The New York Herald Newspaper, November 10, 1847, Page 1

Vol. XH. No, 308..Whole No, 4905, FIVE DAYS LATER FROM EUROPE. ARRIVAL cP THE STEAMSHIP WASHINGTON FROM SOUTHAMPTON. IMPORTANT COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. A Slight Improvement in the London Money Market. Advance in Corn, and Depression in Cotton. ADDITIONAL FAILURES IN ENGLAND. ADVANCE IN CONSOLS. RIOTS IW IRELAND. SUSPENSION CF BANKS. Arrival of tho Overland Mail from India. ke, he. &e. By the arrival of the American steamship Washington, Capt. Hewitt, from Southampton, we have advices five days later from London than those received by the Caledonia. She left Southampton on the 24th of October, and has made a passage of 16 days. Trip of the Washington. Steaman Waskixctor, } Orr tHe Hichtanns, Nov. 9, 1847, My Dear Sir—I send » fow particulars of our trip from Southampton, of which you may think propor to make use. ‘We left that port on the 24th ult., at noon, during « hard galo of wind from the west, which, with a heavy head sea, that we encountered as we cleared the Chan- nel; lasted more than eight days. During all this time the vorsel behaved splendidly; and had we as favorable a time for the first eight days of the passage, as we have had during the latter part, we should have been in in thir- teen or fourteen days, with the greatest ease. As itis, her performanee is deserving of high commendation. On the eighth days out, we were greatly alarmed by the sponta- neous combustion of the coals stowed under the boilers which was only got under after the utmost exertion, for nearly nine hours, and by deluging the bunker with water from three pumps, kept constantly at work. We have spoken nothing. Yesterday we passed two large vessel, which had their numbers flying. and were sup- posed to be the Silvie de Grace and Sir Robert Peel. A complimentary card to Captain Hewitt is annexed hercto We number eighty-three passengers, with pri- vates, in all:— Steamer Wasuinaton, off Sandy Hook, ‘=< 9th November, 1847. ‘We, the undernigned, passengers on board the steamer ‘Washington, from Southampton to New York. desire hereby to express to her commander, Capt. Hewitt senaeoi his uniform courtesy and attention towards us during the passage, and alsoto testify our approbation of his untiring perseverance in the fulfilment of his du- ties as commander of the vessel, which alone has been ‘the means of enabling us, through Providence, to termi- te the, journey with safety aud rapidity, notwith- standing the many serious obstacles which we have countered almost dally, from heavy adverse gales and rough head seas. More particularlyjwoull we declare our admiratioa of his steadiness and intrepidity during several hours of great peril from fire. the oo! juence of spontaneous ignition, which no buman foresight could have anticipated, and from which his firmness and ex- ertions contributed successfully to relieve us But above all thi i would we express our consciousness of that which been beyond ail praise—bis extraordinary ‘watchfulnesa, both by night and day, over the safety of the ship and her progress. In now bidding him adieu, we would wish an increar- ing prosperity to the enterprise in which he is engaged ‘and to himself a long continuance of that success to which his merits co greatly entitle him, [Signed by all the passeagers } Arrivats rrom Amxaica —We had four important our port on Friday the 22d. from the United the “Oxford,’’ from New York, with pepers to ; the “Sarah Sands ”’ to the 7th; the “Wyoming,” from Philadelphia, to the 2d; and the * Washington Irving,” to the 6th. The Oxford and Wyoming's news went by our special express for London; and on our Innding the Sarah Sands and Washington Irving's Papers, our own sprolal mesesnger proceeded to Londor, so that the news by all four sips would appear in the London moruing papern of the 23d, several hours before the delivery of the lutters —European Times, Oct. 24 Tae Faencn Steamsuirs —[n our publication of the 19th we recorded the operations of the French steam- sbip New York, which had taken seven dnyn longer to orc s3 the Atlantic thaa the British steamship Culedunia, Jost ng were going to press, wo learned that her alster ship, the Union, walch sefl-d from New York a day'be fors the Britannia left Boston, took eighteen days be fore the arrived in the roads of Cherbourg, and several d-ysaiter the Britennia's news bad been circulated in all’ che commercial places of resort throughout France Our Havre correspondent, under date October 20th, writes :—* We learnt last evening in town, by # pagaen §c, who had come on shore, of the arrival of the transat- antic packet Uni She anchored at Cherbourg on Monday worning, after a passage of eighteen day = European Times, Oviober 4 Tne Berotan Tanirrs—The Belgian government hi d at the beginning of the yesr, charged a commission 0 revit the average value assigned to goods imported into Belgium or exported from it, in order to impar' greater exactitude to the official returns of the fureign com: meree of the country. ‘The tariff, which serves as the basis of Lhe usual valuation, had been established in 1933. and was no longer in uofson with the present prices of goods This commission hes just terminated its labors, and a royal ordounanes bas fixed the adoption of the new: Mcial values Amoug the changes iutroduced by the coum ssion are the followin, otton thread has deen reduced from 4f 50¢ to 2f25e the kilog.; woollen thread frow 13f to 8f; slates from 40f to 22f the thou- sacd, ed quis quina is raised from Sf to 24f; rosin is re- duced from 2f 40c to 199, or is twenty-four times lower; retined sugsr from If 20¢ to 8c; suiphur and tobacco are lowered more than on» half, ard coffee more than » third, epirits and turpentine are more than doubled; cot- ton, woul, ond silk tissues are diminished when exported 30 and even 40 percent ; 1.lese is diminished two-thirds; raw zinc is reduced from 90 to 57c Lota Montez once Monk —Among the curiosities which most attract strangers visiting Muniob at the present moment, perhaps the most curious is the reel- dence cf the Counte, field, the,celebrated Lolu Montes. Among the apart admiration is the Countess ted up with royal magnificence in this room isa rare ornament- a superb albam is out, fill-d with pieces of poetry, written in German, and in cel bration of the charms of the beautiful countess, and on «n embroidered cushion upon the same table » band, sculptured in marbie, is shown as @ representati a of ‘the royni hand that wrote the. verses °! Re-Areranancn oF Jenny Linnie Genmanr.—The Uv rsal Prussion Gozette of Berlin, devotes an tic! few ileton toa notice of Jenny Lind’s reappyarance ‘on the boards of the Roy#l Opera house in the Prussian capital The musical eritie of our German contemporary suys—“ Jenny Lind’s re appearance, after an almost Divnnlal absence, crowded, as may be suppored, every corner of the opera house on Tursday, the 12th Rr- turned from England, covered with renown, the favorite opened her performances on Tuesday as Murie, ia Dont- aatti’s fimney, but pretty opera, iglin del Reygi- ment)” Her reception was enth asiastic, and Jenny was rewarded for her exertions by unanimous greetings. by repeated calls before the curtain of the most stormy aud uproarious character, and by profuse el of aromatic bouquets.” After lauding Jenoy Lin iaation’’ of the part of Marie, and declaring the extreme difficulty of deciding whether her dramatic or vocal suo- curs merited the prise of the evening, the critic goes on to say—* Such physical ‘and spiricual power over tbe Tarest resources of the voloe—so extraordinary a flexi bility of the organ, which has gained strength, especially in the upper register, and almost entirely lost that hi iness which ‘veiled’ (as the Icalians say) the mei region—ia short, such equal virtuosita and perfection of singing are really wonderful, and render the enthusiasm excited by the appearance of this gifted woman easy of explanation.” Baw or Ewaiann.