The New York Herald Newspaper, March 5, 1848, Page 1

——— ee Whole Fo. 5(30, — NEW Y meemaementastiliess 1848. ORK, SUNDAY MORNING, MARCH 5, Werald Forelgn Correspondence. Liverroot, Jan. 30, 1848. Things in General—Excitement Produced by the Duke of Wellington's Letters on the National Defence—The Church Excitement—The Church Question— The Coast Defences—Mectings to Re- duce the Duties on Tea, Sugar, $e.—Lavwless Conduct of the “‘ Navvies”—Death of the Earl of Powis—of the King of Denmark—The Jew Ques- tion in the Upper House in Danger from the Bish- ops~ Dr. McHale's Answer to the Earl of Shrewabury’s Letler—The Repeal Association in Dublin—The United Irishmen—Condition of Ire- land, §e.,§¢- . Ifa stranger were to judge of the condition of publi¢ affairs in these realms by the articles and annenncements which appear, from time to time, in the public journals, he would almost imagine that Great Britain was at present undergoing a complete revolution in its political, civil, and ec- clesiastical aspects. The excitement attendant upon the publication of the letters of the * Iron Duke,” Lord Ellesmere, and others, with regard tothe national detences, had barely subsided, when the noise and din of warfare, were heard in thé church militant; and so eerious has the struggle in this quarter become, that many of those who, in former years, would have been nerving themselves by this time for the senatorial conflict which commences in a fortnight or so, are intensely looking at the struggle in the ueen’s Bench, #8 it lite and death hung on theis- s:e; and, perhaps, not without reason. A ques- tion—involving in its train so many and so im- portant consequences to the established church —has, perhaps, never before, certainly not in the bdigee century, been originated or discussed.— ‘a my last letter Inoticed the confirmation of the Bishop of Hereford on the 8th instant. On the 14th, Sir F. Kelly applied for a mandamus to re- straia the Archbishop of Canterbury from the act ofconsecration ; and on that occasion he obtained a rule to show cause. The case was resumed in extenso on the 24th inst, since which time it tinued trom day to day to ‘drag its slow length along.” The arguments, pro. et con., have been concluded, but no decision has been given. It will be announced on the Ist proximo. It is confidently expected by the Puseyite uae who, in this ease, are the real opposers to Dr. Hamp- den, that the rule willbe made absolute. A ques- tion then arises—** What will be the next step ?” Wu the Premier withdraw his favorite, and thus give a triumph to the popish party in the church? or will he Peconumdtia her Majesty to persist in perfecting the appointment, and brave the conse- quences? It is generally supposed the latter course will, if necessary, be adopted. Poor Dr. Howley, the primate, is in a considerable fix in the maiter. If the rule be made absolute, he will not, it is to be presumed, dare to show contempt ofthe court by refusing to obey their injunction; if he consecrate not within twenty days from the period of confirmation, (which time expired yes- terday) the act of Henry VIII. arms the Premier with the power of issuing a premunire against him—resistance to which involves, | believe, as certain and has heavy punishment, as disobedi- ence to the Queen’s Bench. ‘ Under -Wwhich King, Bezonian?” his Grace may now inquire; but in vain will he wait fora satisfactory repiy.— “Between two creepies,” an old saying runs, “men must come to the ground.” And it may be, that amidst the glorifications and exul- tatiuns of *the Jesuits, within and without the church, and the sneers’and contempt of dis- senters throughout the kingdom, the fail of this meek aud Jowly (though not impoverished) successor ofthe apostles, will but predicate the more signal, complete, and not far distant pros- tration of that princely establishment ot which he is at once the head and ormament. To fur- ther the object, the Anti-Church and State Con- ference is working vigorously, and, in most 1n- stances, effectually, as far 2s concerns the get- ting up expressions of popular feeling previous to the assembling of Parliament. 4 Although the defence of the coast and nation ost lost its interest on this side of the channel, and is only brought before our attention by an occasional sally from our facetious friend Punch, it seems to have taken the bull by the horns completely in France, the journals and popu ace there having called for new fortifica- tusns at Havre and elsewhere on the coast. It appears, that very lately, several French engineers and soldiers have been at Alderney, in the chennel, reconnoitring. What his grace of Apsiey House may think of the latter circum- stance will uot probably transpire until the meet- ing ot Parliament, when, no doubt, a solution of the puzzle “why his grace and others had mooted the subject at all,” will appear in en increase ot the army or navy, or 4 re- embodying of the militia—something, in short, which will enable the nobility and higher classes of England to provide berths wherein to stow away some of the useless lumber of their fumilies. Whatever chances of the lion’s pick- ings tney may have had hitherto in the church (aud these were neither ‘* few nor far between”) it is evident, from late appearances, that they are now gone—quite gone—and the little morsel of hope thrown out by the whigs since Welling- ton’s letter appeared, in the shape of some addi- tional corps of artillery, instead of satisfying, has only given a relish for more aggrandisement. Meantime, the people of England are begianing to look to, themselves. Whilst the Waterloo watchman is Jistening most anxiously and atten tively tor the first crow of the * Gallic cock,” thereupon to rouse Britons from their thirty yeurs’ slumber; whilst Harry of Exeter holds his inkbottle clenched in haud, Jike another Luther, prepared atany moment te fling it at the head ot the neretodox spirit, should he nave the courage to reappear after the present legal ordeal; whilst even John O’Connell 1s waiting patiently for « convenient opportunity of contributing to the peace and prosp-rity#of his beloved father- land, by dying easy in its behalf on the floor of aa ‘alien’ Houses of Gommons— John Bull is endeavoring, honestly, fearlessly, and perseveringly, to maintain, as tar cs in hin lies, the firet law of nature—self-preservation, by demanding the abolition of the tea and rum duties, aud by opposing the contemplated re- sumption of the sliding scale, the increase of the income tax, and the renewal of the duty on fo- reign and slave grown sugar. Meetings have been held for these purposes, also against the inerease of the army or navy, in tayor of the abolition of capital punishment, and of sanatory retorm. These have taken place in the larger cities and towns of the empire, and although, in many instances, numerously attended by men of «il classes and shades of polities, resolutions in sccordance with the several objects in view have been unanimously passed with acclamation fhe entire tendency of the age, in England, is progressive, and [ may quote the words of one of the foremost