The New York Herald Newspaper, January 5, 1848, Page 2

NEW YORK HERALD.| North-west Corner of Fulton and Nassau sts, JAMES GORDOV BENNETT, PROPRIETOR. | DAILY HERALD—Rvery day (Sunday included.) | Price 2 cents per comy—€? 25 per annum—in the United | Stores Buropean eudscribers, $14 per vam, incladt the post WEEKLY HERALD—Kvery Saturd exis Der GOPY—BI 124 per annumrin the LC Eure bscrihers, by steamship, £5 per siege 7 LD FOR RUROPR—Every Steam Packet Day | M cents per copy—f5 per annum, inclu ost 83% eaelucire of postage, Subscriptions and ad- veriivements will be rec Loy Mesers Galignans, 18 rue Fiovenne, Paris; PL. ormands. 18 Cornhill, and John Millee hankestles Honpievin etveet Landon ERALD ~Every Tuesday~One | ‘Sat reasonable pri. to be writ- tor not respon: | | —Price 6% | a States | num, inclu: iO P Dt wscrapt. PRINTING of aU brat cacented heautitatly and with | orders at the Publication Office, corner of tied ESPONDENGE, containing i TARY CORR important ne licited from any quarter of the world— end fused veil alinays be Hi verally paid for. } NO NOTICE can be taken of anonymous communico- vont Whatever is intended for ineertion muat be authenti- cated by the name and address of the writer; mot necesea- uaranty uf his good faith communscations tie | AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. PARK THEATR®.—Sasps Lent & Co.'s American | Chreus. in ter various performances: BOWERY "THEATRE, Bowery —Wirp Oate—Cnan | Lorre be nrie—Aporten (MILD. HATH AM THEATRE, Chatham street —Farnt Hxart never won Fare Capr—Vonen ARTIsTe—Yanure | aw ypa—Movine Piorore ov BattLes IX MEX\ COMETH: Mesopisre CIRCUS, BOWKRY AMPHITHEATRE, Bowery— Kv estiiantum—Neono Sixoino—Paxtomimg, Ke. RNOAD WAY ODEON, Drosdway—Sixo1xo—Dancixo lope. Antists. MECHANIC'S HALL Brostwey, near Browre—Cunie STAELS, RrMsorian Sixcina, Buavesgve Danc: | TSB RNACLE —Srerenmanniuscur Musica, Com- ranr’s Concent. P*NORAMA HALL, Yarn’ PANORAMA’ r THE M Honrton —Rane Band 7P. M. "New Yoru, Wednesday, Javuary 5, 1848. Supplemental Sheet. eshall publish a supplement to the New It will be d with interesting matter, and be sent gratu- ly to our subscribers throughout the world. | York Herald to-morrow morning. 6 Modern Mivarles—The New York Herald and Electric Telegraph. We present a wonder—a miracle—a phenome- non—in the New York Herald of this morning, tothe American people, and the whole civilized world. We give our readers, to-day, nearly ten columns of highly important news, receiv- ed by electric telegraph for this office, last eve- ning, from various distant cities of the Atlantic and Western States, the aggregate distances be- ing nearly 1400 miles. The whole of this intel- igence may be stated in the following table:— Triecuarnic Woax Yrstespar. Space in Whence Hevolt Albany 5 columns 1-16 *¢ European News, mee Peon: tylvaria Leg: 'e, Harrisburg 200 lio « | Market Report trom Boston 2201-16 & Market Reporc from — Cinsinnet! 90 1-16 & Mark-t Report from = N Orleans 24:0 1.16 Market Report from Baltimore 200 = 1-16 Congressional Warbiog’n 236 e Peterrburg 5100 1-10 “ Nortolx.Va 440 1-30 “ This news consists of important commercial and political intelligence from Europe, received at Boston; the important debate in Congress yes- terday, and particularly in the Senate, in which Mr. Calhoun made one of his greatest speeches on the subject of the Mexican war; with a full report ot the Message of the Governor of the State of New York, together with the market reports from different cities, &c., &c., all down to the latest moment. This sheet presents such a specimen of jour- nalism as has never before been equalled, from the creation of the world up to this morning, in the history of mankind. It presents a combina- tion of science—activity—circumspection—mind —electricity—steam, and God knows what, that is enongh to make us alarmed at the present day, and bring us ectually to believe that either the end of the world or the beginning of the millen- nium is at hand. This is certainly an age of | wonders, ‘ and no mistske”— always including probability of General Taylor being the next ident. Congress Yesterda; —Mr. Calhoun’s Great Speech. The proceedings of Congress, yesterday, were the most important that have taken place since the commencement of the session. A debate in the Senat~, was commenced by Mr. Calhoun, | onthe Mexican war, and the crisis to which the country is verging. We give en accurste report of this speech, condensed in some particulars, in to-day’s paper; but it is sufficient to give our readere an idea of its bearing, its power, and its strength. It was received by telegraph. | Tais speech of Mr. Calhoun, and his move- | ments, in every espect, must command the at tention of the whole country, and particularly of | all business men of the nation, and all those who are engeged in commercial and financial aflairs. He believes that in consequence of vast expenditures of the Mexican war, and present condition of commercial »ffairs in oye, the country is approaching a crisis more ible in ite effect on monetary #ffairs than any thet it haseveryet passed through. Itis probable that this distinguished statesman means to alarm | the country at large, in order to produce an im- | pression on theadministration, calculated to bring about a close of the war, either by abandoning our conquests there, or by some other mode of ettingrid of Mexican matters. Yet itis a ques 4onmrerely of time, whetner Mexico is to be retained ana possessed by the United States or not. Rome had three Punic wars before she | could bring herself up to the scratch, and | annex the Carthageniun dominions to her empire. If we were to abandon ell our con- quests Mexico to-day, end retire to the Rio Grande, it would only render two more | wars necessary in a few years, to teach | that igvorent, ill-tempered, and quarrelsome | people what their duty onght to be. We believe, with Mr. Calhoun, in the terrible financial de- *truction which a continuance of the Mexican wer will produce on the various speculative Eur | teade and commerce ‘The Governut’s Message. We received last night, by telegraphio express from Albany, the very important message of Gov. Young, which was delivered to the Legislature of this State, yesterday. his mesaige is a most important document. It represents the condition of the State of New York in regard to its enterprise, its finances, and every thing connected with it,ina most prospe- rous condition. Indeed, everything is