The New York Herald Newspaper, December 5, 1847, Page 1

‘Whole No, 4930, | ADDITIONAL INTELLIGENCE FROM MEXICO, | ‘orrespondenes of the N. O. Belts. F ; fe Vena Cavz. Nov. “a, 1847 In the of Guedalajara 8 fresh revolution has ia feyor of the alevation. to the Preal of Farias, the avewed antagonist of the sacerdotal . His partisans, whilst atteck'ng the churches snd jeavoring toabstract therefrom the sacred utensils of erie were suddenly sessulted by the mob, ineited by the ie A sanguinary ongegemont immediately ensued be- [tween the infuriated jes—the one endeavoring to [Bose the ssered te other to prot-et ‘them the t i oes, Gaxrsdayuale ef Hastenty snd Setianoat said that Gen. Am lonterey ant Of Gomes Parlor se militant churel ee men Farias. The cbure! 4 | well knows how to defend its privilvges, has triumphed, } “Gun. Paredes has open! jounced, at Tulaneingo, | in favor of the plan of Sy In bis pronunciamento movement, he was seconded by the thed forth in every paragraph of these rit of war apd pag Sovis; hy tred to The Mexicans. } | end monarchi divided ceuncils, ) et evince no desire nor tendency tever to peses or conciliation. fs still ut Queretaro—a averes wi ‘The Mexlean Congress ) of 76 members has, it is said, been at last con’ This body is about to remove to the city of Morelia, (the | Old Valladolid.) in ordur to get rid of the military, by | whore presence in Queretaro it is entirely overawed in the free Cope of its fanctions. : + Gen. Rea is Sante Anna, who is now in Orizaba ‘with s brigade at his command. It is reported that the next train proceeding hence to the city. will be again attacked on the send by the combined of these Generals. The result you may cenjecture—the flight and diepersion of the Mexicans. mente has left San.Luis Potosi for Quareta- nwral has, according to the Mexican papers, at bis dieposal a force of about five thousand m Citr or Mexico, Nov 1, 1847. To-dsy the train left. It consisted of about 4(0 govern- mrat wagons, 100 on private account, and a mule train of anoat 600 head, also on private account—many mer- ebants availing themselves of the opportunity to brit ‘up a emall stock of goods for the Christmas holidays understand ft is the intention of the Genersl-in-Chief to establish @ semi-montbly communication with the const, as soon as the reinforcements shall arrive. This ‘will give a great stimulus to the business of the eountry, — materially imorease the receipts of the custom- use. With the train went the elok and wounded of tho army, and some others who were ordered out of the evuntry on recruiting and other serviee. Their tion from those remaining, recalled vividly to many reminiscences of the past, and their parting “good bye’? was one of no ordinary cbaracter, amd. not likely to be forgotten by either. It wasa re of soldiers— of soldiers who, side by side, had endured the fatigues and exposures of s long aud laborious march--who, side dy side, had crossed t! Des ie | ote and the deep “"paranca”—who, side by side, had waded the dense marshes abd olimbed oraggy heighte—and who, shoulder to shoulder, had mvt the enemy's massive hosts, in the proud array Ce yiend ateel—who, shoul- der to shoulder, had bared their breasts to the dead! fico of the enemy's deep-toned artillery—and who. ‘shoul. der to shoulder, sealed the enemy’s well constructed forts, end planted the stars and stripes on their ramparts in glorious triumph, maintaining the nation’s honor, ‘ane exulting the nation’s pride: is bere are byiaed which evel not away, nd names must ni er, sh the earth Forgets her empires with e just “decay.” On the separation, we heard not the empty words, “Farewell,” A dea,” but the good, old-fashioned ones, fail of me@uing, * Good bye—Goa bless you!” and so af. on the ogeasion, that had we not id hardly believe that these were the short time since, had bearded the foe” to Bi where Pence, happiness and prosperity reign supreme; where they will be met by the approving smiles and eongratu- lations of a grateful people, capable of appreciating their valor and their patriotism; where they will be met by warm hearted acquaintances and kind friends, ready to bestow upon them the high honors they have won upon MAldhough a gallant band hae Toft Although a ant Us, Many of whom will never be able to enter “ tented Geld,” there are “ a few more left,” with the General of the age at their head; upou whom the important duty of eiosing the brilliant scenes already opened to enchanting view, and of pete ee our Eagles from whence the; eame, uneullied in and unstained in thet resting-place. If the past Is any uty for the future, the country ean well confide im the hunds to whioh they have commit this sscred charge, aud believe that whatever foe they mest, or whatever di Mfculties may present themscives, they will all be surmounted. REPORTED ESCAPE OF SANTA ANNA. By an arrival from Tawpico yesterdsy we learn ver- belly that Sante Anne has escaped from Mexieo, It ap- pears, the information which we obtained that he ‘was svorvted at the is!aud of Lobos, and that the British steamship Forth. aware of his place of conecalment, * lay off and on,” awaiting to receive him on beard By me@as of un open boat he is said to have succeeded in reaching the Forth, aud in her proceeded to Havana, where be is supposed to have landed.—Daily Orienian, Nov. 23. MEXICAN AFFAIRS. (From the Wasbington Union. Deo. 3.] ey, masees of documents have been received at the ‘War Department, containing returns from the various bureaus of the army; but no despatches from General poor Dap a duplicate of his last letter of the 27th of jetober. A letter has been received in Washington, by the last arrival at New Orleans, from Vera Cruz, dated N ° ber 17 It contains few particulars of interest. It that now the road is being opened, the for which have been imported into that port locked up for six months, will find their way into the interior; that fresh orders have been sent our for hvavy importations from Kurope, but as zt there had been only one arrival (the French bark Fvliz) trom Europe; and that the uv for the next six months will be of no inconside- Table amount. 