The New York Herald Newspaper, May 15, 1848, Page 1

THE NEW YORK HERALD. ‘Whole No. 509°, NEW YORK, MONDAY MORNING, MAY 15, 1848. AFFAIRS IN EUROPE. ONE WHEE LATER. ARRIVAL STBAMSHIP CAMBRIA. IMPORTANT INTELLIGENCE. ANOTHER BATTLE IN DENMARK. Taking of Schleswig by the Prussians. Occupation of Flensburg. Sicily Declared Independent of Naples. MORE REPORTED BATTLES BETWEEN THE AUSTRIAN AND ITALIAN FORCES, ALARMING STATE OF IRELAND. THE ELECTIONS IN FRANCE. State of the Parties. STABILITY OF THE REPUBLIC. ADDRESS OF THE AMERICAN MINISTER TO THE PROVISIONAL GOVERNMENT. M. DE LAMARTINE’S REPLY. State of the Markets. SPECIAL CORRESPONDENCE OF THE NBW YORK HERALD. he. &e. be. ‘The steamship Cambria, Captain Harrison, ar- rived yesterday morning from Liverpool, whence she sailed on the 29th ult., and thus made the pas- sage, including her stop at Halifax, in fourteen days and eighteen hours. Our papers and letters, from London as well as Liverpool, are to the 29th ult. inclusive. The news from the Continent of Europe conti- nues to be of an exciting character. Arming in Ireland progresses with great rapidity and enthusiasm. The diminution of bullion in the Bank of Eng- land was exciting attention, It is not unlikely that a considerable sum had been sent to France and Holland, and also to [reland, to meet any run arising out of the apprehension for the savings banks. Importations during the week were large from Calcutta, Madras, St. Helena, Port Philip, New York, Portugal, West Indies, Singapore, Cape of Good Hope, Fernando Po, Cape Coast Castle, and St. Petersburgh. The cotton market was quiet during the week ending the 29th ult. The low and middling quali- ties were about one-eighth below the last quota- tions; but fair Upland continued to sell at 43d; fair Mobile 43d. In the value of fair Orleans we note an advance to “4jd, the latter being required for export. The sales of the week are 30,940 bales, of whieh exporters have taken 5000. The advices from the manufacturing districts throughout England and Scotland, are, in some re- spects, more favorable than those previously receiv- ed. There had been considerable business done in Manchester, especially in goods suitable for India, China, and the Levant, but at prices lower than the previous week. There is not much im- provement in prospect, and the spinners and manu- facturers are very heavy losers, notwithstanding the cheapness of the raw inaterial. Yarns are low- erin price, and but little business doing. All kinds of breadstuffs are in good demand, and prices had an upward tendency. The steamship United States will not leave Li- verpool for New York until the 17th inst. ‘There were no vessels in sight off Holyhead or the port on the 29th ult., although the wind was west. It is said that M. Lamartine has concluded a treaty offensive and defensive between the French republic, Switzerland, the Italian States, and that portion of Germany represented in the Diet at Frankfort, Our London Correspondence. Lonpon, April 28, 1848—P. M. Summary of the Foreign Intelligence. Honor to whom honor is due! America, tho free, was the first to give a sister's hand to the young repub- lic of France. The electric spark of liberty thrilled like magic through the heart of every citizen in tho United States, and the banner of the United States was the first to entwino its glorious folds with the tri- color, amidst the shouts of enthusiasm of a people whose fetters had just been severed asunder. America has repaid the debt she owed to France, who was the firat to recognise the independence of America. Honor, then, to the star-bospangled banner, and let Mr. Rush's speech and Lamartine’s answer lead the way of my despatches, which are rich in important and interest- ing detai 26th April, Mr. Rush presonted to the provisional government the letters of recognition of the French republic. He spoke as follows :— Gontlemen:—T have the honor of presenting to yon a lotter froin the President of the United States, which confers on me the qnality ry aud, minister plenipotontiary af tint repablie to f France, in presen my duty to ex to you, at the same timo. the sincere solicitude which te President Yeele for Lhe prosperity of France am directed to inform you of > cultivat, with zeal and cordiality, between the the most friendly relations, whieh will sorve to ost procious reciprocal intervats, 1 Algo charged to declare ant the President approves of my conduct in recognizing the French republic, when. its existence was announced to the world brusry by th Yernment. Lt was then three days after its bi th of its existence, ovisional Go- nt this Daring that.iuterval, when all Wee oxponed to the gravest trial rmment has succeeded in en- to it the supreme blessings of tranquillity at home, and of poace alroad. History will take note of that immense work. Jam doubly happy to again offer on this occasion my. felicita tions, since Fean now do so with the dont of my governmen and of my country. T may now again be mublic. sual exprom my antent wishes that ssod from your hands, which of the National As ore by the extablishment mitted to ir Lamartine replied as follows-— Citizen Minister, the provisional ge to represent it at inl re ‘nment has charged me your hands the ive fre the French ropubli ndenee of the Am sted, but whieh, prineip century to increase to the proportions o By tho restrictive justice of Providen American republic’ to be the first to recognize the new French republic, and so to affix ite signature to the certificate of birth of Freneh democracy in Europe, ‘That signature will bring good for- tune to the republic, Notwithstanding the agitations and em: Lrrassments inseparable from such w erisis—from the downta hie government nud the creation of institutions of quite a differ. character, from so great a displacement of men and things, ay ur fellow citizens that everything gives us the assurance that good wishos for France will be accomplished, and that the lie will isene strong and great from our feeble hands, to pass stronger aad greater into the hands of the whole nation, 8 us that confidence is, thas the French people are hence- for choir institutions, What was, fifty-five years w idea of the superior men of the nation, has passed rly a whe it has belonged to the fie stil What forwar tack, only ti peri into ihe ideas and habits of the whole people, without exception. | ‘The republic which they wish for is that which you have yours felvex founsled—a progressive rpublic, but comsdrvative of the ideas of property, res, commerce, probity, liberty, and and religions feeling of the eitizens, It ia republic of chich the first cry Was # ory of generosity, of fraternity—-which (tered to pieces the atm of vengeance and political renction:— ich proclaimed pence, and which, in place of insoribing on ite Rasincy the fatal words if exappropriaton and proscription, has inscribed there the abolition of the pain of death and tho fraterni- ty of nations, ‘These principles adopted, as we hope they will be, by the National Assembly, strengthened by an invincible furce, of which each citizen has consti sd himself, as you have seen, a it trong representative unity of French republic the glorious sister of republic; and it may be said of the French people yeople—what a man dear to our two coun- ies applied to them—that they are the republics of the two worlds, Aw tothe sentiments, which the French people return with sensi- bility and gratitude to the citizens, and to the government of the United Statos, I shall express them to you in a age word—every Frenchman has for the Americans the rt of Lafayette.” THE FRE! ELECTIONS, My last letter will have prepared you for bad tidings from Paris, I am happy to say that, contrary togeaeral expectation, and even to the astonishment of all, the elections have passed over most quietly. Your Paris corrospondent will doubtless give you a detailed ac- count. All