The New York Herald Newspaper, March 20, 1848, Page 2

¢ Hoare bad entered upon the consideration of Mr, Hame'e motton Important from Ltaly. (From the Lemdon News, Febraary 21.1 Letters and journals have been received from various parte of Italy. efford’'rg detailed reports of much iate- Sp epost the pon hong of events in the different ‘States of the Peninsula; of rejoicinys and mutnel gre-/ the reforming seneliene of J exeeration in " sovereigns and subjects in States und a f psrrecution. m over W Lae sp in our telegraphic despatch on Saturday the neon Collisions between the peopls and is. Kurther and more accurate re ports since recelved. state that after the marsacres which took place iv the first days of ary, the stu- dents in general left the university, but returned by de grees about the end of the month They then adepted as arort of mourning the Calabrion black hat, with a leather band backied in frovt,and black feather. This proceeding was used as @ pretext of irritation om the We gore report of sancuinary the militery tu Par’ of @atinunl insult in the streets ecame) the objec By @ motusl without any retort. vated They becams, however, so tained no redress place with the usual music atten Austrian officers met it. beving cigars in their mouths A obild oried from the adjacent house, * Down with the ‘Thereupon the offloere drew their awords and fell upon the mourners and others following the hearse A great number of sol s rushed from the adjacent streets and united in the attackon the flying citizens ‘three of whom were left dead in the street,and @ great number more or less reverely wounded. ‘The following day the rector of the university laid a representation of the affair before the viceroy, in which remonstrance all the ecclesiastical authorities of the city united. Meanwhile the university was closed, the lectures suspended, and the city plupged in mourning ‘A somewhat different report of this transaction ap: pears in the Jeurnal des Deba/s, in which, of course, matters are put in a light much more favorable to A trian, According to this account there were no students Killed, and ovly two wounded. Several citizens, in- cluding an aged person of 70. are admitted aleo to have Deen wounded. (t is further affirmed thet on the 7th en Austrian officer was found mortally wounded by ® pistol and suotber with a poinard. Tt ia added thst the officer who gave the above provo- casion at the fonsral. was put under arrest,and that the soititary ‘actually at Pavia are 2,000 infantry and 170 cavalry Letters from Padua of the 8th g'va details of the en- counters there en the Austrian troops and the mammary of which reorived by ¢lectric telegraph in onr edition of Saturday. It appears that for me weeks pact the military bad been constantly pro- voking the students avd citizen: end the scandal caused by these provocations was auch. that the rector of the university repaired to Venice, in order to request that en end should be put to the arrogance of this en- raged militia He returned onthe 7th, and. haranguing the stuients, be informed them of the step he had tek- en, and cf the gracious arsurances he had received at Venice, when. on # suiden. the students were attacked, on their leaving the university, by a body of roldiers.— They defended themaelves ; the people took their part, ands bloody cocflict ensued. Meanwhile auother body of soldiers entered the fe Pedroeck!, and threatened the citiaens who were there with drawn sabres; but the Iatter armed themselves with the different objects which were at hand, aud made a most vigorous resi tance. T diers then fired. The result ofthis fuel lade can be easily corcsived ; a great umber of pertons were killed or mortally weunded. The tocain was rung ; the conflict apreed to eeverel parts of the town, end con: tinued forthree hours The pestantry on bearing the bell, bastened. in arms, to the different gates of thecity ; but found them all guarded by the artillery. Two cap- teins. four officers, and about a score of roldiers were killed on the spot. The losses on the side cf the inhabi- tants were still greater ; it is presumed more than one hundred persone e been kilied or wounded. At Como and Brescia similar scenes are reported to hhave taken place on the Letters from Milan are ecoounts of thi awurements, pub resuspended Society is paralysed. A defenosiers population are placed at the merey ot abody of foreign soldiery, unrestrained by any laws, and encoursged to outrage by their chiefs — Arbitrery arrests executed daily, pluoge the most dis tinguished families {2 mourning. ‘The evils of the reign of terror are reproduced with this eqgravation, that no possible remedy is apparent — ‘The Prives Pio Faloo bad t received en order to quit Lombardy with his family within eight days. Passports ‘were xeported to be prepared fer the Borromeo family, who were also to by ‘triated. Letters from Mantus report serions quarrels which broke out between the Austrians and the native soldiers. in consequence cf the expression of nations] sentiments on the part of the later. In one of these emeutes one Hungarian corporal was killed The soldiers have been ordered not to appear in the streets except in parties of three at least together, for mutual protection. This has not prevented renewed conflicts, end some of the regi- meuts were removed to another place ‘We learn that the Austrian go tataed thet considers bie pombe eigars |” under the differ emitted to the federal gover éclaring that the continustion of such will be regarded by the imperial government ceus belli The anticipations of our correspondent to the speedy establishment of a constitutional government in the S'stee of the Church, sre, it would appear, confitm ed. Weare sssur dthat the French government har Teceived despatches which leave no coubt of the inten- tion of Pius IX. to give a constitution to hie States not leas liberal than thone granted in Sardinia, Tuscany, and Naples It in stated that the dally cot of the Austrien army in Italy is 100000 florins. Bank notes being refused by Hers, the government of Vienna has been obliged to rend reoentiy to Milen nearly six millions of florius in silver for the pay of the troops The new Sardinian eonstitut'onal ministry is compo- fed se follows: Foreign Affairs Alfieri da Sastegno ; Home Department, Adv wannetti; Public Inetruc tion, Buoncompagui; War Gen Fransini; Public Works and Commerce, Count Cavour; Grace and Justice Sclopis Advices from Rome of the 10th. state that Count Pietro Ferretti het just left that city for Naples, where, it ie apposed, he may be usefol in an arrangement between ‘aples aud Sicily. if, es expected, (he Pops should off bis mediation. Oo tbe pree-ding day a council of mix int had been held at Rome, w the following mea- sures were rect ended tothe P To Girect nil the troops of the line upon Romagna; to givs publicity to the ects of the Cousclta; to invest that body in some cases, with a deliberative vote; and to conclade imme. Giately @ political lesgue with Tuscany and Piadmont. Tho official journal of Venice anro the conele- sion of w treaty of alllanoe. effenstve and defensive, be tween the imperial covernment of Austria and the lit- tle Duchy of Modena The idea of Modena defended ing Austria from the sttacte of foreizn powers in ru premely absurd Of course this treaty ies mere pre textto enable Austria to occup pality to the Lombardo- dy