The New York Herald Newspaper, June 15, 1848, Page 1

~/ Foe ere nena ere RRR oN Elias anmctmgmaty THE NEW YORK HERALD. Whole Nev, 5125. NEW YORK, THURSDAY MORNING, JUNE 15, 1848. Price Two Cents, — INTELLIGENCE FROM EUROPE. SPECIAL CORRESPONDENCE OF THE NSW YORK HERALD. TRIAL AND SENTENCE OF MITCHEL. IMPEACHMENT OF LOUIS BLAN Our London Correspondence. Lonvon, Friday Evening, June 2. Dueresting Summary of European Intelligence. It is only fifty-six hours since I sent you a letter, by the good ship Washington; but in the year 1348, a (ew hours are often richerin events, thana month in more settled times. Curious as it may seem, the sentence of transportation for fourteen years on John Mitchel, has caused a greater stir amongst the London chartists, than amongst the Dubliners, unless there is an underhand movement on foot. Subscriptions, it is true, are being raised, and large sums have been subseribed for Mrs. Mitchel and her family. The United Irishman is changed into to the Felon, asa compliment to John Mitchel. I wish now to warn you against any exaggerated ac- counts of outbreaks that may reach you. Asa person on the spot, Iam capable of giving you a correct idea of what is going on; and before a new panic 1s created, I must ask all men who are likely 4 be more or less concerned, to turn a ready ear to what I am saying. For the last three nights we have had large char- tist meetings, at the usual places for these displays, such as Stepney Green, Clerkenwell Green, &c. Ateach of these meetings, the usual quantum of slang, vile language, and bombast, has been spouted forth by the self-elected Agamemnons and Ajaxes, and like the Greek captains before Troy, they are not waniing in disputes amongst themselves. ‘These men are driven from their battle ground by asmall band of constables. It is true they pelt stones and other missiles; but, if there was any real intention of insurrection amongst them—some line of preconcerted action would show itself. ‘They have not onc man of any note or head to guide them; and all they do, is to cause honest citizens to shut their shops, for fear of having their windows smashed. Somo of the most unruly are arrested and sent next day to the house of correction. { regret to say, that last night one of the Police*Inspectors was stabbed by a cowardly villain in the leg; but the whole affair is too small, in its present shape, for me to dwell longer upon it. ‘The adjourned debate on the navigation laws came on last night, and was again adjourned. The state of the West India colonies is a source of much discus- sion and anxiety. Every body is aware that some- thing must be done; but do not exactly agree on what is to bedone. Lord John Russell has notified that on the 15th or 16th instant, a member of the government would communicate to the House the course the go- yernment woud think fit to adopt. The noble lord also announcé@ his intention that he would move, on Monday next, to bring in a bill to alter the form of the oath to be taken by members before being admit- ted to their seats in Parliament. This is owing to the rejection of the Jewish disabilities bill in the Lords. The explanations of Lord Palmerston, respecting Bulwer’s dismissal, have not yet been laid before Par- liament; but a fall explanation will be demanded. It is next Friday, and not to-day, that Parliament adjourns, ‘The principal feature of the foreign news is the im- peachment of Louis Blane, for participation in the late attempt against the National Assembly, and the dis- of M. Emile Thomas, /e pére des ouvriers, as he is styled by the workmen. I enclose you an account ofthe sitting in which he was impeached. Paris is continually on the qui vive, the rappel beaten. and, in fact, a residence at Paris, at the present moment, would be death to any old lady of a nervous tempera- ment, lhe fall in French securities of every descrip- tion is consequently very groat. . ‘The news from Italy is very important. The union of Lombardy with Piedmont is decided upon. and tho kingdom of Upper Italy, under the sceptre of Carlo Alberto, will be proclaimed in a day or two; but the great event of the campaign is on the eve of taking place. General Nugent having failed In his attacks upon Treviso, entered suddenly, and has succeeded in joining Redetzky with 20,000'men at Verona. The battle of Lalian independence is, therefore, perhaps At i ent, and liberty and ty- er hand. May the God lend his aid to the rightcous cause, Peschie- ra has been regularly bombarded, its forts silenced; but it has not surrendered. Radetzky must, for ho- , suily from his stronghold to relieve it. The h of May is the anniversary of the great vietory ned by the Lombard league over the Emperor Fre- Uarberosea. History is rich in coincidences, may not be unlikely that this day was selected i by Providence, to chastiso anew the ty- kings ribie massacre at Naples has created a fecl- rsal horror, and the throne of tha Re Bom- beneath him. He has reeatled his troops from the Italian causo, and General Pepe, who com- mands the ga counell of his officers, no- tified his intentions of disobeying him. He was loud- a nee is, that the Neapoli- H eon their monarch by the combined fleets and a bombardment ‘Trinste is to Austria what Hamburg is to the North of Germany. Tho citadel comands the port. but vessels of war can anchor close to the city. ‘The Denmark question is not yet xettled. The king of Prussia has ordered General’ Wrangel to withdraw his troops from Jutland. and this has been done.» e- gotiations are on foot for a peace, and then suddenly the news arrives that the Danes have attacked the Germans. and routed them with great slaughter, and that # united Russian, Danish, and Swedish fleet has made its appearance at Cronstadt, Germany is in the most unsettled state ‘The Emperor of Austria has established his court at Tuspruck, and war with his Viennese (not dan- ccrs. but subjects:) there are, according to the last ac- counts, no less than 200 barricades erected in the streets of Vienna; the inhabitants are dotermined to t of all the concessions they com- or te make to them; the Emperor clavouie population of Hungary and have seized upon the oceasion to make use of the F ras a pretext to throw off all connection with the Teutonic races, who, they say, “have ill- treated their good Emperor’—and they now wish the Emperor to form a great Sclavonie empire. Prussia is ina most unsettled state. The Prince of Prussia has Jeft London for Berlin. The Prussian con- stitaent assembly is ritting ; but the only characte- ristic of their discussions as yet. is violent 1 uproar, ‘The Germa f s determined to ruly all Germauy—a ch Hanover, Wurtemberg, and Ba- ved to resist; the kings do not like ng dictated to by a parliament, the members of which were elected’ by universal suffrage from all classes of the people; and the boasted unity of Ger- many is as rar from being realised as the theory of the organization du travail, by M. Louis Blanc, now impenched for treason, by the National Assembly, Spain is qui C sy about this Bulwer af- fair—au d endeavoring to strengthen herself internally, by coneiliating the Carlists a Constantinople, the latest advices are to the 19th ult, ‘The cholera had broken out there with ro- newed vigor, From Pgypt, the accounts of the health of Mehemet Aliare stili that he cannot live long. His death will bo tho signal for intrigues on the part of the different European powers, Sir Stratford Canning has returned to his post at Constantinapl MOVEMENT. Our French Correspondence. Panis, May 25, 1848. Perfidy of Ferdinand. batore totte: Sardinia and Ven & The Massacre at Napt This evening Paris is agitated by the cortain infor- mation of the massaere of the National Guards and people of Naples, in large numbers, and the horrors of murder, incendiariem, and every othor species of brutality and excess, practised by the soldiery and ruffians in the employment of Ferdinand, the king. + that Ferdinand refused to swear to the con- of the 20th of January, reserving the right to the Chamber to modify it, as the instrument