The New York Herald Newspaper, March 13, 1848, Page 2

NEW YORK HERALD. Horth-west Corner of Fuiton and Nassau sts. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, (Sunday included.) | 2 tn ag hl a per pi HR the United States. European subscribers, $14 per annum, to include the post- Ssturday 4X cents | ' nium—in (he pile tates * He 2 oem tanum, to include the postage. (in the French as weil as in the English lan- will be published on the day of the departure of | Sack steamer for any port in Burpe, with sntelligence | from all parts of the American continent to the latest mo- ment scriptions aat advertisements received by | Messrs. Galignan. i rve Vivienne, Paris; P L Simonds, 1s Cornhill, and John Miler, bookseller, Henrietta street, London TOKE SIDENTLAL HERALD—Every Tuesday One Doliar for the Com ADVERTISES secsonuble prices; to be written in a plain, legible manner. The proprietor not responsible for errors in manuscript RINTING of oll kinds executed beautifully and with despotch Orders received at the Pubs ner of Puiton and Nassau streets ALL LETTERS ‘vy mail for subscriptions, or with advertisements (o he pos paid, or the postage will be de- ducted from the money remitted VOLUNTARY CORRESPONDENCE containing important news solécited from any quarter of the werld— and if used wil! he liberally paid for NO NOTICE can be taken of anonymous communica tions, Whatever is intended far insertion must be authen- ticated by the name and address of the writer; not nece rtly for publ cation but Wecannot undertrke to “WEEKLY HERALD-Ey per copy lication Office, cor- ——— A’ USS ENTS THIS EV 'G. PARK THEATRE—‘jisetck—Wuire Honse oF THE Perrens—L Ivison p'un Peixtre— Onnr BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery —Prorie’s CanpiDate o~Sam Parca in France—THenrse. CHATHAM THEATRE, Chatham street.—Macvern— ‘Wwart bo THaY TAKE Me FoR! CIRCUS—BOWERY AMPHITHZATRE, Bowery— Eqvestnianim, Gyavasrics, Pantomime, ke. MECHANICS’ HALL, Broadway, near Broome—Cunis- tr’s MinstRets—ErHiorian Sincine—BuRLES@UE Danc- ING, ee. CONVENTION HA! and Bleecker —Sasiu LATING, Se. ke. PANORAMA HALL, Broadway, near Houston street.— Baxvann’s Paxonama oF THE Mississirr. BROADWAY ODEON, Broadway —Mopei Axtists CONCERT ROOM, BROADWAY.—Mopet Aatists a Wooster street, between Hous oTHERS, Etuiorian Sineine, New York, Monday, March 13, 1848, =e Circulation of the Herald. Sundey Herald, March 12. ........+. « «18.920 copies. ite issue of sheets last week. .....187,044 “ 46.440 Agaregs' Average of Daily. Weekly, Sunday, < “A % it , ovelook, Oo ae Publication commenced yesterday at 15m. finished at . “s ‘iii « —— News from Europe. The steamship Cambria, with two weeks’ later news from Europe, isnow nearly due, and will probably arrive here ina day ortwo. Her news is anxiously looked for, in consequence of the revolutionary movements in France, and other parts of the Continent, and wil] doubtless be very interesting. Whe Treaty with Mexico. We give on our firat page, a full and corrected copy of the treaty with Mexico, which was rati- fied by the Senate last Friday, by a vote of 37 to 15. We have had a copy of this treaty, as it came from Mexico, in our possession, and under our control, ever since its arrival in this country, on its way to London and Paris; but certain consi- derations of propriety towards the Senate, and regard to the public interests, restrained us from giving it to the public until it had re- ceived the sanction and the proper amend- ments of the American Senate. That sanc- tion it has now received; and we accordingly take offthe interdict, and give it to the world, as it came amended from the United States Senate. This ratified treaty with Mexico will now be- come the topic of all the journals, and the sub- ject of every tongue, for many months to come The war with Mexico is ended, and its results are before us. It lacks two months of two years since the first battle was fought upon the Rio Grande; and now we have, after a succession of forty or fifty brilliant victories—all of them without any defeat interposed—made the acqui- sition and acquired the possession of a territory as large as one-third of Mexico, equai to half a dozen modern kingdoms, and reaching trom the Atlantic to the Pacific ocean, with rivers, mountains, bays and harbors innumerable The first Punic war between the Carthagenians and Romans grew out of similar complicated and meagre difficulties which have marked the first war between the United States ‘and Mexi- co. But the Romans and Carthageniens fought with each other for the period of twenty-four years before they could obtain a peace. In this age of enterprise, of steam, end of elec- tricity, we can do more work, can pass over more ground, and can perform more fighting, in two yeare’ time, than could have been done in twenty or forty years by the ancient world. We have gained lots ofglory, and we have paid, and yet shall have to pay, lots of money. The war with Mexico will costus about the same price which the last war with England cost us; but we get more for our money than we did by that war, both in territory, in influence, and in power. Peece is now positive and certain between the two republics, and all its commixed and happy effects will follow in its train, upon the trade, commerce, and business of the country. We have not the slightestdoubt but that any govern- ment in Mexico will ratify this treaty, proceeding from Washington and sent on to Queretaro for assent. They cannot help themselves. The money to be paid will be an inducement. Whether they are willing to ratify it or not, the United States need not care aetraw about it, but shape their conduct under its terms, with the belief that the treaty will be ultimately ratified ; and if not, still their course will be to act accordingly, just as if it were ratified. Therefore, we shall now have peace for years and years to come, with nothing to trouble us, either foreign or domestic, except the little debt of overa hundred mil- lions. But what is that, compared with our re- sources? Ten or twelve millions a year devot- ed to that object, would pay off the