The New York Herald Newspaper, January 29, 1848, Page 2

NEW YORK HERALD. Worth-weet Corner of Fulton and Nessa sts, JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR. PaMILY HERALD—Every dav, Lynda sagudes-y 2 nie per cos 7 ennum—i fe len. Ee eee ee ner annum, te include the pes: RALD—Kvery Saturday—Price m—in the United States in, 85 nen annum, to ine be published onthe day a 3s af the departure of cach steamer, with intelligence Srom parts ef the American continent to the latest moment ripions and gdvertisements received by Messrs. ont, 18 rue Pivienne, Paris; P. L. Simonds, 18 nd John stiller, ‘bookseller, Henrietta street, DENTIAL HERALD—Every Tuesday—One ‘umpaign. GDVERTISEMENTS (new every morning) at rea- suadle prices; to berwritien sn a plain, legible menner— The proprietor not responsible for errors in manuscript. PRINTING of ll kinds eoccuted beautufaliy ond with despatch. All orders at the Publication Office, corner of Sulton and Nassau streets. ALL LETTERS by mail, for subsoryptions, ov with advertisements, to be post paid, or the postage will be de- éucted from the rym remitted. VOLUNTARY CORRESPONDENCE, containing licited from quarter of the world— choays be Wheraily paid for. zi con be taken of anonymous communica- ‘ions. Whatever is intended for insertion must be authen cated by the name and address of thi rily for publication, but asa gu . WVecannet undertake to return rejected communications. ALL PAYMENTS to be made in advance. AMUSEMENTS THIS DAY AND EVEN PARK THEATRE—Sanps, Lent & Co.'s Ams Sreus; tn theirararions Feats ‘Pwo performances, at BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery—Ricnanp lIl—3rd and ith Act of the Bartie oF Mexico—Gotpen Fanmen. FOR AN Oniver=dth VENTRILOQUISM. OPERA HOUSE, Chambers streat—Turers’ Mover Autisrs. MECHANICS’ HALL, Broadwa: & Ys MINSTRELS—E.THIO: &e. Two performances, BROADWAY ODKON, Brosdway—Necro Battap anp Comic Sincine—VeNTRILoQuisM, &e. Act ear Broome street — PANORAMA FALL, Brosdway, near Honatno= 3am. 's Paxonama ov THE Mississipi. Two performances, and7 P.M. ew York, Saturday, January ry 29, 1848, &g- Advertisements received for one insertion only. Whe News bv Telegraph, We received by the southern telegraphic line, last night, highly interesting intelligence from Yucatan, by an arrival at New Orleans from Ha- vana. The Congress of Yucatan, on asssembling at Merida, on the 21st December, received a mes- sage from the Governor, giving a deplorable ac- count of affairs on the Peninsvla. Arrangements had been entered into by the Governor with Ze- tina, a revolutionary chieftain, by which he was to join the Yucatan commissioners at Washing- ton, probably with a view to urge the annexation of that country to the United States. Our telegraphic suinmary of the proceedings in the national and State legislatures yester- day, will be found interesting. The transac- tions in Congress comprised the introduction of a bill in the Senate, by Mr. Rusk, of Texas, to authorize the Preident to increase the naval establishment of the United States ; and a resolution from Mr. Miller, of New- Jersey, calling on the President tor informa- tion as to whether any duties had been le- vied and collected on goods imported into Mexico by citizens of the United States, and if 80, What euthority he had for such procedure. Debate was continued on the ten regiment bill, Mr. Phelps concluding his speech. Mr. Cass expressed a desire to have the debate on this bill terminated immediately. Mr. Downes, of Lou- isiena, obtained the floor for to-day. In the House, a bill was introduced for the improve- ment of the Hudson river. Debate on the Pres- ident’s message, and other business, was got through with, which it is unnecessary here to recapitulate. A caucus of the whig members of Congress was held last night, at which it was determined to recommend a national convention for the no- mination of candidates tor President and Vice President. They did not, however, decide en the time for holding the convention. The legislative proceedings, market reports, merine intelligence, &c. &c., under the proper head. ‘The Treaty of Peace with Mexico. We have further and special news of the treaty of peace with Mexico, and that which we have had,is now rapidly dissipating intothinair. That a treaty has been made by Mr. Trist, in spite of his recall, in conjunction with General Scott, in spite of his suspension, we have positive intelli- gence of. This treaty has not been yet received at Washington, but is expected by the next arri- val from Vera Cruz. The terms, however, are known in Washington, and they are disapproved by the Cabinet. We don’t know positively what Mr. Polk thinks of it; but he may offer it to the Senate. It is supposed that General Scott and Mr. Trist have made the treaty on their own hook, without regard, or in opposition, to the Executive It is still doubted in some quarters whether there is a treaty, although all admit there is ome basis, or form of proceeding, looking to a treaty between Mr. Trist and the rump of the Mexican government, if such a rump still exists. We don’t doubt it. We have no faith, however, Post Orrick Arrains—Fornion ann Domestic. —We give in our columns to-day, a very im- portant paper, It is a report by Mr. Hobbie, Assistant Postmaster General, of an abortive negotiation attempted in Europe, in relation to the foreign mail service. This report may be called an able, eloquent, and powerful apology for the incapacity of the Postmaster General, and of the President's judg- ment, who appointed such a man to office. Even the great experience, the sound sense and un- questioned talents of Mr. Hobbie, appear to be under acloud when he comes to serve under the direction of such a lump of incapacity as Cave Johnson,who is, with the President, agreat man, it seems, in one of the little counties of Tennes- see, but a miserable little man at the head of such an establishment as the Post Office Depart- ment of the United States. This report represents the British government, in this negotiation, under a most unfavorable point of view. There can be no doubt of the ac- curacy of this view. The obstinacy, stupidity, pride and impertinence of the management of the United States Post Office Department cannot be exceeded except it be by the same qualities, amplified