prosperous | 6 inthe Stataof New York, and well conducted, | with the sole and single exception of the bank- ing system, and principally the free banks—a coufederacy of institutions, many of which ap- pear to have been established merely for the purpose of cheating aud shaving the community, and ultimately of robbing our citizens of their hard earned property. We have little time to make remarks on this important document, which has a most important bearing on the busi- ness relations of the city and State of New York. One point, however,we cannot omit, and that is the decided position which Governor Young takes on the subject of the Mexican war—a posi- tion entirely hostile to that taken by Mr. Clay in his speech and resolutions at the Lexington meeting. The message closes with a passage of extreme importance to the political condition of the country, as indicating that Governor Young, his advisers and his party, are decidedly hostile to the course pursued by the friends of Mr. Clay, Union. Indeed, we think there can be no doubt General Taylor will command their suffrages. Oa former occasions, Gen. Scott was the favo rite; but his recent doings in Mexico have some- what impaired his chances. We cannot suppose that they will overlook the position of Gen. Tay- lor in the present condition of the Presidential question, particularly when the democrats, in Washington, and elsewhere, are beginning to abandon a'l their old politicians and take upa new man—Worth, probably—who is identified with all the glories of the Mexican war. With these remarks, we place the Governor’s messege before our read-re for what it is worth, believing that it will command the attention of all interested tin the political and eommercial affairs of the State. Atrempt To Hoax —Some of our good natured friends in Albany attempted to hoax us by run- ning a specin] express, with what they called Governor Young’s Message, delivered to the Legislature yesterday, They only half sccom- plished their purpose. After examining the mi sage, we discovered several statements in it differing from those in the Comptroller’s report, which we published yesterday, and of which there was no doubt. Oa referring to the Gover- nor’s message of last year, we diseovered the trick. Some person in Albany, connected proba- bly with the friends of the Evening Journal, un- dertook to cut up an old edition of the Evening Journal for Jauuary 6, 1847, and take the trouble of pasting passages of the message on a piece of paper, erasing the dates that would con- flict with the present year, and thus attem,)t- ed to pass it off as the message of the present year, expecting that they would make a great noise, and accomplish a wonderlul point, by succeeding in hoaxiog the Herald office. If they had succeeded, as they desired, in getting us to pass off, as the message of Gov. Young, that which was delivered a year ago, for that which was delivered yesterday, they might have crowed a little. It is very true, there is nothing very striking, or important, or able, in the messages of Gov. Young, to entitle them to be run by express, or to require any particular noise about them. If it were a document from the pen of Mr. Fillmore, the present Comptroller, it would be different. Mr. Fillmore is u man of great and varied talent, sound sense, and compre- hensive mind, and is well qualified to fill the post which has recently been occupied by that able and honest man, Mr. Flagg, who has just retired from office ; but as to the productions of Gov. Young, they are very much like the edito- rials of the Evening Journal, or the New York Tribune—very trashy and, very silly—hardly worth perusing. Atall events, we give those chaps in Albany who concocted this conspiracy to deceive us, great credit for their motive. They meant to be great scoundrels but they failed in doing so, and intended to make a great noise about it; but the result is, like a great many of their efforts to | compete with the enterprise, sagacity, and intel- ligence of the Herald, a complete and total failure. Nrws From tng British West Inpies.—The brig Helen Maria, from Bermuda, arrived yester- day, with accounts to the 24th ult. There was nothing new,beyond a few localitems. Baron De Fleur, the pianist, was giving concerts to the nobility and gentry of the island. The intelligence from Jamaica reaches the 10-b ult. cerning the state of affairs, is taken from the Journal of the 8th. “The condition of the colony {s the same, as regards Agricultural prospects are much more Rloomy than they were, but not more so than might have been anticipated. considering the ocouren- ors toast have taken place in the mother country. The failure of 80 many there. largely interested in estates in this island. has bad the effect of placing attornies in the management of properties in a very unpleasant prediea- ment, not only as regards returned bills of exchange but. the means of keeping up the cultivation, nd tekiog off the crops now on the ground How these latter are to be accomplished. is question not easily solved The Home Government bas, 1t would seem, come to the res- cue of the Meuritian planters. Will {t come tothe res. cur of thore of t! nd other West Indis colonies simi- stance: Mistortune has follo: pid succession, and difficulties thic! the agriculturiet to an extent which appals th: heart. The train of events since the ter . ination of the apprenticeship, has been such as to produce gloom and *pondency in almost every mind, and lead to conclu. rhape better not to express. When i reach their consummation, it is not easy to de- y termin “ The legislature eontinues in session, and there is rea- son to fear will not terminate its labors without coming into collision with the government The cause of this will be the disallowance of an act of th transferring certain items of paroch public, and charging tb general revenue. To this of the , to whom the des- ary of State for the colonies ferred, are d-termined to persist in it, and h report made to the House, recommended that the duty on rum sh uld he charged with the payment—or, in other words. that a clause or clauses sboxia be iotro- duced into the rum vuty bill, authorising the pubiio treasurer to pay tne transferred items out of euch duty The report is to be covrldered on Thursday, the 9b { nd should it be agreed to by the Ars-+mbly, the bill, it is expected, will not receive the Governor's asseut As the duty on rum consumed in the I:end forms an importan i*emin the