whole deb in the course of twelve years; and during tha time, the commercial growth of this coun- try will enable us to spare twice that amount. In all this time the tariff controversy, the sub-treasury dispute, and all the other financial questions which have divided the country, will be held in abeyance. We shall have nothing more to think of, for years to come, but to husband our resources, to build up our greatnesa, to take advantage of the state of Eu rope, and to prepare, upon the first opening of the strife with England or Spain, to annex Ca- nada or Cuba, with the same facility with which we have now annexed nearly the half of Mex- ico. Canada and Cubs, therefore, if you please, prepare, both of you, for this natural consumma- tion of that great event which must take place upon this continent—your annexation While the end of this war has come, leaving us the consideration of our glory, and a hundred millions debt, at least, for certain, the very natu- ral enquiry comes up—‘“What is going to be the effect of all these events upon public men, politi cal parties, and the general policy of our repub- lie, at the approaching Presidential election?’ In commercial affairs, we shall have a prodi- gious epring and energy for the next few years— such as willbe without any previous parallel Bat in political affairs, there will be suddenly | some great changes to take place, epringing out of this new state of things—this new age, now dawning upon us from this Mexican war and ite glorious termination Some facts connected with this war strike us more forcibly and more curiously than others. It was a war which, though growing out of the annexation of Texas with the Union, still was | accidental; and the breaking out of actual hos- | tilities between us and Mexico, was unexpected | and sudden, It has now suddenly terminated, | most prosperously to the United States. Butthe | | re) | ENTS (renewed every moruing) at | | | conduct of parties and ot public men, during its progress, has been most curious and confused.— At first, both parties appeared to agree together in the declaration of war, with some very few and inconsiderable exceptions. But as vic- tory followed after victory, and as more money was required to accomplish these brilliant victories, new and strange phe- nomena then became apparent in the politica! world. The whig leaders began to find reason | for crying down the war throughout the country, principally, however, upon the score of the ex- penditure and money which was required to prosecute the war. But, singularly enough, in cessary, the best generals and the best soldiers were whigs, and nothing else than whigs. The democrats fought for their country in Congress, and the whigs upon the field of battle. The conduct, moreover, of the old democratic and the old whig leaders, seems to have been strange and inconsiderate. What a spec- table to contemplate ! opposing this peace, and Calhoun, who was origineliy opposed to the war, now nobly and «bly sustaining the treaty, and exert- ing himself to the utmost to bring about its rati- fication! Webster and Benton, with a few ultra politicians following at their tail, seem to have acted like spoiled children, or enfants terribles, as the French call them. What can be the meaning of all this ?—what will be its effect? It seems that in the Presidential campaign, Mr. Polk is now certainly in a very singular and happy position. He began the war. He car- ried it through. He has now ended it, suc- cessfully and brilliantly, after forty splendid victories—after the acquisition of immense glory and territory, and only a hundred millions of debt. He is a lucky and a fortunate man. He appears to be, as yet, the only man in the democratic ranks who will be able to har- monize all the difficulties and contentions which divide the party, and to overcome ali the Wil- mot disturbances and quarrels which the little politicians of the day have created. We do not think that the swindle practised upon Mr. Van Buren, four years ago, will ever be repaired. Mr. Calhoun’s position is equally as strong and commanding as that ot Mr. Buchanan or Gen. Cass’. But what will be the condition of the whigs? What will be the position of Mr. Clay? What that of General Taylor? We are very much dis- posed to believe that the termination of the war, in the manner in wnich it has been done, and the quarrels of the several Generals and milita- ty officers (which will yet bring out many new developements and much ‘ soup”) will tend to throw so much ridicule, farce and odium upon military politics in general, that the public will be induced to abandon military men altogether for any other purpose whatever than mere blood and carnage, and go back upon states- men, who have heretofore guided and influ- enced the different parties. In such a situ- ation of things, we should not be sur- prised to see Mr. Clay the candidate of the whig patty on one side, and Mr. Polk the democratic candidate on the other side.— Most certainly Mr. Clay owes it to him. self, at this crisis, to come out again, and explain his position anew, and to take before the people a more ‘national, a more comprehensive, a more liberal and enlarged view of the public interests, than he did in his famous speech at Lexington last fall. If he were to do this, it would operate to do away with the bad effects of that, for him, unfortunate harangue. These ere some of the views and some of the conclusions which occur to us at this particular crisis of public affairs, immediately upon the track of the ratification of that great and impor- tant document, the treaty. It willtake yet some time for individuals aud parties before they will be able to settle and adjust themselves to the new order of things. Our merchants, our manufac- turers, our tradesmen, and business men gene- rally, will have less difficulty than the politi- cians to do this. A time of prosperity is about to open upon us, greater and more astonishing than ever before has taken place in all the past history of this republic. Our military deeds and mulitary fame, together with our financial power, will secure for us peace with the whole world, and particularly with Europe and South America. The nations of Europe, standing as they do upon the eve of a general revolution among all their governments, ‘will see that we are the only stable, the only free and happy people in the whole civilized world. We have, therefore, every reason to be pleased with the commencement of the Mexican war—with the carrying out of this war—with the peace— with the treaty—with all the negotiators in it, in the “Senate—while we laugh at and ridicule the child’s play of those who put themselves in opposition to the current of the age, whether as politicians, or as journalists, or as editore, or as loafers. Up the sails again, and away before the breese! Crepit To wHom Cxrepit 1s Dug.