by age and years, to be found in the greatest state of developement in the Bri- tish Post Office Department. There are two na- tions—great commercial nations—two homo- geneous races—anxious and willing to commu- nicate, with rapidity and cheapness, their ideas in relation to businessor other affairs; but instead of being permitted to do so, they are prevented by the mutual pride, obstinacy, self-will, and in- capacity of the heads of the British and United States Post Office Departments. If it were pos- sible to de the deed, the whole British Post Of- fice Department, head and shoulders, should be tumbled into the Thames, and the same thing should be done to the American Post Office De- partment, in the Potomac. If there is any common sense yet remaining among the English people, not pawned and pledged to the Jews, as we know there is among the American people, we trust that both of them will endeavor to agitate and bring the matter before their respective Ingislatures, in order that they may counsel and direct each department to do its duty, and aid and assist two great commu- nities of people in pertecting a mutual and cheap intercourse, for their mutual benefit. Really and truly, we begin to entertain the opinion that a Post Office Department is rather a burden and an intolerance, and that the whole business of transporting letters would be better in private hands than in such incompetent, im- pertinent, obstinate, miserable, inefficient hands | as those of the British and American Post Office Departments. While on this subject, we find the following in a contemporary :— Foreicy Maits.—A bill bas been presented in the Se- nate by Mr. Niles,from the committee on the Post Offi which is designed to regulate our intercourse with En; land. Mr. Niles had the sagacity to see at the last sion of Congrers. that those difficulties would arise, and efforts were made by him to obviate them, which failed of success. He stated that our mail to Southampton and Bremen had encountered difficulties in England, from the illibe- raland upjust policy of the British government. All letters conveyed in our mail, to be leit at Southampton, mot only for England, but for France and other coun- triesin the south ot Europe, intended to be sent from Southampton to Havre in France, were subjected to a postage of twenty-four cents. This subjects letters transmitted inthe American mail to forty-eight cents postage, while those in the British mail pay but twenty- four The er gages by Mr. Niles subjects letters brought in British or other foreign mails to twenty-four cents postage, to counteract the operation of the law, and provides for regulating the transmission of letters to and from the United States to all foreign countries. Generat Scort anp His BrorHEer OrFIcERs.— There isagreat deal of sympathy existing in certain quarters in favor of General Scott, in consequence of the court of enquiry ordered en him by the administration. Some of the jour- nals are quite indignant, and call on the admi- nistration to give to Congress all the papers, and documents, and information, respecting the diffi- culties between the commander-in-chief and his generals. We trust that this call will be made by Con- gress, and that quickly. When Senator Critten- den made a certain enquiry of General Cass, in the Senate, the latter should have refused to an- swer any enquiries, but have requested Mr. Crit- tenden to offer a resolution, asking for all the in- formation on the subject, and then have con- curred in supporting it. This would have been the best method for Mr. Cass to have pursued. As the matter now stands, the public mind is in the dark. General Scott is in some trouble— General Worth is in some trouble—the admin tration is introuble. There is blame somewhere; but no one can tell where or what it is. In the meantime, persons endeavor out of this difficulty and mystery to extract sufficient mat- ter to make General Scott a candidate for the “next Presidency, and propose giving him a din- ner—a ball—a polka—at the Astor House, on his arrival in this city. General Scott, in cer- tain respects, would make a splendid President ; but itis very evident, from his various letters and correspondence, that after the fighting is over, he is extremely jealous, and touchy to a fault. He wants that mastery over his own feelings which old Rough and Ready possesses. We want more light on the subject before we can tell what to think of it. From hints that have been thrown out in certain quarters, it is not only possible, but probable, that there is more that this treaty of peace, or any permanemt ar- | behind the curtain, in the hands of the adminis- rangement, can be made with Mexico. We doubt | tration, than the public have any conception of. the existence of any other kind of peace with | It is not for trifling cause that the administration, Mexico than that which now prevails. The | in the present state of the popular mind, and the American ry holds that country, and thus far | present condition of our relations with Mexico, has given it peace and quiet. Yet neither | would order a court of enquiry on General Scott. the United States nor the administration | We would not be surprised before long to hear wish annexation for the present, or to make | of an explosion that willcreate more noise than hat measure openly their policy. Annexa- | the explosion caused by the “hasty plate of tion or absorption, if it come at all, will | soup” letters. Indeed, it is very likely that the come from the necessity of the case—the | people of the United States will wake up some necessity of not finding a responsible government | fine morning, and see prepared for them another in Mexico with which to make a treaty, or a | hasty plate of soup, perhaps more “ hasty” and capability to preserve the peace of that country, | more ‘“‘soupish” than what they contracted for or of complying with the conditions of any treaty | Messrs. Polk, Marcy & Co. are very cool, cun- that might be made with it. ning men. They would not suspend Gen. Scott ‘The relations of the United States with Mexico | for a trifle. Let us wait and see it out. Ge are in an anomalous and indescribable condition | ral Scott's position, character, services, patriot- Nor is there any appearance that this condition of | ism, &c., cannot be long covered up in mystery things will besoon changed. They may remain | and darkness. in the same condition, not only this year, but the Traraie at one mea next, and the nextafter the next. If our govern- Tax Tayton Movement in ris Crry.