The New York Herald Newspaper, January 14, 1848, Page 2

a NEW YORK HERALD, rth-tést Corner of fulton and Rassan ste. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR. DAILY HERALD—Bvey on ‘gent copy—8> tates Buropean subscribers. 61 e. EKLY HERALD—Kvery Saturday--Price be | copy—$3 12) annum—in the United States pot By sieamanap, $5 per annum, enclir | the postage ‘Fo! Every Steam Packet Day Mes eter toa te oor amram, ancludeng post ‘stage, Sudscreptions and ad- set e ‘Messrs 18 rue "Paris; PL umonds. 18 Cornhill, and John ler, eet. London. ESTOENTLAL HERALD—Bvery Tuesdey—One Dollar for the C: ; SOVERTISEMENTS (new every morning) prices; tobe wrilien ina un le manner — v proprictes not vespontible for ervore in manuscript. Sunday included.) Simin the Unites 14 per annum, including at rea PRINTING of aii kinds executed reaurrfuily and with | ‘Ali orders at the Publication Office, corner of and Nasseu streets. ALL LETTERS ty mail. for tisements, to be post paid, or ted from the mone: VOLUNTARY subscriptions, er with the postige will be de- ed from any quarter of the world— ef weed. wuld a be lsherally paid fer. ‘i NO NOTICE can de taken of anonymous communica Kone Whatever is intended for insertion must be authenti- cated dy the name and address of the wrifer; not necessa- rily er publication, but as a gucran We cannot undertake to return rejected communicaiions. ALL PAYMENTS to be made in advance. AMUSEMENTS THIS EV! s PARK THEATR#—Sawnps, Lent & Co.’s American Circus, in their various performances. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery —Ornetio—Vermont Woot Deatea—is He J: D CHATHAM THEATRE, Chatham street—A Kos ror as Onrven—Ticnt Rore Dancina—Mopet Aw’ —Ampaose GwiseTTe. BROADWAY ODEON, Broadway—Mopet ARrists. MECH 4 NICS’ HALL Broatway, near Broome—Crais- tY’s ee Kraropian Sixoiva, Burvesqur Danc- 10, &e. PANORAMA BALL, Brosdway, near ‘Houston—Ban- varp’s PavonaMa OF THE Misstesrr: River. TABERNACLE Brondway —Britisn Prorrctive Emr @Rant Society's Concert avo Litkkany ENTERTAIN: MENT. go New York, Friday, January 14, 1848, fp Advertisements received for one only. ° ‘The News by Electric Telegraph Last Evening. The news by electric telegraph continues to be rather interestiag From Washington, we learn that Mr Pearce, of Maryland, spoke on the ten regiment bill; and in the course of his remarks, differed widely from some of the positions taken by his colleague, the Hoa. Reverdy Johnson, in his speech delivered a few days since. He as- | sumed the ground thatthe Mexican war was commenced by Mr. Polk, unconstitutionally and improperly; and that in regard to the indemnity, M. xico was rather to be pitied than condemned, in the course she had taken. In respect to the statement that the Rio Grande wes the bounda- ry of Texas, which Mr. Johnson attempted, he says, to sustain by the evidence of Santa Anna, it falls to the ground, because Santa Anna, at the time referred to, wasa prisoner inthe hands of the Texans, and therefore under duress. Acon- densed r-port of his speech, received by tele- graph, will be found in our columns to-day. The House, it appears, passed a resolution calling fur copies of all the secret instructions given by the udmiaistration to Mr. Slidelf Mr. Polk’s special minister to Mexico, and all infor- mation in regard to Santa Annu’s return to Mexi- co from Havava; but the President refused to answer the call, on the ground that to make the information public at the present time, would be detrimental tothe interests of the country. We stated « few days since, that it was probable euch aresolution would be passed by the House; but that the President would noi furnish the infor- | mation sought for. The Senate, afterwards, on motion, adjourued to Monday next. | According to all appearances, the ten regiment bill will pass the Senate, there being a majority of that body in tavor of the war measures of the President; but its fate is doubted by some in the House. There may be delay on this mea- sure, but we cannot believe that the House wi!] imterpose, at the last resort, any obstacle to its passage. Any derangement of our affairs with Mexico, will rebound to the injury of that body The intelligence from Mexico is rather of a more interesting nature than anything whtch we ‘have received from that quarter for some time past. It will be perceived that Gen. Scott, hav- ing finished his ‘thasty plete of soup’ in the Halls of the Montexumas, is now preparing to take p ssession of the entire couatry surroynd- ing said halls. The Me s are also beginning | to wake up and bestir themselves—in other words, they have just got their eyes open to the wndermining and intriguing influences of foreign monarchists, and ere endeavoring to couateract the same. We may now daily look for news of grevt moment from this quarter The jong litigated claim of Mrs. General Gaines, to property in the city of New Orleans, amounting ia value to an immense sum—to seve- ral millions of dollars—has been decided in her favor. The news from Albany is interesting and im- portant. The half-blooded abolition resolutions have passed the Senate, and a committee on the Mexican war hes been appointed. It is now said positively, that Mr. Clay will not | resign in favor of any candidate, but will take | his chance before the national convention. In that ease, there is nothing left for the friends ot | General Taylor, but to move in every direction | throughout the country, and nominate electoral tickets through State conventions, without refe- rence to the action of the national convention. We have received, exclusively, we belive, | some very important proceedings on this sub- | ject, that took place, afew days ago, at Mont- gomery, Alabama. All the old party organiza- tions seem to be breaking up in that State, and the people are moving, in every direction, in Measures masses, for the hero of Buena Vista. have been taken to organize conventions to no- minat electoral tickets at the proper time. The Fremont court-martial has adjourned,and if itnever meet again, and never anything more be heard of it, no one will regret it’ The folly which has been produced by the agency of this court-martial, would ulnost dispose us to be- | lieve that the threatened eourts-marti:] on Gene- | rals Pillow and Worth will explode before they | meetat all. | Nothing very anissated will take place until they come to the voting at Washington, or until the opinions of Mr. Webster, Mr. Benton, und other great men, are delivered on the matters before the country, conceraing our Mexican al- | fairs laporTant Democratic Movement.