itself ud therefore would not subscribe to the form of the oath upon which the Chamber insiste In the meantime, he drew up the Swiss and Royal troops about his palace, and filled his premises with the agontsof Del Curetto, his former Minister of Police: who was obliged to leave tho country a fow months since—and the lazzaroni, ereatures of the throne. Tho Deputies and National Guards on duty secing up barriendes, and prepared to defond themselves, ‘There was only about two thou- aund five hanired of the latter. An accidental dis- charge of a musket brought on the fight sooner than was expected o their ammunition had become expended, Eight hours tho battle raged between the troops and the guard a the means of the former became exhausted, to the houses, and showered projectiles upon the heads of the enemy, Yet the preparation of the king for this scene of murder had been top complete to fail of success, The Cannon broke away the barri- cades, and the rogylar force gained strength as that of the guards diminfshed. The route was terriblo— evory house of the more wealthy was entercd—me pill provided; this preparation, th _| followed the Swiss and the Royal troops, and finished The guards fought heroically, until | women and children murdered, and the house itself | robbed of all its valuables. ‘The bands of the lazzaroni at the former had left. Admiral Baudin, of the ‘rench fleet, was in the bay, and the decided ‘manner n which he interfered arrested the horrors of this bru- al outrage of a Bourbon king. ‘The ministry of the ing resigned instantly, upon the commencement | of the massacre; anda new one has been ap- pointed, represented to be worthy of their mas- . and suitable instruments for such an excess of brutulity. The king has dissolved the | Chamber of Deputies, and considers he has obtained a | omplete victory, and the re-establishment of despotic | power, ‘The first representations of thia transaction | are terrific; murder, robbery, pillage. and every species | of excess, appear to have been the leading features of | the achievement, and the result of a deliberate pre- | paration to that effect on the part of the king himselt. | If these circumstances of aggravation are not modified | by further information, they must bring about a crisis for that blood-thirty sovereign—for that the people Naples, Italy, and.irance, will lic by, and quietly wit- ness the perpetration of such an act of inhumanity a: barbarism, is not to be presumed. It is hoped, for th honor of humanity, that there is exageration in this first representation, and that the king is not the can- nibal which he now appears to be. But in any view of the case, this is but another instance of the treachery | of heartarhich appears to have perverted the breast of every Bourbon who was ever permitted to sit upon a hrone. Suchevents tend to hasten the downfall ofthat | system of oppression and abuse which all monarchies | perpetrate upon the people, and to propare the way to | Uxpel from the boson o! every nation in Europe, thore | enemies of civil liberty and human happiness ‘called kings, emperors, &o.. &e. England, with all her assumption and startling abuses—her oppressions and exactions, is the greatest obstacle at this moment, in Europe, to the freedom of the people, acting through the forms of republican go- vornments. Russia fsa despotism, and the danger of her example ix not to be apprehended ; nor will the example of her government be followed. ’ But « consti- tutional monarchy, with a nominal representation in one branch,of the people, ix a half-way houso between despotism and republicanism, and through her jntiu- ence, and the influence of her press, in Europe, she can nd has done.much to arrest the progress of the revo- lutions in Europe; or rather to cheat the people out of the benefits of them, in the same manner Louis Philippe cheated France out of that of 1830 But England her- solf is on a precipice, and the aristocracy fight for self- preservation. The English government owe more than eight hundred millions of pounds sterling to the aris- tocracy principally of that country. It squanders from fifty to seventy-five millions of pounds yearly, in rupporting that aristocracy; and besides this, the in- debtedness of individuals and companies. A revolu- tion in England, or a change in the form of the go- yernment, would strike out of existence all this vast mass of paper security; and England would be bank rupt—and the scenos of horror and dessolation, follow- ing a thorough route of the aristocracy, who can fore- tell? OBSERVER. Paris, May 26, 1848. The Five Membere constituting the Executive of France— Some Incidents and Points in their Biography, In the drder in which thoy were chosen by the Na- tional Assembly, and according to the number of votes they receivod, they are—Arago, Garnier Pagis, Mario, Lamartine and Ledru Rollin, Arago was born the 25th of February, 1786, at Estagel, noar Perpignan. and was the son of a cultivator of the soil, in easy cir- cumstances. During the revolution, the family were quiet, and supported themselves by their labor. In 1803, Arago belonged to the Ecole Militaire and to the artillery, from which position he was removed, to be secretary to the Bibliothécaire de U Observation ; and in the following year, he was sent to Spain, to make astronomical observations. This service was then at- tended with danger, but was faithfully performed, and he returned to Paris in 1810, with the important results of his labor, He was invited to follow Napoleon in his exile, but deelined, and returned to Perpignan. In 1830, the Roussellennais elected him their representa- tive. He soon became chief of the extremo left, and declared for reform and the right of labor. Since February, 1848, he has been successively minister of marine and of war, being a member of the provisional government ; and at the opening of the Chamber, was chosen to the first place in the Executive. His course asan astronomer and his connection with the tel graph, are known, He has taken no part in the de- Dates in the Assembly, Garnier Pagis was the younger of two brothers ; and he said to the elder, “ you make the name and | will make the fortune, and we will share all between us? is was faithfully fulfilled till the death of his elder brother, who was the advocate and politician while the latter was the merchant. After the death of his brother, Garnier Pags entered the Chamber of Deputies, in the ranks of the opposition, where he immediately exhibited talents of # high order ; he par- ticipated warmly in the establishment of the ban- quets, @nd was among the number who resolved to join that in Paris, which was the immegiate occasion of the deposition of Louis Philippe. A member of the ieerisigad government, he was appointed minister ot nance; the duties of whieh he discharged, till elected member of the Executive of France, by the Assembly. Marie was a celebrated advocate ; he was the advo- este of the ager f the conspiracy “ du Pont des srt.” after the installation of Louis Phillippe. He de- fended M. Heroole de Roehe, and others, who were accused of having attacked the government Since that time, he has been distinguished in his profession—an opposition deputy ; took a decided sland against the regency of the Duchess d'Or leans; was one of the members of the provisional government, until he was chosew the third on the list of the present Executive, Lamartine was born Oct. 21, 1790, HisTather was a Major of a regiment in the cavalry, under Louis XV! and his mother was the grand-daughter of Madame Desmoys, under governess of the Princess d’Orleane After lio left eoliege, ite went to Italy in 1813 ; in 1820 he returned to France, and traversed the strects with his verses ; for a long time no one would print them finally, M. Nicolle printed his volume of “ Méditations Poétiques;” after this he en, aged in a duel; he en tered the Chamber a friend of te government, but coming dissatisfied with its conduct, he changed to the opposition, took part in the celebrated debate just pre- ceding the fall of the minister; and