the attempts of the ultra communists have proved abortive—the grand demonstration in favor of the provisional government. of which I sent you an ac- encamped within the quadrangle formed by those for- tresses. According to accounts we have received, he is undecided between two plans, either to leave scanty garrivons in Mantua and Verona. and draw up his | troops in line of battle between the Mincio and the | Adige, so as to keep up the communications between | the two fortresses, or to throw some additional troops into Mantua, and to concentrate all ‘his forces under the very walls of Verona, there to await the onslaught; | | and, in case of defeat, to fall back on the Tyrol. ‘The Inst plan will, it is thought, be adopted by the Marshal. Such is the position of the two armies. Since the above was written, later advices have received. The King, it seems, is still inclined to give | battle. Minas, April 20. A despatch arrived here this moming from the head quarters of the Piednontese army, bringing the news of an attack, directed by the King of Sardinia in person, against the Austrians sta- oned in the neighborlivad of Mantua,’ The Duke of Savoy, (the count in my last, seems to have settled the question, and the result of the general elections, which may be regarded as the true expression of public opinion, is in favor of all the moderate party. Tho funds at the Bourse haye risen four per cent. Bank shares have risen nearly 200 francs since the result of the elections has become pretty ce restored. Machinations vernment are still rumored; it was even reported that a plot was made to blow up the Hotel de Ville, and an investigation has been set on foot in consequence.— ‘The French people have shown themselves worthy of the freedom they so nobly attained, and the would-be dictator, Ledru Rollin, and his satellites—Blangin and his conspirators—can only bite their lips and conspire wt the provisional go- {aubjoin the transactions on the Paria Bourse, of yea- terday, (Thursday,) which speak plainer than any other language. Tho Bourso of a great nation is the barometer of the State, and speaks of fine weather and tempest, in » political sense, with infallible truth: “Bou nay, % ‘Thuraday; April 27.—The buoyancy in the market, which was so pereoptibie yestorday, in consequence of the rosult of the Paris elections, continued to-day in a very te ble manner. The Pive Per Cents have again! risen not less than 4f,, closing at 69; and the Three Per Cents 250e,, at 47f. It will te'perecived that the advance {a considerably greater in the fives than in comparison in tho Thive Per Cents, the former being sidered lower than in the latter, A large ainount of business transacted in Loth, but particularly in the Five Per Cents, w closed at their -highost quotation ; the Threes, however, were, heir apparent to the Sardinian throne,) was also present at this After , and in whieh the Pied- ‘and bravery, the Aus “themselves up in the fore ¢ on the fortress n Pesechie- ra Others mppose that w pitched battle wil be first fought with the army \letaky, stationed at Verona. Meanwhile Piedmont army, in order the better to secuse the whole line of the Mincio, are busily engaged in furtifying the bridges of Guito, Valeygio, Moyambans, &c, An engagement, has likewise taken place between the Italian corps of General Zucchi and the Aus- trians at Visco, a village situated on the frontiers of Hlyria, The test Inated during four hours, but ultimately, though not t great difficulty, the Italians succeeded in’ guining posses. the village, The Austrians then retired in good order, vetting firein their retreat te ‘and Talmiceo, two Venetian villages, nu, Tusean and Neapolitan te (of f the line) have arrived in Lom. where they will join or act in concert with the More are expo ontoxe army. from Naples, and it is said they will be commanded by General Pepe, who lately resided in Paris, ‘Therv are likewise a considerable number of free corps at Ontiglia, on Janta, and in the Italian ‘Tyrol. One of these carpe h a sinart check, having lost upwards of ei ed, notwithstanding, 4 interior affairs in the incipal towns, such a4 Mi urin, Genoa, Boulogne, Jeghorn, &e, two parties, port et, may be remarked, the count lists and the republicans, both having different ob- jects in view, ‘The former desire to form a single State of Lom- panty, Piedmont, Venice, Parma, and Modens, compriting nearly twelve millions of inhabitants, and with Charles Albert as King. ‘The republicans, on the other hand, who are in great number at nd oven Bologna, are divided into two sections, the uni- taires and federalists, both of whom, much one moment quoted 8 frang higher than their closing price ; of France shares underwent grvat variations during the day opened at 1.5756, went up to 1.d80F, , fell to oso again fo 1,S00E, finally closing at 1-420, the day before. Rothschild's Neapolitans romain as they were. 63f.0c.; Belgian Fives were in demand, and closed at OOYf. or 3f. higher; and Roman, If, at 90446; Bons du Trosor were not nego- tinted all day. Railway shares were not 40 firm as the day before, valators being anxious to realize the large profits arising fram’ the tate advanoa,® Some of the working Muss, however, are 3 closed at 590f,, or 2Uf, im goneral somewhat higher. Tho Orlean: hotter; Bordeaux at 398,78. oF SE750. 1f.25¢,; Row 5c. lower, nai ‘30f,, and the char Tho finai result of the French general olections will robably not be known till late to night, I have given natructions for a telographig despatch to be sent me immediately they are known, but it will probably ar. rive too late for the Cambria.’ Tho following list will give you the averege state of the poll in all the arron- dissements of Paris, with the exception of the Faubourg St. Antoine, the classic ground of barricades—the low- est quartier of Paris, where Ledru Rollin, Albert, Louis Blanc and Flocon, head the list—thore is jittle or no doubt but that all'the members of the provisional go- vernment will be returned; but all the moderates will load the way. In tho departments the moderate can- didates have in noarly every instance carried the day. Here is a criterion of the Lamartine, . Marrast. Dupont Mari 495 Carnot... . 339 Caussidiere Ww ‘There is @ curious fact connected with tho eisctions. All the coal-porters, boatmon, and others residing at the Villette outside the Barriere St. Martin, voted for one candidate only—Prince Louis Napoleon. The provisional government has given up the idea of seizing on the railways, What do you say to the following tit-bit in the Con- stitutionnel of yesterday, under the hoad of Novvelles de la Cour ? “On Tuesday, there wasa dejuner at the Petit Trianon. Ladies were invited “M. Ledru Rollin did the ors. There was also a stag-hunt at Chantilly, and battues in the Rete of Atremont! ‘Kecording to report, Ledru ‘Rollin isa jolly, rotund little fellow, not averse to the golden juice of the grape, and regular Cupid with the ladies, “Are we to witne: another Para aux cerfe, and to have a second Louis XIV, ? But I must not trespass further on your Paris cor- respondent ; and now, adieu, belle Franco, and to the GENERAL STATE OF EUROPE. trump of war is sounding loud throughout Eu- teeds are noighing, artillery trains rattle through the streets of many towns—hore and there red pots are in the horizon from burning villages—many a brave man has bit the dust—many a one reaped glory—and many # wifoand maiden has to weep a husband or lo- ver ; but as yet the great war has not taken place, for until England, Franco, ‘and Russia are in the fleld, it it does not deserve the name—mais ca via !