—An account, pursuant to the act 2th and 8th Victorin, cap 32, forthe week ending jot. 16:— Issue Devantment, Notes ssued,.. +£11,015,100 2.984.900 6,899,485 1,090, 119 B, ina DerantMent, est. Publi eluding: ‘ronal Debt, aa ppunnintaceonna) 5 49s.ee3 ther deposits... + 75, ren day and othe £33,1983,418 Private Correspondence, Lownon, October 24, 1847, Retrospective View of the Late Elections— state of Par- ties—Irish Affairs—Financial Cri Press's Opinion of the M.zican War. To rue Epiron oF Tus New Youx Hematp :— England at the present dey exhibits the anomalous position of a country with a superabundance of wealth; extremes of luxury, the highest mechanical skill and ingenuity, and the spectacle of great distress, derange- ment of commercial enterprise, and the insecurity ot Ix- gisiation which arrogated to itself most certain effects from some certain measures, This was strikingly seen in the late election—an election which"passed over with less of excitement and turmoil than any one these forty years. In fact, there is no party dominant; and conse- quently there was no party cry. When Peel brought in his m-asure for the revision of the corn laws and carried it, the landed aristocracy, aa a party, was shivered to atoms, and stattered, never again to unite to rule Eng- land's destinies. [ am not going to speak of the wisdom or folly of his oonduct—I merely relate « simple histori- cal fact; but one of which the consequences will prove momentous hereafter. The hold has gone trom the landed aristocracy—the power has passed away—and the last election was sufficient evidence that henoeforward the legislation of this kingdom will be one begotten of the thoughts. habits and feeliugs of the mercantile, com merojal and trading clases ot Great Britain. There is no kingdom in the world in the mame position a this ix ‘at present. In one rense, the people have by far too muoh liberty; in another much too little. Too much liberty, when we consider the little legislative power with which they are entrurted—when we find how very few of them possers the elective franchise, and the slight influence which they exercise {p political affsira—too lit- tle Mberty, when we consider the great increase of know- ledge amongst them—a press daily and weekly discussing political matters with a freedom unknown, save in your country, end a general desire for a change in the great ersntials of government. The rule of the whigs is at present very uncertain An analysis which the papers present of the constitution of the present House of Com- mons, shows at s glance that their tenure of office murt be of the most precarious kind. Upon any question. most, or even @ large section of the Perlites have only to unite with the prove ctiovistesnd the whig ministry ts ut once defeated. While on the other band, the radicals, party, are becoming ormidable. if not by ac- mbers, by possessing umongst them able speakers, and who heve revived an immense accession of strength in the last election by the return of such men as Thomp- son, Fox, O'Connor, and others, will, undoubtedly, cause urent inconvenience to the present ministry. {have anid there will be no party—that is, no compact party, under the guida ce of some one or two able mon. pre: pared with series of measures to test their strength; but there will be a sufficient etd to cause uneasiness, if not eventually destroy the ministry of which Russell is the head. In thi ite or things, it might be said that Peel’s revision of the corn laws, was the suicide of him- self as a minister—the destruction of the Engl sh con- servative party; and the cause of the introduction of elements into the constitution which must ultimately remodel our form of government completely and thoroughly. . Finally, it may be stated that the copser- vative party is entirely broken up—that the whiga have but a vory slight hold upon the government of Fogland. and incapable of oe great agai sive ettarty end that the radical or demooratio party is fast gaining powei, and will by its sotivity and earnestness, in a very short time, open = important changes in the English constitution What shall be suid of Ireland? Is there spy thing looming on the political horizon which can be constrned as hergslvation’? I eaid in my former letter that there were several arpirante to Lhe political mantle of her de- ceased patriot, and veneration for his memory, rath+r than apy qualifications, bave enshrouded his son Jobn with it Conciliation Hall bas had its meet- ings occasionally, but there is nothing worth noticing im their utterings, There is no plan of action chalked out—no measures advised—nothing save unlimited abuse of the English and the Saxon, and empty boasts of Irish greatness. One cannot contem- plate such folly without regret. ‘The legislative measure passed last session, giving the poor nt to the soil— for that it. is—virtually promises to turn out very inef- ficient, for it meets from almost every jandlord the most uncompromising hostility: and this, after ten mil- lions of English money was voted to abate the starvation of the last winter. The prospect of the coming winter is gloomy enough, and thera are unmistakeable indica- tions, that they are resolved to try for help this winter again, The Queen's letter of Faaokeniving for the bountiful harvest, was read in the whole of the churches of the kingdom on the 17ch, and with it a begging col- lection for the distressed Irish and Scotch. Before the dag appointed, it was reflected upon by «ven very many of the clergy themsviver, gt de the press, and thesum collected will, i¢ is almost certain. prova very insignifi- cant Meantime, the rapacity and gree@iness of every one who came in contact with the distribution of the last loan. have soured the most ph!lanthropic. and effec- tually shut up the pockets of the generous. rendering appeal to private ch end rearing up ® most powerful preventative against apy further legi-lative rympathy Young Ireland, or rather the party, is quiescent, except an occasional ebullition amongst themselves. It will eoon be unknown Without arrogating «ny prophetic spirit. there will be much of your breadstuifs required for them again; for though the potatoe disease is not nearly so extensive as last year, it is yet very extensive, There is nothing in Ireland asa substitute, and the fact is beyond dispute. that England, instead of being able to supply portion, will require it herselt. She does not say so as yet, but the truth will come out Envgland at the present time is undergoing one of those commercial orises, to which she bas been nubject at periodical times for the last half century. In looking at the number of firms which have failed, and the ag- gtegate amount of their liabilities, the most unthinking man would find cauce forthe most serious reflection Some hundred years ago, a prcfound philosopher, (Da- vid Hume,) in bis essay on publie credit. Inid down the opinion, “ that it must be one of two eventa : either the uutlop must destroy public credit, or public credit will de«troy the netion? Are we bastentog, in common with France and o.her European nations, towards the 1 goat? Is that end ro confidently predicted by ‘aine, Cobbett, and cthers, nearat band? The rystem has possessed @ vitslity of the most wonderful kind—one hat has far outlived even the hopes of its most sanguine advocates, and has seemed to laugh at all the predictions of its enemies. The Times, supposed at the present time to be speaking by the ministerinl oard, thunders forth almost daily against railways and railway epecula- tion, as the pringioal, if not the sole cause—culls loudly for legitlative interference, by an early meeting of the Purliument, £0 8 to put a stop to thecalis for the money wanted for these undertakings Birmingham, the centre and high school of the paper money system, denounces the return to cash payments by Peel’s bill, and pro- nounces the, last bank measure enacted by him in '44 as summing up the measure of his iniquity. More paper—plenty of paper—unlimited ireuer, are the pana- ceas there ; but I um of opivion. it is bat the plaster on the old sore, without erndicuting tha disease from the vital part. Sir Robert Peel paid Liverpool « visit very lately. and in the midst of the crash and the tumble of very many firms in the second city of