upon the 24th o February. distinguished himself by the delicacy anu qt firmness of his conduct, in the presence of thx uchess d’Orleans, in resisting her right to continue the dynasty of Louis Philippe, and in proclaiming a re public in its stead; his course as a scholar, historian and poet, is before the world; he has been the gui star of the provisional government; the messeu peace to Franco and Europe ; the idol of the French people ; and lost the first place in the preseat execu- tive, by the support he gave to the measure creating that body. and thereby giving momentary ascendency to the friends of Ledru Rollin, in the Assembly, La- martine was, ig early life, attaché to the legation of Florence, secretars of the embassy at Naples, and at London ; and then chargé d'affairs at Tuscany ; and was upon the point of accepting the place of Minister Plenipotentiary at Madrid, when the revolution of 1830 took place. Whether he is yet destined to be placed at the head of the French republic, is # matter of pr bsg a Ledru Rollin, the youngest member, was, in early life, distinguished for being a radical republican, pos- sessing much talent. After the frightful massacres de ls rue Trausnonnaire, in 1834, he wrote a memoir which gavo him the rank of the ohief of the radicals. He was at the banquets at Lille and Dejon; at tho latter of whith, in response to “vive Ledru Rollin,” he gave “ Liberté, équalité, fraternité,” which are now written upon the French flag, and every public monument in France. He took an active part in the debate, oppos- ing the regency of the Duchess d’Orleans, and declar- ing for a republic and a provisional government. He was amember of that part of the opposition deputios, who desired a revolution, and not merely the deposi- tion of M. Guizot ; and he took a leading part in that indescribable scene, in making up the numbers who should constitute the provisional government. in which he assumed the office of minister of the interior. All these men, with their associates, have the honer of strikin, republic, at the hour when one could bo established without a struggle, and of carrying for- ward the provisional government for three months without wee a drop of blood. or making a single privoner, and of preserving the country from a all acts of disorder, until. in triumph they surrendered the See which they had seized, to the National Assem- bly, ‘The world affords no similar example of rtecess and moderation, under such circumstances ; and his- tory will delight to pause at, and to write the history of the ninety days of the French provisional govern- ment. and the magnanimous conduct of the French nation during the same poriod Some of the partizans of the Bourbons are en‘oreing the iden of choosing the Prince de Joinville to the first lace under the republic; and they begin to assail amartine as the friend of Ledru Rollin. Of course there will be struggles for power, under the new order of things ; but there is ns little exhibition of this cha- raeter as could be reasonably expected. in organizing a new government for such a vation as France. Indeed, I think the elections have been characterized with much unanimity. and a decorum in the press that | might be profitably imitated. The executive appears to be well united ; and there are no such divisions in the National Assembly as indicate any cause of division beyond the natural diversity of sentiment existing among 60 many members. OBSERVER. Panis, May 27, 1848, Massacres at Naples, by Ferdinand, Confirmed—Lord Napier an Instigator and Counsellor—Resolute Con- duct of the French Admiral—Saves the City and Awes the King. Ido hot percsive any thing in the moro recent do. tails of the horrible events at Naples, to modify the | aspect in which the first accounts placed Ferdinand— indeed, the accounts rather confirm the enormity of the erimo, and leave no doubt of the great preparations of the king to perpetrate it successfully, An additional foature of aggravation ingiven, by associating the Eng- Nsh government, through Lord Napier, with this cold blooded murder and attempt to overthrow s reproson- | call. of at least forty members. tative government at Naples, I say English, for it can | hardly be supposed that an admiral of the fleet would | have jeined the king in such a blood thirsty and in- | famous slaughter of men, women and children, arson, | robbery, and every species of crime, and given up | city like Naples, to days and nights of pillage, sacking and murder, without the countenance, direct or indi- | rect, of hiszovernment. It appears that by the decree of the 29th of January, Ferdinand promised hia people | a certain constitution, and by that of the 6th of April | last, he essentially modified the former constitution, and engrafted upon it new provisions, more favorable to the people; that under those provisions members of the Chamber had been elected, and the 15thof May | was the time appointed for these meetings ; previous to this time, Lord Napier had been sent to Naples as com- maader upon that station—that he had been an inti- mate at the king’s palace—that the king, after his ar- rival, had put in requisition all his powers to annul as many elections as possible ; that on the day.appointed for himself and the deputies to swear to the constitu- | tion, he preferred to swear to the constitution of the 20th of January, instead of the latter one, which had moditied that ; that this, the deputies refusod—that his ministers.and delegations of the deputies, remonstrated with him—that in the meantime, seeing his immense accumulation of force, and the’ presence of Napier, constantly at his palace, and the king in communica- tion with him, holding trequent conversations with him during the time the delegation and ministors wero romonstrating with him, the deputies became alarmed, and retired tothe Hotel de Ville. and the National Guards commenced the erection of barricades. Un- der pretence of yielding, he informed the ministers that he would do s0. if the Guards would destroy their barricades; but understanding that treachery waa about them, they refused to comply ; the ministers tendered their resignations—the king refused to accept them— Napier comtinuing all the time, to occupy his palace and to be in consultation with him. The contest commenced, as referred to in ® former getter. The king himself gave orders to pillage the cjty, and told the Lazzaroni that the city was theirs. ‘The Guards defended themselves With heroism, and hundreds of the king's butchers were sinin; but the massacre of the Guards and inhabitants has been awful—and but for Admiral Baudin, who had astrong fleetin the bay, Naples would only have ex- isted in ruins, Fire and the sword did their worst for two days and nights—the King and Napier @ncourag- ing and directing it. Napier is said to have advised against yielding to the threat of Admiral Baudin that he would send his forces in there, if the carnage did not cease in three hours. But Ferdinand feared the French, and yielded to the demand. Foreigners are said to have been murdered indiscriminately, in some instances, with natives. A rumor is in Paris, from Turin, of tho 21st ult., stat- ing that the troops have joined the people, and the king is a prisoner; this, I" fear, is not true. But at Genoa, and all the places in Italy, as fast as tho new: spread, the people raised the cry of “ Mort au Roi ;” snd he will be fortunate if he does not suitably atone for his unexampled acts of brutality and troachory ; and the world will hold Napier and his government responsible for another cold-blooded murder of thou- sands of citizens, for no other cause than a desire to perform their public duties, and to give institutions to their country based upon the wishes and the necessities of the people—for an attempt only te perform these functions to the discharge of which they had been culled by adecree of the King himself. Never was there a more glaring act of treachery and murder than the scene referred to, which has filled Europe with consternation, and shown more olearly the