a division, 16 to 13—no quoram voting— 81 being a majority of the whole Senate Mr. Davtox—I move that the Senate adjourn. (“Divide,’’ “ divide.” Division taxen—13 to 15. Lost.) Mr. Doverass—Mr. President, is there a quorum present ? The Parerpext—No quorum present. Mr. Dovc1sss—No business is then in order. The Cuain —No business is in order, except amotion to adjourn. Mr. Hace—I move that the Senate adjourn. Question taken, viza voce, ‘The ayes appear to have it, The ayes heaved The Senate stands adjourned till to-morrow at twelve o'clock. House of Representatives. Wasuinoron, Dec. 6, 1348, ELECTION OF CHAPLAIN. Immediately after the jou-nal was read, three or four gentlemen sprung to their feet, calling out “Mr. Spea- ker,” in the hope of being recognized. The floor was assigned to Mr. Rockwe tt, of Connecticut, who made a motion that tne House proceed to the elestion of a chaplain; and it was agreed to. ‘The Sreaken having stated that nominations were now in oréer, Mr. Po.iock nominated the Rey. R. R. Gurley, (old school Presbyierias) and the chaplain during the former ression. Mr Lorn nominated the Rey, Orville Dewey, (Uni- tarian ) Megsers. Pollock, Lord, and Rockwell, were appointed tellers, The roll was called, and each member answered, “Gurley.” or “Dewey,”’ according to his preference. Finally the result was announced, vi Whole number of votes. ..... Neceteary to a choice... Of which Mr. Gury received. “ Mr Dewey. « Mr. Cushman. (Baptist). Mr. Gurley having received a m: \jori yo votes, was declared duly elected chapiain to the House for the present session. aM ICAN SYMPATHIZERS IN IRELAND, Mr. Wentworn asked leave to submit a resolution which was read for information, viz: That the Presi- dent of the United States inform this House whether he has received any information relative tothe arrest or imprisonment of American citizens in the province of Ireland, by order of the British government. If so, that he state the causes of the ari nd imprison- ments. And, if he does not deem it inconsistent with the public interests, that he inform the House what steps bave been (aken for cheir release; and that he likewise furnish copies of any correspondence which may have taken piace between the United States go- yernment and that of Great Britain. ‘The Srraken—If there be no objection, the quesiion will be taken on the adoption of the resolution. Mr. Hupson (bustily risinc)—I object to the intro- duction ofall matters out of order. The only way to tranrect the public business properly, is to confine ourselves to the rules. Mr. Wentwortn—I belleve the resolution will be in order after it lies over one day. ‘The Srraken —It willlie overas the rule directs, Mr Hameron, of Pennsylvania—I wish to give no- tice ef the introduction of a bill. Mr. Hupson—I object to the introduction of notices out of order. OREGON—THE PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE. The Sreaxen—The Houee will remember thst, at the last restion, a mesnege was received from the Pre-ident of the United States, but, being on the eve of adjourn- ment, thei wes not time to present it to the House, If there be no objection, it will now be laid before the Hi jour ‘The Crrnx began to read the message, when he was interrupted by Mr. Kauréax. who moved that the reading be dis- pensed with. [' Whatisit about?” “Oregon” “Is that the message in which the President justifies him- relf for signing the Wilmot proviso?” “tis.” “ Oh, then don’t read it.” “ Ha. ha!) ‘The motion was agreed to, and the message was or- dered to lie on the table and be printed. [A mereage wus received from the Senate, stating do, unlers they were sure of finding go.d there in the | that they had sgreed to the joint resolution for the election of cbapialos Several ex:cutive communications