The New York Herald Newspaper, August 10, 1848, Page 4

INTELLIGENCE BY THE MAILS. Wasnineton, August 8, 1848. Comgresstonal Reporting—Kentucky—Mr. Benton. Heaven be praised, the legislation of the coun- try does not always flow ina muddy stream of corruption. The scheme to endow the two party journals at the expense of the government, has failed signally in the House of Representatives. It was defeated in its passage to-day, by a vote of 85 to 80. The motion to reconsider the vote was laid on table, so that the measure cannot be recuscitated. I by no means charge] corruption onfall those who voted for the bill, for its ments were little understood ;but certainly a more corrupt measure never was introduced in that House. It was a plan to endow capital and to crush labor. Under such a system, it was impossible to expect fair reports of the proceedings of Congress. If the design in reality be to spread intelligence among the people, the first step should be to abolish the postage on all newspapers, giving reports of Con- ssional gebates, and inthe next place, each sens should have its swom reporters—officers of the body. _ The argument used in favor of giving the re- porting to the two [A es here, 1s, that the reports would be spread among the people ; that these reports are now spread betore the people at great expense to the proprietors; and that unless id for by Congress, they must be discontinued. The answer to this is, that from the limited circu- lation of those journals, the people at large learn nothing from them of the proceedings of Congress; that their reports are wholly unreliable from their inaccuracy and barrenness; and that, bad as they are, it is the only feature in them that induces peo- ple to subscribe; and that, therefore, {the reports cannot be discontinued. They have held up this as a bugbear to Congress: “If you do not give us the reporting, you will not be reported at all, and ou will be consigned to oblivion ;” and the House Sie very Bioperiy turned its back on their threats. Now, let some plan be devised for improving on the present system of the Senate. The, news from Kentucky represents Mr. Crittenden as running behind his ticket, and the democrats as having gained on the last canvass. Should the whig majority be sensibly reduced in Kentucky, there is no hope for the whig ucket in N ber. : ‘The time of the Senate during the whole of to- day and yesterday, has been taken up by Mr. Benton (in executive session), in a tirade against General Kearny. It is really most charitable to the Missouri Senator, to believe that Mr. Hanne- an’s supposition regarding him is a correct one— that he is slightly demented. Such extravagance is unaccountable, on any other hypothesis. Mr. Benton has many fine qualities, and his greatness of intellect is undeniable; it is, therefore, that the unseemly course -he sometimes pursues, 18 to be the more regretted. GaALvIENsIs. Wasnineton, Aug. 8, 1848. Evening Memoranda. ‘The two houses to-day have been engaged in miscellaneeus matters. The Senate has worked industriously, but the House has been more occu- pied with Buncumbe and speeches for home con- sumption than any thing else. In the executive session to-day,the Senate made sundry military confirmations, and among them we are glad to learn that Major Gillespie, of the Marine corps, was confirmed in two brevet ap- pointments. Ist, as captain for his bravery at Ciu- dad de los Angelos, in defending the place with a few men against 600 Californians. 2d, as Major, for his courage and intrepidity at the battle of San Pasqual, three months after the affair at the Angelos, the battle of San Pasqual being on Christmas§ day 1846, if we remember correctly. From Col. Fremont and others, it, would seem that the Major was in all the battles in California, and behaved himself always hke a Trojan.— Hence, he 1s fairly entitled to the honors he has received. Gen. Worth, Col. R. M. Johnson, Col. Riley, (of the rifles at Contreras,) and sundry other per- mad of distinguished calibre, were in the Capitol to-day. The President gave his last levée of the season this evening. In addition to the usual hospitable family of the Executive, Major W. H. Polk and lady, and Miss Rucker, a niece of Mrs. Polk, were present. If we had any right to say so, we should repeat here what we have said heretofore, that Miss R. has to an eminent degree that happy faculty of impayting to her friends, by her presence among ttm, a sense of that elevation of mind and spirit, which only a woman of elevated mind and superior graces can bestow. As for Mrs. Polk, she is alike distingmshed for her merits as houses are tumbling down and rotten, and wil} soon be abandoned. Now, if this so-called pro- perty can be sold for so much money, it will be clear gain, and no mistake. There is a gentleman here, who appears to have no interest in the matter. Ob, no! He is hberal with his money, treats ac- quaintances to dinner parties, segars, and brandy, and urges with all the shrewdness of a Yankee the great advantages of making the purchase. He is strongly suspected of being an agent, from cir- cumstances which will presently appear. A few days ago, itis said, Colonel Walker, the Private Secretary of the President, introduced this *disinterestedly” interested gentleman to one of the delegates now here from Oregon, took him to the room of the latter, and then stepped out and left the twain together. The giver of dinners opened his budget, and it is said the delegate seemingly readily age pans in what he proposed, £0 as to draw out the entire length of his new comer’s yarn. Not having been in a clairvoyant state at that time, we were not present in spirit, but the conversation is believed to have been something hke this:—That, if the Oregon man would say that the worn-out property of the Hud- son’s Bay Sompany 1s worth a million of dollars, and that if he would impress this idea upon certain minds, he should have—we do not know exactly how much! The Oregon delegate ordered the visiter (who was introduced to him by Private Secretary Walker, and then left with hun) to leave the room, or ‘he would kick him out! _ Now, whether Private Secretary Walker was in the plot, or whether he was unaware of the true mission of his new friend, we cannot say; but we know this much, that the in@ignant Oregonian sat down and wrote a letter to the President, all about it. As the Private Secretary opens all the President’s letters, it may be, that this particular one reached his hands. To be certain that Mr. Polk shall know something about this extraor- dinary occurrence, the Oregonian, when last seen, was jumping into a hack, and directing the driver to turn the heads of his horses towards the White House. x g These rumors and details have not got into the great body of the community; but, in a few certain circles, there is the greatest possible excitement. An effort will be made to deny the truth of the proceedings, and, no doubt, Mr. Ritchie has an article already. written, branding the rumors as ‘weak inventions,” as a ‘base slander and falsehood.” But, if Congress were not on the eve of adjournment, perhaps an investigation would establish the contrary. I wish to be understood as not having been present to ascertain all that was going on, but I know much more than I am at hberty to reveal. Perhaps, in a day or two, I may give you some further information upon this subject. Tull then, my dear sir, ApIEv. Batriwore, August 9, 1848, The Election Returns—The Whigs and the Great Unavarlable—Irish Contribution Meeteng—Ma- nagement of the Southern Telegraph, §c. The whigs find a crumb of comfort this morn- ing, in the election returns from the West, whilst they also have hopes that the Old North State will yet stand her ground. They accuse Henry Clay, as the cause of the defection in North Carolina, on account ot his not giving his support to the nominatIon of General Taylor. This is quite laughable, and indicates that those who were stricken with the Taylor mama, are coming to their senses. Why should the endorse- of the Great Unavailable be of any consequence to the vba available. The inends of Ireland are to assemble to-night, in grand mass meeting, at Washington Hall, for the purpose of en | funds to assist her in her struggle for liberty. 