—We ment, by the recent policy put forth in the orders | must edmit there is great difficulty in con- ot General Scott, is enabled to collect revenues centrating the Taylor forces in this city. There in Mexico sufficient to sustain the army in that | are four or five cliques, all wiiling to make Gen. region, we do not believe that that country wil! | Taylor the Presidential candidate; but each of ever be evacuated by the American troops 1 the meantime, the new treaty, when i; tt, will soon produce excitement enough. Ine Orera--Romi The opera of § failure. There are some beautiful pieces in it; but they were spoiled elegant looking you man, performs tolerably well in the old style, but her voice is a mere wreck—a ruin he sang false and forced thr out. The others not mach better. deed, the only artists that did the Rapetti, (always on hand,) and some of the chorus. What a set of managers! ith euch artists as Benedetti, Traffi, and Pico, inthe city, to pass off upon the public such a melange of in. competency ! Mason Brise—We understand that this gal- lant hero, who has beea with old Rough and Ready throngh all the battles, from Palo Alto t vena Vista, arrived in this city yesterday wud will probably remain here a few da: rives, and the court of enquiry on General | | those cliques desires to be supreme and to dictate | to the others. The old native politicians, who have posses- | sion of a Rough and Ready Central Club, as it | is called, have some sentiments rather hostile | go aNd Junmt—A Farvure. | to the Wall street clique, which h tomeo and Jaliet,” performed | great mass meeting on the twenty-second of | for the first time last ev ening, Was nothing but a | February next. In- | rank and file; but are not willing to be ruled by | 'r duty were | the secret committee of twenty-five, in Wall | attended with as much pain as the birth of a | called the Accordingly, the organ of the Wall street cliques pitches into the natives, and right to left. The Wall street men have the most money, but the least common sense or prudence. The other cliques have the most votes, eounting | street. Tur Next News rrom Enotanp.—We are waiting with great impatience to receive the next news from England. At the last accounts, the position of the Bank of England, and of commercial affairs generally, was extremely in- teresting, as regards their connection with the progress of trade in this country. It is believed that the tide had turned—that no more specie would be drawn trom foreign countries to Lon- don, and that the amount accumulated in the Bank of England would be used to stimulate and encourage trade. The next news from England will either con- firm or dissipate these expectations. Our own belief is, that some little revival may take place, in consequence of the change in the current of specie; but that there will be great languor and inactivity for some time, and that every effort that may be made by the commercial people of Eng- jand to revive prosperous times, will be more and more attended by occasional relapses and panics. England has a great population, a limited area of soil, and newly-made competitors in the mar- kets of the world, not the least being the United States. She isinabad way. The British Par- liament has been degenerating for many years, and legislating ouly for West India negroes, London stockjobbers, and ambitious Jews, for the last fifteen years. Her ministry is influenced by the same interests. Her taxes are onerous; her debt equally so. In everything connected with trade, navigation, manufactures, steam, electricity, and all the improvements of the age, the United States can accomplish more, in less time, than England could ever do. We are young, full of blood, energetic, enterprising, and enthusiastic—she is old, loaded with debt, op- pressed by stock-jobbers and Jews, led away by negro enthusiasts, and her very life-blood is pawned for centuries to come. We expect, by the next arrival, to hearof some little revival in trade and commerce, but no- thing permanent, or any decided amelioration that can last any length of time. Ocgan Sream Linss.—The Cambria sails to- day, from Jersey City, at 12 o’clock, for H fax and Liverpool. The mails in this city close at ten o’elock; but the postmaster of Jersey City will receive letters up to a quarter of an hour before the sailing of the steamer. The Cambria is the first regular British steamer which has arrived here from Liverpool and sailed hence. Hereafter, we shall have one once a month at this city,and once a month at Boston, making their arrivals, throughout the winter season, one per fortnight. The British North American line may now be said to be the only successful line of ocean steamers yet organised. The English establish- eda line, and sunk a great deal of money in it, between London and New York, of which the British Queen and the President were the prin- cipal boats. Another line was established be- tween Bristol and New York, which, with the exception of the Great Western, also turned out a failure, like that of the Lon- don line. The French more recently attempt- ed the same thing between Havre and New York, which has met with some diasters, and also turned out a similar failure. Even the Ame- rican line between this city and Bremen, must be admitted now to bea failure; for the first vessel, the Washington, appears to be entirely unfit for steam navigation, although she may be very beautiful in other respects. We have had, therefore, two English, one French, and one American line of ocean steam” ers—all failures. None seem to have succeeded but the Liverpool line, composed of vessels built on the Clyde, with engines constructed in Glas- gow. The Scotch line, as it may be distinctly called, is the only line that has succeeded per- manently on the Atlantic. The blunders, and errors, and miscalculations of the English, French and American lines, wouid fill columns. On the other hand, the prudence, caution, skil and enterprise of the Cunard line, stand out aloof, and must be admitted by all. But we do not despair yet, on this side of the ocean. Mr. Collins is now engaged in preparing aline of large steamers to run between New York and Liverpool, which, we believe, will be as cautiously constructed, and will be eventually as Madame Patti makes an | denounces their projects and purposes, from } successful, as the Cunard line; but it will be a year, at least, before any of his steamers will be traversing the ocean. inthe mean time, the Cu- nard line will make, and will deserve to make, money. They have a glorious harvest before them. Movements or THE Paciric Squapron.