The New York Herald Newspaper, February 14, 1848, Page 2

vrleste, it fs resorted to in greater numbers; like one at home, wader the charge of popular or eloquent } reseber, ‘There is a charge by tho prieethood forevery religious service requested, and the fees received by them ore enormous All their receipts are, moreover, voluntary contributions; for althouch tha eburc establishment ts Roman Ca’ » present the singular anomaly «tf Dot possess h were abolished at the revo- lution. “The secular dent on thers fees alone; aus I am iuelined to think thet rom the samme rource the friars als>, woo have their wo- men and children, derive the moans for their libersl maintenance, for the revenus of uo order can surely be » that object applied to that objet stone, it te apparent thet thie sous establishment hat power amd influence surpassed in any Vivilized country; and yet, that ower and influence are seldom ‘brought into oncraetia exercise, in consequences of the impediments whiok counteracting ciroumstances are constantly oppo ne question that can be presented tor polley. Lot diveetly affecting the inter- arch, om whivh the opisions of the church i be fued united; and it is this want of concert which ways prevented them frm usurping the political tmeuts of the republic, or giving direction to pub- core This want of concert and action has not ge- veraily been understood in our armi wud bas led us mistakes and bitter feelings that wight have never en awakened. Thus, while receiving kind tre: nent and pacific assurancer, on one day, from pri we would be fired upoa the next, by a party of guer or troops, eh whom could be seen the gown aud hat of rowe padre. ABenedictin would respectfully and earnestly implore vs to apare his people, who were peacefal with their pro perty, and the church over which be had charge; while | n Frenciccan,in » few hours after, would favor us ith his opiuion in a shower of lead from turret or bel- y. Yerhaps rome dilapidated churen belonging to the tter will, at a future dey, be exhibited as an evidence our barbarism. But no instance will be fouod where » church has been desecrated while its priests trusted to s for its protec ion, and peaceably guarded itfrom t.¢ nerognary followers of the camp. he belief is prevalent in our armies, from the disers- pent conduct of the priesthood towards us, that all are d treacherous, without one redeeming trait to save them from tho hatred which our countrymen bear to them. We ought, however, to remember, that on the war question, the chureh, like on all other subjects, is tivided; and that pacific ‘assurances are given in good aith by many whe wish us out of Mexico, while gueril- iss and others are urged to take arms by those who de- ous extermimation, ‘he above statement of the wealth of the church does not include that which brlongs to the convents for nuns But it mey be properly introduced here asit is property ia mortmain, and under ih» management of prelates, More than one haifof these estsblshments are situated in Mexico aud Puebla; 24 being in the tormer acd 11 ia the latter eity. They have been represented as posseas- wealth in the aggregate to the amount of $5 773 539, be yoar 1S43—arum suffcieatly ample for the sup- j uoviews, apd 1,546 femole servants, the charch hus been tne fimuch discussion, as weil as of some legislation has it failed to create a deep sensation in the present war. There stems us lest the clergy should be dis- din its possession, aud (he iahabitants roused to nes with holy horrer at such profanation The howr ver. do not view this wealth as rightfully ng to the church, por would they be incensed if paced in charge of others, who would use at for efit of the whole po Although thiv isnow in the pore the church, yst, in two pucerssive sessions of Congress, in 1831 and 1832, ic was leclared to be the property of the nation, and a decree t the same time, forbiddia ; its alienation by Legislation would have goue furcher bad here been corfidence in any department to introst with its management, A revolution a’s> intervened, and Santa whom Gomez Farias supposed before to be favorable to the project, came into power as the advo- cate of the churea, with all its rights, properties, im rounities avd privileges Santa Auna secretly assisted to raise the storm ag-inst the clergy, bu: soon directed its peiting against those who contributed aud were canght in it, while he, by « eudden conversion to piety, followed fa the track of a epiricu:! direction The chureh has ever Since been true to him, end in that is one ereret of bia power and in@uence What is most remarkable io this important legislation is the fact that wany of the priesthood desired its ent, and Dr. Mora, himself a priest, favors the if the church had unitedly opposed the mea. eure, | doubt whether a decree could bave passed, so Vitelly affecting its position. Had this change been carried out, and the funds properly applied es intended by its friends. Mexieo would now present a far different, and » more favorable. as weil as formidable aspect it was never the intention to defray, with church property, the expenses or indebtednera of goveroment, but to apply it to the tegitimate purposes for which it was held by the priesthood, but by them improperly rquancered and misapplied. he only admixistration that favored the project, and strongly urged it trom policy, was the short one cf Gomer Farias, already men- tioned; who etill is the leader ot that party. His senti- ments ary much misrepresented, especially by the priests and nnfortunstely from that source our principal in- formation js derived. Gomez Farius does not desire the church revenues to form pact of the government finances for ordinary purposes of legislative appropriation, but for the decent maintenance of the clergy, and the resi- in the parishes are depen- f iue for hospital and elmshouses, and for that all-impor- tant sure, general education, in the States from whence these revenues are drawn. Covceding thet one half the amount of the present revenues are essential ‘or the church establishment, o rum by fer too large, it would still leave $3,72* 296 50 as on annual fund, to be spprapriated to the juvalid poor and uneducated children. 