The New York Herald Newspaper, January 31, 1848, Page 2

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NEW YORK HERALD. North-west Corner of Fulton and Hassan sts, JAMES GORDON BENWETT, DAILY HERALD—RBwery dev, ie Pied i cent o7y—87 onnum—in States. Torepeem nubtcribere: Bia per annum, (6 je the Poe 4 “WP CEKLY HERALD—Boery Saturday—8% cents per covp-—83 124 per cunum—in the United Stater Bu- Peocuny Darribers, $5 or annum, fo include the portage | Tah edition will be published on the day of the departure | Of each steamer, with intelligence from aif ports of the American continent te the latest moment scriptions r advertisements received by Messrs. Galignani, 18 $nt Vinlenne, tarris; “P-L. Stmonda, 18 Cormhall, and "Tohe wniler.’ bookseller, Hennetta street, lon. PRESIDENTIAL HERALD—Every Tuesday—One Doltar fer ihe Campaign, ADVERTISEMENTS (new every morning) at rea- sppehiesricesi apie ap plain, legible manner.— "a ‘efor nat respon for errors in manuscript. PRINTING of all tords ewecuted beautsfully ana with Urders received at the Publication Office, cor- neref Multon and Nassau streets ALL LETTERS by maxi, for subscriptions, or with advertisements, to be post paid, or the postage will be de- ducted from the tted. VOLUNTARY CORRESPONDENCE, containing smpertant news, solicited frem aay quarter of the wond— and if used. will be Wherally paid for NOTICE canbe taken of anonymous communica Whatever is intended for insertion must be authents- 'd by the name and address of iV fer publication, but ai anty We cannot undertake te return rejected coms ALL PAYMBNTS to be made in advanc "AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. PARK THEATRE—Sanvs, Lent & Cos American Circus, in their various performan BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery —Granoratuer WaITe HeaD—Siece oF Monteney—A Wire's Finst Lesson. CHATHAM THEATRE, Chatham street.—Love's Sa- enrprce—Acappry, on THR Woxperrut Lamp. OPERA: HOUSE, Chainbers stre —Mope. Antists. PANORAMA HALL, Broadway, near Houston st —Ban- yarns Pawonama OF THE Misstasirri. BROOKLYN. BROOKLYN INSTITUTE, Washington stre CHnie- tr’s Minstaete—ErHiorian Singine—Braceseue Dan- comma, Ke. oe New York, Monday, January SI, 1848, —Saace Brotarrs {ry Advertisements received for one insertion only Whe Steamer Acad: This steamer is now fully due. She stops at Boston, and her news may come on the wires to-day Important Developements—The Treaty with Mexico. We have received authentic and special intel- ligence from Washington, embracing most posi- tive information that a treaty has absolutely been negotiated between Mr. Trist, the commissioner of the United States, and the three negotiators of the Mexican government. And furthermore, that, at the last accounts, this treaty only wanted the concurrence of the Mexican Congress, which it was almost sure to vet, before it was to be transmitted to the United States. Of the gene- ral factof a tresty,in this form and condition, there can be no doubt; but the negotiation is combined and coupled with a number of very cu- rious particulars, which will have a great and important influence on its progress to mutual ratification by the governments of the two countries The intelligence of a treaty with Mexico, which we were the first to give the public, exclu- sively, on the eighth of January, is now con- firmed in many important ways, and by many particulars, that cannot reasonably be doubted. ‘This treaty, we have every reason to believe, has been negotiated by Mr. Trist, in conjunction with General Scett, both acting in opposition, or without the instructions of the administration ai Washington. A most curious and remarkable explosion may be expected on this subject, at no distant day. In the meantime, we shall proceed to detail all the particulars that have led to this negotiation, as far as they are within our reach. By an important private communication from Washington, we learn that in the month of Sep- tember last, a very strong and eloquent letter wae prepared in the city of New York, by cer- tain mutual friends of Mr. Clay and Mr. Van Buren, and addressed to General Scott, who was then atthe head of the American army in Mexi- co. In this letter, General Scott was advised, on the first opportunity, to give his influence, and to take the earliest steps to enter into negotiations fora treaty with Mexico, without regard to his instructions from Washington, or to any orders from the Wer Department there. It was repre- sented to General Scott in this important letter, thata great portion of the intelligent people of this country wished for peace, and that the whig party would support and back him up in such proceedings, even if his negotiations gave offence to the President and Cabinet at Washington. This letter was carefully sealed and addressed to Genera] Scott, and sent through the highly respectable Spanish house of Messrs. Hargous & Co., of this city, who have a brother in Mexi- co, engaged in trade, and who has constant communication with the head quarters of Gene- ral Scott, as well as with the Mexican govern- ment Itis now believed that Gen. Scott, in conjune- tion with Mr. Trist, and in a certain contradic- tion and opposition to the instructions of the Pre- sident and his Cabinet, have followed the sugges- tions contained in that letter of advice, sent by the friends of Mr. Van Buren and Mr. Clay, in New York, by negotiating an important treaty with the Mexican eommissioners, whose names, as we have already stated, are Senors Couto, Cuevas, and fAtristian. [t will be recollected, in con- nection with this important matter, that Mr. Trist and General Scott quarrelled on the ar- rival of the former in Mexico, to attend the army for jthe purpose of opening negotiations. The difficulties between the negotiator and the Com- mander-in-Chief continued Without any inter- mission, until Mr. Trist, for some reason or other, was repudiated by Mr. Polk’s administra- tion, and ordered back to the United States. After this took place, we find General Scott and Mr. Trist coming together, acting fogether, ne- gotiating together, and proceeding thus much in the seme direction, and on their own hook, to accomplish the treaty which may be expected from Mexico in a very short time—perhaps by the next arrival From the information communicated to us, the treaty was to have been presented immedi. ately to the new Mexican Congress, which was to aasemble on the first of the present month of January. This Congress was composed of depu- ties from all the States except Jalisco and San Luis Potosi, and they are represented to be favor- | tufiovently informed te atete, however, that the Kio Grande may be fixed as the boundary, and Upper California may be given to the United States upon payment to the Mexi- can government of the three millions of doHars, a(ter its mutual ratification by the governments of the two countries. If the money should be paid over to Mexico at an early period, and the American army should retire tothe boundary, it is very likely that a new revolution might break out in that country, and that the very money given by the United States for peace, would become the means of renewing the war in a different quarter. Whatever may be the issue of these negotiations, it is very certain that Mr. Polk and his administration are placed in a most awkward dilemma—something like that on the Oregon treaty. The treaty may be considered the work of General Scott and Mr. Trist; and we have no doubt that the friends of General Scott, in Washington, and in this city, have had private information of these move- ments in Mexico, and that the whig party in Congress will support the treaty at all hazards.