—Our amia- ble contemporary, the Courrier des Etats Unis, charges us with publishing, without giving him credit, certain passages of their news, and using it in the columns of the Weekly Herald transmit- ted to Europe. Captain Jonathan Downing once tound a loafer wearing his coat and breeches, which had been stolen from Captain Downing’s ship, and which this loafer had altered in the buttons and flaps of the coat, and put on and call- ed his own. Captain Downing stripped the gentleman of his borrowed plumes, and kicked him down the stream, after he got his own. We are much afraid our amiable contemporary isin the same predicament. For the last eight or ten years, the Courrier has been quietly taking our own news—both foreign and domestic— translating it into their own language, and then passing it off on their innocent readers and the community, 80 as to make it appear that these efforts, in gleaning and getting news, were got up at vast expense and wonderful pains. The very passages in question, which he charges us with publishing without credit, are simply but a columns of the Herald, and translated and passed off on the readers of the French Courrier as ori- ginal, procured at vast expense. Instead, there- fore, of talking in this silly way, our contempo- rary should pay the following bill, which would not be much out of the way to have presented to him to-day and make payable to-morrow :— The Courrier des Evats-Unis, To The New York Herald, Dr. To fornishing the French paper with foreign and domestic news for eight years, at $2,000 Deducting for blunders of the French Courrier, and also for bad translations of good Eogiish,............ Deducting for roiling white kids, = for injuries done to his vanity, 150 bad for effeots on his puffs,...... 600 —aae 0796 Balance now duo.....sssseeeees $13,275 This is the amount now due, which we pro- | pose to take in instalments of $3,000 for four | years, that being the time allowed tor the adjust- ment of the demands between the United States | and Mexico. These are very fair terms. Will | our contemporary issue stock at six per cent., or pay itin annual instalments? We shall take it either way, but want very much to have a set- tlement before he ruturns to Paris, and forgets, in the gaities there, all the favors conterred upon | him in the United States. News rrom Sr. Croirx.—We have received a file of the St. Croiz Avis, from the 30:h Decem- | ber last to the 27th of January last, but we do not find in it anything of interest. It is a curious looking paper. \ the armies which made these expenditures ne. | Webster and Benton | great and emall—with the conduct of both parties | resumé of the news taken originally from the | E. CRABTREE ‘The steamer Hermann, the second ship in the South- ampton and Bremen line, built in this city by Messrs. Weatervelt & McKay, for the Ocean Steam Navigation Company, under a contract made by Edward Mills, Erq. with the government, for the transportation of the Americaa mails between New York, Southampton, and Germany, made her trial trip on Friday and Saturday. The keel of this vessel was laid shortly after the launching of the Washington, the pioneer of the line, about four months ago ; since which time she has been in the hands of Messrs. Stillman, Allen & Co. receiving her engines and other appointments. She is now com- Ploted, anid ready to take her departure. The appear- ‘ance of the ship, as will be seen by the above represen- tation, does not differ materially from the Washington ; nor does her model present any new feature, in form or build. She is, however, larger, and more systematically arranged, both as regards the conveniences through the interior, the appoint ments on deck, and her style of rig. Her length of keel is 237 feet ; upper deck, 250 feet ; breadth of beam, 41 feet ; depth of hold, 31 feet ; and measures, according to carpenter’s calculation, 2350 tons. Her frame is composed of the very best material in present use, being well seasoned white oak. All her crooks and bends are natural,and put together with Great care. The keel and kelsons are of great power, forming a solid mass of heavy timber, of more than seven feet in thickness, and festened through with heavy cop- per belts. She has also a bilge kelson, seventeen inches #quare, running the full length of the ship; each side of this are four additional kelsons, which servo as a bed or resting place for the engines. They are about four and a half feet high,and run the whole length of the floor, fore and aft, which adds much to the strength of the ship. She is doubly planked, commencing at the keel, with a 3)¢ inch plank; and running up to the water mark, they reach 6 inches in thickness; across the timber heads the planking is over inches. On the inside of the frame there; are wood and iron braces, fore and aft, run- ning diagonally from the main deck to the water mark, and many of the bulk heads on the lower deck, near the engines, are double, and put up with massive timber, running at angles; this is done with a view to increase the stiffaess of the vessel amidehip, in the vicinity of the engines. The deck beams are supported by lodging, hanging and diagonal knees. Her deok is flush, fore and aft. Between the wheels is erected a neat range of houses, which extends to either end of the wheel-house, and are about 16 feet wide. The