announced the intellicence reeeived by telegraph. thet the Grand Duke of Turoavy had granted to bis duchy s representative constitution, { harmony wih the inetitutions « ing ap iu the Stater of italy, with which he is surrounded ie th» proclamatioa by which his royal highnens has rig- nified this meuenre to his eu’ ta: — “By our motu proprio of the Sist of Janusry lest, we made known our intention of endowing the country en- to our care, with a national representation which. while it rat athe public desire and the ne- coneities of the ti should pres-rve to the T'usean fa- mily, that poli administrative principle to which it is indebred f r ite prosperity, and which should recure toitthore guarantees necessary to insures its future happiness “This thovght bad already been conesived by our {m- mortal grandfather Circumetavors bave, til the pre sent time, prevented bis projects from being put into execution; but we feel happy to recell to the minds of Our people, @ recollection ro glorious for Tt in eleo with heartfelt satisfaction, that we s-e o to eudow our couutry with this national representation, which was slresdy the subject of our siudy.and of all our former pre oooupstions T'nseans your trust in me thal! not certeinly be deceived. At this solemn mo- ment, when I feel my love for you ineresse, do not allow yourselves to be led a ythe suggestions of impa- tience —wait «few deys longer in peaee, and thos fect litate the scvompl'shment cf those prejecta which are | cipated such a free trade budget as that which had been to recure your future destioies. Iintend to bestow up ‘op you thos liber-ies which you are perfectly prepared to receive, and which you have 6o weil dererved by your cond You this day give me the glory of be uthor of an essentially Tuscan inatitetion! psrfest conformity with Lin Italy.—Given at Fiorence, Feb 11. —Leorore The Pope's Proclamation to Cwo Hundred Milltcns of Catholics, The following proclemation of the Pope wos published at Reme on the i¢ “Piva PP. IX years hes receive faith te not deaf to you: never crane to meiditete with most usefivly, our duties to the church, those eivil ive oh we establiched, not forced by necessity, but from the derire for toe happiness of our people and the esteem we feit for their noble quali ties, We aleo turned cur thoughts to the reorganization cf the army, before even public opinion demanded jt and we have sought the mesve of obtaining the service Cf foreic a offloers to aid those who rably serve the Powtifical government, The better to exten of those who ovn bring their te besr upon public reforms, we inereuse the alee] part of Our Counc! the unsefmous will of the princes to whom Ituly ower the reforms, is ® gusrenty of the preservation of thore received with #0 much gretitude and arriau we cultivate it by maintaining and consolidating th: ble relations with them. Nothing,'m abort y be conducive to the tranquillity nnd the aig Bity of the State will ever be peglected, O, Romans Fontifionl rubjects, by your father and sovereign, whc Das ¢ of bis affection for if he be worthy te the course of two y proofs of love and to your fara We iv -& how to develope re inspire your hearts anc he pacific mal spirit of bin wir « to resist, b d. all disorder 4s contrary t and t for & war tow Clared sgeinet us Over itwy 80 lovg wld meer, by u at da eo impend bumd cf gratitude aud coutu: nee | hist! 2 deepotion | of the police and the military, aud the students agreement these outrages were borne aggra- d glaring, that the beads of the university re- monatrated against them with the suthorities, Lut ob- Oa the Sth a military funeral took ‘The was day a funeral of & merokant, a member of a musical society, took place, ‘And wan, according to usage, to be attended by music. This the authorities interdicted. The coriég? was only Jed by a proosssion of mourners and friends Some Modena with her troops | elves about | | rived from labor and the exeroine of intellect corrupted. by violence, unites the strength of the pac- with the th of princes, with the eacredness of But we principsily—we, the head and sovereiga Pontiff of the most Holy Catholic religion, should we not have in our defence, if we were unjustly attacked, inn merabie sons whe would defend the centre of Catholl unity lise the house of their father? It is, indeed a great bleesing emong the many which Heaven hnth im- parted to Italy, that soaroe 3.000.009 of our subjects have 200 000,000 ct brothers of every nation snd of every tongue ‘This waa ie more dangerous times, and in the contusion ot the whol .oman world, the safeguard of Rome. It's for thie the ruin of Italy waa never com- plete. This will ever be her de! thi Apostolic See shall resid: in ber t God, shower thy blessings on italy, and reser ‘or her tuis most precious boon of all, faith! Bieas he with the benediction that Thy vioar prostrated before Thee humbly demandeth! Bless her with the benedic- tion that ths saints to whom she gave birth, the Queen of Saints, who protects ber; the Apostles, whose glorious relics she preserves; thy Incarnate Sov, who sent His representative upon earth to reside in this sime Rome, ask of Thee!’ The Financial Condition of Great Br,tain—In- crease of Taxes, In the House of Commons, on the 13th ult. Lord John Ruseell made his financial statement for the year in atone of voice so depresssd, as compared with his usual confilent style of speaking, that we had conside: able diftoulty in catching his m-anieg. He that he could very inadequately lay befor outline of tbe financial policy of the goverament, and he, therefore, intended to leave toa future discussion the greater portion cf the argumentein support of that policy. The noble lord then a luded to the recent diffl culties through which the country had paesed, stated the enormous transitions which had taken place in the value of commodities and in the rate of discounts with- in the last eighteen months, and also drew attention to the amount of bullion in the bank at the periods correrponding with each transition, in order to show the reverity of the prersure upon the mercantile community, and the inevitabls covsequence to the revenue, which had also materially suffered, owi.g to the decroase of our manvfacturing prosperity, and to the consequent decreass in ‘he coosumption of excisable commodities. wing tothe commercial vicissitudes in April, and ogainin October, the wreatest houses, if th had not bre vcompetied to give way had, at all event sue Sered the preatest los: and this misfortune, in conjunc. tion with the fanine in Ireland had been seriously det mentolio he revenue, Ip fact, the balance sheet of this year showed an excess of expenditure over income of more than £2,600.000; of whieh, however, £1,600 000 was for relirf ia Irelaad. The estimates of last year were £52 650000. For this year he estlicated, from the ordinary sourors of revenue, only £51 250 000, leaving a asticiency which, with the increas-d expenditure for the navy and the Kaffir war. would amouat to £2 411,000 He feltit his duty to lay this state of things before the House, in order that honorable members might have sufficient time to take the whole matter into oon- sideration before they came to the consideration of the estimates. There were various courses open to them to pursue to meet this deficiency; but sil he proposed to do on that occasion was to atate the course which seemed to the