The New York Herald Newspaper, July 27, 1848, Page 1

» would not consent to enter into thia Union, ui NO. 5165. cheniineeabarnatiadibasiy INTERESTING DEBATES !N CONGRE 5S, THIRTIET!! CONGRESS, PIKST SRSSION. Ss unite Wastin a Weather oppressively hot. spectutors in the gulleries sent in the Senate. THE NAGRO QUESTION CONTINUED. On metion of Mr Cias rox, the Semate resumed the ‘Dill providing territorial yuvernamnts for the three territories of Oregon, New Mexico and California, The Vick Presipant annouveed the question first to be upon the awendaent offered by Mr, Halo, to strike out from the dih section the words free white,’ 80 a8 Lo extend the eleetora’ franchise to all males over 21 years, without distinetion «t col MR NDI OL 8 IDEAS. Mr, Unvanwoon, from a sense ot justice to himself and bis constituents, thouyhi it his duty to give an ition of his opini ux upon the great subject which is before the Senate. He believed in the power of Congress to legirlate over the subject of slavery ia the territories. In the committee, anxious for « paci- fication of this vexed que: tion, he had propo-ed the re- jon and extension of the Missouri compromise; Dusit had failed. He bad them proposed anotter plan to the committee, which was to provide a territorial government for cach of the three territories, or to give a tive assembly to cuch—to leave them ali frev to or exolude slavery ut their pleasure; but in re- ference to New Mexico and (California, oo acoount of he barbarian ignoraues of the sh'rtless mixed brevds of Indians and Mexicans. which constitute (he ma-3 eof the population, be would allow them one branch of ive assembly tu be elected by themselves, other to be constiiuted of the Governor and Judges, to be appointed by the President—each branch to have # negative upon the other.— Thua would these poor dually prepared for th utes of & sovereign people: the inhabitants of all these territories to decide us ter- Fitories and as states whether they shall adopt the in- stitutions of the North or uf the South. He thought that, after the Missouri compromise, this was the only lam of settlement. He next gave a series of statistics the history of slavery in the several States going to show that from al causes the institution of slavery recedes to the kouthward ; that. therefore, beyond a certain latitude aloug the Pacific, if left to the people, slavery would never be planted. because & cannot, north of certuin Intitade. and morth of the cultivation of certain products.be rendered protitable as | free labor. Passing then to « consideration of the ¢ vloni- aation plan of extinguishing sluvery.the erudite Sonstor argued that by a plau of ansporting all female slaves as they arrive at the age of puberty, and males at the of twenty-one, im less thun tifty years the expenses the Mexican would remove slavery from the Union. next pleaded that while a dissolution of the Union would rapidly Wad to the abolitivn of Slavery, it would also fill the northern States with the runaway slaves of the South; thus, while it would In- flict upon the South the greatest annoyance, and, %, July 25, 1848. a ‘congregation of sble quoram pre- Resp perbaps, the greatest dangers, it would inflict upon the North, inthe accumulation of a back population, the greatert annoyance. fle next conteuded, in be- half of the le of the Sonth. an equal right in the territories of the Union Fiually, Mr. Underwood de- | olared, that though indisposed to support the bill. his amen: nts having failed, he would yet wait, before desiding conclusively us to his course. for the opi- nions of his friends of the South in this discussion. MR. BUTLER s viKWs. Mr. Bururr—I have forborue making any remarks upon this subject heretofere, xnd would not now have poe upon it, in ail probability, but fur the remarks, | extraordinary attack \pon an institution peculiar tothe Seuth, made yesterday, by the Senator from | Ohio, (Mr. Corwin) The question, as I now take it, | is between fifteen States of this Union. struggling for ‘an unlimited coutrol over territory which jointly be- | lor to the whole Union. and fifteen other States | which are contending for what.1 solemnly believe are | no more than their political rights, as oitizeus of this | confederacy. I am reminded by the Senator from Obio, thet the States of South Carolina and Gectiia | nder | your federal constitution. without aguarantee tothem | of the continuance of the African re trafiic for mnty years. And the Sepator said that better | tea those States been forever exoluded from the Union, than that this concession should ‘have been made. So! ray, sir, bad better South Caro- Una and Georgia stood out and refused for ever to | e ‘is Union, than that their descendants should be ineulted, trampled under foot, and told of their in- feriority. He adverted to the taunts thrown out yes- terday, by the Senator from Ohio, against poor worn- out Virginia Yes. sir. but the Senator forgot that he has gone out of ber borders to build up the States of | the great West. Were the South for ever to be taunt- od with their inferiority und degradation? Mr. Butler ‘argued the equal rights of the South, in the common territories of the Union, following the opinions hereto- | fore expressed by Mr. Calhoun Sir, the Senator from Obie, with his uncommon powers of eloquencs. his un- | rivalled invective, sercnsm, and ad captandum argu- ments, would bave it appear that a profeund mo- rality is his contro!ling impulse. My opinion is, that ambition is at the bottom of it. t put it | down to morality. The morality of the North on this subject reminds me of an anecdote which the Sexate excuse mein relating Many years ago, at a cer- tain religious feast given romewhere in New England, a dish of venison graced the board from a deer fresh Killed in the boring woods. As a proper act in the religious ceremonies of the day, @ blessing was arked upon the venison; but eubsequently it was dis- covered that Pequod, the ladian, had killed the on Sunday. Herewasa dilemma. But it was finally agreed that the blessing on the venison had removed the difficulty as far as the meat was concerned, and to clear their consciences entirely, the brethren ordered that Pequod be given thirty-nine lashes. Such is the morality of the Korth; they will share us the profits of @lavery, but to clear their consciences they would give ‘us the thirty-nine lashes. The political morality of New York reminds me of Tristram Shandy, Tristram. ‘Tristram ! can good come outof Tristram? With several other hits at the wercen +t spirit of the Worth with all their professions of morality, Mr. Butler came to consider an argument of Mr. Baldwin to the effect that slaves carried from the limits of the local juris- diction to which they belong on ship board, became free. Mr. Batowin explained. Tho l:ws of the State whe-ce the slaves are taken, do not accompany them on the rhip. Mr, Butier—So I understand you, sir, Mr. Ba.owrs cited a case from the Supreme Coart. Mr. Burien appealed to the guarant ‘es of the con- stitution. Mr. Batpwin referred to avother case of the Su- Court. which sustains the assumption that bas no power and uo control ov r the trans- fer of slaves between the States, as merchandize. Mr, Burten—The gentleman's doctrine is, that if slaves are taken off in « +hip and are drifted into a Neethern port, they are free, and we have no power to recover them; but Mr Butler continued. that it was the duty of the Northern States to restore slaves to their masters, whether arr ving in the North by land orses, Gentlemen talk of the concessions made by ‘this bill, The bill makes, I confess, very great con- cessions on the part of the South. Suppose wo take the Missouri compromise— will gentlemen say, ‘that under it they would not contend for the exclu- sion of slavery South of the line? Do they not, on the contrary, go directly against it? ihey say no, we will take all we can get north of 36:30, and will fight forallrouth. 