revenue of the Colony, and yields some £35 000 per annum, the Jcss of the bi! will render interests of the country. There is, however, a lerge portion of sound, sensivle, and steady busi- | ness done in the United States, and this wiil | remain untouched. Looking atitin every aspect, | therefore, we are not eure but it isthe best po icy | of the United States to condense three Panic | Wars into one, and improve on the Roman model, | while we are in Mexico, to hold it tor better | worse, and take our chaner accordingly. | Mr Calboun’s great speech will be followed up ° by others in the Senate, as the subject is now | open, and will, no doubt, be agitated in that body | for weeke, and will soon be broached in the House. Fall reports of these debates will be ven every morning after they take place, | in the Neto York Herald, We regard no expen: in satisfying the public mind relative to those high matters of public interest mt Laren raom tHe Care oy Goon Hore —The | Derk Luctila arrived yrrtsrday, bringing us files of the bhipping and Mercantile Gazetie to the 6tb of Nov Cape government bad consented to grant £5000 per annum, for the next ten years, for the encourage eam communication betwen | agiand and the colonists eppear to be going abc nd. Th ¢ incon. or public ” went— breekwater, seem oummunicetion, vew roads, sud sea wails have suceweded one soother, eseh | posseesing fox Ube tuwe 19 ebere of public attention | large another mneetivg of the legislature necessary. At what period this meeting will take rlace, is uucertain. bi ° . ° . “ That a dissolution of the Asrombly, aud appeal to the people will take place. is generslly supposed.” Laren raom Verercera—Files of the Caraccas El Liberal to the 4cbh December, #nd cf the Valencia paper, Et Esp ciedor, to she 20th of November, have been re- ovived at this office. Mr. J A Etsler and two other agents of the Emigra- tion Society of Ulm. had arrived in Valencia, and were making srrangemente with the governor of tbat province, to fousd an European colony in the valley of Tacasu- ruma, The ideas of thispociety are stated to be ona andthe property owners in the province were well pleased at this prospective accession to their population, Dates from Bcgota to the let November, | wnd Quito to the 3d October, bad been received in Ca- racese. We flod the following item regarding Gen Floree, who, | it seems. is waiting tbe arrivel of hie baggage from Lon- don, 1p Jamwaten, when he will proceedito Veneruels: “The Hone of Represeatuuives of the a jaw authorising the return to Gen. Flores, of his proy ery, whieh they hed emoarg ved in uns: quence of pi jected expedition. I of the Se- wate aud Pree i, seis a proof that if Ge fe evicred into his wild pre ject, tie * ecuador would hive seyaired the 1 jastice whch wt dcubtedly war daue hin by t/e mfrnetion uf the treaty of by via, 1 thefuldimeut of which treaty boty the wational fuith, and the most sacred prineyles of public rights, &e. were iovolved ” Mie i Hi Doty, an American daguerreotypist, settled in Carsosas, had just returned there from this country, with ® splendid meggotint engraving of Gen Maez, +x0- ted {n Potledelphia, ch wae giving greet satisfac. ten to the Venezurlians The orowded state of our solve other Name of oolumns prevents our givii im there pepere. ie either in New York or in other parts of the | The only paragraph of interest con- | ‘Tite Travian Orena—-Currits-Bracr Matt.— ‘We have heard a great deal of black mail; but we have never seen such a curious, amusing, and palpable instance of it, as one which has just ‘taken place, in connection with the artists of the Italian Opera ia this city, and the amiable | persons who criticises those artists. Yesterday we received the following funny note: ~ Yew Yonx, 34 Jan, 1848. | article. Yours, respectfuily A SUBSCRIBER, We assure Benedetti that he need not make himself uneasy on account of the critici*rm of R T , who is sup- | posed to bs the noble M Le» Baron de Troubriand, for his success in the firat repressatation of “1 Puritani’’ Thou,b not as suitable to his voice as “Lucia,” ke was mach praised. The Astor House public have more musioal taste, and are more ieee gr judges than Galliardet’s critic al- lows them to be. The better portion of them have tra- veiled {mn Europe, and the ficst singers on that ride of the ter (many, perhaps, oftener then | himself), and they prefer Benedetti’s impressive and | powerful voice to the dry notes and tiresome trills of | many of the worn-out European singers, who succeed | in straining, rather than enchanting, the ears of their | listeners | We regret that Benedetti has paid any respeot to the | criticism of R. T , who is not, in this oase, the organ of | the subscribers. as he flatters himself to be. That we | have verified with the most sorupulous | nedettt requires encouragement rather | three or four hours he devo‘es dail, delicateness of his organ, and not his sd of study, that sometimes deprives bim of a!l his powers. R boasts of impartiality. His silence with regard to M’ile Barili Lc pemrgere 4 declared detestable) is in onns+qaence of his not wishing to be severe on ledies. How yenerous! Is it not, perhaps, to please M. Gal- liardet ? We join with him in declaring the orchestra to be de- testable. and Mr. Rapetti lazy. For the welfare of the Opera, we wish to Benedetti courage ani perseverance, and toR T. enough jadg- ment not to abuse the one meriting most praise, and enough sense to keep silent. Enclosed in this note was a veritable bank bill on the Bank of Commerce, of New York, Geo. Curtis, cashier; Johan A. Greenleaf, president. The note is secured by the public stocks of the State of New York, is dated October 28th, 1844, has a beautiful vignette, showing several ships in the back ground, two beautiful female figures, with bare necks, who are more like members of the ballet corps than artists, and the aggregate value of this note is one hundred dollars—gold and silver. This black meil no doubt has been sent for the publication of the above article, and to induce us, perhaps, todefend Benedetti against the French p:per published here by Monsieur Glliardet and his critic. We have been also promised a number of other articles in defence of the artists, probably un- known to them, (as it is probable that Benedetti knew nothing of this) against the critics of the other journals—namely: those of the Courier & Mr. Nobody, of the New York Herald. We beg leave to say to all those who are so