were laid before the Houre by the Speaker, with respect to certain ne- cessary objects of appropriation, treasurer's accounts, and one from N. P. Trist, in relation to the charges of crime preferred by him against the Prosi- dent of the United States, which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs, to whom the subject was entrusted during the former session. Mr. Conn. of Georgia, moved that the House do now adjourn. [' Yes, levs adjourn.” “ The Senate's journed,” + No, no—we can do some business ‘dsy.”’) ‘The Sreaxen, after counting, announced that there were rixty-four in the affirmative Mr. Gort called for the yeas and nays; but only nineteen gentlemen were in favor of exhibiting their names to the country. The Srraken—Not @ sufficient number, Mr. Wextwoxtn—Count the other side The Srraxex did 60, and snuounced 128in the neza- tive, So the yeas and pays were not ordered; the constitution requiring one-fifth to give their assent, He then counted the number against adjournment 63. And when the decision was made, fi proporition, (a majority of one,) loud laughter went up, and the members went out ofthe hall This was at a quarter to one o’clock, after a session of forty-five minutes. rable to the Wasninoron, Deo. 6, 1848, Congres ‘The Senate did not succeed in ting a chaplain to-day. for want ef quorum, although there are forty- five Senators preeent in the city, Mr. Dallas made his first appearance in the Senate yesterday, not being present on the opening on Mon- day, from detention, we suppose, in Philadelphia, on account of the divorce case of Butler vs, Butler. Mr- Dallas, however, can be excused one day, for no man among bis predecersors, wo dare ray, hae more faith- fully attended to the duties of his office, as President of the Senate, than be. The desth of Hon. Dixon H. Lewis, and Hon. Mr Sime, of th Carolina, during the interregnum, will occupy, in the urual obsequies, the residue of the week. ircm an intimation thrown out in the Senate by Mr. King, to day ‘The impreesion gains ground that Gen. Caas will be returned to the Sen nd with the condition, not- withrtanding the “Nicholson Jetter,”’ that he is to vote the Wilmot proviso, Whether the “change that bar been going on in the public mind” will jontity the faliing back cf the General upon his original position, remains to beteen, We suppore, however, that ifGen, Cae orrente, he will be returned wil it the exection of the proviro pledge, and in that event it is probable the South will bave ove vote fr she North at least, Senth may be nicel; with regard to Rew Meaico, beceose that, people have erkea the ex- orion of slavery; and with regard to California, by mitting it asaState; in which case the question elayery will be lett to fi ¢ discretion of raid State, This latter expedient may possibly pars the Senate, but from the temper of the proviso advocates, it will promptly be intercepted in the Houre, and a territo- rial government insisted upon for Califor explicit interdi: t against the institution of it is understood that if the recommend his acceptance plas e Cabinet, he will become the Attorney Geaeral, and that if they wish him to remain Governor of the State through the term of his election, he will obey The probabilities are in favor of the Cabinet, becsuse, in that event two goed whigs from Kentucky may be pro- vided for; whereas, 1f Mr. Crittenden be returned to the #®nate, some other State may get the place desig- nated for him in the Cabinet. There is some talk of Mr. Clay’s being returned, but suspect th Ashland ia sufficiently disgusted with public to Tefure all apologies that can now be offered for his late derertio: ‘The weather continues as mild and balmy as the month of May. Tue Ricnes or Cattrornia,—The Washing- ton Union, in reply to a