progressistas,@r. Mackay : “Phere’s 9 good time ooming, boys, A good time coming.” The state of trade is considerably improved, ow- {ng to the partial restoration of contidence, and to luige quantities of specie having arrived from America and elsewhere. There have not been any considerable failuresot late in England,and things are looking much better in the manufacturing districts. On the whole, prospects are cheering. Indeed, the only exception seems to be in an ar- ticle of modern importation, and consequent upon the progress ot railway enterprise. It is well known, that in that immense army who own George Hudson as king, there is a certain class called “navyies”—(not the best conducted people, even in the best of times);—so long as railways and railway speculation bad the steam up and were going ahead, these fellows were neglécted and teft unattended to. Now, when the machine is at a stand still, they must be do- ing a little for themselves, though it should be, betimes, greatly to the inconvenience of others. Ample proof of this has been lately afforded in Manchester, Liverpool, &c., where they have in the most cool und daring manner helped them- selves to the spare casn of several gentlemen, who either were unable or afraid to resist them. Itis high time king George was traming a coer- cion bill for his subjects. The death of Mr, D'Israeli, the celebrated author of ** Curiosities of Literature,” and still more celebrated, perhaps, from being the author of that most interesting curiosity, ‘* Young Ben of Bucks,” Ga Yori inves advocate, has oc- casioned a void in the literary world, which I am atraid Waldo Emerson, who, without the aid of chloroform or mesmerism, is sending us all asleep in this country, will hardly fill up. The Earl of Powis, a zealous friend of the es- tablished church here, famous for his energetic and snecess{ul opposition to the consolidation of the sees of Bangor and St. Asaph, and more lately trom his deteat in the contest with Prince Aibert tor the Chancellorship of Cambridge Uni- versity, has beea finally and fatally worsted in the last dread conflict with our universal enemy. Whilet out fowling lately with his two sons, he Re Tg a ae dae Roe RII SR eat arena SA ace ay A aig PN IAIN i cE A aA Re ac SD a aS AR as = A i a a ae A Sd Soe et SS Se eee le eS 2 a ee a oe Se was shot accidentally by the younger, and died s00n alter. News has just reached of the death of the King of Denmark, Christian XVIU. | i Speaking of Prince Albert, 4 rumor is abroad of his laboring at present in consumption, and ofa celebrated physician having,in consequence, been sent for to the continent. The Times pro- nounces this, and other rumors of a ‘court’ in- terest, ‘mere gossip.” Itis possible the story may have been mooted to excite the sympathy of the rate payers of Windsor, who complain loudly of the nonpayment of his highness’s por- tion of poer-rates, and amongst whom, owing to his niggardly disposition, he 1s about as creat a favorite as is Baron Rothschild with the bench of bishops. ss i Poor Rothschild! he is ‘ mier’s stumbling blocks. There is yeta doubt that, notwithstanding all the enlightenment of the nineteenth century, their mitred lordships will decide the question of the removal of the Jewish disabilities in the Upper House, by re- jecting the meveure introduced by the Premier, in which case we will likely have a genera! election. _ ' Bishops in geaeral are a meddling class of peowle, and if there be heights, or rather depths, 1a their officiousness, John of Tuam has decei- dedly reached them He beats, dead hollow, the “dove of Elphin” (Dr. Brown), the * ra- ven of d@erry” (Dr. Maginn), the ‘lamb of Meath,” (Dr. Cantwell m of Ardagh (Dr Higgins), Archdeacon ffan, Father MeDer- mott, and the whole tribe! Aye, even Philpotts tumself, by a long chalk. And if at any time more than another, 1t is impossible for Herod to out Herod himself, ‘the lion of the fold of Ju- dah ” has done so in his reply to Lord Shrewe- bury. Itoceupies nine mortal columns of the Weekly Freeman, and for biting irony, elo- quence, thundering, and almost excommuni- caLary, fulminations, is as yet unsurpassed even by the choicest of his Grace’s former pro- ductions. In fact, every topic is taken up but the one alluded to in the Eari’s letters; and lest tne growlof the hierarchical animal should not cause a speedy enough retreat of the noble ranger back to his Alton Towers, whole posses of the minor whelps and cubs have rushed from the demesnes of Westport, Boyle, Claremorris and Killala, and are eagerly snuffing the air in the expectation of the game, part of which, how- ever, no doubt, will be claimed by John, of Con- ciliation Hall, as a reward for his share in the yelping. John’s cat-call would no doubt have been much louder, had not his parental affection a stronger and more paramount demand on his attention. For—* tell it not in Gath, publish 1t not in Aske- lon” -the Mayor of Dublin—the Mayor of repeal Dublin—the repeal Mayor of repeal Dublin—at his inauguration dinner, at which were present the “alien” Viceroy of the island and all the authorities—this man, who owed all the “ blush- ing” honors he that night sustained, to the Live- rator, neglected to give his benetactor’s memory. Such an omission was unpardonable ; and his lordship came in for some severe castigations from the Repeal Association and the Corpo- ration ; however, he has redeemed his con- duct with the Corporation, to a certain extent by apologizing, on the score of accidenta omission ; and five pounds will. settle the matter as far as Conciliation Hall is concerned. Some of his lordship’s friends, however, indis- creetly hinted that at the last civic feast, Mr O°- Connell’s health had been omitted. This was more than the Ex-Mayor, Mr. Staunton, could have been expected to endure, and he therefore gave it a flat contradiction. Had it not been for this colloquy, the world would have remained in ignorance of this fact—all important though it be—for Michael is one of those retiring men who betimes “Do good by stealth, and blush to find it feme.”