—and a careful observer of the state of the political hori- zon in Europe neod not to be a Zoroaster to foretell that Mare {a in the ascendant. ‘THE WAR OF INDEPENDENCE IN ITALY. Tho rumored capture of Peschiera is not confirmed. The following account, derived from the most authen- tie source, will give you a correct idea of the present position of affairs in Lombardy. The Austrian general Nugent has crossed the Ironzo at the head of “30.000 regular troops, without any oppo- sition from General Zucchi, whose head-quarters are at Palma Nova. The exact spot where General Nu- gont crossed is not given. but it was probably between Gorz and Gradizka, both situated on the river, and on the high road from Vienna to Palma Nova and Udine. Gorz was formerly a fortress, but the citadel now serves asa prison. Gradizkais eurrounded by high walls. and was formerly a fortress of the first class. The high road from Trieste to Venice passes about two miles be- low the town. Palma Nova, which is only two post ata- tions from Gradizka, is already in the Venetian terri- tory, and was placed in a state of complete defence when ‘cocupled by the French troops. The fortitica- tions form an oval, and consist of nine bastions of mas- sive stone, surrounded by twelve double trenches of at depth. A battle between the troops of General gent and Zucchi’s crusaders may be expected, to prevent the former forming a junction with Radetzki under the walls of Verona,” Iam sorry to say that dissensions have arison be- tween the King of Sardinia and the Milanese. “Great surprise has been felt of late at the rather sud- den inactivity shown by the King of Sardinia in prose- cuting the war against Austria—an inactivity which forme a striking contrast with his conduct at the com- mencement of the campaign. For some time past the fact has been the subject of conversation at Milan, and various have been the comments made upon it. Ac- cording to some, Charles Albert had become alarmod at the formidable position of Radetzky; according to oth- ers. he was paralyzed by the threats of England, while a third party maintained, that on finding that the pro- visional government at Milan was disposed to form a republic, inste . a8 he fondly expected, the crown of Lombardy own head, he deter- mined to withdraw from a contest in which he had al- ready lost character, and from which, ful, he could not hope;to derive personal advantage. The fact an to be that the last guess is the nearest to the trut! A difference has arisen between Charles Albert and the provisional government at Milan, of so serious a nature that it is likely to have » very sinister effect on the events of the war,in as far as the interests of Lomabardy are concerned. * Letters re- ceived from the head-quarters of General Gazzaldo, and which are stated by the Contempoi 0 to be official, state that the quarrel has, within the last few days, as. sumed a character equally grave and unexpected. Ac- cording to these letters, Charles Albert has writen to th visional government at Milan, intimating, first, that he considers the;Mincio as the extreme boundary between Lombardy and Venice; in the second ylace, that the Venctians having constituted themselves into a republic, it is not his intention to set foot within their territory; and thirdly that the Austrians, having abandoned the Lombard territory, with the exception of Mantua and Peschiera [Verona and Legnano,) he considers that he has aecomplished his mission. Be- sides this, he calls upon the provisional government to lore no time in making up their minds, and guarding the frontiers with their own troops, as he is quite de- termined to r as soon asthe Lombard troops shall have taken possession of the positions which he at pre- rent occupies, From the Italian journals we learn that 7 ro] the Piedmontese army consists of from 45,000 to 60.000 | regular disciplined troops, all of them eager for the bat- tle. ‘The right wing of the army is supported by a body of six thousand volunteers, some of whom have thrown themselves into the Tyrol to cut off all re- treat. The left wing of the rdinian army is commanded by th “purcan neral, Ferrari, he ing crossed the Po on the 18th with 8,000 men, = troops of the line, partly volunteers. General Durando is advanein, by forced marches, with sixteen battalions of Roman and Swiss troops, and two regiments of cavalry, and was ex- pected to cross the Po on the 20th, but it is not known whether he was to join General Zucchi in the Venetian territory, to prevent Goneral Nugent from joining Radetaky, or whether he was to join the main army to give battle. The heavy artillery from Brescia has joined the army. Volunteers flock daily to the Piedmontese stan: . The head-quarters of the King are at Volta Mantovanna, The march of the 12.000 troops promised by the King of Naples has been countermanded, According to a letter dated Udine, 1ith, at seven in the evening, General Zucchi had an affair with the outposts of Marshal Nugent in tho morning of that day. The general had gone out to re- connoitre ; the skirmish lasted four hours, with some loss on both sides, The village of Visco fell a prey to the flames, Two other villages in the Venetian terri- tory, Privano and Talmicco, wore set fire to in the night by the Austrians, Count Hartig, who was sent on a pacific mission from Vienna, is with General Na- gent. The position taken by Radetzsky is a strong one. His army, forty thousand strong, exclusive of the 30,000 commanded by General Nugent, and the garri- sons of Verona, Mantua, Peschiera, and Legnano, is President of the grand Italian rej A gained by Charles Albert, would give a great preponderance to the constitutional party, who desire the formation of all upper Italy into one State. ‘The electoral law for the convocation of the as constituents of Lombardy, is just now course, whatever part Milan may take, will exercise a gre o4 on the rest of the north of Ttal Mazzini, Caunti, Martanelli, Berchet, nd other Italian Milan, M. Giobert! is expected from Pari being made for a demonstration in his hono CHANGE OF DYNASTY IN SICILY. ‘The following official document has been published at Palermo: “The Parliament declams—1. Ferdinand Bourbon and his dy nasty are for over fallen from the throne of Sivily. 2. Sicily shall govern horself constitutionally, fand call to the’ throne an Italian Princo, as soon as she shall have reformed her statuto. “ Dono and resolved at Palermo, on the 13th April, “The President of the Chamber of Commons, “Marquis of TORREARSA ; “ The President of the Chamber of Peers, « Duke of SERRADIFA’ “Tho President of the Kingdom, “ RuGcERo Sxrrino, The town was to be illuminated the three nights fol- lowing; on the 13th all the bronze statues of the house of Bourbon were thrown down, and they will be cast into cannon. ly. M, patriots are at present at is, and preparations are GERMANY. Like the chartist demonstration in London, the at- tempted outbreak at Vienna proved a failure. Aus- tria is comparatively quiet. and too much ocoupicd with her war in Italy to be unruly at home, Some dis- turbances of a serious nature took place at Berlin; an attempt was made to proclaim a republic, but the citi- zens turned out, and matters remain in statu quo.