empir good grounds for hoping that he—the ex-Premier—the evil genius of commerce—the type of distinction accord- ing to many. would publicly justify what he had done, give some fuint hopes that he was in error. or was pre- pared with advice in such a critical emergency. Alas! no such thing! Instead of a public dioner, it was one only of some seventy specially invited guests, aod the reporters for the public press. one and all, shut out; yet, what he did say, on his health being drank, ooxed out, but se small and insignificant—ro typical of the man, that it can be coustrued in any fashion. Yet thore few words, rthe manner, or the private expre-«ions of the ex-Premier, (0 far emboldened some of his audience, that forthwith « memorial was signed on the Exchange, and two or three of them hurried to London to present it to the whig Premier aud the Chanorllor of the Exchequer They were received graciously, bad a two howrs’ con- ference, and an intimation that the government thought very deeply over the present alarming state of wffairn ‘This deputation will be followed by others from our principal towns, undoubtedly with different views as to the remedy wanted, but thoroughly agreed upon the wide-rpreading distrust and gloom. Meanwhile, firm after firm is failing, and the last, the Royal Bank of L- ¥erpool, has made every one ask. not who next, but who will stand? Cotton is going down in price—so alro ir corn; the cotton mills ure being clored in and around Manchester in all directions, and, with the exception of iron, there ia not an interest but isin a wotul state of suffering. It is not impossible, but that the wordsot the philosopher aro, at the end of a hundred years, to be ye- Fifled, and that one more important lesson isto be chro- nicled forthe future guidance of mankind. Happy the nation which will profit by it. Your war with Mexico is employing as urual a conrl- derable degree of speculation with the public press. and according to its wont, receives the sarcanm and sneer of rome, the cold silence of others, concealed envy of others, The high military telen manifested. the bravery displayed by the American troops. are gall and worm- wood here. “Old Jackson and New Orloana are revived in their recollections, and it is seen that any European interference in your affairs hws henceforward become utterly hopeless." Thus writes the Timre of the batties of Contreras and Churuburco, after a niggardly admin- sion of the success of your trooper: onferences for the negotiation of peace have, it is said, been opened, the alternative being another battle of a still more perilous character than the last; for it must be observed, that in General Scott’s present position, the least reverse must be annihilation. He has absolutely no retreat. We should, therefore, not be eurprised to learn that heis willing to conclude ® peace on terms by no moans flat- tering to the vanity of the United Again, in the same article— In the present state of public opinion in the world, we should have thought it extraordinary if the most absolute of European sovereigns had dared to embark fo such # war; but that « man, temporarily invested with a limited power like that of the President of the United States, abould, by bis own will and plea- sure, have plunged his country into such @ serie of ombarraraments, is, without exception, the most ex- traordinary event which hos ever ocourred in the hist ofwny modern republic.” In enother part of the arti- cle, he says, of the oblef magistrate, of what was “once the model of pacific goverumente, indulging bimeelt in the luxury of a bloody war.” Such is the Times; the small ‘of Examiners, Dispatches, Spectators, Sun, echo a like note, with more or less spleen and envy, and bulk of our middie and classes hold ex- same sentiments, They hate your country The English 'y unelesa, : and Ler institutions, They exvy ber prosperity, aud they would. it they could. to any Wav, prevent lier op- ward career, Be assured of this ata fact. Profonndly ignorartof your theory of government, they fall down in apish servility in worship of anything sufficien'ly arstoore'ic or loyalin England, fuiliiling to » letter— “ Where ignorance is bliss, ‘tis folly to be wise.”” ANGLO-SAXON, Lonpow, Oot, 22, 1847. This mail will convey to you intelligence of more mis- fortune in the commercial world Never was the coun- tryin such a condition. Never did such « want of con- fidence exi«t. Never were there 60 many failures, and nover was there such a prospect of domestic afflictions Daughters educated in the lap of luxury—mothers, with carriages and retinues of Inqueys—fatherr, in dependent as princes—all reduced, lost, gone; the glory of the past vanished, leaving nothing but the memory to make affliction more bitter, and reverses more keenly felt. Among the failures, such old houses as Barclay, Brothers & Co, Reid, Irving & Company, Cockerill & Company, and a host of others. ‘What houses to stop! 1 cannot describe to you the condition of affairs in the city. Men approach one another without daring to ask the nows of the day, for fear of hearing of some dreadful mischance. How it will end no one oan possibly tell. and where, is equally indefinite—the only certain'y is that the effects will be lusting and severe Let me draw the curtain. ‘The drama |e looking up ; all the houses open. The Haymarket. under Webster. with Helen Fawoet, Charles Kean and wife, the Keelevs, Mra Nisbett. Mra Glover, Ww. Farren andson, anda host of others, The Princess's, Macready, the sisters Cushman, Anna Thiilon, and others Lyceum, Charles Mathewsand Madame, Mra Fitzwilliam, Buckstone, J. Mathews, and a good lot more, opened on the 18th, The house has been entirely renovated—newly done up_in white and gold, all Chiow Drury Lane, to end» aud eventful history. Poor old Drury! [he throne of poetry, und the scence of so many triumphs’ traneferred into a French hotel, filled with anol whiskered foreigners, and trans-atlantic beverages. Fancy one of these drinking julap on the very spot where Kean and Kemble have held the mirror up to nature, and where the sun of Shakespeare's genius bas cast its genial rays on the souls of his worshippers "Oh! what a falling off was there.” The magic wand of acherlatan player bas changed the scene, and left poor old Drury to the rude stream (of genta) that must for ever—no, not for ever, for let us hope for better things. Commercial Kmbarrassment in England. Stoppage of Banks, and Continued Fall of Prices Duriog the brief interval of only a few days since the deperture of the Caledonia, no amelioration in the state of meroantile affairs be said to have taken place ‘The failures which have occurred have not been of that extensive character as those previously recorded; but in our own town the pressure has been as avent, if not greater, than at any period of the crisis. It willbeseen that a deputation of our leading merchants, headed by the mayor, bave applied to lier Majesty's government for relief; but as the Bank of England dircotors, and a very large class of reflecting men, continue to adhere to the inflexible principle of Peel’s Bank Act, government hesitates to interfere, seeing that public opinion is stiil divided upon the subject. It is, woreover, spparont that an issue of Exchequer bills would be of doubtful oy, considering the present prices of those securi- ties; whilat an iseuo of Dank notes would now be, even if they could prove a perfect remedial measure for the moment, a direct violation of the existing law ‘o iasue an order in Couneil, for the purpose of rendering nugatory a deliberate act of the Legislature, passed not four years ago, would be a step which no minister of the Crown would venture upon. more especially with an un tried new Parliament, which might in the sequ:l, if the measure failed of success, refuse to pass an act of in- demnity. It seems, therefore, to us, hopeless to expect the Government to interfere; but still think thet, as soon as mioisters can make up their minds what is the fitand properremedy for the undoubted existiog mone- tary evils, they will immediately call Parliament to- peor Petes ‘order to carry thelr resolutions into effect in the most constitutional mode. The ( ommerctal Crist Farcuncs of: Mercwants anp Bankers ix Enctaxn AND OTHER PARTS oF EvAore siNcK THE 19TH OcTO- ER. Barton, Irlam & Higginson, merchant: Berey, Young & Co., cotton brokers. ++ Liverpool. « «Liverpool. Bertrand, N ed tees Courtray Broeke & Wilson, shipowners. . -- 1 Liverpoot Grasebrook & Son, iron merchants........ «Liverpool Jones, W., & Co., wholesale tea dealers, . «Liverpool. Liverpool Banking Company. . Livingston & Co, Eust Iudia mex Logan, Jumes, Canadian trade. Molyneux & Hulbert, tea brokers, Newoastle Union Joint Stock Bunk Scholes, Tetlow & Co, bunkers Verreiu & A Gielis, mautfactui Warden & Co, merchants. .... {From the London Viorning Post } It is <uite clear that the ministers are determined to adnere to the cold-blooded philorophy of the politica economist, and to take their stand on the principles of Sir Robert Peel’s Bank Charter Act, No one oan doubt thet Lord Joha Russell and the Chancellor of the Exche- quer see that the issue of uve millions of notes by the Hank of England would alleviate the present anguish of the trading community; but they live in fear and trem- bling of their tyrant, and dare not offend Peel. putation wassomewbat mistaken ay regarda th occurrences ir. 1825 and 1826 On Saturday, the 17th of December, 1825, having then only £1,027.000 of trea- sure in its cellers, the Bank of England was rescued feom ita peril of stopping payment by the accidental ¢iscovery of » huge box of one-pound notes ‘These, with the ap proval of Lord Liverpool's goverpment, it immediately issued as « substitute for wovereigns Mr. Francis, in his valuable hirtory of the Bank, records that “ the delight with which these notes were received iu the country proved that the wnt of a secure small cur- tency alone waa feit’? Mr Harman, in his evidence be- fore the committee of the House of Commons, said, “ They (the one- pound note) worked wondrras; aa far ax my jdagwent goers, they saved the country’ Mr Francis further relates, that “in Norwich the Messrs Gurney ore ewid tobave staged the plague by merely acing a thick pile of onv-pound notes ot the Bank of Englad op the counter!’ “in most of the provinces,” continues Mr, Francis. “they (the one-pound notex) were received with acclamation Within a week trom then the peril and the panic had psssed away.” But a recurrence to go welltid and efficacious a remedy would be tainted (00 s'rongly with the spirit of protec ion, and would savor too much of the policy of Pit and of his disciple, Lord G. Bentinck, 10 be pala‘able to & set of miniaterial philosophers, “ distinguished only for their knowledge of tbe science of political economy,’ and, of course, “caring nothing for the two or three millions of people who may be reduced to beggary by their operations’ Lord Jobo Ruseeli and Sir Charlies Wood, boldiug office, as they imagine, only by leave anu license of Sir Robert Peel, will rather see the whole trade. manufactures, and commerce of Uv couatry smashed, than dutnuge the reputation of their bard tark-maater by invading the sanctity of Sir Robert Peel's Bank Char- Ler wet, and deseerating the ex-minister’s Soancial wir. dom. [From the London Times.] Tha deputation of the Liverpool mercbants and bank- era, coming from the second port in the empire, and that now involved in the most serious disasters, bas no ordi- nury claim to our rympathy nnd reepect. We feel for these gentlemen as we do for too many others, who with 4 great game in their bands suddeply find thecselves | obliged togiveit up; and, with capital enough to leave an ultimate surplus, are ryined for want of an immedi: raction of their means, They ask for a advance on the credit ef the country We have long for seen the day when Britinh merchanteaud maoufecture would have to follow the exemple set by Irish rail- wey directors, The one demand is as just ae the other; anil there can be no doubt that the balauce of utility is im favor of regular and reproductive ewploy- ment over the rude, tedious. and perhaps unprotit able works of the railway. We pointed this out last April, when Sir Charles Wood brought ain his jiosn to Irish railways; adding that there wero many of our own ' manufseturers and merebants who stood in far more need of money than the irish eproulator; while the respective conditions of the two people would soon present the very some claims — The vouclusion we came to on that most disagrevable and discreditable rubject applies to this instance. Any advance on the credit of the nation, any boon which government can bestow, cannot possibly be an addition to the capital of the ccantry. it can only be a re-ar- rangement—a violent disturbance of the natural order, for the sake of a few favored persons or classes In fact, the nation is poor All are poor. All must bear it as they can, Tho weokest must beleft to that fate from which it is, unfortunately, impossible to save them with out throwing their burden on some other, perbaps equal ly unable to bear it The aid given to one clars starr, soother. ‘The Irish railways may be finished, English railways must be suspended. The Irish Southwestern goeron. Even the English Northwestern is brought to astand-still We only trust that we shall not soon find that the population of Lancashire must die, that Galway and Tipperary may be fed. [Prom the London Observer, Oct. 24 }) ‘The state of the money market has extibited, not- withstanding the unfavorable occurrences to which we have above adverted, an appearance of less pressure as regards the mercantile community. Houses connected with the branches of commerce in which most havoc hus been made, still experience great difficulty in obtaining accommodation ; but the nankers, at high rates, are more disposed to make hort loaos,and but for the ex- citement prevailing would be glad to part with ® por- tion of their useless and unprofitable reserves. That money can be cheap, or even moderately plentiful. dur- ing the present year, we conceive to be altogether im- probable; for. even assuming that there should be a ces- sation of failures and areetoration of couiidenoe,caution. y which we have yet to provid olded ease. Activity of trade, buoyancy of feeling, and becoming energy, we trust, there will be; but, after our Aifficultier, we should mistrust the slightest indicaticn of extended fycilitivs. Weare progressing steadily in some respects towards a healthier state of things; the foreign exchanges are more favorable, and # little couragement would give the means to our manufac) Ters of exeouting orders and assisting the movement, since it is our colonies which will be most affected by the failures here, ‘The supply of food is adeyuate, we trust, to all our wants, and mostly paid for, while railway works without belug stopped, will now sus ‘oseed in fitter accordance with the capital of the country, and foreign loans be taken to more Facile markets The fands must ever be affected gaore or less by the value of money; but there are othes iatiuences of which it is consistent to ‘take note.” whether in lboking to the it or the future. If we trace the movements of the pullic securities this week, we shall find them most violently agitated on Tuesday, when the Liverpool benks were known to have stopped; and heavy momey rales of stock were made by varius influential brokers, followed closely in the rear by those who watch with deep concern the ever varying aspect of the market. Gradually the panic fear subsided, and » partial rally was the coneequence, ‘disturbed occasionally notwith- standing by the forcing off ngain of stock Possibly the payment of the last instalisent on the eight milliovs loan has thrown an additional supply of Console on the mar- ket{ but the temptation of low prices, and the surplus means resulting from the dividend payments, bave in- duced pumerous quiet purchases, and enabled the job- bers to deal in & more satisfactory, because a safer, mar- ket. The latent hope that since affairs are getting worse. the Government would soek to give an impulse to the publio mind by some assuring declaration or by con- vening Parliament, has doubtless had much to