? However, as it was, the discussion was usefu' ontwo grounds. In the first instance, the expla~ nation afforded by Mr. Staunton gave hima great” er claim on the confidence of the municipal elec- tors of his ward, and also on the support of the subscribers to the Register; and in the second in- stence, it furnished John O’Connell with at least one topic where withto diversify the interest,and occupy the almost entire time,of two meetings of the association. Had it not been that the sub- ject opportuaely turned up, he would have again felt the renewal of his old complaint. “ A want of ecoupation is not rest ; A mind quite vacant {sa mind distress’d.” John, by the by, is about to give a suka to England, having been invited by Count Mon- talembert to a dinner in Paris, on the occa- sion of the oration to his father’s memory, in February. The rent for each ot the late weeks in the aseociation has been above £100. The next steamer will probably bring youa new importation from this country—a complete rara avis—a united Irishman. This singular pro- duction is an offshoot from the Nation, but ditters from branches in general, inasmuch as its roots will strike deeper inthe soil than the parent stem. Seriously, the young Irelanders mean something when they fall out amongst them- selves. There are no bottles of smoke with taem; they have a spice of the Scotch in them, (pardon the comparison to ‘aliens.”) John Mitchel! and Devin Reilly have not yet parted company with Gavan Duffy. They are deter- mined to act cotemporaneously with him in the field of repeal, and feeling that the Nation is lag- ging in the good work, they have pui a shoulder to the wheel, which receives ita new impetus on Saturday week. The United Irishman is to be a thorough-ultra-physical-iorce-and-no-mistake- repeal-go-a-head-journal, advocating the right of every man to carry arms, and also to know how and when to use them. Aiphapet Smith, were he now attorney general, would have work cut out for him, aod the caetle gate: would probably re- ceive their oil for o her purposes than permitting carri#ges and valets to pass backwards and for- wards without ceasing, as they did on Wednee- day last. We are truly anomalous beings! Who would imagine that yon “ Vain man, drosred in a little brief authority,” who to-night mingles, it may be, in the mazy dance, aod enjoys himself and dispenses pleasure all around him,woula be found next morning, as if the night scenes had been dreams, dispensing warrants of death, aud hurrying fellow mortale, pleasureless, at the best, in this world, into the presence of that Maker before whom he may, at no distant period, perhaps as soon as they, be called wpon in judgment? Yet so it is; and whether the Viceroy ot Ireland has actually despatched the warrants or no, certain it is, eleven unfortunate mea have been left for execu- tion by the judges at the commissions at Ennis and Limerick, while above thirty have b en transporied. And this has been the entire positive fruits resulting from that sitting of Par- liameat in November and December, which had been looked forward to with much anxiety by those who naturally expected that, whilst the political rights of Jews were insisted on, the in- alieaable right of Christian subjects and fellow men to a support from the soil they lived ot starved upon, would not be forgotton. The negative results arising from that part of the session already past, ig seen in the agitation for an adjustment of the law between landlord and enant, Which is still being greatly agitated throughout Ireland, and in, tue horrifying and heart-rending details of destitution, disease, and death, filling the journals of the south and west. The government have done, will do, nothing ; and severe as were the sufferings of the past notwithstanding the liberality ot America an England, and gioomy the reminiscence of those sutterings, | believe there is yet a greater trial to come, and that no effort will be put forth to stay the avenger, until, perhaps, the dread of conta- gion, which will spare uor rich nor poor, will compel the cold and clenched hand of political trafficers in their fellows’ blood to relax, and unloose their long-hoarded and almost rotten bounties. i ee ‘Thése paragons of whig fashioning—the poor law commissioners — are managing things so cleverly in Ireland that almost one-sixth of the unions have had their guardians dissolved, and paid ones appointed in their places, and this not- withstanding that there is scarcely an union inthe country out of debt. What their motives may be it is hard to divine, although some people are ready to draw some shrewd inferences about so many paid offices being created. Should the English militia not be enrolled, or some expe- dient be devised to make room for the overplus and unprovided scions of the aristocracy, if they would but lower their pretensioas a trifle, these places might suit them. It would also be useful ia causing a commixture of the Celtic and Saxon blood, and disseminating the business habits so peculiarly the characteristic of the Eng! eh arie- tocracy, ainongst the finest “ pisantry’ of the world. Buta truce to thisbandying. ‘Che pros- pects of Lreland are blesk, cheerless and discon- solate. There may be hope in a quarter and ata time we dream not now of Be 4 As Sane “ i the disi , long look forward, an ee another of the Pre- Lisnox, Jan 12, 1848. Port of Lisbon—Climate—Interesting Description of Lisbon—Internal Policy of Portugal—FE ffects of Bad Government—Commerce—A griculture— Habits of the Portuguese—The Earthquake, §c- Lisbon, viewed from the river, is one of the most beautiful cities of the world. It is built on the northern bank of the Tagus, on three gently sloping hills; and its domes, turrets and roofs, rising in rows above each other, like the seats in a vast amphitheatre, give it an elegant and imposing appearance. The river, from its mouth to the city, is of immense width, and can give shelter and anchorage to the fleets of the world. Owing to this advantage the harbor is splendid, and so formed by its position that ships of the largest class can enter or depart without being towed, for the wind and tide permit either object. This port was once the crowded mart of the Brazils and Indies, and no colonia! pro- duce could be exported buttrom here. While this system lasted, Lisbon rivalled London. But now the scene is changed; her commercial greatness is gone, and the few vessels engaged in trade can evsily be counted, The climate ot Lisbon is delightful; for months we have the same clear blue sky, and not a pase ing cloud darkens it; a gentle breeze is con- stantly blowing across the river, and as the city rises above it, it freely circulates through the streets. In the evening the breeze becomes cooler, and with the rich light of the setting sun we admire the beauties of the noble Tagus. Its banks, however, have not the rich, wild, luxu- rinnt verdure of those of the Mississippi; but vie wed from Buenos Ayres, there are many spots of charming beanty ; the scene is rich, mild and elegant; for it, is the land of the orange, the olive and the vine. In the terrible earthquake of 1755, the part of the city bordering the river was nearly ell d stroyed. Churches, convents and honses were scattered by itz force x9 chaff before the wind ; and the thousands crushed beneath the ruins, were washed, with the shipping, which parted iis anchors, one against the other. Thousands, to avoid being crusned by falling buildings, took re{nge on the quays; but the Tagus rose rapidly and with great force—the quays were overturn- ed, and the thousands on them drowned. The part of the city destroyed was the most densely populated quarter, and the number said to have perished varies {rom ten to thirty thousand. No definite return has ever been made; but the high- est estimate is not beyond the probability of truth. This event occurred on the testival ef All Saints’ Day; the churches were thronged ; and, even now, we may dread to allude to the appa!