1 do not anticipate they will be able to raise much money, as they have beenso often drained for repeal, that they seem to have their doubtsJ as to whether any future contribu- tions will be used 1n the furtherance of the object for which it was raised. _ The number of deaths in this city, during the past week, was 94, being a falling off of nearly 40, as compared with the number during the three previous weeks, there being but 50 under 10 years of age, whereas they averaged S0 before. The telegraph line between Petersburgh and Charleston is a perfect nuisance to all who have telegraph business totransact. This line has been completed about five months, and, during that time, I do not think that it, has worked, on an averege, more than one day in the week. The consequence 1s, that not more than one despatch in a dozen that leaves this city for the South, ever reaches its destination an hour in advance of thé mail, notwithstanding which, they refuse, in all cases, to refund the tolls paid for failing de- spatches. Pumapevrnia, August 9, 1848. Accident— Abduction, §c. A lad named James Cashmire, had both hands a lady, and her virtues as a Christian. Her official Station, so to speak, is maintained as every Ameri- can wou!d wish it to be, in illustrating the true spirit of the sex of ths Union, blending together the attractions of refinement. the ease and dignity of republican simplieity—the hospitalities of a social welcome, and the amenities of religion. Fo religious inborn sentiment is a prevailin; characteristic of the sex of this confederation, an to this we shall turn for our safety when all your constitutional compromises shall fail. ieee company was present at the levée to- night. ‘A few more days, and Congress will be thrown ee into the political contest among the people at large. i One word personally. An associate, in his branch of the description of the late democratic meeting here, sets down “the Doctor” as describ- ing a series of curves at the end of the procession, and as singinga song out of tune. This was in- tended for fun, but the joke was too broad. “The Doctor” never describes curves, and never sings out of place nor out of tune. Never in his life has he been reduced to the inference of this incon- siderate piece of wit. Satisfied that he has many friends who do not know him, he asks their in- dulgence in this explicit “ vindication of the truth ot history.” Respectfully, ‘Tur Doctor. Wasuineton, Aug. 8, 1848. The Case of General Kearny—The Canadian Statesman. A rumor has prevailed ihat the Senate has con- firmed the nomination of General Kearny. This 1s a mistake—Mr. Benton still continues to pitch into him. Yesterday he spoke in executive ses- sion for four consecutive hours on this subject, and to-day he gave atwo hours dose. To-morrow there will be an executive session, commencing at 11 o’clock, by agreement, when Kearny will receive the coup de grace. Mr. Calhoun has joined the Southern whigs in Kearney’s favor, and the fight is warm. ; We observed in the Senate chamber this morn- ing the Hon. Mr. Sullivan, President of the Cana- dian Council. He appeared to view the proceed- ings with interest, and we have no doubt with eatisfaction. Mr. Sullivan is one of the most bniliant orators we ever, listened to—combining the eloquence of a Corwin with the profundity ot a Webster. He is, however, confined to_ his nar- row circle in Canada, and beyond its limits is un- known, To a mind like his, the reflection must oceur, how much greater might be his path of am- bition, were Canada joined tohis Union, The seed has been planted, however, and it, will bear fruit by and by. Canada is not destined to re- main forever a petty appendage of the British crown Wasuineton, August 8, 1848. The Barnburners—F. P. Blair read out of the Hunker Party—Reporting. It wall be recollected that F. P. Blair (ex-editor of the Globe, the man whom President Polk threw overboard, the politician who has recently de- clared that his sympathies are with Mr. Van Buren and the barnburners), selected a dele- gate to the National Democratic Convention, from the congressional district of Maryland, composed of Prince George, Montgomery, and Anne Arundel counties. On Saturday, there was a meeting at the railroad junction, of those who heretofore met as district delegates; and they unaniunously resolved to relieve him from all obli- ‘ation togupportthe nomination of He Baltimore Jonventior, am@ they recommend that all the other delegates meet, and take a similar course. So, you see, Mr. Blair is cast overboard. Jackson Hall, however, continues to be the head-quarters of the democracy of the city. Mr. Rives has contributed to the dissemination of documents to promote the election of Cass and Butler, and thinks the prospect of success flatter- ipg. “ The House, to-day, it will be seen from the report, refused to adopt a system of reporting, as Was proposed. F. Wasurtnaton, August 8, 1848. The Hudson's Bay Company—Great Excitement— A Serious Business—A Plot Discovered and Revealed Itis a matter of no‘oriety here, that the property of the Hudson's Bay Company, north of 49, can be purchased for a millon of dollars, Bat itis ao as many cents; the forts and block« mjured, yesterday, by being caught in the machi- nery at Briggs’s cotton factory, Frankford, at which he was employed. j A serious charge of abducting a boy from this city 1s now pending here against the captain of an English vessel, who has been held to bail to answer the charge. The lad was carried to De- marara, and recently returned to your city on board of another vessel. A full examination of a case is to take place upon the arrival of the OV. Axsany, August 7, 1848. Free Soil Meeting—Theatricals—The Cause of Ireland. On Friday night, a meeting of the friends of “Henry Clay and free soil,” was held in the capi- tol. The place was not crowded, yet those who were there were very enthusiastic, and, in accor- dance with Hon. Mitchell Sandford, one of the speakers, gave evidence of their intended opposi- tion to Gen. Taylor, and their acquiescence in the nomination of the Buflalo Convention, which they hope and expect will be Mr. Van Buren. Mr. F. S. Chanfrau closed his engagement at the Museum on Saturday evening, with a benefit, having a full house to see Mose. To-night a meeting of the friends of Ireland took place in the capitol. It was composed principally of the bone and sinew of society, who contributed pretty freely the sinews of war. The minutes of the last meeting were read and approved; when, after an eloquent speech'from Mr. Gafiney,'and one from Mr. Dawson, $209 50 was handed in by the warm hearted and toiling sons of Erin; $1000 was subscribed at their last meeting. Harotp. THIRTIETH CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION. Senate. Wasuivoron, Aug. 8, 1848, Mr. Wenster, after an absence of morning hour was occupied in a series of mis- cellaneous bills, of a local or private character, an hour or two being taken up on the bill for the relief of the MOMILE AND OHIO RIVER RAILROAD. The bill provides the surrender to the road of the alternate sections for six miles on each side. Mr. Breese, Mr. Lewis, Mr. King, Mr. Westcott, Mr. Benton, and others, discussed the bill. Mr. CaLnowy supported the scheme. Mr. Butter was opposed to the whole system. Under the pretext of a railroad charter, or a plan to improve some river, you may grant away, in alter- nate rections, the whole of the me domain. Why, sir, I_ believe the Senator from Illinois, the other day, moved to sppropriate all the public lands in the State to improve the Illinois River. Mr. Brexse—Oh ! no, sir. Mr. Burien—Well, sir, what