— It is not likely that Mr. Pelk—although a treaty has been negotiated contrary to his directions and instructions—it is not likely that he will hold it back from the Senate, or take the respon- sibility of doing anything hostile to its confir- mation. He probably may be glad to get rid of the responsibility of continuing the war, and thus of placing the treaty on the heads of General Scott and Mr. Trist, if it should only be atree- ty that would lead to a renewal of hostilities as soon as the American army shall leave Mexico. What connection there may be between thuse negotiations and the eourt of enquiry, is another leading and important matter and topic of the present day. We cannot be satisfied in our own mind, that the President and his cabinet would order a court of enquiry on General Scott for any matter growing out of those negotiations, even if those negotiations were made without autho- rity on the part of General Scott. There is a mystery about this court of enquiry, and we wait with some impatience to see it cleared up by some call on the President for the papers, and correspondence, and facts leading to the ordering and organization of that court. On the whole, it may be said to be certain that a treaty has been negotiated between the Ameri- can and Mexican commissioners; that there was every prospect of that treaty receiving the sanc- tion of the Mexican Congress, which was to assembleat Queretaro onthe first of January; that it may be expected to come from Mexico by the next arrival trom Vera Cruz, perhaps; and that it may occupy the attention of the President, and Cabinet, and the Senate, before three weeks shall have elapsed. The effect of ail these move- meats, the negotiations, and the court of en- quiry, will be decisive, one way or other, on the Presidential issues now before the country. PRESIDENTIAL Prospgects.—The prospect of Mr. Clay’s election to the Presidency 1s increas- ing very much in this latitude. If he can get the nomination of the whigs in the national con- vention, of which there seems little doubt, and then at the election get the voters of the same States which supported him four years ago, there appears every rational probability that he may easily get the vote of New York, growing out of the dissension of the democratic party here. New York always decides the Presidential election, and will again decide it, one way or the other. The prospects ef the democratic party are not bright. They may nominate one of their best men, at the convention at Baltimore ; but if he cannot get the vote of New York, there is little chance for him. There is one man who might help them much—ihat is General Taylor. A certain branch of the whigs have come out for him here, and a portion of the democrats, in other places, have gone in the same direction. But the whig party at Washington seem to be go- ing for Mr. Clay, and not for General Taylor. If, therefore, the democratic convention should nominate General Taylor, they would be better able to beat the whigs than if they acted upon any other policy, or nominated one of theirown men. General Taylor is thought to be a good democrat ; his father was one of the Virginia democratic electors for Jefferson ; his brother in Kentucky is a democrat; the reat of his fami- ly are democrats; and why should not General Taylor be one also? In this city, the Taylor movement seems to lose ground every day, so strong are party shackles on both sides. We much fear that the meeting of the 22d will prove a failure, unless something should turn up to break down these galling party shackles. The only good policy for that meeting will be to nomi- nate a State electoral ticket, and let it take its chance. Tue Recent Mzetine at Tammany Hati.—A new and singular policy was pursued in getting up the recent meeting at Tammany Hall. The speakers all came from Washington—two Sena- tors, and one of the editors of the Union. None of the politicians of this city spoke on the occa- sion, and this forbearance was very prudent and skilful. There are such bitter quarrels here on account of the Wilmot proviso, and John Van Buren’s doctrines, among the democrats, that none of them could have madea public speech without a reference to these disputes, which would have led to an uproar, and the meeting would have broken up in a row. In such a ticklish condition of things, the com. mittee prepared resolutions only touching upon the war with Mexico, and brought on speakers from distant places, who knew nothing of the divisions of the party here. General Houston seems to heve carried off the glory of the day, and Mr. Eames, one of the editors of the Union, picked up the fragments. The whole meeting, however, was merely a piece of fog, as thick as one of those on the coasts of Newfoundland, concealing the quarrels ot the democracy for a short time,which, however, will break out afresh, with double pickled bit" terness, on the first occasion. The Utica con” vention will be held on the 16th of next month, which will give a new turn to affairs, when John Van Buren’s abolition regolutions will able to a peace, formed according to the previous instructions of Mr. Trist| Mr. Trist, at the last | date received from him, (which was the 26.h of December,) stated that he certainly would be able to leave Mexico about the middle of Janu- ary, and would probably arrive at Vera Cruz in | sufficient tiie to embark for the United States | before the first of February, as he would come down with a large train from Mexico to Vera Cruz. On the thirty-first of December, General | Seott issued an order assessing military contri- Mexico to the amount of three mil- This was a day before the meet- gress at Queretaro, to whom the The issuing of such bution lion ing of resented kick up a new row, and prepare the way for | giving the vote of New York to