1 ceneider that we huve, at this time, the right. and can with justioe take there re- venues of the ecclesiastics, as property that belongs to the nstion, having twice been declared such, and 80 re- cognized by the people; and ehould the war continue much jonger, we may from neceasity be compelled to re- vort to euch hareh exactions But | shonid much re- gret the occasion for such policy—not from any fear of & religious war with fanatics contending for desecrated property— but beoaure it would deprive a community of the Isat solitary institution remaining, whose influence with citizens Keeps it withia the pyle of civilization, Ihe influence which the priests possess over this un- fortunate people, is exercised, directly or indirectly, for bo harmony of families, tor quietirg nnbappy bicker- ing among friends, or for the ettlement of serious dis- putes thet ought government is too much ofan anarchy to afford them protection to life or property; the judiciary too cor- rupt and its forme too expensive to extend redrees for | ‘wrongs inflicted, or rights withheld; a only in the bosom of the church that private grievances can be poured forth to find redress and something like justice if the persuasion and renroning of a priest does not in- duce the offending party to make some amends, the | dread of church censure, the stigma of mucho malo hom- bré (« very bad man), from the mouths of many, weighs him down even in his own estimation, and is to him wha: loss of credit is to the merchant, or loss of caste to a Hin- | doo. On thie slender thread is now suspended the desti nies of Mexico Deprive the church of its wealth with out giving to the people a good government and equita ble laws, witely acminiatered. and the haughty prelates will sink to @ level with citizens over whom they wili hare no control, und this fair country would soon de- foend from ite glimmering light of civilization into the darkness of its primeval inhabitants. Wherever this wealth would go, influence would follow, and whenever an intelligent and benevolent people desire to scourge | the whole Aztec nation, let them seize this property for | the purposes of wer. EDUCATION. . Intimately connected with religious instruc- tion is the subject of education among the peo- ple. It would seem that the clergy should be most interested in the diffusion ot knowledge ting instruction to the youth. But not the fact in Mexico. The church has contributed nothing for schools, nor has any one of the priests signalized himself in this praiseworthy cause. Ignorance prevails to an extent almost incredible, and will prevail until the church property 1s applied to the purposes of edu r until new principles are introduced nto the government. Duriug tne administration of Tornel, a system 0; primary schools on the Lancasterian princi- ple was proposed, and to some extent patronized by the executive, but it was of short duration Since then no new effort has been made, and now the children of the rich only in cities re- ceive instruction at private schools. Yet itis not uncommon to discover children among the poor classes capable of reading; and the eager- ness wich whieh they rua over the proclama- tions, notie handbilis pasted on the corners of streete and eburch doors, evinces their apti- tude for learning, were the means only witoin their reech When one is found capable of reading, a crowd in-soon collected to listen, It is thas the current news owiedge of more general importan aD 4 cireulated am From thelr manners on the streets when staring at the printed papers, and at the same time st- tenitve to {he parson reading, ove minht naturally eup- fr counte for infor- pore from Che intelligence depicted on th nences that they were trusting to their eye: mation woe the common error that the poor children as well as the rioh receive some uction. But there are no schools for tue educatirn of the poor, one of that class is discovered better (sug! rest, be is indebted to so: ood sister of tl of Santa Rosa, Santa Te romething, for his good fo must ail leara their catechiaio, and that is diff Te educa, tion fs wanting; and therefore # good nun will teach the peor boy or girl to read. im order that the contente of Lis important book should be known. Here, too, Instruetion ends, where it should be con- baving only commenced, The fature litera. ‘sof the ebild are confined to such newspaper: y fail fo ite way, with tracts ou religious suij vote, delivered by the priests on the days devo- Phese are vended along the streets but none ere distributed gratui- st, or two cents, ex of wonder why our benevolent in- do not send Mexico bibles,testaments, | rin ne country in the werld would they | ome and more thankfally reerived. | wan | wil s few euch publications in Spanish, aud, = lady, promised to distribute them Hed more ven tome I should have had no trouble in their | disposal. The diMoul:y experienced in the Peninesuls to distributing the soriptarce. as told by Barrow, in his Je in Spain,” wou have DOW the possession Of (be large cites, and no costecias would be fm the way. In Spain the govern. peed Recretly to prevent the introduction of foreign publieatione; but im Mexico the denunolations cf (he privsts only would be felt. end these would be | like eermons io the United States acai reading vovels I state these facts to show how little bigotry is there; o truth, mot more than existe among the various de. nominations at home. If books were rent they might make the Mexicans better « hristians, but | doubt if they | would ever become PRotertants POPULATION. approximation to the | [n the cactus republic of “ God and Liberty, | ed under continual | eupplies, and in giving timely and tmportant info | ceme in contact, and of whom, t | 10 emanate from the inter this wristocracy, they contewplate our associacion with | 1 not be encountered in Mexico. | + « j cont offenders. — Pu: truth, no census having ever beentaken. The overnment has been dependent ou the National nstitute of Geography and Statistics for returns or reports to touad itslegislation. Tius in 1889, ble of statistics was rendered to government by this instiration, and on its calculations wag determined the number of members of Congress from each State, the ratio being one to every 70,- 000. Oa this besis one hunared members h.d to be chosen, as the whole population returned exceeded seven millions. The institute estimates the annual increase at nearly two per cent; but | doubt whether the popu- lation 18 greater now than it was in 1839 any causes combined, independently of the revolu- tions, have greatiy checked an increase in num- bers. The unsettled condition of the trades, the bad laws and worse administered; the ehecks upon commeree, the obsta to manufacturing, the insecurity of capital, the great emount of poverty, aud some emigration to South America, nave all contributed to check population. The following table is founded on the report of the institute :— States. t'n Area cf Capital Cities. P . sg. miles. cy Mexico 49450 M. Jalisco 73.400 18 440 79300 8 000 32,659 466 . 19.00) 00 19950 25,000 27,060 15.00 Durargo 25.040 | 107509 Chihuahua... * 30,000 700 Sinaloa... 13,000 18,750 Cindai 3,000 ; 5,000 7500 40,000 21,600 15,000 35'100 4/000 340 93.600 4,000 entes, 69,603 /MFNCC4 Aguas Calientes 20,000 63.580 14,676 VillaHermosa.. 5,000 $7,026 200,009 Santa Ke, 4.000 33439 97541 Montere; 2 500 439 "57,031 Loreto. 500 340 + bove estimate hes represent the en- tire populati of joo, still, some particulars, there may be inaccuracy. However, it will serve our present pi as it has served the government that called for it. It is said that the whole number of landed proprietors does not exceed 300000. and they only are entitled to the elective franchise, with the privilege of yoting for President and sending members to Congress ‘When it is considered how many of there are under age, , too inficm to attend election, ‘or too indiffer- perations.