cotemporary who ridicules the accounts of great discoveries of mineral wealth in it certain that the ion of the mineral treasures of C that there is an interesting manuscript now in this oity, written in the Spanish language fifty. three years ago, (1795,) by an agent of one of the viceroys of Spain, who refers to the reports of immense quantities of gold, nilver, and quicksilver in Califurnia, which the fear of Indiaus had prevented their investigating and working. This uscript now exists in our archives, derived from most attentive and respectable source, and we are promired a translation of some curious passages from ittor the Uni —_— Died, On the 7th inst., Danret Sweeny, Senr, in the 74th year of hi is Bis funeral will take place from No. 66 Chatham street, the th inet, at half-pust 2 o'clock P.M. His fri ‘and those of his son Daniel, are re pectfully invited to attend without further in- vitation, His body will be interred at First avenue aad Eleventh street Com: tery. On Thnrsi xy morning, the 7th inst, Heveierr A S. daughter of Eugene Fabrequettes tilt, aged two years and pine wonths, ‘The irievde of the frmily are respectiully iuvited to attend the fnneral at two o'clock this (Friday) afternoon, from the residence of Ler fatter, 2 Walker stree On the 7th inst,, Wat, Henry Goprrey, son of Squire N. and Hanrah Godfrey, oged five months. Hisavd her relatives and friends are invited to attond his funeral, from his late residence, $39 Broome street, this day, at 3 o'clock inesday night, Deo, 6, Mr. Huwny McKee, aged 32 years, of influenza, His friends and relaticns, and the members of Uaited Brothers Lodge, No, 3, U. A. O. D,, are reepectiully invited to attend his fe jay afternoon, Dec, bth, at 3 o'clock, er of Hammond and Wert stree ‘On Thursday morning, 7th mst, of a lingering illness, Parnick McDon aun, aged 48 years, and friends of the family, and those of his brother ire requested to attend his faneral this (Friday) o'clock, from his late residence, No, 176 Mulberry 7th inst. Saran, wife of Samuel Barclay, in re, a friends of the family, also the members of the Reformed Presbyterian Church, are respectfully invited to at tend her fun: ra}, from her late residence, 23 Dey. street, this day, Bi t 1 o'clock, without further invitation. quaintances of the Inte Jomw IN sand William, are respoct/nily invited to ice, at No. sex street, Jersey City, on Saturday next, the 9th inst, at 13 M. His remains ‘will be interred at Trinity Cemetery, from his lave re- the 43d year of ‘The relatives am MARITIME INTELLIGS SHIP NEWS NOTICE. Commanders of vessels bound to this ghd will con- fer a favor upon us by having sil is, papers, and reports, intended for the New York Herald, read immediate delivery to our news steamer, the News Boy. She will board inward bound vessels in the vi- cinity of Sandy Hook. Those bound to other ports, whether forsigh or domestic, will confer on additonal favor by forwarding to the Herald, through the mall or otherwies, ship news or papers that may be deemed of interest to the community. We will gladly recipro- ate the favor. Port of New York, December 8, 1848, 725 455 Clearea. US Mail etcamship Oregon, Pearson, Valparaiso, &c, Pacific Mail Company. Ships—ashburtor, (pkt. & Co; American Eagte. (pkt) Downe, London, J Griswold; Fore rester, Parker, Marseilles, John Ggden; Atlos, Homan, Liverpool, Slate Gardner & Bowell; Hartford, Sannerman, Savannah, Dun- ham & Dimon. a Ba; eageree. Tuley, New Orleans; Pilgrim, Williams,jMo- bile, uribut & Co, Brigs—Les Deux Freres, (Fr) Al'ard, Havre, E Feidler; Rein deer, Doyle, Curacca, Foster & Niel erson. ‘Soh i I Mores & Bros; Sy!