—We have seen private letters from California, dated at Monterey, October 9h. The U.S. vessels there at that date, were the flag ship Independ- ence, bearing the broad pennant of Commodore W. B. Shubrick ; the Cyane, Preble, Warren, Southampton and Erie, likewise a large Ame- rican merchant ship, a prize to the Portsmouth. (®The Independence, Cyane, and Southampton were to have sailed about the 15th, to join the Congress, Portsmouth, and Dale, which latter vessels had sailed a few days previous, on a cruise of observation on the coast of Sonora, or West- ern Mexico. This combined force will immedjately com- mence offensive operations, and after taking Ma- zatlan, Guymas, Acapulco, San Blas, and other ports, will establish and enforce a strict block- ade of the whole coast. Accounts have been re- ceived, by the way of Vera Cruz, of the capture of Mazatlan and Guymas. The Preble was to have sailed the following day, the 10th, for Panama, with Midshipman Wil- son as bearer of despatches, and he has reached New Orleans. Commander Hull would likewise go down in the Preble, which, after landing her passengers at Panama, would await there the arrival of Commodore Ap Catesby Jones, who is now on his way across the Isthmus, to take command of the Pacific squadron. The store ship Erie was to sail for the United States about the 12th, with Lieut. J. Watson, commanding; Rutledge, Ist Lieutenant; Hayes, Master; Powell, Surgeon—transferred from the Warren, as are most all of the officers and crew. The Erie will bring home all the invalids of the squadron. The Lexington, store ship, was at La Paz, co- operating with the army in the transportation of troops, stores, &¢. Commander Thomas O. Selfridge had suc- ceeded Com. McKane in command of the Dale, and Capt. Lavallette had taken command of the Congress. From Brumvpa.—We received files of the Bermuda Royal Gazette to the 18th inst., inclu- sive, last night, by the arrival of brig Lady of the Lake from that port. The papers however, contain nothing of importance. The R. M. 8. steamer Conway had arrived, but she brought no tidings of the missing mail steamer Tay. The only remaining hope for her safety is, that she may have put into Fayal. Later rrom Havana.—By the arrival of the brig T. Street, Capt. McConnell, we have papers from Havana to the 14th inst. her day of railing ‘The brig Salina and Orleans reached there the same day | The Spanish smack Modesto arrived next day, all from this post. The Diario de la Marina denies that the steamer Congreseo had gone on 8 surveying cruise along We suspect that all this fuss and noise made | the coast, with an officer of engineers on board, with & about General Taylor, by a number of individu- | als, cliques, and clubs, may be but sham—only « sort ofpreparation, to bring out, at the proper time, another eandidate—and probably that can- didate may be General Scott. | view to adoptio | inet. The parturitien | the ‘8 plan of fortifications There was quite 4 fire in Havane the night of the 12th It took place in the warehouse of Senores Rivas & Bustamente, whose loss is estimated at $30,000 It com- municated to the beautiful house of Count Santa Venia whose furniture, ko, were injured to the extent of 20.000. Everybody turned out to stay the of flames, from the captain-general downwards. The of the Taylor party in New York, seems to be | crews of the Spanish and French ships of war in the har- mammoth or an hermaphrodite. Their petty quarrels are adi | bor gave their aid. The next day Count Santa Venia onted the fre companies with $600 to mark his sense cf their gervices. Nows from the Cape of Good Hope We have received by the bark Archelaus, a Boston, a file of the Cape Town Mail, published at Cape Town, Cape of Good Hope, from which we extract the particulars of an engagement be- tween the English and the Kaffirs, a synopsis of which we published in yesterday’s paper, under the telegraphic head. From the Cape Town Mail, Nov. 13 | Di itches have been received from the Headquarters in Kai 1d, detailing a most successful and spirited at- tack by detachments under the command of Colonel Somerset upon Pato, and the Keffirs who were led by him. Itseemson Saturday last, Col. Somerset having reason to believe thatthe enemy was in force at some Gistance in hie front, immediately determined upon making # forced march with a view if possible of bringing him toan en, ent, Pushing forward, therefore, wi some strong detachments of light troops, chiefly Cape Corps and Capt. Hogg’s levy, Colonel Somerset sucoeed- ed by night march, completis distance of 30 miles, in pends ss ‘on Sunday the broken country on a stream called the Chechabe. Here having halted, Kaflirs were shortly after seen galloping up the adjacent high ground, exposing themselves to observation much more Goma than had been the case for some time previously. Still it was scarcely expected that the soumy contemplated making a serious stand, the prevalent opinion being that he was merely watching the p of the troops, anxious to see them move down the opposite deolivity. At this time Col. Somerset, with a single orderly, Pekin bape forward to some distance from the troops, found himself suddenly in front ofa party of Kafiirs, whom he eluded by immediately falling back. Before, however, he could rejoin the troops,a strong body of the enemy mounted, poured down upon ; his orderly was shot from his horse, and he himself only escaped by making @ dash through the savages, and trust rather to the mettle his steed than to the chances individual and « score of infuriated ‘ ‘after having narrowly ol the movemenis of the British force, then passed to the left, and ascended aheight distant about u mile in front, where they took up a very strong