the whig candi- | date, whoever he may be; and the probability is it will be Mr. Clay. Of this finale to the game of John Van Buren, there appears no reasonable doubt, as things are now shaping themselves. Masqverapes—Some of the ill-informed news- papers assert that a masquerade is in preparation to be brought out at the Astor Place Opera House We doubt this very much. Masquerades are illegal in this State and those who get them up; are subject to a fine of one thousand dollars for each offence. Fifteen or twenty years ago, a mania for masquerading broke out in New York, aad they were given in every public house in the city, down to the lowest grog shop on the Five Poin The Legislature took the matter io hand, and passed a law prohibiting them for- ever in New York. No public place of amuse- ment can legally bring forth a masquerade. Pri- | vate masquerades, however, are legal, and may be got up in private houses; and the only way in | which one could be produced at the Astor Place | Opera, would be in the nature of a private mae- treaty was to be an order by Geueral Seott is deemed by many a trong reason against the prospect of any nego- tiations, or any ccessful overtures of peace ; but we don’t think so. ‘The inference is directly | the contrary Nothing would operate more trongly on the fears of the Mexican Congress, or make them more likely to agiee toa treaty, than the promulgation, at such a time, of such an order by General Scott. They would see at | onee the determination of the American general to carry matters to the farthest extremity, un- less Mexico agreed to the treaty proposed to her querade. The subscribers to the opera might get up a masquerade among themselves, and in- vite their particular triends to it; and, in this way, they might evade the law, and amuse themselves, by makiag it a private affair through. out. In no other way could a masquerade be What the terme of this treaty are we are no; | brought out at the Astor Place Opera House. | =~Uur highly respectable and venerable cotitem- porary of the Washiftgton Union, throws himself into quite a ship fever in consequence of some statements givea by us, disclosing some of the unusual steps taken by the executive in hisnego- tiations with Mexico. Ignorance and imbecility, in small doses, are two very respectable qualities, and most general- ly amiable; though, as in the present instance, they sometimes assume a fierce and threatening aspect. Our venerable contemporary at Washing- ton, without chloroform, can hardly know enough of Mexican negotiations to contradict or admit the accuracy of any statements in the Herald. He knows nothing of what is doing at Washington, and never is permitted to know any thing. He is allowed to fill the government paper with the drainings, here and there, of a decayed imagination; but gropes about in the dark after important matters; and that is all. The correct intelligence connected with the go- vernment, can only be found in certain inde- pendent journals in New York, Philadelphia and Baltimore, and no where else. Our go- vernment, singularly enough, has fallen on the same plan of communicating with the pub- lie which the British government has been in the habit of practising for a few years past The British ministry have no recognized organ; but they communicate important intelligence in- directly to the journals of the largest and most independent circulation—such as the London Times—and by that means reach, unprejudiced, the public mind. Our government is gradually passing into a similar transition state, and is be- ginning to find out the incompetency, unfitnes: and positive injury of a special organ, either at Washington or elsewhere. With these views, we can afford to make the requisite allowances for the ignorance, imbe- cility, and ill temper of our respected contempo- rary of the Washington Union. InrRiaves or Pouiticrans.-—We published yes- terday a very curions letter from John McLean, of Ohio, (one of the judges of the Supreme Court of the United States) giving his senti- ments onthe Mexican war, its origin, and pro- gress, upto this time. We give in this day’s pa- peran equally curious letter from our private correspondent at Cincinnati, giving some funny comments on that letter, and onthe position of Judge McLean himeelf. These developements place Judge NcLean, an aspirant for the Presidency, in rather an awkward position. If those statements are not true, they ought to be contradicted by competent authori- ty They reflect very seriously, as they now stand, on the political character of one of the judges of the Supreme Court, and we think that that distinguished man (who was really the only efficient Postmaster General that we ever had for the lust quarter of a century) owes it to himself, to his reputation, to the public, and to the country, to come forth and put such state- ments down, if they are not true. It founded on truth, of course the beat policy is tor him to take the **peltings of the pitiless storm,” wrap his judge’s cloak around him, and get into shelteras quietly and as fast as possible. A letter from another distinguished man—Mr. Poinsett, of South Carolina—is likewise circu- lating ia the newspapers ; but Mr. Poinsett’s po- sition, influence, and past character as a politi- cian, are so insignificant in every point of view, that his letters or his opinions would hardly need a reply, and no one seems to care a button what he thinks about the Mexican war, or the inhabi- tants of the moon. Mr. Poinsett is an amiable man—somewhat learned—can write a tolerable book; but he can’t write letters, without taking afew lessons from either General Taylor or John C. Calhoun. A New Heattn Orricer.—In the vacancy made by the resignation ot the Health Officer, the Board ef Health have appointed Dr. Childs, of this city, to supply the vacant place. Dr. Childs is a highly respectable physician, and will make a valuable officer at Quarantine. We un- derstand, however, that the Governor recently sent in the name of Dr. Whiting, a young physi- cian, for this office, and that the Legislature have not yet acted upon the nomination. The probability is, now, that it will lay over alto- gether. The following is a brief article on this subject, from the Sunday Atlas:— Heavtu Osricen —Dr. Childs, su yue Hospital, was yesterday sppointe this port by the Board of Health, in place of Dr. Van Hovenburgh, who resigned a mon’ Peo. and perempto- rily declined acting any longer. The Board has the pe to fill this vacancy under the law of 1846. Gov. Young has nominated to the Senate a successor to Dr. Van Hovenburgh, but that body has not yet acted upon it; and our veesels would be unreasonably detained at the quarantine, but for the prompt action of the Board of Health. We learn that Dr. Childs proceeds to Staten [ator tea morning, to enter at once upon the duties of office. Navat.