game which the English government is playing, to hold Europe in the bonds of oppression and servitude, At the same time, the London Times is writing eulogiums upon Nichols in the wost bombastic style. It is “how manifest that the true purpose of tho English government. in moving the Italian States to take steps in favor of freer institutions, was not dic- tated by any motives of magnanimity and humanity, as was hoped ; but, as the French alleged, to give trou- ble to M. Guizot and Louis Philippe—and that, having effected this purpose, the English return again'to thelr old system of tyranny and oppression, which has inva- riably characterized that government from the time they attempted to impose their tea and their stamp act upon tho Americans, up to the present time. have watched the movements of the English since the commencement of this revolution, with the hope, and, as my letters will show, almost with the expectation, of the announcement that Lord Palmerston would be- come the benefactor, instead of the tyrant, of Eu- rope. But sinco the French revolution, and his fright at the 600.000 Chartists, he has thrown him- self into the arms of Russia and despotism; and if Commodore Napier has truly represented him in the murder scene at Naples, the world may judge how much mercy free principles, or a representative go- vernment, will receive at the hands of the English go- vernment. ‘That an alliance may be yet formed between Russia, England, Sweden, Denmark, and perhaps Aus- tria, and probably Holland, is not improbable ; and that efforts may yet be made to destroy the effect of the As- sembly or Congress of the thirty-seven German States, now in session at Frankfort. is also not improbable. A deputation has been sent to Tyrol, to ask the return of the Austrian Emperor; but he has not yet assented, aud yet no other government is established at Vienna ‘The people are waiting impatiently for the Emperor's return ; in the meantime, the est agitation and anxiety continue, Martial law has been proctaimed. and all assemblages in the streets prohibited; and yet the peoplo wait for the return of one man, who has and the first prize has never been distributed. Such | incidents are beautiful in the history of mighty revo- lutions, and mark the character of ‘the people. One loves to refer to them and yet, the history of the past four months; would erect 4 monument to the | memory of the French, of incidenta like the fore; i} ing, so full of honor and just sentiment; and yet, the nglish, have no words of commendation for the hero- ism, magnanimity. and delicacy of fueling of the French people; but only ansthemies for any trifling excesses, and sombre anticipations and forebodings. — | At Mayence there has been @ bloody encounter be- | tween the citizens and troops. and the city has been | put in a state of siege, Some fifteen men were killed, and fifty wounded. This engagement took place on Sunday, the 21st; on the 22d and 23d, there was somo fighting. and no citizen dared risk himself near the Prussian garrison, wor a Prussian soldier risk himself | in the cit; The contention between the soldiers and | citizens is at its height, and tho authorities of the city have sent to the German Diet for aid; but the | action ef that body is slow. Some Austrian troops have interposed their good offices; but from the last accounts, there will, doubtless, be more blood spilt at Mayence. M. Fitz, the member from Mayence, has cal age attention of the Congress of Germany to the subject; and he declares that Mayence has been oppressed by the Prussian troops, and that their op- pressions of the troops, @ produced the present state of things; be demands that the Asyembly shall recall the Prussian troops forming the garrison at May- ence. The Assembly have referred the matter to a commission, who are to visit Mayence to ascertain the facts, and report them tothe Assembly. In tho meantime, the Governor of the fortreas had address- ed himself to the Diet, at Frankfort, informing them that Mayence had been put in a state of siege by him, and the Dict replied to him, to pursue with mo- deration, the course he had marked out. Lord Pal- merston has found some difficulty in meeting the question raised by Mr. Bulwer, at Madrid; but [ ox- pect in tho present state of things, he wili throw the minister overboard, and save himself. OBSERVER. Panis, May 28, 1848, Committee on the Constitution—Their Report—A Presiz dent—One Chamber, §c., $c. adapted to France— Habits of the People. The committee on the constitution is composed of much intellect and exporience. Barrot and De Toque- villo are of the number, and I understand are pro- gressing rapidly with the great work entrusted to their deliberation. I understand that they will agree upon @ President, one Chamber and a Council for the Government, to be chosen by universal and direct suf- frage, every three years; that the Judges, Mayors and their adjoints, the general and municipal councils, and all the principal civil offices will be chosen for the same time, and in the samo manner; the officers of the National Guard will also be chosen in tho same man- ner; that it will be the duty of the Council of State to prepare the laws to bo submitted to the Chamber. The abovo gives a mere sketch of some of tho principal out. lines of this important organization, which is to exert hereafter such a mighty influence upon tho destinies of France and of Europe. My opinion is that such a o constitution will answer for France, perhaps better, at this moment, than two Chambers, each having 8 negative upon the other, asin our country. It would not answer for us; but the French aro differently constituted, and are actuated by impulses, the force of which are not so fully experienced by our people. ‘The French are quick in their reasonings and decisions, impatient of delay, acquiescent in decisions, unless they determine to resist them by force. Whatever is done in France, must and will be done quickly, The delays which attond measures in the United States and England would not be tolerated in Paris. No legisla- tive body could continue in session under such cir- cumstances; the people prefer a bad decision to none; interminable discussions they will not. tolorate. either in the Assemblies or out of them; to decide. that is what they require ; this 3 characteristic of them, in all their’ private transactions and social relations. “ Que voulez-vous 2? is their interrogatory, and a prompt answer is expected—yes or vo—instantly. ‘There is no hesitation in assuming the gravest rexpon- sibilities, no shrinking from any danger, personal o» political. Again, Puris is France, practically and politi- cally; the government will be a central government, a municipal as well as legilvtive one; it will embrace all matters, foreign and domestic; there will be no divi- sion of France into States, counties, towns and dis- tricts, as in the United States, but all officers will hold their places by election and appointment, and subject to the control of the President and the Chamber and their subordinates, under certain conditions and restrictions. customed to an energetic government and an en. ergetic police, and they require a government that can act promptly, and a powerful police for their domestic regulation. They have been'vo accus- tomed to it, that they would not feel annoyed by it, but rather feel a security in it; and ifit wasa little ar- bitrary occasionally, they would prefer it to delay, discussion, and indecision ; then, again, they are sur rounded by neighbors who may be required to be strained, or need the assistance of their armios in twenty minutes notice ; aifd a central power is requi- caused such a state of things. How much more stable are republics, well understood and well administered ; and what a triumph, at this moment, for the United Stat OBSERVER. Paris, May 29, 1848—4 o'clock. The English Press, and the Massacre at Naples—Pro- test of the Princes—Bonaparte—Decision of the Na- tional Assembly—French Execr:tive and National As- sembly—French Battle at Mayeace—German Diet and