position, evidently with a determination to dispute their farther progress. Colonel Somerset was not,however, d to anticipation of a fight, and hence,no sooner did he certain their position than he formed his men and them in position for attack, waiting with » good deal of mpatienoe for the arrival of Captain Hogg’s levy, which was abouts milein the rear. Every arrangement having been made, the advance, under the immediate command of Colonel Somerset— the Cape Mounted Rifles being led, in the absence of Major Armstrong, by Captain O’Rielly- wound slowly ‘up the face of the bill the Kaffirs being most advanta- geously sheltered under cover of s>me immense rocks. © troops kept steadily advancing, until within 80 yards of the enemy, when orders being given, the bugle sounded the gallo} dthe next minute the troops had crested the hill, dismounted, and were among the en my. The Keffirs at first openeda running fire, but ing pushed vigorously, in twenty minutes they wel driven from their position down the hill into tue ravine below. From this also they were speedily dislodged, leaving behind them th rms, and several horses, They fled intothe adjacent valleys, which begs 4 ly intersect that section of country, and present tl most favorable positions that could be desired by Kaf- firs in carrying on their peculiar mode of warfare. Only seventeen of the y were found killed in this affair, but it {s affirmed that many more must have fallen, the Kaffirs carrying off as many of their dead and wounded as possible, as was indicate: the numerous blood tracts which were see: g the line of their retreat.— The Kaffirs kept under shelter, their numbers could not be estimated, but their main body is supp to have been not less than 800 men, besides some tached parties posted so as to tal vantage of any ci: cumstances which might turn up in their favor. The accounts received by us do not state the casualties on our side, which, however, have reason to believe are comparatively trifling. The Kaffirs for 20 minutes main- tained asharp fire, bat which seems, probably from the abruptness of the acclivity,to have been very ineffec- tive. The weather is described as extremely severe, heavy and continual rains; but our men were in good health—Colonel Somerset, with bis usual seal and acti- vity, being determined to push on, letter the instructions ved ybeltered in the broken country at ne great distance from the scene of this encounter; and it is sup- posed that it was to cover these that this attempt to arrest the march of the troops was determined on. [From the Graham’s Town Journal, October 23 } Yesterday the ‘amount Gaika Chief, Sandilla, reached Grabam’s Town, escorted by a party of the 7th Dragoon Guards and Cape Corps, under the command of Capt. Bisset.C_ M.R. This notorious chief was clad in a dirty blanket, and was accompanied by twenty of his followers, in similar costume. On his reaching the quarters allotted him, a detached building within the military lines on the Drosty Ground, the Secretary to the Right Hon. the High Commissioner had an interview with him, for the purpose of explaining to him his true ition, and the danger that would be incurred should make the htest attempt to escape or elude the vigilance of those in whose custody he will be placed. phe f reasonable attention is paid to the cemfort of this chief, but he is not allowed to move except under the eye of the military guard, though access is allowed on | ried pplication to those anxious to see a man who ‘caused so much mischief to the colony, and who has brought such irremediable ruin upon his own people. Sir Harry E. F. Young has retired from the Lieutenant-Governorship of Cape Town. Very Later rrom Brazits.—We have received, by the fine,fast sailing ship Courier, Capt. Wolfe, files of the Rio de Janeiro Jornal do Comercio to the 20th December. The Jornal extracts largely from the New York Herald the particulars regarding the affair of the duties of 20 per cent imposed on the cargo of cof- tee in Brazilian bottoms, which arrived at Boston some months back, but which 20 per cent was re- mitted by the Secretary of the Treasury at Wash- ington, in consequence of the treaties of 1828 with Brazil being still looked on as in force, al- though the period for which they were made had elapsed. The Brazilians are highly pleased with this arrangement, and look on it as a new open” ing for the employment of their vessels. A person of the name of Jacintho Jose Pereira, who arrived passenger at Rio on the 5th Decem- ber, in the Hamburg brig Francisca, from Lis- bon, brought with him a num ber of counterfei notes of various derominations—$50's, $20’s, $2’s and $1’s—and attempted, immediately on landing, to jay them in circulation, paying his passage with three counterfeit $50’s. He was immediately arrested, and placed in prison to awaithistrial. i The homepathic war still rages fiercely (on paper) in Rio, though we see nothing more said about the case of Leitgas, who, it was said, was killed by homepathic medicines. Carlota Joaquina da Silva Mattos, who was tried by jury, on a charge of murdering her bro- ther-in-law, Jose da Silva Mattos, was acquitted, eleven of the jury finding her not guilty. ‘The steamer Paraense arrived from the northern ports at Rio, on the 10th December. All the pro- vinces there were perfectly tranquil. From Para, dates to the 10:h November had been received. The steamer Guapiassu was there, intended for service in the interior of the province. She would soon leave for the Upper Amazon. From Maranham the accounts were to the 18th November. The primary elections for deputies to the General Assembly occupied the attention of the whole province. “The party of the league were in the majority. There had been an out- break at the town of Vianna, induced, it was said, by the exclusivista party, in order to disturb the elections. A detachment of the sixth regi- ment of Cacadores had gone there, however, and quickly restored quiet. The Chief of Police, Manoel de Cerqueira, had been suspended from office, jor not tulfilling his duties. From Ceara, papers of the 20th November had been received. The elections had concluded there in favor of the government party. __ At Pernambuco and Bahia, nothing of interest had occurred. 