friendly to the artiste—ind certainly a man must be most friendly who would send us $100—that we shall send this hundred dollars to the Lying- in-Hospital in Marion street, and the rest, if any be sent, we shall appropriate to other chari- table institutions of the city. As respects the criticks and the artists, we must say, black mail, or no black mail, our feel- ings are more forthe artists than the critics, more for the poor singers than the pompous managers. We have watch-d with attention the critics in the journals here, and must say they have writ- ten with ferocity, ignorance and illiberality, and with a spirit any other than that of a live- ral or enlightened one. Hurdly any one of the artists has escaped the lashes of some one of these critics; and if all is true that is said, and which we hear, the probability is, that they could have had pr fattest kind heaped upon them if they had only appropriated about five hundred dollars, in portable sums, distributed in certain quarters, in a proper way. Instead of which, their friends, probably led astray by the old clamors, thought it would be best to pay us_black mail, beginniog with a hundred dollars. We think th-y are right, because we mean to speak out what is right and proper, and what those who are competent judges will agree with us is so; but in relation to all that 1s connected with the Italian Opera, we mean to say every thing, free, gratis and for nothing. It they send us more money, we have no objection to take it, and we. shail duly distribute it among the charitable institutions of the city—even to the extentjot $52,736 373. Thanks be to Heaven fur giving us the oppor- tunity of doing some good 1a this world. Theatrical and Musical. Panx THtatne.—Messrs, Sands and Lent’s Cirous, at old Drury, still continues to draw crowded houses, and they really deserve it, for no greater attraction is now offered in the city, Madame Gardner, the queen eques- trien, last night drew down the applause of the whole house. The twin ponies. and the polka horse, Buceph- alus, were introduced last night, by Mr. Sands, and as- tonished every one with their wonderful performances. Go and see them; it is # rich treat. Bowery Turatre.—We succeeded last night, after some little exertion, in getting into this popular place of public entertainment, but how to get out again to pro- ceed to perform our duties of critic at another theatre— there, as Shakespeare says, ‘was the rub.’ The piece for the night was “Macbeth,” after which the beauti/ul comedy, “Is He Jeslous.”” was performed. “Macbeth” was carried out by all the talented artists engegsd in it, with great success and much beauty of histrionic re- presentation Mr. W. Marsball acquitted bimeelf admi- rably, a6 the great hero of the piece. while Mrs Jordan. as LadyjMacbeth, called down repeated plaudits from the nu- merous and fascinated audiences. There was a complete pause in the peaout trade—a panie among the coneu- mers—when she was declaiming her famous speech; it was like Wall street on a close bolidaxy—a solemn silence. Such ie the tribute unconsciously paid to histrionic ge- nius, by the admiring multitude. We cannot say we ever admired the unearthly ecene of the “Witches;” it seems to usa flaw in Sbakepeare; yet, the performers here played their parts weil, irew down & loud ex- pressiou of the spprobation they so wrll deserved This house continurr, as ever, under its excellent management, to bean inexbaustible mine of entertainment to the public; and we think we many eay of profit to its able conduct’ rs. Fora synopsis of the bill of fare, prepared for this eveniog., vertisement To the lovers of the 4: te amusements. t! place presents an alimated and ever lively, ever fasci nating resort. CuatnaM Tueatne—This lively and pleasant little theatre is always full and crowded. Nor, indeed, could it well be otherwise, with such rich resources of enter- talnment, provided by the skilful managers, and served out so ably by a oorps of talented artists. The enter- tainments last night were ric! id varied. as indeed, they always are Wo saw the Model Artiste for the first time. Really felt ashamed at the police, They must be sbom: impure and corrupt persons, if they could imagine any thing evil, immodest or un- chaste in those statuer, We refer to the advertisement for the programme of a rich treat of fan, wit and amusement to-night, for those who delight in such things. Cincus—Boweny AmpuirHratnr.—The performances very d. ‘The clowos, Wells and Williams, ps of fun, and the riding of Carroll, Master nd the others, is, indeed, elegant. That panto- it Robinson and sonkey,”’ beats everything = Tue Srevenmanxiscne Musicay Society gave « | grand concert at the Taberpacle last evening. which was attended by alarge and highly respectable audience, and we must ssy they were well repaid, for a more roien- tiflo combination of musics! exorilence, asa bend, we have never listened to. They consist of about twenty members, and constitute an orchestra of grest power aod delight'ul harmony. The march from the hymn to Pope Pius |X.. wasn brilliant display of musical ability and the overture fiom the opera of Li Muet de Portisi was executed with great rolenoe ; it evinord deep study and discipline, in the perfect harmony of #0 many instruments, and the euphonious rouods which broxy upon the rar in perfect melody The wel'z “Melodies of the Heart," ty Strauen, was given with great ability, nd the duet, from “Lioda of Chamouni ” was #0 de- to indioste a precision and irements, which prevent any. d preserves the order of riog to the soul of harmo- ions on the fugort: mo with euch | py Thethe ra of “Norm: slegant execution, that which were responded to by its being performed again The Pot Pourr: was also excellent, Deing composed of ms from the respectiv- operas. The overture to ke a8 such & finished en: re upon cheers followed. and they finally played romething | Like @ railroad overture, which surpassed anything of the kind we have ever h it would be difficalt to say pleased us most, for each pos- and a!l were melodious and charming They are accomplished in every branch of thelr profession, and are likely, by their plaintive, soul- stirring strains to become gi eat favorites | Cunt xstreLs.