- ling shrieks of the victims crushed by the falling of their massive walls. This part of the city hus since been rebuilt. The houses are of stone, co- lored white or yellow; the mason work is builtin wooden frames, 80 4s to Rivethe buildings an elasticity to resist future shocks. The style is uniform, and very substantial. All the houses have baléonies, which are always more or less occnpied by owners, of jet black eyes, for the ladies seldom go out. They spend their time in these aerial boudoirs, reading or sewing, or keeping a watchtul ey@ on waytarers. The only objection to this arrangement is that the dark- eyed ones can see withcut being seen. Tne lower part of the capital is well paved, and tolerably clean. The arsenal, the custom house, the exchange, the Ministerial buldinge, and Black Horse square, are situated here. In- tersecting these, and running back into the city, to the theatres, and to the io, a beautiful public garden, are several well built, level streets, the houses in uniform style, and their balconies always more or less occupied. The rest of the city is hilly and extremely filthy—narrow lanes that seem as if they were never swept, yield nameless odors, and the yelling of miserable dogs, and the importunities of beggars, almost sicken the stranger. Here begging isa trade, and those having a striking detormity, or a loathsome disease, havea source of income. The able-bodied heggurs, however, are far more annoying, for they solicit with an obstinacy that will not take a refusal, and if youdo not give them ea they send children to torment you. On the seaward suburb of the city rise the hills, which, irom the delightful breezes toat constantly prevail there, are called Buenos Ayres. ‘This quarter is occupied by the ministers ot foreign powers, and their respective arms are over the entrances to their houses. How my thoughts turn homewards, for I see the American eagle, looking boid, proud, and vigorous, as if it knew that its children had con- quered on the plains of Mexico—those glorious victories which have astonished Burope. The arms of the United States are over the residence | of Mr. Reneher, our chargé. Every Americen who may stray this way, 1s eure of a warm wel- come to his house, and his amiable and accom- plished lady will make the stranger feel himself at home. The children speak fluently several languages, and it is amusing to see three little creatures discussing in a foreign tongue the means of getting a cake or a lump of sugar. The country, notwithstanding its natural ad- vantages, is wretchedly poor; the resources and finances, owing to wars and revolutions, are in the most neglected condition. The interest on the public debt, the salaries of public offices, and even the wages of the laborers, are not regu- iT id, or when patd, it is one-third in de- preciated bank paper. The roads to the 1uterior are bad, and transport oa them Jor a short distance is more expensive than sending the same goods to America. The duti:s on im- ports even of ne-essary articies are enormous, and soap and tobacco are monopolies, which charge for the most inferior articles, exorbi- tant prices, But notwithstanding her present po- sition, Portugal has yet the means of becoming an influenual nation. Of the immense posses- sions she once hed in his fA of the globe, there yet remains sufficient, if uader an able and energetic administration, to give her an impor- tent place among maratime powers. Lisbon is admirably situated for a tree port, and the nation- al wealth might be greatly increased by abolish- ing the tariff. The country is ruined by its re- strictive laws, and the scarcity of precious me- tals yearly increasing, shows that capital must be taken cons the country, instead ot its produc- tions. On both there are export duties. Were the tariff abolished, the activity it would pro- duce in many branches of business, would yield more revenue thancan be collected under the present system. Portugal, however, in c.m- mercial mutters, is centuries behind the age, and is behiad itself, compared with what it was three centuries ago. Then its king and ministry were the most enlightened, and its hardy mariners were tue first to show to Europe the route to [n- dia, and to commercial greatness. The country has not kept pace with the march ot imorovement, and the people seem wed- ded to their ancient customs. Here every thing is done in the most primitive manner, and no persuasion or inducement can produce a change. In the country, ogriculture is carried on with rude, unwieldy instruments, and the consequence is that ae the soil is not properly as- sisted by acience or art, its produce 1s inferior to what might be had unaer 4 better system. Pro- prictors have introduced improved implements, and have offered rewards tor their use, but the peasantry would not work them, or they took the first occasion they got to destroy them; not from any fear of reducing their wages, because the soil yielding better enabled the land- owner to pay better, but because they wished to do things as their fathers had done for centu- ries before them. These prejudices are not con- fined to the country people. In this ctty, with a population of three hundred thousand---the ca- pital and principal seaport of the kingdom—the laboring classes are as much opposed tu improve- ment as their brethrea in the interior. In a port of the importance that Lisbon once had, we might suppose that commerce would have intro- duced some means of accelerating ite operations; but such has not beenthe case. Here there 15 not a cart or dray for the transport of merchan- dize in the city; at the eustom house there may be a _ wheel-barrow, or «# truck, but the heavy burthene that else- where are considered loads for horses, are carried by men, on poles across their shoulders, from which, with ropes, the article is sus- pended. It is sometimes a box of sugar, weigh- ing nearly aton, ora pipe of wine, weightog nearly half a to: The height of the men is often very unequi and this, with the jolting over a rough road, throws the weight unequally against the necks of the smaller men. Jt is often a painful sight to witness this operation—some- times I have feared that their heads would be jerked, off their shoulders, or their eyes burst from their socke' T have seen their faces pur- ple from over exertion, and have heard the pant- ing breath as if their loads were crushing their hearte. This severe trial procures them but « a meagre diet of fish and fruit. But you cannot chenge their habits; were you to get them even carts, they would not use them. Lisbon, with a few changes, would be a most detighitul residence, for the people are hos- pitable and kind hearted. But Tieave this topic, with several others, for my next letter. Adieu! Cincinnati, Feb. 26, 1848. Close of the Catholic Fair—The 22d in Cincinnati —Great Taylor Meeting—Melancholy Death Srom Chloroform ——Amusementsa—— Kentucky Whig Convention, §c. §c. The Catholic fair, mentioned in my last letter, closed on Monday night, with a grand soirée, at the Melodeon. Tickets were sold at one dollar egeh, and seven hundred were taken in by the door-keeper. How many were sold and unused Ido not know; but 1 suppose the proceeds of the entertainment were not less than one thousand dollars. ‘Che number of ladiee