government the ore most advisuble to be submitted to the consideration of the house, when deciding whether that course or any other should be acted upon. One great question they must decide upon F ther they must supply the defiriene cy he had Tad before them by tazation, or they must come to the reso ution of making g,eut reductions sn their military esiabsishne 's Some extreme opinions hud recently been put forth respecting the defences ot the country. On the one hand ic was said that we were defencelees against foreign incursion, while, on the other hand, it was muintaived that our establishments were on too high ascale of expenditure. In considering this question he would at on that there was nothing inour would lead us to fear a ruptu: of the existing pee No one was mor rerged than himself with the benefits of preserving pt , and more partionlarly with Franee, and nothing could be further from the thoughts of the Duke of Wellington, than hint- ing at the possibility of war. Indeed, he knew it gave the illustrious duke great pain to fiud that publicity was given to opinions which he bad expressed ia confidence The noble dak in the habit of communicating his views to the gor ment asto the state of our national defences; but as nothing could be more pure than his pa- triotiem, he was not gratified to find publicity given to his views, the object of which was to maintain the inde- pendence of this country as @ gueranty for the safet: of others. He stated thus much, partly because he dif- fered from the noble dukeon some points, and partly bs- cause he felt it tobe no more than justice to one who, however wronged, always scorned to defend himeelf. The noble lord then proceeded to state all that had been done in the way of increasing our establishmente since the year 1835. in order to show that neither the govern- mevt nor Parliament Lad been negligent. The li vernment had orgavised the old pensioners to the ber of 50,000 men, at ali times available. and to these, they had the dockyard/battalion ausrd, to which were attached a supplemental foree of 6000 men. In sadition to all these, the regular force cf the country, amouating to 65,000 men in this country, would be increased to 60,000, by the return ¢f some regiments from ladia. The ques:ion then arore a8 to whether they should make s great reduction in this toree, or largely increase it, or continue it, adding to its present strength from time to time, as they had hitherto done, and as ocossion might require, aud be satisfied with those additions. The view of the government was, that this great country, with ite extensive colonies,and exponed to ths possibility of war, would pot act wisely in Reduoing the expecditure o} country within limit of its tincome Oa ths other hand, he oould fee no reason for eny fudden xrmement ofany kind, because at the present toment the mation was in a fit state of di tenes, and ia position caloulated to guaranty the cor tisuance of peace. The nobie lord then entered into a statement cf our navel strength, particularly io rtexm, aud remarked that, although the adoption of steam na- vigation gave greater facilities for the imvasion of this country, it alao gave to this country greater advantages in watching the ports of its enemies, [He did not pro- pose avy increase to the number of the army, but tn the sappers aod wiuers an increase would take piace, the re- rult of which, including stores, &>., would swell the eati- mate by the sum of £358 000 He proposed also to bring n @ bill to embody the militia, or rather to lay a foua- ‘stioa for an efficient militus, the expense of which would be £109,000. In addition to the usual sources of was a eum of £1,100.00 for the Kafiir together, he would not estima: penditere of /he coming year at lees than £54 295,000. it was evident. therefore, that if the government was ight in its view of the impolicy of reducing largely the -stablisbments of the couniry, they must not only renew the income tex, but they mutt alio resort to addl- tional taxation to make up the deficiency of income to meet the expenditure Any attempt to raise revenue by re-imposing the taxes taken off articles f consumption would be ia his opinion very unwise. Che government. therefore, rroposed to renew the pre- jacome tex for a period of firs years from next and in addition that the tax should be raised tor a verfod of two years trom 7d in the pound to 12d, or from 3 to 6 per cent. Considering the distress which ad recently prevailed in Ireland, he did pot proposs to end the tax tothatccountry, He did not think this arjust to England, for if Ireland were crushed by of taxation the resuit to Eogland would be most equally deplorable. He proposed the tax should oo imposed inthe same manner as it had been in past years, aydon the same principles which governed its NEW YORK HERALD. North-west Corner of Fulton and Nassau sts. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR. DAILY HERALD—Ev. Pas included ) coer amed sa amen are. Subseribere in South-America andthe Weat Indian Islands will receive their papers by every vessel from this port. WEEKLY HERALD—Ew Saturday—6% cents per feo st od 1246 per annum—in the United States. Eu. ropean vgribera, $6 per to include Aa edition (in the ft any, por from all parts of the American c ! fond Ciewrotons ont saveritgements, Posies, . Galignant. rue Pivienne, Paris; PL. Simonds, In Cornhill, and John Miller, bookseller, Henrietta street, London. PRESIDENTIAL, HERALD—Every Tuesday One PUBVERTISEMENTS. (renewed ing) at ed eve hijad scaronable prices; to be written tm a plain, legible manner. "Phe proprictor not reaponsible fer errors in manuscript. PRINTING of all kin ‘and with despatch. Orders received at the Publication e, COT nerof Fulton and Negsau streets : “ALL LETTERS by mail, for subscriptions, o with advertisements, to be post paid, or the postage will be de ducted from the money remitted VOLUNTARY CORRESPONDENCE, containing i any quarter of theworld-= ia for. sap 5 jatever insertion must be authe ti ; "4 by the rad ors sieve ot peered publication. but as a guar Wedannot undertakete return rejected cammunicati ALL PAYMENTS to be made in advance. \USEMENTS THIS EVENING. BOWERY: THEATER, Bowery.—Wuitenor—Jaco- BITE. CHATHAM THEATRE, Chatham atreet.—OTHELLO— Younc Amgrnica—Youso Scamr. OWERY AMPHITHEATRE, Bowery— om, Gymnastics, Pantomime, &ec. MECHANICS’ HALL, Broadway, near Bi ys pe rans Sinaina—BuRLesque 1NG, &e. PANORAMA HALL, Broadway, ne: Banvanp’s Panonaata oF TF.F Mi HROADWAY ODEON, Broadway.—Mopet Aatists. CONCERT ROOM, Broadway.—Mopet AatisTs. CONVENTION HALL —Sasce Baotnens, Ernrorian Sinaino, Prayino, ke. PALMO’S OPERA HOUSE, Chambers street—Mopr. ARtists. CHRIS? Danc- Houston street — New York, Monday, March 20, 1848. 18, Saturday .. 