was it ? Mr. Brexse—It was to grant the alternate sections embraced within ten miles on each side of the river, Mr. Buriex—Well, sir, where is the limitation ’ What is to prevent you fr nting twenty, thirty, forty, sixty, or one hundred miles in width in alternate sec- tions? All that is necessary is @ pretext, such as @ river, or a canal, or a railroad ; it’s all the better if you have an indefinite q turn im. My friend from ferday gave us a description of the swamp lands of the Mississippi ; and, if we followed his advice, we should cede away some millions of acres in Arkansas and Louisiana; for it appears that the Mississippi not only «verflows the country going down, but that it flows up its tribu- taries, and everfiows immense quantities of land in thus flowing up. Iam opposed to the whole system, sir, of thus ceding away your alternate sections for purposes of internal improvements, Mr, Ca.soun maintained that as proprietors of the public lands, Congress may dispose of one portion to enhance the value of the rest, as other proprietors might do, Mr. Nixes said that this was perhaps the proper oc- cation for giving to the bill a truly national character, by an amendment, not fora State, but for a national enterprise; and would move to insert, as an amend- ment, the bill uranting to Asa Whitney a swath of land, sixty miles wide, from Lake Michigan to the Pa- cific, for the building of that continental railroad. He spoke of the importance of thus opening the public lands on this route to actual settlement Mr Bontann thought it strange, that it should be necessary, to arrive at the constitutionality of appro- priations for internal improvementa, to make them in the form of grants of public lands, and that these ts should be contingent to the charter. if corpo- ions alone can secure public lands the State of A kansas will fall short. because all those monopolies called corporations are in no very high repute in the that this was not a aystem of internal improvements ; | Congress has the power to of and make needful rules and regulations reapecting the terci- tory of the United States. The power is expressly granted, but there is no express grant of power to make appropriations from the treasury for an indiscri- minate system of internal improvements. Mr Tursey persisted im the unconstitutionality of this internal vement system in the form of alternate rections along rivers and railtoads. You might as well take the money from the treasury. He had desired to see the public lands reserved for ac- tual tettlers. upon a system of graduation and reduc- tion that would ure their sale, settle: and oc- cupation, instead of being rquandered away on lines of railroads, crossing the couptry in every direction Mr, Barese—The error of the Senator isin suppo- sing at Congress no euch thing—it makes these Senreenenss: It does only appropriates the lands. Mr. Jounson, of Md. MWhat is the constitutional difference between this and the appropriation of money? Mr. Barres briefly replied. Mr. Doveiass moved to take up the Oregon bill. Mr. Kine appealed that, as the debate was closed, the vote be first taken on this railroad scheme. Mr. Dovctass assented. The vote, as underetood. was taken upon an amend- ment making the sam nt of alternate sections fer six miles along the right of way, for a railroad from Montaomery, m Alabama, to Pensacola, in Florida, reed to. it. Naies withdrew his amendment embracing the bill ef Whitney's railroad. He would prefer not to have such # large and national scheme affixed with such a comparatively small project as that ef this bill. %4 to 15, It grants the right of way for a railroad and alternate sections for six miles wide along said way on each side of the public lands, from the mouth of the Ohio river to Mobile in Alaba- ma; secondly, from Alabama to Pensacols, in Flo- rida. Mr. Jounson, of Maryland, moved that the Senate go into executive session. Mr. DouGiass—Have I lost my right to the floor ? The Cuain—No, sir; but the motion for executive ssion take: She ppeee nee. Mr, D a Well, I hope, sir, it will not be adopt- Mr. Dovenass— ed. But it was adopted, and at one o'clock, P. M., the Senate went into executives ssion. ‘After an hour spent in executive session, the Senate opened their doors and considered a number of private phis—Mr. Dickinson in the chair, Mr. Nies reported the amended post office bill from committee. _— at 4 o'clock the Semate took a recess till half- past EVENING BESSION. ‘The Senate ought to have met at half-past five, pur- suant to recesr at four o'clock; but, at six o'clock, there was no quorum present. Mr. Hanxecax moved that the President enforce the 6th rule, which authorizes the sending of the sergeant- at-arms after absent members, CASE OF A roeR winow. Mr Hexren moved to take up a private bill forthe relief of an old lady who was in great distress. Mr. Kix would require, first, that there should be a quorum; and, when this was obtained, he should in- sist on the prosecution of the business in its regular order. The bill, however, for the relief of Thos. J.C. Mon- roe, of the arrvy, was taken up and read. ir. KixG asked the grounds to be explained upon which this bill is founded. Mr. Pers explained. Mr. Kine objected to the bill. It appears that Capt. Monroe died a natural death while in the service; and this was one of a class of cases which might ke ex- tended to the whole army. We had already gone on too far in extending the benefits of our pension sys- tem; and now, sir, we have the soldiers of the Mexi- can war to provide for; so that we shall have to econo- mise as far as possible,to meet the actual obligations of the government. Mr. Huser remarked that this was a poor widow ; her husband had died from the miasma while in the ea service in the Florida war. But I think, sir, hat opposition to the case of a poor widow, comes with peculiarly bad grace from a Senator in the posi- tion of the honerable gentleman from Alabama. (Mr. King is a bachelor.) {I pledge the Senator, if he should be so hi marry, and so unfortunate as to lose se like this, I should do what I could to secure his widow a pension. Mr King, Mr. Phelps, Mr. Dix, and Mr. Westcott, continued the conversation for a short space, when the bill was laid upon the table SCHOOL LANDS. ‘The Senate then took up a House bill, applying cer- tain lands heretofore given to Alabama to be appro- priated tothe support of common schools. Bill passed. | [Crutchett’s chandelier lit up.] MEXICAN BOUNDARY. The Senate next took up a bill for fulfilling the 5th article of the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, by pro- viding that the necessary officers to run the boundary between the United States and Mexico, shall be chosen by the President, by and with the consent of the Se- nate, &e. Mr. Haxxecas moved that the salary of the Commis- tioner of this boundary be $3,000. Agreed to. He next moved that the Surveyor be allowed $3,000, by filling the blank with that sum. Agreed to. Mr. Hannecan next moved that the blank left for + the secretary's salary be filled with $2,000, so that that sum shall be bis compensation. These compensations are forthe year. $50,000 being appropriated, in the Civil and Diplo- matic bill, for the expences of this boundary, the sec- tion of the bill set apart for this purpose was stricken out. How MU@H TIME. Mr. Wenster—When is this commission to meet ? Mr. Hannecan—Within a year from the exchange of ratifications the commissioners ar: to meet at San Diego. Mr, Wensten—There ought to be a limitation of time to this commission. It was said by Lord Chat- ham, that if there is no limit to suchc ommissions, there is no termination tothem. 