Assembly—Characteri When the French expelled about one hundred and fifty trowblesome Englishmen from Rouen. at the com- mencement of the revolution, the English pross was ‘led with eloquence, bombast, and declamation: against this wanton outrage of a republic, For more than two weeks, it was made a leading topic of diseus- sion, and great display was made over it in Parlia- ment, and in getting up subscriptions for the distrese- od—now an English Admiral and « treacherous king. have revoked the pledges of a mouarch—overthrown the Chamber ef Representatives brought into exist: ence by his own decrees—overthrown a government established by the people, and which he had pledged site to act in emergencies like these. The Americans would not submit to this kind of prompt, and fre- quently stringent, exercise of power. With us there is ho necessity for it; but it is diferent in France: with a central government in Paris, Lyons, and Rowen, to control a frontier surrounded by foreign States, and an army of 600,000 men, and a national guard in Paris of 300.000 men, and one in proportion in each city in nee. Besides, parties do not, and will not, divid in France as inthe United States. The friends monarchy are fe f here are no imitators and admir- ers of the English government, and the laboring class. es so far out number all others, that there never will be any such polities! divisions as exist in our coun- y. ain, the change froma monarchy to a public is immense—time is required to prepare mens’ minds for it—to accustom them to self control and the rights of freemen, without danger of getting into ex- ceases. They have been accustomed to decrees all their lives—to unexpected decrees—to sudden legisla- tion of that kind—to an instantaneous remedy tor a new evil. or in case of a new exigency; and at present they would not be quiet. under any delay, under a re- ablic, The French want a strong government—prompt n its execution—just in its opel ns—existing through the will of the people—prompt remedies - por- fect order and public tranquillity throughout the country. System, perfect order, and rigid discipline, are the features of French soci+ty. These apply to all conditions, all classes, and all cases. In social and himself to swear to support—massacred from two to four thousand citizens, of all ages. sexes, and condi- tions; and burnt end sacked acity—an English Ad- imiral, I say, ucting in concert with a tr king. How many lines of eloquent indigaw the English press, especially the London Times, spare upon this outrage upon the laws of civilization and hu- manity, and upon the spirit of the age, in w much of infamy was perpetrated? Will the plain the meaning of the presence of the kng- Admiral, in the palace of ing, at such an hour, while murder was going on in the streets, and lazaroni were burning and sacking the city? If the English have so much sympathy fur the colored race, in America, why was there no manifestation of rym- pathy for the white people who were suffering all the horrors of death and destruction before their eyes, and who had it in their power to have stayed these brutali- ties at any moment ? If the object of this murder was not to give effect to treachery, why was the Chamber dissolved immediately, by order of the king? and for what purpose was the English admiral present in the palace, but to encourage and sustain the king in this outrage upon civilization’ If the English press has tears to shed for republican excess, why is it silent? Will it be silent over depotic brutalities en- acted under the superintendence of an English adimi- ral? Will the admiral be recalled, and dismissed the service? Time will determine. In the meantime, the public and the press of other countries will not be si- lent spectators. The protest of the French princes has operated as I suggested it probably would, in raising an issue in tho Assembly, which has beea decided against them, Yesterday the question was discussed, and settled by ‘® vote of 632 to 63, in favor of applying the law to them, which had been applied to the elder branch of the Bourbon family, It was adopted asa police mea- sure merely, with a manifestation of a disposition to re- lax it, whenever the condition of France and the sta- bility of the republic woud permit it. Some member marked, in the discussion, that the Bonapartes had been admitted only provisionally. ‘This drew Napo- leon Bonaparte to the tribune, who asked, who dared thus tocallin question an act of sovereignty on the part of the Assembly, who admitted him without any such qualification?” This brought out braves, bravos, from all parts of the Assembly—-he demolished the member, who declared that he had been misinterpre- ted; but it shows that the nephew of Napoleon has some mettle, Another important questi factorily settled—defining more fully the relations b twoen the Executive and the Assem: their manner was, yesterday, eati of intercourse, and the powers in some respect of the latter. One decree provided, that the Executive should not be called into the Assembly. except upon the | ‘There had been some division of sentiment upon this delicate question, and | it was this that created the rumor at the Bourse, | that the Executive might resign, The Executive have | taken possession of the palace of the Petet Luxem- bourg, in which the five families of the five members | are lodged. Lamartine never took possession of the | honse of Minister of Foreign Affairs; he held friendly | relations with M. Guizot and his family; and the blood that had been then shed in conflict among French. | men. ‘rested associations too disagreeable to allow | him to inhabit this splendid mansion, There is great delicacy and just of feeling among the French upon such subjects. Another incident among the lads at school is in point:—-The son of M. Guizot, a lad of about 16, was the first scholar in his class— there had been great rivalry and struggle among a claas, numbering about one hundred; but young Guizot had fairly won the position, but left the coun: | try with his father, just before the time had arrived | for the designation of the prizes. The class voted | unanimously, that the first prize belonged to young Guizot, and that no one would aceept it; the govern- mont romonstrated, byt in vain; public life it is the same. There is as much discipline ‘upon the railroads and at the depots, as in the army ; the rules are as strict, and enforced with the sawe ri- gor, there always being armed men p-esent to be call- ed upon instantly, All their beautiful and magnifi- eent grounds, palaces. promenades, bureaus, hos gardens, nunnories, pi®ture galleries, botanic, m logical and astronomical halls and laborator! lecture rooms, their arches and monuments, their sta- tuary—in a word, all the-magnificenc and unsurpassed clegances of Paris, are freely thrown open to the view of both foreigners and citizens ; but, herr, too, there is discipline and order the most exact. and guards stationed to enforce it, if necessary. he population of Paris, in masses of thousands, in rush- ing to enter any exciting place of public amusement, are subject to the xame order; they are accustomed to it, and they like it. Is there a rush for the theatres to hear # new and popular actor, the crowd must form only two abreast, aod those who are last must fall inat the tail end of the quen, as they call it; it may be ahun- dred rods long—it is the same; go there, or go away. If those before you fill the house, you must wait till the next evening, and be in season; no rushing, or crowd- ing, or passing in in front, is tolerated ; patience, till F your turn comes, can only avail. Carriages, be they ever so numerous, are under the same regime—there is never any confrsion or noire in Paris, except in case of revolutions, All these habits and ideas must be consulted, in forming the constitution of France; for while there is the greatest freedom of opinion, case and grace of manners, charming familiarity, and kindness of deportment, freedom of individual action, &e. ke., yet acting in bodies, they are order and