18, bes Ext 18, Weekly... Aggregate issue last woek. .... Aggregate issue week before. .. Increase in one week.. March 19, Sunday. Average of Daily, Sunday, Weekiy, &e pedals 28 m. past 3 o'elook. n. Publication commenced “ia finished at 8 The New Revolution in France—The Position of the United States, The new revolution in France, the flight of Louis Philippe, and the establishment of a re- public, are on every tongue and palpitating in every bosom of this great metropolis. The ex- citement during the last two days has beea most tremendous, and the public feeling has expressed itself in every possible way—celebrations, the hanging out of flags, speeches and congratula- tions of all kinds, have occupied the people for the last forty hours. The same feelings will no doubt spread throughout the whole of this vast republic, from one end tothe other. Butafter the first outburst of wonder and astonishment shall have passed away, the mind will gradually re- cover its sobriety, and inquire what is to be the next step in the great popular movement in France, which io now before the civilized world? How will Europe and America stand towards each other hereafter? The revolution in France is yet, im some mea- sure, a mystery—an enigma. It is difficult to understand a popular movement, which has ap- parently been brought about by minute causes, but which, when examined to the bottom, ap- pears to be as natural a result as that of day fol- lowing the rising of the sun The recent revolution in Paris, and the flight of Louis Philippe, are only parts of the same great intellectual movement of the human mind which has been agitating Europe for half a ceu- tury past, and the eeeds of which were planted by the revolution which in 1776 severed the thir- teen colonies of this country from Great Britain. The mechanical, physical, and intellectual im- provements of the last quarter of a century, have only operated for the furthegance ana rapid maturity of this great movenpent in France. In Paris, the newspaper press is the exponent ot popular feeling, and of the popular impulses. Journalism has brought about the the recentevent. It ia really and truly a newapa- perrevolution. The press in lgris is compara- tively free, except as regarded the royal family, and has been free under the recent dynasty of application in the days of Pitt and Grenville, There wat one tax which it wis proposed to repeal—a tax on | copper ora, which had been imposed in 1542 ‘Thut tax hau done much injury to the smelters, and bad been of no benefit to tae owners of copper mines, sud as it pro- juced only £41,000, it was thought advisable to propose ite abolition. Ihe total income, including the increased jiacome tax, would be, according to hie ertimate, £54760 000, while the expenditure would be £54 637 000, leaving a surpius of £112,000 (A isugh). ‘The noble lord concluded by moving @ series of resolutions, in accord. auce with his spesch, and intimated that on Monday week he would again move for acommittee of ways and meane in order to take the sense of the house upon them. Mr. Hume said he never beard a statement in that House with more pain than he experienced while listen- | ing to the noble lord. So far from being @ stp towards securing the peace of the eount:y, he believed the course proposed was one the most likely of ali oihers to lead us into war. Mr. Baxxes objected to the propored increase in the navy, contending that if the force in the Tegua had been properly distributed, there would be no occasion for any tuch procedure, He also strongly objected to the in- come tax proposed by the nobie lord. Mr. B Osponne thoug most unfortunate proposi brovght forward, and said that if there had been a com- pact opposition ready to take the piaces of the present government, they would not have dared to have brougut it forward The Marquis of Gnaxpy said he could not have anti- placed before them. It eppesred that the noble lord bad iitte confidence in bis free trade measures, when he could propose to inflict the income tax on the country for such a lengthened period. Sir B, Havt beard with great pain the snnouncemen?, made by the noble lord, and thought the prasent pertod of pauperism was not the time for increasing the expen- ditvre of the country. The noble lord proposed the re- duction of the tax on copper ore, for which no one cared | any thing; but the worst feature in the whele propori- tion was the temporary imposition of mn increased in- come iax—for whatever government might come inte, power, they would be sure to continue it. He thot they ought to tex ac! ual property insteed of income erat de- Ho vould support avy proporition for extending the tax to ireland Mr. Roninson eaid the condition of the cotintry was worse then it had been for the Inst thirty-three years, | and this be entirely attributed to our d¢parturé from the pricciples of protection. He could not agree in the propriety of inflicting ® taxon an imcomecf £160 in this country, when real property in Ireland ed, and when the landed proprietor was froth the payment Of asseerred taxee. eid that, after twenty years’ ex- sed to be surprised at nay species of ty coming from the treasury bench; e condemning the statement of the nobis lord, itexcited no aetonishment in his mind Mr. F Banine condemned the income-tax, as most un- equal in its operation. Mr. D'isnanct referred to the promises made when firs the income tex was resorted to, and aid, that in- stead of finding it a temporary tax, in accordance with those pr it was now tobe made not only perpet- ual, but y increased in amount. ® contended, that instead of cy sould reduce theit expen mn 18305. _ The Citancetton of the Exchequer defended the por licy of the governm Sir R.H. Ivavte said that the monry was requisite, | ying an in. ire to what and ho must tuere ‘ore create @ novelty in the devate by rupporting the proporition of the government. In com- nittwe, however, he would impress upon the goveroment hen acily of allowing the ficst £150 of all incomes to go untaxed, After a few observations feom Mr, M. Minwas, Mr, nignt and ir Newowaare, Lord Pataensron deciaced bis desire for preserring | aoif> retations witu foreign powers, but thonght the | rt cerimin way of doing 8° was to have such a military | shinent a# would cause this cown(ry to be re- The ( Matamanthen reported progres, and obteined | gl weave to mit again. ‘The house then adjourned. Louis Philippe. There was @ law prohibiting any disrespectful allusion to the King and royal family; but the ingenuity of writers easily got around it, by denouncing tlie general system of government, without reference to individuals.— The ministers were open to all attacks. The newspaper press, the electric telegraph, steam, as applied to navigation and locomotive travel- ling, are all uniting in France and England to produce that great change which must come over Europe, and transform a dozen monarchies into a dozen republics. The corruption and folly of Louis Philippe and his government, have only hastened that event, which was as certain as the rising’ and setting of the sun, whenever the fruit was ripe and ready to fall. It has fallen, and here it is. The great enquiry now willbe, the effect of this revolution, by establishing a republic in France, on the existiy.g monarchies in Europe, and particularly on Gtveat Britain and the United States. France is powerful'ly organised asa military and ne‘val nation, at thismoment. The masses of the, people, throughoet all Europe, sympathise with the people of Paris. The disposition and intentions of the various monarchies in Europe can be easily ascertained and predicted. Ex- treme hostility to republicanism, and to France as a republic, isthe only sentiment that can be indulged in by the sovereigas and their courts. With such feelings, they would hasten at once into the field, ard organise a most terrible and destructive cam,aign against France; but there is one consideration that may operate to paralyse them in commencing such a work of blood, and that is, the