- MOON SETS. ..., HIGH WATER, Bunting, Liverpool, Grinnell Minturn elie Fraucisca, Martin, Vera Ci vester Gessner, Kora, Peuracola, Jas Hand; Hamilton, Dayton, Alexandria, Re. Stargeat Jearman & Co; Michigan, Terry, Balti: more; J B & SF Sleight do; Grace Darling, Bartlett, Philadel- Phin; Olivia & Virginia, Orden, do, Sloop—Report, Luthil!, Froviderce, Arrivea. , Ship Star Republic, Norris, Galveston, 14 days, with cotton, &e to Hurtey & Murray. 5 Ship Palestize, Johnson, New Orleans, Nov 24, with mdse, to Frost & Hicks. a Ann, Cheever, Manila, Jane 25, passed Anjier Aug h mdae, tod H Williams, Passed July 6th, at anchor, Octavia, of New Besford. 19th ult, lat 2245, lon rt. from Der ira; same day, exchan ig, showing a signal with letters B'V in tho Sth ul iat 30.66, low 72 36, moke ship oston for Now Orleans, same day, exobange standing SW, aigual with the Bame of Lou. Bark Horatio, Boutelle, Cardiff, W, 36 days, with railroad iron, to Davie, Brovks & Co. Has experienced heavy weather during the pastage, eprung alenk, and had to heave overboard part of the cargo, “Brig Kingeton, (of Baltimore) Bailey, Cork, 27 days, in ballast and 106 passengei 8 to order - Brig Coi Tayio ‘idler, Mayaguez, PR, 18 days, with molasees dum, te Macon & Thom psen. ¥; in Sydney, CB, 13 days, with Brig Stephen G_ Bass, Winches cecal. to Smith & Boynton. Machine, 10 deye, with Inmber, to master, , Glading, Boston, 7 days, ia ballast, to A Schr 8K Jackson, Crummles, St John, Fla, 7 days, with yellow Tine. to Gilehsist. & Co, Schr Amazon, Sears, Norfolk 8 days hound to Dennis, Bebr William’& Sydney, Kelly, Norfolk, 2 days, Schr Delaware Farmer, Stohely, Baiti uore, 4 days. Lohr Westover, Dodge, Richmond, 4 dey: fchr Dacetah, Smith, Brandywine, 2 a Schr E A Stevens, Bacon, Alrany tor Biston, Schr 8 D failey, Bartwell, Garciner, Me, 8 days, with lumber, bound to Baltimore. On off Mowtank, during a galo from BSE, sprung the forgmast and etove hoat—put in for a new mast, Ler rJsxe Eliza, (ot Surrey) Horton, Calais, ir Burd, Brown omaston, Schr American Belle Baxter, Boston, Schr Owrah, Smoll, Kingston. Rcbr Pomona, King, New Bedford. Schr Wiilism, Bibzen, New London, 2 daya, Schr Mary H Williams, Compton, New Haven, Schr Shat Water, Smith, Connecticut River. At Biker's Island— A large brig. BSailed. Ship St Lawrence, Savannah; brig Cyclops, Charleston. Sreamsnip Oregon, for California, has anchored at Quarantine, detained by feg, Tho News Roy left the Light Ship Inet night at dark, very thiok, no vessels in sight. Spoke in the Hetee Shoe, sour Francis Payne, from Boston fur Norfo'k—put in for a harbor. 2 outward boun ships wre at anchor in the bay, detained by adverse winds, Drowwnen 7—Wind, at sunrise, NE; meridian, NE; sunsob E, with fog. = Two brigs, unknown. [Pea Srramsure Berransra.) DAM, Nov 9—Arr Fosca Helena, Portenge, (late Post) n tis, Foster, Havant ay Harris. Bexvasr, Nov 9—Sid klvira Morrison, Finlay burg, Mat York (latter botore reported BORDEAUX, Nov 3~8!d from the Konds, Banna, New Orloans; 12th, Ovando, Cousins, du: Ade! water, NYork. Ady Fredk Warren, Arthemise, and #t Washing- ton, for NOrleeng; Hore. Pallas, and Prescott, for NYork, Baisror, Nov ¥—Sld Sir Henry Pottinger, Crowell, NOrleans; Springfield, Rov, Savannsh Arr Garonne, Cristoffers, New York. In the Roacs, iUuh, outward bound, Crocus, Stardivant tor —. C1yps, Nov 9—Sld Conrad, Burciay, Mobile; 11th, Sarah, Wile NYork; 12th, Aberorombis, Loutiit, NOrleans the Cuvny, ig, Ceylon, aad Aun Harvey, for NYort; Tad. . tor Savanrah, Cronsranr, Nov7—Barks Almado, Bartlett, from Havana, arr Vet 4%, unc; Cuba, Bs rd, from Malaga, are 6th, do. Sid Ist, bark Prince eed, Bordeaux; Savannali, Lunt, Elsinour; Sd, big Fame, Shaw, do. Canpiry, Nov 13—Are Bartell, Mntyre, London. (80 Mie crllaneous Duwi, Nov 12—Arr Thos Wright, Farren, NYork. Sid 11th, Surinem, Whitty, do. Doven, Nov il—Arr Gazelle, Johns, Charleston for Rotterdam. ‘Arr