companion ways leading below are perfectly secured sgainst water making into them, by the protection this house offers, and it is so. well contrived ‘that the wind can have but little or no effect upon it. A portion of this forms a fine large en-. trance to the engine, which is finely finished and orne- mented by polished brass railings and iron gratings, leading through the various sections of the engines. The | splendid entrance and circular stairway to the main sa- loon, is also under this covering, snd is always ap- proached with as much security, snd is a8 well kept, as | adrawingroom. The galley for the servants and crew | is under the forward part of this houce, ss is alo the | cow pen, poultry, &> ; but they have no connection with any other part of the vessel,and are entirely out of | the way of passengers and The wheelhouse stands chock aft—isa nest and strong structure, well arranged, and fitted with apartments for the convenience of the officers of the ebip. The deck is protested by a bulwark three feet high, the after part of which has a nice net work of some six- teen inches in height. The cabin is fitted in the most luxuriant and cost!: manner; the style adoped by the artist appears to be oF the Elizabethan order, with a slight mixture of native fancy. The decorations are elaborate, and the innume- rable mouldings, surfaces, and pannels of enamel or crystallized forms, excel in splendor of design and ar- rangement, the most magnificent productions of art ever produced on board of sbip. The scu'pturing and | painting display the highest order of talent. There can be nothing. in either painting or eculpt to surpass | the exquisite productions displayed in this saloon; the | close imitation of nature in both constitute the excel- | lence and the ability of the artists. The general ap- | pearance of the saloon is light and elegant; the rich gilding, decorations and paintings, so harmoniously ar- | ranged, excite the most pleasurable feelings it is ut 90 feet long and 20 feet wide ; on each side are en sections. or panels, ornamented with circular cape views There sections are between the atate- room doors, on either side of which are two white enam- eled celumns on twisted pedestals, surmounted by a capital, richly and highly decorated, each supporting ele- borately worked trusses, on which rest the deck or ceiling | beams These trusres bap malin | sculptured and finely | eed each having the face and bust of a lady of the | Elizabethan age, in alto relievo The ground work be- | bind the columns is ensmeled. The cornices are beau- | tifully ornamented and polished. The door pannels aro | richly polished and ornamented, with a carved wreath, | richly gilded. The celliog beams and pannelings over. head, are edged with carved andgilded mouldiogs, and | are otherwise ornamented The turniture in thie saloon is principally polished walnut, plain but rich, relies by some four or five | patent iron frame settees. covered with crimson velvet, | and so ingeniously constructed that in a moment a com- fortable lounging sofa may be arranged. The carpeting throughout, state rooms and all, is brussels, of the most costly description. The mast and rudder casings are octagon finish, with mirrors in each equare,and a clus- ter column on each angle. An elegant sofe sets under the stern windows, over which are three splendid oil intings, the first representing the harbor an: 2 bpectine view of New York; other isa fine view of e city of Bremen, and in the centre is @ correct and well Cpe ee jer of the Hermann. The cabin or saloon receives light aud sir through three large ver- tical sky-lights, ornamented with stained glass of a great variety of colors, beautifully diversified. The ladies’ private saloon, which is located nearly midships, is one of the most costly furnished rooms of ite size perhaps in existence. ‘he furniture is that used during the reign of Louis X1V , white and gold, covered with costly crimson velvet. The wails are com- pletely hidden from view by large mirrors, of various forms, gorgeously framed accerding to the latest French style The sofas, lounger,and chairs, are of the most exquisite workmonship. The piano, lee, and chande- lier, correspond with the decorations of the room, and are in perfect keeping with the magnificent velvet car- veting that covers the floor. Nothing reems wanting in this beautiful apartment either to please the eye or comfort the body The state rooms are large and fitte: for two persons, having two bert! dorned with ta) try, and settees covered with crimson velvet; they are furnished with Brus: arpets, well sired and lighted by circular ports on the side, and dead lights on deck. Underneath the main saloon, and d from it by a mahogany etaircase, are state rooms ten feet rquare, some containing four sleeping berths, some six, and others less, calculated to accommodate families or par- ties; they are more comfortable than those in the main salcon, being large, retired, weil lighted, und elegantly furnished. On this deck are located the store room, baggege room, mail room, wine cellar, kc. The fore cabin contains a large number of s‘ate-rooms of grexter dimensions than those in the efter part of the ship ; @ saloon used by gentlemen asa lounging or smok- ing resort ; besides a number of splendid apartment, used by the efficers of the ship. This cabin can be en- tered the main deck, or through a prssege-way jeading from the after saloon. Adjoining this is the office, handsomely furnished, and «large room occupied by the engineers. The hiteben is located immediately for ward of the 1d connects with the mai; pa did arrangements, He comfort of all on board; chests for silver plate, de sete, water filters, urns, and « ries. The engine-ro@m is entirely distinct. and entered bya separate door; it is tastefully fitted and arranged, with three iron platforms or gratework allowing a freeacrens to s current of fresh air passingthrough the room. The plat- jorms and gangways are guarded with massive polished brars rods, kept in fine order; uear the engine-room are the berths for the chief engineer and his