infection and spread of popular senti- ments among their own people, within their own limits. At all events, the mo,\archical powers of | Europe will endeavor in some way to act against the spread of French \'epublicanism; and we may look, therefore, for a general war throughout the Continent in a sivort time, epring- ing up from trivial causes, but based on the great events of the day, and briaging about that great and final contest between che friends of popular rights and the supporters of monarchy and despotism. Ja this contest the British go- vernment is at once placed in a very difficult position. England has a monarehy, but it is based on comparatively popular :ind democratic institutions. misery and destitution, and hardly: able to strug- fore, stands in a difficult position ; a position in which she is getting more and amore into debt and embarrassment the longer s be remains un- | der her present form of government and social titutlons. t that there will be a demo nstration made against France, and an endeavog by the other She is covered witir di bt, is full of along with a peoceestablishment. She, there- | canisim, we deem to be almost certain. In sueh a position of things, what attitude will be taken by the United States, the “ model republic,” which is now imitated in Europe, and which has established its power and independence, al- most equal to the greatest nation of the old world ? During the old wars growing out of the French revolution, the policy of the United States was to keep aloof from all European entanglements, and to maintain a neutral position during the greasfight between liberty and despotism. This was good policy for that age of the United States, because this country was then poor, thinly po- pulated, and incapable of making either a great physical or moral demonstration. The case is now changed with this vast country—united, animated, powerful, belligerent and rich. We are nearly twenty-five millions of people, with wealth, capacity and intelligence sufficient te enable us to cope with fifty millions of the old world. The war with Mexico has just termina- ted most brilliantly anddecisively. A treaty of peace has been made with that republic, and the American army, according to all appearances, will soon be returning to their own country. We possess one of the highest characters in the world, at this moment, for our military advan- tages, our military pgwer, and our military ca- pacity. During the recent war with Mexico, our naval energies were -in abeyance ; but we have the best reason for believing that the naval capacity of thiscourtry is equal to our military capacity ; and this is an arm of our power which may be wielded with immense effect in the coming contest between the new repubiic of France, and the old despotisms of Europe. By a devolopement and enlargement of our naval elements, and the increase of our steam navy, and the full equipment of our fleets, we can prevent, in some degree, that great coalition of the despotic and monarchical powers of Eu- rope from overwhelmning the French republic, as they attempted at the close of the last centu- ty. If England should interfere with the free action of the French people, let it be the policy of the United States to take sides with the new republic in Europe, and to assume such a posi- tion as will make the intentions of the Ameri- can people respected, even by England. Perhaps the moment is nearer than we anticipate, when Canada, Cuba, and all the West Indies, will fall into ruin, or fall into our hands. Who can tell what the effect of the great movement in Paris will be, within the limits of England, Ireland or Scotland, in less than six months? Whocan stop the revolutionary spirit of the age? With this position of things, and with these views, we trust that Congress will at once finish up the Mexican war, and direct their attention to the iraportance of our relations with France and the French people, and with the other coun- tries in Europe. There ought to be at once, ten, or twelve, or twenty large steamers built under the action of the American government, to be used as packet ships, but to be ready at any moment to be called into action in case of difficulty with Eng- land on account of the new French revolution Let Congress, therefore, quit the exhausted topic of our Mexican affairs, and turn their at- tention to anew field—a wider field of enter- prize—a greater movement than any which has yet taken place in the world, and one which may involve all Europe ina terrible and awful war tor the next half century. If the United States take a proper position, and display sufficiently her moral and physical power in this matter, the progress of liberty in Europe may be aided be- yond what the mind can contemplate at this moment. Wake np, Congress ! Mr. Wauster’s Spgecn on TuE Tsn ReGiaent Diut.—Mr. Webster’s speech on the ten regi- ment bill willbe found inour columns to-day. It is brief and to the purpose, containing some strong points, and endeavoring to excuse him- self for opposing the ratification of the treaty with Mexico. The effect of the speech, however, on the Senate, is best indicated by the passage of the bill immediately after the delivery of his sentiment, or soon after, by a large majority: Mr. Webster seems to be extremely anxious to explain his position in relation to the treaty with Mexico—a position unexpected and extraordina- ry: His explanations seem to be very unsatisfac- tory and very insufficient, coming from such a great and able man. We rather euppose that Mr. Webster was disappointed as regards the vote on that treaty, and did not mean to be caught in the minority, as he has been, on its final de- cision. : In another point of view Mr. Webster’s speech is more satisfactory, and this is in reference to the contributions made in Mexico, under the sin- gle authority of the executive. On this point he has been preceded by Mr. Calhoun; but he unites with him in denouncing this act of Mr Polk as unconstitutional in the highest degree. It certainly seems to be rather equivocal that the President of the United States has power beyond what is conferred on him expressly by the constitution, or by law of Congress. We do not think the position assumed by his friends is tenable, that the President has a war power, similar to that of European monarchs in rela- tion to conquered territory. At least we think it is very doubtful; and in this state of doubt, the sooner the case is examined and settled the bet- ter. His conduct in making those contributions is denounced as unconstitutional—if this can be sustained, the President is liable to be im- peached. If Mr. Webster or Mr. Calhoun, or their friends, believe that he acted unconstitu- tionally, they ought by all means bring forward articles of impeachment, and determine the question. There certainly are strong grounds for beleiving that he went beyond his power; and if so, there are equal grounds to bring ina bill of impeachment against him, ina friendly manner, so as to decide the matter legally; tor there is no doubt that he acted conscientiously. What is the unwritten power under the consti- tution and laws of the republic? Let us know. INDEPENDENCE OF IRELAND.