Agent, Milla, London for New Orleans ‘same day); 12th, Lord Wellington, Wingland, Hull, for }, Emprere, Scott, London, for N York; Leander, Sy- for Savannah; Jane Giand, Kellar, do for Norfolk or 3 Orleans. (wud ali same day); 14th, Houry,——, Bremen, for New Orlear E.usning Roans, Nov 9—Sld Constellation, Flitner, New Or- Jeane; 10ch, Hull, Patuar, N York; Peter Hattrick, Rockwell, do; 12th, Garret, Oven, (from Anty. op) Matanzas. xObkERcek, Nov M—Sld Romulus, Duthie, and Corsair, Akitt cw Orleans Grascow, Noy 11—Sld Ada, Watson, Savanttah; 13th, Elijah Swit Lewis, N Yorks 14th I sel. 1th, Vol es Haver, Nov, 15—No arrivals from tho United States, Sid 18th, Mean BY 'Howalle Bailey,’ New: Orleann, Cushelot Equi do, "Advertised, St Nicholas, Eveleigh for New York 16ch; My: toista (Fr), Foil’ot, do 28th; United States (8) Haokstall, do Slats Duc @Uriears, Forking, for New Or'eans soov; Pie IX (Fr) Gujgnot, do do; Gironde (tr) Riper 2 wiv ko, Nov 9—BI n ke. NYork; 13th, Francynia, H: ‘Nov 8—Arr Chickasaw, Canfield, Rl ‘Nov 10—Arr Dunti Mi Is, Norn: nah, DON DERRY, Nov ¢- rd, Vhiledepht Unicorn, eth, Superior, Mi » NOrleans. Lerru. Nov 1l—Arr John Carver, Nichols, James River, Sld th, Matilda, Wright, Charleston; ‘14th, Margaret Scott, Jamo- Nov )—Arr Norden, Bergenstrahl, NYork. at ng Stensn- phin; Caleb Grim (+) Ryrie, Boston Ist, Balifax imore 16th, Yerk, Rey, NOrleans; NYork. Failed 11th, Haidee, Soule, and Herald, Auld, NOrleans; 12th, Wycmire, Micrcken, Frnidageip ni: ‘Obie, Clark, and Chaos, Os: trom. NYork; 13th, Sheridan, ish, do; Alexi delplia; 14th, Montreal, Chase, and §) York; Dublip, Sholteld, Mobile; Manchester, Migying, Baltimore; Ltn, Salem, Gilson aid Kiby, Carter, NOrlean: Blake, Armstrong, orantum. Lord, Boston. tid 12th, Milicete, river Itth, outward beund, Chancellor, Dadne, for Ne Uri ston; Sobattia, Ward, tor Noi ston; Monterama, Lowber, BYork, 11th, David Lege, Logan, Mobile; 15th, Grampian, Graham 8th. Charlotte. Harrison, Ubarieson; Onceola, NOr- in Que nd Lord Ashbnrt’ n, do; §t Patrick, Water. Yorty Gin nd Ningars, do, jor ig 14 b, Grrencek, and Birkenhead Mobile; Senator, NY ork; 161, Jaro, Finlay. Philacelphi.; JH Shepherd, Ain Ket 16uh, Nout tk, Rogers Beton: Ann Dashwéad, N jot Jessie, Ford, Ayalachiools; Clyde, Challenge, Gounachie, NUrleans; Jenny . He vite ¢ Fer brin, Tansie is 200, do do; Ehens ndoah, do Deo 1; J a ‘Tuskar, Chapman,’ Geant Roath fons I, Chase, do 2let; Ferorey lo Jana H Glidden, Child, ané_Tutrinsic, W’Kay, Virginia, Sale- Vurs, and Ld Sandon, Welsh, do 26th. in port lig, Harvest for Baltimore; Pras Alice, for Char- ‘on; Mearne, for Movile; Jno Garrow, Argo, and Margaret, for Orlane; Sir Barry Smith, Charlotte, Naomi, and Caleb Grim- thaw, for N York; Roe, for Philade!phix, Loh pox; Nov Mi—Cld Jane Bland, Killea N Orleana, In port, lig, Movelle, Somerby, N Orlesns; Brothers. Baxter, Boston; Clo- tha, for Chath ston: and the packets for N York, Lrauony, Rowell, repg and recoppering: barks Chase, Chase, for 8 Or'eans, abt Deo 10; Miltiates, ¥ for New York, about Nov 26; Lolland, (Nor) Neilsson, fm do, 30, ALTA, Deo 2—Bark Susan Jane, Prior, from Smyrna for Bos ton, repairing to eailin about three weeks Sailed 24, barque Catelpa, Watson, (from Smyrna) Boston ; barque Tonia, from Smyrna fir Boston, called off the port 1st, took is wenger, and 4: bark Griffon, Merston, troy na for New York, was off t Ist a 2d. One account! three vesre's sailed within six hours of each other, MALAGA NoA7—Brigs Jane, Pieroo, for New York, ready; Erato, Townsend, for de next day; sch Geo H Mont-gus, Mon» tagne, from dc, (about Oct L1) just arr, Sli about 6th, bark Su 0. Msenin a Des 2—Barks Phil York; Ralph Cross, 0 2—Barks Philona Sanford, N Yor Glover, Philadelphia; brig Ann Maris, Smith, Bos! wi ‘Arr at