—United States ship Preble, Com- mander Shields, was at Panama, Nov.,29th, from Monterey, to proceed for Callao after watering. of the Belle- health officer of Police Intelligence. Doings before Justice Drinker.—At the return of pri- soners arrested the night gto George Shearin,wife, and Julis Moore, were all three arraigned before the strate, they having been arrested by officer Malloy, ofthe 6th ward police, on a charge of being drunk and disorderly on the corner of Pearl and Chaiham streets. George Shearin was of raw material, with a good honest looking countenance; his wife was a little, fat, red faced * sherp nose, rather elevated, and Julis Moore, who said she was a cook {at West Farms, evi- dently told the truth, as her face resembied @ buck- wheat cake over done, and her person showed evidence of goo ing—all three being of new importation and not much accustomed to the strength of New York liquor, nor the power of the police authorities “Well, who makes a complaint sguinst these parties 7” asked the magistrate. “| do,your honor,””sald a short,dark complexioned man, who gave his name ss William Wail, keeper of » cellar of retreshment on the corner of and C) stree’ tnate—Well, what is the charge ? —These people here (pointing to the prisoners) 0 my place last night, about 7 o'clock, and called hments; and after a while they became drunk 4 noisy—mixing the sugar in the salt box —putting r in the mustard --broke plates and tumblers—mi such a muss in the box they in, that ittook vant, this morning, over haif your honor, just 6 they wer Tin to pay for half « pound of sugar that he had wasted. This he would not de; but got voracious, took me by the tried to choke me. atx—Voracious, did you say he was, after eating his supper? (Laugh Waut — Yes, your honor, be was werry voracious, and struck me, and would not pay for the sugar. Macistrate—Here. Julia Moore, what have you to ter? What did ycu see? plaise your honor, I’s a cook with Mr. Bradford at West Farms; [ knows nothing about this rs jan, (pointing to Shearin) take a littl refceshmets wid him ; an all. Macistrate—So you pick up® strange mao in the and take refreshment with him ’ deed, your honor; | ns with men y their wife slong.” The way | made my acquaintance with him was dscoursing his wife. She the “ Dipper,” (m g depot, but be- 1 pronounced the word above,) whin we discoursed together, and we soon found were both from the same county; snd 60, you see, we all came to New York together, aud being a little famishing [ took # little mite, at the invite of Mr. Shearin. Macistaate — Bat it appears, Julia, that you were very drunk and noisy, breakiug tumb! and other articles Jutia.—Oh! yes, Judge, | confess | took a little beer, and a little hot stuff, and I felt all over so tunny, that 1 never felt before; and really, your honor, don’t know what I did do, to tell you the plain truth, for the Lord above knows he’s the best judge, suving the presence of yourhonor I would not tell a lie about it Macistnatx —There, what are you diving st, with your hand in your bosom? Juris — I'm sarohing, Judge, for my karacter. two here, both good recommends Maoistaats— Yer, | suppose you have two there; but never mind, | don’t want to see either; you have shown me enough slready Jvutia—Indeed, | cook for Mr. Bradford, and « good nice gentleman he is, too. Macserrate—I! have no doubt of that; but Julie, if youcontinue to drink liquor and get drunk, you will toon lose your situation amd become a vagrant about the streets. Shearin then addressed the bench, commencing with alow bow, saying—“ It appears, my lord, he is (looking towards com| 7g) willing to settle it.” Leming dae rma Me he den’t wish to make the charge agaiost you, | shall dismiss the complaint; wae ° was accordingly doue, and the accused Court room with Mr. Wall, in order to psy the damages’ A I have 8) which wore estimated at $10 thus peang | rether dearly for their nights fan, ands ledging in the watch-house into the bargain. TRURGRAPBIC I\TELLIGENCE, News from the South. Pererssuvon, Jan. 30, 1848, The New Orleans papers to the afternoon of the 24th inst., have been received by overland express, but they contain nothing later from the war quarter. A very large mass meeting of citizens favora- ble to General Taylor for the Presidency, was held at New Orleans on the evening of the 23d. The meeting was very erowded and very enthu- silastic. Two attempts were made in the Legislature of Louisiana, to elect a Senator to Congress; but the vote resulted each time in a tie between Mr. Benner, whig, and Mr. Slidell, democrat. Fire, Pur.apevrnta, Jan. 30, 1848. A fire was discovered about eight o’clock this evening, ina house in Chestnut street, a few doors above Third street, between the North American Bank and the Franklin House. The surrounding property was endangered, but the firemen succeeded in confining the fire to the building in which it broke out. The building was occupied by several tenants as offices ; the store by Smith’s pickling establishment. Markets, New Oatxans, Jan. 24.—Cotton is in fair demand at previous quotations. Sugar is without change. Mo lasses continues dull, with sales at 18 to 18}¢ ote. The flour market is quiet. Exchenges are nominal, without transactions any of importance. In freights we notice several new engagements. Shi Intelligence. Naw Oateans, Jan 22—Arr ships James Perkins, Hall, Bor ton: Wi ‘Burleigh, do; Partheon, ——: bark George ic; brig Capt, Tom, do; schr Boston indiana, Bennett, New York; EZ, Hartshorn Galena, Bunker,do, Mopie, Jan 23—Arr brig Figaro, Havana; schr Edward & Frank, Portsmouth. Cld bark Qcean Bird, Providence; brig Dorota, Barcelona; sehr Patriot, Matagoru: Theatricals, dc,, Last Week. As the season advances, and public balls and private entertainments are at their height, the theatres and other places of amusement naturally are not so well at- tended ; this cause, however, has scarcely begun to ope- rate as yet, and all last week the various houses did an excellent business. The Cirous company at the Park, is very well attended every evening, and we do not think that Sands, Lent & Co, have any cause to complain—on the contrary, they must have netted a handsome sum last week. The Satur- aay afternoon performances were crowded. ‘he Bowery, with its war spectacles, has done a fine business. They have also been giving tragedies at this hous», which served te produce a pleasing variety in the entertainments. Mr. Marshall, who takes the leadin; tragic business, is a rising actor,who will stand very hig! tome day They bring out the “Siege of Monterey” this evening At the Chatham theatre, the various actors of the company have b-en benefits during the past week ‘The houses have The Model Artists, who havelpertormed here for #0 many weeks successively, (aighteen, we believe.) have gone to Albany. Tke Chatham theatre is doing » good paying business. ‘The Model Artists at Falmo’s, Christy's Minstrels, and all the various places of amusement, have been well at- tended as usual. The fact is, there is @ great demand for amusement in New York, and there is an equally great supply of the material for it Bruxetti’s Mover or Anctent Jenusare.