3 : ; , A long account of the taking of the city of Mexico 1s given, under the head of foreign news, in the Jornal made about it, do Comercio. No remarks are wind blowing from the west, gentl; 1 ees, which could not be excelied. Towards even- les ‘k cloud rose from the western horizon, and the air became chilled, giving o pretty strong indication of snow. Annivats.—The Hon, Sam Houston, of San Jacinto, and Major Ben MoCulloch, of the Texan Rangers, nrriv- ed in town last evening, and stop at the City Hotel. The Hon Henry 8, Foote, and reveral others, were ac- oidently left at Philadelphia. They are expected here to-day, and are on an electionesring tour to Tammany Hall, at which place the great war meeting is to be held to-night. We advise the galiant McCulloch to pick out a company of rangers from the huge-paws that will be at the meeting to-night, and take them to Mexico with him, just to try them. Fine —A fire broke out about half-past seven o'clock, on Thursday evening,in the basement of house No. 9 Lewis street, occupied by Jacob L Fenn, as a whip fac- tory. It wasextinguished with very trifling damag: Tue Steamenir Camnnia.— We learn that Castle G: den will be open to-day, for the purpose of sccomoda- ting ail who wish to obtain a view of the departure of the steamabip Cambria. From the promenade of this favorite ra our citizens oan see that vessel from the Bmgshe jeavos her dock unti’ she reaches nearly Sandy rt Nicwous’ Lecture ox Astronomy.—In consequence of the crowded state of our columns, our report of tl lecture delivered vy, Professor Nichol in Clinton Hall, last evening, is unavoidably postponed until to-morrow, Great Sace or Reat Estare.—It will be seen by our advertising columns, that tome forty odd lots adjacent to Madison Square, fronting on Madison Avenue, 2 30th rnd Sist streets, betweenthe 4th and 5th aven ‘are offered for sale by Bleecker, at the Merchants’ el , Tuesday, February Ist. This property is a } staated for gentiemen desirous of focating theme tves permanently; or for a profitable investment it can be reached by both omnibus and care ina few nutes Asno injury can arise from looking at the ” ty, we edvise our’ friends to do#o, and then pur- TELEGRAPHIC 1! TRLLIGENCE, Highly Interesting from Yucatan. Perzrspurcu, Jan. 28, 1848. By the overland express we have New Or- leaus papers to the 22d inst., through which we learn that the brig Salvadora, with dates from Havana to the 16th inst., had arrived. There had been an arrival at Havana from Yu- catan with dates to December 25th. Congress met on the 21st, at Merida, and received a mes. sage from the Governor giving a deplorable ac- count of the state of affairs on the peninsula. The Governor had entered into arrangements with Zetina, the chief of a recent revolutionary attempt, by which he was to receive eight hun- dred dollars and join the Yucatan commissioners at Washington. Stipulations had also been made with other officers, compromised with Zetina, and thus all civil dissensions had been quelled. Whig Caucus at Washington. Wasuineton, Jan. 28, 1848. The whig caucus this evening determined to recommend ajnational convention for the nomi- nation of President and Vice President. No time or place yet designated. Sudden Death. WasuincTon, Jan. 28, 1848. Mr. Clement Corp, a distinguished lawyer of Georgetown, died suddenly this morning. Weather cloudy. Hxtension of the Telegraph. Pererssune, Jan. 28, 1843. The Southern telegraph line is working from Charleston, S. C., to Raleigh, N.C. The line is to open through to Charleston next week. THIRTIETIL CONGRESS. FIRSE SESSION. Senate. Wasuinoron, January 28, 1848. INCREASE OF THE NAVAL KOTABLIGHMENT, Mr. Rusx, on leave, introduced a bill to authorise the President to increase the naval establishment of the Uni- ted States. It is similar to the Texan Naval Bill of the last session. PURCHASE OF THE MOUNT VERNON ESTATE. Mr. Westcorr presented a petition in favor of pur- chasing the Mount Vernon Estate, which was laid on the table toawait itsturn with other petitions for the same object. Mr. Pearce, of Maryland, was opposed to any bill au- thorising the purchase. PRESERVATION OF MONUMENTS, Mr. Hanneoay’s resolution relative to the preserva- tion of monuments erected in the Congressional Bury- ing Ground over the graves of deceased Members of Congress, was adopted, and a select committee of five ordered, to be appointed by the Chair. REVOLUTIONARY SOLDIERS AND Wivows, The House Bill, asking further provision of the sur- viving widows and soldiers of the revolution, was read a third time and passed. IMPORTS OF MEXICO. Mr. Mize, of New Jersey, offered # resolution re- questing the President to inform the Senate whether he had caused duties to be laid and collected on goods im- ported by citizens of the United States into Mexico; and, if so, under what law he found authority for such procedure. The resolution was laid over. THE HAMILTON PATERS. Mr. Peance, from the Library Committee, reported a bill to authorize the purcbase of the Hamilton pspers. EXTENSION OF A PATENT RIGHT. The bill toextend the patent of Jethro Wood was mn up, amended and postponed. THE TEN REGIMENT BILL. The special order of the day, the ten regiment bill, was then alluded to by Gen. Cass, who said he was terms of courts for the District Courts in the Northern District of New York. JURISDICTION OF THE SUPREME COURT. On motion of Mr. J. R. Inawnsour, the Senate bill supplementary to the act regulating the appellate Juris- diction of the Supreme Court, was taken up and amend ed by substituting » new bill from the Judiciary Commit- tee. Other amendments were presented by Mr. Thomp- son, of Iowa, and adopted. REPORT OF THE REGISTER OF THE TREAS! Mr. Haut, of New York, offered a resolution autho- rising the correction of the report of the Register of the Treasury on Commeree and Navigation, by adding thereto the report of the Collector of Buffalo Cresk, re- ceived too late for insertion. Adopted. « IMPROVEMENT OF THE HUDSON RIVER. Mr. Suincancann gave notice of a bill for the improve- ment of the Hudson river, above and below Albany. THE PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE, Mr. Henvey, of Indiana, moved that the Housego into & Committee of the whole Union, on the President’s mer , sage, in which he refused to communicate the corres- pondence between the Government