do, Oct 22, barque New orld, Crowell, Wat probsbly sailed previous to 20 ult for some othe Tport MaRsei.iys Nov 12~In port, chips Trenton, Saow, for York, Deo 6; Cato, Wilner, for NO-leans, 6 or 7 Slo Lita, brig Trenton, Pitman, Palermo. Nanrxs, Nov 12—In port, Cyclope. for NYork, Berenene, Nov 13—Arr Comore, Scudder, London, to load for javana, Porrssourn, Nov 16—Arr Northumberland, Hammond, from. London for NYork. Sid 14th, Quarry Mans, Jones, Charleston, Paverno, Oct 20-- Barks Mingan Dix, Small, fm Genoa and Bpezzia, for Boston on or before rick. for N York abont Nov 16; G in, Coll do: Apollo, Hoodless, from Ger Spauld are supposed for N Yor Al fen. from Genon, ju for N Orlean: utian barke Franceska, do: brigs Caroline, do, Pietro, for x port in the Uni OTTRKDAM, Nov l4—Gen ¥ ashinston, Lowe, for NOrleang, ready, In port Idth, brigs Chathain, Huffington, for Boston, wig wind: Malvina, (Dutch) Berghius, do do, piocumie Noy M—Bark Arthur Pickering, Nickerson, for oston, 1st? pSitmanprox, Nov 17—Hermanr, (1) Crabtres, for NYorky c Sav nwa, Oct 26—Bark Stamboul, Kenrick, for Boston, 8 days; only American verre. |—Arr. Occidenten, Brodino, Philadelphia, ips Tiber, Brown for Zante and Messina, sm, (us) for N Vork. dz; Corolaous, Tarnor, fr 60 just arr; Lark Victor. Creoker, fia do at Oct 21, for Palermo, abi ready; Wm T Wheaton, for N York, ready. ‘Tuxxt, Nov 10—Sld \athaniel Hooper, Griffin, New Orleans; Rdinburzh, Conway, N York, War nen Pornt, Nov I'—Sld Thaetis, Merrill, NYork, Youcnats, Nov §—8id Triumph, Burt, Palermo, Herald Mai Correspondence. Purapetrnta, Dec 7, 434 P M--Arrived—Bark Gen Jesup, Fieher, Boston; brigs Emma, Baber, do; Edinburg, Swett, Bangor: Onicets, Stubbs, Mansanilla, Clenred—Brigs Jos Cowperthwaite, Rrevoor, Clentuagor Me- teor, Smith, &t Thomas: Manzavilla, Colcord, Beston; sehs Emily Weaver, Paulin, Cienfuegos, Miscellaneous, Wo are under obligations to the Salem Advertiser and the Sa. Yantah Reyublican for slips. Suir Buncuyny. avy Bark ArLAawric—A fall account of the lors of there veseels on the Godwin Sands, will be found in the editorial columns, Bar Au.roR¥—Tha schooner Charron. at New Orleans from Cam peachy, reporta tho loss of the bark Altorf on * Alacrarane.” ‘The captain, his wife, and one seaman were losk. There was no- thing further reported by the Charron. the Amigo del Pueblo of Campeachy, of she 10th inst, annonncos that on the morni ef the previons day the passevgers of a merchant ship arci there, which han teen rhipwrecked on the bar of the Alseran, Itsdes that she was bovnd from Hamburg to Vera Crus, with cargo valued at $400 000. Wares Ouxas Cannons, from Nantucket for Pasifio ocean, in beating up the Vineyard Sound, on Sunday last, steaek on the “ Middle Gr-uno,” end unhuar her rudder, She returned to Bolmes's Hole, and anchored the sume evening, The damage was irmediately repaired, and she sailed again Sth. Sour Briza Reed, of Providence, from NewYork hound to Mobile, with bay, furniture. cordaga and anchors, was lost on Abaco on'the night of the 16th ult, The captain and crew ar. rived at Nareau, N P, on the 2ist in several wrecking With the materisIs and articles saved from the wreck. Nassav.N P, Nov. i¢—The barks Winthrop and Nathan W Bricge, and brig Chattahooche, have nearly completed thetr re- pairs, and will probably al ssil in the week for therr ports of des. \ination—the Winthrop, for Providence; N W Bridge, for Ha- vana, and the Ohattahooche fér Georgetown, 8 C. Canpry, Nov. 14~ The American bark Bartell, M'Intyre, ax. rived here ti-day from London, was in ontact, 12th int, off Tre yore light, with a schconer, vame unknown, when the latter is euppored to bave susk immediately, as nothing whatever could be seen of her. Greenock, Nov 14—An Amer trig from Richmond, Vs, wa! sec! water