—We un- derstand that Mr. Malone Raymond, proprietor of Bru- tis Model of Ancient Jerusajem, asrived here yester- packet ¢hip Switzerland, and will,in s few xhibit to the public this most beautiful work. model is the result of antiquarian research, Jo- hus and the Bible being the chief authorities. By a hour's inspection of it, an accurate and comprehen- sive view of the holy city, and its relative parts, can be obtained. ‘The city is represented as it was immediately after th ‘the Savior, and with illustrations of e death the texts of scripture relating to that important epoch ‘We had the pleasure of seeing this work when we were last in Europe,and feel bound to represent it as one of most valuable and interesting works of art that has been exhibited on this side ofthe Atlantio. fthe ever Marine Affairs. Packet Suir Switzercanv.—The iollowing card has been sent us by the passengers of the Switzerland, just arrived from London and Cork :— To Carrain A. F. Furtcuar, from the cabin passen- gers of the London packet ship Switzerland. New Yorx, Jan. 29, 1848. Dean Sin—Having safely arrived in your besutiful country,we beg you will accept this trifling, but sincere. expression of gratitute for distinguished manner in which, as commander of the packet ship Switzerland, you have so ably and kindly ‘ged your duties during the voyage, from the hour of leaving England up to the present moment. It ia no less a pleasure to us, than we trust it will be tifying to your own feelings, that we should pay a Kroerved tcibute to your zeal, gentlemanly conduct, and practical sbility,on taking our departure We have witnessed and experienced all with equal gratification. Believe us, my dear sir, that we fe our leave of you with regret, and with the warmest and most sincere good wishes for your future welfare; and that you may live long end happily to epjoy the fruits of your well earned ‘and hon reputation, are the ardent and anxious wishes of ‘ours, most faithfully and truly, Ricwanp Maton Ravmonp, (for himself and family.) Joun Waitwent, Wituam Warner, R, Baemnivce, F. G. Taror, C. Cuvatew. —Yesterday was a very pleasant day, the weather having moderated cons decabty, and pre- ring. To- and pre- sent, there not having fallen a snow which rei more than two yr and enly in two cases has the wea- ther been very cold, and then for not more than three or four days each time. This is the last day of January ‘a mo: th which, for pleasant weather, has not been equalled by the corresponding month of any year for the past twenty years. Gommon Councit.—The Board of Aldermen will hold a stated meeting atthe usual hour this evening. Firg.—A fire broke out, about 5 o’clock on Saturday evening, in the attic chamber ef house No. 1 Abingdon patie by Mr. Young, which was put out with LJ ANOTHER x.—A fire broke out about half past seven o’clock§ last night, in an out building, rear of No. 108 Beekman street, which was entirely destroyed The fire is supposed to have originated from the oven of the bakery of Messrs. Johnson & Treadwell, which was ad- joining. The property belongs to Mr. Roosevelt, of Maiden lane, and was fully insured. The damage is very triflin; Serious Accipent.—A man named Joseph Buckley, residing in Mulberry street, was very seriously hurt on Saturday night, by falling into the area of a house, No 34 Beekman street, having received a severe incision on the skull. He was taken to his residence, where he is said to be in a very critical situation. Fit anp Disase.—In passing through the city, yesterday, we could not but notice the miserably filthy condition of several of the streets in the very heart of the city in Elm, Anthony, Duane and Reade streets, the paving is almost entirely hid by every kind of filth; so much that, indeed, anvalmost suffocating stench is sure to salute the olfactory nerves of every one passing through them. This dereliction of duty,on the part of those who superintend the streets, should be most posi- tively censured; and if they will not do their cuty, ap- point some one who will isease is abi in the city; merators, than all the city be- In Murderer’s alley, al‘o, there were frequently three or four deaths inva day, and it is not astonish- ing, when the condition of the place is considered. In the building known as the “old brewery,” there were breathing one hundred and thirty-five persons, besides nearly as mavy bogs in the cellar, a part of which. with- out @ pane of glass or apy aperture for ventilation, was by some four or five families, all sleeping on the ground floor, without even an apology for a bed, Should this state of things be allowed to exit, we may only expect @ far more fetal summer than the past The whole city will become impregnated with the fou missma which rises from that section, and thé now hor- tible <ship fever will assume a more malignant and hideous form. Will not the proper health offloer of the city attend to this in time? By so doing, the city will be saved the presence of a greater scourge than that of the cholera of 1632 Scnoor Examination. —Th ination of the pu- din James street, The scholars, in their prompt pils ot Ward School No. 10, situ took place on Friday. year, upon the preceptors, particu- larly in the 1 depar:ment. In the exami yesterday, & committee were appointed as exami: who carried out @ most rigid course, and indeed one of them was so harsh in his manner as to confuse the the pupile of one of the princ! sh an extent that it rendered them unfit for the per- formacce of the task which had been imposed upon them. In rome of the ‘d schools of thi well worth the time of one interested to id fo them, and observe the perfect decorum and unanimi. a, revails, every one attending closely to his or studies. Lamers Out —Vor the last week or ten da has been necessary to light the streets at nigl portions of the upper part of the city hi totel darkness. In the Fourth avenue it is of very fre quent ocourrence thet not more than one out of five lamps is burning, and so with the streets crossing. It is certainly not in consequence of the oil becoming oon- gealed from the cold, nor is it the consequence of proper attention. There iss quantity of cheap oil for sale in the streets up town, by thone who hawk it around, Aecwent.