—We un. derstond the democracy of this city, in every ward will hold au election to-morrow, at noon, | for the choice of delegates to the Albany conven- tion, which will be heid on the 26th inst This movement springs from the adiministra- tion part of the democracy, who are opposed to the halt-blouded abolitionists—the laioi pro- vi-omen, or Van Buren section. The Albany | ited. CORRESPONDENCE, containing | of his good faith. | | -Phia world, and ett ft eomtainay ate ine rapid | state of transitioneverything is changing, The United Staies have made greater progress during | the Inst twenty-five years, in every element of | social, political and religious life, than any na- | tion ever did, in the course of as many centu- ries. We are still changing, more rapidly than ever—every week, every month, and every year bringing forth its fresh mutations. One of the most remarkable of those transitions that may be noticed at this moment, is that connected with public and political affairs. The three greatest intellects of this na- tion, in our public affairs, are, undoubted- j} ly, Mr. Calhoun, of South Carolina; Mr. | Webster, of Massachusetts ; and Mr. Clay, |of Kentucky. They are statesmen of the highest order—orators, without a rival in the living world, and equal to the highest of antiquity. Their first movements to greatness were made during the last struggle with Eng- tand, in the midst of the magnificent remains of the Revol.tion—the primary formation of our | political system. When Jefferson, and Madison, | and John Adams -were all alive, these three dis- | tnguished men rose up like exhalations of light | from the morass of the day, and have been shi. | ning over the country, as the first lights of the | age, ever since. In the present crisis of the rela- | tions of the United States with Mexico, these | three great statesmen are united in opinion, in thought, and almost in action. They | deprecate the tendency of this country to con- quer, annex, and hold Mexico—they raise their voices, with all the authority of intellect, expe- rience, talent, and sublime patriotism, against euch a course of policy by the United States. How is this? How is it possible for the com- mon sense of the nation to be led astray from the proper path, and be in conflict with those views which are sanctioned and entertained by such | men as Clay, Calhoun, and Webster, who re- | ceived their lessons from the fathers of theRevo- | lution, and who are the only existing links be- | tween that great historic period in the progress of this country and the present day? We are very much afraid that human nature, in this age of the world, is the same as human nature in every other age, and in every other country. Daring the important crisis in the his- tory of this people that took place previous to the Revolation of ’76, all the great men of that day—the experienced men, the statesmen—were opposed to those measures which led to the Reyo- tion, and the Declaration of Independence. It is a singular fact in the history of human action, that every great change in human society—every remarkable transition period in the history of the race—has been brought about by the young spirits of that particular day, in op- position to those who were distinguished for ex- perience, and statesmanship, and wisdom. Every improvement in civilization has been brought about by the young generation, in opposition to the old—every great change in society springs from young minds of that particular age, in utter hostility to the old and settled convictions of the older part of the communitv. We cannot ex- pect to be different in the present age, from what human nature was in past ages of the world. | The policy, and warnings, and the advice, of Mr. Clay, Mr. Calhoun and Mr Webster, backed by all the experience of long life, might be very good in another age of the world, and .under a different state of scientific and intellectual im- provement. The annexation of Mexico appears | to those menas dangerous a measure, at this pe- | riod of our national existence, as did the annexa- tion of the great West to the original thirteen States, or the purchaee of Louisiana and Flori- da did to the balance of power remaining North j and East. But, with the improvements of the | present age—the miraculous improvements, we | may say—which have been made during the last twenty-five years, the annexation of the whole | of Mexico, and all Canada, and every other por- | tion of this great continent, forming and agglo- merating into a single republic, is not a more impossible, or a more dangerous wore, than the annexation, or the incorporation of the valley of the Mississippi was to the old thirteen States, immediately after, or about the time of, the Revolution. Seam power, electricity, and the printing press, have already combined a circumference of three thousand miles into one single point, so that one half of this great repub- lie can act with one impulse, one thought, at al- most one and the ssme moment. Fulton, who applied steam power to