1 think there ought to be a limitation to this one; and that if the busi- ness be not finished within that time, it shall be sub- ject toa new ples. Mr. Dix—Is there not a limitation in the treaty? Mr. Hannecay—I think not. Thisis a joint act. Can we fix a limit to its duration? Mr. Weoster—Why not? . Haxxroax—Because the appointment of the joint act with Mexico. Each party ap- points a commission. It isa joint act, done by both Eo and how, then, can one party designate a it to its duration? Mr. Wensten—We have done it other cases, and if I mistake not, in the case of the northeast boundary; , Lwould suggest that three years beadopted as imitation of this commision. Hr. Hanxrcax—Three years will hardly be time enough, and if we give them five years they will take i I. ‘We ought to have a limitation. ‘Three years would not be long ‘Well, then, say five years. re five years are over, we shall have to run a new line along the Sierra Madre. Mr. Bricut—I do not see why the work could not be done ih twelve month: Mr. Wenster—Why, sir, a bird could not fly over in that time. ‘ Mr, cut—The Senator cannot be in earnest. think that the work could be done in twelve months. Mr. Nices—I should say two years would be time enough. It has only taken that time to conquer the country, and we ought to be able to run the boundary in that time. Mr. Bricut moved two The question was first that was agreed to. And the bill was passed. MINESOTA TERRITORY—THE NEGRO QUESTION BROUGHT IN, AND THE BILL RULED our, Mr. Dovcnass moved to take up the bili providing a territorial Caprio id for the territory of Minesota. He made this motion because it was not necessary that the bill should occasion any debate; the Oregon bill, he knew, would give rise to debate, hence he would not call up that bill. The people of Minesota were without any government except lynch law; and they were surrounded by Indian tribes. He hoped the bill would be taken up and passed. Mr. Mason—Is there any thing in the bill on the question of slavery ? Mr. Dovaiass—Not one word. It is not necessar that there should be one word, for one half this le tory is covered by the ordinance of 1787, end the other half by the Missouri compromise. Mr. Masox—There are three territori beforeithe two houres They emnbra ft this whole question, and when they ars acted upon we can take up the separate bill. After some conversation, it was ruled that the bill had not been reported in order from the committee. Mr. Douglass and Mr. Bright insisted that it had been Teported; but they were overruled. ir. Dovatass—To get over the difficulty, I now ask to report the bill from the committee. Declared not to be in order. [So the territory of Minesota,lying alongside of Wis- consin, was on account of the negro question, as we understand it, ruled out of order.] The Senate proceeded to the calendar GRORGE CENTER, ‘The bill referring to the Secretary of War, the va- luation of certain property destroyed during the Flori- da war, which property belonged to one George Cen- ter, and providing for the payment of the same was taken up, debated for an hour, and passed. ‘To show how a claim ought to be made out, we present the fol- lowing echedule of the property:— One cotton house, with cotton gin and gearing complete, 4 building being forty feet square and two stories f ears as the limitation. ken on three years, and $1,300 0 jelvos, and OUier necessa- State of Arkanens, Mr. Texxry was opposed in ¢ofo to the bill; though he should vote for every amendment which might propored, and eapecisily for that of Whitney's rai road. The Baltimore platform declares that Congress lias no power to enter into a general system of inter- nal improvements, and yetgentlemen are int. oducing ® general eystem in this device of granting away the publie lands. Mr. Bervex,in a very spirited mauner, contended ry fixtures 5 900 00 1 ware and sikinhonie. 225202 52) 150 00 Iservants’ hall and kitchen...) )\° 159 00 Acuantity of dry goods, groceries, ‘iardwa ery, consisting of white and colored hom ices, blankets, woollens, silks, hats, boots an: sugar, coffee, tea, tobacco, flour, Ko, Ke, hoes, ax augers, hand and cross-cut saw’, tron pots and kets tles, knives and forke, pocket knives, razors, scissors, re ie ea ; 1,700 00 200 dresrod deer skins, at Gi cents each || 130 00 7 otter sking, at $4 . Bow 85 cow hides, at 70 0 | store ard counting house desl 15 Iportabledesk.. 10 0 1 shot gum... 13 0) eet panes 2400 nw 1 high-port turned bedstead, a) high-post turned bedatead, i LE WEG asi cusses 2 00 Lity of bedding, pillows, coveriida, &¢ 150 09 25 00 w 0 25.00 900 15 00 a7 00 0 3) 00 sees a) rnituee, consisting of croviccry, glasw and forks, «, oona, table cfoths, and nape 7 155 00 ting 0! pot . 1 00 th Theat oe x 9and farming pools... ,, 1 Jot wearing apparel,consisting of coats. panty, vests,&o 1 trunk, cont: 1,100 Indian ro] atl? 320 Ika, of beee was, ae 23 cen Toertify that the fneegoiag seouunt ls Just and trut, Micanopy, February }, er : GEO, CENTER. STATISTICS. A bill was taken up appropriating $5,000, to be used by the Commissioner of Patents in the collection of btatistics of labor, commerce. manufactures, Se. Mr. A.uen opposed the bill. It was just the begin- ning of a new scheme of expenditures; besides, the commercial papers and periodicals of the country, edited by men who know what they are about, were the proper sourees to which to look for statistical informa- tion of the resources of the country. Mr, Jonnso~, of Maryland, pleaded for the bill. Mr. Aten replied, and moved to lay the bill upon the table. Laid on the table. And, on motion, at half-past eight, P. M., the Senate adjourned. House of Representativos, ‘Wasninatox, Aug. 8, 1843. TREATIES CHINA AND THE OTTOMAN PORTE. Committees were called for reports, Among them was bill from the Ccmmittee on the Judiciary, to carry into effect certain treaties between the United States and the Ottoman Porte, and China, giving judi- cial power to ministers and consuls, It was passed, [econest to our treaties with those countries, we ave stipulated to originate a court for the trial and punishment of American citizens guilty of crimes, in- ‘stead of leaving them to the judiciary of the foreigners and the bowstring.) EXTRADITION, Another Senate bill was reported from the Commit- tee on the Judiciary, to carry into effect extradition treaties between the United States and foreign eoun- tries (Epgland and France), and for the apprehension and delivery of criminals. It was amended, by au- thorizing United States courts, State courts, justices of the pence, and special commisslons appointed under the courts, to originate proceedings for the arrest and delivery up of criminals escaping from one country to another ; and passed. ‘We noticed on the desks of whig members, copies of the “ Life of General Taylor,” printed in German, full of pictures, and with yellow covers. Old Berks; Shenandoah, and other sections, are to be supplied, without stint, with this kind of political thunder. M. Poussin, the French minister, was again in the hall, and was introduced to many of the members.] THE CUMBERLAND ROAD. Mr. Scuexcx, from the Committee on Roads and Can. reported a bill to surrender to the State of Indiana that portion of the Cumberland roadrunning through that State. Mr, Smitn, of Indiana, expressed the hope that there Frould be no objection, and that the bill be put upon its passage. Mr Ransev moved to refer the bill to the Committee of the Whole on the State of the Union. Mr. Saurn said, that if gentlemen wished to defeat the bill, let them’ vote for the reference. It has been fifteen years since the government has appropriated a dollar for this work, Every man knows that the road will never be completed by the government, Give it to Indiana, and she will do it. ‘The bill was passed. DEBATES OF CONGRESS. Mr, Asustuw made a report from the Select Commit- tee with reference to the debates of Congress, He ex- plained its design. The people ought to know what their representatives are doing, and that can be done ouly by ® prompt and immediate publication of the detiates in the slaily newspapers in this city. The object can be accomplished in no other way.