do with the improved tone of the market during the last few days, and it would need but little to establish, for a th at any rato, a higher range of values for the national securities. There are, however, many points which militate against a settled m: the state of affairs in and ond Spain, the possibility of our Govern- ment needing fresh loan, the condition of Ireland, and the proposition that to afford reliof = funding ot ex- ehequer bills should be resorted to. It is right to state tha pros and cons, aud leave our readers to deduce their inferences Tho extreme prices of the English funds from Mon- day morviog last to Friday evening have been 7834 to 81% for Console tor preaant transfer; 77%; to 79% for Ne- duced Threo per Cent Aunuities, and 797 to 81%, for New Three and & Quarter per Cents Exchequer Bills have een 153, to 35s discount, aod India Bonds 408 to 50s diecount. India stock has been at 221 to 235, and bank s'ock 178 to 183. Consols for Acceunt have been 79K to B17, ‘Thore has been a materisl alteration produced in the financial position of the Bunk of England, more perhaps than is the case upon ordinary occasions, by the psy- ment of the dividends, It is needless to enter at great length into remarks upon this point, because we have shown upon former occasions that the policy of the bank, while the transfer books are closed, is to equalise the amount of money in circulation, which otherwise would be greatly contracted by the increased government ba- lances arising from duty payment curities, making the parties wh tion enter into # formal engages at a period antecedent to dividend day. How important it is that the bank should have ite funds well under con- trol for that special purpore, we o seareely point out to the finanelal reader; for it imight otherwise occur that, correspondingly with #» suequate amount of pub- He deposites (thowg? the ease is perhaps an extreme one) there should be a deficiency of assets to meet the de- mands of the public annuicants. ‘This is certainly not likely to arise while the bauk directors perform their ut we know that ina time of extreme pressure, like the present, they are compelled to be indulgent, and thet the loans mad ve in many instances been in part, at least, prolonged. This brings usat once to the consideration of an important itew in bank returns, that of the unemployed notes, It is generally held, that although the act of 1544 provides, as far as may bo necessary, for the convertibility of notes in the issue department, it has weakened the power of the bank to afford accot ion to the mercantile com- munity. Woe are not now entering into the question of the intention, but merely desire to notice the particular action of the bill. The bank, haviog made liberal ad- yavoes to the public, by means of the government de- Porits, has subsequently to call these in, and takes, in addition, a portion of its unemployed notes, to assist’ in the payment of the dividends until the loans fall due and replace it, which, looking at the diminution in the item of securities, it is likely they will very promptly. Upon ment of the dividends the bankers and others are fntaediately in « position to augment their balances, and hence the Bank of England has a readier means afforded of balancing ita debtor and creditor account The surplus of profits exhibits the effect of the dividend payment on bunkstock. The best possible proof that the ammount of money in circulation does not, owing to the judicious arrangements made, fluctuate to any ma- terial extent through the dividend payments, is, thet the amount of notes, seven-day bills, and bullion parted with by the bank, was but £751,582, although the divi- dends paid are about £7,000,000. We have always been of opininion that too much weight is attached to the dividends 28 making money easy (slthough they on- doubtedly cause @ distribution of money in new chal nels), because it 1s manifest thet the bank withdraws with one haod in order to disburse with the other. ‘The issue of notes was larger last week by £28,015. and this added to £691,595,the reauction in thu reserve. makes the active circulation. payable on demand, £19,- 309.485, or am increase of £71960. The smount of gold and silver to meet issue liabilities wes £7,999 600, upd the engagements of the bauking department £441,- 100, giving a totul of £8 430,700, and an increase, com pared with the preceding week, of £21950 ‘The rent was diminished by £2120, the public de- posita were wned by £5,917.530. the other deposits were increased by £960,645, aud the seven-day bills by £40022. The government securitirs were lessened by £337,463, and the other ercurities by £2474,117, The ‘otal transactions in the bavking department were for £33,123,418, @ decrease of £3,509230, arising wholly from the diminution of the government account, Susrexsion or Ratuway Wonxs.—We are glad to hear that the directors of nies having unfinished wor! determined to suspend their progres bie; and it will be seen from the letter of our Liverpool correspondent, that considerable stoppages of work have already taken place in Scotland. We think, however, that the beneficial consequences of there very wise mea- sures would be inuch more extensive if the directers would publicly annornoe their intentions Probably the best and most effeccuel plan would bs to convene meet- ings of the shareholders, and lay before thom fall par- ticular cf the course intended to be pursued, with esti- of the amount of calls, if any, which would be r quired to moet existing engagements. Many sharehold- ‘era who are now laboring uouer vague apprehensioas ar to the demands which msy be made upon them would have their miods greatly relieved by being enabled to soo the real extent of those demunds The public, also wuld feel their anxiety as to the effect of railway ex- penditure much dimininhed, if the directors of each owm- pany would make a distinct avowal of their intentions — ‘The evils of a real sourcity of capital are no doubt gently aggravated at the present time by the artificial soarcity resulting from undue apprehension end alarm; and no measures calculated to restore confidence should be left untried. — Manchester Guurdian, Tt was from the first sald that the assets of the house of Legreile, of Brussels, would exceed the debts by from 300 000f to 400.000f This surplus has been ascertuined to ammount to 430 000f. Among the bills in hand, which amount in value to 872 000f, the commissioners flad thet the bad and doubtfel bills among them do not exces amount 62000f The sums due on # punta current amount to 593,001, and of this only 46,00uf are doubtful The London end North Wert R ay Company whore capital amounts to about 600 000, has issu civeulars to all companies with which it is connec urgently recowiendiog the suspension of works in ali cuses where it is practicabl Tue Fivancrat Cxiys—Hamnvnen, Oot 16- Our Exchange never waa in such a state of excitement as re ports from this place have represented it to foreign jour- nals, It is true that discount leat 6 and 63, per cent, but not from actual want of money, for there is coin enough #t the bank; but for fear of ricambio, (re-ex- chang-,) which may be expected in consequence of the numerous foreign failures, the bankers and merehante who have anytbing to do with exchange suffer ready money to le by unused, It in true that several of our houres have been concerned in two or three of the Lon- don failures, but for sums which to them may be termed inconsiderable; they have also the Russian houses to fall back upon from whom they received the bills, and if these remain solvent they will suffer no lors eventually The house of Pehmoller and'Jollens ia the only one which has stopped —Hamburgh Puper. Ireland. The reports from ali parts of nd still teem with the most alarming accounts of distress and outrage. In Limerie< @ collision has already taken place with the military, An attack was mude by nbout 800 of the populace in @ body on the Rathkeale workhouse, A small party of dragoons interfered to prevent the attack A conflict ensued, some of the soldiers were wounded, and they were forced to retreat. Tue