internal navigation; Morse, who invented the electric telegraph; Hoe, with his remarkable invention of the printing press; and even ourself, who combine all these wonderful discoveries, in the issuing of one journal like the Herald—all these inventive minds are combining in a great movement of civiliza- tion, which will make the annexation of Mexico merely a matter of ordinary occurrence, and enable the government of this republic to be ex- tended over the whole of this northera conti nent, and to act over the whole of it, with the same rapidity, decision, energy and propriety, as the government of the city of New York can act over its eighteen wards. We have the power of steam on our rivers and along our coasts, and with the electric telegraph from Washington to Mexico, and from New York to California, there is no more impracticability in our being able to govern the extent of country between those distant points, than there is now to pro- society within any single State of this Union. We trust, therefore, that those distinguished men—Clay, Calhoun, and Webster—will not con- sider the young spirits of the present day rash or unthinking, because they conceive that, with the advantage of these wonderful improve- ments in steam, electricity, and the printing press, they wili be able to govern the entire of Mexico, and produce a state of civilization in that Republic, with as much ease and order, as the original thirteen States were governed, when they first made their appearance on the publie arena. With all respect for those great spirits at Washington—the three most intellec- tual men of the day, connecting the present time with the revolutionary period of our history— we beg lenve to say that they are behind the age; and if they do not choose to go with the spirit of progress, they will please to let us, o! this young, electricage, go ahead on our own hook, and take all the responsibility of the burst- ing of the boilers. Love, Rum, ann Munper —We were informed, yesterday, by a gentleman who had just arrived rom the village of Pleasant Volley, Dutchess ceunty, that that place was the scene of a dread- fal murder on Sandwy eveoing Jast. It seems tunt 4 man named Pyne had paid his addresses to | a young lady, and proposed marrying her about # yearago, butthat she refused himon account ot his dissipated habits, and married amon nwmed Rus- sell, instead, Eversiocethen,Pyne, itappears, has been determined on revenge, aud consummated his threats by entering Mrs. Rusgell’s house, on convention is intended (or (he organization of the | party previous to the Presidential election, and the duty of the delegates will be to settlo the mode of electing d-legates to the national con- vention, which will, probably, be by districts Toe halfslooded abolitionists, of Wilmot pro- | viso men, will oppose them throuzhout. It will be avery funy election to-morrow, and will be very amusing and interesting, from beginning to end Tur Forsion Maits.—The ietier bage of the steams p Caledonia will close in this eity thi afternoon. The Herald for Europe will be te dy attwelve o'clock. Bosioa to-morrow, ‘The steamer will leave that evening, and shooting her with a revolving pistol, in the presence of a little girl, The poor woman died immedi»tely, and the monster who | perpetrated the fou! deed fled precipitately from the neighbourhood; but as the officers of ustice are on his track, it is to be hoped that he will be arrested, and made to suffer the pumish- ment he has incurred Tux Sreamers.—Nothing yet of either the shington or the Missouri. It is quite proba- hat the Washington bas been detained. The Cambria having been out thirteen dys, willin ail probability make her appearance to- morrow or next day. | oe duce a quiet, and healthy, and orderly state of | Perey Switnitea ty New Yous The case af Goward, the wri 27; Who hay been ees: téfieéd to the panitentiary for swindling, is by no means asolitary one. The city of New York abounds with petty swindlers,who carry on their iniquities under various forms, and in various ways. Flaming advertisements, offering the poor and ignorant a fortune for the trifling sum of fifty dollars—offering lucrative situations to young men from the country for a similar sum, and situations to girls in respectable families fora dollar, or fifty cents, can be seen posted about the streets, or published in the daily pa- pers—the sole purpose of whichis to cheat, gull, and defraud the ignorant and unwary. Men have actually become rich by this petty system of swindling; but occasionally they get tripped up, and get punished as they deserve. Thus, the other day, the psuedo principal of a commercial college in this city, was con- victed and sent to the penitentiary for de- frauding a young man of fifty dollars, under the pretence of educating and fitting him as a book-keeper, at railroad speed, to fill a situation at a lucrative salary. The public have no idea of the extent to which the poor ser- vant girls of New York are defrauded by the keepers of intelligence offices, who are nothing less than bare-faced swindlers on a small scale; albeit, some of them profess to be licensed by the city authorities. They charge these poor crea- tures a dollar, sometimes more, sometimes less, for gettingthem places with respectable families, as domestics; and in nine cases out of ten, they care nothing for the girls afterwards; but leave them to get situations as they can. This thing of educating young men in a hurry, and fitting them in a week, or two weeks, to fill responsible and arduous situations, is the sheerest humbug; and we call on ali young men whose early education has been neglect- ed, to place no reliance in it. If they de- sire to forward themselves, let them go to work at home, under the guidance of a competent teacher, and slowly acquire know- ledge. They need not expect to be able in a month, to accomplish what is the slow task of years, although we do live in an age of railroads and electricity. Is there no way by which these nuisances can be put down? Can we not get the “banner” to work at them, in the way that Mayor Mickle worried the Peter-funk-shops ? PromEnapINc IN Broapway—Sasiss, &c.