— y can essily direct public aYairs, and when divided, they can theart every principle proposed, as there are no formidable masses of voters, who, being inde pendent, weigh down opposition to salutary mea- sures. Ina well regulated republic there can only be two parties, and the people a the ballot boxes determine which shall prevail; but in Mexico, there are many par- ties, or factions, as tbe people are never called on for umpires between them. The population consists of Iodians, Spani ish and Indien, or mixed blood, and fui Tadians are by far the most numerous class, and from derived that large numerical foros ot serfs, oull- ed Peous, attached to the soil, and more debased than very as @ princip's, is abhorrent to cf the negro race, who foucd pects ou an equality with it exiats in every state of t held by the cvur in hacien- sor plantations, embracing maay leagues square — ‘There lands are someti divided into farms. called Tauchos, and leased to tenants & certain rept. Oo these plantations are Poons to be seen,acknowledg'pg ths | owner of the hacienda as their master With their i ir food coarse but abundant, they been th theirlot. Ign it, SUperstitious, patient and industrious, they pass their harmless lives holy existence, but slightiy removed te from the cattle they feed, or the in the week is allowed to jim fact, ing vegetables, &9.,or oulling fruit for the olty mar- which they can attend. The Indians, who are fr: inhabit ranchos and the villages.or in the northern States, remain in tribes isola- ted from the population pretending to civil: ion.— Those who have bean reared upon the farms, and mixed up with that mongrel breed, part native, part negro, aad part Spanish, are the cless from which the bands of rob bere and guerrillas are formed, Fieroe, cruel, vindictive and cowardly, they are Pa in their enmities and treacherous in their friemfiships) With many of the vices and uone of the virti of civilization, they are willing to adopt any pursuit tha’ work, equally willing to plunder velier, or murder au enemy. Hence, in time of war, they are a terror to the inoffen- sive, and in peace, th» lasy farmers who trust to the las- so for their dally subsistence. The heroic regiments of mounted lancersof their armies, are recruited from this community of wortby gentiemen, who bring into the Deld the admirable resolte of their eerly eduestion. Al. ways formidable in numbers, acd always coutemptible iu conduct, they preveto be more destructive on the provisions of their triends, thao on the ranks of our ar- mies. They are es useless in battin, as they are expen- sive st all times, snd from their known dispositioa to break andrun ou the first exhibition ofdanger, they are sure to throw a panic into the infantry At ths battle of Huamentia, they prezented a front two miles inextent. aod yet Copt. Walker, led on a charge with less than 300 mounted men, droke-through them, and,as usual, put them to flight. The Indians snd creoles of the villages are a far differ- ent description of people. They are industrious, peace- able and harmless, engeged in agriculture or the mines with no disposition to participate ia the war, or inclina- tion to ester the army, into whose ranks they are often foro-d. would make admirable soldiers, were proper instruction givem to them, and eompetent officers placed over them in the cities they form the large mass of inhabitants, and slightly resemble those of the villages, with that ill exempt them from neighbor, rob @ tra- modification of character which a city life is sure to pro- | duce. Here they es none of the characteristion found in rural life. Cunning and crafty, false aud treach- serous, yet industrious, and peaceable among themselves, bat violent in their animosity towards us, they fll up the ranks of the army, sometimes voluntarily, aud soime- times by compulsion. In the various trades in which engaged, they are skil- ful artiraus, and exhibit specimens of their handiwork which would cleverly compare with those of the United States. The practical results of the covernment to which they have been subjected, have naturally contri- buted to the formation of their priociples and customs. opinion, and, I may add, opinions of all kinds, ad of something eceit and duplicity, engender. honesty and ‘raukness lead deapotiam. Hence the! ed in an atmosphere wh to punishment in some form. \n these remarks | do not wish toinoiud iP ding their true position, are far different in their dealiogs and deportment. ‘These are some of the men of wealth—the merobante, and the goid and silversmi:hs, bankers, and Honest towards their correspondents, and ir payments, they stand forth comspicuous- discharging their pecuniary obligations ly as ao! from motives of honor anda sense of duty alone; for | compulsory liquidation the dilatory forme in th nuld rarely be obtained through jorrupt courts of lew. Among theee business men are the friends of our ar- mies and our country. Capable of eppreciating the excellence of our institutions, end feeling, for the first time, security to their lives and property, while our fl omta over them, they dread our departure, as @ al of their eufferings and their jorses. Friends as tl e in their feelin to ux, in louning money, farniah: tion, they do not derire peace with the withdrawal of our troops; and the sia-ular avomaly is these joining ia the clamor for a continuan from @ desire to pres-rve us among them. which others have raised with the hope of our destruction. But theee, many fo number, bear no comparison, nu- mericaily, with the mars of common peopi they. most unfortunately, much ioflaence Forming as they do, t 4 y, they ate held ia jealou J, by thy less wealthy and enlightened portion of the community; and th moreover, imp-rfectly acquainted with the and feelings i the lower orders ze is. and will be ions of opinion, by & by usin texing the expr | few educated, intelligent persons, as the sentiments of the great body of the peopje, with whom they do not know compara- tively nothing Brides this, the attention paid by ux to the wealthy aod educated, i¢ not calculated to ren- der us popular with othere; for, oovedering the mal admiatstration of government. and th:ir own oppreesion 0 wud erifiah mociven of them exclusively, ass bad omen for the redrees of their grievsnees. ‘The common people are right ; the large majority of the wealtby and educated have contributed to render their condition u fortunate and deplorable, either by j sharing ia the plunder whioh the government hue | afforded, or in the sanction of pernicious measures. The only difieulty with them is to discriminate bstween | chose who have become rich from peculation or fraud, aud those who are enjoying the wealthy rewards of honest industry, The forcigners, consisting of French, German, English and Irith, are residents of the cities, or near the nines worked by them. They are, for the most part, very in- telligent people, who have sought their fortuacs in Mexico, with the intention of returning to Europe after some wealth was aequired. ‘They are principally engaged as merohants, factors, bankers, some few as manutac- turers, and rome in various trades, They have gene- relly Leen sueoresful in acquiring property, and possess ing influence among those in power. 3ut appreciating order and system, slong with protection rnd security in government, they ere disgusted with the anarchy pre- vailing for 60 many years, Desirous of conducting tavir business transsetions in safety, they hail our coming as @ blessing, and bope for our permanent occupation of the country. There # to be no national jealousy towards ur, ali being absorbed in the preponderating interest they have in our presence and protection. (To be continued } Arroctovs Muaner.