—A public meeting has been called of the friends of Ireland, to meet to-morrow evening at the Shakspeare Hotel, to take measures for the establishment of the inde- pendence of Ireland. This is all wrong. Irish- men in this country should act as Americans—in favor of human liberty all over the world—not for one small island, or any people in particular. The glorious revolution in France is too impor- tant acrisis in human affairs for the American people to act hastily or indiscreetly It any ac- tion is taken, 1t should be by the government of the United States, supported by all parties and every State—such action as will tell in Europe. Clty Intelligence, Democratic Nominations —The democrats of tho Eighth ward made their nominations for ward officers, on Friday night. William J. McDermott, was chosen as their candidate for Alderman, and Robert Gott; their candidate for Assistant Alderman. The demcorats ofthe Thirteenth ward, on Friday night, nominated Thomon K. Downing, as their candidate for Aldermsr, and William W. Fream, for Assistant Aldermen. In the Ninth ward, Charies P Brown has been nominated by the demoorate for Alderman, and Lewis Bradford, a8 Assistant Alderman, without regard to old bunkeriem, barnburning, or ary other of the isms; and it is said the fooling is decidedly in favor of General Taylor for the Fresideney in that section, thereby hoping to gain the | ucoersion, Vice Presidency, Cabinet, &o Panty Moyemenrs.—To-day has been fixed upon by ority of the wards in the city, for holding the pri- ‘elections, in the democratic party. In several of trong contentions as to who shall | many having expressed their de. } termination to rtand upto the rack, fodder or no fod- der, From the reigns of the times (here will be some rare port, and, iu wil probabili'y, before the proceedings of the day ate over, black ey-s and bloody noses will bi abucdant. The whigs will alo bold their prim elections during a ioe ol ~ fe ny oie | equal, if not greater, thao that in the o party There pent in both partie, to. be Imdefatigable as- pirauts for the tes room. TELEGRAPHIC INTELLIGENCE, ees — : == Tae Commision to Mexico. Wasuinaton, March 19. Mr. Clifford, the Attorney General, whose con- firmation by the Senate has been previously no- ticed, left for Mexico in the southern boat this morning, accompanied by Secretary J. Walsh.— Commissioner Sevier continues to improve in health, and will foilow his coll: ague on Tuesday or Wednesda: aaa Effect of the European News Baltimore, BaLtimorg, March 19, 1848. The receipt of the news from. Europe has caused tremendous excitement in this city. Stocks declined yesterday, and business circles wore the aspect of gloom Fire In Washington. Wasutnaron, March 19—9 P. M. A large fire has just occurred. Afers’ large rocery, in Northern Liberties, has been entire- fy destroyed. The origin of the fire is unknown. The building was partially insured. Markets, Batrimone, March 18 —The stcamer’s n was duly received by telegraph,and has atendency to unrettlo the market for breadstuffr, The transactions were confined t> some small lots of flour and wheat, without material change in prices, Provisions wire inactive, and droop: ing under the influence of the Cambria’s advices. Tux French RevoLution—A Previcrion Ve- R'F1ED.—On the arrival of the Bzitannia steamer, at the commencement of this month, and accom- panying the news by that conveyance, we pub- lished, on the 6th instant, the following re- marks :— [From the Now York Herald, Maroh 6 ] The movements in Chamber of Deputies, and the feeling of the journals and the popula taken. It appears that a series of political banquets, held by the opposition members and their friends throughout France, have increased and concentrated political feeling so much against the government, as to demand from the ministers some decided action. A de- bate accordingly took place in the Chamber of Deputies. of @ most exciting character; at the termination of which the ministers deolared their intention of putting down those banquets, as being contrary to law. On the other hend, the opposition members have put forth their declaratios to attend them,and to take measures to support them at all hazards, or secede from the Cham- ber. The first conflict: will produce acrisis in Paris, and probably throughout France. This popular movement, growing out of the reform banquets in France, ressmbles in some respects the pre- monitory symptoms of the revolution of 1830. The Bourbon dynasty became very restlers and uneasy un- der the freedom of the press, They published ordinan- ces repressing that freedom; and on the back of that, two hundred and twenty.one members of the Chamb«r of Deputies organized what may be called a secession from their seats in the house. This lighted the train which produced the revolution of that day. The steps and symptoms of the present crisis are 80: The ministers declaré that the reform bai gal, and that they mean to putthem down by force—the opposition members equally declare that they will attend them, and, if force in used to put them do’ ey will secede from the Chamber, and throw themselves on the country for support. This will bring on another crisis in Paris, and no one can tell what may grow out of it — The whole Paris press. with the exception of the Jour- nal des Debats and the Cunservateur, are, we believe, ed against the present dynasty or the present govern ment. Popular sdtbations ins Varia heated taentecher fer the last twenty years. Recent events in Switzerland. Na- ples, and in the Roman States, and other portions of Eu- rope, have only added fuel to the fire of revolution, which has been increasing gradually for the last few OATS zy Such is the present position of Paris. France, and the Continent. The next news, therefore, will be extremely important. If the French mivisters put down these re- form banquets by ferce. and the opposition members aban- don their seats in the Chamber of Deputies, nothing would reem to prevent sn attempt at revolution in Paris, and throughout the Departments. The King and the govern- ment have, however, got three hundred thousand troops under their command; fifty thousand of whom ai cons'antly station<d in Paris and that neighborhood. If thetroops are faithful, they mcy sustain the government for awhile ; but the extraordinary force of the newspaper press,and popular agitrtion produced by the steps of the government. may reach the materiale of the army n that shall have been accomplished, all will be over with the present dynasty. ‘We wait, therefore, with extreme impatience for the vext news, which may bring accounts of arevolution in Paris and France. In addition to these remarks predicting the events which have since taken place, we added on the 10th of the same month, the following ob- servations :— [From the New York Herald, March 10 ] There ia no government in Europe which bas a flnsn- celal power and oapacivy, in any point of view, to bscom- pared with the United States othschilds have known this fora long time, and n0 doubt, now that the jos is broken, they will soon ba involved in American stocks and securities, to as great an extent. and more, perhaps, than with avy other government in Europe. ‘There is more stability, more prospect of stability, with us, than with any of the goveroments of Western Europe, In fact, it may be said that the worth of «ll the stocks of allthe governments of Europe depends upon the loyalty of fifty or sixty thousand troops asrem- bled about Paris. At the last accounts there were strong rymptoms of disaffection, approaching to a