—At about 4 o’olock on Saturday last, a Indy and child, who had just left one of the Harl-m stages on Th avenue, were seriously injured in con- sequence of being run down by one of the sporting try, who was testing the speed of his nag on that feea ful thoroughfare. There isa law, we believe, to it racing in the public streets, and we hope it will be enforved ou all proper cooasions, | se Amertean and Memizan A@aira, eee ea Ont, Tan 8, 1048 The Progress aj Annetation—The Health of the City—Trade— Military t Movemente. I will give you a slight sketch of passing events in this Americanized city; for, truly, everything is becoming more so daily, with the exception of the buildings, and even they are improving in cleanliness. The palace has just received a coat of whitc- wash, and presents an imposing appearance. General Twiggs, (the old war horse,) the pre= sent commandant, is doing wonders in the way of whipping Mexican delinquents, particularly horse and mule thieves. This morning two guerillas were arrested, one a lieutenant, whe has confessed the fact that he has two or three hundred men a short distance from the city. He will be severely punished, more particularly as he attempted to choke the officer who arrested him,and, in fact, nearly aecomplished his pur 08. : The city is tolerably healthy, although there are isolated cases of yellow fever, generally of a mild form; but this dreadful scourge has made terrible ravages throughout the past season. The market is overstocked with goods, and many have lost largé sums; the consuls, and a heavy foreign mercantile house monopolizing the business with the interior. e have every description of goods, wares and merchandise at lower prices than thev can be obtained in the United States—New Orleans being so near that if the market becomes bare of any particular ar- ticle of merchandise, a hundred stand ready to order it, andin a short time the city will be flooded; of course, a benefit to us consumers, but death to the producer. zs We had an arrival of troops from New York, and among them some recruits for the New York volunteer regiment under Col. W. B. Bur- nett, who, I understand, {s in a fair way of pro- motion. ‘They are looking well. ‘ The city isin commotion concerning an or- der from General Scott, granting a monopely to the highest bidder, of the sale of segars and tobacco. Spy. ee J gl 6, bia Appearance of Matamoras—Trade—Smuggling— Webster’s and Clay’s Speeches on the ‘Par’ Matamoras begins to wear the aspect of acity of the United States—the appearance of Ameri- can police, Christmas, New Years, and the approaching eighth of January balls, remind us of some southern city ef the United States. Commerce appears flourishing, and traders are continually arriving from New Orleans with large stocks of goods, great numbers of whom are French; and at some particular coffee-hou- ses, ot a night, one would imagine that he was somewhere in the vicinity of the St. Louis Ex- change, New Orleans. Nothing is now wanted but a proper and sta- ble government, to make Matamoras a flourish- ing and prosperous city. The revenue is large, considering the facilities that can be found to. smuggle from the mouthof the river to Mier, of which there is much done ; but many haye lately been caught in the act, and lost ull their goods The manner of smuggling is to load either be- low or above Matumoras, Reynosa, and Ca- margo, and employ carts to transport them into the interior ;_ but a late order now confiscates all teams found hauling goods in this wae: conse- sequently, it is hard work to get any ) dexicans to undertake such jobs. Since the order from Washington, that subsistence must be obtained from the enemy, the quarter master here has been compelled to pay about two dollars per bushel for corn; and even ut MEA fabs it isa hard matter te procure enough for the ordinary forage of go- vernment animals. Owing to the drought, little erno corn has been raised on the Rio Grande, and all used here comes from the interior. The soil is very rich, but from long droughts and the general indolence of the people, agriculture is at alowebb. _. é . Ardent spirits now come in by paying duty; con- sequently the trade of smuggling in liquor has lost itsnovelty. Various ways have been adopt- ed to escape the vigilance of the officers of the different posts. The most effective mode was to insert a small keg, of fitteen or twenty gallons, in the centre ot a flour barrel, and then fill it up with flour, and pass it assuch ; another, and, per- haps, a better course was, to put the barrels or casks .in oil casks, and pagsit as spermoil;— and another method was, to put a barrel in the centre of acrate of crockery, and enter and pay customary duty. 2 Nothing new from above. We had an arrival from New Orleans last evening, Bringing patiere to the twenty-seventh, but little news. e are all looking to the action of Congress upon the further prosecution of the war. Mr. Clay's views are generally condemned here, and his warmest admirers are struck with astonishment to hear such views from him, their idol. How is it, that such men as Clay, Webster, and others of gigantic intellect, only look to the dark forebodings of the future, by the extension of territory, and make no allowance forthe gene- ral good that wall be brought upon Mexico her- self, and to civil liberty on this continent? Would Mr. Clay, in his heart, desire to see our victorious arms withdrawn, and trust to treach- erous and haughty Mexico to bring about a peace, by proper concessions’? I think Mr. Clay should know better the character of the Mexi- cans. Would he relinquish those bloody battle fields, where so many of our army have perished to vindicate the honor and glory of our common country, and his gallant son, one of the officers, upon the altar of justice and honor? Ranerr. NEWS FROM YUCATAN. [From the New Orleans Picayune, Jan. 22 ] The Havana papers have dates from Yucatan to the 25th ult. The Congress or Legislative Assembly met in an extra cession on the 2ist at Merida. A mersage was delivered by Governor Mendez giving a deplorable ao- ) The Governor has d into an arrangement with Senor Zetins, recent- ly at the head of @ revolutionary attempt, by which he will be kept quiet. He is to receive $600, and join im- mediately the Yucatan commissioners in Washington, and his family are to receive a monthly stipend during his absence. Whi je returns he isto be a captain of infantry. Various stipulations made in favor of other officers compromised with Zetina So this civil dissension, which cost 150 lives in one battle, is put down. Commodore Perry returned from his late visit to Yucatan, somewhat chagrined that he was unable to have a personal interview. The Indians in insurrection, though they have been repeatedly routed, still carry on scruel wari pon the white population. All the in- habitants of Merida and its vicinity, have been comptl- Jed to take up arms to deferfd themselves from the sava- MISCELLANEOUS MEXICAN INTELLIGENCE. [Correspondence of the N. O. Picayune ] Mrxice, Deo, 20, 1847,— Yesterday, Generals Butler and Lane arrived in this city, aud this afternoon Col. Johnsen eame in with his command from Ayotla — Strange to sey, no mail came in with them, except the letters by the British packet, and it is now supposed that, by some unaccountable error, it must have been left at Paebla. Considering the anxiety that is natural- ly felt here by every one to receive news from home, this negligence is unpardenable. Riley’s brigade is now eomfertably domiciled at Tacubaya, and on Sunday, Cushing’s brigade moved out to San Angel This last command consists of the Ist and 2d Pennsylvania, New York, South Carolina and Massachusetts Volunteers.