assistants; and | also, those for the firemen and coal trimmers. Immedi- ately adjoining the engines, are large store-rooms, for the use of tallow, oil, ko ; and one large one designed a6 @ machine shop, containiog every requisite tool used epairing She has two side lever marine engines, ¥ » kooording to the English mode of reckoning, aro » COMMANDER, ‘ 1600 horse power, cylinder 6 feet in diameter, 10 feet stroke, water whee! 36}¢ feet diameter and 8 feet face. ‘The cylinders are cased around with wood on the out- side, with lining of felt cloth underneath. ‘he forecastie is between deoks, forward of the fore hatch, arranged with good berths for her crew. The chain lookers are below this, in the lower hold, and in the between deoks there is a casing with doors in it, which encloses the after part of the chains in their de- scent, and also serve for a baggage or luggage room, after the hatches are closed. The windlass, although between deoks, and entirely out of sight, is worked on deck. We omitted to state that the ship bas ample and com- fortable accommodations for 160 first class passengers. The Hermann, when fully manned. including officers and servants, carries 120 s. The officers are gen- tlemen of intelligence and much experience ; all having geen years of service, and are capable at Le? moment to take the responsibility of a steamer or ing vessel.— to most of our merchants bilities—ocompetent not only perience in merine afairs, but stored mind, end his knowledge of steam pliancies. The names of the officers are as Edward McKeige, first offi- ailing master; Edward A. U. 8. N., second officer; Mr. Belcher, third offi- cer ; Dr. Tombs, surgeon ; John L. Crabtree and Mr. A. Mills, clerks; Samuel A. Smith, steward ; John Vende- water, chief engineer; John Gallagher and Dugald Brooks, first assistants ; Henry Brooks, second assistant; Lieut. Thos. Brownell, government agent and inspector; is} Weastervelt and MoKay are the builders of the ship ; ‘Stillman, Allen & Co, builders; Cutter & Young, carpenters and ornamental carvers; David Calliouette, tal . 7 ti 4 i orpeain p na ar tec atop saeae The trisl mo Governors’ Island at.11 o'clock, A. on Friday, and returning to the pier on Saturday at 6 o’olook, P. M., after avery successful run of 2765 miles. Her speed, power and general qualities, under a full head ef steam, also under canvass, and then under both, were suffi- ciently tested. and in every respect jave the most decided satisfaction in the performance of her trip. Her steam was raised so as to enable her to make over thirteen miles an hour, which she did with zener eee and was perfectly manageable in every respect. w s heavy gale from the northwest during eighteen hours of the time, when Capt. Crabtree hove to, and stopped her engines for the purpose of trying her sailing qualities. She was run in various directions in the trough of the sea, with the wind ahead, on her beam, quartering and astern; in every movement and position she behaved nobly. Her motion against the sea and the heavy gale then raging, was excellent, and elicited the most enthu- siastic expressions from; her commander, Lieut. Brow- nell, Mr. Mills. and the nautical itlemen on board. She is now at her dock, No. 4 North river, and will be ready on Wednesday to receive visiters and freight. She will leave positively on the 20th. No one can look upon this noble ship , even in a casual manner, without being astonished at the great amount id expense, which must have been |. Nomatter what her vor ve great praise for ed thro the from the stn the contract up. Mr. Cray’s Visit anp Mr. Ciay’s Departure. —Mr. Clay will leave New York to-day, on his way westward. It is stated that he will remain at Newark from nine o’clock till four, P. M , to receive the visits of his friends in that only civi- lized city in the State of New Jersey. He will then depart for Philadelphia, Baltimore, the Al- leghany Mountains, the ®bio, and home. Mr. Clay has been about six days in New York. He arrived: on Tuesday last, and leaves to-day His reception has been most magnificent through- out the whole of this period, and the attentions paid to him by both parties, and all parties, in- cluding both sexes, have been more appro- priate, and more delicate, and more fitting his position, than those which he formerly received in New York, about eight years ago, and which we remember very well— how he was cheated, and so forth. Yet those attentions have been very burdensome to Mr. Clay in various respects. It is not so easy to shake hands with thousands of big-fisted fellows, or kiss the pretty lips of thousands of pretty wo- men, without feeling the effect some way or other, even in an old statesman, who may be all bone and sinew, except the head—that being aquafortis. What Mr. Clay’s opinions may be on the reception hexmet with in this city, it is not a matter of much consequence to inquire. He seems to be pleased, and he says he is. One of the most interesting tableaux on the occasion was the conjunction between him and Ex-Presi- dent Van Buren, friendly and smiling towards each other, after a long life of disunion, as- perity, and political rivalry. With all these manifestations of respect to” wards Mr. Clay from the whigs of New York, it is yet a mooted question whether they would not cheat him again. They are a very unreliable set of men—the whigs of New York—and their character is very fitly represented by Thurlow Weed and Horace Greeley, in the matter of pub- lic taith and private reliance. Since Mr. Clay’s arrival in New York, a very important event has taken place in the political world, and that is, the ratification of the treaty of peace with Mexico, and the probable termina- tion of all our difficulties with that country, with the annexation of a vast territory, and all the usual results growing out of a brilliant two years’ war. We should like to know Mr. Clay’s views and opinions, at this particular crisis in the history of the country. From this day forward, we begin a new career of peace and prosperity; and although Mr. Clay has committed some mis- takes—and one of them was his speech