— One of the papers in Washington, (the Union,) as every gentleman is aware, has not had full re ports this session. No paper, without government pa- tronage, can sustain the enormous expense. The Na- tional Intelligencer has paid more than one hundred and fifty thousand dollars for reporting the proceedings of Congress. When the editors had the public print- ing, they could wellfbear the expense, But Congress has given out the public printing by contract. The committee ascertained from practical printers the cost of printing and other expenses, together with that of reporting. and it is ascertained that the expense will beseven dollars and a half s column of the Intelligen- cer and the Union; and this amount is to pay for re- porting, setting up the type, paper, Kc. ° Mr. Houmss, of South Carolina, asked what the ex- pense of the whole publication would be. Mr. Asumvz replied that the gentleman could make the calculation as well ashe. Six hundredand eleven colvmns of debates have been published during this session in the National Intelligencer, which, at an _ex- ense of seven dollars anda column, would be tween four and five thousand dollars. Mr. Homes, of S. C., said that he desired to know what the system would cost. Mr. Asuinwn supposed that if the papers published twice as much as he had stated, in order to have full reports, the cost would be perhaps ten thousand dollars for a long session. Mr. Fickiix said that he had understood that_not one-tenth of the speeches delivered in Congress have been published in the Intelligencer or the Union. The expense would be increased by the number of speeches, and also by the running debates. The amount can’t be less than $20,000 » year. Mr. Asumux—Well, suppose it does cost that much. Mr. Tuomrson—It will cost $86,000 a session. Mr. Asamux—Why, we give that much for printing documents, which are sold for wrapping paper. Mr. Eames: was understood to read an amendment, which he designed to offer, for the Clerk to employ a corps of reporters, Mr. Asanvx—I am confident that that plan is im- practicabl ‘Mr. of Georgia, suggested sever il amendments, striking out so much of the resolution as requires the system to commence forthwith, and dispensing with a phlet edition of the debates. He thought that a Better plan could be agreed upon, viz., the employment of a corps of reporters by the House; but he was wil- ported by the committee, he had offered. liny wit to test the method re the amendments whic! wi @ responsibility that would not attach to any other class of persons. Mr. Bropuean remarked that if a corps were em- plored, the reports would not have the advantage of ing published in the papers in this city. Mr. Ci resumed, and said that since he had been the debates on private bills have not been reported, when they sometimes involved very impor- tant principles. Mr. Scuencx observed that, if the reports were made pcre not one inten members would write out his remarks, THE WAY TO TALK. Mr. C. Brown said that ten papers would not hold all that was saidhere. The only practicable way is to let the reporters make condensed reports of the pro- ceedings. (‘ Yes, like these of the Herald.”) Mem- bers must give the reporters the speeches written out, and let them condense them. Instead an hour's speech of eight columns, it ought to be cut down to half a column, Mr. Root said that he looked at this scheme as one to put money in the purses of the leading papers here, else they cannot be sustained. The resolution pro- vides to pay for reporting speeches. Congress ought topay the editors for publishing them, for no doubt they would lose subscribers by putting in so much reading matter of that kind. (Ha! ha'] This is a good job. He would venture to Sg that $100,000 would come of that resolution. it is to give the party journals a good sop; it was s mode of giving patronage to Party anne went for free trade in reporting speeches, [Ha ! ha!] and ho; atreporters would have the discretion to cut down the mass of what was here said. Members now wrote out speeches and scattered them broadcast in pamphlet form. He protested against taxing his constituents to pay for the reports. It is to preserve the true faith of the Bal- timore Convention, and tho true faith of the Philadel- phia Convention. Messrs. Asuacn and McCuraxanp said something, which was not heard by the reporter. Mr. Root repeated that he was opposed to giving this sop. There are other parties in the country, although gentlemen talk of the two great parties. ‘When gentlemen can learn to speak like the late Mr. and the late Mr. Dromgoole, then they ought their speeches ‘reported. For himself, he had friends among the reporters, who were better hands at speech than heis. (Ha! /ha! ha!) They gave it a more agreeablelook than if it were reported accurately, precise! ‘A A mction was made to lay the resolution upon the table. It was disagreed to—yens 83, nays $5. Mr. Asumun said that, as the vote was very close, he would adopt the suggestion of the gentleman from Georgia. The amendments of Mr. Cobb were then agreed to, (given above,) when Mr. Fickiix moved to lay the"resolution upon the table. The motion did not prevail, and the yeas and pays were refused. ‘he resolution was then, bya vote of yeas 80, nays 85, rejected. Mr. Root moved to reconsider the vote, and at his instance, this motion was laid upon the table—ayes 73, noes 61. Five MINUTES RULE. Mr. T. SsrTH reported an_ amendment to the rules, to suspend, for the present, that which gives a member five minutes to explain an amendment in committee. ‘A motion was made to lay the proposition upon the table, but it did not prevail—yeas 72. nays 99 ; and the amendment to the rules was then adopted. BUNCOMBR. The various committees having disburdened them- selves of the repurte they had in possession, the House resolved iteelf into a Committee of the Whole on the state of the Union. The question proper was the bill making appropriations for the preservation and repair of the public works upon certain harbors and rivers, and for the survey of certain harbors. Mr. Cannut was called to preside. Directly he took the chair, About a hundred and fifty members immediately rushed out of the hall to their dinners, the hour of four having arrived, leaving ten or fifteen only in their seats, And to th nd as many in the gailerics, Mr. Dickinson, of Ohio, addressed a speech in favor of appropriations for harbor: kes, and in re- py to Mr. Fisher, his colleag is the federal party. Mr. Purxam, of New York, argued against slavery. and raid that the North would prefer the dissolution of the Union, to the extension of slavery beyond its pre- sent limits, Mr. Pruusnvny, of Texas, wen’ into a brief analysis of the boundary between that State and the United Stat [Six and a half o’clock—the sun sl and the chandelier lighted !] Mr. Hupson, of Massachusetts, at seven o'clock, arese to controvert the views of Mr, Pillsbury and of the President, on the boundary question, Mr Kaverman,of Texas, at eight o'clock, began to reply toMr Hudson. Never were proceedings more “flat, stale, and unpro- fitsble.” Twenty or thirty members only were in their seats, Here was one asleep; there another reading a newspaper; a third wax looking over the book of yeas ond Days, ip front of the Clerk's desk; a fourth put- ting on bis hat, pretiminary to going cut to buy cakes net wicetionery in’ the bavemedt; @ fifth, writing 4 letter; -@rinth,-watking from’ Oe Bide of the Hal, to ing intophe hall, . bal.or, another; areventh, standing near Mr. KauTinan, and looking at bim talk. A dozen members were actually gm, end listened to the new question of Texan ndary. Little «quads were, as usual, chatting near the windows in the lobbies; only one of them hada segar in his mouth; the messengers filled up the wat-r jars and put ice in them; the chandelier was the pret- tiest thing to behold, A young gentleman, who had been admitted to the floor through courtesy, drew up bis chair near the bar, and seemed to be much edified! Ha! ba! About