infantry and police ware then oalled out, the riot act was read, and the rioters were Glapersed. after two of them being made prisoners, and another stabbed by the police. This is the fire. » numberless affrn: hich must ly result from the present alarming state ot things Assussinutions, robberies of arms, plundering of provistonn, and general insubordination of the people are the main subjects of all the communications, which reach us from Iteland ¢ government seems perfect- ly prepared for an outbreak, by the active and judicious disposition of the troops stationed in various parts of the country; but, alas! these indispensably prudent ar- rangementa will not save the people from their own vio- lence. That endeavors will be made in England once more to relieve the Irish people by subscription, we have no doubt; but with the whole population of Lancashire progressing with ancelerated rapidity to a stateof equal destitution with the irish, the claims of the poor upon property must prove again this winter a frightful drain upon the resources aud cepital of the country. Purlia- ment,we feel convinced, must be immediately assembled, to take into consideration the state of tho country. Nothing bas occurred to induce us to alter the tone of the observations we made respecting this country on the 19th inst. Several other murders are recorded inthe papers that bave reached us since that time On the 9th instant « young man named Bergin, son of a rexpeos- able farmer, was shot at Lisvernan, in the Glen of Aher- low, county Tipperary. by a caretaker, who bas since ab. sconded ‘It seems that cho caretaker accusud the de~ consed of poaShing, and that high words ensued, when the former shot Bergin di ontthe spot. On tl ie Sth & man named Timothy Reynolds, was brutally inurdered Longford. No oaure is as near Ballinamuck, bafenn: § signed for the murder, av die nothing vppears to b | tated the aot but feelings of the greatest atrocity and in- humanity. From the many cusesof outrage which are being perpetrated in the county of Clare, it is evident effectual means be adopted in order to expres the rising spirit of insubordiaation. ‘The state of the county of Pmepe yer tomrg . Cate Snes ae ing of peasant laborers took 4 fine, whence they pear mpg fun wt body to Buree, firing shote in the village, and drove the stock of Mr. Robert Fetherston, a magistrate; broke the = and drove the stock of Mr. George Massy, at thi Hobe; also the stock of the Rev. Mr Ryan, parish priest of Rodkbill; and tore and trampled the turaip field of @ fagmer near Kearney, in the same neighbor- hood. Many of those marauders were armed. Some of the cattle have since beem restored In that county « very foul and diabolical murder bas lately beon perpe- | ted on Peter Nash, bailiff of the Rev. Mr. Westropp = It is supposed that he had become vbnoxions t+ some par- ties in the neighborhood where he resided fur having, at the last assizes, come forward as a witness and proved the boundary of a bog, in a case where the Rev. Mr Westropp took legal proceedings for the recovery of bis property, The opposition to the payment of rents, no- ticed in our last papen continues. Mayo, Tipperary, and the King’s County, are reported among the most formidable in this respect. With reference to the state of the country alluded to in the foregoing remarks, we learn that the most active measures have been taken by the government to suppress the spirit of tumult and out- rage prevailing inthe southern part of the county of Limerick. A largo reinforcement of cavalry and in- fantry has been sent to Charleville and Bruree, and other places will also be cocupied with troops; while Mr. Tabuteau. R, M., has been placed in immediate charge of the district. Colonel Sir M. Creagh has pro- eeoded thither to take the command of the military The Cork Examiner,in speaking of the projected ten- ant-right demonstration which is to como off at Bilmac- thomas to-morrow, (Sept. 24,) remarks, that “the requi- s tion by which the meeting is conve: ia about one of the most imposing documents we have ever seen. It is signed by nearly 60 Catholis clergymen, including four vicars-general, and over 20 parish priests, and (0 curates besides 600 tenant-farmers und reepectable merchants and shopkeepers The chair will be taken on the ocea- sion by one of the county members, (Mr. M.N. fower, of Faithleg.) himself an extensive landed proprietor Mr J. O'Connell 1s also to attend. From the intense in- terest excited throughout the whole of the county of Wexford, it 1s expected the assembly will equal in mag- nitude one of the “monster meetings of '43." The Catholic prelates have assembled in annual confe. rence, in Dublin, ‘here isa very full attendance. On the first day (Oct 19) the business was altogether of a preliminary character. On the 2iet they unanimously adopted a memorial to the Lord L be of the country. and entreating bis excellency to tho destitution prevailing in various districts have also wnsnimou: tiff, Pius 1X, con, the chair of St. They adopted an address to the Pon- tulating hin upon his succession to eter; expressing the deepest gratitude for the practical benevolence exiibited in Rome, under the auspices and with the generous aid of his holiness, in behalf of the suffering Irish people during the recent famine ; conveying to him an assurance of th sympathy of the Irish prelates with his noble and mag- nanimous struggle to vindicate the freedom and inde- pendence of the Roman States ; and praying that those efforts of the illustrious rulers of the States of the church may be crowned with complete success France. The reform agitation spreads apace in France, A grand reform banquet has taken place at Melun, at which six hundred guests rat down. speeches were apoken, and received with the eustomary monstrations of enthusiasm. This manifestation was, dent however, signalized by the admission of the toast of the king, which hitherto has been always omitted at simi- lar meet! On the present occasion it was given ip the following form, and with the following adjuncts :— To the constitutional king! ‘Thecharter will hence- forth bea reality.” ofa a former king, Be the word of « king sacred, a8 his person is inviclubl Toulon papers of the 13th Oct., state that the squadron, wader the command of the Prince de Join ville, which was off the islands of Hytres, was to staod out to sea onthe evening of the L4ih uit or the day alter to morrow A rather sharp shock of earthquake was felt at Cha- teauroux and its environson the evening of the 9th ult. Several persons were, it is said, thrown out of their beds. Cabrera, the well-known Carllat General, paid last week a visit to Nice, where he remained two duys, after which he returned to Genoa, ‘The senators Ardouin a.d Delva (men of color), pre- sented to the King of the French, on ‘Tursday, letters accrediting them as EnvoysExtraordinary and Ministers Pienipotentiary of the Republic of Hayti to France, for the exchange of the ratitications of the convention of the lich of May last. Le National, anewspaper of the democratic party, in France, had been seized in Paris, om the ist ult, for containing an article which was incriminated by the government's censure. M’lle De Luzzi, who played no terrible a part in the crime of the Duke of Prasiin, is kept in secret at La Conciergeric, of Paris, The French press is very much outraged by this unusual detention. Letters from Marseilles, of the 18th, state that a col- lision bad taken place between two French steat be- Messra Valery and Company. in the Mediter- aparte and Count de Paris, on the coast shook was vo violent that the Bonaparte unk. Three persons were drowned. Mesic1n Pants'—-At eight o'elock on Saturday night, the 9ch ult,, the Opera wus filled from top to botiom with an audience composed of the (lite of Paristin rank, fashion, literature and art, Expectation was on tiptoe, and @ breathless silence goveraed the whole of the vast multitude, as the heroine of the evening, (Alboni) step- ped quickly before the foot-lights,with that look of com- posure which constitutes so great a charm in her de- portment. She was received with @ shout of