decorum per- sonified ; and they are accustomed to this condition from their infancy ; and no change of government can change their habits in this respect. Hence « republi- can government must prererve these features, whic Will wnsure the force, the promptitude, and tho order, requisite to meet the French taste, and the necossities of the ease, in a city like Paris, and # country like France, - OBSERVER. Panis, May 29, 1848, Arrest of Blanguj—Incidents Touching Him—Barbés and others—Trial of General Courtais—Criminal Ju” risprudence in Fyance— d German Confederation Teheches of Austria~New Movement-—Danger of Civil Wer, Blanqul, the astociate of Barbis, and possessing his daring, and more talent, perhaps, bas been arrested and | lodged in the dungeon at Vincennes. Blanqui was en- gaged in an attempt to excite an insurrection among | the people on the 16th of April, in the Champ de Marsy but failed; and although a warrant was made out for | his arrest on that occasion, it was never issued, in the hope that the attempt would not be repeated, and under | the strong desire of the provisional government to make no arrests during their existence. He left the | chamber of the Assembly at the same moment as did Barbis, but by a different door, which delayed him for a fow moments, and therefore he was behind Barhés at the Hotel de Ville. When he arrived theve, he found Barbés’ friends blocking up tho door; and before he could enter, tho National Guards had arrived, and be- gan to seize the insurgents; which satisfied Blanqui that tho new government would not last long, and that his security existed only in making his did, by drossipg him: tional Guard. Qithough he and Barbis were the two ders of the rebellion, they were perronal enemies, and as Barbes entered the Hotel de Ville, he gave orders to his followers not to admit Blanqui; and upon the new list of membors at the Hotel de Ville. for the pro- clasy wos firm, ‘ visional government, Blanqui was left out. Although ¥ The ‘people of France have been ac- he has written bold and throatening letters in his hiding places, for the press, over his own signature, he was prostrated and overcome entirely by his arrest, He was dining with @ party of friends when arrested, who surrendered him without any resistance. Indeed, both he and Barbs appear to me to be destitute of the ca- pacity, nerve, and qualifications requigte of such an enterprise in Paris, 15th of May, a gentleman challenged Barb to fight instantly; he answered that he did no “No,” aatd his’ antagonist, “ you assassinate ”? these incidents, people will see some of the character. isties of men who will occupy a part of the pages in the history which will record the incidents of the French revolution of 1848. Genoral Courtais is soon to be tried, and Bethmont and Joley aro his counsel ‘The former was one of the members of the provisional government. Arrests are yet being made, though not numerously. Certain pro- ininent individuals are eelected, and then arrests effect- ed, ax soon as they leave their hiding places. Doctor Lacumbre, the Vice President of Blanqui, has also been arrested. ‘Blanqui, in going to prison, cried, laughed, and sung alternately, When arrived at the prison, he prayed not to be placed along side of Barbs; said he | was an imbecile; he had ruined the party, and made a bad play of it. Blanqui is now undergoing interroga- tions—a singular fuature in the administration of the criminal lawin France. The same practice exists, how- over, in Spanish countries, and in many other parts of Europe; but enlightened jurisprudence will never tole- rate the practice, It isu treacherous mode of proceed- ing—dangerous to the purity of criminal proceedings, and to the life and liberty of the citizen. Ever son charged with acrime which compromits his life or liborty, should be exempt from this proceeding, untess he isto be made a witnes in chiof in the prose- cution, and, in consideration thereof, discharged from his arrest. No man is bound to criminate himself; the well being and security of society donot require it, and humanity revolts against it. {do not under- stand that the French prisoners are coerced, by penal- ties, to answer; but men are agitated at such moments, and frequently compromise themselves and others un- juatly, The whole system is dangerous; and, | am glad to say, is generally repudiated in the United States. The emperor of Austria has hitherto refused to re- turn to Anarchy exists, The Bohemian jenna, slaves, so called, are moving; and as they are ener- | getic and daring, the greatest alarm exists among the German part ofthe Austrian population; their men are numerous and powerful; and present appearances indi- cate that these movements, and that which is taking place in Hungary, may completely dismember the Aus- trian empire, if it doos not fill the country with disor- der and death. The German portion of the population are forming themselves into National Guards, and pre- aring for terrible confliet with their more reso- jute and uncivilized neighbors. What an upheaving of society, which has been trodden to the earth for centuries under the iron heels of despotism! These people are called T'cheches, and constitute the most | efficient party in Bohemia. They are warlike and brave; and have never before taken much part in the revolutionary scenes, Since February, one of the Ger- man presses has been compelled to suspend its publi- cation, in consequence of the displeasure of the ‘Teheches against it. Indeod, Austria appear: condition which may hereafter give rise to classes, such as exists now, to a certain extent, in Po- land. No one can conjecture what will be the c: dition of Austria one year hence; its slaves and ero! both so numorous, powerful, and untamed; its Bohe- mians, Hungarians, Gallicians, Germans, Poles. Ty- rolese, Italians, and Austrians proper, constitute a confased mass of seciety, which, ina revolution, may exceed in confusion, Babel itself. Austria is made up of territory, and countries, and people, which she has detached and annexed to her own dominions; and terrible may be the day of retribution which lets loose all these rival countries, and engages them in a civil war, One can hardly wonder at the circumapection of the emperor's friends, who have transferred a man #0 unfortunate in his ‘capacity and his empire, to a place of retreat, at this early hour in the impending dangers of this country. Perhaps the greatest proba bility at this moment—if such a case admits of prova- bilities—is that Austria will be dismsmbered; that civil war will exist to a greater or less extent in the differ- ent provinces constituting the empire, and that ulti- mately. the most, or all of them, may come in, as States, into the grand German Confederation, which is now sitting, by its Assembly, at Frankfort, and now repre- senting thirty-seven German States, Indeed, this same power, rising up so suddenly in_ the heart of Ger- many, may yet swallow up both Austria and Prussia. The King of Prussia is watching it with great interest, and has suddenly convoked a Congress of Prussia to cheokmate it, as fur as may be practicable and neses- ry. All this part of Europe may be newly organized. OBSERVER. Panis, May 29, 1848—4 P. M. Rappel Beaten—Ouvriers—Louis Blanc’s System—Rail- road Companytand Government—Latter is Firm and Reforming Abuses—England and France face to face over the Affair at Naples—Later News from Austria —New Constitution of Prussia—Contest between Prague and Vienna for the Capital. ‘The city ix not quiet; at six o'clock this morning the rappel was beaten, ax it was said that large bodies of men were assembling which would endanger the ses- sion of the National Assembly. The facts appear to be as follows: In reference to the condition of the class of Parisians called ouvriers—workingmen, Under the administration of Louis Blanc and Albert, about one hundred and twanty thousand of these men were enrolled in the national workshops, so called,to receive two francs a day for labor, and one a day when they did not work. Under such a system, it appears that a great many have enrolled themsel means of employment and other situations—some un- der a variety of names, receiving pay for each name —a great number of convicts, &e., &e.