— Prussia is at open war with Denmark. Germany, however, is in a very unsettled state; and as the geveral elections for the German Parliament come on in May—and the election of the head of the Diet will have to be made—no one can foretell what will happen. Some serious disturbances have taken place in Ha- nover, but tranquillity is restored. ‘Tho insurrection broke out at Hildesheim. A letter from Hanover of at Hildesheim, which threatened to produce most serions consequences to this and neighboring States, hns been suppressed without bloodshed, through the prompt and energetic measures employed by the ministers, with the King’s concurrence, Tt appears that the people and populace of that city, one of the largust in the country, upon hearing of the arrest of Advocate Weinhagen, flew to arms, and, rushing to the townhonse, broke in and seized the Landrath (President of Regency) with other of the officials, whom they carried off us hostages, and menaced with death, unless Weinhiagon was liberated. ‘The tocsin was sounded, barricades were thrown up, houses pillaged, a provisional regen: cy formed, and preparations for defence undertaken, — Canno Wore procured fro the government store, and the people being joined by the burgher guard, bade defiance to the government ‘and its agents, Inthe meantime the ters were not idle— Tt was resolved, come what might, to enforce submission, aud to restore the power of the legal authorities, Consequently a bri- gade of two thousand infyutry was speedily despatched by rail fo the spot ‘These ware followed during the night bys four squadrons, and eight tleld pieces, ‘Those troops reoeived not to enter the town of Hildeshiem, but to take up x position outside, so a8 to provent ingress or ogress. ‘The officers commanding having executed thea onder at tive A. m. yexteriay summoned the insur- gents to surrender at discretion within six hours, threatening to Jombard the town in the event of refusal. Fortunately this rigor- ous measure was rendered unnecessary by the appearance of a flag of truce, offoring unconditional surrerider, and the liberation of the imprisoned Authorities and in Jess than ‘an boar therefrom the troops entered the town peaceably; the po ding the Horgher guard, were disarined, aud the. athe liberated and reinstated in office, 4 fow ringleaders and pill: rested, and moasures adopted to prevent a recurrencs ing strong patrols and guards, As 9 punishment, ‘troops are quartered on the inhabitants, and will continue so for the present, t is diificult to describe the anxiety oxoitod by this outbreak, or the satisfaction produced by its prompt and bloodless termination, ‘The mode in which this affair was conduoted shows that, when go- vernments and troops are rysolute, active, and do their duty, in- surrections can be oaaily quelled, It also shows that the executive tmay depend upon ite army, a rare ocaurrence, in thea days, when soldiers are taught that it is more praiseworthy to abandon their colors, to deliver up their arma, and to break their oaths and alle. wiance, than to hold firm to their ranks, their duty, aud to all that they formerly held sacred. jut the most serious event that has taken place was the attempt of the revolutionary bands, joined by the German Legion from Paris, to proclaim a re the grand Duchy of Baden. The leader of this move- ment is Hecker, an ex-member of the Chamber of the States of Baden. The attempt has proved abortive. PRUSSIA AND DENMARK—FIERCE BATTLE AND LOSS OF LIFE. Notwithstanding the protest of Lord Palmerston, the king of Prussia, though he hesitated fora moment. was unable to withstand the torrent of public opinion. and he sent a reply referring tho British minister to the Germanic Diet. His troops immediately crossed the Eider, and are at the present moment in possession of Schleswig, having driven out the Danes, who made a fierce and obstinate resistence. I have received advices to the 25th ; another engage- ment followed : the Danes evacuated Schleswig. after great loss on both sides. and retired in good order. ‘The question now ariser-—Will Lor) Palmerston fol- low up his protest and declare war to Germany’ Will Russia help the Danes? If Carlo Alberto is beaten by Radetzki, will France enter Italy? Like Damocles, Europe is ona couch with a sword bung by a single hair"above, her head. POLAND. The Courrier de Cracovie announces that at the in- stigation of the prince-Governor, a deputation of four of the principle magnates of Poland, headed by Krasin- will present itself to the Emperor at St. Petersburg. the object of entreating for the re-establishment of the kingdom of Poland, as it was previous to the re- yolution, and for taking all necessary steps that those arts not actually now forming a part of Poland may te also united together under the Russian Crown. Of those parts, Gallicia and the Grand Duchy of Posen are tobe understood a« two. If the Prince-Governor be really the person who has adyisod this step, the infor. mation is of great importance, From, K der date of the 17th April, we hear that th of Russian Guards some days since left St. Petersburg. they will take up their quarters for the present at Ri- 7 ga. ‘The rumor. according to which Russia would consent to the reconstitution of thojkingdom of Poland, acquires more probability. A letter in the Breslau Gazette of the 16thof April, states that ‘the Polish constitution is to be re-established, and an independent king (the Grand Duke Con: ine, or Prince L chtenberg) proclaimed, who wor demand the restitution of Galli- cia and Posen The following proclamation has be: Contral National Committee of Poland :— issued by the “ Whon, in the yoar 1545, in contravention of the most solemn trontion, as if to ill up thy re of eritnes perpetrated on the Polish nation, the Republic + the Ia nant of ourine | dopendent « {into Aust ion of of Europe the Polis on Jand, and sumin und posterity— «Punishment soon followed the ¢1 par tribunal this ed its perpetrators bef “At the | tion of nat | ie present moment, ions, we receive official ann of Poland being in contemplation. Indeed, it, had it not been mniented to us by authorit a ye i oft i om ant | and ite exige anxious spurions agitation in fivy higher authorities to give them ® 3s will be separated from the Duchy ut F Jonfederation, manly, that, true to the whole ter m wil, as soon as it } promise fosen andl incorpors ati pendent, leave the free choice portions of their country which, ow of a doubtful a : 6 | tion of the whole of jude t | een accomplished, so long we | tion of any portion of our country as a new pa j nil we herewith enter our solemn y ire the nations of urope Against so lawless an act, and arraign the originators and Derpetrators of thir scheme beforo the Justice of the provent gene ¢ .| ration and po Signed ty. “Jawoonowsnr, M. owsKt, LineLt, HACZEWSKE, STONCZERONKI,” Poren, April 17th, TS" ” SWEDEN. |. Advices from Stockholm. the 14th of April, we hoar | that the minority of the committee, consisting of | members of the towns and country places, has remit- | | ted to the King an address ontreating him to present | to the Diet at present sitting. a project for changing | the constitution, based upon the principle of general elections. The King has replied that he had already determined, with the unanimous consent of his minis- tors, to present immediately a_ proj general elections. without reference to different classes, merely keeping proper account of capacity # fortune. Owing to the continued attacks directed against cstablish, | eighty passengers, and twelve camels recently arrived public in | cers held a meeting last ni them by the four orders of the Diet, the Swedish min- | istry have retired in a body, and their resignation was | accepted by the King. ‘The following is the programme of the new ministry :—Count G. A. lelSparre, marshal of the kingdom, Justice; Baron Stierneld, Foreign | Affairs ; M.A. P. Sanstroem, Finances; M. de Hohen- | hausen, War; M. d’Ehrenstamm, Marine ; M. Genlar, | Public Worship and Public Instruction ; MM. Gyllen- granat and Faxa, ministers without portfolios. form societies are springing up in all the pro- vinces. SWITZERLAND. win extraordinary courier left Coire (canton of the ‘risoms) on the 6th, for Berne, to inform the Diet that a strong body of Austrians purposed forcing the En- gaddi pass above Chiavenna, ‘The grand council of Berne has been conyvoked for | the 8th of May. No less than sixty-three projects of law are on the order of day for discussion. ENGLAND AND IRELAND. England is quiet—the signal failure of the Chartist demonstration on the 10th, was a death blow, at least for some time to come, to Chartist movements in Eng- land. The good citizens of London are as proud as turkey-cocks. at being special constables for three months, and having achieved a victory without