—A reepectoble citizen of Lower 8. Cla r township, informs us that a mort atrocions outreg> was committed upou ® woman, by rome belf dezn raffane, one night last week in the neighborhood of ir, Lewir Coke's farn-ces, Atier auc ceeding in thetr designs, the villains tet fire to her clot. jog and otherwise to ernelly treated her, that she died a | day or twoafterwards The deceased was a rtranger, baving crossed the lower ferry,i:rom Pitteburg, on the evening of the outrage. Will any one having knowledge of the matter, leave us farther: ation? These out- regee are becoming frequent- trust that the vigii- of (he poltoe may lead to be ad the re he Ye they are not deficient in bravery, and | NEW YORK HERALD. North-west Corner of Fulton and Nassan sts. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR. BAILY HERALD Kvery day, (Sunday ineladed ) ry copy—$" ennum—in ited States. eiropedn eubterderes ae per ronmwan te inci ide the pos- ti cents pV EREEY gBEMALD Ean, erste “Be wean athecribers. £5 ner annum to include fhe postaxe. Get nei the Prench ae well os tn the Ene. ith lan- Guage.) will be published on the day of th ture of eac for any in 1, with intelligence from ail parts’ of th erican continent to the latest mo- cent ‘Subecraptions and . Galig ESS Sr ae es Gornwill, and John’ Adler, "Bookseller, Henrietta str MPRESIDENTIAL HERALD—Evtery Tuerday—One CDV ERTISE 3 (new every mornihg) at rea a8. j tobe written 11 in, legible manner.— despatch. Orders received at the Public Mo gice, cor- Fulton and Nassau streets. TT! rmaik, for sub or with soiree aire we eerie wil be do. mm 5 ve IN DENGR. containing = ah tf tate omens momenta wnt Taped aol be he “angen r OPN MET AS WO NOTICE con be taken 0 ]aromymous communice: Wh iat seni by thename and address of the vwrster nat necene- for pudlicction, but asa. ty 2 ted commurscations. PUTMENTS to be made in advance. ——— AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. Park KATRE.—Sands, Lent & Co”s American Ciacus, in their various performances. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery—THe Gamnster— Carrain Kro. M THEATRE, Chatham street —Tuanrixe ootAWitpenine Boresiauian, rae Show Gun. WERY HITHEATRE, Bowery.—Equstxian- why Vavivinas Wee PALMO’S OPERA HOUSE, Chambers street-—Mopet ARTIsTs fe —— BROADWAY ODEON, Broadway—Garcun Exxn- eres, ke.—Mopet Antiets. PANORAMA HALL. Brotdway, near Houston st—Ban- TRowEtrrs MopEL OF ANCIENT JERUSALEM—At3 and Tg o'eloek, P.M. BROOKLYN . BROOKLYN INSTITUTE, Washington street —Cunis- rr’s MinstaeLe—ErHiorian §tNGINe—BuaLesque Dan- cina, ke. New York, Monday, February 14, 1848, = = ADVERTISEMENTS received for one inser- tion only. The Hibernia. This steamer is in her sixteenth day. Her arrival may be hourly expected. She brings one week later news, which will be spread before the public, in Eztra Heralds, immediately after its receipt at this office. ‘The Presidential Canvass. According to all appearances at the present time, the principal point on which the presiden- tial canvass will hang, is that in reference to the nomination which may be made at the | whig convention at Philadelphia, whether it be Mr. Clay or General Taylor. Let us illustrate this view. The candidates of the democratic party, most prominently before the people, are Mr. Polk, General Cass, and Mr. Buchanan. The perso- nal popularity of all three, or of any other candi- date, is about equal. The only question of any moment to the public, in reference to their no- mination, is the issue on which they will choose to go before the people. We are persuaded that this issue, notwithstanding the profes- sions in favor of peace with Mexico, provided a government cun be found in Mexico with which to make peace, will yet be the ques- tion of the annexation of that country, so that in the canvass they can assume that ground with perfect safety during the move- ments of the falland summer. The only draw- back, or check, to the unity of the democratic party, are the divisions about the Wilmot pro- viso, in the State of New York, and the two conventionsin nominating electoral tickets here. These divisions, however, will, most likely, be | healed up; for,;whenever the great day approach- es, the democratic party are generally united, whatever their quarrels may be. The union of the democrats in New York, and the nomina- tion by the convention, will, of course, close up the prospect which many of the friends of Mr. | Clay expected in this State, and it will throw the general election into pretty much the same po- sition which it was in four years ago. Now, if | Mr. Clay can bring no greater force into the | field than he did four years ago, and with the | position he has assumed in reference to the war, | he stands by no means on bettgr ground for the approaching election than he did at the last—1n | fact, he probably stands a worse chance. There | will be about seven or eight hundred thousand new voters in the field, a large majority of whom will be undoubtedly more in favor of the annexation of the whole of Mexico than azainst it With this view of the game, it is very evident i i that the nomination of General Taylor, under the belief that he could bring a great accession | of fresh strength to the whig party, willbea | matter of deep consideration to the whig con- | vention in June. If it appear that Mr. Clay | could not, under any circumstances, be elected, the whigs will be driven to the necessity of ta- | king up General Taylor, whether he writes let- tersto them or not. With him as their stand- ard bearer, their chances, certainly, are much better, in the present aspect of things, than they would be without him, or with ruaning merely on Mr. Clay’s popularity. The great contest, therefore, will be in the convention, and the probability of the whigs abandoning Mr. Clay, and taking up General Taylor, and supporting him with the same zeal as they would Mr. Clay, | their first choice. There scems little prospect that peace can be effected, but necessity has no | law, and a few moments reflection will bring the | matter about so as to equalize the chances of the two parties. The old disturbing forces, aboli- tion, nativeism, &c., seem to be disappearing of late. e 4 Bisnop Huewes’ Letters vron Cataonrcrry. | —This distinguished prelate of the Catholic church, is publishing a series of curious and singular letters upon the Catholic religion, which, we doubt not, will receive much atten- tion from religious and other circles before long: ‘They make their first appearance in a weekly journal, published under the auspices and ma- nagenient of the Bishop himself, and probably | edited and owned by him. | These letters are written witha good deal of animation, but they contain a number of views and statements of as curious a character as any reasonings which we find on the other side of religion, among the Fourierites and philosophers of the present age. What particularly distin- guishes them is an admixture of sense and silli- ness, of sagacity and superstition, of learning and ignorance, of philosophy and folly, of pride and peevishness, which run through all of them, from beginning to end. The Bishop revives in these letters all that style of flimsy reesoning and verbal argument which prevailedamong the eter- nal disputers who existed about four or five centu- ries ago in the old world, and were called the “ schoolmen.”” But with all these antique relics, the Bishop mixes up a great deal of that natural genius with which he is gifted, and of some taste and sagacity,which he has necessarily picked up dur- ing his brilliant career as a prelate in this coun- try. Uponthe whole, these letters are curiosi- ties in their way; not convincing, but curious. His Washington sermon is yet the best thing ho has done. re Gow ry spoke of os kay to be the Fovaterism im tax Common Councr.