1 do not ask, Mr. President, to mace o compact with a hand that has a sword over it—if I m m agreement, | desire that it should be honest and above board But, sir.as this appears the only rao icable compromire that we can get, | do not Keow but that ? sh ll feel it to be my Juty to sup- port it. MR, FOOTH’s REVIEW OF THE CAs. Mr. Footer pres nted as an apology for his trespass- ing now upon the patience of the Senate, the extraor- inary attitude in which he was ms le to stand before the country. He had been set down —y an influen- tial wapaper, the Charleston Mercury, as worse than an abolitionist. and as worse than the Sena- tor from New Hampshire, (Mr. Hale,) which that Se- Rator will be ax much astonished to hear as I was, Yer, sir, the opinion is expressed that [ am, upon this absorbing question before us. a more dangerous cha- Facter to the South than the Senator from New Hamp- shire himeelf. Mr. Burien said the statement was made without ‘@ny authority from the people of South Carolina, Mr. Foote was aware that the distinguished Sena- tor, his relative, if he might «ay so, would disclaim any authority for the decinrution of the Mercury, and yet he proceeded to a defence of his course on this sub ject, which he maintained needed no defence, where jis sentiments were understood or not perverted The learned Senater from Mississippi spoke then, as first proposition. liy upon the institution, ang with all the evile charged upon it, he maintained that it had civilized end distinguished the African race in this country; and that to the pernicious African slave trade iteelf are we to attribute the plaati @ civilized and Christian. republic of ‘the black race on the coast of Africa. He came next to ‘@ mere painful duty in thie discussion He strained to declare the necessity which led him to differ with many of his distinguished friends from the North ‘and the South upon this compromise. What- ever other gentlemen might suppose, I have be alarmed at frequent signs around us, threatening a dissolution of this Union ; and my alarm ix becoming more and more intense every day The pillars of our fair republican fabric, reared by the wisdom of our fathers, have been terribly shaken by this tempest in the North. It war this alarm, and his love of the Union, whieh had ma im anxious for a compromise, His heart was full of compromise ; but the diffieuity to» compromise is not yet removed, He exaimined most ly the declaration of Mr. Calhoun of the preme power of Congress over the and the ter- Titeries of the Union. ax ivy pewnids else than the ‘Wilmot proviso from head to foot, soul and body. In contradistinetion to the ground of General Cass, this doctrine of the Sewator from South Carolina was most dangerous to the right« of the South, L concur also in the moat able argument of the Senator from Vermont, (Mr Phelps) that if the question of mavery in California aud New Mexico were referred to Supreme Court as now constituted, it would be de- olded in fayor of the North. Aud | believe, sir, that if the immortal Marshall sod Story could again take Places upon the Supreme bench, sud this ques ere « ~ tio were to come before them, they would have to de- cide against ux, Gentlemen of the South, where or: we? Oh, where are we now? Is not the sacriiice in | ) thie compromise all on our side? With some hits at New Englnnd slavery, and the hurd masters which tl Yankees became im & large part of California was ade pted to sugar, others rice and tobat Southern Sta‘es; bat by this compromise we not be deburred entering into that territory? Yet he did not say that he should vote against this cempromise. ‘he Union, with him, was the firet. consideration and the’ last. From @ wide range upon the geueral awakening over the werid of the principles of liberty, Mr. Foote return- e410 the direct question of «awry. He contended that slavery could not exirt in ‘Ualiforvia and New ‘xico without special legislation, Suppose under this Jaw, by which any territorial legislation upon slavery is prohibited im these territories, a man shouid go out to California with one bundred Flaves, and should got into & collision with one of them, and the slave should cu: tigate him, where is bis redress? The black Was str cken first, he defended himself till be vangaish- ed his adversary.” Where is the redress to the master? ‘Where. on the ether hand, will be the redress to the slave, if he is kantonly maltreated, for all legislation on the subject is forbidven ? Mr. Arcnisox—Did I understand the Senator to say that without some special legisiation slavery cannot exirt in Cabforuia and New Mexico? Mr. Foots—tdid not say that it cannot exist, but that that was the inference, Slaveholders are men of sense. The bill giveagbem no protection in the new territories. and witl rotection they will not go | there Mr. Foote allministered a caustic lecture to the Senator/rom Ohio, (Mr. Corwin,) for bis extraor- inary speech of yesterday. ‘That Senator: by his me- Racing looks alone, revealed his hostility to the South, while wrath and vituperation streamed from his tongue, and_vengeauce, like that of the fery violosk. red with blocd, beliowed trom bis linge, I Know not how any | man couid utter such sentiments who respects his | country Mr boote pasted tow review of the desolating effects of the speech cf air. Corvin on the Mexican war—how it roused the indignation and s! troops in Mexico, and how it inspired ou prolong their resistance 1 could have wept tears of sorrow and shame, that so brilliaut » genius as that of the honorable ‘Senator should thus be arrayed in all its strength against the honor and the ebarso'er of four common conntry. Mr. Foote . parsing from thie castigation, which he pro-eolted for some ten minutes, came to ask the Houerable Senator the terms upon which he intended to support General Taylor. ivr Corwin said, that the terms upon whieh he Dd the free States would support him would be, that jeneral Taylor stands comumitied not to veto a bill which might be passed extending the Wilmot proviso over the Lerritories cf the United States. - Mr. Footx—It is the same hing So I understood the Senator. The hero of Buoun Vista betweea the Nexth and the South, isina bad way. Wich a speci- fication of his several otjectious t» the bill, and of the several compromises whieh inight have been succussful, Mr, Foote expressed his intentiou of eupporting this bill, from that high consideration that its object was the Larmony of the Union Mr. Wxs1co1t next took the floor, and argued that the power of Congress to legislate over the territories was limited to general objects, and referred to a oon- troverry between the elder Adam- and story of 1774, om the question of the right of the British Parliament to legielate fur the Am rican colonies, as involving the exact merits of this discussion, The power which the tory then claimed for Great Britain, is the powor which is now claimed for Congress over the territorios. | Fifteen years ago. in the territory of Florida, he re- sisted the act of the Legislature to incorporatea bank for fifty y He strove to restrict the Legislature to municipal police regulations ‘his was the uoctrine he then maintaingd, and would now maintain. Therecords Of Flvrida would show this tobave been his position, and he would append extracts from them to his speech, Ax to the arrangement which it issaid is made in the bill, by which the subject of slavery copld be ref-rred and decided by the Supreme Court, it was nothing new—ii always existed. The law which could not be reviewed and decided upon by the courts, would bo the most tyrannical which ever existed on the face of God’searth. Give me, said Mr. Westcott, » despotism, in preterence to legislation over which the supreme Court could exercise no power. [ could put an end to 4 despot by a thrust of a dagger ; but to such legisla- tion thkre could be no remedy. Mr. Westoott then Tead reveral exiructs trom messages of Monroe and Jack-ou. to show that the power of the Supreme Court to arbitrate upou disputed points of the consti- tution always existed and was never denied. He con- tended that the rights of’ the States were sovereign, and that the United States had ov right to dictate what jocal legislation should exist in these sovereign States ; and if this was disputed the Supreme Court was the tribunal to decide, He had every contidence in the integrity of that Court; sad ue leew from experience, that if the territorial affairs were left to Congress, they would be nejected as the aflairs of Florida, when @ territory, had been, | The, doctrine that a slave is free the moment he touches a free State, if brought there voluntarily by his master, is @ very recent doctrine, and one which is nottenuble; it is the same dectrine which the B: bamian authorities bad the insolenee to urge in 1843, when the slaves of the Alliance rese upon their mas ters om the coast ef Florida, and murdered them; and the British authorities refused to give the murderers up, when they took refuge in the Bahamas. All the arguments that are urged in favor of the rights of slaves, are borrowed from the emancipation of the Wert Indies. | shall vote for the portion of the biil with respect to Oregon, as Congress by it does not in- terfere with the sovereign rights of that territory: 1 vote for the other part, it will be under duresse, and because | cannot vote withthe Senators from Ohio ind Connecticut; as I believe that upon this subject they cannot be right. [shall not decide yet whether 1 vote for the bill or not; if | vote for it, it will be, | re- eat under duresse; and I beg nover to be responsible for it, for I believe that so far as regards California, New Mexico, and that a worse bill never could be de- vised. 