as many auditors in the gallery a: there were members in their seats. When we awoke from our nap, we found Mr. Rockweut, of Connecticut, talking about an item ef $50,000, for the owners of the Ami which the Senate put into the general appropriation bill, To this he was oppesed, and gave the history of the casa, to that members may be prepared toact when the sub- ject comes up. ‘The Senate having adjourned at 9 o'clock, there was an accession of spectators in the galleries Mr. Mutten, of New York, arose to talk about the public lands and other matters; and at past 10 o'clock we left the capitol. Naval Intelligence. The U.S. ship Jamestown, beaing the broad pennant of Commodore W. Compton Bolton, ar- rived in Funchal, Madeira, on the 10th of May. A letter from an officer on board, says :— ‘We have been very actively engaged in cruising since our arrival on the coast, and our anchors have not found the bottom a dozen times, and then cnly to give an opportunity to communicate with the authorities on | thore, or to supply the ship with provisions and water. | ‘We have been under weigh 154 days altogether, and at this rate shall be able to add a very respectable figure at the close of a twelvemonth’s cruise. During this time she has ploughed up some fourteen thousand | miles of the ocean, and, to our surprise, has outsailed | all the British cruisers we have fallen in with. The fol- lowing is a list of her officers :— Commodore, Wm, Compton Bolton, commanding Af- rican squadron ; Commander, Samuel Mercer ; Lieu- tenants, H. K. Thateher, H. P. Harrison, Wm. Ross Gardner, H. C. Watkins ; Fleet Surgeon, S. Rapalje ; Purser, H. M. Heiskell; Aoting Master, Wilmer Shields; Lieutenant of Marines, Israel Greene ; Passed Midship- men, Wm. H. Wilcox, James Armstrong, Wim. H. Mur- daugh ; Midshipmen, O. F. Johnston. L. N. Kimberly, A J. Barclay ; Captain's Clerk, G. W. Parker; Boat- swain, John Hunter; Gunner, Thomas M. Crocker; Carpenter, Henry Lowry. Annexed is the list of officers attached to the U. 8. sloop of war St. Louis, bound to the Brazil station :— Harrison H. Cocke, Esq., Commander; John L. Ring, J.R.M. Mullony, Wm, L. Blanton, Joshua D. Todd, Lieutenants; John F. Steele, Purser; S. Wilson Kellogg, Acting Surgeon ; Thomas L. Dance, Acting Master; John Ward, Ass uurgeon Charles Latimer, Wm. C. West, John P. Jones, Passed Midshipmen; W. ‘Weaver, C. H. Green, W. H. Lyne, 8. P. Prickett, D C. Whitthorne, Acting Midshipmen; J. Harrison, C tain’s Clerk; C. Woodland, Boatswain; E. Ross, Gu ner; D. James, Carpenter; S. Tatem, Sailmaker; C. I. Leistner, Surgeon's Steward; John Ferguson, Yeoman; W. J. Willeford, Purse: jteward. Passengers—Purser :. Fitagerald, U. §. frigate Bran- aywine; ‘Mrs. Todd, two children, and servant; Mra, Ferguson. Officers ordered to the U. S. frigate St. Law- Tence :— Hiram Paulding, Esq., Captain; Henry K. Hoff, Wm. R. Taylor, Charles C. Barton, Francis B. Renshaw, Edmund Lanier, Joseph H. Adams, Lieutenants; Fran- ois B. Stockton, Purser; George Clymer, Surgeon; John O.C Barclay, Passed Assistant Surgeon; William F. Carrington, Assistant Surgeon; Benjamin Brooke, Lt, of Marines, The Railroad to the Pacific. Mr. Epiror :— The Senate, which on the 29th refused to entertain Mr. Whitney's project of a railroad to the Pacific, passed an appropriation of $30,000 om Saturday last, for an exploration by Lieutenant Colonel Fremont of | the country between the Mississippi and tho great | best route for such an enterprise on the part of tho | government. This favors the national enterprise pro- josed by Mr. Wilkes of this city, and endorsed at the Ehteage Convention, in opposition to the priva scheme of Mr, Whitney It is evident, therefore, not- withstanding the overthrow of Mr. Whitney by the Senate, that the government has a due appreciation of the vast importance of a raiircad to the Pacific. A FRIEND OF MERIT. Wasuixaton. D, C., Aug. 7, 1848, James Gorvon Benner, E: ‘Sin—I notice in your valuatl aper of the 4th inst., a letter dated at Washington, signed “ The Doctor,” in which he remarks upon Mr. Benton’s oppdsition to my ptoject for a railroad to the Pacific, and also upon the project itself. Now I know “the Doctor's” good nature would not allow him Lt to do wrong to any one; but in the remarks upon the project, he ‘has | committed errors calculated to injure the interests of | the people of the United States, by leading them to false conclusions. “The Doctor” says, “he has not been in favor of my project, because the road would be 2,800 miles long, | 800 would pay, and 2,000 through and around moun- tains, chasms, caverns, snow, ice, &c. &c, and that there is a better route up the Rio Grande to the Passo via Gila river, to San Diego.” If “ The Doctor” had examined the reports of the committees ‘Western ocean, for the purpose of ascertaining the | .'" | Gibbs, Turarns Bornt.—The theatre at Bangor, with its properties, scenery, aud wardrobe, was entirely destroyed by fire, on Saturday pight last. The Portland Advertiser | . it was undoubtedly the work of an incendiary —Boston Traveller, Aug. 8 MAKATIMNE IS 76 LLIGHNOS SHLE NEWS WOKICR. Commanders of rexsein bound to this port will confer 8 favor upon us by having all parcels, papers, and ce- ports, intended forthe New Yor! Trae: ready for im- mediate delivery to our uews steamer, the News Boy. Ble will board inward bound vessels in the vicinity of Sandy Hook. Tho#s bound to other ports, whether fo- reign or domertic, will confer em sdditional favor by forwarding to the Herald, through the mail or other- ‘wiss, ship nows or papere that may be deemed of Inter- ext to the community. We will gladly reciprocate the favor. eum airs. 6 5 GUNsETS .. 6 65 | wren ware peo Cleared. jhipe—Emma I-yne, (Pruss) Schnicer, Valparaiso, Somidt && walcten; Arg Ped) Davis tages W whiiede de Barbe—laahil Sheppard, Iaebor Grace, NB, Masoa & Thomp- son; Christiana, (1st) Mashon, Quebec, 8 Thompson & Nephew, Tirigs—Union, (Norw) Novdahl, Cape Verds,unoh & Moinokes Garrymede, (Br) Joyce, Si John, NB; Ohio, Lockman, Savannah, RM Demill Bevel, (Rus), Gesnor, Charleston alors (Nocw) Kuag, do, Schmidt Balchen Schrs—Triton, (Sw) Strandberg, Gothenberg, N Weiaser; Mary Eleanor, Dayton, Port au Platt, Moyer & Stuoken; Papiemia, Eldridge, Lagusyra, Geo Whittaker; Manchastor, Tuttle, Rich- mond, Allen & Paxton; Expedite, Racket, Philadelphia; Wol- cott, Ryder, Boston; Empire State, Marble, Providence; A Tho- "Boone Ande, Miller, Prov'donce: 3 Allers, di loops—Anon, Miller, Prov'dence; Juno, Allers, do, bea ‘Arrived. British West Indiesmail steamer Trent, Norton, St Thomas, 31, and Bermuds, Aug 5, to Maitland, Phelps & Co. US steamer Lezare, zare, cn, Galveston, Texas, 26 days, with Ship Benjamin F Milan, “Than Francis Watt, Upaltar, Bio Janeiro, 47 days, with oot, ncis Watt, Upshur, Rio Janeiro, lays, with oo! \ifrie Jane. Perkins, (of Philada) Pint fen 1 de Cuba, jane Perkins (of Philada) Pinkney, ‘Trimidad de 22d July, with agar, to M Taylor, i Brig Perseverance, Johnson, Savannah, 9 days, with lumber, to J Arnold. The P was boarded by the News Boy at 33g P: yesterday, 30 miles, SE of the Highlands, Brig bil tf Charleston,) Hawes, New Orleans, 2) daya, "A was boarded yesterday by the t OZ o'olock. arleston, 2d inst, with cotton, ke, to Dunham & on. Cone yg Seaman, eens tog cont: ‘ Schr Leom, Pearce, Wsimington, NG, 4 diye, with naval stores Schr AJ De Kosastt, Smith, Wilmington, NG;7 dayne, Sent Homer, Kent, Boston, 3 days, Schr New York, Goodsell, Boston, 3 days, At 63 o'clock last night, off Shirk River, the News Boy saw aherm brig 10 miles S, Brig Frances P Beck, has anchored at Quarantine ground. Avaver 0—Wind, at Sun-rise, light, from the S; Meridia do; Sun-set, outside the Hook + trong frbe: the S. ad Herald Marine Correspondence, Encanrown, Ms, Aug7, 1Si8—Arrived—U S steamer Bibb, Davis, from a surveying cruise; US scir Galatin, Maffivt, with her tender; the Don Nicolas, from do. Prrtapenrnta, August 9—4 P. M.