1t states. as the writer’s impressivn, that the better portion of the Mexicans are so much better Sutiofied with our government than their own. that they are not very stronyly disposed for peace, and that they would prefer to be “sheltered under the wingjof the Ame- Flown eagle’ [tis estimated that there were at the date Of the letter about 4 000 troops at Vera Crus, indepen- dent of taose which had gone up with General Patter- son Thus it appears that there is every prospect of the roads continuing open so as to permit the interior to be faruished with goeds both from the United ites and Europe; thus bringing into our military ch h some revenue from the duties on importation, GEN. TAYLOR. ‘We learn, from au intimate aed moar relative of G Taylor's, that ‘Old Zach,” of Monterey and B Visia memery. may be expected here to-day or to-mo: row There wil be some guos fired. and some bells rung when the old Chieftain arrives in Orirans. ected, on the 18th Battalion of mounted Detta, Nov, 25 THE HERORS OF THE WAR. Our citizens assembled in an immense crowd last even ing. in frout of the St Charles Hotel, (ladies’ entrance.) wich « band of music‘at their head, and gave a serenade to the distinguished officers lately arrived here on the Ala’ bama. from the seatof war All our national airs were played io fine style, amid vociferous obeers for Generals Quitman and Shields. and Col. Harney.in whose parti- oular honor the compliment was pai: citizens, and showed themselves on the balcony. being respectively designated by felend who stood nevr. A simultaneous panton in arms, General Shields, for inyseif, and for our gallant army vow on the plains of Mexico, I return you most grateful nnd heurtfelt thanks for this spontaneous daret of wnthusiastio patriotism |’ Three cheers were than given succcestvely for Gonerals Quitman, Shields, ‘Taylor, and Sovtt, and Colonel Harney. Tho gallant aod Xcoomplished Colonel was unfortunately absent from the hotel,on tae occasion, and the fact was duly announced fro the balcony by one of his friends Heaitb, worldly joy, and oternal honor be the meed of these gallont mon.—New Orieane Commercial Times, Nov, % Att azvanit upon Chapultepec heights, the com- ® storming party of regulars, devo! upon nd in that hotly contested passage of arun, elt 80 bravely as to win particular notice, generally cor.ceded that the Mexicans at no more determined stand thao at Chavulte- proach bryood tl point to the eity. men, at this scene of carnage, met @ and died amid the orash of arms Capt. peo, and the some of our soldier's fat Casey, the superior in command ‘0 Capt Paul, bad fallen; ff yot right om, amid the terrible fire of the enemy's bat- tories, this guliant son of St. Louis led the stern and uniliinohing eye 7)! Party, uotil the entrenchments ‘Were oaptured, and the guus of the enemy were pointed sgainst their retreating columns. Capt P. isa son ot Rene Paul, Leq, one Out oldest citizess le has borne his part, with the invinoible 7th infantry, in every aotion of note since the commencement of the war, and a share of Slory won by that brave regiment, is of course his due; at this particular re fortune favored h! with @ separate command, and he proved himself equ to the mont trying and desperate position. With Quit- man's brave division, after desperate fighting, he had the honor of being among thi Americans to onter the far famed “ Halls.”—S¢. Louie Reveiile, 23d Nev INCIDENTS OF THE WAR. Some of the greasers about the city have of imposiog upon uususpecting Americans, us, ye terday rey of them spproached an American gentleman with dollar gold piece, or half eagle, and asked for the silv: He reevived five dollars, and not satisfied with this, de alfa dollar more, The American not relishing this shave, handed back the baif eagle, and PUEBLA DE LOS ANGELOS, ree Wh At TAN ? G, DECEMBER 5, 1847. THE NEW YORK HERALD. NEW YORK, SUNDAY MORNIN IN MEXICO. A MAT VIEW FROM THE SOUTH-BAST. reoelved his five dollars in silver again. Not his five, however, for he soon after discovered that the rascal had returned five counterfeit dollars. We have noticed quite a number of such persons lately, with five doller gold pieces between their fingers, asking for silver in change. Look out for the villains.—.mericen Star, Vere Crus, Nov. 7th. ARMY INTELLIGENCE. The steamer Fashion, commanded by Capt. D. B. Mor- gan, will leave the United States barracks this morning, at 0 o’elock, with the following pamengers and troops for Brazos St. Ji Tampico and Vera Cruz. For the Brasos—Mrv. Maj. Anderson and family; Mrs. Susen H. Parker; Lieuts. Pinder and Singleday, North Carolina volunteers; Frederick Peck; Robert Forsyth; Dr. R. W. Macl ninety men. For Tampico—Mrs. Larned; Mrs. Mejor Dashiell, United States Army ; Capt: Morrie, of the 4th infantry. For Vera Cruz—Lier Col. Seymour, Georgia batintion; Aasistant Surgeon K. Kane, U. 8. N.; Elijah Haskell. U.S N.; Lieut Por- ter, Tennessee volunteers; Mr. Evertson; V. W. Roth, for remains of Lieut. Goodman;) J.P. Reid and J. B awler, sutle: detachment of 16th infantry, under command of it. Harris, U. 8. A.; and also Captain Thomas A Rowley’s company of Pennsylvania voiun- — being pert of the battalion of Lieut. Col. Geo. W. Hughes—one hundred, officers and men. Also, a num- ber of public herses, teamsters aud quartermuster's stores.—N.-O. Vel a, Nov. 24. The steamer Diadem brought down Capt. Rowley; Lieute. MeClony, Scott and MoLeanc, and 76 men, be- longing to Col. Hughes's regiment of Penusylvania vol- Sn and Lieut. E. G. Covell, U. 8. N.—N. O. Delta, The brig Trojen, Capt. Wild, chartered by the govern- ment to carry horses and army stores to Vera Cruz, will acil to-day. or ag soon as the weather will permit. The ship Napier. Capt. Sandford, and brig Othello, Capt. Darrington. have been rechartered, and will shortly be eres d with reeryits for the army.— Baltimore Put- riot, adi We learn from Capt Harris, iu charge of a detach- ment of the 16th Infantry, that, in derounding the river in the steamboat Gladiator, from th-.recruitiog station at Newport, xy pase John Gals was missing, a short way brlow Vicksburg It was thought he fell over- board and was drowned. -He was a native of Alabama, where bis family are highly respected.