1 will, therefore, reserve my vote till the last. Mr. Barowin mede an explanation regarding a legal case cited by him yesterday, and coutroverted by senators to-day Mr. Benuren denied the correctness of the case cited; it had been incorrectly reported, as could be jo | fit onl; jouth, Mr. Foote exhibited that and that there was space for several | Do seen by the decision pronounced by the court itself. Mr. Bacowrn further explained, that the mistake arose in attributing the opiuion to the court, instead of to a number of the judges of the court. Mg. Jonson said, before he proceeded to offer the remarks he intended to offer, and whiob would apply more particularly to what fell from the Senator from Ohio (Mir. Corwin) yesterday, he wished to present two amendments to the bill, to remedy the alleged defect in the 24th section, although. in his opinion, there was nothing to prevent the Supreme Court of the United States from taking cognizance of the cases likely to grow up, even if the matter in controversy did not amount to $2000, should such be the pleasure of Congress; and, as an instance, Congress gave the power of appeal ‘to the Supreme Court, in cases of $200, brought in the District of Columbia, Mr Johnson read his amendwents. which stated, that cases brought tor the recovery of slaves, #hail be brought betore the Supreme Court, free of costs to the slave. He moved further to amend the 26th section, #0 as that the pro- hibition, in the cases of California and New Mexico, against legislating on the subject of slavery. shail be confined to African plavery,whereby the raid territories will be left free, if 80 dispored, to act in the auppression Of Peon slavery, or slavery for debt. Mr Jobuson said be would proceed now (6 o'clock PM, after # session of seven Roure of the tnost sultry day of the whole year.) to address the Senate upon’ these propositions aud the general subject, if they were willing to hear im. Mr. Maxauat—I move you, sir, that the Senate ad- journ. (Oh, no! no! Goon! goon!) Mr. Hanrcan obtained leave to offer a resolution, to wit, that the Senate take # recess to-morrow, from 4 to 6 @olog P.M. r . CLAYTON bere rose, and suggested that it was due to the Senator from Maryiand that the Senate do now adjourn; and he would make the motion, with the understanding that the vote shall be had upon the bill to-morro Mr. Bavarn was understood as not assenting to this understanding. And the Senate adjourned. | House of Representatives. | Wasniwaton, July 21, 1848, | THE CONTEST RENEWED. The House has decided that the veto is right, and should be continued in the bill. bili im consequence of the threat Veto, we are pot worthy to BSccupy our beats, and are that the whigs would stand up, although the Preataene and bit friends thunder in their cars “veto! veto” gentlemen deny that the people are capable uf should | self-government? Mr. Wenrwonrn (in consequence of a remark made by Mr Smith) arked : Am [ not cousiatent? Mr. Suitu—The gentleman voted for rivers and harbors, but when he comes to tho presidency, he votes for # man who vetoes river and harbor billa. Mr. Wentwon —I will not do it next time. Mr. 8: ‘4 — Who will you vote for? Mr, WaotwourtH—A river and harbor maa, [ Who" Mr. Screwox—I should like to know what tho gon. tleman raid there was ‘so mueh noise nod confusion here.” (Hatha! ba! “A good hit at Cass") Mr. Sairi -I should like to know from the gentle- man from Iinois what are the opinions of General ase, * Mr Wentworta—Aak somebody else, I Ra in Congress with Gen, Casa three sessions voted uniformly alike on the river and harbor bills. He and | used owr influence with Mr. Polk to sign. the Dill which he vetoed. If Gen. Taylor wilido as much on this subject as Gen. Case I will not complain. ‘THE LITT BOOK—GEN, Cass’s PRINCIPLRS. Mr. S17H—With the pleasure of the House, I will produce a small book. (It was about an inch square ; the exhibition produced excestive laughter.) Like the Primer of John Rogers, 1 leave you here a little book, ‘That you may look upon, ‘That you may see your father's face When he is dead «nd gone. a'ba!| Here is a little book, that the demo- # may see their “father’s face when he gene.” 1 will read the book without clerk to do so. (Looking into it.) It is cording to an Act of Congress, in the a been year 1948, by General Consent.” [“ What is the title?”] i believe I will send the document to the clerk, ‘The little book was conveyed to the desk by one of the little clerks. (Ha! ha! be!) Mr. Wextwontn—I hope the time occupied in read- Ing it will not come out of the gentleman's hour? The Creux commenced rading: “ Detroit, May 17,"—[* Wahat in the title of the book?” Mr. Saitu--Goneral Cass's letter to the Chicago | Convention, entered by General Consontin the United | States Clerk's office ‘The Crenx then read the letter from General Cass, | deolining to attend the Chicago Convention on inter- | nal improvements, (Ha! ba! ba!) Mr. Suitn—It isa very important document. (“It's | Sgcodletter.” “It is more than General Taylor has sad. Mr, Wextwonrn—General Cass has voted for every river and harbor bill. Mr. Smitn—-He is as unfortunate as the gentleman himecif, but has not so good an excuse. The geatle- man was not prevented by * the noise and coofusion " from giving his opinion on this interesting subject. Mr. Wextwoatn-1 hope the gentleman will give General Taylor's opinions administratiag, to show that Gonvral Cass, while | Congress | several.editions of the *T. charged that they were de«\ynvd to doceive. THE OTHEN SIDE, Mr. Tnoorsox, of Mississippi expressed the hope ino Dill, with the appro- in it, ehpuld bo to our ten that ifthe general papryyri priation for the Savannuh rive prevented to the President, tignature. Is it to provok a veto? He hope not, but he was induced to beliove it was, MM MORNING, JULY 27, 1848. . If wo recede from the,| retary of Warf allowed pay for services not performed, of the Presidential” even when his favorite forged his official signature. | ‘This waa a picture, not druwn by General Cass himself to be the slaves of a despot. Mr. Smith trusted, —not extoried in the excitem@nt of the moment, but it is the language ofa bigh :ovicod man, on his oath before Mr. Goggin referseato the dinparigy in the * of General Cass.’ and ho #will withhold his cs le entered into a history of the owpitelation of Mon- pudia had dtceived GeneraP Ta yior | aojustified bis own conduct. in the vote of thanks to General ‘Tay terey,in condemnation; wod said that General Am- atrick, He al- {Whing » proviso to last Congress, that the thanks “ shall not be coartrued into approba- aistice tion oF dlsapprobation'of the s i rom * grors slande?s «ndeindlushing false ed Dimeelt hoods" | the office of Lieutenant | bo pl ave bir reasons why he sWeld vote against General " and defend- in the Life of Gouginl Taylor, iasued by the We have | Congressional Whig Committye, with reference to his | (Mr. Thompson's) courve ov the proposition Co create Ta conclusion. he ‘wylor. one of which was. tbat General Caylor belongs to the standing army ; to the rani