— Broadway, in the winterseason, presents, sorne- times, a very splendid exhibition of splendid wo- men, who dress beautitully, but not so well, in comparison, as thoge of Paris, Vieona, or Lon- don. In those rich and gay capitals, the ladies of the highest rank and longest purses, whenever they promenade, by stepping from their car- riages, exhibit some of the most beautiful Rus- sian sables, in the shape of cloaks. There are, to be sure, cloaks of this description here; but there are no Russian sables—they are all Cana- dian, and not worth a fifth part of the money generally charged for them. In Paris, at the Champs Elysées, on a beautiful clear day in the winter, the display of ladies in sable cloaks, is beyond anything in the world. It seems the Russians themselves go to Paris to procurethose cloaks. The real sable skinscome from Siberia to Leipsic, and are purchased there by the Parisian furrierg, and prepared in Paris for ladies’ wear. One of the most splendid end elegant stores for the sale of this description of goods in Paris, is that of Messrs. Humpf & Co., Rue dela Paiz, a short distance from the Boulevards, and not tar from the Place Vendome. Ladies in New York, who wish to wear the real Russian sables, can always procure them by sending to that house in Paris—a firm composed of very honest and wor- thy men, and in constant communication with Leipsic and Siberia, from which places they pro- cure those articles. Apriications ror Orrices—A Rusu FoR THE Spoits—Jonn Youne in a Picare.—We under- stand that there are no less than one thousand applications for office to the Governor. John Young will have his hands full, and enough to do, for the next six weeks. For the office of harbor master, alone, there are no fewer than one hundred aud fifty applications, and seven only can be appointed. Without going into the natural history of ap- plications for office, we have heard some cu- rious particulars about Harbor Masters. It is possible there may be among those appli- cants, great experience in nautical affaire, so as to make them fit to fill such a post; but the pro- bability is, that no such ren can be appointed, so long as the race of politicians exist and the grog shops are open. John Young is a good man, but not much acquainted with the law or prac- tice of the political grog shops of this city; yet we would not be at all surprised to see some young or old chaps, who are better judges of brandy than of business, get the appointment.— Ob, for a little of that clear water from the “ pool of Saloam!” Instead of making it grog, as many o1 these grog-shop applicants would do, we would rub a little of it over the eyes of John Young, so as to enable him see into and scruti- nize the characters of those applicants. If we could accomplish this, we would take out a pa tent for this eye-water, and surpass even the sarsaparilla people themselves, all hollow, in shouting its praises, and making it purify the blood of politicians. Pitrering anv Revortine.—We call the at- tention of the proprietors of the New York Ex- press to their Washington letter, dated the 11th instant, and published on the 13th. This letter is a gross imposition upon them, the material parts of it being stolen from the telegraphic report of the Herald, procured at great expense, and published the day before it appeared in the Express. We also call the attention of the proprietors of the Philadelphia Ledger to a similar infringe- ment of the rules ot honest men, perpetrated, unknowingly, on them by their Washington correspondent. Inthe Ledger of the 12th inst., a letter dated Washington, the 10th, appears, which contains, word for word, taken from the Herald of the duy before, a portion of Mr. Johnson’s speech in the Senate. We do not charge the proprietors or principals of either of these journals with the despicable offence of stealing the labors of others, and pub- lishing them as their own ; but we unequivocaliy do charge this offence on some of their corres- pondents, and are prepared to prove it by evi dence that must carry home conviction to every reasonable mind. ‘hould this be permitted by respectable newspapers, in their correspondents ? Arrairs aT Sr. Domingo.—We learn from Captain Mather, of the Bridgewater, who arri- ved, yesterday, from Aux Cayes, that from the +ymptoms of discord openly evinced by the in habitants, a general insurrection was hourly ex- pected. The cause, it is said, has grown ont of a dislike the people entertain for the President It appears he is not at all popular, having, on former occasions, committed acts both unjust and illegal upon the citizens. fig His X-Excellency Martin Van Buren is stopping at Julien’s Hotel, in Washington Place another says it is the Hon. B. F. Buatler’s His X-Excelleney John Tyler is at his motner- in-law’s, Mrs. Gardner’s, in Lafayette Place If you want to see a sight, loaf about the cor nerof Fourth street and Broadway at about half past 10 in the forenoon, when they sally forth to promenade. They generally meet there, and On! Bi ae ee H.GHLY IMPORTANT IN/ELLIGENCE FROM MEXICO. FOUR DAYS LATER. OPERATIONS OF GENERAL SCOTT, Vigorous Prosecution of the War. THE WHOLE OF MEXICO 10 BE HELD BY THE AMERICAN FORCES. THE MEXICAN CONGRESS BROKEN UP. Movements of the Mexicans, A BAND OF ROBBERS DEFEATED, he, be. be. Pererssore, Jan. 18, 1848. New Orleans papers of the 7th inst , were re- ceived by overland express this morning, through which we learn that, on