—Cincinne’t Chronicle, Nov. 24 Miscellaneous, During the third week in November, about 40 000 Ibe. of, copper ore, of superior quality, from Polk county, Tennsesee, passed through Charleston, South Carclina, On its way to Boston, where it wan to be smelted. This ore. together with large quantity cf pig iron and lime, came over the Gvorgia and South Carolina Railroad. More coming. The house of Mr. Stein, at Spring Hill, near Mobile, Ala., wan destroyed by fire on the 18th ult., and books, Papers and maps te the estimated value of from $15,000 to $20,000, were consumed. John Fink sod wife, who wore burned to death on the Phoeadx, were residents of Syracuse. Ambros.. Dunbar, § ane barber, formerly of the same place, is among @ lost. Gen. H. S. {Sprigg died at bis rosidenos, on Bayou on the 10th of Nov, id 6+ Robert, He was for- ly employed on years. and made a Commander during Mr Jefferson’s admiuistration The corner stone of a new synagogue was laid in Albany on Wedoweday afternoon, There aro thirty-nine savings banks in Massachusetts. A farmer of St. Albans, Vermont. recently made a id entreo into that place, mounted on # small car m by four large hogs Ho entered the town at a brisk trot, smidst the acclamation of hundreds, who re soon drawn together to witness this uncommon spectacle Alter making the tour of the market place three or fur times, he went into the wool-pack yard, had bia awioich cattle unharnessed and taken into a sta: ble together. where they were regaled with » trough full of beans and wash. They remained about two hours, while he dispatched bis business as usual at the market, when they were put to and driven home again, multi. tudes cheering him. This man, it js said, has only had these animals under training six months. A gentle- man on the spot offered him $240 for che concern as it stood, but wes indignantly refused—Niw Londan News, We yesterday saw a letter from a distinguished phyei- eisn in London, to snotber in this city, in which the writer alluded to on ‘f bis putients, «indy of 35, who had had 32 children at 13 births, namely— 4 twice, 3 white the most of the others were twins. This beats th- cuso of the German mother who had 32 daughters at 16 birchs The new ship Crusader, which cleared to day for Val- peraiso, has on board two thousand bales sud seven hun- dred wad twenty four boxes domestics, valued at $133,- orton Traveller. 2d inst. More than fifty versels bave been Inunched at Thom- ‘aston, Maine, during the past season Anxcvote or tug Pore —In 1824, the Abbot Mastai Ferretti, the present Pope, was attached to the minsions of South America, Ono day, on going from paraiso to Lima, in a Chilian sloop, he met with ® terrible storm: The veseel running towards some Teef, was neatly wrecksd, when sho was boarded by o small boat, in which were five negroes. The boatswain of the boat went on board of the sloop and asked per- mission of the captain to take the pilot's placs. After great diffloulties, he made the sloop enter the small port of Arioa, on the south coast of America. Abbot Ferret: ti inquired hia Mberator’s mame. He wana poor ne: named Bako. The mext day the missionary visited the hat of the negro, and gave him » purse contalaln; four hundred dollars Recently, ater having been name: Pope, tho ebief supreme of the ehurch remembered Bako, and throuch the intermediation of ths obief of ions, sent hit his own portrait and another sum of ey, equal to thofirst. But, since 1824, the situa- tion of each of these persons had much changed; Bako was an energetic and industrious man, and with the gift of the Abbot, Mustai Ferretti, spvculated in raltpetre, whioh is fouad in such quantities at Aries [le is now arich snd s maguificont mansion js built on the spot wi his humble hut was. Full of gratitude for I souvenir of holy Pam he has boilt, on the tate, & Chapel, in which he has placed the venerated image of the pontiff 4 Tae Laer or tae SeMinoes. d a young Indian have b hbcurhood of Choet: . 's Bay ever siueo the ry of the Seminole war. At frat, the ity consisted of four er five. They esoaped the vigi- janes of thore employed in ferreting. them out in 1686, and ba ver since found adequate protection in the desert swamps and unfrequented shores acove named. * Old Joo” has fought his lest ight, and is dead, and the boy alone survives. 9 time go Mr. Micajah King was bunting in the neighborhoud St Andrews, and met with “ Old Joe” and the young Indian. He had to run; the Indians fired at him, and the ball struck his pack. He also fired, but missed. The Indians flashed at him several tim and efcer ranning some two miles, he went into a poed in order to avoid them Jos followed, and King stopped and drew his bowie knifo.and at the seoond biow gave him « desth wouud, then — to the young Indian, who wes rapidly approaching, but instead of coming to his assistancy, fled Joe stagg-red some hun- dred yards,and died.— Pensacola Gazetie, Nov. 20, 7 THREE SEVERAL PLANS FOR THE PACIFICATION OF MEXICO, No. I. (From the Courter and Enquirer.) Now with these historical facts before us, what is the duty of our government? First, unquestionably, to give to California and New Mexioo their independence under the protection of the United States, upon such conditions as our government may deem admissible. including ultimate, not present, annexation to our Union. Second, to say to Yucatan, Tabasco and Chiapas, it is our right to remain independent or re-unite yourselves (0 Mexico ; and, Third, to to Mexico and the other States of the con- foderacy—“ There is your constitution of 18: to elect your President and organize they goverom We guaranty it to you and to the civilized world; wein your capi- to be supported by you, and whose duty it shull be, to pretect you from you selves, and secure not only the stability of your govern- ment, but to protect and render secure ths persons and properties of all foreigners who may reside in Mexico.’’ ‘This is our propos! say, it is the duty of ourcountry todo. This much we owe to ourselves, to our position in regard to this continent, and to the na- tons of the olvillasd world . 