from which those who ‘have overturnad repnbljes have beon taken. He wears the epauietter on his shoulder, and the sword at his side. and commands xa army Mr. Thom | no objections to Washingtoy a taken frem the walk« of pt ple, had left thearmy, THE REASONS FOR KOTING AGAINST THE BILL, Mr. Baanow said that the ed as traitors because they vote for every thing which the oxccative demand: becaure they refused to s uo the recommen | for ten additional reginy every breeze co- ming from Mexico. brought the glad tidings ofpence,they were ebarged with moral tren Avg here, in this hall, when it is said the wheels, unless the appropriation bili be passed, democrats voted against it an@ defeated it. As to the motives which influenced gentlemen, te formed his own opi- pions ; one of which was. that the man who is at the head of this pation is ag the end of hjs career, Onl; a few more favors are to be obtained from him, and it is more important to battie for the nomination of the Baltimore Convention than to prepitiate or uphold the like Mr. Webster, in the Senate. do not turn to their god the « he rore, Beside, it was important that every point for their advantage should be safely ond securely guarded. the sunflower, the} bad not voted for extravags nt appr priations, General Jeckron eaid that Congress way too much influenced by the executive ; and when be resigned his seat in the Senate. in 1885. he addressed a letter to the Te ce Legislature, taking the yround that the Presi- dent ough to be elected directiy by the people, and that no member of Congress chould be appointed to Mr. SwrrH—General Taylor was not provented by “the noise and confusion” from giving his opinions. Generai Cass, at Cleveland; was called upon to de- nounce thé calumny that he was opposed to river and harbor improvements, He said that. unfortunately, there was so much noise and confusion” that he was not able to express his opinions, The gentleman from Ilinois said that General Cass was in favor of river and harbor bills, and said that he voted for certain bills. | Let me ask the gentleman whether ho has seon the lut- | ter of General Cass accepting the nomination of the | Baltimore Convention? Ho says that he approves of ; every eentiment and principle in the democratic reso- jutions Mr. Wextwortu—Will the gentleman let me say aword? Does General Tayler endorse the prineinies of the Philadelphia Convention? (Ha! hu! ha! Mr. Smitu—Every member of tho House knows that the Baltimore Convention took the broadest ground against internal improvements, and endorsed every veto; and yet the gentleman contends that General Case is in favor of these works! Mr. Wentwontn—Certainly he is, « Mr. Smitu—If General Cass should be elected. we will see a repetition of the Kane letter. In the South | his claims are advocated because he is bi harey to the vetoes. Does not the gentieman know that the opin- ions of General Cass at one time are not his opinions at another time? He is @ mere weathoroock on the vane, turned by every wind. | regard the Presidential ; election as completely settled as it will be on the 7th | of November. The people no time-serving dema- | egue, no political trickster; they waut a man who, in ges language, bas “no enemies to punish. no friends toreward? Mr. Smith enlarged upon ,Gen. Taylor's views onthe veto power, and defended ‘Mr. Clay from the taunts thrown out by )ir. Iverson, not forgetting to say a word with reference to “father Ritchie's vitu- expired ; himeelf, ‘like an anaconda, around the two Houses of Congress, and was almost toe strong to grapple successfully against his wishes. The Exe- cutive ought to come to Congress. rather than Con- gress go to him. and, bowing down at his foutstool, say, May it please yopr Majesty, wiat law shall we pass, and what measure will meet with your royal approbi tion.” He would act for him If he had been present yesterday, he wonid have voted fer the bill; he would therefore vote for the reconsideration, and against striking out the item whieh had given rise to the existing difficulty. He was willing to go before the country on this issue; be woold submit to the firm- hearted and sound-headed- people of the Nerth, East, South and West, whetber the m leoted to represent them in this ball, shall, before the: ES ° kndw the wishes ot the Executive, Mr. Mrape—I would ark the thinks the President ought to veto the bill, if he be- liever it contains an unconstitutional provision ? Mr. Baxrow—I do; but thix dors not approach the arguments! made use of We have noright to inquire tional. We aro the majority an answerto the gentleman Mr. Evans, of tion, and under its operation, the vot of the Houso;-and this is question. é , dill was rejected was reconsidered: Mr. Cops. 0’ Georgia, movett arconsideration of ‘oe red. to be engrossed for And the House etijourned. ; Wasrixcron, Suly 24, 1848. ADJOURNMENT OF CONGRESS, © Mr. Cuincman obtained.the floor in the stru Bhd asked leave to effer # resolution, that the peration.”” ; { MATTERS AND THINGS GENERALLY, Mr. Stcant, of Miobigan said that seventeen whigs who were for the eppropriation for the Savannah ri- Yer, voted against the civil and diplomatic appropria- | tion bill. There ‘@ majerity of twenty-three against the bill, Eleven on the democratic side voted | for it. For himself, he would never vote to stop the wheels of the government He voted in committee and in the House against this item, because it was iny troduced in violation of the rules of the House. [f the vote by which the bill was rejected shall be recon- sidered, he would move that the item be stricken out, | While he wouid yote for bills for internal improve- | ments, within limits which the constitution wil: justi- fy, he would never consent to legislate evideutly for the purpose of forcing a veto, or making an argument | against the democratic party by forcing tho President to tign the bill with the objectionable item in it. Such , conduct was not reepectfal to the President. The | whigs dare not go before the people with their princi- | es inscribed on their banners, us in 1840, when they bea their hard cider, their corn dodgers, coon skias, and their miserable emblems, which do not indicate anadberance to reason. Gentlemen will find that all the States will not respond to the nomination of the Philadelphia Convention. They were Tylerized, but will not be Taylorized. This Capitol could “a tale unfold,’ to show whore opinions the Alison letter re- flects, Whats a moderate whig, “not an ultra whig,”’ in contrast with awhig? Although there are aboli- tionirts from Massachuretts and New Hamp-hire, and slaveholders from the South, they come up in solid phalanx to every thing which oppores the democracy. Although it has been six weeks since the letter was written to General Taylor advising him of his nomi- nation, it has not reached him. He lives off the mail route. The General, never travels, except with the | twoor three men who have him in charge The resolu- tions of the Committee on Commerce, condemning | the veto of the President, etc, was ineulting to Mr. | Polk. The letter of General which was this | morning read, was a private letter, addressed to an in- dividual, saying that it was out of his power to attend the Chicago Convention, General Cass's opinions on river and harbor improvements are ture of that kind.’ As to the little book, the whigs got it up; itis one of the emblems of the campaign, addressed to the senses of women and children, ani nottomen, The whigs dare not let their candidate express his opinions, ‘They put Harriton under keepers, and have placed Taylor under keepers. The reply of General Taylor will not be received untilafter the election, Mr. Ovrtaw—The letter to General Taylor from the of June. Mr. Srvant—Why did it not reach its place of des- tination ? Mr. Outtaw—Because tha democratic postmaster would not let it go. [fla! ha!) Mr. Stvant—The democratic postmaster don’t know General Taylor’s principles, and yet he keeps back the letter! That is whiggery, with a vengeance. [ be- Heve that tie mails are pretty certain between here and Buffalo. Where is Fillmore? It isasid in the newspapers that the whigs do not want to publish his letter until they hear from General Taylor. They want to see whether the two letters agree. They had no principles for the public eye. Mr. Hatt, of Missouri -1 inform the gentleman that he is mistaken the Buena Vista, a paper printed in Baltimore Mr. Stuant—'The letter will come ; { believe it is on its way, but it is coming remarkably slow. The whigs will do what they condemn. If they charge the de- moeratic party with trickery aud treachery, be assu- red they will resort to it themselves, Mr Stuart The House resume t the consideration of the motion to reconsider the vote by which the civil and diplo- matic bill was yesterday rejected. Mr C. B, Smirn, of Indiana, remarked that a mom- ber of the Indiana Legislature was asked the secret of bis popularity, He replied that he had made it # rule never to vote for # tax on the people, nor for an appro- priation, and he could go upon the stump and arrsign those who voted for extravagant taxes, On the Navy appropriation bill, passed at this ion, forty-one votes were recorded against it, thirty-four of which were democratic. He had beard no partioular objeo- tion urged to the bill. On the fortification bill there were sixty-one votes in the negative, only two of which were cast by whigs. The gentieman from Michigan, (Mr. McClelland.) yesterday, wanted to know why some whigs voted against the appropriation of $50,000 for the Savannah river, in the committee, and for itin the House, Sofar from exciting prejudice. this is an every day occurrence. The whigs had no desire to shrink from responsibility. ‘They were willing that the vote should be recorded on the journal The gentle- man from North Carolina, (Mr. MoKay,) said that if the whige would consent to strike out (he objectiona- bie item, the democrats would vote against it, Mr Sawren—I will not vote for it if the amendment is stricken out, Mr. Smitn repeated, that the gentleman from North Carolina pledged hix democratic friends t they would vote for the bill if the Savannah River appropriations were stricken out, The bill ap- re priates four oF five millions of dollars, and is it to be lost beeaure this item of fifty thousand doilars isin it? We are to consider the question, then, whether the House eball strike out the item. Mr. Smith «poke in favor of the appropriation for the Savannah river, and said that the democratic Ae ew in 1839, inserted in. the general appropriation bill « similar item, which wan epproved by a democratio Presidente, ihe them ie , thin bill is proper and expedient, yot we are sak to rece An argument i* brought ‘ward that, unless it be stricken out, he will veto the bill! Ifgeutlemen suppore that we are to be at the Presidential | veta, and shaken from our duty, they are mistaken, wamed his hour in speaking of the principles of the d jocrats, and the tactics of the whigs, and in conclu- sion he said that he was for Cass, because, in his elec- tion, the democrats would sustain the principles of eare, * THE DIFFERENCE BETWERN THE TWO PARTIES, Mr. Gocain, of Virginis, obtained the floor, and commenced his remarks, when Mr. Lana arose toa point of order, and objected to the gentleman's course of remarka. The Srraxxr—The bill of itnelf involves appropria- tions for all the departments of the goverument for another year, and embraces every question... Mr. Gocars#resumed, and said, that yonterday, for the first time, gentlemen wore « in discussing, not the merits of a bill, but the opinions of the execu. tive; and he would say, with all respect, that badly as he thought of modern democracy, and as well as he thought of the principles of those ‘opposed to it. he could not find language sufficiently «trong to stamp it with reprobation, The votos of the demoeratie party for the last twenty years, have been to concentrate all the power of the republic in the hands of one man. If there were no other issue in the Presidential con- test but General Ta, the little book on the other, that would be a platf em broad enough on which to stand. The whigs plant their foot where they stood in 1882, when the whig party was again reformed. The whigs are against ox- eoutive power ; the democrats are for the veto as a monarchical power Mr. Goggin quoted from former speeches of General Bayly, delivered in Virginia, to thow incondateney, and was about to read what Mr. Wire raid, when Mr Bayi requested him, if he had anything far- ther to ray about him, «Mr Bayly) that he would do #0 now, for be wax about to leave the ball did not appear to haye anything more to say on that point, and Mr. Bavry, picking up his hat, bade Mr. Goggin good morning, and left the House. Mr, Gouuin then referred (o Mr, Wise's report of thy investigating committer, durieg General Inchon» Mr. Gow | meridian. not unknown. He, in the Senate, voted for every mea- | President of the Senat Of Representatives. ad gress, on Monday, the tth of Atgust aext,at 12 There befng objection, Mr. ©1. GMAN moved a sus- nsiow of the rules prescribing ih« order of business, | enable him to introduce the resolution ‘A mestage wus, at this juncture, received from the Prerident of the United States, informing the House that he had signed the bill makiug provision for the retention of the general officers of the army, &c.;and communicating © message in writing bar Coun, of Georgia—I move that the message be read. The Sreaxrx—There is a question pending before | the House. M Cuineman—I hope the message will not now be read; let my resolution be acted upon first. [“No, no,’? © Ob yor.”?) ‘The Sreaxen—The question is on a suspension of the rules. Mr. Streuens—I ask for the yeas and nays. [“Agreed, agreed,’’ ‘‘I ts of no use."’ Mr. Cuinaman—Do I undersiand that there is ob- jection to the introduction of the resoiution? The Sreaxen—Objection has beep made. Mr. Buat—I rise to o privileged question, It 1s known that the House has adopted a resolution, fixing atime of adjournment. The resolution w..s sent to the Senate. and [ submit whether, until it be there dis- pored of, it be competent for the House to adopt this resolution. ‘The Sreaxer—The House canno: know whether the Senate has acted upon the resolution sent to it; no information bas been officially Mr. Burt—It is an unusual ‘The Sreaken—The res Mr. Boat—If the reso cluarly in order. on were finally rejected in the Senate, would not that body send a message to the Heuse ? ‘The Sreaxen—No ; unless as a tnatter of courtesy. ‘the rules were sucpended—yeas 110, nays 54; und under the operation of the p tion the reso- lution was agreed to—yens 1 AGE FROM THE PRESIDENT RITORIES—WHAT WE HAVE GAINKD HY THE TREATY, ke the President, received this mor fore the House. If there be obj euepension of the rules. [*No objection.” read "1 To the House of Representatives of he United States : In answer to the resolutions of the House of Repre sentatives, of the 10th instant. requ in relation to New Mexico and (a cate herewith reports from the 5 rit tary ¢ | comuunit | the Secretary of the N: | accompany the same. These reports contain information upon th embraced by the resolutions. on tad Paid out of the treasury of the United states. jackson ; they were ife Jackson and &rmy and nav. Harrison. when pfesented ior the suffrages of the pee- igs had been denoune- /)designated by them to control the veinporary govern cht thay ought not to ments have also, in some instances, been superseded by nd 7 government.will stop @ treaty of pexce with Mexico, which was proc expiring administration of Mr. Polk, As was said by the R fuce they did when States They who voted against the bill could say that they Congress of Tr xus, passed in December, 1835, her west- office until two years utter his term of service hag dt ting on that part of the Rio Grande which lies buiow for, he said, the exeentive had coiled the province of New Mexico, she had never conquer- whom they bave se. | people iu posession, our forces conquered thom sad ome to's decision in legislative measures, seek to | Which they actualiy occupied, in lieu of the soversign- tleman whether he | or change the practical boundary line iu the midst of | whether the Executive thinks the item unconstitu- | jaryland, moved thy pragious ques- | 2 2g which the | Speaker of the House urn the two branches*vf Con- ‘clock | Mr. Conn, of Georgia—! wove that the message of ug, be now laid be- tions | shail move a “Read, ag information State, the President of the Convention was written on the 9th Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of Wan, and with the doduments which 4 documents overa! poluts of inquiry The proper limits and boundaries of New Mexico and (aliformia” are deli- neated in the map referred to in tho late treaty with h Mexico, an authentic copy « ith ‘tras mitted ; and all the additional infor hject, and also the most wot to the population of these re: which is in the possession of the b found in the accompanying report of the Secretary 1 State. ‘mation in re- stion upon that ctive provinces, ative, will be f ‘The resolutions request information in regard to the existence of civil governments in New Mexico and | stituted,” b; information “in relation to the estabiishment or organ. ization of civil governments in avy portion of the ter. ritory of Mexico which hasor might be takea posses. T saw something from the general in California ; their “form and character.” by “whom in- ‘eo 22. 