the 6th, the schooner Eleanor arrived with advices from Vera Cruz to the 29th ult., being four days later than the news brought by the Fanny. By arrival at Vera Cruz from the city of Mexi- co, the important intelligence has beea received of the issuing of orders by General Scott, to the effect that the American army is about to spread itself over and hold possession of the entire republic of Mexico, until the go- vernment of the latter sues for peace upon terms that will be acceptable to the United States. A number of orders from General Scott are published, relative to the taxes, and the various articles for taxation are enumerated. Such funds as have hitherto been payed to the Mexican, are now demanded by General Scott for the support of the American army. Among other prohibitions, we notice that a stop has been put to all lotieries. | The Monitor publishes a letter from Queretaro, in which it is stated that, in consequence of the departure of several Deputies, the present Mexi- can Congress would not again come together. The new Deputies and Senators, the letter adda, will suon be inthe city. The intrigues of foreign powers and monar- chies, are beginning to excite the suspicion of the Mexican government, and silent measures are being taken for counteracting and suppressing these foes, which pre more dangerous, so far as the liberty of the republic is concerned, than are the foes with whom they are already at war. The general government is said to be much cramped for means with which to progress, owing to the fact that the governments of the States have refused to fulfil their promises of aiding it with all the resources at their com- mand. ‘ Assistant Surgeon Sales expired at the capital on the 15th ult., and was interred with military honors. Lieut. McDonnelly, of the 3d artillery, andtwo other officers, with a small party, left Puebla for Jalapa, on the 15th, having charge of considera - ble money. They were attacked in the night by fourteen robbers, and although only three of our countrymen had arms, they defeated the ladrones, and arrived safe at their destination. We understand that Col. Childs was about to leave Vera Cruz, where his regiment has been entertained with a splendid supper. GREAT AYLOR MASS MEETING AT MONTGOMERY, ALABAMA, Monteomery, Jan. 8, 1848, A great mass meeting was held in the capitol of this State to-day, and such_a demonstration and tremendous gathering of the people was never before witnessed in our town. The following named gentlemen were appoint- ed the officers of the meeting :— Present. Hon, JAMES E. BELSER, of Montgomery. Vice Paxsipents, Hon. Julius Calford, ot Macon; Hon. Robt. Jamison, of Tarcaloosa: Gen. J. M. Caleb Wiley, of Talladaga; Hon. Elisha Young, of Marengo. Secnetanies, Esq., Montgomery; P. C. Harper, Esq., of Macon. The meeting was addressed by the president; by Wm. M. Murphy, Feq., of Green; the Hon. Julius Calford, of Maoon, the old war horse of Georgia; Hon. Arthur F. Hopkins, ot Mobile; Samuel F. Rice, Esq., of Talledega; Hon. Benjamin C. Post, of Tuscaloosa; Samuel C. Bee- man, of Coosa; Joseph W. Taylor, E*q, of Green; H Lewis, and Lewis C . Payson, Esqs., of Talledega. The following resolutions were adopted by acclamma- tion Resolved, That we have fall confidence in the honesty, capacity, aud patriotiam of Gen. Taylor, and that we | recommend him to the people of the United States asa candidate for the next Presidency, without regard to party distinction or geographical limits. With him at the bead of the government, the oe of every section would be protected, ths constitution maintained, and the Union preserved. Resolved. That we approve of his unalterable deter- mination not to bea candidate of a party, but of the people ; and if elected by the people, tc administer the government with a view to the integrity, honor, and prosperity of the whole Union; and that we believe that his administration would commaad the gratitude of bis countrymen and the admiration of the world Resolved. That we deem the true position of General Taylor to be this :--Ie considers himself to be placed in nomination by the people of some of the States in their primary assembii ge that relation to them cide whether yy will adopt this nomination veh made by s portion of the people. General Taylor will oppose no obstacle to this mode of proceeding, either tae action of State or general conventions in his behalf. Resolved, That the peopl+ in the respective counties in this State, who agrve with us, are earnestly req rested | to meet and appoint delegates to a meeting to be held in Montgomery, on the first Monday in June next, to nomi- nate an electoral ticket, pledged to the support of Gen. Taylor. Hen ilved, ‘That we recommend the early formation of Rough and Ready Clubs, to advance the cause of the people’s vnadidate. Resolved. That a central committee be hereafter ap- pointed by the chairman of this meet! to correspond wich the friends of Gen Taylor in this State and else- where, f.r the contemplated mass meeting in this city. Resolved, That a committee of ten be sppointed by the cbairaan of this meeting, to address Taylors suitable letter. communica'ing to bim the wishes ot the people of this meeting; end with such le to transmit to him w copy of this preamble aad these resolutions. The resolutions were introduced by Wm. A: Murphy, Esq, of Green. siasm prevailed. Another Letter from Goneral Tylor. Patwapevruia, Jan. 13-105 A. M. The following letter has just been received from “Old Rough and Ready” :— Baron Rovar, La , Deo. 30, 1843, GentLemEn — Your polite communication of the 17th instant, in which I am kiadly invited to participate with you in your oulebration of the approaching anniversary of the victory of New Orleans, did not reach me uatil this moroing Although now quite too late for me to