blood- shed. ‘The funds are rising. The favorable turn of the French elections has greatly contributed to this rise, At the same time, small paragraphs like the fol- lowing make many a merchant feel queer and uncom- fortable:— State of Trade in Manchester, Everything commercial and manufacturing is litorally at a stand-étill here, Nothing is doing on ‘Change, and great numbers of the mills and workshops are either ly closed or working only short time. About 10,000 ives are at present working short time, and nearly the same are wholly out of em- ment.” The operative popal ore: the shopkeepers and trad tressed, and hundreds know not relief, ‘The xtate of Ireland ts most ing. The whole country is armed; Dublin swarms with troops, and I fear, sooner or later, bloodshed will ensue. I aay I foar —for though I share the liberal feelings of all true pa- triots, I doubt, if tho agitation will succoed, famino, bloodshed, and misery will be the result, I refer you to tho files of papers for fuller information, It was cur- rently reported here to-day that Dublin had been de- clared in a stato of siego; but I do not believe it. Duntax, April 2. The story now, current amonzst the republican party. is, that there will be no ‘movement until the 23d of May next, the anni- versary of the outbreak in 1795, exactly half a century ago. My 1n belief, as I have often stated, is, that there is led de- t there is no organization for such ground for the alarm that ex Lj isaffection enough, but, up to this time, it is weattered and disorganized, Mesara,” Sinith O'Brien. and Meagher have proceeded ‘upon an agitating mission to tho South yeovlgns to the trial, and fe is quite likely that they will succeed it making a considerable commotion. jon are not the principal suffor- lly are deeply dis- Dustin, April 26, ‘The intelligenco from various parts of the country, received to- day, describes a very dangerous. state of excitement, and the agi- tation is hourly becoming more formidable and menacing. SPAIN. Carlist bands are becoming more numerous. Good F riday passed over quietly in the capital. The Duke and Duchess of Montpensier had left for Aranjuez, I mon- tioned ina former letter that the duke and duchoss had been compelled to leave London. A new light has voen thrown upon the subject, though the rumored plot to poison the Queen of Spain has not been con- firmed. Lord Palmerston having requested Mr. Bulwer to present a violent, almost insolent despatch to the Spa- nish government, beginning as follows :—* Sir, I have to recommend you to advise the Spanish government to adopt a legal and constitution! sys- tem’’—the Duke of Sotomagor very cooly returned the despatch to Mr, Bulwer, signifying that if he sent another he should not read it. At the same time he replied to the English government, demanding Mr. Bulwer’s recall. ‘The whole London press blame Lord Palinerston, and in a leading article, the Times comes out with the following : «the Infanta heraelf® was driven to these shores, and was enti. | officers and members tled to every mark of attention that could be offered to her, Ltis torious that the pretensions of Lord Palmerston were such ‘as to induce the Duchess of Montpensier and her husband to quit this country and repair to Holland, whilst a Dutch steamer was Prepared to convey the royal exiles to the coast of Spain; and when their Royal Highnessos called to take leave of Queen Vieto- Fis at Buckingham palace on the eve of their departury they were not admitted, by the advice of Lord Palmerston, who was sent for on the oceasion, to the houor of an audi ‘They therefore, astonished and irritated which the influence of a single minis their rank and their misfortunes. pain and it eertatnly was no dificult task to persuade Quocn ella that her sister tad been roceived in England with vory Uitte of the cousideration to which she, was entitied. ‘The effect has been what might be antici But this was not all. Mr. Bulwer was recommended to follow 1p these heroic exploits, dirvct- ed against fugitive princes, by a diplomatic demonstration against the cabinet, which had at any rate beaten ‘and the revolt. reets of Madrid. Tn short, no means have, as it would der tho ‘estrangement and hostility ents complete.” y unpopular. He has protes gainst Sardinia helping Lombardy, against Prussia taking Schleswig, and this last act has made him the object of universal censure. Denmark has laid an embargo on all Prussian ves- sols... Prussian trade is completely stopped—two of the Hamburg steamers have stopped running. Our Southampton Correspondence. Sovrnamrron, April 28, 1848, Movements of the Ocean Steamers. The steamship Hermann is detained here in conse- quence of some trifling defect in her machinery, which it has been deemed advisable to repair. She has about ‘Thus it was they arrived in from Egypt, will take passage in her. The object of my writing you is to say, that yeate day large handbills were circulated through South- ampton, thus THE STEAMSHIP CAMBRIA WILL Leave LIVERPOOL FOR NEW YORK ‘On Saturday, April 29, AND HAS ROOM FOR PASSENGERS. As this is evidently‘an unworthy and pettifogging proceeding on the part of the Cunard Company, I hope you will take notice of it in your paper. ‘The passen- ht on board the Hermann, end passed a resolution’ that the “ Cambria may ever have room for passongers.”” Our Irish Correspondent. Dentin, 27th April, 1848, State of Ireland, $e. On Thursday evening last. after I had posted my lotter, several of the city clubs met throughout Dublin. The Lord Lieutenant got afraid of such a simultaneous movement, and, in order to be prepared for the worst, had all the troops under arms that night. 300 of tho marines wore ordered up from the two frigates stationed at Kingston, armed with cutlasses and boarding pikes; rockets were let off several times during the night; detachments of 100 men each were thrown into the college, post office, and the custom house; while His Excellency is not regardless of his own safety, an officer and 200 cavalry and infantry being stationed at his Excellency’s residence in the Park. But notwith- standing all those precautions, the government do not appear to consider their milltary strength sufficient, for it is said they intend raising a strong body of English and Scotch n 6 regiments English and 15 Scotch, all of whom will be sent to Ireland. In Dublin, the military preparations are still progressing. A wooden bridge ix constructed to throw agross the canal at Portobello barracks, in case the stone bridge should be eut down On Thursday evening. a meeting of the repealers was held at the large room of the Hibernian Hotel, which was attended by a number of the Roman Catholic rgy and others. The meeting consisted, in addition to the foregoing. of mechanics, and was densely crowded, Mr. Shine Lawler made an address, and fter a few preli bservations, said he was sorr that the names of the high ere not to the requisition which called them together. They were there that night to tell the go- vernment that they love peace, but that they would not submit any more to be trampled upon. He then stated that he rexpected the great talent and love of country of John O'Connell, but he was not fit to take the mantle of Daniel O'Connell. He had greater con- fidence in the old Boroihme bleod of Smith O’Brien, Mr. Lawler then proceeded to denounce Morgan John O'Connell; and the Rey. Owen O’Sullivan came for- ward and said he had signed a petition lately, but it was the last petition he would ever sign to the British Parliament. In alluding tothe declaration, signed by 260,000. The Rev, gentleman said he would put him- fat the head of 2,000 Killorjhia men, and he would roon rout the 266,000 bucks. The Repeal Association held their usual meeting on Monday last, which was numerously attended, Mr. P. Delany, T. C., in the chair, Mr. John O'Connell read a letter from Bishop Freneh ing the address which