—Singing and dancing, laugh. ing and jon oment every eve nig. with these polvon of the uegri good houresevery night. Hall isa capital | rtand for business; at least, they have found it #0, Broapwoy Oprox —Greelay and Pinteux are making beautiful performance, that chee | bey whilst the sun shines, and it will long shine tor them. we thing, it they continue thu? adid Model | Artets The ludividuals who exbidis, are everything Ube most erittes) eye ie Piease insert in your paper this morning the following | Enquirer, of the Express, of the Tribune, and | TELEQGRAPHIO. ARRIVAL oY THE STEAM SHIP CALEDONIA EB Ce WS =" aP Io AFFAIRS IN EUROPE. The French Steamers compelled to put back, STATE OF THE MARKETS. ~ Firmness in the Corn Trade. DECLINE IN COTTON, be, he. be. We received the following telegraphic de- | spatch at five minutes past three o’clock last evening :-— | | } | Besron, Jan. 4—3 o’clock 5 min. P. M. New Yorx Henatp :— ‘The steamer Caledonia istelegraphed. She is 35 miles east frora the city. She will be up at about balf-past 6 o'clock. SPEED. The steamer reached Boston at half-past 6 o’clock; but at a quarter past six the wires were broken in the city of Boston, and it was ten ere they could be repaired, at which hour our special telegraphic reporter commenced trans- mitting the intelligence in flashes over the wires to the New York Herald office. THE NEWS. The Caledonia sailed from Liverpool on the 18th ult., and our advices are to that date, in- elusive. The intelligence is, of course, of considerable impoztance to every one. That of the most consequence to the commer- cial community, and to the agricultural class, is probably the prices of breadstuffs injEurope. We, therefore, give a comparative view of prices in Liverpool, on the 3d and 18th ult :— Trieonaruic Paice or Batapsturrs in Liverroor. Dec. 18 American Wheat. Indien Corn.... Annexed is a telegraphic view of the remain- der of the news :— The steamer Washington, as advertised, was to sail from Southampton on the 19th ult., for New York. The French steamer New York put back to Havre on the 12th ult., with six feet water in the hold. The French steamer Union; put into Cherbourg on the Ist of December, from longitude 13, leaky and pumps choked. The New World will sail on the 21st, with full cargo and compliment of passengers. The English Parliament, since opening, has been obiefly occupied with the affairs of Ireland. ‘The bill for the suppression of crime in that country, will soon becomes law. It is of the most gentlecharac- ter, and is expected as the precursor of ameliorative measures, to answer the end designed. Lord Palmerston has denied that Lord Minto was cbarged with any diplomatic mission to the Court of Rome. The celebrated Father Thomas Maguire, the Roman Catholic divine controversialist, died the week before last, in Ireland. deity Within the last fortnight or three weeks, the British Islands have been visited by a succession of tremendous gales, causing the most appalling loss of life and proper- ty on the cosst; several vessels have been wrecked, either with the whole, or a considerable portion of their crews. Among other ships from this port that have shared in the casualties, is the Franklands, for Callao, whose master, and twenty of the hands, were drowned. Spain is tolerably tranquil, though the Carlists are as usual unsettled. In the Cortes s fierce attack hasbeen made upon the administration. ‘There is no intelligence of importance from France. ‘The health of the King is bad. Agrarian disturbances have somewhat subsided in Ireland. Father Matthew will proceed to America in the New World, early in April next. Mr. Liston, the eminent surgical operator. is dead. ‘The commercial news from Iadis ie highly gratifying. ‘Trade has suffered nothing from the embarrassmente of England, and is represented as being in an exceed ingly flourishing condition. The turmoil in Switzerland is brought to a final clore The diethas decreed that the seven revolted cantons of the lesgue are to be held accountable for the expen- ses of the war, and to be occupied by the federal treops until the ameunt is paid. The Markets. Lonpow Money Maaxer, Dec, 17.—Sinoe the depar- ture of the Hibernia, the money market has not under- gone any very remarkable change. The rapidly impro- ying condition of the Bank of England, which now holds | upwards ef eleven millions of bullioa, has greatly tended to ameliorate the consequences of additional failures, and to sustain, in some measure, the tottering confidence of the country. Notwithstanding, however, the opera- tions of this cause, as well as other influences of a similar effect, those anticipations of improvement, which were lately founded upon a relaxation of the monetary pres- sure, and increased facilities of discount, have been se- riously staggered by the continued fall in value of pro- duce, particularly colonial, and the almost uopar alleled difficulty of realizing, sive at an enormous sacrifice. Although the general aspect of trade is gloomy enough, no positive retrogression from the last month’s average is observable, and it is re- garded as less than suppositious that the depression can much longer resist the growing financial power of the country and the increasing disposition of money | holders to make advances upon terms advantageou, alike to all parti The minimum rate of discount of the Bank of England, still remains unaltered, at 6 per cent; but out of doors, first class paper has been freely accommodated at 534, and even lower. Bills of inferior class have little chance—the obnsideration relating more to quality than to date or amount. The influx of gold and silver is unprecedentedly great.,Remarkablejn- activity, slightly disturbed at intervals by trifling specu- lations, has characterized the English stock market sinoe our advices of the 4th inst. A general readiness | has prevailed for some days, which has not materially operated one way or theother. On Thursday, the firrt quotation for Consols, ex. dividend, for January, 853¢ to 34, at which, sfter a temporary decline of mn oighth, they finally clored, Bank stock left off at 18636 to 183}. Reduced 3 per cents, 847{,to 85 percent. 3\¢ per cents 8634 to 4. India Bonds, 21s to 188 discount: and Exchequer bills 7s to 10s premium. In the foreign stock market, increased animation was observable, and prices showed @ tendency to fluctuate. Yesterdey Consols for account opened languldly ; sales having been made at as low as 58. After the value was 4 per cent big! Reduced 3 per cent annuities, have receded in the same proportion. Exohequer bills wore firm at quotations. Mexican bonds have fluctuat- ed from 17% to 18, and are now at the opening value, Livenroor Cons Manner, Deo. 18-12 0’olock, Noon— Corn, &e.