— These removals make room for the new troops, and, as Gen. Marshall is expected in a week or two, with some five or six thousand men, still further movements must be made. Apropos of movements: report has it that the latter end of this week will see « march for Queretaro, Toluca aod SanLuis Gen. Cadwalader is spoken of for the first, and Gen Patterson for the latter place. No- thing certain is yet known on the subject, but it would not surprise me io nee a movement made at the tims de- signated. | attemded the railroad mesting held at Paol.’s on Saturday afternoon last, and found the room well filled. Among the Lag were Lieut. Col. Hebert, of Louisiana, Lieut. Col. Biack, of Pennsylvani: Caldwell, of the Marines, and Mr. McMicken, our wor- thy postmaster. Thisthing has passed a joke. When men like Col Hebert, @ practical engineer and s mi f noted scientific attainments, take Ip Eleerigea he e kind, it isan evidence at least of the entire practioa- bility of the scheme. Col. Hebert stated that he held in his hand a survey of the route, made in 1832, and that the railroad could be made at the almost in- credibly low cost of five millions of doliars—iess than fitteen theusand dollars a mile. Col. Black expatia' on the benefits the proj railroad would the native (ndians of the country, whom he oor to two-legged mules; bat Col. Hebert stated that this very class the greatest opposition mi ed,and said thet iad every reason to bi adores wore about getting up ap: vasure. He cited the fact of a law being ould be | thi i of Sa Qdlazuy ate sontariad Jnl agen ei formed thet eve jutions would Pi On Friday night ment, for ‘the bene- the male perform- Dre, a6, 15d Yesterday took a holids 96, 1847.— eve: . The streets were filled wit Mezloan dressed te their geyest attire, and the churches and public build- ings were decorated with branehes of palm and sprues, accerding to established eustoms. About 3 o’clook in the afternoon, s special courier arrived from Vera Crus with the President's To-day a party left fer Pachuca, a place about eighty miles northeast of this, and a short distance from the silver mines ef Real 1 understand their pi is to eollest the ver bars manufactured thereby an English company. The party consisted of the 9th regiment of imfan' iquadron of and a cou) oe Pieeos ipetihie ave 00 ‘@ novel en! fit of the ladies of the establishment, entirel, ded. ; Prisoners taken by our army in the valley of Mexice were released ca ednesday last, by Gen. Soot, t of honor not again to ta rol 4. the #0) em in the street on Thureday per, comtaining their parole, by the “Arohbishop sod’ prin! were taken fighting the yet, had it not beeg for the humanity ef ti ors, they would have starved in prison; whilethe principal ladies and citizens of thiscity vied with each other in sent- ies to the infamous San Patricio ir Own countrymen to die of hun- ger, for all they knew or cared. Mi tude. On Tucsday last him instantly. He was taken to the guard but on examination it turned out that it was acsidental, the soldier baving given him a revol' house; tirely ‘he f Gen. Smith. This step was rendered absolutely necessal by the duplicity whieh has characterized thelr pro ings towards the American authoritities. The m pal elections of Mexieo, according to law, must be he! on certain days, aud the Governor ordered soheld. The government at Queretaro, howe: forbidden the holding of cleetions iu aay place ooeupied by the American army; and in obedience te these or- ders, the Ayuntamiento postponed the elections, telling the Governor that it was done to prevent disorders — Acting under this old counell and in- are their 2 The followin; ullera; 8th do, Arts Frederico Hube; 6th do, Jui Eucoing; 7th do, Ca; Griffon; 9th do, Joaquin Ruiz; 18th do, Pedro Vand linden; 11th do, Jacinto Peres; 12th do, Mareo Forices. Sindico, Lic. Miguel Buenrestro; de, Lic, Ignacio Nieva. Inthe Republiceno, p med at Guadalajara, is a paragreph stating that “ Semor D Framcisoo Ribaud, has been apy by the 1 of the Navy new orders” aan until On Frida: poet ocoasion ny from ge, Allin r,? and Mexican Congress, some that bi tually now on record, and by an enterprising American, from Troy, K, ian % some natrow wheeled wagons, whi fr their superior speed, threatened to monopolize the t: of the republic. Although this movement may be, and doubtless, is somewhat premature, thery is no doubt on ‘that this railroad will be built, and at n jurvey, made by plished engi- ght line from Vera Crus to Mexico Passes over no mountains, and crosses ; the t, though great, is very gradual: and ® quarter in every hundred ure of the groun tr amale favorable. T' pointed out th ‘tremes of the countr, The road passes to the south of Orinaba Tlascala, to the norch of Puebla, from whence was to connect the latter city. Waoen Yast advantages atte stro mdi a nod enterpritog desoun Al og minded and ent Saxons, to confer upon this benightod people the ber of civilisation; first of whieh is the proposed railroad. ) on Lewy | night last, we had « Revolt of the Harem,” in which piece wasa doleful ripeae oalled “ £1 T there was any quantity of legs displayed eased in every variety ef Sehts One pair of browns ded attention by their plum portions and perfect symmetry. On Tuesday next the actors of the company take © benefit. when they intend to ap” characters with the ladies, and, as they say in nounce! it, “deseend tl lignity ef lords wainte with the crafty and: deceiving pettisoete ™ eTibie e crafty and deceivin; jeoats ” is oe ee pes Heh affair. i rds o’Cloek, P. M.