had been agreed to by the Association, to be presented to the Queen. His Lordship regretted that he could not form one of the dep her Majesty, on account of his age John O'Connell read an address to th land. Mr, John Reynolds, M.I., in t ‘ stated his belief that repeal would be obtained | by the moral foree policy of O'Connell, and that if any | other course were adopted, all hope of a domestic Legis- | lature would be at anend. He thought that the wri- | tings and speeches of the young Ireland party were the causes which procured the © gagging bill;’ and | that while some of that party were sincere, he believed the most of them to be knaves and traitors, In the course of his observations he spoke very strongly of the Nation newspaper; and gave it as his opinion that Mr. putty, the proprietor, was only patriotic because it was profitable speculation to him to be'so, The latter ob- servation the membersof the meeting appeared todisap- prove of. ‘The rent was announced at £31 88, 3d. We have had a visit from tho chartist members of the Convention, for the purpose, it is stated, of estab- lishing a cordial understanding between repealers and the workmen in England. ' The adjourned meeting of the Protestants of Drog- heda was held last week in the Mayoralty rooms, ‘Thos. North, Esq. inthe chair, After some discussion, a vote of loyalty to the Queen was agreed to, and the following resolution was earried unanimously Resolved, That considering the manner in whieh the British Parliament is ited, the very unsatisfactory nature of ite enactments for this 6 Which the ntry, and of the mode i are kenerally earried out, and the desire which the great hody of the Teople here are daily exprossing for a local: management of he affairs of this oo M of delibera- tng jn thelr ‘own capital, holding their ow property in krelaud, | lation; they want and being acquainted with the wants, necowitios and resources of the country, that we petition both hyuses of the Imp cut, to take the wishes of the Lxiah people into their inmedtate consideration, and to enact @ law which will give as x domestic parliament. ‘The majority of those present repudiated the charge of having signed the declaration of confidence in the Lord Clarendon. On the other hand, the Orange Society have been holding meetings. On Saturday, the following eve- ning, & meeting was held in Whitefriar’s Hall, at which the following Orange Lodges were represented by their Nos. 2 440, 505, 1234, 1619, ‘2, 1679, 1700, 1703, 1708, 1728, 1757, 1808, 1848, 1948. ‘The following resolution was adopted, the Grand Mas- ter, the Earl of Enniskillen, in the chai Resolved, That we, the Orangemen of Dublin, the falso and ious assertions repen! consequence of willy made by the re penlers, &c,, that we would join them in their reckless proceed ings do hereby declare in behalf of ourselves and brethren gen- erally throughout the United Kingdom, that we shall not, how- ever, remotedly be identified or connected with any treasonable or seditious movement ; and that we aro determined to. aid and assist the authorities in the lawful execution of their duties, in tho suppression of anarchy and revolution, and in support of our sovereign, and the inaintenance of the union betweon thes king- joms. The citizen club held their first meeting in Cork on Wednesday week, There was a large attendance, amongst which, were a number ot delegates of the trades. The club recommend the citizens to “arm” quietly as possible, to be prepared for every contin- gency, and to take steps for the nomination of repre- sentatives in the council of 300. An address has appeared in the papers, from the orange- men of the} city of Londonderry, to the protestants of Ulster, calling on them to unite and assist the rern- ment, in case of an emergency; while Mr. Mitchell, in a very able letter to the protestants, farmers, laborers, and artizans, of the north of Ireland, after pointing out the cause of all the grievances, says that it is not the repeal of the Catholic Emancipation Act, nor yet the repeal of the Union Act itself, that will cure all this.— Nothing will cure it, save the total overthrow of tl aristocratic system of government, and the establish- ment of the people's inalienable sovereignty. We must have Ireland out for certain peers, and nominees of peers, in College Green. But Ireland for the Irish—I scorn and spit upon repeal of the union, A declaration of the gentry merchants, and others of Newry, in favor ofa return to the ancient constitution of Ireland, has appeared in the Newry Telegraph, and has received the signatures of many gentlemen of i fluence and station hitherto considered the most de- termined enemies of repeal. Mr. Mitchell has put in his pleas to the indictment found against him for seditious articles in the United Irishman, The traverser has pleaded that he is not bound to answer the indictment, in consequence of the proceedings being irregular, by reason of one of the grand jury that found the bills being an aldermon of the city of Dublin, and disqualified under the munici- pal act, the other traverser having pleaded “ not guilty.” A national declaration, of which the following is a copy, is forthwith to be sent through the country for signatures We, the undersigned inhabitants of Ireland, believ- ing that the Legislative Union between Great Britain and Ireland has proved detrimental to the interests of all classes of Irishmen, hereby declare our solemn con- viction thatits continuance is agriovance, and that the permanent peace and prosperity of this country, and the rights of property therein, ean only be secured by an immediate repeal of that measuro, and the re-es- tablishment of an Irish legislature ; and we hereby in- dividually and collectively pledge ourselves to use our best exertions for the attainment of that object. Being also thoroughly convinced of the mischief of religions ascendancy, we pledge ourselves at all timos to oppose any infringement of the rights of conscience, or exclusion from igor power of any class of Irishmen on account of their religious faith. Samuel Ferguson, ‘Thomas Galway, 2 Colman M.O’Loghlen, R. D. Ireland, 4 A. R. Striteh, J.B. Dillon,” § A correspondent of the United Irishman states that he had @ conversation with the privates, non-commis- sioned officers and officers of the 48th regiment, when they all declared to him that in the event of an emeute taking place for the purpose of obtaining a redress of the intolerable grievances, they stated they knew that & great portion of the troops serving in Ireland would not fire on them, but at all events the men of the 48th would not do so, three-fourths of them being repealers: It is stated that in the proclaimed districts of Tippe- rary, that none ofthe arms were given up to the police, but are now safely hid ready for any emergency. In Limerick, the people are making the best use of their arms they can. 9000 men are nightly engaged in the pike exercise. A coffin a few days ago was brought in- to that city, and a woman weeping over it. When the journey was finished, the lid was removed. and not a body, but a plentiful supply of arms was taken out.— In Cork it is feared that all preparations for the ap- proaching struggle will be limited. ‘The police are now taking down the names of all the rifle-shooting practi- tioners of that city. The accounts received from other parts of the county are unanimous in saying that the people are preparing and practising their rifles where they have them. The Theatre Royal has opened for a brief season.