appleuse thet shook the roof of the building for about half-a- dozen seconds, and then died away into silence pro- founder than before. l'eople feared to breathe. so in- tense was the anxiety to hear that voice which had instantaneously sung itself into fame at the Royal Italian Opera, Scarcely had Albont opened hor lips. than the whole crowd was in «an uproar. A fw notes utter d, with reeming unconcern, conquered the hearts and convinced the judgments of the French public, guaranteed the soundness of Eng- lish taste, and established her own right to be pluced among the great artistes of the world It was the quickest triumph ever witnesred, the easiest won. the most thoroughly maintained, and ove of the most dazzling and incontestable She rang & cavatina from “ Semiramide;’’ a duet from the same (with Alizard;) an air from “L'italiana in Algieri;’’ and the duet, Dunque fo son,” from “ Il Barbiere’’ (with Barhoillet.) io her beet manner, way eocored, or recalled, after every plecs; and after each successive performance aster her hold on public opinion. On Mond: the press, in langurge of glowing eulovy, echoed the voice of the | ublic, and the feuidletons ot some of the celebrated critics went to great lengths of adulation. Italy. The Pallad-, (Roman jovrnsl,) of the 10th ultimo states that the Minister of the Interior of Naples, M. Santangelo, bad submitted various reforms to the king, and that the Prioces of Trebia and Cempofrance had warinly supported them, ‘The firet measure he proposed was the fo.tnation of a new cabinet, composed aa follows ‘ Trince de Scordia, Minister ot Foreign Affairs; M Santangelo of the Interior; M. Bisnohini, of Fi- nance; Prince Cat M. Parisi, of Justice; Prince de St Elia, of Commere and Agriculture; and Generel Marine. MM Ferri, Scilla raoatelia, and Trebia would thus retire from the cabinet. According to M Santangelo’s plan, Sicily would be governed by a board of regency, consisting of the Hereditary Crown Princo, Princes Conistini and Pignatelli , and the Duke de Serra that some combined movement against the laws of the jand ,and the well-being of society !# now in progress among ® portion of that population; and, from present Sppearances, it ixthought tnatduring the ensuing winter re will Wao covert y for life or property, unless some di Faleo. The intendants or prefects of Sicily would be Sicilians by birth, and hold their commission from the regency A national gaard is to be established through- out the kingdom, # law on (he press to be promulgated, the customs and munivipal laws to be reformed, Ke: The king was said to have admitted the expediency of most of those measures, and promised to attend to them, but had as yet taken no step on the Sth ultimo. The accounts from all the other parts of italy are of the most contradictory and unsatisfactory nutur Spain, ‘The Madrid papers of the 14th confirm the fact of the return of the King Don Francisco to the Palsce at Ma- drid, and of the apparent reconciliation between him and the Queen. Queen Christina’s sudden arrival in Madrid bad created great surprise, Immediately after her arrival her Majesty had « long Interview with (em, Narvaez The Queen-Mother hed an interview with Queen Isabella the next day, and the sowne is described by the Heraldo with praiseworthy minuteness of detail. It adds that “copious tears of joy” by the Queen-Mother, while Munoz himself remained at » dis- cording to the Espanol, much moved by bis own feelin ‘He was received with much delight by hase of Seana were | summoned to the royal presen d the royal family romained some time alone, They afterwards dined together. if is rumored that the government have granted per- mission to the Infante Don Francisco and bix daugh ter to return to Madrid, when the fasily ciccle will be ete. ot vale pear to be decided on at the French em- bassy, that Senor Mon isto be put up as the govern. inent candidate for the presi -eney of the Congress ‘The Counters of Montijo, after declining the post of Camerera Mayo, has at length accepted it Tho Espectador is suspeuded by order of the politi onl chiet ‘The garrison of Madrid is expected to be considera bly reinforced. The whole of the personnel of the finance-office isto | be changed by the new minister Orlando, and all upset A tation of the mauufacturers of Catalonia had arri Medrid, to discuss with the present!Ministry the different qnestions connected with the interesta of that provinee The Rovat Reconcitsation.—Narvaes may be sitil ful; lueky he be tage is. Within ten days be bes ef fected two reoulte, whish were ardeatiy desired and dill- wenuy sought by preceding ministries, but which mock- wd their reach je has got rid brought back the king. These achievements unt deed, turn out rather specious than solid; m us look at the hopeful side of the future oiliation of Queen Inabeland ber husband is an which deserves io be recorded with some detail, It seeme ‘that the present cabinet no sooner succeeded to power than it bent its ohief attention upon this subject. The instrument upon which Narvaez turoed his eyes was Monalg. Brunelli. The nuncio, willingly undertaking a mission #0 suitable to his character, repaired om Satur. day to the Pardo, where he & long interview with the king. The fruits of Monsig. Branelli’s good offices 00 6} in the ppeared ln the latter of fella franco, of Keolesiastical Affairs; | | Deloaretto, ot War and | D. Franet de to the queen, cecasion her birthday. It was alro Mtulleretood that the goed pre- late had succeeded completely bringing the king te consent to re-unite himself with the queen at the lace of Madrid without delay—the grand obstacle to bia return having been removed. This result having been communicated to her majesty, she gave her permisdon for the king to return. which ws brought by Narvaes yesterday morning tothe Pardo Narvaes retursed to the Pardo at three in the afternson, accompanied by Monsig Brunelli, und an hour or two after was seem re entering Madrid witb his royal prize, A second eoach followed with the high officers of the king's the Marquises of Atcanices. Cascelar and Palseion.— The Captsin General of Madrid waited with an es- cort of the cavalry at the Puerta de Hiereo, the political chief at the royal residence of Florida. accompanied with another wscort of the mounted civicguard. At the latter plac» the coaches were ex- changed for others, which had been sent from the pa- lace. The party arrived at the palace, cheered on their ‘way by some vives, at half past four. The Queen stood iting for her consort in balcony of the palace wards the street from which the LS iste: tiflcetion at the King’s return by chiefs from the palace windows. alighted at the principal gate, Narvees went on ahead to announce the arrival to the Queen, who, advancing to the door of the royal apartment, with» much emotion threw herself into the arms of her hus- band. The Duchess of Sesa having retired, the royal couple remained alone for a considerable time. At length Narvaez waa sent for, and the King retired to hie apart ment; it is hoped not to begin again hiseulks. I forgot to say that, upon entering the palace, the consort was received with all the honors due to his ramk, end the Ministers and the bigh dignitaries of the pelese waiting for him onthe great staircase, an@ eomducted him to the door of the royal apartment. ‘Thus at least a great soandal has ceased to offend the public eye, and apparent harmony has been restored the domestic interior of the palace. This is, no doubt, & great atep towards the rettlement of a question which Assumed un aspect menacing enough for the future of Spain It is, perhaps, coneldering the fatal that would bave attended other arrangements, the mort tisfactory solution which the so-called palace q' could receive at present The Government seems dispoxed to treat the press with violence. A frash number of the Exprctador has, been denounced. and the editor of the Esperanza hes been imprisoned fr some criticisms on the bad administra~ tion of justice, which seem to most people highly judi- cious and grounded in fact. i s Portugal. sty’s steam frigate Sidon, which has ar- rived at Spithead, there are advices from Lisbon to the ldth Oct. Count Bomfia and his companions landed at Lisbon from the Terrible. The meting of the Central Election Committe. presided over by Count de ‘Thomar, was attended by 3000 persons. The registra- tion was going so hard against the Septem riste that their committee had formally protested tothe Queen; and they were discusting the propriety of r Y their adherents not to vote at the approaching election. Lisbon was perfectly tranquil, but reportsof ricts having taken place at Oporto were current. Discount on paper money hadadvanced to 37}. Germany. Prorosey Dirrraxxtiac Dutine 1x Genmany.