—The principal organ of the Common Council, which participates in all the advertising jobs of that body, and probably in some printing jobs also, 18 well known to bethe Tribune, a journal which has been for four years past the leading advo- cate for the introduction of the religion and social system of Charles Fourrier, a French philosopher of the last century, who is consid- ered by his disciples in Paris as the legitimate successor of the Lord and Savior Jesus Christ; and the only one of the age who has discovered the only mode of enjoying human life, or of es- tablishing the social arrangements of human beings. For several months past, the Common Council have directed large advertisements ot real es- tate in this city, to be published in certain jour- nals, the principal of which is the Tribune. The expenses of these advertisements, probably amounting to twenty or thirty thousand dollars, will ultimately be paid by the property holders and owners of real estate. In distributing this patronage, a large portion of it 18 given to the Tribune, one of the proprietors of which is a member of the Common Council, and, of course, is bound by law, by ordinance, and by his own oath, not to participate, either directly, or indi- rectly, in any contract, the expenses of which are to be paid by the corporation. Here isthe section of the charter of the city of New York, passed in 1830, directing this: — No member ot either board a the lod for which he was elected, be tppeiniad iy bs compe office of which the emelumente are feom the city treasury, or by fees directed to be paid by any ordinance or act of the Common Council, or be directly or indirectly interested in eapenses or consideration whereof are to any ordinance of the Common Council, Now, under this section, the question arises, whether Mr. McElrath, the alderman of the third ward, is the same Mr. McElrath, one of the editors and proprietors of the Tribune, a paper which is endeavoring to revolutionise the social and reli- gious system of the United States, and substi~ tute for the principles and practices inculcated by Jesus Christ, those which have been invented by Charles Fourier? One of the great doctrines of Fourter is illustrated by Philosopher Greeley, and his efforts have been directed to throw real estate into some new form, by which every man can own property, either in detail or by whole. sale. Isit, therefore, a principle of Fourierism that a vast portion of the real estate of New York should be thrown into the market for sale, to pay taxes, and that the sales should be advertised, contrary to the provisions of the city charter, in acertain journal, and that the real estate owners of New York, should be compelled to pay many thousand dollars for such advertisements, in or- der to fill the pockets of an alderman, in direct contradiction to the provisions et the city char- ter? This certainly is a new view of Fourier- ism, which is not yet illustrated fully in the col- ‘umns of the Tribune, and we wish to have some light on the subject, and probably the people of New York would like to have some light on the subject too, and principally those who are likely to lose their property for such purposes. MExICO—HER PRESENT CONDITION AND PROS- Pgcts.—We commence publishing in another part of this paper, a very able and well-written view of the present condition and prospects of Mexico, prepared by Captain Ramsey, of the United States army, whose opportunities, in the recent campaign, from Vera Cruz to the city of Mexico, were most admirable for acquiring such neceasary information on a subject of so much importance to the country. This paper on the condition of Mexico, embraces her population, system of education, finances, and other matters of high interest, illustrative of the situation of that republic. Most perfect reliance may be placed on the accuracy of the facts stated, and the soundness of the views and reasonings growing out of those facts. Such statements from such a quarter, collected on the spot, are of inestimable value in the present situation of the United States and our relations with Mexico. Within the last few months, Mr. Clay, Mr. Gallatin,and Mr.Poin" sett, all able public men, enjoying important po- sitions from their former services to the country, have been endeavoring to enlighten the nation on the condition of Mexico, and to warn the country against any thing like the absorption or annexation of that country to this. These states- men, however warm and patriotic their senti- ments may be found, their arguments and views are insufficient data. They could not possibly be acquainted with the necessary facts connect- ed with Mexico, on which to form a correct opinion. Such papers as that of Captain Ram- sey, will do more to enlighten the public mind, thanall their speeches, pamphlets and letters, and all the speeches in Congress put together. The only information that can be collected, is what we get from the distinguished officers of the army, who made it, during the interludes of their military duties, their business to collect accurate and reliable information on the state of Mexico ; and we think that the distinguished military men who are returning from Mexico, one and all, ought to give their views on the sub- ject as early as possible, and place them before the country, so that the people may be enabled to judge for themselves, previous to the approach- ing presidential election | Anornen Barrie or Buena Vista Exrectep. —According to the recent intelligence from the Rio Grande, it would seem that the Mexicans are collecting together vast forces to fallon Gen. Wool, and to retrieve the glory they lost at Buena Vista. From various quarters we learn t! A late New Orleans French journal saye:—‘ The sloop Decatur, arrived on the 2d at New Orleans, brings news from Vera Cruz dated the 24th January. There wasin Vera Cruz a rumor that Santa Anna had made a pronunciamento, by which he called under arms 20,000 men to continue the war. This report had been brought to Vera Cruz by an express, arrived from the interior of the country, a few hours before the departure of the Decatur.” The long debates in Congress, both in the House and in the Senate, the extraordinary speeches, vindicating Mexico and abusing the government, which issue from Washington and elsewhere, willno doubt produce their na- tural effects among the Mexicans, and help very much to aid and assist them in assembling another army. We expect, therefore, in a very short time the re-opening of the war on the Rio Grande, and we would not be surprised if it com. menced with some terrible conflict near the scene of the battle of Buena Vista. Mucn apo asout Notuine.