1546, in answer toa entalives, eallitag for sion of by the army or navy of the United States,’ I communicated the orders which bad been given to the officers of our army and navy, and stated the general the party for which they had contended for twenty | authority upon which temporary military governmento Mexico then in our military oceupat ‘The temporary tuted by virtue of the rights of war. The it according to the gen under our constitution. of the President, as t! chief of the army and navy of the United State: prosecute it, In prosecuting a foreign war, th Congress, we have the right by tary occupation ries of the enemy, fullert rights of sovervignty over it” of the enemy isin such case © vuspende can “no longer be rightfwily enforced ' over the con quered territory, or “be tants who remain and subi the surrender, the inhabitants * ary allegiance” to the cong auc pass nise and im, there can be no claim to obedience" and practised by civilized nations; and the count . The rd vc * our army and navy, applical 9 such portions of th Mexican territory ’ ee rene Sie De by our arms, were in strict conformity te pies They ameliorations wore, f of | Of the war upon which wo have insisted. ‘They su! had been established over the conjuered portions of overnments authorized, were insti- wer to de- clare war against a foreign country, and to prosecute al laws of war, as sanctioned by civilized nations. it will not be questioned, exists When Congress has declared that war exists with « foreign nation, “the general laws of war apply to our situation,”’ and it beoomes the duty titutional - commander. tu- to * duly declared by ‘onquest wud mille to acquire possession of the territe- nd during the war to “exercise the The sovereignty 4,’ and his laws iigwtory upon the imhabi« to the het ae " By lor tempo- sror, and are “ bound by laws, and such only, as” he may choose to recog- “From the nature of the case, no other laws could be obligatory upon them ; for where there is no protection, or allegiance. or sovereignty, | These are well- | eetablished principles of the laws of war, as recognised | havo been sanctioned by the highest judicial tribunal of our id instructions ixswed to the officers of conquered | these o1- thet rig TWO CENTS. of to emigrants and settlers, it will exemd the cont of the the mildness of civil goverament aad were mot only , war, and all the expenses to which we have been sub the exereire of noxerss of power. but were a rolaxee jected in acquiring it tion in favor of the peaceable favabltaats of the uted for the burshness of mijitary rule wemethi on |” [TBs was received with Inughter, “Ma! he! ha! quered verritery who hed submit d to our wathority, 1 he resolutidne also ex! for the “evidence, or a , snd were alike politic and humane. I is from che part thervof? that the ‘extensive and valuable tere Fame source of nuthority that we derive tho ua tioved right. after War bas been declared by Cou, to biowknde the ports amd coasts of the en tre ture his towns, ities aml provinces, and to levy o tributions upon hin for the eupyort'of nur amy. OF the sume churacter with theseis the right to subject rary military goverhment the ny. They are «li nd their exercise is as “essential to th> e- 4 tories ceded by Mexico to the Volivd Stateeoustitute css, | indempity for the past. ‘The immense yi of the ceded country doos not consist alone in the amount of mousy for which the public lands may be sold. If not # dollar coud be ailzed from Che sale of these inwd. tov cession of the jurisdiction over the country, and the fact that it has me & part of our Union, and @annot be made sub dect to Burcpean power comstiia/ew ample “indemnisy teritor rights gersful proseoution of @ forcign war as the right to | for the past.” in the im ense valle aad advantages fight batties, a » bith its acquisition must give to Gt coumercial, na- New Mexico and Upper California wore among the — vigating min: Ulacturing. and agriocwttural iatercets of territories conuered and ocoupied by our forces, and such temporary governments were established over them. ‘ihey were established by offtgers of our army our couat: "of the public laud: embeaced within the ded Territory, grea: ax that value mu and pavy in commend, in pursuance of the orders and — be, is far less important to the peopts of thé Uail | instructions accompauying my message to the Houwe States than the sovereignty over the count Most of Representatives of Decomber “224, 1848. Tn their | of our States contain no public lauds owned’ by the form and detail, as at firet established, they excevded United States; and yet the soversignty’ and jarisdie- in rome respects (ag was atated in that message) the tion over them are cf inealeutable importance to the authority which bad been given ; and instructions for nation, In the State of New York the Wuited States the correction of the error were issued in despatches is the owner of uo public inoda, and Yet Wo-tnirds of from the War und Navy Departments, of the Litn of our whole revenue ix collected at the great port of that January, 1847 copies of which ary herewith traas- | State. and wi bin her liwita is found about one-wventle mitted. They have been maintained and supported of owrentire population Althoueh none of tha futare out of the military exactions and coutributions ivvied aities on r coast of Califorai® may ever rival upon the epemy ; and no part o} the expense has boo the city of New York in wealth, population and business, yet. that important cities wil grow om the magnificent barbers of that coast, wi & rapidly increasing population, nud yidding « large revenue, would seem to be certain By the osrestion of the safe and capacions harbors on the California const, we shail have great alvintages in ae curing the rich commerce of the i.ast. aod shell thus obtaiw for our products new aud incressed markets, and greatly enlarge our coasting and foreign trade, as In the routine of duty, some of the officers of the who first established temporary go- vernments in California and New Mexioo, have boon Suceveded in command by other officers, upoa wuom like duties have devolved ; wad the agents employed or others Such appointments, for temporary vivil dur, durivg our military occupation were made by the of- | well as augment our tonuage and revenue. fioers in command in the conquered territuries respec | These xreat udvuntages, far more than tho simple tively. | value ef the public innds in the ceded territory, “ com- On the conclusion and exchange of ratifieatic stitute our indemnity for the past ” JAMES K. POLK. nied: on the 4th inst , these temporary overninents neces. sarily ceased to sxist. Im the instructions to establish & temporary government over New Mexico, no distine- tion was made between. that and the other provinces of Mexico which might be taken and held in our military occupation, | ‘The province of New Mexico, according to its ancleat | boundagies, as claimed by Mexico, lies on both aides of | io Grande, That part of it on the east of that ute when the war between the United ico commenced ‘Texas, by & success ful revolution in April, 1836, achieved wud subsequent- ly maintained her independence. By an uot ot the ‘Wasninaron, July 24, 1548, Mr. €onn, of