—Best Western Canal flour, 29s to 30s per bbl; Richmond and Alexandria, 263 to 29s; Philadel- phia and Baltimore, 268 to 2% New Orlesns aod Ohio» 278; Canada, 276 to 29s 6d; United States and Canada, sour, 238 to 24561. Wheat—United S:ates and Canada, per 70 lbs, white and mixed, 74 6d to 8361; red, 6s to 7s 9d. Indian Corn, 32s to 36864, per quarter. Meal, 14s to 168 64, per bbl. Oats, 2s 6d to 3s per 45 Ibs. Oat- meal, 26 to 27864, per 240 lbs. Barley, 3sto 4s per 60 Ibs, Rye, 34 to 38 7d per 60 Ibs. Peas, 258 to 348 per 504 Ibs This market, particularly for the better descriptions of wheat and flour, has firmly maintained our last quote- tions, with a slight upward tendency, and ® general im- provement of tone. No material change can be ob- served in the price of Indian corm and meal; and al- though the demand for Ireland has for some days been more than ordinarily inactive; an improved inquiry was met in our market yesterday, at an advance of Isa quarter, Flour was somewhat slow, without depression, but sour rather brisker than usual. The general che- racter and prospects of the grain market will, doubtless be materially affected by the reeumption of the rlidng soale of duty on the Ist cf March, of which the govern- ment has given notice. The duty will oneiliate upon wheat, from 4s to 10n per qr, and upon flour, from 2s 6d nary to middling, 8% to 4%<4 per Ib; 4% 4 to 6d; good to fine, 54d. No to middling, 34 to 3X4; fair to good fe! good to fine, 6d to 74d. Ala. and Tenn. ordinary to middling. 34d to 43d; fair to good fair,41. Bowed Georgia ordina:y to middling, 34d to 434d; fairto good retarted ordinaty to 64; fair, 44d to 5Kd; goodto fine, 6d. Sea Island ranges from 7344 to 18d; and stained from 344d to3d. The cotton market still continues languid at @ further de- | cline of 44 to <a per lb, with little fluctuation. Ope- rations are conducted on the most limited scale; the market for goods and yarn bing etill in an exceeding- ly gloomy condition. The trausactiovs for the week ending the 10th inst. amounted to «bout 22.000 bales, and those of the week ending last evening are estimated ‘at 21.600, of the latter, 4,850 were Upland, at 3X4 to 54; 7.650 Orleans at 33;d to 5$4d; 3,560 Ala. and Mobile, at 4d to 4344; and 35) Sea Island at the quotations above, Speculation is wholly suspended, and the transactions for export have not exceeded 1,200 bales in the fortnight. Livgrroor, Dec, 18 ~Provisions —Beef, prime mess per tlerce, now, Sis to 90s ; ordinary, 70s te 80s ; mess, per barrel, 40s to 488 ; ordinary 36s to 428 ; prime 308 to 343 ; extra India, family, &c., 958 to 100s, duty free. Pork, prime mess, new, per barrel, 3s to 60s ; old, 30s to 408; meas, 553 to 60s; prime, 33s to 40:—duty free. Bacon, dried and smoked : old, per cwt. 158 to 303; long | middles, 24s to 40s; short, 25s to 40s—duty free. Ham duty paid: smoked or diy, in canvass, per cwt 20s to 5 in casks, salted, duty free, 25s to 353. Tongues, ox, per dozen, duty paid, 10 to 163; pigs, per cwt, 16 to 268,— Butter, United States, not quoted; Canadian, 66 to 79a per cwt. Cheese, duty paid, fine, per cwt, 46 to 498; middling, 42 to 45s; ordinary, 30 to 40s, Lard,duty free, fine leaf in kegs, per owt, 53 to 568; in bbls, 52 to 55s; or- dinary to middling, 48 to 60s; inferior and grease, 29 to 33s, Rice, duty free, Carolina, dressed, first quality, 198 64 to 225 6d per owt; second quality, 178 to 19s 6d. Metale—U S lead in bond per ton, £15 to £17 10s, British bar iron per ton, £8 to £3 16s. Cargoin Wales, bars, £8. Sootch pigs, £3 2sGd. Welsh, £5 to £5 5s. Tin plates per box 1 C best charcoal, 30s to ‘Tallow—duty paid per cwt, 453 to 47864. Pitch—duty free, per owt. 286d to 3s. Tar—duty free, per bbi, 18s to 16s. Rosin—duty free, amber and yellow per owt, 28 4d to7s6d. Turpentine—rough, duty free, per owt, 68 to 7s, Spirite—duty paid, per owt, 15s to 258, Qlls— Lard duty free, per ton, £48 to £42; sperm, duty’ paid, 85 to £87; whale, duty free, £26 to £28 ; Linseed cake, duty free, per ton, at £8 to £10 10s. Hemp— Dew rotted, per ton, £27 to 28; hackled, £28 to £32. Hides, duty free, free from wet salted to hemlock tanned, 78 8d. to 9d. per lb, Hops, in bond, per owt. 30s to 50. Tobacoo, from Virginia leaf faded to manufactured, per 1b. in bond, 24. to 9d. Ashes, U. 8. pot, per owt., duty free, 268. 6d. to 278 ; pearls, $08. to 3s ; Montreal pot, 28s. 6d. to 298; pearls, 325, to 349. Bark, duty free Quercitron, per cwt N.Y. and Philadelphia, 88 to 9s. Shipping Intelligence. Livenroot. Dec 16—Arr Acadia, (5) Boston; Hottinguer, jew Work; 17th, [vane Wright, do: Failed 18h, Aberdeen: 16th, 8 Gen’! Berry, Boston: ldth. Excelsior, do: Ivanhve, New York: Gar- rick. do: 12th. Constitution, do; Cambridge, do; Tuskar; Joha Fielding; Dieby: Bevan Deo 12—. teamship New York, Ferrand, New ‘ork. New York Legislature. Orexep Janvaany 4, 1348. ‘Whigs in Italics; Democrats in Roman. Senate. Dist. Dist 1, John G Floyd. 17. John M. Betts. 2. David A. Bokee, 18. Devid H_ Little. 3. William Hell. 19. Thomas E. Clark, 4. John L, Lawrence. 20, Themos H Bond. 6. Samurl Frost 2. John W Tamblin. 6. Wm. Samuel Johnson. 22. George Geddes. 17. Saxton Smith 23. Samuel H P. Hall, 8. Alexander J. Coffin, 24, William I. ‘nwell” 9, Samuel J. Witkin. 25 Timothy S. Williams. 10 Platt Adams, 26 William M Hawley. ll. Valentine Treadwell, 27, Jerome Fuller, 12. Albert R. Fo: 28 4 Hyd Cole, 19. James M. Cook. 29 Allen Ayrault. 14. James § Whallon. 30 John W. Brownson, 15, Jobn Fine. BL. John T. Bush. 16. Thomas Burch. 