present was large, - bat rather ‘*mixed.” I noticed many beautiful id well-dressed ladies in the dance; but by their ide were the rough, yet honest, faces of Erin’s uvhters, and the flaxen-haired, blooming idens of Holland. Everything, however, was Sadicted with strict propriety; all present seem. ed to be delighted. ce © Take it all in all,” the “22d in Cincianati” wasaglorious day. In the afternoon, the na- tive Aimericans had a procession, which num- bered, I think, about two hundred persons — After marching through several of the princi- pal streets, to the great delight of the crowds of little boys, and those children, of a larger ar. yclept men, they repaired to College all, which was densely crowded with ladies and gentlemen, assembled to witness the pro- eeedings. These consisted of a prayer, by Rev C. B. Parson, mgs, Uy. the Cincinnati brass d, selections from Washington Farewell Ad- ress, and an oration by Dr. J. F. White, late of Philadephia. The oration was well enough for the occasion; but I am inclined to the opinion, that the doctor’s platform is too narrow for the expansive mind and progressive spirit of young America. 2 it In the srventae there were two brilliant balls s-one at the Melodeon, complimentary to W. F. Richards, a ‘‘youth” of seventy-four, who is familiarly known here as ‘‘ Uncle Dick,”’and an- ch Ga at the Assembly Rooms, given by Mr. ite. But the great feature of the day was the Taylor mass meeting at the Court House. At an early hour in the evening, that capacious edifice was crowded to overflowing. Hundreds went away, unable to get into the house. Hon. N.G. Pendleton presided, assisted by sixteen vice-pre- sidents. The committee appointed at the pre- vious meeting, reported a series of resolutions nominating*Old Zack”for the Presidency ,which were adopted by aeclamation. In these resolutions will be seen another triumph of the no-party doctrine—not the least allusion being made, ia them to either whiggery or lecofoco- ism. The meetiog was addressed by the Pre- sident, J. N. Taylor, Esq ,and Mr. H. B. Brown, of the Chronicle. The pete enthusiasm pre- vailed, and the crowd dispersed with three eheersfor the “Hero of Buena Vista.” 4 A most melancholy circumstance occurred in this city on Wednesday last—one that makes me shudder while I record it. Mrs. Simmons, a most worthy lady, and who was in the bloom of jite and health, went to Dr. Merid:th’s dental office on Sixth street, to have several teeth ex- CODE AN ACT ule To Simplify and Abridge the Practice, P} ings, and Proceedings of the Courts tate, [continurp ] CHAPTER II. Ls TO THE COURT OF APPEALS. sppeal may be taken to the court of ep- peain, in the cases mentioned in seotion 11. Seo. 283 To render an appeal effectual for any pur- pose, a written undertaking miust be executed, on t! part of the appellant, by at least two sureties. to the eff-ot, that the appellant will pay all costs and damages which may be awarded against him on the appeal, not exceeding two hundred and fifty dollars; or that sum munt be deposited with the clerk, with whom the jndg- ment or order was entered, to abide the event of the appeal Seo, 234, If the appeal be from a judrment directing the payment of money, it shall not atay the execution of the judgment, unless a writteo undertaking be executed on the part of the appellant, by at least two nureties, to the effet, that if the judginent appealed from, or any part thereof, be afflemed, the appellant will pay the amount directed to be paid by the judgment, or tha part of such amount as to which the judgment shall bn af- firmed, if it be efflrmed oply in part, and all damager which shall be awarded against the appellant, upon the appeal. Fee, 265. If the jadament appealed from direot the ae- signment or delivery of documents, or personal pro- perty, the exeoution of tbe judgment shall not bs stayed y appeal unlees the things required to be assigned or delivered be brought into court, or placed in the custocy of euch officer or receiver a the court sball appoint. of utiles 3n und-rtaking be entered into, on tha part ot the appellant, by at least two sureties, and ia such amount ‘as the court sball direct, to the effect that the «pprilant will obey the order of the appelate court, upon tho appeal. Seo 26. Ifthe judgment appealed from direct the execution of » conveyance or other instrument, the exe: eution of the jogment shall not be stayed by the appeal, until the instrument shall have heen executed and depo- tited with the clerk with whom the judgment is entered, to abide the judgment of the appellxte court. Seo. 287. if the judgment appealed from direct the sale or delivery q@pporeession of real property, the execution of the same shall not be etayed, unless a written under- tuking be executed on the purt of the appellant, with two sureties, to the effeot, that during the porsrseion of euch property by the appellant, he will not commit, or suffer to be aommitted, any waste thereon, and that if the judg ment be affirmed, he will pay the value of the use and occupation of the property, from the time of the apperi until the delivery of poesession thereof. pursuant to the Judgment, not exceeding a sum to be fixed by a Judge of the court by which judgment was rendered, and which shall be specified in the undertaking. When the judg- ment is for the sale of mortgaged premises, and the pay- ment of a deficiency arising upon th ail also provide for the peym: leno: Seo 288, Whenever an appesl shall be perfected, as provided by sections 284, 295, 286, and 287, it shal all farther proceedings in the court below, upon the judg- d from, or upon the matter embraced there- ‘court below may proceed upoa any ether in; butt matter Included in the action, and not affeoted by the Judgment appealed froma. Seo 289. The undertakings prescribed by sections 283, 284, 285, and 287, may be in one instrument or several, at the option of the appellant. Seo 290 An undertaking upon no effect, unless it be approved in t! peal shall be of firet instance by sy yppeal; and unless they or other sureties justify, before a judge of the court pelow or a county judge, as prescribed by sections 170 and 171, within ten duye thereaiter, the appeai shall be regarded as ifno undertaking had been given. ‘The justification shall be upon o notice of not leas than five days. Seo 291 In the cases not provided for in sections 284, 286, 296, 287 and 233, the perfecting ofan appeal. by giving the undertaking mentioned in seotion 283, shail stay proceedings in the court below, upon the jadgment appealed from, excer¢ that where it directs the sale of perishable property, the court below muy order the pro- perty to be sold, and the proceeds thereof to be deposit- tracted. Chloroform was administered to pro- duce insensibili-y, and the teeth ex'racted; but, alas! that insensibility is eternal. Just as the operation was closed, her head fell back, her body slid forward, and it was ut once seen that death had done his work. Her husband and two female friends were present, and witnessed the heart-rending scene. Prof. Mussey and other eminent physicians were called in, and every means