4 this question months ago, would ut now, events are ripening and the time for action has arrived. We would not annex Call- fornia and New Mexico now; but we would giv the independence they desire, and to which they have been justly entitled since the constitution of 1824 was trampled under foot, and the conditions of their union with Mexico violated. Since then, they have been co- erced into suimission to Mexioo at times; but as we all know, for the greater part of the time, have asserted and maintained their indepeadence. We would also stipa- late with them for annexation at s future day whenever thelr people desire it, which would be as soon as our countrymen predominated in their councils. “The advantages of the movemeut we propose are nu- merous. It would at once supersede all negotiations for peace, and all questions in regard to ths ratification of & treaty by our Senate. Genvral Soott haring arrived in Mexico, need only issue his proclamation re-sstab- lishing the constituiioa of 1824 for all the States except Culiiornia and New Mexico. and order the election of a Congress, President, and Vice President, under that constitution, and all would be settled ; for, beyond all doubt, the psople of Mextoo are attached to the consti- tution of 1924, and tothe peace and good order it would secure to tuem when gu: tied by our government. In jnety days the President aud Vice President would be installed in office, and « tederal congress, constitution- y elected, be in session in the elty of Mexico, Peace 4 quiet would reign throughout the length aod breadth of the land; our army of occu; ion would be looked upon as deliverers instead of eoemies ; the im- mense resources of the republic would bs in process cf dsvelopment ; schools would be established-—education flourish —the religious and political rights of all bw pro- tected —and the whole civilized world would approve our muderation aad cur justice. Thus would the existing ‘war prove the greatest blessing which could have been bestowed upon Mexico; and our sister republic be re- deemed from the curse of misrule by unprincipled dema- gogues, and gradually, but certainly. be vilevated to » high place in the scale of nations. What says Mr. Polk to all thi guThese suggestions are. of courre, crude and not pro- perly digested, Time and grest events have, too altered somewhat, the position of things. But considering the difficulties whieh the Wiimot Proviso has thrown around the question of annexiag foreign territory, the universal desire of the country for peace, and the general wish f r the acquisition, sooner or later, of California and New Mexico, in both of which there are not fifty thousand Mexicans, is it not possible by some such mode, to put a0 end et once to the war and the expenditure of life and treasure it involves? Cannot the great and patriotic men of both parties in Congress, find in some such scheme a eommon ground upon which to unite for the benefit of our country of Mexico, and of the civilized world? For twenty years Mexico hes been no better than a nest of pirates, among whom the property and persons of foreiguers bave been unsafe, at the same time that she has been recoguized and represented ut all the civilized courts of the world, a6 @ responsible nation, Revoiution has folio volution iu quick succession. Her military chirft have violated the rights of foreigners residing within her borders, and trampled upon the quiet and peuceful of her own oitixens; and yet we have virtuslly said to Europe— Hands off: we are the nation of North America, and will not permit your interferance. No monarchy shall be established in our neighborhood.” If we will not permit others to compel her to conduct herself as beccmes a civilized naton, it becomes our = to do it; and from this obligation we may not shrink. Itisin evidence, too, that at this very time, the peace party in Mexico—the quiet, order-loving among her people—avow their fears that if = peace be negotiated, aud our army withdrawn, they will again become the prey ot the horde of reckless, worthless, mill- tary chivttains, whose only means of living has been, and is, the negessity for their servi wing out of disturbances eroated by themselves ‘hese vampires are now dispersed; aod if wo will re-establish in Mexico the government of 1924, and leave ten thousand of our troops im her capital, and half the number at Vera Crus and the Intermediate eities.to protect it, she can well af- ford to pay the expense of such army,in co} eration of the pesoe and prorperity it wouldgueranty to her. Such « course of proceeding would give peace quiet perity to Mexico, und at once tern th warr, and the expenditures mding it. No. If, For the Herald. WHAT OUGRT WE TO DO WITH MEXICO? We have frequently, of late, put the questioan done with Mexico? What shall we do wit . important questions. but it ai reflect upon the subject, that tie most important quescion at issue in thie great affair, is, rather, “what to do with Mexico!” First, lt ua, iu the apirit of philauthropy and wise policy, ascertain what we ought to do, and then, bavin marked out our couse, let us pursue it undiamaye by foreign diplomacy, or threatening notes and proto- cols, aud equally undeterred by domestic faction or fa- naticlsm, 1'o the point, then—-what ought we to do— what is it cur duty to do, with Mexico? We will first answer the question without elroumlooutions and then give « few of the reasons which convince us that our anower {6 the correct anaweryand by which we think every impartial reasoner will al% be convineed, that our answer to this question is the only just and correct answer which it is capabie of receiving. We say, then, in anewer to this great and now national absorbing guestion, that we ought to hold, re- 4 occupy Mexico, a8 wo now hold it, and yet ompletely, This is what we ought to do--this is morally and politically our auty. The following are some of the reasons which make this to be our duty; we give them briefly, but they admit of much ampli fication, and deserve continued aud serious consideration : ~ Firat, ‘we oughtito do this for the sake of Mexico herself, for her own benefit and advantage Mexico is likes ni roductive estate. in the hands of prodigal or spendtbrifc—or even lunatic, ‘The fair estate is going to ruin, and must be put into the hands of guardians, to be nursed, farmed, and recuperated. We are the most natural guardians by propinquity, and we may now say by providenes. The retaining posseasion of the ocuntry, for the preavut, at least, is a olemn duty imposed upon us. If we finch from our duty, other, and more remote wers, having no American sympathies, no republican Foallog’ will ee upen the estate, cons'itute themselves its guardians. and, after a while, having wasted and lowed up the property, will proceed to disturd and annoy us, their thbors, (and we shall deserve it,) for our neglect and want of forethought. ‘Iho goed, peace, order, happiness and well-beirg—nay, the very existence of make this occupation. and retention of the