—Some distin- guished personage has sent a communication to the French newspaper, Courrier des Etats Unis, which reminds us very much “of the character of Gratiano, in one of Shakspeare’s comedies. He epeake an infinite deal of nothing—more than any other man in all Venice; his words are three grains of wheat ina bushel of chaff. Mr. D. finds great fault with the manner in which the Herald 1s conducted, particularly that in reference tothe French steamships. If the Herald establishment had not been conducted better than the French steam line, we should not only have been cast on our beam-ends, but long ago would have been compelled to put into Hali- fax, or the other place, for brandy, coal anda | few lumps of sugar. It is certainly very modest | to hear complaints of mismanagement in any | thing coming from that quarter. | The gentleman in question, would do well to | read the Holy Scriptures, and, particularly, to | study that passage which advises the man to take | the beam out of his own eye, before he attempts to extract the mote out of his brethor's. TELEGRAPHIC INTELLIGENCE. allure of the Southern Mail—Snow Storm, Purerssuren, Feb. 13, 1848. In consequence of a heavy snow storm south of this place, neitherghe overland express nor the southern mail have arrived here for two days. Fatal Accident. | Paapgtruia, Feb. 13, 1848. Four men were accidenially killed om Friday evening, near Pottsville, Pa. Their names were John Loesher, of Reading; John Mackimson, of Kings; Essing Johan, of Kensington, and an- other man belenging to Reading. [eee Dissonugion or THe Union—Nanrucker on neER Stitrs —A few days ago, the redoubtable James Austin and others, met on the island of Nantucket, in sight of the shores of Massachu- setts Bay, for the purpose of presenting a petition to the Legislature of Massachusetts, praying that a convention of the people of the State might be called, to make a peaceful separation of the State of Massachusetts from the Union. This petition, which is described by some as ‘‘a drop from a coming shower,” was presented to the legislature, and gave rise to an animated debate, after which debate, it was respectfully referred to the Committee of the Judiciary of the House of Representatives of Massachusetts. That was the proper course to pursue, by those who want to destroy the Union, and put an end to the Republic of the United States. It is doubtful, however, whether the legislature will grant the petition, though there can be no objec- tions to the petitioners withdrawing from the Union and transporting themselves to Botany Bay, if they please,—for that would be an appro- priate place for the secession of these distin- guished Nantucketers from the Union A num- ber of these amiable and distinguished fanatics, both male and female, have been crying and bel- lowing some time for a dissolution of the Union, and have been in the habit of coming to New York and holding conventions here upon this subject. Why do they not pursue the respect able examble shown them by the amiable, in- dustrious, patriotic, learned, unpretending, non- tax-paying inhabitants of Coney Island? Coney Island has long since been separated from the Union, and is now an independent power, with its own Governor, Congress, judges, and all the regular officials down to the water carriers. If the inhabitants of Nantucket wish to be separa- ted from the Union, let them declare their in- dependence, make choice of their flag, organize their government, celebrate their revolution, and go to work and imitate the distinguished in- habitants of Coney Island. This would save many of them from the necessity of going to Botany Bay, though they deserve to be sent there, if it were possible to transport them. SUPPRESSION oF THE MopEL Artists.—We un-s| derstand that there is a strong expectation that the Legislature will suppress the exhibitions of the model artists, so that they must close before the termination of the present week Petitions and memorials have been circulated amongst ma- ny religious and respectable people of the city; and, ina day or two, those papers, signed by nu- merous names, will besent to Albany, praying for an enactment for the entire prohibition of such exhibitions in future. We think this very probable, and that be- yond this week all such exhibitions will be prohibited in theatres, and such public houses of any description, in New York. However scriptural or classic, those exhibitions were at the commencement of the season, they have be- come, singularly enough, more naked, as the weather grows celder; so, that, in fact, at this time, the most of these exhibitions are got up, in pretty much the same style that Adam and Eve presented in the Garden of Eden. They may be exhibited during the present week, but the model arti will, no donbt, be suppressed after that. Those sinners who want a sight, there- fore, won’t have achance beyond this week. Certain. ‘Theatrical and Musical. There has been about the usual amount of theatrica; basiness done during the past week, and we believe that none of the houses need complain of slim audiences. The Circus company atthe Park, have gone on very favorably, and attract as many asever to witness the i feate of the ring” on the boards of old Drury. They are induced by their success, to continue another week at their present quarters, and intend to give splendid Dille ever: mits At the Bowery, T. D. Rice, Waleott, Miss Clarke, and the excellent stock compan; forming light pieces and comedies. Riee in bis round of n char- acters, an great satisfactic He may be truly said to be the father of the Ethiopian performances, which are now #0 popular everywhere. He is the great crigina- tor, and none perhaps have ever come up te him in the vaciness of his delineations of the negro oh: Mra, Shaw is for the coming we no doubt, give the satisfaction which her artistic delineations of character in the highest walks of the drama always do. She will appear this evening in a the beautiful dy of * Gamester,” in the charec- ter of Mrs. B ; Barry, Clarke, Hall, and the rest of the com; ill fill the other parte in this fi play. At the C mm, Mr. and Mrs. Broughem hi 2 forming in an original burlesque of Brougham’s, on Fictamoras-it was sy conten sitar, and well carrked out. They also brought several light faroesand during the week, and altogether, did « fair bu- siness. Mr. ‘Winans, the rising young actor, is eogeged for the eoming week, and will go through his round of cbsracters. As for the other entertainments about town, they are yuscessful asever; indeed we do not know thatthere season than the present for leoturers, &c. Christy's Minatrels, for instance, have met with unparalleled suo- cess, being now in their twentieth successive week of ex- hibition. The Model Artist fever seems to be on the de- , the public having probably become satiated with numerous troupes which are to be seen in every t almost. Brunetti’s Model of Ancient Jerusalem, Banvard's Pa- nerama of the