revo- ‘ution: émeute,at Paris. The citizens of that great city, and the people throughout France, are opposed to the present dynasty; and the onlw reliance which can be placed upon the continuance of peace in Europe—on which the value of all government stocks depenta—is derived solely from the troops which are around Paris If these should fraterntze with the people in any popular movement which might break out—as the royal tronps did inthe revolution in 1830, and as the Neapolitan troops have dove lately at Palermo in Sicily—there will be a general revolution throughout France. which will extend tothe States of Germany, and throughout Europe. en oy he become of the stocks? They will vanish into thin air! We give these extracts of our former articles, contained in this journal, in order to show our readers, that though the recent revolution in Paris has astonished everybody, there was every reason to expect it; and that every one who had studied the character and politics of the French nation would have come to the same conclusion which we did. This revolution is the beginning of a new era in the history of civilation, throughout the whole civilized world. The interest which will be taken in French affairs will be astonishing and tremendous. On this subject we believe we shall be able to give in the columns of the New York Herald, more accurate intelligence and more comprehensive views and information than any other journal inthe country. During our recent residence in Paris, and travel in Eu- rope, for almost two years, we made it our bu: ness to gather all eorts of information in relation to French and European affairs in general. We brought with us from Paris to this side of the water every new book, and a great deal of manu- script information, upon the condition of Pa- ris, France and Europe. In fact, during our stay in Paris last year, we saw this revolution germi- nating; we saw the French taste for novels and light reading passipg away; and that nothing but politics, and books bearing upon the polities of the day, and descriptive of political events pass- ing in Europe,would be read by the people at all. We are now inthe midst of it. We have es- tablished the most valuable end interesting cor- respondence in Paris and all parts of Europe, and shall probably be able to give fuller, clearer, and more comprehensive details upon the great events transpiring in the Old World, than any other journal in the United States. queta Police Intelligenc Charge of False Pre ences Officer police, rrrested yesterday Samuel J. Froper, 'o by Justice Osborne, whereia he stands | $205 from John B. Bi y for the money Proper gave his creck, dated three days head, drawn oa the Diy Dock Bank, for $220 to Barat, and represented at ihe same time that he kept ao acconnt that bank; and ns a farther seenity he de sited a promissory note, drawn by PG. Sharp, dated October 30th, 1617, for the sum of $565 71, made para- bie at3 mouths after date; this note was represeuted to be good, when it was subsequently ascertained to bs worthless: and on applying at the bank, M. Mr Proper had no faw the bank, nordidhe e 1 ry ‘Therel upoa these representations a d yesterday Mr. Proper wee arrested et et, near Lexingtoa avenue, aad held ia $500. 10 answer the charge at court. ge of Forgery —Uflicers Lown ond Baird, of the 3d ward, arrested yesterday 4 man by the name of Samuel Sead der, ona by Jusnice Drinker, whereia ne stands charged oa the complaint of Mr Sherman’ Day, president of the Farmers’ Bank, at Catskill, Green county, that on the 2ith of November. 1646, he forged the nimes of Smith aad Humes, merchants of this cit of two certain nom ssory notes or drafts for is Bunuel Seudder iv the same individual who figured afew months ago under cvarges Of defranding a larke number of farmers in Orange county. ing before Fneice Dein n of Slealing a Horse name cf Famer Goldiag i with a bay mare, haviog on ber bree s eloth Th shor videns en, for whieh an owneris wonted, Apply tothe above olllerr Justice Dinver locked up the acomiec fora farther hen ne Grand Larceny «A bisek ¢ Now eqlied fea Fronelin, wos avre:ted ou Setirvay nich. by Captain Harrigan, of the bth ward police cnn acln-ye of irovkirg open a trunk belonging to Phebe Doty, No 164 Chavet cert, wd ater ing he mH £30 iu gold. A810 gold pice eos found emthe flor where the Vostier Denker vocxed hin up for tr A fe Poy aman © (lig bi was srcested by offic his conflaement at the Karst wes if rmed that | Musical t this house » splendid new Plece will be produced this evening, with all the eclel and brill cy which the Bowery theatre is no celebrated for. The“ Whiteboy” is the name of this piece, and as its name imports, the story is founded oo Irish incidentr. ‘The secret associations of Ireiand’s peasantry, aud the deeds of vengeance and destruction to which they de- voted themselves in order to rid their country from the tyranny and extostions of tythe proctor, middlemen, aud others of the same stsmp, sfford the dramatist great scope, and, we understand that in the preeent drama, the story is of the most intense interest; the tcenery, properties, dresses, Xo, are el! new and aplea- did. The parts will be filed by tho strength of the company, and nothing will be let mndone to make the plece go cif favorably. The popular piece of the “Ja- cobite” will conclude the evening's amusements. Wo expect to seo the Bowery crowded to its utmost capacity tals evening. -CHatHaM THeatae —Mr. Adams appears this eve- ning as Othello, in the tragedy of that Sane, anda chu- racter in which has gained much reputation. Dariog the past week, he has besn performing to crowded houres, and as this isthe last nght but one of his en- gagement, those who have not seen him ought to go at one. The farces of*Young America,” and the “Young Scamp,” will be the afterpieces, a Cincus--Bowery AmruitHeatRe. — Gardnel Will is take a benefit here, this evening. They are deserving men, and have lately been sufferers by fire. Let their frisnds turn out, and make up their loss to them, thisevening. This is the last night of the cirous feason Cuxisty’s Minstrets commance another week at Me- chanics’ Hall, this evening. They have some fine new songs for this week, and will, doubtless, give as much jatitfaction as ever. - BLES Rete pond Re ca form this an y other ging, during the week. Thee are great favorites, and have large ndicnoes every evening Mopew Antists —These exhibitions still continue to flourish. No less than three companies are in full ope- ration, viz : at the Odeon, in Broadway ; Concert Room, near the Broadway Theatre; and at Pa.mo’s Opera Houge,-Chambers street. At the latter place, some of the figures will appear on horseback. Ul, will per- ‘Tue Porr’s Prociamation.