—Arrived — Brigs Sarah, Willard, Bc ston; ‘Maria, Churchill, Portland; H, Crowell, Boston; schrs Harriet Chandler, Avery, Norwich ; Southerner, Studley, y,, Salem; Berry, Nickerson, Bos. ton; brig ‘orvello, Atwood, N Bedfoni; William Henry, M Liberty, Sleight, N York; Tecumisb, Han ; Verona, Horner, Calais; echrs Char: lotte, Somers, Wiliuington, N C; Turk, Fuller, Boston; Alloghan, Stake, do; William Hart, Scudder, do; Eliza Land, Crowell, dot Irabella, Baymore, N York; Rio Grande, Hutchinson, do; Gover: nor, Smith, do; Arinnee, Griffin, do; Ophir, Boynton, Dighton; ‘Ahomas B Smith. Smith, Providonce: Siren,’ Gaines, N London; Virginia, Nickenson, B. ston; General Taylor, Berbl, Petersburg; Rainbow, Emerson, Baltimore, ;, Cleared—Bark William Larrabee, Arey. Boston; brigs America, ‘Tresdway, Salom, Mass; J_N. cherson, Boston; echrs Southerner, Studiey, do; ‘Turk, Furler, deo: William Tart, Scud. der, Weymouth; Elica Hand, Crowell, Boston; Lil Brid William Henry, Mar, Providence; Jane, Governor, Smith, Fairhaven: Kio Grande, Hutcbin= son, Haverhill; Lydia, Stevens, Boston; Wm Pollard, Alexander, Cambridge; Alleghan, Stahl, Salem; Col Anson, Eldridge, Bos. ton; Thomas B Smith’ Smith, Folly Landing; Boreas, Clasi York; Isabella, Baymore, Pawtucket; Uncle John, Baldwin, ork, Below—Ship Helen McGaw, Burwell, Liverpool; barks James Bayley, Brooks, Matanzas; Linda, Reynogorn, Havana; brigs William Price, Rowland, Matanzas; Caspian, McFarland, Havana, Miscellancous, Br Banx Lvey, (of Yarmouth, NS) Heckman, from Boston, (Je 23) for Laguna, went ashore on the Middle Caicos reef, Ltt! ult, (not 2ith, as reported by Telegraph) and became a total loss; materials taken to Turks Island and sold. Sun Lavanzivs, Jenkins, from Baltimore, bound to Provi- fence, putin to Norfolk the 7th, to repair damages, having been run into by aschr inthe Bay, ‘on ‘thursday night inst, whieh cartiedfaway bulwarks, anchor and fore shroud, Lauxcnep—A beautiful bark, called the “Hermione,” was launched from the ahip yard of Mr Jonathan Zebley, in Wilming- ton, Del, on Thursday last. She is 105 fect on deck, 11 feet 4 in- ches hole, and 25 feet beam, well coppered and tramelled. ‘Whalemen. At Lahaina, Mch 25, ship Friendship, Scott, PHaven, 600 sp 500 wh; %), Newark, Pondleton, Stonington, 12’ wh; Mary & Susan, Pendleton, do, 40 ¢p; April’ 10, ‘Thataes, Payne, SHarbor, 110 sp 1300 wh; Dromo, Stele, NLondon, clean; 15th, Geo Washington, Wareham, @) sp: 7th, Lmey Ann, Greenport,50 wh, 29th, | Abigail, NB, 60 sp (before rep 40 sp); 20th, Washington, Fisher, 80 sp, (before rep 50 8} ArratHolmes Hole, Aug 5, and sld_ 6th, ship Massachusetts, Codd, Pacific Ocean, Taleahuano Apl 7, with 500 bbls sp 2000 do &. of this Congress, by which the subject has been tho- roughly investizated, he would have found my route to be but 2,030, and not “ 2,800 miles,” and his other diffi- | culties would have beon diminished in a far greater | proportion, wita a route more feasible than the one he | names, and through lands capable of furnishing (the | only) means to construct the road, and through a country (except to a small extent) capable, with the | road, of sustaining population. If the “Doctor” had examined the very able, sci- entific, and business-like report of Lieut. Emory (during Gen. Kearny’s expedition to California, via the Gila river), looked at the map of route, descrip- tion of country, and all, he would have seen that the soil cannot produce except*by irrigation, (and extent of country susceptible of irrigation very limited ;) that | itis a country incapable of sustaining population, ex- cept to smail extent, and destitute ore mber; that, from the Rio del Norte to San Diego, thegradual eleva. tion to overcome, is about 5,000 feet ; that some parts of the route, sreragiag ie miles, is over 200 feet to the mile ; that, from the Colorado to San Diego, there is 15 miles, averaging over 140 teet to the mile; and ano- ther, 10 miles, averaging over 230 feet to the mile— | and’ this the route, too, which was passed by Capt. Cook. examination, could the “Doctor ”? or any , be serious in supp: the world could be drawn over such @ count the Gulf of Mexico? A work like the one I hi proposed naturally ex. cites sectional feeling, each desiring a full share of benefits, and hoping its geographical position might control it; and when aroute hes been named (diffe- rent from the one proposed by me), however impracti- cable it might prove to be,on examination, the sec- tions interested have been awakencd ; and from such have I met with difficulties, because it has been an ex- cuse to delay investigation. Even proposed air line routes, when the known topography of the country forbade the idea of @ railroad, have causedime an inn mense amount of labor, perplexity, and delay. , being I do not write this for myself or for my proj haps; too late to do that any good—but because ic journals publis opinion is, to a great ex- osing the commerce of such a route, through From pu tent, formed. or gets its direction; and those who write for public journals (more particularly with o circulation like your own), should consider well ever word, every figure. I do not intend all I say as ap cable to the “ Doctor’s” letter, knowiag his intention bed vamp Pere vin at the inconsiderate opin- very wise men, who hav x mittens pitty cod ave never examined the come. been my greatest difficulty to over- character and motive of Mr. Benton’s 0} posi- sure to be appreciated by the people, and will, I have no doubt, meet its proper reward. It is evident he has not examined, and does not understand the subject ; his attack was an outrage, and I have no fear that the people will not do me justice. He says, my “ surveys have extended only from one endfof the Capitol to the other.” I need not say he is in error, because the whole country know it. He fears that | may make a claim “for having been so long at Washingto: ked upon the carpets of the Capitol, and annoyed members of Congress.” The annoying, | think, he cannot justly apply to himself; and I feel justified in saying, i have found many mem- bers of pone who have not considered themselves annoyed. He appears to be vory sensitive on the sub- jectof claims; but need have no fears fro have not and shall not make one. I have devoted much time and money to this subject, in explorations, andin placing it before the people. [ have done it at my own expense, hoping to benefit my country I have not drawn one dollar from the public treasury; but have heretofore paid large sums into it—nor do | ask for one dollar to het out this great work, the use of which the people would have, at tolls only enough for expenses of operation and repairs; nor could | take even an acre of land, until a section of road had been comp eted in advan The violent party strife preparatory to the election, with the excitemen' d feeling caused by the failure of the territorial bill in the House,will probably prevent further action. The resolution to take up the bill, was ata very unfortunate time, (immediately after the failure of the territorial bill.) when there was no good feeling had mtg the Senate. Several Senators, who voted to lay the resolution on the table, did so because they thought it could not be acted upon at the close of the session—with so much unfinished busi- ness, in which each one {s particularly interested, for his immediate conrtituents—and say they would vote for i nother time, when it can be examined and d. The vote stood 27 to 21, with 10 Senators several of whom are warm friends of the mea- sure. So that, under other circumstances, the result | would have been very different. With the failure of this bill must end forever all hope fer a railroad across our continent, to he made the route between Europe and Asia, And there need | be no more strife about slavery in California, Oregon and California must now be i separate and indepen. dent nation ; they can derive no benefit. from a con- nexion with us, or we from them; they will produce the | same as we doand seck the same markets; not like our interior country, the products of which must come | to and through us for a market, when by exchanges and intercourse we receive our full share of + their products must go directly to for aod exchanges returned directly to them. All Asia open to them, and the whale fishery will reo be transferred tothem. We have looked upoa this land of promise, wut cannot possess it, becattse we will not ‘Truly yours, A. WHITNEY. Political Intelligences ; We noticed a gon ot Ex-( nor Morton, of Massachusetts, in this city yesterday, on his way to the Butlalo Convention, ‘It is astonishing how many smart young barnburners had “ Dads vader | the hay.” —Hochester American, July 8. The Hon. James T. Faran (dem), of Cincin- nati, declines a re-election to Congress: A | Nori Canosa Burctiov.