logged 4th uit, in lat 36 N, lon 63 W, by the Claren- jop, Taylor, arr in the Clyde, Whalemen. £1d from New Bedford Nov 6, s\ip dratitade, South Seas, 4 letter from Capt, Howes, of sip Ameti yet, of NB roporte her at Falta Vet 1b, from the North We:t Cosas, with 1000 bola ep TOD do wh oil (the latter this seasoa); left the NW Coast Aug I Spoke Jwy 15, ships Maria Iheresa Switt, New Bedford, 5 whales this season; Gideon Howland, Cah, do, 6 do do; Warren, Evans, Warren, nothing do, Heard ‘from several ships with twé ard four whaler exch. Whales were scaroy and ahy—saw but ono while in the tl ree weeks previous to leaving the ground, Capt Powes writes that the average catch of the sperm whale fleot on the Of Shore bad bren only 2W bbis in the kas 6ix moncha, weather had Lecn bad with « moderate gate most of the time, Spoken, Ship John N Gossler, Fairtuul 11 days from New York for Isle of France, Oct4 lat 35/12, lon 85, . i a ; 4 days from Liverpool for New Orleans, Nov 8, lat ol ¢ By the trig Comargo, from Rio Janeiro—Nov 16, Sugar Loaf besring NW 16 miles digant ship Tallyto, for-——, Eilen Avgvaia, Ham, from Havana for Buenos Ayres, Dec 2, Jat 33 40,lon 70 Brig Ariel, badiey, from Salem for Para, Dec 5, Cape Cod NN ‘W 30 miler Brig Meta, Rich, 9 days from Buenos Ayres for Falmouth, Eng, Oct 1, 8, lon 45, Brig Hamlet, from Thomaston for New Orleans, Nov 2G, Int 30 «nil. Foreign Ports. Arriova, about Nov 12, sours Mary Elizabeth, Kirwan, and igealy Lge I aly Bee ig Bogle, Davis, Behta Bi vENCS AyRes, Sept 3U—tid brig Eagle, Davis, ia Blanca, to finish Idg for Bos on, MaLtyax, N ‘Arr tchrs Sharon, Thateher, Fredericks- borg; Unt p, Bro Boston; st, 6'eat ip Acadia, Stor lo, 56 hours and sid for Liverpoul, brig Eaphrosyne Jane, Paon, do; echrs Herald, Knowles, Phil zd, Aldetaran, Covil, do; 3d, tng Mary 8: chr ‘Boston, ‘Laybold, Boston. Cia, 29th nie, from New York, having re- paired, Cork; 30th, schs wy, New York; id, Catharine, jones, Bostow, MavaGu+z, PR, Nov 17— Brig Dudiey, from Boston, just arr; tchr Mary © Ames, of Newbury port, une. Nassau, NP, Nov 22—Brig N W Bridge, Snow, for Havana, 2 ds Neweasris, Nov 17, brig Mary Ellen, Edmanda, for Boston, Toad Fruvannvco, Nov 6—Bark Walter, Rantlet, from St Peters: bure for Rio Jarciro; sehr Gil Blas. Know, from Philadelphi SrTuosas, Nov id—Std bark Mara, Park, (from New York) Fortau Prince, Sr MAkrine, Nov 16, brig Margaretta, Everett, for Boston, ist. Er Jone 8, NF, Nov 21, Br brig Warrior, Whiteway, for Bos- ton, leg. Tanstr, July 17—Arr ship Tsar, Kennedy, from Boston via Rio Jaueiro, for Honolulu, je Porta, Atexanpet1a, Deo f—arr Be brig Mayflower, Douglass, Mait, rod ‘NB; echr bio, Ober, Eastport. sla ccarJuue, Weeks, Barba” Batrinony, Dec 6—Arr berk John Mayo, Purtington, from Bath. Cld echrs Arietis, Wheeler, NYurk; New Regulus. Da- vis, do; Williaw, Dailey, Antigua.’ Sld, Fr brig D'Aseas, Giron, Charleston, Besvon, Deo 6—Arr Br steamship Britanwia, Sting, Liverpool Nov 18, arr at Halitax 4th inst ships Tisaide, Whitney, Canton, Aug left Sand Beads lib, pared st Helens Oct 21; Medtord, Driyer, New Orleans: bark Juu.es Hl), Brown, Nassau, NP; sehis, Pi ‘phi; JO ai, Crowell, Albany; Gee Evans, Kellar, New Yerk; Aihambra, Bulicek, New York foe Portland, | C! Cid hip Bengal, Bray, New Orieang, bark Sophie: (Dan) 18 intzen, Havana, origs Freya, (van) Giesing, Cape Verd Islands; Dal Weld, Gay, Mavana; Sea Bird, Carts, do; Macy Stanton, ky der, Buliimore; Chicopee, Emery, Philadelphia, No- jee 2—Cld bark JJ Hathern, (new, of Richmond, Me, Sma'l, Mobile; trig James Marshall, Lord, Cuca; 4th, thips Wm Patten, (new, of Bath, G08 tons) Decker, N Orleans Rochester, Weeks, do, Bucksvit.e. $C, Nov 30—Arr schr Samuel B Staples, Bo3ton. Cid, brigs AA Wass. Wass, New York; Leo, Sparks, St