—Our readers will find, in another column, the famous proclame- tion of the Pope to the Catholics of the world. It will be read with considerable interest. “Malls for Kurope,— We take pleasure in informing our readers, that in consequence of a general desire expressed by our busi- ness community, the sailing of the steamehip Hermannis delayed till to-morrow morning, at nine o’clock, and that her mails will closs this afternoon, at 7 o’clook. With the view of sending the latest uews from this continent to Europe, by this versel, we shall defer the publication of the European edition of the Weekly Herald, for her mails, till noon to-day. It will con- tain o summary of news in the English and French language, and embrace the latest intelligence received by the mail and by telegraph at this office, up to the hour of publication. It will include @ perfect and fall copy of the treaty with Mexico, reports of the trial trips of the steamships Hermann and United States, ke., &e. —=———== The Grand Ball of the “‘Knickerbockers” comes off to-night at Old Tammany; it will nodoubt be a splendid affair and numerously aitended by the beauty and f.shion of our city; extensive preparations by the committee to make it one of the best per Boxes and Colored Papers_G, Bach blishment for this branch of manufac- repared now to ex*cate all orders at and at contiderably reduced prices. Re- the shortest notie z member to cali at G. Bach’s old stand, 49 Fulton street. Diamond Pointed Gold Pens, from 75 cents Beers & Clark. 25 John street, (up staire,) invite tention of all purchasers of Gold Pens, wholesale or 1, to their stock, comprising the peas of all the best ma- kers in the country, carefully selected and eee. Being perfectly confident of the inability of any to compete with them in the quality and price of the:r pens and cases, they cheerfally furnish purchasers with a list of their prices, te mparison with others. Gold pens exchanged or re Diamond Polnted Gold Pens.—Wholesale and retail. wact ofa good article should go to J. W. GREATON & 71 Cedar street. They have several new and very superior styles, at very low prices. th atey they sell for $1 50. The gew rt G. Penand Case, $175 only. Spencer & Rendell’s, Levi Brow! Josialy Hayden & Co's, aud ali other appro makers’ Pe selected by a competent person, at reduced prices. Gold s aud ceses repaired and exchanged. Gold Pens, of every description and t pivoe 1: sale 25 per cent below former prices, wholesale aud retail ty BB. Watson, & Co. 45 William street, 1 door below Wall street, aud J. ¥. Savage, 92 Faltoa street. Their Richelieu Pens are invariably warraated, and are now recognized as the bert aud cheapest pen in the world, A. G. Bagley's Gold Pen: soldas above, by the gross or dozea, st maaufaeturers’ prices. Banks, colleges and schools supplied with pens of appropriate (aaity and size, _tgord pens remaived cost. easily ke ‘There is no j@ which is less thought abont when not needed, ‘There is no article that is more desired wheu needed. here is no article that the subscriber takes more pride in selling, for there is no article that he ean offer at auch bargains as his ambreidas. There iano article +mone all his stock of Umbrellas that be cannot warrentin quality and sell lower than any other dester. GENIN, 24 Broadway, opposite St. Paul’s Charen. resu't of a dim-nution ia the quantity o1 electric or galvenic influence, wh idie of agradua | . of museu| physical energy Of course any artificial ag producing and commoniesting fo t e animal machinery au ic” iluence corresponding to thatof ¥ tality, or Ife. has the power, to a certain extent. of ret-rding the process «f decay, and pre~ Jonsing animal life, ‘This eapabitity, and this power. we claim for Dr Christie’s Galvanic and Mogaetic Curative: god we confidently recommend his Galvame Belts, Neex- laces, Bracelets, &e , to the aged and infirm of both sexes, a affording the bert substitute for that pacural warmth, and vital sirmulus, of which inexorable Time has measurably deprived them. These artieles are of norivalled effiency in the relief aud permanent eure of all the diseases which aro classified as nervous and muscular, suck as rheumatism, headache. tic dolorenx cramps, &e . ke. ans, ean only be obtained in New York, of D. MOORHEAD, 182 Broadway. Corns, & ons and Gad Nalls Extracted— 8. SHIRIAKU from St. Petersburgh, Russia—Dr. 8. begs leave to deform thoss in ‘auy way affected with Corns, Tavions. that he can be cousuled daily at his office. takeoff, chiropadist, earegestoany who houor him with fo cure the above withont the pain or treable instruments al which he relies on, tat e Elixir to be the most facilitetiog remedy forex taetiag Corus, which will never retueu. Any person who willesll,can see anumber of letters from their fellow citt- hanks for an immediate and complete cure, at ambers street, opposite the Park. COMMERCIAL AFFAIRS. MONEY MARKET, Sunday, March 19.6 P. M. Tao stock market, during the past week, has not been very active, although prices have been fluctuating. Speculators for a rise, early in the week had ths advan- tage; but tho bears at the close ware in the ascendency, with a favorable prompect of such e change as will en- able them to recover from the losses of the past week ortwo. Saveral of the fancies have, within the past few weeks, imprcved many per cent, smong whish the most prominent isthe Harlem, an advance «f about ten per cent having been realized within the pest thirty days Thero is evidently a combination formed for the purpose of putting up this stock, and if the parties engaged in the corner, preserve their faith with each cther,a fur- ther improvement of several per cont may be realized. We have, however, #0 little confidence in parties combin- ing for inflating prices for any funcy stock, thatthe market may break down any moment, and those operating for a rine, find their profits fading away so rapidly that they cannot secure any part of them. Combinations for a Corner invariably break down, and the parties inte- rested are ueually large lorers. As soon as an advance of five or ten per cent has taken place some of the individusls intoested in the movement with to realize, not wishing to run tho risk of a decline and ell out privately, leaving their partners in tho speculation to get out as they best oan. The stock put upon the market by the dishonorable parties, generally breaks down prices, and the bears have the benefit of the explosion. We anticipate a movement similar to this in Harlem, from the fact that the rise in prices has | been the result principally of artificial means, and not warranted by any more favorable state of the mouey merket than other stocks have had tho benefit of. It has been our opinion for gome time pest, that this stock ruled too low; that itenctual value was above prices cur- tent afew woeks since; but the improvement hay bern too rapid to be permanent, although the stock is esti. mated by thore occupying @ position giving hem facili" ties for knowing, to be worth about fifty per cent. At | that price, it may be a good purchase for investment | while speculative operations may carry it up to sixty, and down to forty. ‘Thea treaty of ponoe will Mexico having born ratified | by the Sonate, and denpatched to Mexico by special commistioner, it wil be somo time before i will again egitate the public mind. In the mean lime, the expendi(ures of the government on account of the wer, will continue undiminished, and the wauts of the Treasury Department unlimited. Tho new lona bill will probably pass the Senate without roy material alteration, and proposals will at ones bo lyausd for ite negotiation, Sixteen miliiens of dollars drawa rom the ohennela of ecommerce in rprois, to be expend. od pric lly in a foreign country, must bave a deprers- ing influence upon commerolal affairs generally, and keep the bonks in ® very contracted condition. Thi with the contioued depression fa prives for our grest exporting staple in Great Britain, in connection with a Jarge importation of foreign manufacturer, must keep