and Mr. Slidell, which was disagreed to. A PERSONAL EXPLANATION. A personal explanation was made by Mr. Cocke. In his remarks the other day, he said that he presumed his colleague, Mr. Johnson, had obtained his information, in regard to the irregular habits of certain clerks of one of the departments, from personal observation. In making those remarks, he intended nothing disrespeotful. Mr. Jounson expressed himself satisfied. Adjourned, NEW YORK LEGISLATURE. Senate. Aunany, Jan. 28, 1648. OBJECTIONS TO THE PRINTING BILL. Mr. Brownson reported adversely to the passage of the printing bill. The report concluded with a resolu- tion that the Senate do not concur with the House in the passage of the bill. Mr. Cox moved to lay the billand resolution on the table, which was lost by an unanimous vote. Mr. Taststin moved to re-commit the bill tos com- mittee of the whole; and this motion was also lost by a similar vote to the preceding one. The question was then taken up for an egreement on the resolution, which, in effect, rejects the bill. Mr. Jonnson spoke in favor of the resolution, and in support of the law of 1846. He thought the Senate un- derstood the matter fully, and they ought to dispose of the bill at once. The vote was then taken, and the resolution agreed to—ayes 28, mays 3; viz: Messrs. Cook, Frost, and Treadwell. So the bill is killed. REFORT OF INSPEGTOR OF STATE PRISON, Mr. 8. H. P. Haut offered aresolution that the Inepeo- tor of the State prison at Sing Sing, be called on for a re- port of the amount of the indebtedness of the prison on the 1st of January last, and what appropriation will be required for the present year. The bill was read a third time and passed. STATE ENGINEER AND SURVEYOR. The bill relating to the State Engineer and Surveyor ‘was passed. Also, several local and private bills. HARBOR IMPROVEMENT. The resolutions on the harbor improvements, were ta- ken up and discussed ; after which, the Senate went into exeoutive session, and after a short time engaged there- in, adjourned. Assembly. APPOINTMENT OF SURROGATE CLERK. Mr. Rarmonp reported adversely to the bill for the ap- pointment of a clerk for the Surrogate of Sussex county. BROOKLYN CHARTER CONVENTION. A bill was passed amending the act calling for a Char- ter Convention in Brooklyn. NOTICES OF BILLS TO BE OFFERED. To amend an act in relation to jurors in New York. A general Railroad bill. To repeal the law prohibiting the manufacture of stone in the State prisen. Mr. Raymonn reported favorably en the bill toamend the statutes, compelling declarations in suits relative to instructed by that side of the Senate Chamber, to say to the other side, that an important bill was to be dis- posed of, and that other important bills and subjects were to follow; and that he sincerely hoped that Sena- tors hereafter to speak, would conclude their speeches as speedily as possible, and on the same day. He would be happy to hear them, and listen to their remarks with great pleasure, if time permitied; but he hoped that if the debate did not terminate to-morrow, it weuld do so early next week. Mr, Pues, of Vermont, said he had felt great reluc- tance to speak, and the only apology he had to offer was that he considered the subject almost inexhaustible. He should confine himself to a few additional remarks, re- garding the inadequacy of treasury notes to afford any substantial relief, and that issuing them, with the adop- tion of other similar expedients, would lead ultimately to direct taxation. He always regarded the raising of revenue in Mexico as chimerical. The enemy would succeed in starving our army. He consi- dered the indemnity by territory, amounting to nothing; but that political jurisdiction over the Mexicans, who maintained only perpetual war, would be still worse. To hold the Mexican States as so many provinces, would result in certain annexation, to which he was utterly opposed, and proceeded to condemn it in the strongest terms. If, sald he, thirty new States are to be added from that vast domain of country, it will be beyond our power to hold the Union together. He agreed with Mr. Johnson, that if military glory was indemnity, we had had enough of that already. If military renown were the object, it surely should have been satisfied ere this, by the wholesale butchery, at which he revolted. After some further remarks, made in the samo earnest strain Mr. Phelps said that the real object was developing it- self, and that was, to conquer Mexico, and whether per- manently to hold it, he supposed must be left to future decision. Mr. Cass said the object was to conquer a peace. Mr. Puexrs replied, that if it were only to oon- quer a peace by conquering the country, the Pres- ident should have asked Congress and the people whether it was undertaken for conquest, before commencing it. Failing to do so was little short of trea- son, By pursuing the conquest, by his self-will, he said that the President, at this moment, was wielding abso- lute sovereignty, unauthorised, as it was astounding, and anomalous. Executive assumption of power, must be resisted. The President's levying contributions, was unconstitutional. This country had advanced with un- precedented rapidity. It had passed through national youth, and was rapidly passing through successive stages of maturity, and would soon reaeh old age and decay; but he hoped that the last would not soon be re- slized. But the present state of things tended to it; and to avoid which we must end this war. How? By mode- ration and liberality, show Mexico that we are not dis- posed to destroy her nationality, or to dismember the confederacy of her States. Do this, and he predicted that the war would soon be terminated. ‘When he hadconcluded and taken his seat, Mr. Dovaxass, of Illinois, signified his desire to speak on the bill, which was informally passed over; when the Senate went into Executive Session; and after a short time spent therein, the doors were opened, and they ad- journed. House of Representatives. PRESIDENTS ANNUAL M1 After the ordinary routine of busine: through with, the House went into s committee of the whole Union, in reference to the President’s annual message. Several members rose immediately, to speak, when, on motion, the usual number of the President's annual message, and