resorted to which great inedical science and skill could suggest; but it was all in vain. post mortem examination bas been deferred, in consequence of her body yet retaining animal heat, two full days since she inhaled the chloro- form. It may be that life is not extinct, and that she will yet be restored to her heart-brokeu husband and weeping children. God grant it. Amusements have been quite lively during the past week. Chas. Dibdin Pitt has been playing to full houses at the National, and he appears to take well with our theatre-goers. Rockwell's circus draws crowds, and will continue to do so as long as the company remains, if it be till dooms-day. A circus ‘takes’ amazingly in this “Queen of the West.” At the whig State convention of Kentucky, which assembled at Frankfort last Tuesday, | ai assured by one of the delegates, and a very sensible man he is, too, Gen. Taylor had a de- cided majority in his favor for the Presidency, and nothing but a deep respect and unfading love entertained by the whigs of that State tor Mr. Clay, prevented them trom nominating “ Old Zack.” They did not wish to wound the feel- ings of “Old Harry,” and eo nenenny recom- mended both Mr. Clay and General Taylor as suitable candidates. ‘I'he two State delegates to the national convention—John A. McClung, Esq., brother to Colonel A. McClung, of Mis- sissippi, and Judge Campbell—are out and out Taylor men. The convention nominated Mr. Crittenden tor Governor, because the con- test between the two rival aspirants—Hon. W. J. Graves and Lieut. Gov, Dixon—had become so hot us to endanger the whiv cause in Ken- tucky, in the event of the nomination of either ot those gentiemen. Mr, Crittenden, I under- stand, wili accept the nomination, and resign his seat in the Senate at the close of the preseut ses- sion of Congress. The convention, I learn, was boisterous, and marked by no little ill feeling C. M. Clay figured conspicuously. He is a warm ‘Taylor man, After the convention was adjourned, a fight occurred between Lieut. Gov Dixon and Major Thos. Turner, of Richmond, Ky., at the break- fast table of the Weisiger House. Dixon charged that intrigue had been used to defeat his nomi- nation. ‘Turner replied, that if any had been used, it was by Dixon’s friends; which was fol- lowed by the lie and a blow from his ‘ excel- lency,” together with a ‘‘dance of the- dinner plates,” dla Signor Blitz. The difficulty was afterwards amicably agjusted. Who says the days of chivalry are gone? NotI. Western. Santa Teraasa, February 10, 1848. Affairs in the Valley af the Rio Grande. You will perceive by this that I have changed my location, aad very probably you will at once begin to look upona map to find the town of Santa Terraea, which I presume you will search in vain. Suffice it to say that it is nothing more , than acollection of ranches, ata good water- iug place on the San Fernando road, sixty miles from Matamoras, and at the juaction of several other roads from Salinas, Cadaretta and Linares, dat a pointat which the Mexican commi: sioners and guerillas have had their quarters more than a@ year, exacting tributes and taxes upon traders gving and coming from Matamoras. For the purpose’ of breaking up this business, Col. Davenport has stationed Capt. Duntlap’s company of cavalry here, and now the commu- nication is open to Matamoras, the Mss having retreated towards San Fernando, when they heard of the movements against them. ‘The Mexican citizens here are well pleased at the movement, aud now feel eecure in their per- sons edi They have, for years, been harrassed and annoyed by ladrones of their own country, who always exacted what they saw proper, without remugeration, and if the sutler- ers complained, their lives most generally paid the forfeit, the mext chance that offered. You can scarcely travel a mile throughout the whole department of ‘amaulapas without finding crosses erected to mark the spot where some one has been murdered. z ‘The more Lsee of Mexicans, and study their character, the more {fully am 1 impressed with the truth often advanced, thatthey are unworthy the country they hold. How strange thet where nature has strewn her choicest favors,there man- kind are corrupt and debased. ‘There cannot be found better soil than the country around here; yet a little corn is all that they attempt to cultt- vate. Cattle, horses, and mules constitute all the resources of the people. We are but filteea miles from the Gulf, and numerous salt lak The country abounds in all kinds of game, such ue deer, antelopes, tur- keys, and wild cat, and thousands of fish and oyaters are found in the lakes near the Gulf. Notwitstanding all these resources, the Mexi- can lives with lees comforts of life than the siaves of Louisiana and Miasissipp!. Ranorr | a ed or invested, to abide the jadgmvat of the appellate court, Seo. 292. The uidertaking must be filed with tho clerk, with whom the judgment or order appealed from was entered. CHAPTER Ill. APPEALS TO THE SUPKEME COURT PROM AN INFERIOR count Seo, 293. An appeal may be tAken to the rupremo court, from the judgment rendered by a county court, or by the mayors’ court of either of the cities of Albany, Hadton, Troy and Rochester, or by the recorders’ court of either of the cities of Buffalo and Utica. Seo. 294 Svourity must be given upom such appeal, in the same manner, and to the same extent, as upon an eppeal to the court of appeals. ‘Seo. 295. Appeals in the supreme court shall be heard at @ general term, either in the district embracing the county where the judgment or order appealed from was entered,or in @ county sdjoiniog that county, except that where the jadgment or order was entered in thy city and county of New York, the appeal shall be heard in the first district. Sec. 296. Waen the appeal is heard in a ovunty other than that where the judgment roll is Gled. the judg. ment upon the appeal shall be certified to the clerk eye the roll is filed, to be there entered and locke! CHAPTER Iv. IN THE SUPREMB COURT, AND THE SUPERIOR COURT AND COURT OF COMMON FLEAS OF THE CITY OF NEW YOKK, FROM A SINGLE JUDGE, To THE GENERAL TERM Sec. 297. In the supreme court, the superior court of the city of New York, and the court of common pleas for the clty aud county of New York, an appeal, upon either the inw or the fact, muy be taken to the general term, from # judgment given by asingle judge of the APPEAL! same court. Seourity must be given upon such appeal, in the same m ir af upon an appeal to the court of appeals. In ti jpreme court, the sppeal shall be heard in the same manner as if it were en appeal from an inferior court. Seo, 298 Upo facts ehall be tinal. See. 299 An appeal may in like manner, and within the same time, bs taken from au order made by a single judge o1 the same court, and may be thereupon reviewed, in the following cures : 1. When the order grants or refuses @ provisional such appeal, the deeision upon the remedy 2 When it involves the merits of ths action, or soma part thereof. Bat no apposl, under this section, shall be taken, un- lees a judge of the eupreme court certify, that, in his opinion, it fe proper tbat