reach your city by the sppoinced time, I deem it proper to state, that had your letter reached me at an earlier date, I should yet, 1 regret to say, have been unable to accept your tind invitation. Private matters of much {mportance to me.and the fact that my professional rsrvices are at any moment at the disposal of the government, rend-r it necessary and proper. that ducing my short leave of ab- sence from duty,{ should remain in this vicinity, Be plear- ed, therefore, gentlemen, to convey to my fellow citizens of Philadelphia, my sincere acknowledgements for this andeserved evidence of their kind consid-ration, and my great regret that | am uaable to make these acknow- \edgements to them in person an am thus compelled to forego the pleasure of meeting you on this interest- ing occasion I beg that you will accept in my stead, the following sentiment : — “The City of Philadelphis—The devoted patriotlem Thomas H. Walls, Exq., Montgomery; Geo. C. Bell, | e utmost enthu- I hor oititend (irmimsten the terighion pages of our may tlepal wi) For Ves, goutietiion, be pleased to accept the sesurances of my esteem, and believe me to be, Very 5 Your obedient servant, Z, TAYLOR, Major General U, 8. A. Mr. Clay inthe Supreme Court—Decision In favor of Mrs. Gaines’ Claim, Wasuarnaton, Jan. 13, 1848. Mr. Clay attended the Supreme Court to-day, and moved the admission to practice of Mr. Na- thaniel Hoxie, of New York, a son of Joseph Hoxie, Esq., his old political friend. The Court room was crowded. A large num- ber of ladies attended. Mr. Webster was present, and Mr. Clay sat a long time by his side, fronting the Judges. Judge Wayne delivered an opinion in Mrs Gaines’ ca: ustaining her cluims to vast tracts of land in the Western States. Naval Intelligence. Norrotk, Jan. 13, 1843. The U.S. brig Porpoise, Lieut. Gordon, at Nortolk, is under sailing orders‘ for Africa and the Mediterranean. ‘The Steamer Hibernia. * Boston, Jan. 13, 1848. The steamer Hibernia, from New York, se- venty-three hours, arrived at Halifax, N.S, 6th inst., 11 A. M., and cleared aj 4 P. M. same day, for Liverpool. — CONTINUATION OF THE DEBATE ON THE TEN REGIMENTS BILL, Mr. Pearce’s Reply to Mr. Johnson, Se. de. ee THIRTIE CH CONGRES 5. FIRST SEdSION. Senate. Wasuixoton, Jan, 18, 1848, RESOLUTIONS RELATIVE TO ALEXANDRIA AND VIRGINIA. Mr. Hunter reported a bill supplementary to the act yetroceding Alexendria to Virginia. Read twioe. GEN SCOTTS’s OPINIONS ON THE WAR. Mr. Manav introduced a resolution, which lies over, calling on the President for copies of all the suggestions and opinions transmitted by Gen. Scott relative to the prosecution of the war and its objects, and the forces requisite to carry it on. GOVERNMENT L088K8 BY SOUTHERN EXPRESSES, Mr. Jonsson, of La., submitted @ resolution calling for a statement of losses by expresses to and from New Orleans. Agreed to. INFORMATION WITH REGARD TO THE WAR. Resolutions were offered by Mr Darron, calling for information relative to foreed contributions by the army in Mexico; and by Mr. Baldwin, for copies of the cor- respondence between Mr. Trist and the Mexican Com- missioners. Adopted. REGISTER AND REGULATION OF VESSELS. The House bill authorizing a register for the bark Sarah and Elisabeth, was passed; and, also, the bill re- gulating the number of passengers in emigrant vessels sailing to Liberis. ADJOURNMENT OVER TO MONDAY. Mr. Catron of Pennsylvania, moved that when the Senate adjourn, it would do so to meet again on Mon- dey next. Mr. Cass, of Michigan, hoped the Senator would with draw the motion. It was not often he opposed an ad- journment of the kind, but he hoped that the Senate would go on with the army bill, because it would yet re- quire some time to get it through, at the rate of an hour anda haifa day devoted to its consideration. Mr. Cameron said, we should lose nothing by an ad- journment over to Monday. There was a great deal of business to do by Senators for thvir constituents, and in the committee rooms, which would take up the whois of the two days proposed. Mr. Cass appealed for action upon the army bill. Du- riogall this week, we had appropriated only six sours to the subject of the army. A division was called upon the motion, and it was car- ried by a large majority. THE TEN REGIMENT BILL—MR. PEARCE’S SPEECH, At quarter past one o’clock the ten regiment bill was taken up Mr. Pearce, of Maryland, from an engagement cf business elsewhere, would take occasion thus early to express his views upon this bill. With the opinions of his colleague, Mr. Johnson, in many respects, he con- curred; with other of his views, he totally differed. The issue was broadly defined between them. He felt bound to take up this issue. One reason cmong others for doing so was, that his term of service was about expir ing; and, while yet the Maryland Legislature was in session, it was proper that he should define hisposition on this general question, so that the Legislature may know how to dispose of the trust which had been con’ fided upon him = He,would meet the issue without fear The war was commenced unjustly; without sufficient provocation, and unconstitutionally, by the President of the United States. This was the ground upon which he intended to stand. He argued that the non-payment of indemnities was no plea forthe war. The contract was not made an excuse, and could not be urged now. The fact was that Mexico had made great efforts to settlo these obligations, and she was rather to be pitied than otherwise. He cited the case on indemnities against Great Britain, Naples, Denmark, and above all, the French indemnities, and our indulgence in those | cases, as not warranting the slightest complaint aganst the delay of Mexico to pay her dues, especially when we know that many of these claims were fraudulent, and not worthy a