in Lex- ington—there can be no donbt of his patriotism— his real love of country—his independence, and of all those feelings which would render him capable of filling the highest office in thid great nation. With the exception of some speeches, which amounted to lit- tle, and a few votes, and some ridiculous and immaterial movements, the whigs of this country have served in the ranks of the Ameri- can army in Mexico, as nobly as the democrats have. They have fought, and bled, and died; and Mr. Clay himself need not travel beyond the sacred limits of his own family to be convinced of this great fact. We are convinced, that on the subject of the Mexican invasion and the Mexi- can war, after the asperities of the moment are over, both parties will take great credit for that great movement of the United States which has covered the country with glory, given to it addi- tional territory, anda name that will give us peace with every other nation for at least a cen- tury to come. We should like to know Mr. Clay’s views on this subject; and we think he ought not to leave New York without delivering a speech, so as to give his friends information on the matter, and make them acquainted with the position in which they stand. This is most interesting crisis, and every great man will have to adjust his watch to the great time-piece of destiny and eternity, TELEGRAPHIC INTELLIGENCE, ei Summary. Our despatches by telegraph last night were not so interesting and important in their features as usual. From Washington, we learn that Ma- jor Graham has been despatched as a courier to Mexico, to notify that government of the rati- fication of the treaty by the American Senate. It will be seen that the sabbath has been again desecrated, in Baltimore, by brutal riots among the firemen, in which several are said to have been killed, and numbers seriously wounded. We have the proceedings of the State legisla- ture on Saturday, the Northern line having been again put in working order. From Augusta, Georgia, we have New Orleans markets and ship news to the 5th inst., received atthat place by overland express, and which was the only matter of interest worth sending over the lines. Courter to Mex:co Wasnineton, March 12, 1848. Major Graham left last night,with news of the ratification, post haste in a few days. The President has something more to ask of the Senate. WwW. From the South. Auevusta, Geo. March 11, 1848. The overland express from New Orleans, with papers to the 5th inst. has arrived at this place; but It brite no news of importance. The mail from Pie Orleans failed to connect at Mobile on the inst. The telegraphic line between New Orleans and Mobile commenced operating on the after- noon of the 4th inst. From Washington. . _, Wasuinaton, March 12, 1848. ‘The nominations of Hewlett, for surveyor of the port at Coldspring, Ireland at Greenport, and Garret at Camden, have been confirmed. .The remains of Captain Hanson, who was killed in Mexico, arrived here this evening, and willbe interred with public honors on Tuesday or Wednesday next. Firemen’s Riots in BaltimoreSeveral Per- sons Killed and Wounded._£—Fires, dic. Ba-timorr, Sunday evening, March 12. There was an alarm of fire in this cily to-day, which was the occasion of a dreadful riot amon; several fire companies. The Independent ani Watchmen joined against the New Market and United, and from one to two thousand men were engaged in the fight, which oceurred at the cor- ner of Cathedral and Madison streets. Pistols were fired into the crowd, and stones, bricks, clubs, etc., were used with the greatest violence. A man named Anthony Hughes was shot dead; three others received balls in various places, an a large number were seriously wounded, some of whom, it is thought, will not recover. Seve- ral arrests were made by the police. 5 A store was burned down at Fells’ Point this morning, subsequently to which another severe riot occurred. Disorder is prevailing every- where; the alarms of fire are frequent, and the belligerent companies are collected together, and threaten vengeance upon one another. So stand matters at present. NEW YORK LEGISLATURE. Axnanr, Marob I1, 1849. Senate. PETITION FOR AN APPROPRIATION. A petition was received from the Commissioners of migration for an appropriation. EVENING SCHOOLS IN THE CITY OF NEW YORK. Mr. Burcu reported a bill authorising the Board of Education in New York to establish evening schools. THE COMMISSARY GENERAL. Mr. Hat reported favorably on the bill to repeal the act to pay Henry Storms extra eompensation, ko. BANK CAPITAL, Mr. Aynauit reported against the bill to authorize insorporated banks to reduce their capital. Also, a bill to authorize the Cattskill bank to reduce its capital. CLERKS FOR THE SURROGATH’S OFFICE, Mr. Bocxes reported a bill to provide for the appoint- ment and payment of a clerk or clerks in the Surrogate’s office in Queens county. CHANGE OF THE LOCATION OF 4 BANK. A bill was offered authorizing the Exchange Bank of Genesee to change its location, and passed. PROTECTION FOR EMIGRANTS. A bill for the protection of emigrants arrivin; port of New York. was recommitted, so as to Plicable to emigrants arriving from other poin! REGULATING THE FORMATION OF BANKS. The remainder of the session was occupied in deba- ting a bill for the formation of banks. The bill was sent to e third reading. Assembly. DEAF AND DUMB INSTITUTION. W. 8. Situ reported a bill to reimburse to the Deaf end Damb institution certain expenses incurred for State pupils. Ei at the it ap- QUEEN’s COUNTY RIOTS. A resolution was adopted for the avpoiatment of a select committee on the petition of W. W. Niles, the owner of the buildings destroyed by the mob in Queen’s county, with power to visit the localities,and make all necessary investigation. LONG ISLAND CANAL AND NAVIGATION COMPANY. Mr. W. 8. Smita reported favorably on a bill in rela- tion to Long Island Canal and Navigation Company. A AaTesenastons you wav ui fas ts was passed mal sppro, jons for York Dispensaries. sali THEATRICAL FUND ASSOCIATION. Mr. Bowie, on notice, brought in a bill to incorporate the Theatrical Fund Association TONAWANDA RAILROAD COMPANY. The bill allowing the Tonawanda Railroad Company until 1861 to lay down heavy rails was passed. BROOKLYN CITY HOSPITAL A bill to amend the charter of the Brooklyn City Hos- pital was referred to the appropriate commitves. Adjourned. eo New Markets. New Ortrans, March5.