82. Frederick 8. Martin, Assombly. Alex inder Stewart, Michael Walab, Erastus C. Benedict, Robert G Campbell, Merwin R. Brewer, Aupany, Frederick Mathias, Robert H. Pruyn, Henry A. Bingham. ALLEGANY, James Brooks. John Wheeler, Niagara, William Cobb. Elias Ransom, Broomy. Selomon Mors, Jeremiah Huil Oxeiva. Catraravevs. Luke Smith, Warren Converse, Bloomfield J. Beach, James G Johnson, Mareus a Johnson. Ga. Henry Wager. Ebenezer Curtis, OnonpaGa. John J Brinckerhoff, James Little, Hector C. Tuthill. Horace Hizen, Cravtavaue. Thomas Spencer, John H Pray, Curtis J. Hurd. David H_ Trendway. Onrtanro CHEMUNG, Charles 8S Brother, George W Buck Hiram Aahley. CuEnanoo, Onanar. Levi H_ Case. Esra P. Church, Stephen Rapelje George Hotes! Augustus P Thompson, Onreans. -irba Chubb. Osweco. M. Lindley Lee, Charies B. Osborn. ContLanp. Andrew Z MeCarty. James Comstock. Orseco. Detawars. Ber jamin Davis, Platt Townsend. Olcott C, Chamberlin, John Cathoun, Elisha & Saunders., Deronses. Putnam. Edgar Vincent, Chaunecy R Week. David Collins, Jr., Queens, James Hammond. Wessel S. Smith. Rewasetagn. Emir. Elbvidee G. Spalding, Harry Slade, Amos R. Hodlry, George T Denison, George W. Cla Ricumonp. Ephre'm J Totten, Rocrtann, Lawrence J. Sneden, Elon L. Wi hell St. Lawanence. Funton axp Hamicton. Charles G. Myers, Teaae Benedict. John S. Uhipman, Grnesrx, Benjamin Holmes. Tracy Pardes, Sanatoaa, Alonzo & Uphi Cady Hollister, Gare George Poyne. Alexander H Palmer, Bcnexxctapy. Frederick A. Fenn. Abraham W Toll. HeRximen Schonanie. James Feetrr, Adam Mattice, Lawrence L. Merry. James Parsons. JEFFERson. Sereca. Benjamin Maxson, Jobn Kennedy. Harvey D Parker, Stevsen. Fleury Keith. Abel Kendall, Kins. John @. Mersereau, Fbinezir W ‘Alexander H. Stephens. Edwards W. Survoix, John A. Cross. Ewin Rose, Lewis. Willism 8. Smith. David D. Reamer. Suurivan. Livinaston. James F. Bush, Gurdon Nowlen, ‘Tioga. Nathaniel Coe. Erastus Goodrich. Maptson. Tomrxins. John T. @. Bailey, John Srarup, George Grant Alpheus Weat, Monnor Uneter, Ezra Sheldon, Grorge A. Gay, Abraham Mf. Schermerhorn, Job G. Elmore, Tsaao Chase. War Monrtcosteny. Albert Cheney. Aaa Bonman, Wasninaron, William A Haslett. Benjamin Crocker, Elisha A. Martin. J. Phillips Wayne. James Bow Eltada Pettit, John H - Bi John Lay John F_ Redman, Wrsetcursren. Petr H Titva, Richard M. Underhill, Samuel G Roymond, Jared V. Peck. William B Meech, Wromina. Thomas Charlock, Paul Richerd: Y. Dennis Garrison. ar Hatley N Doz. Martin H. Truesdell, is aut oe Tur Weatnen —The weather yesterdsy was very pleasant, being clear and cool. Inthe afternoon there ‘was some indication of rain,which soon cleared off, leav- ing e beautiful star-Jight evening. Szaiocs Accipent rrom Ca\ ton. of Brookly sexxse.—As Mr. Dal- in wi re passing through Fulton rtreet, to: ‘da the Forry, on Monday night, Mra, D. fell thro gh ult bole, in front «f No 67, and was injured. She wae taken into No 65, fnoovered that the fall bad produced va Dr. MeDonnell wan immediately ery nesintence, but it was with arly bled to death, These accidents are of quent occurrence. and such culpable carelessn be visited with the utmost rigidity of the law. many injuries which have occurred to persons in quence of the gratings having been lett off. nerve as no warning. and it seems thet nothing will, until proper le- pal measures are resortedto Mrs. D, we understand, now lies in a dangeroun condition. Troverr 1 Hien Lire — Degrading as is inconstancy | im married life, we almost daily hear of cases, which are really humillating to contemplate upon We yesterday became acquainted with a case in this city, which, wh | fully known, will create greater consternation in the higher circles of society, than any similar iranenotion of like character for twenty yenrs past. We hope to be i to give the fall particulars of the oase. bat the gentleman is a young man, the sen of an ex-go the resented aa being you profi very wealth; lady, who tn ful, the wife 008 gin the upper circle, who are privy action. reais: doubt. were active m destroying domestic happiners. of a very interesting child, which ahe hen taken with her. a very jonal gentleman, in moderate cit. 4 men ani Ns seppet ciceles wire nee Had to the trans eans in thus ‘The lndy fs the mother to 6s per barrel, adjusting itself to the rise and fall cy the market, Indjen corn, now free, will be subject to a duty of is per qr; amd mes) to Od per bb Liveareck Corton Manxet, Dee. it—Mobile eral | It ta naid » Dil He been inggoduced iuto the Legirla- ture of Alebama to prevent Vie ration of the fa- INTELLIGENCE BY TELEGRAPR ‘O THE LATEST MOMCNT LAST NIGHT. THIRTIE : :{ CONGRESS. FIRST SESSION. THE GREAT SPEECH OF THE HON, JOHN C, CALHOUN ON THE MEXICAN WAR. Wasuinaton, Jan. 4, 1849. Senate. The galleries of the Senate were densely crowded at | an early hour by spectators. Mr, Camenon presented the proocedings of the war | meeting at Philadelphia. Mr. Baxesx introduced a bill to create the cfloe of ‘Surveyor General of Oregon, and to grant pre-emption rights to actual settlers. Read twice. Mr. Cass submitted a resolution calling on the Secre- tary of War for any despatches received from com- manders of thearmy since the annual report. Adopted. Several private bills, and bills concerniog certain ool- leetion distriots, were passed. At twenty minutes to one o’clock, Mr. Calhoun’s reao- lutions were taken up, on motion of Mr. Sevier. Mr Catnovun rose and said- In offering these resolu- tions, Senators, to your consideration, I have been go- verned by the same reasons whioh induced me to oppeae the war—from the same considerations which have ever since guided me. In alluding to my opposition to the war, I do not intend to advert tothe reasons which go- verned me on that occasion, farther than is necessary to explain my object on the present. | opposed the war then, not only because I considered it unnecessary, and easily to be averted—not ouly because the President, ~ without authority, ordered the United States troops to enter @ disputed territory, at that time occupied by the Mexicans—not only because the declaration of Con- gress was unfounded in truth—but from higher conside- rations of policy: because | foresaw that it must lead to great and sericus evils to the country, and greatly en- danger its free institutions, The war was declared, and re- cogaised as such, by the government, when it was too late toavert it. I then felt it to be my duty to shape my courte #0 as to prevent, as far as possible, the danger which was threatening our free institutions. Such was my object in proposing the defensive line, at the last session—such is my object in now offering these resolu. tions; but I shall express my opinion at all times, bold- ly and independently, such as becomes a Senator who has nothing tosek or gain, and whose only object is to do what is good for his country. When! proposed, in the Senate of the United States, at the last session, a different line of policy, we had a large portion of coun- try in our possession ; we stood in a better position than at apy other time sinoo, to make it ; for I hold it to bea fair principle, that we may receive indemaity, in the shape of unoccupied territory, from woods, but not from the cultivated homes of Mexicans. In offering. at the last session, peace resolutions, I did it because I thought it would bea great saving in men and money ; but above