—A Raleigh cor. respondent of the Washington Union says thatit ym me, as I | Libbey, wh oll, of and tor Nantucket. |. A letter from Mr Weeks, 2d’ officer of ship Wm Wirt, of Fair haven, reports her at Paita May 3d, in charge of the mate, Mr Daggett. Capt Luce was drowned from a stoven boat on'the evening of Feb6, Bark Roscius, of NB, sid from Paita, May 1, and in going out of the harbor struck upon a sand bar, but was ot off With assistance from vessels in port, without injury, Heard date, ke, Dasdemonia, Taber, N Bedford, 125) sp; Co Mary Ann, Taber FIL a “Sd from /2a, bark Be ford, ona ciuise, 700 sp—Capt Manchester had recovered and rejoined his ship. Arrat Paita May 2, ehip Wm Nicoll, Lon+ don, 7 mos out, 40 ep. A letter from bark Roscius, Winslow, NB, reports her at Paita ° 20, with 1100 bbls s; Teh, bark Pilgrim, Clark, sypposed for Arrat Provincetown, ith, schr John Adams, Freeman, 3}; moa absent, 270 bbls sp 10 do black fish oil. Spoke Jaly 51 20, brig Cadmus‘ Soper, of Provincetown, 195 ‘Young, of do, 120 do, Ship Howard, from Mobila, July 22, 60 milos F Belize. Ship Medemeeh, Chase, from NYork for Vera Cruz, July 24, about 60 miles South of 3 W Pass. Bark Baltic of Thomaston, 6 days from NOrtoansfor Lisbon, no date, lat 26 30, lon 855, by the Frank at Norfolk, eek Bauline, Dunbar, from Boston for Gibraltar, Aug 3, lat 42 } lon 67. Brazoe, St J Chee n Collins, fr St Iago, July hr Eveline Ross, Collins, from NYork, 25th; Sa 17th, ship Elizabeth Eten, Ty ler, fares few days. (‘The bari Hahnemann, Lallett, from Nortel had not. rived.) Sld 18th, Reyal Sailor, Lenton, and Imperi Bearman, for Fortress Monroe; achr Volant, Paine, do. Havana, July 3—Bark Mary Broughton, Melcher, for Cowes anda wan cuore at £3 Vesta, Carlisle, for NYork, to load sugar at 15736 per box; Canton, Long, for Boston, to clear next day. Sid abt 2th, ship Russell, Symines, Matanzas, to finish lg St Jon, NB, July 4—Cld brig Druid, Shackford, NYork; greschr te, Holder, dy th eld bes tine, Kempton, do! ‘ot |, (new so 7 i i ca ronda . snp (with salt); Lafayette, Clit @ THomas, July 22—Sld bark Mara, Park, Caracon: 24th brigs Creed, Kilman, Arecibo; Iith, Hunt i oH vies Kilman, Arecibo; ith, Huntroes, Rice, Turks Leland; y Zynxs Istaxn, about Ang 1—Ship Thorndike, Child, from N ‘Tnixipan px Cuna, July 22—Bay ‘Treat, (of Bosto Littlefield, for Bremen, 3d Raneak Speeene hone (oe ae zas, to load for Enrope, just arr; brigs x. Barnes, for Philad, next day; W ——, trom do «iss: Cordelia, Snow, for Boston; schrs Elliott, Cook, for do; C1, Ellis, from do diag. BAUrmmoR®, of Roppabannce two fal ni bri Johannes, (Brem) St John, NYork. Norfolk. Reports . Bryan, NY ork; three barks, ‘schr, alf bound up, Cid ship ‘on Tritzen, Bremen; bark Afton, Bowman, Arietes, Jurkins Windies; Maria, Dissosway, lississippi, and Silas Richards, from New ‘York! idge, and Lawrence, Mayo, from Boston, are y josToN, August 8—Arr ships Statesman, Gilchrist, Newport, Wales, June 21; Serampore, Jolinson, NY ork; briga Ste ¥ loup, NOrleans, Toth; ima, Postel, Savaanstt Oceans Rider, ns Stanton, Baltimore; Casilda, Goodell ton, foe Pa 1, ‘Goodell, Carter Brax 1 Wass, Margaret Y Davis, Dyer, and China, 7, Philadelphia; Ransom, Marshall, ‘Cala’ rehra tere, Br) Chisholm, St Peters, Miq; Lowell, Baker, Richmond; Can: m, Baker, Norfolk; Jno Manlove, Erickson, Dover, Del; October, Baxter, Morris River, NJ; Grace Darling, Bartle ware: Independence, Blanchard, Pilot,” Polan son, J C Holt, Gookins, Taugent, Plummer, Hy Pa: ‘Crowell, and JP 4, —, Philadelphia; J P Bent; Means, Newark: Brave Lovel, Highlander, Nickerson, Peru, and Susan, Nickerson Albany; Peru, Small, Albany; United, Coleman; Troy: ‘Niagara Hato! \d_ Cornelia,’ Faulklin, NYork, ‘Telegraphed, land, torsburg, Hiome Ports. ug 9—Arr steamer terald, ship Misstasippl, Brynn, # '; sehre Ships a Boynton, John. ships (Br st} Lott, Liverpool, ‘via Halifax; Harding, NOrleans bark Guinare, Parham. St Po Vriga Clara, (Sw) Bergmon, Gottenburg; Franklin Ad: 4 SF sander, lond (oF Cuba; schrs Chas Allstar, Cole, Broder. icksburg; 7th, sche ‘Gul. naro; brig Themis, Fn. More 8 gly Norfolk ; aria, Pot ‘Trousers flows A febrig Helvelh _ tic gt ormys's Hone, Aug 7—Arr brig Helvellyn, Gilpattick, Wil mington, NC, for Kennebunk eT New Onueans, July 3l—Arr bark Croton, Soulard, NYork; schrs Portia, Huntington, Savannah; Major Bache, ——, Vera Cran; Ocean, (8) Freeborn, do; ng. Ist, arr starmehin Endors, Page, from Vera Cruz via Tam- fives, hips France. Nichols. Philadelphia: Abby Pratt, Sha iwerpcol; schrs William & Elizabeth, Rousmauiere, Rrasos Sai tiago; Gen Patterson, , Vora .ruz; Pasoazouls, Burns, Pe sacola. Cld, ships Roalm, Stevens, Antwerp; Harkaway, Pesosud, Liverpoo); barks Margaret, (Br) MeMullen, do; Condor, Whiting, Cadiz; brig Apalachicola, ‘Hammond, Pensacola: schr'Molintor, Coslovich, Campeachy. ‘Towed to een on the 23d ultimo, ships ‘Maid of Orleans and Arkaness, » Nonvoux, Ang 2—£ld echt Viotory, Mott, NYork, 7th, ate gchrs Fravk, McMath, Brazos Santiago; Wm H Thompson, Brown, idence, RI; Emeline, Lau 6—Arr sohr Susan, Kelly, Baltimore. nF 5—Arr sehr Susan, Russell, NYork. Rd, Ang 6—Arr vee Nonpareil, Brewer, Wilming- Experiment, Edding, Rappabannoel ayrowr, Avg )—Atr soht Hannth Grant, Smith, Bal- Piinapetenta, Avg 9—Arr barks Delaware, Fisher, Boston; Laconia, Howes, do; Lucerne, Nichols, do; brigs Hantsport, (Br) Holmes, Windacr, NS; Pauline, Flyun, Moston, Nancy, (Tir) Tay. lor, Fortune Islands schirs Hunter, Rayner, N¥orki Adeline Brusror. Thos Cern Boston: John P Smart, Whorton, rison, Baltimore, bound to Cohasset, New PORT, Au F Rosina, Williams, A le, Willams, N York: Goo Wash ington, Cai EA ‘well, Boston; Francis A Hawkins, Hulse, Bro hanie, Sctial, Proviience Proving 7—Are brigs ; Orray Taft, Mowry, do; sches Sam R , Neal, Fredericks: burg; Timothy Pharo, Line, Philadelphia; Anthrocophoro, Bwin, Rendout; Adventurer, Lewis, NYork; Francis Hallett. Church, ©; sloopadas L Long, Jonos, do; Excite, Becbo, do: Sarah Brew ter, Beche. di uth ham, do; Hrrdecrabble, Simmor 60, Long Island, Ttopesil and 2foro and aft ochrsy Philadelphia, K fy —Arr sebrs Gleanor, Sawver. Philada Cairo, HKondeut; Mrtaliuo, Siinontow, NYork; Horald, Dickey, Harrington, for St John, PI m Franktort, for fa Gtande. Cia Vs Matanay nena h npaon, Corson, N¥eR: Das Rainbow, Niokersan, do. Std ta’ Bure, Knapp, do: RUASE nith, Stamford, Conn; Conrien, Ri ty . Ang. t—Arr brigs Mav veers, to 1. st, Smit, Batiy (Ms); Wie Crawford, New York; Eecpire Ranter, da sche Jatin Phsindelphin” Cid sbipe Hartford, Sanmare Ahport, MeCormiek. don SM. whine Hartford, ‘ork; Southport, MeCowaiok, do; Ueig, Nathan man, New York: Sannerman, New Hole, Croswall, do, Passengers Arrived. Tr mail steasmer Tront—Mr Mae the democrats gain three members to the Legislature, they will hav wd ei vt | gaulay, oH Hherwle und fiamtiy, Me Banch, Yrodbatt, My Me Maure, Cape Bouveria, RN, wud mre Mr Frase ke Trani, Verkins—Mr B Pree CHARLERTON-- Ura Exuily © Gilliland, lady, fete Rakuten ead acs Funan. DAE Si "ony th wert! Gey, Cape Smatiwtod, and 4 in th mn yh in the atoges