Jago de Cubs; sebr Ann, Fartiett, Haytien, CuARraston, Deo 3—Arr brig Magnolia, Mo: 4. \nig Kinina Prescott, Leo, Kio de Janci Rollins, Havana Berry, New Oriea Emma Dich inson, EEsToN, 8 ee I Arr chr Fuipite, Daweoporh NY Encanwown, Dec — Arr brigs Edward Prescott, Bryans, Indelphia for Boston; Mareppa, Coison, Wilmington, NC for do; schis DU Brocks, Horettook, nville for do. "Sehr Prost. Gent (Iight boat) left to day for her station, near ‘the Sow and a8. Groversten, Dee h— Arr brig Nirer, Ponsland, Surinam, 2a ult, via Holme’s Hole; echrs Pern; art, New York for Portland; Avu Denman. Patten, Norwich f r do; Cordelia, Smith, N York for Port , Tarr, Phils. Almits, Tarr, New York for ia for do; echr Rainbow, Rogers, . the above, 1, Nov25—Cld prig Walpole, Ryan, Cienfueros, Nov i0-Arr ships William, |, Portiand; Marcia Wikcn, Boston; Rr bark Aela, Bananh, Liverpool Ghicy Davis, Boston; Osceola, Baker, Now York? Ohoctaw, Flite ver, bath; Franky Baker. Boston: oman, (3p) Osver, Uvanas Marin, Turno, Thomaston; scbra Mayflower, Scetson, Portland; Mathew Byrd. Colson, from New York via Key Wost, for Atta” Lapes, put in fer repales, C1d 29, ship Cinriesa Andr.wa, Colby, Eivertool: soe Horses Gummmen, Holat feabel, New Ovueans, Nov rr siips Chi : Walter R Jones, Colly, do: Leoses, Lene, des Columrte’ (ge Garlen, Bremen; Gipy, (Br), Verrell, Liverprol; Holyoke, (Bt) Day, do; Staterman, Loveneeder, Boson; barks Kirkland, Phil lips, Kio do Janeito: Phenix, Bi ush, Richm nd via Norte Jenler, (Br) Carter Liverpool’ 8p brig Osoar YR) . Havana. fpbrig Luisa ¥ Tesuss, Culdix do; sp brig do; Said Lrg Lutana sarda, Pervs Io Mareotilos, sehr Mi ine; sehr Charray, Clark, Carnpoachy. Below-—ship Autocrat, a rh:p and back wnk Cld 29, shipe Cour er, Locke, New ¥ Manctonter, Cone, New Yor ‘®ip York inside, bound out, ork Vistuin Sutton, Boston i Militiades, (Br) Groom, Liverpool, bark Murillo, bit Bosro Marth J Hila, Schernbeck, do Era pl apa pbmsaer as Bwron, Der bo igenquin, Smith, pAgwront, Dei bare Ue alginguin, fmith, Providence for ‘on for Baltimore, “ia, Bill, Wilmington, NO; issell, N York. Sid Sta, Nansucn er, Deo tate tehre Florida, Chace, Virinia; susan, echr RB Smith, Klizaberh, N Yo en TRORD, Doe Arrechr Ostrich, Baker, New Haven. Wixon, do and New fld eohts Pemora, Keene, New York; Wiliam, Borfoik, Carver, Carver, Philadet-- Rope il do; New Haven, Kola Nes Fost i 1 ‘slou Renpiee.¢ i Lwan, ater, fer Wen Tadlene oe ay Pig Vad Ly ha Pin ee Bes Ware River; ates, Tretethen, Portamont ‘ Boston,” Sid reds Zolettay Stanley, When Atkin Wheldea, Provinence Dro5—Sid bark Acadia, Crosby, Milletone Polat, to loud for Charleston; brigs Florina, and Sam! Brown; sehr. More, Burt, Bay River, NC} Judith Ward, Anderson, aad Ea, dere. Lo'and, 8 York. Ponrianiy Doo 8—Chi bark FA Perley, (new) Stanwood, ub HMoND, Nov —Arr barks Cy: Williston, Baltimore; iP rem, kk. Lord, Beaton. Bare, Dec B—Cid brig Rattler, Monely, Para, SAavannart Deo 4(by Telegraph)—Arr brig Charles Leigh, Li vee donne, Fla (no a jonNs, Fia (no dete, by the A R Jackson. at this \) bel Behe Scio, for NV ork, lee: Shawnot, for Howton donee ee q et Bo, Laid 5—Are brig Lisbon, ith, Biston; & ohn Story, vol, Cm ral ly i Bhuith, Miller, New Yorks 8 O*mer™ Boyds Hill Dedtords 7S rrived. From 1 GBoston—From Liverpoot rogor, Gee Howland, Col r Rev Jos Biliot’, Meth v Mr Ripley, Mrs Rip” om Leverpor) to BaiifaxMe Pinhorn and Indy, Me Wilson, Frm Ualifax vo tor-—Mre Barton, Mr tamilton, Mr Athor~ Flimmen Munro, BC Call, Janes Isles, Retteo, Wilmer, and tes mehi C Penh mon. 10 GRANDS, Braall—-Tp the Anshuao. at Salom—Mes Thomas Penta SRA Fe, sa tilerestibe ec fepublic—Mr Williams end lady, J #2 Nicl , MroB eorage hie Onemane Ship Palestive- Dr Wallace nat 8 ts ne Jorter, Savannah for Boston; ba, Hiv —