—40,000 bales of cotton were sold during the week; fair at. 7% 97%. Sugar—tair at 3?¢ @ 3%, emall sales. Molasses steady and in demand at 18 to 24 cents. The sales of flour during the week were 10,000 barrels; Ohio and Illinois at $5 123¢ and $5 25; choice at $5 25; St. Louis at $5 50 and $5 75. Freights had an upward tendency Exchange was limited. Pittssura, March 11, 1848.—Cotton—The market was steady, while prices continued about the same. Flour—The market was rather depressed, and prices were inclined to droop We could hear of mo transac- tions worth reporting. Corn—Nothing doing; market heavy, with s downward tendency in prices Whiskey —We note sales of 60 bbis at 160. Oats—Sales of 140 sacks on private terms. The river had 8 feet of water in the channel. Shipping Intelligence. tieawe, March t-Arr & neeaueealis. Cid ships Boston: ig Mary Jones, Wiley, adel his. ” Tux Democratic Movement For THE Ar- pRroacuine Evection.—But four weeks are to pass before a new city government, clothed with the app.intment of two thousand fpersons, and the control of the annual purse, containing two millions of dollars, will be elected. The wires of the democratic party have been straightened, and have brought out the following candidates for the Board of Aldermen. faous Stephen R. Harris, Aoi, at. Dr. en farris, 9th. Freeman Campbell 10th, New Gray eee Oliver Cherlick, . Neil G 24, James C. Stonesil, 1th. Amos F. Hatfald, 34. Campbeil P, White, 12th. Ab’m V. Williams, 4th. Dennis Mullins, 18th. Thom . Downing, Edmund Fitsgerald, 14th. Denis Carolin, 5th, Sampson Moore, James M. Bard. 6th: Thomas Gilmartin, 15th. Elnathan Thorn, Frederio D. Kohler, 16th. Abraham Brown, 7th, Solomon Townsend, 17th. James Walsh, 8th. Robert Getty, Moses W. 8. Jackson, In the first, fourth, sixth, and fourteenth wards all expectation of a reconciliation in the party is at an end, and two democratic tickets in each of these wards will surely run. In several of the other wards two tickets are now talked of; but the chances are that the party will come to the scratch on the morning of the election, with but one ticket. We shall give their Board of Assistants ina day or two. The democrats have been for some time in quite a state of consternation in relation to their candidate for Mayor. John J. Cisco, Eccles Gilleffdar, Robert Kelly, Frederick R. Lee, Campbell P. White, and a score of smaller poli- ticians about the eves of the party, have been talked of for the chief magistracy of this city of ahalf a million; but objections sufficiently strong to threaten defeat seem to present themselves. At last an echo has come forth, that William F. Havemeyer will, if strongly pressed, accept the nomination. The chances, therefore, are, that ex-mayor Haveme er will again be before the people for this honorable office. Moses G. Leonard is again a candidate for re- election to the office of Alms House Commis- sioner. Wm_ P. Mass is also again in the field for this nomination. The national reform party have nominated John Commerford for Mayor, and Wm, A. Max- well for Alms House Commissioner. They polled over one thousand votes last spring, all of which went for Mr. Brady. The treaty will follow | Imeontant Prom Venezvxia—Fuient oy THE Wuite Porutarion.—By the arrival of the brig Orbit, Captain Anderson, 23 days from Porto Gabello, we are in possession of most exciting intelligence from this republic. We learn that the white inhabitants of La Guayra and Caracas _ are flying in all directions from the vengeance of the black and colored races, who have completely overawed these ci- ties, and have assumed so menacing an attitude towards the whites, as to inspire them with a dread of being murdered if they remained. ‘The party of Monagas, the President and Fourterite leader of the blacks, himself a creole, were going about the streets, in armed gangs, and impressing all the mixed races or blacks they could find. One colored carman was for- cibly dragged from his cart and carried off; and the impressment is going on daily. It was rumored from the interior that the whole of the country was on the eve of a gene- ral revolution, and that the celebrated General Paez was making great efforts to rally the whites. The white population along the sea-coast were trying to eecape out of the country. Most ef them were going to the Island of Curacao, and taking passage in different United States vessels. Mr. F. Weisman, lady and family, came passen- gers in the Orbit, being obliged to abandon their beautiful estate, by this dreadful panic. To the time of the Orbit’s sailing, no ac- tual murders had been committed by the blacks, since the assagsination of the national repre- sentatives. Very Late Frost Tue SaNDWice IsLanps.— We have received, | v the arrival of the ship Brutus, Capt. Adams, Vicesfrom Honolulu to the 9th of November! We learn that busin was unusually dull at Oahu for the season. e many recent arrivals of full cargoes from the United States, England, and China, had glutted the market with goods of all descriptions. The amount of merchandize entered at the custom howse between August 1st and November Ist, was nearly $400,000, first cost, more than ever before known—the net con- sumption for the last four years averaging but $863,478 yearly. Exchange on the United States was much in demand, and whalers’ bills had risen. The market rate at the sailing of the { Brutus was three per cent discount, and in some instances, bills had been taken at par. Mer- chants were shipping epecie to China, as a means of remittance to the United States, on account of the scarcity of exchange. In politics, matters were more quiet than usual. The claim of the firm ot Ladd & Co., American merchants, against the Sandwich Island government, for $378,000, for alleged breach of contract, &c. was still