Georgia —I move that the monsagp be referred to the Committers o1 Territories, and that the \d the accompanying documents be printed, Mc€.envano—I ask my frivad to modify his 40 as to print an extra number Mr. Bavi.y—Move ‘o print twenty thousand. Mr. Conn—1 make the usual motiva to refer the expediemey of printing ten thou.and copies to the Committee on Printing. Mr. Bariy—Say twenty thousand Mr Sener: T should like to move that ton th eand copies of the President's message of December x 1847, be printed. (‘Agreed.") f shoutd like to sugges! this, if itis im order. The Srraxvn—{t can only be received by uns: | mous coment. Mr. Cons—t wil’ make no objection, The orsaxen stated the question, when Mr. Hentrann, of Alnbama, said that’ the message first read was boustful in tone—uatrue in facts; it ad- vances old exploits, and it must have been: observed that the Presidemt passes by. in indecent haste, all the cplamition of the war, witho river ern boundary was declared (o be the Rio Grande, from | its mouth to its source, and thence due north ‘to the | forty-recond degree of north latitude. Though the re public of Texas, by many acts of sovereignty which she exerted and exerened, some of which were stated in my annual message of December, 1846, had established her clear title to the country west of the Nueoes, aad bor- ed, or reduced to actual possessoa, and brought under her govcrnment and laws, that part of New Mexico lying eust of the Rio Graods, whieh she claimed to be within her limits. On the breaking out of the war, we found Mexico in possession o advances to the country that he has made «good bar- gain. New Mexico and California are ours. One of two propositions is true—either that we lost, or Mexico this disputed territory. As our urmy approached | Jogt. by the treaty with Mexico. If we have lost any- Santa Fe, (the capital of New Mexico) it was found — thing, we will hold the administration responsible; i€ to be held by @ governor under Mexicaa authority, | we have gained anything it is no oredit to the charao- and an armed force coliveted to resist our advance — | ter and giory of this.cpuntry, How will the President he inhabitants were Mexicans, acknowledging alle- | answer for plunging us into this war? Oa the Oregom giance to Mexico, The boundary in. dispute was the | question be laid claim to 54 deg. 40-min, which be- line between the two countries eugaged iu actual war, | cume a party cry, and he afterwards came down to 49 and the rettlement of it of necessity depends on a | deg. We had a right to annex Texas, bat treaty of peace, Finding the Mexican authorities and | to was, that aa army wi sulting Congress, to the Rio Gran: | ted terptory, When the glory and | interest of the county gre involved, will atop It was not possible to disturd | to count begets Ceres millions deforos, not cent for trilute—ayd it might be added, everythii the war, when uo negotiation for its adjustmeat for the gory of thoesuntey. “But to what cottesquent could be opened. and when Texas was not present by | ces would thiv acquisition it ‘The North was full of her constituted authorities to establish aud imain- | excitement —im open organization against the South, tain government over a hostile Mexican population, | An ex.Preident i been nominated for the Preaiden- who acknowledged. no allegiauce to her. ‘There was, | cy, as a free soil. candidate; aud the South was fut of therefore, no alternative Ieft but to establish and | golicitude upon the, subj Sectional jealousies are maintain military fule, during the war, over the cou~| awakened. [3 not the Provident: respogsible quered people in the disputed territory. wao bad sub- | this? Im this nall there are meu who apply their mitted to our arms, or to forbear the exercisy of out | to» single pi belligerent rights. aud leave them in « state of anaz- | of bigotr: ith averted fuce; they do not stop to cal- and without contro). { culate the results of rushing on blindfolded in-their hether the country in dispute rightfully belonged career. It is time to appeal to the patriotism of the to Mexicoor to Texas, it was our right in the flest oase, | gountry, to eal upow mabe of all secthoas kato o, ce and our duty as well as our right in the latter, to con- Union, todo everything towards strongthoninug wud quer and hold it. Whilst this territory was in our perpetuating the Union. | Possession as conquer rs, with @ population hostile to" Sir Giwoinas—I would ask the gentlemen whether | the United States, which more than once broke out | he would not rather sve this Uuton dissolved than in open insurreotion, %& was our wuquestionable duty gurrender what he c'aima for the South ? . to continue our milltary occupation ®f it watil tho | “Mr, Hitanb—I may answer betore T sit down, extended military rule over them and the territory | ty which was dixplaced 8 They are the very impersonation conclusion of the “ar, and to establish over it milit ry | Mr, Gappincs— Will you or my inte e government neces ary for our own security,as weilas | Mr. Hitttae—I will npt be diverted from tae line the pro. ection of the conquered people. | By the joint resolution of Congress, of March 1, 1345, “for annexing Texas to the Uni ed Statgs,” the Justmept of all quertious pf boundary which nay with other governments’ was reserved Uo this govern= When the conquest of New Mexico was aon- | summated by our arms, the question of boundary re- mained still unadjusted. Until the exchange of the ratifcations of the late treaty, New Mexiou never be- came an undisputed portion of the United Siates; and it would, therefore, hav» been premature to deliver | over to Texas that persion of it, on the east side of the Rio Grande, to which she asserted solaim. However — the frames ing the ved, united Just the right of Texas may have been to it, thet right | compromise, "When ‘Miseoet! applied fer adaiieston us had never been reduced into het possession, and it was State into the Union, it was @ political questioi, and contested by Mexico ompromise was effected ; a compromise which the By the cexsion of the whole of New Mexico on both North passed upon. When Louisians was woquired, sides of the Rio Grande to the United States, the ques- we gave up # portion of the territury ; end pot tue tion of disputed boundary, #0 far as Mexico is concurn- | geeendants of the Wry men who agreed to the Min. ed. has been settled; leaving the question as to the | gouri compromise, now oppose it. | say this im m true limits of Texas, in New Mexico, to be adjusted spirit of unkindnoss. It is time we should look to the between that State and the United States Under the country, in all its interests, and circumstances exieting during the pendency of the tion. Another objection is this, The war, and while the whole of New Mexico, as claimed lan does not settle the question; it simply adjour by our enemy, was im our military occupation, I was fe; Oregom is left to lenisinte for the oeoleoen ae not upmindtul of the rights of Texas to that portion slavery; New Mexico and California have mo rights; of it which the claimed to be within her limits, In the question of the introduction of slavery is lett te of my argument. If the cquntry 4 to be raved, now is the time todoit. Congress has exciusive power to | legislate for territories, but, while Congress pussesace exclusive power, the powes is not unlimited In ad- vance, | will state that I will give my vote against THE NEW COMPROMISE sunKME which bas been introduced into the Senate. [do not which «hould be beiieve that is the sort of com accepted. My objection to it is, that the slave qucs- tion is # political question. It bas always boon 0 ro- ed. ~Wheu the convention met to form the oonsti. tution, it was looked upon a8@ pelitical questiva, um answer to a letter from the Governor of Texas, dated the judiciary. Whatever decision may on the 4th of January, 1847, the Secretary of State, by Supreme Court, the agitation will ati Py anon ove my direction, informed him. in aletter of the L2th of tinue. When the Senate proposition shall come iate February. 