moment’s consideration ina petty court. The indemnities, then, were not the ca of the war. The cause was on unauthorized act of the Peesident of the United States. My colleague took good care, how- ever, not to make these indemnities a cause of the war. Mr. P. then took up the argument of Mr. Johnson on the Texas question, which went to show that the boun- dary of Texas was the Rio Grande, and that the Mexi- cans, by crossing the Rio Grande, in hostile attitude, in 1846, had invaded the rightful territory of the United Stater; and had thuscommitted abundant provocation for war. My colleague, to prove the Rio Grande the boundary of Texas, cites the treaty agreed upon be- tween the authorities of Texas and General Santa Anna after the battle of San Jacinto. Why, sir,!am aston- ished that he should bring up such authority as that, Santa Anna was a prisoner of war, under duress, and no compact extorted from him, as such prisoner, even had he possessed the required authority could be held valid in any court of law forasingle moment. That treaty Sir, was worth no more than so much blank paper.— Ssnte Anna was a prisoner—what should they do with him? What said General Lamar? “I am decided!y op- posed to all negotiation and arrangement with him ; be- caure he was 4 prisoner «uc not free to act ; not worthy of confidence ; and cannot fulfill his promises.” The treaty would not be ratified by Mexico, because it was made by & captive, General Santa Anns, but not rati- fled by a returning one, General Urrea. A Voice —Goneral Filisola Mr. Peance—Yes, the gentleman says, Filisola ; but my colleague rested bis «rguments on the assumption that Texas bad a right to the country between the Neuces and the Rio Grande, if not by title, by reason of occupation ; a fact on which he relies for ite occupancy. | Now, the fact proves the desertion of the oouatry, and that the inbabitants lefc it, and that Texas had no olvi government there—not even « jus:ice of the peace, or & consteble. If Texas had permanent sway, she certainly would have bad a recorder’s office there, Mr. Pourse referred to afew authorities, which, he thought, cvuld not be overthrewn. He first invoked that of Mr Ben. ton, and read from aapeech delivered by that gentie- man, not three years ago, to show that the Rio Grande belonged to Mexico ; and that the Neuces was boundsry between the two countries Hoe referred to the report of Mr. C.J Ingersoll, in the House of Representatives in 1845, who claimed the grout desert between the Nue. oes and the Rio Grande as an invpracticable barrier and the proper line He wlso read from a despatch, from Mr Donaldson, the chargé d'affaires, written toMr Bachan- an It said, ino dozen places, that we could hold Corpus Christi, and that if the Mexioans attempted to dislodge our troops, we should drive the enemy to tie Rio Grande; and that the territory was held by Mrxi:o. and not by Texas The argument is foattered to the winds, that the territory belonged to Texas He controverted the position of his colleague that if Texas had got possession of disputed ter ritery she had the power to take St; this, »leo, was dinproved by the facts, that Texas was admitted into the United States, just with euch rights as phe possesse 1 And the quoeiton of her pope hotindaty, wa Inf to fe mised, Mr. Cai.Houn and Mr, Sevied intexoupted Mr. f. for the purpose of making explanations, to show that the true boundary line came up the Rio Grande from its mouth to its source, as far as was shown by a map com- municated by President Tyler, in reply to a call for the claims set up by Texas. Mr. Prance said he was awake for the communication of this map, but the officer who sent it im said that he did not give this as the true boundary, but merely as that which was claimed by Texas, He took the authori- ties quoted by his colleague, and reviewed them to show their weakness or inapplicability. The President had no right to take military possession of any part of this disputed territory. His doing so was an act of war. The British posts were not surrendered to the United States after Jay’s treaty. Sim- ilar delay took place after the North Eastern boundary was defined, and notwithstanding the outrages perpe} trated, our government exhibited no such impatience as it now displayed, Had as much forbearance been shown now, there would have been no occasion to repel inva- sion, as within the province of the President. But that is not declaring war. That can only be declared by Con- gress. Astothe progress of the war, he thought we hadin our hands indemnity enough, and paid a high tribute to the gallantry of the army. Weare entitled to indemnity in in money for our losses in this war. Had we not the same right to ask indemnity of Great Britain at the close of our two wars with her? Yet we had never got one cent back to compensate us for the $150,000,000 we had ex- pended on them. He hoped we had not one measure of damages for Mexico and another for England. Indemnity in money to compensate the wounded honor of our coun- try he would spurn it. Indemnity for pecuniary losses by our citizens we had a right to demand; but Mexico lies prostrate and bleeding at our feet. She had none of the elements of power left her. If we continue the warany longer, we shall reduce ourselves to a lével with “ne guerillas. There is nothing left for us but to p)'under and destroy. He hoped we should not thus haz- ard our national honor, because Mexico is too proud to sue for the. peace she desires. As tothe incorporation of Mexicoin our Union, he hoped it never would take place. Such @ forced and ynnatural union would be utterly at variance with the principles on which our constitution is founded. It would be pro ductive only of greater hatred. We should have a se- oond Ireland fastened onus If we donot stop now,where