the question arising ou the appeal should be decided before tbe judgment Bec, 800. The lest section ehall inciude an order made out of court upon notice; bus in such case, the order murt be first entered with the clerk. And for the pur pore of an appeal, any party. affected by euch order, may require it to be entered with the clork, and it shail be entered accordingly. CHAPTER V. APPFAL TO THE SUPERIOR COURT OF THE CITY OF N. YORK, RTO A COUNTY COURT. FROM AN INFERION COURT viding for the ed by courts of j ie, by the marine court of the city of ‘New York, by the assistant justices’ courts in the city ot New York, by the muvicipal court of the city of Brooklyn, and by the justices’ courts of the cities of Albany, Troy and Ha in relation to such ie" the only mode of reviewing appeal. as prescribed by thischapter. Seo. 302, When the judgmentshall been rendered by the merine court ot the city of New York. o: assistant justice’s court in that city. the appes! to the superior court of the city «f New York rendered by any of the other courts enumerated lsat section, to the county court of the county where the jadgment was rendered Seo 303 The app-ilant shall, within twenty days efter the judement, make, or cause to be made, an »ffidavit stating the subsiance of the testimony and proceedings before the court below, and the grounds upon which the appeal is founded. . ‘Seo. 304. A copy of theafidavit shall, within the samo time, be served on the respondent, if he bea resident of the city or county,or ifhe be nots resident, on the at- torney or agent, if any, who appeared for him on the trial, or on tue justice; with » notice, stating that the appellant appeals from the judgement. and that the St will be heard by the appellate court, at « time and place therein designated, either in or ont of term; which copy and notice shall be verved at least six days befors the time for hearing the appeal. Seo. 305. If the appellant desire a stay of execution of the jadgment, he shail present the sMdavit tos judge of the appellaie court, who may, thereupon, in bis discre- tion, makean order (hat all proceedings on the jadg- ment be stayed. upon security being given, as provided in the next section. Seo 306. The security shall be a written undertaking, execut-d by one or more sufficient sureties, approved by the j udge making the order, or by the court below, to the effoot that if jadgment be rendered against th pellant, and exeoution thereon be returned unsati: » in whole cr in part, the sureties will pay the amount un- saticfed Sec 307. The delivery of the order and undertaking to the court belo stay the iseuing of execution; or if it have been jesued, the service of a eopy of tho order and undertakiug, certified by the court below, m the officer Lem | the execution, with payment of er prcosedings thereon ‘6, by reason of the death of a justice his removal from the sounty, or any une. the order to stayandthe undertaking on cannot be delivers to him, they sball be clerk of the appellate court, and notice jont. They shall, there me effect as if delivered to the justice, respondent may fcpply oF or misstatements therein, by ttorney, If thers be none, on the appelisnt, | ifany, who appeared for bim on the t one day before the tune for bearing the appeal Seo 310. The ppellate court shail proseed to hear the d place mentioned in the notice, ing may be adjourned, and may de- Savite; or ifthey be contr jve in material pointe, may order 9 affidavit and notice of appeal | th court below to make a return of the testimony and pro: * cordings before it, within ton daya alter the service of the order and affidavits, or of copies thereof. | See. 811. The court below eball, thereapon, withim | the time limited by the order, make a return to the ap- Pellate court, of the testimony, procsedh ment, and file the same, with the order an the appellate oourt; «nd may ba compelled to do so attachment. But no jostiovof the peace shall be to make a return, unless tha fee prercribed by the last seotion of this chapter, bo paid co service of the order. Seo 312. When & justice of the peace, by whom @ judgment appesled from waa rendered. rball have gone out of offloe before a return is ordered, be shall, never- theless, nake s return, inthe same manner, and with the like effect, ar if he were still in offlon, Seo 313, If the return be dofective.the appellate court may direct # further or amended return, as often ae may be ‘necessary, and may compel a compliance with ite order, by attachment [Yo be contiourd } City Intelligence. Tremenpovs Conrirackation ~A broke cut about 4 o'clock yesterday morning. in a cabinet 136 Mulberry street, cecuptrd by a Germ name we could not learn, whieh, toy with on hand, waa entirely destroyed. Thi mee communi- story bifck bulldin cated toa largn thre in the rear of No 119 Mott rtreet, belonging to Mr Dooly, which wes ocoupied by cine poor fawiies, the most of whom barely escaped with their liven, losing all their farnt- ture and clothing ‘Thera email insurance on the building, besides which there wna a los ainsil wooden building, rear of 134 Mott by two families, was alto destrored. ‘Two lerge siory and attic brick bousds.{o the rear of 123 Mott stroct, belonging to vir Young. wera entirely destroyed, together with the farnivura of two families who coow- pied the buildings. A two story frame house in the reer of No, 181 Hester street, belonging to Mrs Williams, wes destroyed Th asmall ingursace on this building. and the lo estimated at $700 two story frame buildings in the reer of Nos. 183 . belonging to Mr. Redman, were alto destroyed, but wolearm fully insured They were ocoupied by several families, who Jost ‘he whole of their furniture The whole lors, independent of the insurance, will pot ehortef $25.000 The right was indeed most fi:iable. More than one bundred persons were driven into the atreet, with scarce a sufficiency of clothing to cover them Mothers were shrieking and running in every direction. ia search cf ‘heir children, some of whom were in the burvirg buildingr. One 8 per- fectly trantio; and on being waked what sho ed, said that her little boy oaly four months old, was atill in the house, end the ‘flames bad already taken hoid cf the room in which it was sleeping. A gentleman standiog by, heard her tule of woe, and rushed toward the room where the child Jay. but was repelled by the flame and smoke. Determined in his purpose to save the child, he made avother bold attempt, acd ascended the burning stairway, and econ returning. bore in bis arms to the distracted mother the child whom she had given up for lost In one of the other houses, @ fireman dis- covered @ very infrm and decrepid old man, who ws orying for helo, and unsbie to move from bis perilous position. With a magnanimity charaeteristic of his corps, he took the old man upon bis shoulder snd bore him in nafety to the street. Thirty or forty children were running in tho street, with scarce a shirt to rhelter thom from ihe cold. and without shoes, searoh- ing in vain for nome place.gg shelter, and in mapy cases without « paternal hand to lead them. The scene was truly appalling; suctta ong has not been witnessed for years in tuis city. Many of those who were thus tbrown, in an hour, us it were, upon the world, without clothing, and without a home, hovered in small groups eround the ruins, that they might thereby keep warm until morning ; not knowing then where they should fly for succor. All the earnings of years which hed been laid out im the purchase of a rufficienoy of furniture, were in an hour swept away by the besom of destruction. The fire broke out in a place which was crowded with build- ings, and but for the great and untiring exertions of the firemen and eitizene, it is more than probable the whole block would have been destroyed. It is said to have originated through the carelessness of a night ecagen- ger, who left a cendle buruing egainst the tide of the cabinet shop, whioh first took fire. Asornen Conriacaat Ine Man Buanen ro Deatn.