1847. that in the President's annual message — tie House, | will cast my vote againat it, most of December, 1846, “ You have already perceived that settle the quesiion now, definitively, so that it New Mexico is at present in the temporary vccupation of the troops of the United States, and the government over it is military in ite character. [tis merely such @ government as inust exist under the laws of nations nd of war. to preserve order and protect the rights of the inbabitants, and will cease on the conciusion of & treaty of peace with Mexico. Nothing, therefore, can Mr. Binpsatu, of New York, read a spoch, assert- be more certain than that this temporary goverament, Fhe right which the Presideat believes to be justly a4. | Stisution, Congress bas power Ubly €0 laplalete wie serted by Texas to the whole territory on this side of tho public property in the Nertituctes He eghvseed the Rio Grands, thenaver the Mexican alsim to 1¢ | tne beiiet that’ the abolition of slavery tn the Dascrine TONeet which, more meulshed by treaty. Bue thisiss | ofc olumbia, without the coment of the slave. states, subject which more properly belongs to the legislative than the executive braweh of the goverumens’” omen reer or see oometaeen anes ‘The rorult of the wi ole lg, that Texas hed assorteds | E50 documents, be petosived thar YeherF Hale’ Pron Tight to tha rt of New Mexico east of the Rio * J Grande, which s believed, wader the nots of Congrass Sth Reg ea ag gnc kaderiom, Rathbun, aad for the annexation and admission of Texas into the | New York, asking Congress to extend ths principle of Union ass State. and under the constitution and laws on slavery. This polition was taid apou tue tothe & of Texas, to be weil tounded ; but this right had never 5 °Vote “of 108 to 51. ‘The design of Me. Vag Bates been reduced to her actual possession and occupancy. Sa ‘his adberente ato break upeihe demooratie carte The general government. possensing exolusively the | Whatever may be said to the contrary, there is at the war making power, had the right to take military pos- | 4. 110m of the Northern movement (ve deck epiit of session of thi dieputed territory ; and until the title | sicutioniem, whieh Mr, Vea Brea or atten ae Hoty Cena te eae y, 8 crwaty of pence, it was thelr | Nounced. Who can doubt that he 1+ capable of aay duty to hold it, and to establi:h a temporary military —20¢ of treachery mud beseneee We c Talllate 6 government cvor it, for the preservation of the oon- Si.Ns ‘Gexradation whem Ne Wo note from ing auest iteelf the safety of our army, and the security Pointed ain ‘These thotibttas levee tab uses of the conquered inhabitants b ‘The resolutions further request information whether ti," than ‘Matory aarigas thea’ Silas Weight, wad, any persons have been tried wad condemned fur--trea- | \'Tee us cling to the Union, ans mesue of por fon sgalnet the United States in that part of New | setuating iberty in ourowncotntry, ail throughius Mexico lying east of the Rio Grand» since the same ESSSoud. if there are any who forget, thelt aolige: paren ie te gecupancy of our army.” and. if 40 tions totheir country. Iet us Use every argumout te reuch tribunal war established e te eenoity of eonvince them of thelr error.” Mr. Birdsall, im coucia- Jaw such tribunal was established.” It appears that Sion" «poke in favor of the principles, of the Baltios after the territory in question was‘ in the oocupancy | Convention, which will not only sectire the triui, of our army,”* some of the conquered Mexican imhabi- oe" roublicanism, but uphold the rights of all the tants, who had at first submitted to our authority, States ; 7 brake out in open insurrection, murderiog our sol- diers and citizens, and committing other atrocious never be revived again. ' Let there be @ compromisy te be understood. Mr. Hilliard adverted to the vete wer, and vaid afew words, incidentally, im favor of is friend Generai Taylor. SLAVERY—MARTIN VAN BUREN — BALTIMORE TON conven. SUMPTION OF POWER, Mr. Vinrow said that it stra rk crimes. | Some of the principal off@nders, who were 4p- able fact that, In every mesnge trot the exeentine rehended, were tried aud condemned by a tribuaal {here is seme new ascomptionnof regur te dae iat vested with civil and criminal jurisdiction, which S¢'the rights of Congrors. Ar long as he had bore hire had been established in the conquered country by th military officer incommand. That the offenders de served the punishment inflicted upon them, there is BO reason to doubt; and the error in the procendings inst them convisted in designating and deseriviag their crimes a “treason against the United States,” ‘This error was pointed out. and its recurrence thereby prevented, by the art tg Ad War, ina despatch to the officer in command in New Mexico. dated oa the 26th of June, 1847. a copy of which, together with copies of all communications relating to the subject | which have been received at the War Department, are herewith transmitted, The resolutions call for information in relation to the quantity of public lands acquired within the ceded ter- titory, and “ how much of thesame is within the boun- daries of Texas, as defined by the act of Congress of the republic of Texas, on the 19th day of December. 1836,” No means of making an accurate extimate on the sub- ject ix in the sion of the Executive Department. he information which ix possessed will be found in the accompanying report of the Secretary of the Treasury. The country ceded to the United States lying west of the Rio Grande, and to which Texas bas no title, is estimated by the Commissioner of the General Land Office to contain 526,078 square miles, or 366,689,920 he had never teen any ressage presented to this bo iy $0 palpable i: this p:rticulat Instead of submittiog to Congress to settle the boundary of Texas, he dares to undertake to ‘ettle it himself [t is @ question be- tween the United States and Texas, or ‘o be settiod by the Judiciary. The President can enter into negoti tion with foreign powers but not with the States. It is A.usurpation on the part of the President ; the Pre: dent hag ncthing to do with it. The President not 0: ly undert kes to settle the question, but undertakes to currender to Texas sixty or seventy millions of pro- perty, without asking the consent of the Congress of the Potied States, Mr. Vinton wished to introduce» resolution to koow whether the executive i going te surrender up all the territory acquired to Texas. Mr Crarxe—Do | understand the gentleman to say that the oil is worth sixty or seventy Mr. McCuernann—l desire to ask ® understand the gentleman to say that resident undertoo« to determine the boundary between Texas and New Mexico? Mr. Vinvox—1 understand him to tell the authorities of Texus that their boundaries oxte from the mouth to the source of the Rio (rande. Mr McCcennann T understand the President tosay the reverse; that the settlement of the boundary be- acres. ¥ ‘The period since the exchange of ratifications of the '°RE* Vives msked for the reading of the portion of trenty bas been too short to enable the government tne mengage referred to. ave access to or to procure abstractsor copies ofthe |a @ titles issued by Spain or by the republic of Mexioo. Steps | will be taken to procure this information at the eartiest practicable period. It is estimated, a8 appears from the accompanying report of the Secretary of the Treasury, that much the larger portion of the land within the ter- ‘The Crrex read it, to the effect: “ In amewer-to the letter of the Governor of Texas, by my direction, the Secretary of State informed him, on 12 of Feds ary, 1847, that in the President’s megeage of 1846. it was stated that in New Mexico a temporary military C ritories ceded remains vacant and an tiated, a fn aaron y AW, < ere Tt ~~ warely, will be rubject to be disposed of by the United States, senha nh wa ae i “4 war, Indeed a very considerable portion of the land em- 5, ersity; {t never ‘the braced in the cession, It i believed, has beon disposed oo wat toe prejudiced i! ng x in to the extoutive bepaoh of ge- Mr Visvon resumed —He anid that it was just as he or granted either by Spain or Mexioo. pe | had stated Tbe [resident undertook to rotuatrer 9a hat amount of money the United ‘States may able to realize from the sales of these vacant lands ust be uncertain ; but it is confidently believed that, with prudent managomens, after making liberal grants