country to bea duty to us, and require it from us. We ought not—it would be crimipal—to abandon them in the position they have so long been in, without order or government. We ought not to leave and forsake them, like a ship at sea, in the power of » mutinous crew, sub- ject to rapid suc ons of drunken captams and mates, ‘who, if ‘left to themeelves, wili destroy the cargo, buteher one another, and run the ship upon the rock For the last twenty years, Mexico has been in a of anarchy—e prey to despicable and little factio succestve spoil of ambitious, incompetent militery cbief- tains. She has been without a government ; her people have been trodden under foot, and may be said to have suffered greater evils from internal diso;der aud misrule, than any country ever suffered from the temporary ravages of war, plague, or famine. It would, therefore, be s mercy to ber and her people to govern them well, as our generals now sre doing. It would be a kindness—an ineppreciable blessing, to them. It would secure tranquillity to the peopl ‘and open the long clowed or obstructed channels of national and individual wealth and industry. onght, therefore, to our hold of the country, and, we repeat it, to do ao is our duty, morally considered. We ought to retain posse: sion, thet we may suppress and keep down the turbu- lent’ army and ehiettaius which he upon her vitals, exhausted her resour: ra, people, impoverished her treasury, and enslaved her ulation. It js @ duty which is imposed upon us. ‘bus far we bhve stated but one roason. There are others, which, for the present, we will only refor to sum- marily. These are the following ‘We ought to keep outersion, not only for her own good, as shown above, Bat also for our own sakes, and for the sake and safety of our republican institutions This isa second ren- son A third reason is, we ought to do it for the sake of humanity snd civilization. A fourth reason is, we ought to do it, beonune, if we do not, others will Each of these reasons admits of demonstrations, but the senate of this article admonishes us to pause for the present. = No. Ili. For the Herald. THE FUTURS® GOVERNMENT OF MEXICO. Among the fallacies of the day, we often hear it des- canted on, as. goodly prospect for Mexioo, that in tue event of couquest, we are speedily to indoctrinate her prople in the ‘great and glorious oraoy.”? ness, rinciples of demo- Now this appears like killing them with kind- hen we recollect that those same principles, great jous as the; 0 us, have already been per- them. An article translated from the Heraldo de Madrid, which appeared in some of ovr papers montbs ago, in speaking of the calamiti Very wisely observes: Behold in all this choosing & form of government for which people were not fitted, and of imitating the instituttons of an- ther nation entirely opposite to her in character and acity.”’ Who can doubt the truth of this, when he remembers that M: most execrable, colo- nial system whic , war tranquil, compara- tively prosperous, andin reality far happier that she has ever been since Had she uaderstood the real degred of her people's capacity for self government, independence might have elevated her moral and social condition, in- stead of depressing it Of ali the liberated colonies on this continent, only two, since attaining to nationality, have advanced—the United States and Brazil All the rest have retrograded. Those two owe their success to the same cause—not to their both choosing the eame form of government, but to the adoption by each of that best suited to its condition. Had their selection been reversed, it would have been even more disestrous for Brazil than for us; we might have prospered, to a cer- tain degree, asa monarchy; but to uo degree could sho have doue #0 a8 & republic on the samo plan as ours. 1 do not positively inter from this that Mexico could heretofore have thrived only uader a monarchy; but | firmly believe that system to be better for hor than any she has had sin independenos, and that, in advo- cating it, robably seeking to do better for his couatry than avy of his compa riots. 1 am convinced too, that if eho could thrive under any other while ind pendent, it must be one much nearer to monarchy the government she modelled after ours, and that, 10 be well governed by us, it must be done ins manner more akin to vice-royalty than any of our territories have ever been subjected ti If the course of its should require us to rule over Mexico, our folly would be still greater thi hers, if, after the example of error she h shown, we should choose as badly for her as sho did for herreif, ‘fhe only kind of government under which, as @ dependency of ours, she could steadily im- prove, and, eventually beoome fit for a better, would be one with the strongest deputed powers and the slightest popular checks which our constitution would allow; one whose executive aud administrative branches, under strict aceountability, and with stronger checks trom above than below, would possess all the energy nvedful to enforce order and punish corruption, and leave to the representatives of » limited constituency such legisia- tive functions as might carry out the wishes of their tlectors only so far as would te compatible with their own good and tho interests of the general government. The only democratic principles to be inculoated im the beginning are the same which ought to bave been preached by the founders of the Mexioan republic: that her people have not the requisite 4 tion nor capacity either to devise measures that will nefit them or to choose those who could do it for them; aud that even the classes more enlightened, and more fa ont 4 interested in the preservation rder and ste- bility, have need of jesome restrictions in the ex- ercise of republican functions. TI overnment of colonic: hes sometimes been bi nign and paternal, with bat a moderat« infusion of de- mocracy; and the colonial syatems of different European mations might afford us useful hints for the administrg- tion e referred to, while the character of t) people and of own {natitutions would modifications we ought to ke adoptin, 1 policy of others. On this plan t give to that uahappy republic all the benefit which strong aad well-regulated suthorivy would cor od without abuses. + When Gen. T'acon converted the {siand he o- verned from « den of robbery, piracy and murdes, tuto an orderly