— Miss Helen Faucett and Mr. Leigh Murray of the Ly- ceum Theatre, are engaged. On Monday they appeared in Romeo and Juliet; the performance elicted much praise. The house was densely crowded. The Curragh April meeting commenced on Tuesday, and never was better racing witnessed in the Currag! of Kildare, all the racing being contested with much spirit. The accounts from Waterford state that the potato crop isina forward state. and that agriculture is in general progressing in all parts of the county with the greatest rapidity, but owing to the wetness of the spring, the harvest will be delayed considerably. The annual show of black cattle, sheep. horses, poultry, and farm implements. was opened on Tuesday last, in the Dublin Society grounds. ‘There was a great number of yearling bulls, which, however, were not as good as those exhibitedin former years. The yearling heifer class was very numerous, and the judges said they never saw before any thing to equal them. Altogether, the stock exhibited gave great satisfaction. The accounts of the meetings in America have been received and read with the greatest avidity by all classes HF. A. Secretaries Our French Correspondence. Panis, April 19, 1848. Marshal Ney—The French People—Their Clubs— Emeute—English Press—Thiers—Barrot—Elections —Communism—The Females—Approaching Review. To-morrow, will take place the grand review of the two hundred thousand new National Guards, and twenty-five thousand Guards Mobile. The former are newly equipped and uniformed—all very elegantly, and even splendidly; while the latter are composed ex- clusively of * blouses,’ and their uniforms preserve their character. These are destined for service on the frontiers of France. Already, in squads of several thousands each, they have appeared upon the Champs Elysées and other public grounds in Paris, accom. panied by magnificent bands of music; and their movements prove how readily the French citizen can transform himself into the perfect and graceful soldier. ‘The Are Etoile is selected as the spot at which the vernment Provisional are to present to the different ions their reapective flags, and to address the troops. The Arc de Triumph 'Etoile is the proudest monu- ment of the kind in the world, It is worthy of the conception of Napoleon, who first planted the seeds of liberty in Europe—ploughed tho soil with his sword— watered it with the blood of France—the harvest of which is now beginning to be gathered in the triumph of the people over corrupt courts, and the establish. of free institutions, and the neration of man- |. It ix proper that tl oieing, should be d memorative of the which the world e ne of and glory produced, into the keeping of those who are selected to defend the principles of liberty throughout Europe, and to aid in maintaining the contest of freedom against despotism, now raging in the old world. 1 have already seen hundreds of thousands assembled in ,Paris—perhaps more than a million—-to witness the funeralfobsequies of the glorious dead; but from the extensive preparations, and the interest and glory of the occasion, there will be still the largest concourse of people ever assembled in Paris, to witness the imposing scenes of to-morrow, As if to add interest to a scene so exciting, agents paid by dynasties overthrown, attempting to divide the Provisional Government, and to bring the influence of some ambitious aspirants to act upon the masses, to overthrow their companions, an émeute was attempted on Sunday last, and in less than two hours more than two hundred thousand men were under arms, and in battle array; and to the enquiry of their G 1 © Will you sustain the Republic and the Governme there was such an begg stend response and action, t struck terror into the heart of every evil doer, wi made the most timid, nglish, feel that ali Republic would be and anil ermined they are to maintain order, tran- quillity, and a firm and liberal government. Am- Ditioua and corrupt men find no favor, and are crushed instinctively by the force of public opinion. The axe will not be raised in France; all the masses are against it. There are more than a hundred clubs in Paris; | and in all these clubs, this, among the thousand other questions, is publicly discussed in the presence of nasses of the French peopl thousands of ladies and gentlemen, as spectators; and | the sentiments of the noble-hearted Lamartine fin almost a unanimous respc The students and t blue frocks accomplished the revolution, and the latter constitute the ma ‘arisian popu- iberty;" they under- | stand that the two aro perfectly consistent: and they have formed themselves into a body of National | Guards, uniformed themselves, and do duty, from 10,000 to 20,000 daily, at their own expense, and without any | manner of pecuniary compensation; and they make Paris even much more safe than it wax under Lou’ Philippe. Theft has diminished nearly one-half, pared with former years, since the extabl nt of the Tepublic, Men appear to feel more self-respect. self-respect is appealed to, both by the governm and each other—and mon produce ® wonder upon each other by their discussions, and the pr correctives of friend to friend. The Sabbath is mu more respected than before; and there is a regeneration going on in the social as well as poultice! world, Com mui is publicly discussed in the clubs of day | expense. thors, ity pore fuily ~imty ths dis- a) well ay mea, smscatly, the females, of all eoatitivas, ace w 1 totally agsini’ ths doctems, wat’ pe pudiate its prin c + of a division of pro perty intesisted, amt its injustice aal bal eso: vedas forcibly and ai tenasioudy by ths mesias ia | Parisas in any c | have any knowled ¢ | were at the head of the Was @ unitod express | against thom —or th and children: Fa bas itt communists the flags, when the: heard the ad sir leaders, wastantly sont a delegation to the provisional government, to ae sure them of their assistancs, and immodiatel joined the guards in sustaining the government . and denouncing the movement. Lamartine respond_ ed in @ manner to excovl himself, and by his ad- mirable manuer restored confidence, and threw tho veil of oblivion over his colleagues, by assuring the people of the confidence he had in them, and asking the same confidence for them at their hands, [tis not supposed that more than one or two of his col- leagues favored the movement, which was directed against Lamartine himself and his influence. The ext morning, & proclamation appeared, signed by every momber of the governmont, assuring the people of their union, and asking for the same on the part of the latter, Ledru Rollin foresees that the National As- sembly will be against extreme measures, and probably \ittle under his influence ; and he seems to be uneas under the preponderating influence which the nobl sentiments and conduct of Lamartine inspired in the community, But [ think he will be quite satisfied now, to save himself, in which Lamartine has aided him to tho extent of his power, by throwing the veil of charity and oblivion over him, and not seeming to know, or to believe, that there was not the most perfect harmony of sentiment among all the members of the government. This movement has strengthened the government immensely, and given general assurance. Stocks rose at once among that timid class of citizens, and all felt that there was evidence not to be mistaken, that the republic was safe and strong, and quite capa- Ule of resisting both the intrigues the wrong of the overthrown dynasties in France, and the prejudi- cial intluences of the English presi nd the manifes- toes of the “ autocrat of all the Russias.’ The whole power of the English press lately, has been directed to Greate a panic in France, sow the seeds of discord and disaffection, and diminish confidence abroad in the re- public ; and, if possible, to produce a counter revolu- tion. For this purpose, the journals have not con- tonted themselves with distorting such assurances as may have had a tendency to disturb the public ; but they have been guilty of the most exaggerated repro- sentations, having no foundation except in the fright- ened or wicked brain of the authors. In witnessing the conduct of the English in France, I do not wonder at the contempt which is so universally feltin France for English cowardice. No sentiment is stronger or more universal here than this. Fright seems to have been the most contagious of diseases, and the prinel- pal part of them rushed out of Paris, as if they were fleeing for dear life; and Louis Philippe’s voyage in the fishing boat—his counterfeit of himself and his language—his using an interpreter to understand French, is scarcely less ludicrous, or more unworthy of his position, than the magnanimous and honorable bearing of the French people is conspicuous. The National Assembly will be chosen on the 23d and 24th, and without disorder or confusion. nen in France, of all classes and gra mous post, Beranger, begged hard to be excused, but in vain, the enthusiasm for him was too great. Lamar- tine will go into the assembly, and I think will be placed the thead of the new constitutional government. The friends of Thiers even struggled to make him a member. He has been so strongly in favor of a consti- tutional monarchy, that his recent conversion is re- gurded with suspicion. M. O. Barrot stumbled over the Couut de Paris and fell. Of all the Peers in Franee, two only were decidedly for the overthrow of Louis Philippe ; they Will be members of the assembly. The celebrated WAbbé Lacerdaise, the most eloquent preacher in France, who delivered the eulogy upon O'Connell, and M. Coquerill, also a very” distin- guished preacher, will be choson. Ungulshed men, very candidate must pars the ordeal of appearing before the clubs, and promptly answer- ing, extemporaneously, all the hundreds of questions that are formally put to him in writing by order of the club, and his answers are taken down in writing and published. ‘These questions embrace not only his per- vonal history, the history of his past opinions, but hia present opinions upon the subjects affecting the politi- cal, financial, and social condition of France, and what would bo his course in case the National Assem- bly should be attacked or its decrees resisted. dition, each member of the club has a right to qu him, and the collision of intellect and of wit, aud in- xenuity, is sometimes exceedingly interesting. All these questions are put and answered in the presence of thousands of both sexes, and he who has not a good deal of intellectual muscle, had better be quiet upon: occasions, for there is frequently as much danger to the author of the question as to the answerer. ‘Tho canvass for the candidates has been conducted in the most orderly and respectable manner. In no instance has any newspaper referred to the private character of any man, and very seldom referred to the opinions of any one unfavorably by name. The great canvass has been carried on face to face with the candidate, al- ways giving him a full opportunity to be heard with Except such dis- the most respectful attention. One of the nephews of } leon will represent Corsica, The son of Mar- shal Ney will be in the assembly; to the memory of whose father, the provisional government has a suitable monument to be erected. Thanks be to them for that just tribute of the respect of France, and censure of his murderers OBSERVER. Panis, April 21, 1848. The Grand Review. ‘The 20th was the day of days at Paris, Thero had been the 22d, with its agitated Chamber of Deputies, ite Municipal Guard, the thronged multitude, and its run- ning fight—the 23d, with its overthrow of Guizot, the impeachment of Ministers, its Regiments of the Line, its increasing multitude, and random discharge of mus- ketry, its barricades and processions—the 2th, with the masses crowding all the principal stroets and squares in the city, bloody, and with drawn swords, fixed bayonets, iron bars, clubs, and deadly weapons of overy description, breathing a just retribution against the murderers of their companions, the evening prece- ding, and erying “a bas le Roi ;”’ the same Ministry in vain attempting to abate the storm—the abdication and flight of the King and his household—the entry of the Duchess d’ Orleans and Compte de Paris into the Chamber of Deputies, the overthrow of that body by the armed multitude, the capture of tho Tuileries, the establishment of the Provisional Government, and the proclamation of the Republic—the 25th, given up to rejoicings and promenades, with its more than ten thousand barricades and hundreds of thousands of peo- ple filling the streets, the embrace of surviving friends and the congratulations of the assombled host, the m ing of the dead and wounded, and the weeping of their of thousands of mourners and followers—the 27th, the “Baptism of Liberty,” at the foot of the monument of July, 1830, with its 80,000 of National Guards, and two hundred thousand of citizens—the 4th of March, with its funeral pomp over the remains of the “glorious dead,” with one to two hundred thousand National Guards and citizens under arms, and its half million of spectators, its train of mourning carriages and chariots of flowers—the émeutes of the 17th of March and 16th of April, and the rally of the people to suppress them, in masses beyond computation or estimation, the hun- dreds of proc Hotel de Ville, filing off before the t, with their more than ten thousand ng the flag of every civilized nation, and its deputation of countrymen ring aloft its flowing folds ;—but it was reserved for h inst. to make the demonstration of all demon- f the power of Paris. | had anticipated » great fete, but was not prepared to see four hundred thousand men, soldiers, armed, equipped, and uni- formed, with their hundreds of bands of music, eover- ing many hundreds of acres of ground, and oceupying, in platoons from fifty to one hundred men abreast, ten miles of the broadest s nd avenues in Paris; be- sides more than ten miles more of columns moving in . preparing to march to the Bas- and rendezvous for assembling—on return the dre de Triumph de U Etoile, about five distant, where the mighty column filed off bofore the Provisional Government. ‘It is the largest army ever assembled at one place in France; and probably larger than any one army of the nine hundred thou- sand allies who entered France to overthrow one man | stood for a long time beside one of the Imperial Guard of Napol He told me that he had served thirty- the Freneh army, and had served through leon’s cat he went to Moscow course returned; he said Napoleon r seen in one body so large an army; but, said it would not be in this condition if Napoleon was alive—Napoleon would not want any Provisional Go- vernment.’’ He referred to the discipline of the troops and the abs entire uniform of all, which there has not been time to effect, without unnecessary He said “he had also served the last thirt years in the Hotel des Invalides,” the uniform of whiel he wore, and where waa yet seen a remnant of that he- the tour of Europe, and filled the nt and admiration, Before wit- Thad no just conception of the od by the presence, and of four hundred thousand. troops, ander with bayonets fixed. It required twelve hours for this army to pass one point, in platoons of such great width, In the former part of the day the pla- toons were not #0 wide; but for the last four hours, and for the last mile and a half, through the Champs Ely- sces to the Are de Triumph, the platoons were near one hundred men abreast, advancing, and with two re- turning columns, one on each side of the advancing column, of forty to fifty abreast; the advancing column filled, from side-walk to side-walk, that magnificent and most splendid promenade, of twelve rods wide, and the returning columns filled up the equally elegant but narrower side-walks, Trees of many years growth are extended on cach side of the princtpal promenade, the entire distance; and the two «ide- walks are bounded by a forest, set and trimmed with the finest taste—wires were extended from tree to tree, being filled with lights, about tem inches apart, in