shall we stop? Are weto become the ocean bound republic. He had heard a person predicting that, in pro- cess of time, Chins would become annexcd tous. He felt that farther progrers would endanger our own in- atitutions. He took s view of the cost of the war. The Secretary, last session, asked for twenty-three millions as sufficient for tbo war; afterwards he found it necessary to raise « little more, and obtained authority to re-issue $5,000000 treasury notes, making $28,000,000. He now comes for $18,000000 more for the present year, and twenty mil- lions and a half for the next, and he believed that this would not be near the smouct required. He was for raising the money by taxing the people. He did not want tho glory for this age and the taxes for the next If we will revel im glory, we ought to pay for it, He smiled at the idea of paying the ex- Penses of the war, out of the revenue of Mexico, which were near exhausted. He would not vote a man ora dollar more to carry on the war further ; although he was ready to vote all that was necessary to sustain our troops which are now there. Mr. Bancer said he wished to make some remarks, but gave way to Mr. Johnson to ask a question of his colleague and his feiend, would he have voted for the law of May 13, 1846, without the preamble? Mr. Peance seid he would. If it was necessary for our army, he would no! have had it sscrificed for a hundred millions. He might have gone further. He would have voted fora proposition such as was embodied in the amendments moved by Mr. Schenck in the House, and perhaps he might have voted for the bill without it. Mr. Bapoer expressed his readiness to yield his claim to the floor, to the Senator from South Carolina. On the motion of Mr. Butienr, the Senate adjourned House of Representatives. ‘Wasnincron, Jan. 13, 1648, SURVEYORS AND PURSERS OF THE NAVY. The resclution of Mr. Scuencx, from the Naval Com- mittee, for inquiring into legality of the order of the Secretary of the Navy for giving assimilated rank to surgeons and pursersof the navy, was reconsidered, ant the resolution was adopted, 68 to 97. After some other unimportant business, on the motion of Mr. Cuasx, of Tennessee, the Srxaxer opened and laid before the House a ‘ MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT. This message was communicated yesterday, and on being read,proved an answer to a call from the House for instructions to Mr. Slidell, and relative to the return of Santa Anna and Paredes to Mexico. It refers to the ro- ports of the Secretaries of War and Navy, ascompany- ing this message, and to his annual message, for all in- formation be can communicate relative to Santa Anpa and Paredes. The President deolined giving any information respecting Santa Anna’s, return to Mexico, as incompatible with the public interest. Various motions were made respecting its disposition when an animated debste grew up, in which Messrs Adams, Schenck, Cullamore, and Toombs partici- pated, and who condemned the President and his course, while Mr. Charles Ingersoll and others eus- tained the message, and defended the President. On motion, it was made the special order of the day for next Tuesday. The House then adjourned. NEW YORK LEGISLATURE... Aunanr, Jan, 13, 1849, Senate. THE SLAVERY QUESTION, The House resolutions relative to slavery in territory which may be hereafter acquired, were called up; and after the reading of the journal, and a short debate were agreed to, by a vote of 20 to 1—Mr. Tamblin giving the only vote in the negative. y, The first resolution of the series offered by S. H. P. Fall, relative to slavery, was adopted bya vote of 21 to 7—Meesers. Adams, Betts, Fine, Cloyd, Hawley, Smith, and Tamblin, being the dissentieuts. The remainder of the resolutions were adopted unanimously. HARBOR MASTERS. The bill relativeto the harbor masters of the port of New York, was reported. CHARITABLE INSTITUTIONS. Mr. Littur brought in bill for the incorporation of charitable and benevolent arscciations. FUGITIVE SLAVES. Mr. Taeapwext offered a bill prohibiting all judges, in this State, from taking proceedings under the laws of Congress for the re-taking of fugitive elaves; and that no officer, other than the United States Marshal, shall arrest any such fugitiveunder ity of $500, and from six to twelve months imprisonment. [The telegraph does not inform us whether this bill passed or was laid on the table—Herald.] : PROTECTION OF FEMALE CHARACTER, Mr Hawtey, by consent, brought in a bill to protect the character of females. LOCATION OF BANKS. Mr. Arnautt gave notice of a bill to require all banks to conduct their business where they are located. SeLeeT comMitrers. ‘The following Select Committees were appoloted :— On Mevican War.—Merars. Wilkins, Frost, Fox, Fine, Clark, Dette, Ayrault, and Bush. On Landlord and Tenant.—Messrs. Treadwell, John- son, Smith, Fine, Tamblin, Little, Fuller, and Brown. son, BROOKLYN TAXES, The bill to authorise the collection of taxes in the 8th ‘and 9th wards of Brooklyn, was ordered to # third read- ing. GAS IN NROOKLYN. Mr, Hawxey reported # bill to incorporate @ gas com, pany in Brooklyn. THe ACPREME COURT. Mr. Furnen notice of & bill relative to the Su- preme Court—to Tt suits and pleadings in equity. THE PROPERTY OF NON-RESIDENTS. Mr. Hawier reported @ Dill, subjcoting the property of non-residents to taxation. GRNEREE VALLEY CANAL, Mr. Arnaut presented the Caual Commissioners’ re- port of the oost of completing the Genesee Vailey On- nal, ABSENT The following Senators were absent from their seats to-day=Messre, Adams, Fox, Frost, W. Hall, and Wal. ton, Assembly. CORONER'S Pers, A report was reosived from the clerk of the Board of Supervisors of New York, in relation to the Coroner’s fees. AeSIONATION. ‘The resignation of John A. Collier, ome of the Com- ~