and law-abiding community, he did not begin by preaching the great and glorious principles of democracy ; aor would he have done it had ble disvretion- ary powers 90 allowed, for he knew what kind of people he had to deal with. and what means of reformation would be effective, Should Paredes succeed in his de- tigos, he could not do betier than offer the jeorsy dia- dem of Mexico to the Alfrec of Cubs; and if we should need « territorial governor for t at country, | trust it may be some American, who, in wnergy and wisdom, will equal the great Spani: hough Mexico might, perhaps, once have done well on the piaa of « strong consolidated republic, I belie that possibility is now past, at least for this apeand to hor only refage from wasting suarony ‘s oither a depen- dency or monarchy. Unfortunately, she is as yet equaily ‘one who compassionates her Hon ought to desire that, by any justifial @ god-send or the other might reach her. not give her the first, | am perfectly willing she should find the other herself; for! am not #0 awi ton mery name, that { would prevent men from comfortable subjects, only to make them tniseral isons; it would be acting the dog im the manger on an averse to both; but au: cor iL . > Shs p Zeer extensive scale, if, while we withhold from her one asy- lum, we prohibit her from voluntarily seeking the other. Persons of opposite parties will no doubt see much treason in viows like these. Of all the varieties of bi- gotry none is more unreasonable than that of the poli- tician, who would allow to no country any other governa- ment than one like his own; and be is equally blind who refuses to foresee and provide for changes in the policy and spirit ofhis own, which time and events are so sure to produce. Those who least desire our eonquest of Mexico, must own that the force of ciroumst bring it about; snd, 80 long as there is any like! this, why should we not admit the fact, ro obvious to all, that though we ought not to her people as ‘Yasrals, we cannot govern them as countrymen or as democrats, nor allow thom the same portion of self go- vornment that every section of our country enjeya? I desire that our institutions, in spirit as weil asin form, should coatinue us tausy have been; but if we assume the attitude of a conqueror, or continue to take more and more the character of aspreading people, we muat expect these insti‘utions to undergo changes of tone and bearing, if not of fuature, If thuy be affected by eur acquiring realms to be held ‘n a state of inferiorit: at more would they bo altered by admitting those depen- dencies to an equality they could not ntain 1 do not know that we have need of ies, which, on the European plan,might be named old and young Ame- riea—one cliuging to the past, and the other running mad with feelings of the day; but | think it probable that time may have in store changes for us; and for this continent, that give need for another party, looking to, and providing for the future PROSPECTIVE AMERICA, Wii there be Peace with Mexico? (From the Loudon News, Oot. 25 } The United States General has at length, with much daring, gallantry, and with the sacrifice of no inconsi- derable portion of bis troops and offivers, overeome the forts and armios which barred his entrance to Mexico, and has succesfully established his footing in thet capi- tal. The Mexicaos, as long as they were protected by walls, and had ammunition to ply cannon, fou.ht with Spanish obstioacy ; but it also appears that they durat not await their foes in the open field, or even make resistance hand to hand. when the Americans came s0 close as to scale their parapets. We are now mado _ fully acquainte@ with the terms on which eaoh party is willing to make peace. The demand of America is Deoo: to the proud rival of Al me eMs) nee of having nie shadow would be satisfied with what it has these evils would be less lamentable; of these eonquests is well marked. we of the new world cannot with trang —_ a ot: resting on her actual possessions, pices el some day from her inexplicable letbargy, either carry into effect the idea of s monarchy, claring herself the free protectress of her ye iu their present condition as t although this umeertain and oars cna, senens lace herd in our pearing ranged under the ‘And if the covetousness. of the Miut the tetdeney those seas sing t where a ease, and eotge within her sisterly embrace, and shut off from the these immense markets for its industry and eom- mores, and interesting investigation. It is on this socount, the United States carries on beforeband their plan of absorption; on this account will not desist until all these fractions of form one sole one under their name, laws, flag; for’ then, Cuba and Porto Rico theirs, and that which Russia pretends to do im Black Sea the American Union seeks to do on the Atlan- tic, which they would convert into an immense lake, under their exclusive monopoly and arbitrary % In thelr badly arranged political calculations, however, that which they think will contribute to their aggran- disement will debilitate and epfeeble them Theannex- ation of Texas, and that of Mexico, if this happens, KA ‘tending their territory, weakens the action of the! eri sal debt, when, upto the present time, she bas been free of such incumbrances. Add to this the materiel lost in the war, which is by mo means finished as yet, but will continue in its most destructive form, vis: by guerrilla parties, ambushes, &o, Both acts will also in- crease the already immense number of enemies which the United States have, from their preponderating weight and power, presenting an casy mode of access, and sure instruments for intrigue and dieunion to obtain pertizans. Moreover, through these they will never obtain moral weight in the conquered coun- tries.and will go on losing it also in their own; and lastly, both acts serve as a lesson to the other independent re- publics, who, for their own security, will unite the common enemy to defend their nationality; so that our possessions wil! be far from being an ‘aid to the co- Jossai usurper. And here there is a new and favorable occasion for Spain to be of service to her former children, and offer- ing them her protection, thus ining for herself the commercial sdvantages of all kinds, which are the ob- Ject of the greedy appetite of the North Americans. In f. vor, then, of unfortunat lexico, if there be yet time, avd in favor of all thi rritories which were Sime our colonies, it is absolutely somethi set on foot—that we should make use of our vanteges: and that, both for her own interest and de- corum’s sake, no other influence should be tolerated im those territories save that of the 8; Ing should be done—that negotiations should be former NaviGaTION oy Tax Pgnonscot River aBove Tipe Watkr.