—and that little labor has been performed. It was an evil produted by Louis Blane, and tolerated when the government was only provisional and too weak to remedy the evil This matter is now undergoing # thorough revolution and excommunication, Louis Blane is out of power, the most of his associates are in prison, and the attempt at revolution has brought matters to a crisis. Tho government is making thorough work, and preparing to establish itself upon a firm and just foundation. These changes produce dissatisfaction among the lazy, idie and viciousN: hey and ambitious leaders have cou- spired to create difficulty; #nd occasiona‘ly, the: there are indications of an emcute. But all th will soon be transferred to work upon the other public works, and the whole systen Blanc broken up ‘Tho discussion is grave also between the railroads and thegovernment. ‘The latter will, probably, find it necessary to take these roads and pay for them. Some of them are unable to proceed with their road aud their engagements; and others ate regarded as incompatibie with the condition of the republic. It is in contem- of Louis plation to assume them ail and pay for them. Against this measure a part of the shareholders remon- | strate; the English are particularly eloquent against it—it creates some agitation at present, and the ques- tion has not yet been decided. ‘The continual arrests | and trials of the prisoners are exciting subjects to | agortion of the populatiog; and under these circum- stances the government is watchful, and alive and prepared for the first movement. It is gaining strength, | and the credit of the government is growing stronger | and stronger—the manifestations from all parts of t | country ‘8 overwhelming in support of the Assembly, | and the government feels strong, and is strong, and | is making a rigid examination of abuses, and apply- | sary reforms to them, | flair at Nuples has created a profound sensation | nee. and will be the subject of discussion before | sembly on Wednesday of this week. The Lon- | don Times, as | anticipated, both falsifies and justifies | the transaction. ‘There is no longer any doubt what | course England will adopt in the great drama now being performed in the European world; hor part is with tyrants and despotista, and no considerations of humanity are permitted to penetrate her heart of | marble, This question may create complications be- | tween the French and English cabinets; and without great circumspection the question will’ not be left to bo settled by the perfidious tyrant and the Italians: Frenchmen have probably been of the number massa- cred; and if this prove to be true, and that Ferdinand was acting under the adviee of Lord Napier, as is now understood, the French will not require a repetition of such affairs, to prepare them to take the redress of grievances into their own hands, After Wednesday the fac ely as thoy transpired, will be published to the world, through the Assembly, and the positioa of France, in reference to it, willbe known. The king is following up his massacre with proclamations and measures worthy of such a scene. and of Nero him- self. It is said, that all the surrounding country is people of Great excitement exists at Genoa, Turin, Rome, and, indeed, throughout Italy, Ad Baudin, commander of the French navy, has ordered his fleet from other ports into the bay. and no- tified the king that his conduct towards the French, is a breach of the treaty with France, which admits only three ships of warin the harbor. Thus the English and French both have a wavy in the bay; and are at direet | issue upon this question—one admiral in the palace advising the massacre, and the other giving notice that he would open his fire and land his forces, if the | massacre did not cease within three hours, Latest news from Austria, shows that Bohemia is at. tempting to cause the emperor to trausfer the capital from Vienna to Prague. Ciallicians, Hungarians, Bo- hemians, and Viennesy, are all petitioning the em- peror; meanwhile, there is a liberal movement of some consideration, golng forward at Vienna. Every day's uews shows the condition of Austria to bo more and more complicated. A civil war between the Germans and slaves, I regard as probable. The King of Prussia has laid his constitution before the new chamber; it consists of twenty-four articlos, and is,in substance, that which I have stated in previous letters. At the last. accounts no election for President had taken place, and whether the liberals or monarchists were strongest, was uncertain; both parties had designated their candidates The ministry of the Emperor of Austria have issued & proclamation, charging the flight of the emperor to the “ base” conduct of the people, on the 15th of Mg! They have not learnt wisdom from the fate of Louis hillppe. OBSERVER. arming and coming to the assistance of t Nap! y per- | ¢ who had other | Pants, May 30, 1848, 0,000 Ouvriers—Ab- Extent of the Conspiracy— Grave Question between the Assembly and the Exe- cutive—Ledru Rollin threatens to Resign—Elections in Paris—Thiers a Candidate, and will be Elected. Paris is still undergoing a severe agitation. Strong efforts are being made to create agitations, and serious difficulties, if possible. M. Emile Thomas, the ebief manager of the Atelier Nationale, has resigned, and been sent to Bordeaux, The workmen said he bad been sent away by force. A letter of his, to his mother was found written in pencil, in which he declared thi he had been forced to resign by the minister, and was sent out of the country, accompanied by two gentle- men, who treated him with great politeness, and told him he had an important mission to execute, which would be made known to him. The Moniteur announc- ed that he had been appointed to an important co mission, Yesterday, proclamations were published, in- viting a meeting, to take this wubject into considera- tion; and some thirty or forty thousand assem- bled ‘in two or three different parts of government, alvo, were upon the qui vi twenty-five thousand guards, and some troops of t were on duty. The minister of public works was called upon for explanations, in the Assembly, as to M. Thomas, and he said that he had him in charge of his office twelve days—-that upon the first dey, he demanded of M. E. Thomas an account of the num- ber of workmen enrolled, to be paid under his oe and was answered, 95,000—soon after 100,000, 105, 110,000, 115,000—that he had weekly followed up tl nd could get no accounts satisfactory ; that d omas had only complaints and intimations to render to him; that’ the difficulty had become too grave to be perimitted to exist longer. He had, there- fore called upon the chief to resign, which he had com- plied with, and he had given him @ mission to Bor+ | deaux,in the department of Gironde ; that there were other grave subjects to which he would not allude, in | the present condition of Paris; that this mission he took the responsibility of; and he hoped he was not wrong. The Assembly said “no, no,’ | order of the day.”” Still the subject is a ma: Iie discussion, {u and out of the pros tion of the liberty of the citizen, in the person of E. Thomas, is much spoken of. ‘The truth is, that one vast conspiracy had been prepared, to overthrow the government, embracing a vast number of chiefs, and this Atelier Nationale was relied upon to furnish the | force at the right moment, to accomplish the means ; but, as Blanqui said, “Barbe’s made a bad play of it.’ | Tho development was a little too soon, and there was | not sufficient force in readiness to sustain the success of the first movement—the officers failed for want of sol- | dicrs to sustain the charge. The government are them- | selves astonished, more and more, at the extent and | complications of theso preparations ; and have found it necessary to remove a great number of chiefs, of whom, at first, they had no suspicion, The whole system, of | keeping 100,000 men, and allowing a few chieftains to | draw, in an unrestricted manner, upon the treasury, isto | be broken up. Employment will be offered, Perplece, and not per day, and work must be performe: fore money {can be received. The government is resolute upon this point, and will maintain itself; and of the great number of laborers’ assembled, it is said, two in three favor the new measure. But whero the numbers are ge, and aminority only are mischievous, they cause, for a few days, ~ good deal of agitation, and create alarm among thé timid. And those who have witnessed the scenes in the “Reign of Terror,” or have | been made familiar with the accounts of them from their families and friends, feel timid, and are easily alarmed—like the inhabitants who have witnessed the awful effects of earthquakes, who will turn pale, scream, | and faint, frequently, upon the first indications of their approach, I havo been struck most sensibly with the | similarity of the effect produced in the two cases, among. | the leadera more particularly. The men of France do | not know fear—they have no conception of the mean- ing of the word. The firmness and heroism of the French. character, are read in every lineament and movement, in scenes like those which they have passed through the past few months. They appear to be born brave. It is exhibited in the children as well as in the adults. I think this kind of ngitation will continue for a few days, until this question, touching the interest of so large a body of men shall have been definitely settled, and the mischiovous men fully disposed of and re strained. Yesterday the Assembly discussed and adopted the report of the committeo upon the decrees referred to the Assembly by the executive, regulating the Intercourse between these two bodies, and, in some important re- spects, defining their powers, The committee have amended and modified the decrees, and entirely struck out one, which took from the President the power to order the rappel beaten. The Assembly, at the open- ing of the seasion, had given such power to the Presi- dent of their body. After the affair of the 15th. the executive proposed to take it from him, and lodge it only in their own hands. The Assembly have rejected this proposition. The executive proposed not to be called into the Assembly to respond to the call of mem- bers. The Assembly have modified that decre require them to be present, on the call of forty mem- bers. The debate was grave, yesterday, upon this sub- Ject,in which Ledru Rolin only, on the part of the exechtive, participated. If I understand the meaning of his language, it is that he will resign, if the Assembly Insive “wpm the podificution they have mado, construction given to it by certain members. The Assembly did insigs upon it very promptly, and almost unanimously—leaving the construction to be further discugsed—indeed, without a division; and what in to be | the effect of this vote remains to be seen. Ledru Rol- | lin said the executive power. ae defined by some mem- | bers of the Asgombly, was only ono of derision, and without substance Eleven vacancies exist in the delegation from Pari: | These members are to be chosen June 4th. Thiers is a | candidate, in two or three different departments where | there are vacancies, and | think he will be elected, in | the present state of the public mind. He has pledved himself to sustain the republic, The editor of tho | Presse. a paper oppored to the government, is a candi. | date—he, too. says he is for the republic, but he com. plains of negrty every act of the government, and i be lieve of nearly every member. But he has talent. fs an ex-deputy of the opposition, and. I think. may be elect. Jed Caussidiere, too, is a candidate, and his election I regard as more than probable. OBSERVER Pais, May 29. 1848, The Flight of the Emperor of Austria, and the Court Intrigues—The Proclamation—Queens of Portugat and Spain—The Massacre at Naples—The Swiss Diet. The flight of the Emperor of Austria is attributed now to the intrigues of Count Brobellen, the husband “ de la main gauche de few.” of the Arch-Duchess Marie Louise ‘They call him the husband by the left hand, &e,. because according to the custom, when a lady of | Fank marries 8 man in a condition inferior to her own, sho gives him the left hand instead of the right. The Emperor still refuses to return to Vienna, and a pro- clamation says:—‘ The fanatic efforts of a party de ~ siring liberty without any restraint, have brought about the deplorable events of the 15th of May, which have repaid with black ingratitude the imperial authority for a liberal coustitution, which had been received the 25th of April, with general acclamation. In the midst of the violences of such an illegal movement, which threatened to produce the most complete snarchy, our august Emperor has resolved not to live longer in the capital, but to goto Inspruch. Daring this voyage, proof the most emphatic and touching, of lo ad attachment of the entire poputation, has been the most grand consolation for the heart of his majesty. May heaven continue to protect the head of the august monarch, who only seeks and finds his honor in Increased Agitation in Paris duction of Emile Thomas that of his people."’ What bombast over the head of an imbecile; and what must be the condition of a people, wh ch a document could be safely published under s' roumstances. The people of the United States can never rally appreciate the condition of a priest ridden and « king ridden people, without seein, the country and living among them: nor ean the trath be appreciated, It would be taken for fiction. But Austria is struggling into existence ; and whatever tho course of preset events may be, light has broken in upon the minds of the people. They are shaking off the lethargic state of mind, in which they bave lived and serveda tyrant minister for the last forty years, and the revolution has been immense in the feclings and purposes of the Austrians within the last four months, For the first time in the history of their country. they have breathed the air of freedom, and they have committed very few excesses in breathing the intoxicating draught. Metternich has often com- mitted more crime by one dash of his pen, than all that has been committed by the people since the com- mehcement of the revolution The King of Naples has dissolved the Assembly-- abrogated the constitution he has granted—put Naples in a state of siege—filled the prisons with the inhabi- tants—thanked the lazzaroni for their exploits—ordered his ministers to prepare & now decree for clections— and taken the ministers of England and Austria by the right baud, The streets are dvserted—the inbabi- tants are imprisoned and fled—the lazzaroai and the olice of the king are only left. Fire and the sword ve laid waste to this Deautifal city—and this haa been perpetrated, as all accounts concur in stating, under the advice of England, and with the Englis Admiral ocoupying the King’s palace at the time of the enactment of this bloody and brutal scene. The most careful preparations had been mado for this bloody drama, eee to the latest ac- counts. The government of» Switzerland have taken into consideration the @ourse which ought to be adopted in referonee to the recall of the Swiss troops, under the pay of Ferdinand, who were the instruments in his hands of overthrowing the National Guards of Naples, ‘The custom of this coun- try in letting out troops to fight for hire, in the em- ployment of different nations, is most extraordinary ; and this massacre at Naples will tend to cause the new and liberal government of that country to annul the practice, While | am now writing, the subject is un- der consideration in the Swise Ditt. ‘The result of these deliberations will soon be known at Paris and Naples, The Neapolitan deputies have resolved to meet insome province of Naples; and that there will now be civil war In that boautiful country, there can be little doubt, England must be respousible for the