unsettled. This suit had excited much interest and feeling in the community, as its successful result seemed to offer to the creditors of that firm the only pros- pect of their being able to meet their liabilities, which amounted to about $200,000. The Sand- wich Island mission was a creditor to a large amount. The government had.undertaken and comple- ted many works of internalimprovement. Lead pipes had been laid froma stream in the Pauoa valley, back of the town, leading to a reservoir on one of the wharves, for the supply of fresh water to the shipping, which has long been a de- sideratum. The Brutus watered at this reser- voir, and the water has proved to be excellent. The two streams crossing the road to Numanee valley, has been spanned by substantial arched stone bridges. Stone wharves and piers were in process of erection, and a new stone custom ouse and court house were being built by the goveroment. % r Capt. Griswold, of the American whale ship Audley Clarke, committed suicide, by cutting his throat, in a fit of Semiperery insanity, on Sun- day, October 24th, and died the Sunday follow- ing. His remains were followed to their place of interment, in the Numanee cemetery, by the shipmasters in port, and many of the residents, the flags of the shipping being displayed at half- mast on the occasion. ‘The temperance cause seems to be firmly ad- vancing at Oahu. Five yeurs since, it was deemed an almost hopeless undertaking to or- ganize a temperance society at Honolulu. Now, in addition to the Oahu Temperance Society, which numbers about 70 members, and sup- portsa monthly paper, the Oahu-Fountain, very creditably, a new. society has been organize é called the Mechanics’ and *‘Workingmen’s Wash- ingtonian Total Abstinence Society,” which pro- mises to have a very beneficial influence on that class of residents. A theatre has been opened at Honolulu, at which no performers are admitted, unless they are ‘total abstinence” men. c The following table will show the increase of Hawaiian vessels, within five years:— In 1843, 10 vessels, 446 tons, value $27,400 Ye « 775 © "41000 29“ 4595 78'8C0 65“ 9070 * 108,000 med by naiives, and 32 by whites. The Polynesian, of Sept. 11, 1947, states that two officers of the United States ship Cyane, Dr. Maxwell and Mr. Miller, have leased of the go- vernment 100 acres of land, onHawaii, for a cotlee pret and hopes that other foreigners will e found to follow their example. The American whaleship A. H. Howland, Capt. Walker, sailed from Honolulu, Oct. 23d, for New Bedford, having as passengers Rev. C. Forbes and family, Mrs. Dibble and family, and Master Emerson, all of the American mission at the Sandwich Islands. jan, September 18.) atk fleet of whalers rds of fifty ships are reported as having dor There bi been several severe shocks of earthquakes 5 rn supposed to have frightened the whal feeding grounds. The ships that ha’ thus far, have averaged good fares for the reason. Counterreit Coin. —Abundan and baif dollars of date 1930, coa: circulation in town. They hev The public should be on their them. They have been brought to few weeks. The Rev. Mr. Richards died at Honolulu on the 7th November, 1847, after an illness of three months. He had for several years been ® missionsry, and latterly Superintendent of the Board of Educatien. Died, on board ship Brutus, on 27th May, 1647, at San Francisco, California, of liver complaint, James Wilson. INTELLIGENCE FROM Brazi.—We are in the receipt of the Mercantile Journal, published at Rio de Janeiro, of the 28th of January. It con- tains nothing but commercial information, of which we annex a few extracts :— [From the Rio Mercantile Journal, Jan. 28 ] Activity was, occasionally, manifested in the various markets during the year, but the amount of business slow that of taken altogether, the re- sult was by no means satisfactory. Imports were, with iew exceptions, excessi natural, if not almost inevitable, conse” Trade in those articles with which the mar! supplied, became, in a measure, forced ; prices declined, and credits previously unreasonably extended, were still further materially increased. Exports, inas faras regards ths primary article of e unprecedentedly extensi ut ad. may otherwise have bee: this increase of production and export, was completely neutralized by the very low prices which ruled, more particularly during the full of the crop season. The only legislative enactment, of the past sessions, diately connected with commeroe, was the decree f lst October last, by which it was determined, that, on and after Ist July, 1448, the tonnage dues on foreign vessels, and the duties on merchandize imported into Brasil in foreign yeaeels, ‘and cleared for home consump- jon, be inore: at P “Sie from the additional 33's, the vessels of such nations as admit Brazilien vessels into their ports upon the same terms, with reference to all ry descrip- argen, a6 national vessels = Red id cb ted in the vessela of such rol por ive the produce of Brazil in Brazilian notions se, seeetye votes sof duty as if imported in the ive 8 al facility with which money was obtained ‘the year, i6,in our opinion, to be traced to fact that the Treasury wants were more moderate t in previous years, and to the effects of the currency bill, whioh came into operation on the lst January. By meace of this bill, an addition, or rather, an auxiliary, to the ciroulating medium was created. Gold and sil- yer ooin, of certain descriptions, haying become legal tenders, were used as the menns of interchange, snd thus formed part of the ciroulating medium, which was consequently increased, to the extent that the legal ten- der coin had currency. ‘To this extent, then, has the measure been useful; put the service has not been without alloy, in the trouble by making and recsiviog payments in spe- ination, and weighing, aud re-examina- contiderabls time, and y luaividuals, but also is, at times, to the pre- judioe of th for whenever the legal ‘tender ooin could be purchased at a fraction below the deolared value, the opportunity was not jost, and this was of frequent occurrence during the yei indi.