—No iis interest was telt last spring on account of the experiment of na ing the Upper wacers of the Penobscot by steam. ‘We bed the pleasure of being one of the party on the first experi- mental trip, made last spring, Oldtowa to the mouth of the Piscataquis river. That trip satisfied us ef the practicability of navigating the Penobscot of the year by steam between those points This boat has been running the whole season, with the exeepticn of a few weeks daring the drought of summer, between Oldtown aod Piscataquis talls We now learn that on Fridey last, the pal ia of the boat resolved uw ascending the, P: quis Falls. She started from Old- town at s quarter past 8 o’clock and arrived at the Pis- cataquis Falls The noble Penobscot here, in two pitoh- es, rushes over a fall of sixteen fest. The boat was put upon her course and these falls were cessfully en- countered and the ascent of tne quick a1 from the mouth of the Piscataquus to falls, @ distance of two miles, was made in twent; nutes, or at the fate of six miles an boar. All the | ties of the navigation were overcome and the boat ar- rived at Wattawamkeag Point and tied up tothe Mili- tary Bridge before 6 o'clock P- M, Lavan made ten landings Oldtewn and the Poiat, two of which wi nearly an hour — The next morning, 27th. a quantity of castings and irons for Cushman & Haylord’s mils at Nieketou, and Other freight, waa taken on board, the steamer was cast off from the bridge, and started tor the head waters of the Penobscot. She successfully encountered the wild and rapid waters of Mataseunk Rips, Salmon Stream Falla, snd Jow Merry’s Rips, and acrived at Nicketou, a dis- tance of 14 miles, in two and @ quarter hours. Having discharged ber freight at the mili dam, and made her turn in the eddy of the waters of the east and west | branch, under the bluff of Nicketou Isiand, she left for Otdcown at 44 after re she arrived at < before & simply the cession of all the northern part of Mexico, from the 32d to the 424 degree of latitude, with Lower California, including the whole of New Mexioo and Santa Fe.’ The Mexicans refuse this, but offer all the territory between the 37th andthe 42d degree, half, in fact, of the American demand. Me: Fe and Lower California, as well to the Americans the important district, whioh they so mueh covet, of San Francisco. Moreover, the to cede the territory between the Rio B: Nueces, which wag the principal oause of the war. As this territory is really of little importanos, Mr Trist asked for an interval to get instractions respecting It, when the negotiations were broken off by militury im- patience. There is thing very rumsrkable ia the offer of the Mexicans; and this i formlty to the desires of the American whlg party, as promulgated in the important speech of Mr. Wi ster, recently delivered. in that speech Mr. Webster @onounces the certainty of a whig majority in the House of Roprosentatives, aad be chalks out th be pursued by that majority. Itiy to grant means for carrying on the war to the procuring of certain condi- Monterey, but ceding co retaining Santa | tions, this very bay, port and territory of San Francisco | Duing the principal one. But the whigs want no more, and they will treat Mr. Polk, sovording to Mr Webster, ua President Madison was treated by the whigs many years past. He was supported in the war agains: Eng- land, until England would submit to certain conditions, but he was given to understand that he would not be supported in Cemanding more. And on this Mr Madi- son made peace. The intention seems to be now for the whigs tu approve of the Mexican offers as sufficient, and as getting rid of the quarrel which must arise, wore New Mexico to be annexed. like Texas, with the probability of its being ® new slave-holding group of States, It would, therefore, appear that if tha Mexicans hold out, and, unawed, even by the capture of their ca- pital, coutious the war, refusing to conclude peace on terms more onerous than cediog from the 37th degree of latitude, the Mexicans will, ina few weeks. find support ia the Amerio n Congress itself, which will have to de- cide upon fresh efforts, armaments and expeoses, or the acceptance of Santa An offers, Much reference hus been made to the intervention of the British envoy. urely cannot couosel Mexico tosurrender all and Sante Fe, with ten degrees of latitude meantime, the government organs of Washing- ton are full of rage and fury ut the obstaclesin the way of thetr designs. They press for reinforcements and strenuous miliiary efforts, and recommend that the army should live at free quarters in the Mexican vil- ages, and thus puoish that froward people for their ob- stinacy. Military reinforcements and efforts do, indeed, Appem® most necessary; but us to plundering the Mexi- can peasant, this would soon tell most prejudicially to the interests of General Scott, who, indeed, has wisely exerted himself to prevent such excesses, The Annexatien of Mexico, Ina Spanigh point of view. (From the Madrid Herald, October 11 J ‘The ocourrences now happening In the distracte public of Mexico, unfortunately corroborate the predictions whioh were made but 4 short time ago, when stating that the only remedy which could possibly be applied in the precarious condition of that country was the establishment ef there of a monaroby,to be controil- 64 by & Spanish prince. The colossus which threaten- od it, is now consummating his work, though not with- out encountering rude shooks and bloody lossen; bis complete triumph, however, is no looger doupdtful; in the end the ancient kingdom of Montesuma will succumb, and Mexican nationality will disappear trom the politt- ore ombud affairs have arrived at this extremity, had the Mexicans comprebendiag their true interests, flown to thy acme of their former rulers (Spain,) and placed themavires under the cover of their friendly protection? v ply not. Coral tfae one feat of arms after another is placing the most important towns,in