Mississippi, aud such standard, and really beautiful, interesting and instructive exhibitions, are, ‘and will be, fally patronised. Brunet! in espe: cially worth visiting. Altogether no one in New York need complain of having no place of amuse: it to visit, as there is variety enough to suit every one’s taste. Mr. Forrest had arrived at New Ocieans on the 4th instant. ADDITIONAL RUMORS FROM MEXICO. (Translated from the New Orleans La Patria, Feb. 4th ) By the schooner Decatur, which arrived at daylight yenterday, from Vera Crus, letters have been received from that port up te the 24th January. A friend of ours has kindly permitted us to use his correspondence,which comes from # most highly respectable person in that city ; we make the following extract :— Vera Cave, 24th Jan’y, 1848. As for news from the interior, | have but littie worthy of your notice to communicate. Every thing remains in statu guo, but it is rumored that an express has just arrived trom Orisaba, which briogs the news of Santa Anna having made & prenuneiamen’e and published ene of bis proclamations calling for 20,000 men, with whom to oarry on the war. I do not know as yct from whence this rumor has come, but | ehall @ all enquiries into its truth, and if it proves to be #0, and I can obtain a copy jon, I will send it to you by this oppor- tunity. 1 do not believe, however, that it will produce much , BOF need you fear any recommencement of hostilities. In thie State and its vicinity, Santa Anna has but few friends.’’ ‘We regret, says La Potria, that peither the proclama- tion — any other details have come to hand by this ‘veesel. MILITARY MOVEMENTS. Gen. Towson arrived in New Orleans on the 4th inst., on the steamboat Irequois, on his way to Mexico Maj ven] ot the Pay Departinent, reached there on the same it. ‘The United States steamer Virginia, Captain Tucker, was to re New Orleans on the Sth inst., for Vera Crus, loaded with government stores. She takes over the follewing passengers: Mvj. Robert Allen, Horatio G Finch, M. D. Hudson, Joha G. Park, John L. Den ning. Thos. J Eohol oon Seawright, ERT ie apt. Patterson, was we for You Oren with government stores, and the brig Jonnett, Capt. Thompson, for Tampico. The U. 8. steamer Fashion, Capt. Morgen, leaves to day for the Brazos with the following passengers :—~G. . Martio, Martin N. Campbell, John MeCarty and R. ell. DB By a private letter from Washingtom, we learn that Col G. Wy Morgan has received the appointment of Brigadier General in the army. He was to depart for Mexico on the 2d inet.; bis commission to reach him at Vera Cruz. This app intmont will meet with general approbation, as the suill and bravery of that oMoer emi- nently fit him for the station.— Cincinnati Enquirer, | Law Intelligonce. Count Cauennan.—Tbis Dey.— Circuit Court z No | 41, one Sr, Vatantine’s Dav.--The day of this holy priest thas come again. We sey holy priest, because he was a priest of Rome, and with St. Marous, assisted the mar- tyrs who suffered persecution umier Clau!ius II. He was beaten with cluts, and afterwards beheaded, be- cause of his adherence to his faith, on the 14th day of February, 270. Little Cupid is at work to-day, and handrome billets, with sweetest gorda, are meeting the eyes of almost every fair one, though it is leap year, and they have the privilege to re the question to-day. Then, gentle ‘aties, 4 an id your charms; you have law and gospel on your side, now is ycur time to catch the surley old bachelors, ant ma e them gentle as lambs. In ancient days, it was customary for persons, on the previeus evening, to d love tokens, which, by ® uatural transition from the day thus commemorated, are now known as valen- tim It was then lawful for any gentleman to send love-letter to any Tady that pleased is fancy. The most patbetio and appealing language, in poetry and prose, was thrown in, to win the heart of the fairone. Fre- quently the rhyming was of such a nature, that it de- stroyed all thought of poetry, and only the perforated condition of the heart was to be seen through the effu- sion. It was a Cap oe @ young + cab choose from amon; er acquaintences & @ man to be her gallant . and being thus selected would ag the lady with some small gift, thereby bind- jog himself to pay her all devotion forone year; and it frequently happened that before the expiration of the ‘a closer bond of union was formed, which tied hotu fast. ‘This was acustom, which is still retained in Ei d, aud come of our Southern States,on St Valen- lay, for the young people to assemble, when the ladies would draw iots by the lady, ‘he gentle drawo is acknowleiged as year, though not unfrequently, they gentleman and lady before the -wil appearances, there will day. Ancient lassies will hearts of the young men please, and though they m: Ad ‘a little wrinkled by old age, no gentleman will shrink from the proposition of the fairone. The good old times aro coming round, again, and little love wiil hold in his service every man. Coup Buoeprp Muarner.—Officers Holmes, MoGianis and Seeley, of the 1th ward, about niae o'clock last night, arrested two colored persons,whogavethetr names 3 Charles Henry Wilson and Elisabeth Allen, on sus- picion of having murdered a colored sailor named Lewis Johnson, some time on Saturday night. The deceased is believed to have had a sum of money upon him at the ‘he time, It appears that respectable familly of white persons, living in sa adjoining house, heard « loud way! le, also the words, a 2 away!” © aod subsequently, the cries of murder:; and not reeing the deceased about the premises as usual, gave ioformation of the fect to the captain of the 16:h Police District, who instantly caused the arrest of the parties living in the house in question, situated in the 9th pase, Hatireen! Bist and 32d streets In conse- quence of the illness of Justice Roome, Alderman Smith was immediately sought to officiate on the occasion.— ‘The acoused pariies after being duly apprised cf their rights toanswer any question inat might tend to crim!- nate them in the matter, proceeded to give their version ot the circumstances connected with the case.— Elizsbeth Allen stated in substance that the deceased wes her helf brother ; lived with her ; that on Saturday night sbortly after coming home, being then under the imduence ot liquor, he went out, as he alleged, for the purpose of fetching « puir of boots that he bad repairing, also to obtain more liquor; that she remonstrated with him against getting anything more to drink,as he had had quite sufficient; that notwithstanding het remon- strapces he went out; that after a protracted absence she (Elizabeth Allen) became uneasy about him, and went out to ascertain if she could see anything of him. Failing to do so, ehe called Charles Henry Wilson, who was in in the house at the time, cud the two went forth in search of the deceased; that after being out some time, (Elizabeth Allen) heard some groans in the 9th aven hort distance from home,and on approaching @ sleigh she found the deceased, who saidia a faint tore that he had been stabbed by somebody. Finding it im} ible to get the deceased home herself,she again went jo the house and obtained the assistance of Wilson, and then succeeded in