acoompanying documents, were or- dered to be printed. GOVERNMENT ARMORY, Mr. McCre.ianp, of Illinois, reported a bill to estab- lish @ government armory, at Fort Massac, in Illinois which was referred to the military committee. THE PRIVATE CLAIM LieT, Mr. Daniets moved areconsideration of the vote of yes- terday, by which the House adopted a resolution provid- ing for the publication and preparation of an alphabeti- al list of private claims. ‘The motion was laid on the table—ayes 89, nays 87. PRIVATR BILLA, Ko, On motion of Mr. Rocxwext, of Connecticut, the House went into Committee ot the whole, Mr. MoClel- land in the chair, and took up the private calendar. A number of private bills having been considered, were laid aside, to be reported to the Houre. Various communications were received from the de- partments, which, however, were of no great interest. A CALL OF THE ROL ‘The committee rose for want of & quorum. The roll was orded to be calied, when abssntees entered and an- swered to their names, A quorum being present, business was resumed, and reveral private bills were re- ported from the Committee of the Whole to the House, DISTRICT COURTS OF NEW YORK, to the real property. INDIAN LANDS, Mr. Jonnson presented a resolution requesting the Comptroller to report the quantity of lands sold to the State by the Stockbridge and Mohegan Indians. Adopt- ed. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DEAF AND DUMB. The Annual Report of the Deaf and Dumb Institution was received. HUDSON RIVER RAILROAD BILL, The Hudson River Railroad bill was taken up. Mr. Bowen renewed his amendment in relation to ap- peals to the Supreme Court. Lost. 94 to 8. The bill was then ordered to » third reading. TROY @as comrany. The Troy Gas Company bill was taken up and further debated. It was argued that it was unconstitutional for the House to take the responsibility of passing this bill. Laid on the table again. IMPRISONMENT FOR DEBT. The bill to abolish imprisonment for debt, and to limit imprisonment for fines, was further debated in com- mittee. TROY AND OREENBUSH RAILROAD COMPANY. The bill to authorise the Troy and Greenbush Railrosd Company to increase their capital $60,000, was ordered to a third reading. SARATOGA AND WASHINGTON RAILROAD COMPANY. The bill authorising the Saratoga and Washington Railroad Company to increase their capital $200,000, was taken up in committee. Objection was made to the bill, on the ground, that the road eould carry freight without paying toll; and alec, that the object ef the increase of capital was not stated in the bill. The committee reported progress on the bill, andit was sent to the Railroad Committee, for their deliberation on its merits. Adjourned, Markets. New Oaueans, Jan, 22, 1845—Cotton is than yester Fair is quoted Molasses— Quoted at 18340, Flour—Quietand [nad mon 9 Freights—Cotton to Liverpool taken at 15-32 of a cent. Exebenge limited Pirrenuran, Jan, 28 —Flour—Sales of 100 bbls at $4 624%. Wheat—The market is firm at 90 ots for Ohio and Pen 5 old wal held at firmer rates, while nal. Small sales of prime New Ori ugar ing tothe trade at 6% cents. The river continued in good boating order. Ba.timore, Jan. 28, 1843.—Flour—Sales were made of 1,000 barrels Howard street, at $576, the market closing dull. Wheat—We notice sales of 3 000 bushels, consist- ing of Maryland reds at 1300, and white do 1880, Corn —2,000 bushels Mary!and white and mixed, were sold at 520, and yellow at 620. Provisions--The market oon- tinued dull. Whiskey was quiet at 24 0 250. Aunany, January 28.—There is a little better feeling in the flour market, more doit i at previous quote- tions, The in markets have undergone no change. All other markets the same. Boston, Jan. 28, 1843.—Flour—Sales of 600 bbls. were made, consisting of Oswego, Michigan, Genesee, and other western brands, at $6 3754 a $6 50. Corn—The sales reached 4000 bushels, including western mixed, at 630, and yellow at 70. Oats—2000 bushes were sold at 620, Col ‘The market is firm, with sales of 2000 bags Rio at 6% 7c. Provisions—No change. Freighta— Nothing offering. Shipping Inte! 108. New Ontrans, Jan 21—arr ships Mason, New York; Jes tore, Jo; barks. Warsaw, do; Btamboul, Boston. Cid brig Washington, New York. Beenes at the Watch Returns “ the return ee the prison re Justice Drinker, trom the night previous, officer Hopkine, of the 3d ward, sented before the Justice, John McGinley, a young man of rather genteel appearance, wom the officer arrested the previous night at No. 228 Washington street, ona charge of being drank, and while in that disgraceful situation, best and abus Eliza, who was also in court to ubstantiate the charge. Maaisenate—You see, Jonn, wi trouble and dis- grace you bring upon yourself and family by giving way fo liquor. Now, here you are, just brought from one of the oells, trembling all over from the effeots of drink. ‘Wire--If you please, Judge, | would like to let him off, as he promises to do better, and not drink any more eeinersraare-Now, ou nee, John, the affection of our wife, who has muttered from;your ill-treatment, by being beat and abused by you ; and yet she is willing to beg you off, when you ought to be punished severely, by imprisonment—for a man who gets drunk, and violently assaults his wife, is worse than the brute creation. How- ever, as your wife is willing to forgive you—and, by com- mitting you to prison, it is not you that would suffer altogether, but your family—then, you can go; and re- collect that you owe this entirely to the affaction of your wite; but if you are brought here again, I shall certainly punish you. Joun—Thank you, your honor; I can assure you, you will never see mo here egain Reeriving Stolen Goods —A German by the name of Louis Guttlipp, who keops a jowelry store, at No 6336 Atlantio street, Brooklyn, was arrested yesterday, at Mr. Bushwick’s, silversmith, in William street, endeayorin, to sell asilver fork and three spoons, the preperty o Mr. Delmonico, No, 25 Broadway. The accused said he bought the property of some man who came to his shop, but don’t know who hels = Itappears that Mr. Delmon’ co has lost, within the last month or two, silver spoons and forks valued at $203, and this is » part of such stolen property Justice Drinker committed Guttlipp to prison fore further i aie