Mexico under the domini of the North American army, aud yet forall this the States have no cause for self congratulation in t! tories, For though it imay be true that they are ad ja the conqaest, this latter affair is by no means #0 easy an at first it might appear, Those who formerly yielded their positions, without resistance even, now defend themselves aad fight ferociously. A whole people is not 80 oasil tion be blotted from the world. by two or th The proud and powerfal federal republic will triumph, no doubt, over the disjointed aud barrassed Mexican ra- tion, if not by the force of arms, then by protocols. Bat we repent it. apart from the vain glory of ratisfed pride, the annexation of this new State to (hose now compos- ing the Union, will be much more prejudicial than use- ful to this latter, ‘The territory of the United States is siready too ex- tensive for this new addition to be any more than an in- cubus to the government; and all probabilities will have to prove deceptive, or the issue will have to undergo « new analysis—that this powerful repuviie will divide it- sel. inthe endinto many others, without the orginal mother country being abie to prevent this inevitable dis- memberment,whieh time will bring im its train, And if to bis local reason we add the natural antipa- thy which must neowssarily exist between conquerors and conquered, the different habits, language, religion and cusvoms, it isnot to be doubted ithe North P.M., in time for th ing train of cars. Her down- ward trip was performed ia 6% hours, including stop- pages; her ruoning time down was just 4 hours and 68 minw The whole distance from Nicketou is 65 miles; she made # fraction over 13 mives per hour. This expedition has determin-d the proprietors to put s boat | Upon the river in the spring, above P ais Falls, | aud to establish @ line of steamboat commun! be- tween Oldtown und Mattawemkeag point will be | subject for the present toa,portage around Piseatequis Falls, and to occasional interruptions in the extreme drouth, but long before the time limited in their charter aball have expired, they confidently believe they will have an uninterrupted line of steamboat communica- | tion established between these two points, and will per- form occasional trips to the Nicketou and some miles the east branch, to accommodate lumbermen, Whig, Dec. 1, Bang Dianouicar, Connvct or a Huspanp.—For some years, says the Hempstead Inquirer, of the 27th inst, “there has resided at Near Rookaway, a lady, her son and daughter, their board being ren by the husband of the lady, he refusing to live with her. The husband resides in New York, is in fair olrcumstances, and has been in tbe habit, whenever he wished to sell any of his prop srty, of sending for his wife to come down and sign away her right of dower. Some time since she was told by some,friends that she should be careful what she signed; and on the next application of her husband, she wrote to him that, situated as she was, she could not agree to sign off her right of dower to any more of his property. She was soon after visited by a stranger from it nogo' Now York, who ted that he was al with her husband for some property, and he unde! that she had refused to sign the deed. She her husband was aware of her reasons for not @ did pot care to hat ly wasin djoining room with the door and doth state that this is the substance of pcg win hs upon that occasion. The person returned to New York; the bushand applied for a divorce—his friend swore he had served @ notice of the application for a uivorce upon the lady, and also that when she was in the city in May Inet, that he followed her and a male stranger to a house of ill-fame in Broome street, that he saw them enter, and in the course of two or three hours he saw them come out again—and upon the atrength of this testimony, « divorce has been granted, while the lady rei im utter ignorance of what was going on until the whole affair was settied. It is due to the lady to atate that not the slightest whisper of scandal has been heard her character, and she is spoken of by all whe are ae- quainted with her as an amiable and virtuous woman. — We hear it stated that the friends of the lady will pro- coved at once to have the divorce ret aside, and perhaps make fort to send the person who perjured Rimeat for the husband boarded out at the expense of the State in « noble building on the banks of the Hudson river.’’ d Ohio Canal; t greater than was at first supposed, iy serious breach taken place near Williameport, which it will require a considerable time to repair.—Alerandria Gazette, Ist inst, ‘rhe Codorus navigation suffered great damage. All the repairs which had been commenced since the previ- ous fivod were destroyed, and the additional injury is most serious. It is estimated that five thousand ‘dollars would be required to restore the work ee order. ‘The Codorus Creek was higher on Wednesday night of last week than it hes been for twenty five yeare.— York, (Pa) Republican The river, at this point, was higher on Wednesday pight than it bad been since 1704. ‘The perpendicular height of the river over the ordinary line was twenty- far as the eye could Tur Late resi the damage done to the Chesapeal the late freshet, one feet, and the canal bank, Teach, was submerged, 99 was the aqueduct across Black- Creek, The damege to the canal has, very great Some of the contractors above the town have sustained « revere lon. The farms om the river are much injured, Am those who sustained heavy lonses are Judge Wm. Di vn My Jr.,and Mrs. Perei- val —Lynchburgh Virginian, 29° No: it is now said that ¢ Kanawha Canal, in the lees serious than was at The running expenses of the ket ships between New York wea Liverpool for the aot two aeathe, have averaged $2000 « trip more than the receipts. This es- timate is feunded om the statement of @ captain of one of these sbips, The seine authority mentions a fact which we suppore will not be mew to may be to many others. It is that the steered, on the voyage from New York to Liverpool, by the needle, is one point south of east—the average variation of the needle between New bo and on Pool, amounting to two degrees, #0 that the course Teality, one po horth of east. This slight northiug ie sumMetent to cover the difference of two places. in voyaze of three thousand miles. — New. buryport Herald, 84 inet,