removing the deceased home, where he diedly shortly afterwards. On examining the sleigh, bowever, where the accused parties allege that they found the deceased, no marks whatever of blood were found, while tho floor of the house occupied by them is stained in several places; and on turning the body of the deceased over, blood api: ted out very coplously On exantining the body of the deceased, {t was discover- ed that he had been stabbed in the right side, avd in the be breast; the pprer lip is also very mucl corated , while his face and hands clearly indieate that he has en- deavored to protect himself from ihe b'ows of his assas sins, The statement of Wilson varied somewhat trom that of Elizabeth Allen. He is considerably younger than the latter, and said that he was from Richmond, Va, and bad been living in the houss for about six Alderman Smith committed the accused to prison, to await the result of the coroner’s investigation. ity —The city is full of mendicants and men- y ; and, what was formerly quite unknown, seems to be now filled with poor. Many of these unfortunates go about asking charity in the streets. There are men with pale faces, women with children in rags, perambu- lating New York, all day, down {o sunset, in every pub- lic street and in the Park, begging for money. Some Gays ago a indy went to the door of her house and opened it to a woman having a babe in her arms, and asking for charity. This lady, who is very kind, asxed the beqaar, “ Why don’t you work?”’ “ Impossible to find any to do, ma’am.” “How so?—if you will sorub for me will give you four shillings ” The begzar declined ‘This is certainly not the only fact we could relate; for the mendicants we see in the streets are strong men, women: of middie age, and able to work. These people have adopted mendicity as a profession, and oue could besure itis profitable. During the whole day they fiud at least ten kind persons, who give them money either as cha- rity, or from wishing to get rid of their importunity. There is more advice, gratis, to our corporation. Tur Weatnen —Yesterday was a beautiful and pleas- ant day, the weather havi: iderably moderated — ‘he ad thrown off its cloudy mantle, and the sun shone most beautifully. The da; xoeedingly quiet i vere i id nike best the city. —the many churches of the city were fille: order seemed to prevail through every part F, Avaam.—The alarm of fire, at one o’cloek yes- terday, was caused by the burning of some rabbis, in Fifteenth street, near Stuyvesant square. Police Intelligence. Doings before Justice Osborne —Yeaterday merni at the watch returns, a of the 24 4 brought before the magistrate s comical looking Irish: man, with a mouth like a codfish, speckled face, small rey es, and red hair; in fact his whole appearance looked like “hard times and worse s coming;” calling Bi rer Teddy LO ae hat his acisTRaTR— Well, cficer, wl ve you against Teddy? a ae ” Orricen—He is charged with stealing a hoe belonging to the corporation. Macistrate—Do you hear that Teddy? You are charged with stealing a corporation hoe. Tepvr—Anq, indeed judge, it’s not so, at all at all; I nivir steals; I can prove my karacter; | have worked for Thompson and Price, and Joseph Hillard, the Qusker; [have carried the hod for the last eight years; but de ye see, there is no building going up now; ani I went to Alderman Gilmartin, and told him I had two babies, without a mother; indeed I did, your honor, andhe said, said he, I’ll get you work in the eorporation or. Monday, at streot sweeping, and all I did was jist to take the boe, whieh @ Mr. Mariin told me belonged to the corpora- tlon; 80 do you see that I would be ready for Monday morning, and sure Alderman Gilmartin can give me a good Karacter, for I voted for bim the last two years; in truth | did, aud sure the Alderman knows me wel; and kuows I have two babies,and no mother. Macistaarr—I seo. Teddy, we must make an example of you; this robbing the corporation is carried on to a Liye extent in this community, and when we cateh ig fellow like you, the utmost r: of the law must be put intorce, although influential men have robbed the ublic of thousands without being brought to justice. ‘herefore, Teddy, it istor mem like you, to receive punishment, not having stolen enough to command re- Spect. 1 shall commit you for trial, Teddy, at the court of Sessions, and no doubt a crowded ceurt room will be present to witnessthe trial. Take him down, officer. Arrest of a Pickpocket.—Officer Trevehard, of the Chief's office, arrested on Saturday night, a man by the name of John Stanley, whom the officer detected in the » act of picking the Pevy of C. J. thrie, of a pocket handkerobief, while in the Bowery Thiatre. The sceu- tod, 1t appears, was formerly very respectable man, and in addition to that, was secretary to one of the tem- perance societies of Jersey City ; but, unfortunately, was induced to break the temperance pledg», and brooming an intem; man, was led on turough the effeots of iiquor, to orime of picking pookets, which will terminate his career for wt least 6 months in the peni- tentlary. Thus we ses the fatal effects of breaking the ge Another —A man by the name of Wm. Adams was de- tected yesterday morning at the Catholic churoh, in James street, with his hand in the poo! tharine Henderson, of No 70 Catharis treet pick her pooket ; upon feeling rine immediatel. 'y pre- mi ¥ she was robbed of a Justice Osborne heid him to bail, it court. Hore —Martin Hare, the young man who figured in the public prints some time ago, in if off with Miss Mary Fox, was vio- lently assaulted yeste: morning im the nearthe Fountain, by Jam mara and James Kelly, one of blow on the side of tne head whom struck him a viole1 with a slung shot or billy, which knooked him down,and Wwe ran off. retend, is One of the assailants, we ui brother-in-law of \:r, Fox, the father of Mary, Jus- borne issued a warrant for the arrest of the ac- er ye Policy Dealer. Officer Munson ot the ward police, arrested yesterday a man by the of Samuel Kelly, on a charge of selling lottery po- . Held to bail to answer the harge. ont glary.—The dwelling house No, 17 Irving Place ‘was evtered by some bu on Saturday, during the day, and ransacked from top to bottom, bureaus, closets, ko. evidently in searc! oney or allver ware. Thi family, it appears, were absent in the country. It wi not sce! 1d whether any property had been stoie! Sporti Migene The Charleston papers of the 4th inst., give the mces over the Pineville Course, which commenced on the 25th ult., and resulted a6 follow On the first day, two mile beats, Mr, W. H. Sinkler’s oh. o. 8 years old, by Bertrand, jr, imp. Marigold, by Cain, walked over the course, having no competiter, Second day—Three mile heats.—Jas. Sinkler (W. semary,4 years old, b% Eclipse, * H. Lowndes’) i calender qT ? 16, 98, 91, fil week court, | dam. by Sic Charles ¥ 6s eoese 17 J, Harrison’s Rosilie, 5 years oid, by Boston, dam. imp, Emily... see . ” «s @ ‘Time, 6m 66s—6m 1 | Third day—Two mile heats —W. H. Sinkler’s (P. G. Stomey’s) bik b, Giraffe, 4 years old, by Argyle, dam imp, Gegeile, by Velooipeds,.. 1 1 of a be, by Rioblamd, 4 years old, by Ars gyle, dam by MAEPOIOM. 66 6 i iiers a4 ‘mm 694m I, ~s