—A firs broke out dey morning, in a three story brick building in ‘Thirty- fist street, near Seventh avecus, which was entirely destroyed, together with its contents A from old age and infirmity, was unable to ti burning building, perished in the flemes houses adjoining were also destroyed ‘T'ne three b ail !- ings were occupied by a number of German famt.':4, whore furniture was entirely destroyed. The houses, it is said, were partially insured. The Wearnen.—Tho woather, for the most of the day yesterday, wan delightful. The sun rose in a cloud- Jona aky, And pursued his course unobstructed, even by a floating cloud, until ho sunk bebind the western hori- zow. The warmth ot the sun eimost entirely re- moved the snow fiom the streets, which were render- ed very disagreeable for travcling Towards evening the air became quice cold, aud the streets were cover- ed with » hard crust. Thus far, March has truly proven ite fickleness of character; four days only hav pg passed, which brought more than as many changer. Tur Sipewaixs—Senious Accioent.—The sidewalks were yesterday morning in a most dangerous condition, from the dowa-trodden snow having become frozen, rendering them exceedingly hard to walk upon without danger to life and limb. An elderly lady, by the name of Mra Williams, residing in Second avenue, on step- ping offher stoop, cn her way tothe market, with her basket on her arm, slipped and fell upon th by which her right bip was disjointed She was imme- diately taken into her residence and a pbysicia: who, aiter a great deal of !abor, succeeded 11 it, though late yesterdey afternoon abe was still au! intense pain. it is thought that from her ¢ will, in ait probability, be maimed for life. Tue Remains or Ex-Parsipent Avame will arrive in this city on Wedaoesdsy. The Nations! Committee, consisting of cme thirty or forty gentlemen, have or- dered appropriate apartments at the Astor House. Canecesanes: veadeiaeres riding on horseback, in ‘Thompson street, on Friday afternoon, was run into the pole of a sleigh, driven most furiously, which ki his horse on th@ spot, and narrowly ercaped with hig own life. Sisighing is certainly, with some, avery pleas~ ursble amurement, but ti auy on Frida; driven at sach arate of speed, d the proper of- ficers been enabled to get hold of the drivers, they would have had to answer f t a» rate of more tham | five miles per bour, tl ed by the I A very spirited horse, let standing to arieigh in the Third ave nue, with no one in but alittie boy, took fright and ram off.’ Turning one of the cross etreeta, t inh wae up- setand the little fellow thrown into a bankof snow, whieb it is likely was the only thing that saved his life. Fin 1x Broowtyx—A fire broke out at 10 o’olock onFri- | day nighe, ia the dry goods siore of Mr. James Hubbard, | pi:uated at the corner of Main and Prospect streeta, which, together with his furniture, wae entirely con- sumed. His los to said to be nearly $20,100, upon which there wos an insurance in the Howard ¥ re {nsurence Co, of thie city, and the Kings County Ineurauce Co, tothe amount of $10,0\0 The house sdjoining, occupied by J. Melntosh, a8 @ tin and copper ware factory, wae very teriously damaged by water, h’s house having been com! Istely Hooded ‘i hia is aatd to be the most destruc- tive fire that has occurred in Brooklyn for several years. Mr Mubbard was out on @ sieigh ride, with bis family, at the time bis premises took fire, and was not aware of the fire until be returned and found it a heap of ruins. Ic is not yet known how the fire originated sttica the Question ae The Cincinatti Chronicle publishes the following let- ter from General Tr ylor, to his friend, Col Mitchell Ie will be roan by the date that it was written but twenty | days ain Baton Rocvs, La, Feb. 12, 1848. My Dear Colonel— Your very kind communication and the accompaying nemspaper, have duly reached General Taylor's Sei me. Io reply to the closing remarks of your letter, I have no tion in stating, as | have stated on former co- cxrions, that lam a whig, though not an r'tra o nd that ave no desive to conceal this fact from any por tion of the p of the United Sta I deem te but candid, howe if the whig party desire at the next presidential ion, to cast their votes for me, they must do it on their own responsibility, and without any pledges from me. Should | be elected to that offlce,I should deem it to be wy duty, and should mort certainly claim the right, to lo k to the constitution and the high interests of our | common country, and not to the principles of a party, ormy rules of action With my sincerest thanks for your expression of | bro Fen my best wishes Fd your maoeess throvgh life, | remain, very truly, your friend snd cbedien x4 vant Mert aia dt: Z. TAYLOR. Col. A. M. Mircnene, Claeinnati, Ohio. Miscellaneous. David Kennison, one of the survivors of th soem ay who made @ dish cf tea in Boston harbor, te 4 6 Chicago, Il, at the advanced ago of 114 yearn, His memory of the doings of the tha party aod of the events of the revolution ie still very dis\inet i re - A day or two ago, a man living on the northorm bor- der of te county, died of hydrophobdia. This melan- oholy affeir, we iearn, isa followad by the borrt- ble discovery of ‘toma of the same deplorable mala- dy in ome of bi It appears that boca wero bitten: rey exe ter Democrat says that the story of (he college difeuiti« hoax. Svow Srorm —A show storm began here little before midoight on Thursday night, and esterday morning the ground was covered tos 1 af severel inenes We learn by ph that storm exteuded to New York and Washington. It had the otfect of retarding the New York steamers, 60 thot er the Norwion nor Stonington trains ery until evening. The railroads, however, to the South an West were not obstructed, and the Albany mail of rday morning, arcived at uesrly the usual hour. — ston Ade , March 4 Syow Srora —Our city and neignborhood ex- Perienced wu easivrly yw storm yesterday, (owing the first cf eny ooneequence during the winter,) whieh commenced is the frencon and continued a igh HOW, ON AN average, We A ome to be at vert sie it Jeop. Th4 matieall failed t night, owing, wo doubt, to the impediments to travel owuted by the snow.—Nationad Inceiligencer, March * 4