—The desire of Germany to possess a National lag” is find- {og expresnion in a variety of modes, and amongst others & proposition has been made for the establishment of a German Commercial and Navigation Leaguo, the arti- cles of which are the following :-— Src. 1. The States of the German Zollverein on the one hand, and the other Siatesof the German Confede- ration ow the other, are to associate themselves ine By her Male 2. The object of t principle of the national unity of Germany in its mavi- gation and commercial affairs, in the reciprocal rela:ion- suip of the German States towards each otber, but also ‘as regards their relations with fereign States. 3. Im consequence each seafaring State,e memberot the league. will concede to the ships of the other States, members of the league, the same privileges enjoyed by its own vessels 4 The States of the league are to come to an under- standing for the adoption of a national flag. 5. ‘They are to detine the necessary requisitions beth as regards the origin of the veesele aud the crew, to | senction # veasel to carry the German flag; also to regu- late the ship's papers, port inspections, ie. | 6 The Statcw of the league propose facilitating, as much as in thei lies, the means of communication ia the inland frontiers, by reducing #4 much as possible the existing duti 7 They also propose taking measures for the adoption ofa uniform money-currency, and @ uniform system weights and measures 8. The States of the league expect that the other ‘States will acknowledge the German ag, and that con- squently any vessel railing under si colors, though wich s crew oging to some other State, member the league, or laden with produce of another State of league, will be placed exactly on the same footing as of its own vessels, . The States of the league are ready to concede the sbips of all other States the same privileges have mutually conceded to each other; but, other , they expect that the other States will cede the same privileges in their ports to the ships to ai §Fs s 8 #68 iz fe 10, The States of the league ere willing ships of all nations on the same footiog as regards ping dues and custom duties, thus giving m0 preference to the shipping of any particular State. On hand they expect their ships to be treated respect on the same footing as the most favored nations. 11. Should another State not act up to Sec. 8. the States of the league would be in necessity to impose double port dues, and extra flag- ney on the vessels of such ptate entering their ports. 12, In so far aa forvign States should refuse oz place heavier conditions on the ships of coming from the ports of another State, and laden with the produce of another State rect traffic), on those coming direct from the ports of the league, or with the produceof the States of the | }, the allied States reeerve to themselves the right of retaliating, by placivg higher entrance duties or higher duties om the produce imported by the veesels of those States intothelr rts. 13. In #0 far other States should treat on more favora- ble terms the ships or produce of » third State either entering its ports or crossing its land frontiers than those accorded to the States of the league, the latter propose imposing differential duties to the disadvantage of the ships and produce of such States. 14 The same to be the case towards those States who, by monopolies, privileges, or other means, should throw obstacles in the way of the commercial and navigation interests of the States of the league 15. The principles contained in Secs, #10 are to. con- stitute the basis for the conclusion of ull treaties of com- merce aod navigation between the league and other States, a6 also to serve as guide to the line of conduct to be observed in their relations with other States, 16, Infatore the leagued States, ass general rule, are only to conciude treatios of commerce and navigation with other States in the name of the league. Should in- dividual States of the lesgue conclude treaties with other States on their own account, itoan only be done on the condition that it is in th» option of the other States of tne league to enjoy th» same privileges sc- quired by that treaty by placiag themselves on @ recip recal footing 17, All States of the league bind themselves to notify within as short « time as possible the discontinuance of extating treaties of commerce aud navigation with other Statee, and only to renew them under the conditions contained in Seo. 16, PES. 15, ‘he States of the league propose ostebli con- sule at the cemmon expense, to guard over thelr tn- terests, 10, As regards the measures to be taken respecting neutrality, quarantine regalations, and other measures, they are #tilt open to consideration. Tre Reve Duties.—The commission sppointed to take into consideration a reduction of the duces which obstruct the free navigation of the fbine, bas been hold- ing daily nittings at Mayence Of the differeat German States that are washed by this river, Prussia made the most liberal propositioos, having pro: ‘& feduo- tion of 50 per cent on every ry. Nassau will only consent to a reduction of ove third Beden and Bava- rin have acceded to th» proposition of Prowis, France has expressed her rewdiness to revise all duties, Hotiens sides with Nassau. It fe to be hoped that the qt will be solved by @ total abolition of duties altogether. Holland. The ordinary session of the States General was opened by the King, oa the i@th uit, to person, Hin apeech en the usual assurances of peace with foreign powers, yut that créer bad not been restored Datch Kast Lai He adds, aurangementa a Courne of preparation for tbe West India colonies. Im Surinam 1 ix r will be exchanger for specte, ‘The moral interests of the nation continue to demand all my attention. The bi of an abundant harvest in tue majority of its productions, awakens the hope that the inhabitants of the Nether- lands will be preserved from those eviie which attead on the scarcity and dearness of provisious. The condition of the finances of the state is favorable,” After allading toother subjects of « domestic nature. the speech com- Uinger—"It le probable aeral law will be laid be‘ore you this session relative to import and export duties Russia. Te Crorena ww Rossis.—Lettera from St, Peters- burgh, of the oth, state that on the authority of the off- olal reports received by the Government, the cholera mtinoed te adverse towards the north and east. Cures of It bud vecurred at Orel at Teele, and even in the village of Pensa, sitaute only tt from Moscow. In the province of ‘Aatrakan, Ip glentme were 31,300 inhabitants, 5.915 casenhad courred, and 3131 deathe. The disease still raged with great severit at Teeberao Jarek, and the euviroms At Seratotl the cepital of the province of that mame, 2.600 persons had been attacked, 1,091 of whom died [a the country of the Cossacks of thy Don there had been I cases o. which 7 017 Lerminated fatally, At Charcow 68 sons bad been carried off, and on September 15th, wore 668 siok at Kurek. At Woronesch, « town with a population of 44,000, the obolera broke out on the 4th September, with 420 new cases, and 16v deaths hed curred daily, On the 16th there were 1,019 persone fit of the cholera in the hospital, 418 of whom wore attaok- ed the same day. The number of deaths on that day was 152.—Galignani’s Messenger. § ‘Turkey. Conerantixorin, Sept. 2) — Many Greek vessels hay already been forbidden to coast by the Porte. In order to avoid this cempulsory meaeure, the Greek ships can