—I have just heard, from good autho- rity, that orders have been issued for the departure of the divisions of eee Generals Butler and Patterson, the latter end of this or the commencement of next are te move on San Luis Potosi, and at a* f that place are to diverge—the one to ther to a town to the south-east of San luis. This is the plan of operations at present, and ail l have been enabled te gather om the subject. The movement will take place as soon as the quarter- master can fit the expedition out. The mews from Que- retaro is not of much importano: ‘here has been an attempted revolution there, which was put down by President Anaya, assisted by two corps of artillery. The ringleaders are determined to wait until Anaya leaves the presidential chair, which will bo onthe 8th of Jan., whon Congress meets, and the constitutional President will be declared. Herrera is said tobe the man. The leaders of the revolt have written to the governors and legislatures of the different States, denouncing Anaya asa friend to peace. The late law for the better reguia- tion of the arm: pears to have created mueh dissatis- cers and soldiers, partioulariy the ir pay. The Corres Netienai con- resignations of different officers — generals included—who aj tothink there may be some prospect of a fight. Mora is about to demand sa- \isfaction from Gen. Scott for his order relative to guer- rilleves. The late municipal elections im this city ap- pear to have created some excitement in Queretaro, ‘They complain bitterly of the election of foreigners. INTELLIGENCE €ROM SANTA FE. Mr. Aubrey, from Santa Fe, arrived at St. Louis, on the 17th inst. Mr. A. passed Fort M in the night. His camp was visited the next morning by some Ameri- cans, who represented the state of affairs at the Fort, 80 far as discipline and order were concerned, as most de- ploratle. Every man, office: were going tton thelr own Book. Capte wasstil! in com- mand. Col pin was at Fort Bent. Mr A. wi ° tacked by a party ef Mexican rob! lly from Sante F e, 80 m1 mules stolen from him. He was d half a day b: Indians, and lost half a day ina mow storm He bad five men in company with him, but they were unable to keep up and he left them. ant remained with him until he was within sixty imiles of Couucil Grove, when he gave out. But forthese detentions, he is oer. tain he could have made the trip intwelve days, A tlip from the office of the Santa Fe. Republican, dated on tho 224, says:—A great excitement occured in’ town yester- day afternoon, in consequence of a Mexican boing ate rested, supposed to be Cortes, but turnedoutto be « Re- procentative for the Legislature, from the county of an Miguel. Lieut, Provost, with a'small party of men, left here night before last, to apprehend one of the princi al men belonging to the army of Cortes. As yet, they ave not returned. There is also another expedition sent out, but we arenot at liberty to state the object of it. Captain Skillman and Mr. William Smith, of Santa Fe, arrived from El Paso late in November. "They re- ported that Governor Trias was at Chihuahua, with six hundred troops, and fifteen hundred more wereexpected to join him et Sonoma. Captain Skillman hended tne detachment of twenty-three men which entered the town of El Paso, and took possession of it ‘They ep- peared there just as the prople were going to Chihushue and when the Plusa was filled with nen, Ex-Governor Armijo dropped his closk and fled. He afterwards re- delivered himself up a prisoner, but soon vielated | d fled. Several of the Navajo chiefs re- : P ieit to Santa Fe, with a view to treat for | ut they met with no encouragement. Dr. Mor | surgeon to Colonel Rall’s regiment, arrived at Santa | Feon tne 25th November, in company with Mr. MoCar- | ty, of the firm of Bullard, Hook, & Co. Whon two | days from Los Vegos, the company were attacked by « fifty or tixty Indians, and in the fight six of them were killed. ‘The Indians were of the Apache tribe. Noone was hurt in McCarty’s party —S¢. Louis Republican, | January 19. i the oseasion, ipposed to be Cor! cently peace, tor CALIFORNIA MATTERS. ‘ We have received the Californian, published ‘ at San Francisco, from Sept. 8th to Sept. 22, trom which we gather the following items ot! intelligence :— q The first judicial execution, or im fact, capital punish: | ment, by the oivil or military authority, which has taken place in the country since its conquest, occurred at the village of Santa Cruz, on the north side of Mon- | terey Bay; the criminal executed was the murderer of his wife, by cutting her to death with his knife, after, tying her up, and securirg her hands and body to a’ rafter of bis house; alittle daughter saw the murder, ‘ and rau to the neighbors; after the murderer had dea- troyed his victim, he sent for her sister and told her to! take away the body, bis koife sitll in her body. An! alarm was raised, the murderer caught as he was endea, | Voring to make his way into church ! Judge Blackburn, ! the aloalde of Santa Cruz, held a court, and a jury of / twelve citizens unanimously convicted him of the mur- der. Four Californians volunteered to exeoute the sentence, and shot the criminal by order of the court.— Such are the facts, as officially communicated. The murderer was a Mexican, who, it is suid, had already murdered @ previous wite. A letter to the Californian, states that The Indians about St. Luis are getting worse ever; day; every measure taken towards them by government, with whatever good intentions, has tended to augment / their disorders ‘Their,charaeter is entirely misunder stood by the military commanders. In pursuance of an order of the Governor, an ¢ election for town council of San Francisco, took | place on the 18th Sept, at which two hundrec { votes were cast. 3 H In order to prevent desertion, Colonel Mason, ( of the first U. 8. dragoons, has imposed a fine! of $500 on any person who shall aid and abet it | any desertion of sailors belonging to any vesse | on the coast of California. On the 22d Sept., the mercury in San Francis co, was as high as 96 in the shade. ARMY INTELLIGRNCR. The brig Russia, Capt. White, sailed yesterday fo Vera Crus, with eleven men for service in the Quarter master’s Department, and government stores.—N, 0 Prcayune, Jan 22 Four companies Michigan Volunteers left yesterd: ontl ig Danvers, for Vera Cruz, under commend 2 Col T. B. W. Svockton—Captains Curtenis, Grunge Rowlandand Wittenmeyer Lieuts, Roberts and Cum mings are left at the hospital, ) it is expected the: will soon be able to join their it The tr ops ar under orders to proceed to th Scott, immediately after debark! Delta, Jan, 19th, quarters of Gen it Vera Crus.—N.C losity Wanreo.—Barnum is desirous of purchar 000 48 porsible, for public exhibition, an engax: jent of the actor Booth, wherein the veteran did nc Play better than ever” ’ Also—if such a thing can b had—one where he did not play at all.—Tr- Joh Donkey,

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