all, because | saw it would save us from being involved to the extent we noware. The President took | adifferent view; he recommended a vigorous prosecu- | tion of the war to Congress, to ‘conquer a peace ;” that is,to compel the Mexicans to make us indemnity, and also to pay us the expenses of the war. I opposed it, be- cause I thought there was great hazard if the war was continued. Congress thought differently ; it voted men and money, At Buenas Vista we were victorious ; Vera Cruz fell; Cerro Gordo was conquered—br Iliant victories, that do great honor to our army; snd finally, the gates of the city of Mexico fell prostrate to our con- quering arms. Well, sir, have the avowed objects of the war been effected? Have weoonquereda peace? Hi we succeeded in effecting a treaty ? Are we offered indem- nity? No, sir, nota single object avowed by the President, has been accomplished. No, Mr. President, the object is farther off than ever. Now,sir, | ask what has caused the complete discom4ture of our measures? We can- not charge the failure upon our troops. It is not | charged tothis; butt» the fact, thatthe plan of the | campaign was laid in er snd found-d ons mistake. We aimed at indemnity. we wanted it, we should have enforced it when we had the power in our hands. We, however, ondeavored to arrive at it by a treaty, which, had the Mexicans refused to sign, would have completely upset the arrangement. They did refuse, ent notwithstanding all our brilliant victories, the war is still upon our hands. After an outlay of $40,000 000, we are worse off thanever. [am not looking at the com- quest —[ throw that aside. We have lost 7000 or 8000 men, | besides, and all this for nothing at all. Bot, Mr. Presi- | dent, it is said that a defensive line would have been as | costly as the prosecution of the war. The President and the Secretary of War have said it; but | must ray, to my mind, it te utterly impossible. The line which I pro- | posed would have been covered with hostile Indians, ‘and would have required only « single regiment and a ship of war to guard ite coast. For seven years, Texas remained unconquered by Mexico, and that, too, when the Mexican resources and power were greater and more powerful than they are now; and can any man believe it would cost us more to defend that line, than to carry on the present war? We now come, Mr. President, to the consideration of another campaign. Sir, the same measures are proposed as were at the last session We are told it is not for conquest; that is explicity disavowed. It is not an order to blot out the nationality of Mexioo, for the President avows distinctly he wishes to retain its nationality. Now,sir, we come to the practics] question : Shall we carry on the war? I have inquired carefully into the matter, and I must say there are many reasons now existing agains: it, stronger than at the lssteeesion. A bill has been proposed au- | thorising the President to raise an additional force of | not less than twenty-five thousand men, making, in all, | not leas than seventy thousand troops for the next cam- paign, and at an expense of fully $60,000,000. Now, what is the condition of the money market at pre- sent? Last year, in consequence of the unfortunat famine in Europe, we had a large b ce of trade in our favor, and money was plentiful. We are now encumbered with a large drain both ways. We have to send large sums, both to England and Mexieo. If drafts are sent here they are cashed, and in the pre- sent state of the market the money goesto England. I | see treasury notes quoted below par, and stocks stil; | lower. The end will be that the treasury notes will go in- to the subtreasury, and epecie be given out—thus drain- ing both. ‘Tha end will bs e great commercial orisis and | the faflure of our banks. There is danger now of all this, which did not exist at the beginning of the last session, Men you may get, butmoney you cannot. I have oon- versed with » gentleman well versed in commercial mat- ters,and be has given it as his opinion, that treasury notes—and they ace nothing more er less than Joans, which must be repaid—would not bring more than 0 dollars, for every 1(0 dollars ; which is rather more, [ think, than7 per cent. Bat, sir, these are not the only objections, formidable as they a: jainst the war. I do not see the slightest chance of obtaining any thing by it, if we should be successful incur arms, which | I don’t believe; but if we should, the avowed objects would be defeated. But, sir, I take the other side. The more victories we gain, the greater will be our difficulty in srriving ata peace, asayowed. Whatisto be the effeot if we proceed to repressall resistance in Mexico? We ever- throw her civil government, and leave her without any power. Mr. President, if that is done, how are you to obtain @ peace? Oas power can make war—it re- quires two to make a peace, If you destroy the govern- ment of Mexico, where is your second party to @ peace? You are defeated by your own suscess, But what do you gecomplish by the very object you disown? Where will be her nationality? The fcee republic you with to tee will be gone—blotted out—a mere mass of what rhe was, and her sovereignty, for the time, conveyed to her conquerors, ‘The President has very much the rame conviction of what is the vigorous prosecution of the war, as Ihave. He says, that the people of Mexico are divided into factions, governed by military rulers, and the only way to arrive at what we desire, is to put them all down, Well, sir, then we are to build up republi- can form cf government, from those oltizens who are well dispored towards, and who are desirous of a peace Mr. President, I confess | am at & loss to understand how an independent republie con crow up under the protec- tion and auspices of its conqueror. | can well ree how ‘an arlstooratic, or despotic, government could bs thus formed; but how afree government c&n, I cannot see, I had always understood such a government must apring from the heartsef the people; but, sir, 1 seo there no- tions are antiquated, and we can now make free repub- lies. The people of Mexico do not wish it. The great body of the intelligence and wealth is concentrated io the clergy, aod they are disinclined to it. The other lange body, the owners of the haolendes, In other words, je “| hem from sale by Ie} proeees. rN *hotion Suede to Hadedattely postpone ‘Be bin ‘wos Lost by @ lerge NM the planters, might, perbaps, favor it; but they are test: