The New York Herald Newspaper, September 13, 1847, Page 1

THE NEW YORK HERALD. Vol, XE1, No, 851..Whole No, 4843, NEW YORK, MONDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 13, 1847. THE NEW YORK HERALD ESTABLISHMENT, North-west corner of Fulton and Nassau ots, JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR. CIRCULATION..PURTY THOUSAND. DAILY HERALD—Every day, Price 2 cents per copy—$? 3% per aunnin—payable in advance. ss pe eK A NRALD“ivery’GaturdeyPrice 63 cents iT copy—{ cs le TERT WOR ROROPE byery: Beem Packet day— Brice 0 cents per copy per annum, sel or $3 25, exclusive of postage, (uN yh tions and advertisemencs will Le received fossrs. Galig, yal Uae Vivieune, Barn: Be Bonds, 18 Corll, and oh ANNUAL PICTORIAL HERALD—Published on the 1st of January of ench year—single copies sixpence each. ADVERTISEMENTS, at the asual prices—al ways cash (Advercwements should be. written ia a plain, legible miner. he Propriewr will not be responsible for erro: vocent ia thees, : : i PRINTING “oF all kinds executed beautifully and with expatch, ‘All ievters or communientions by mail, addressed to the proprietor of the es'ablishment, must be post paid, or the post- Ree will be deduseed fromthe subscription mone¥ remitted, Ne YORK AND Baie M. RAILHOAD COMPANY 2 . jUMMER ANGEMENT. ON AND sai ee = 1847, the Cars will ran as follows, ‘Up trains leave the City Hall for Trine Morrisiane,. Porham & further notice. ckahoe Pleasantville, Newcastle ‘Will’ms Br’ge. Hart’s and = Newe: 7 530A, M. White Plus, Bedterd, 1 Gm ie NT Me Wile Hee? oem. Pet nos so" 4PM 2 FP, iP, 5 ine ae gy 60" Returning to Now Yors will leave isi eFordhan. WillmsBrge, ‘Tack ow 6 33. ‘AM. eee 724M Ub, ous 120 PLM. Hid as 508 * ers Fiat ai b potas (320 a Hak eaais'f ills. Castle, Bedford. Whitlickville. Hleasantilie, New Case, Bedford, Whitickville ‘ 4PM 46PM Croton Falls. 730 L. ’ 430PM. ‘The trains to and from Croton Falls will not stop on New York Island, except at Broome street, 32d street. A car will precede each train teu minutes, to take up passengers in the city. *! . ‘i ing train of ears from Croton Falls will not stop berrigeu White Plains and New York, except at ‘Tuckahoe William's Bridge, aud For dham. reeiien ‘Extra trams ca Sundays to Harlem and Morrisiana, if fine weather. Mahopackand Danbury leaye Croton Falls om era eilnck me iand 4M. rat, aad for Pew i i Yeloe! |. train. Tings on arrival oh Rit PROM NEW YORK To Newcastle. To Pleasantville To Wiute Plain *s Freight rans leave City Hi R z, leave Croton F ‘TO TRAVELLERS GOING SOUTH oy ey NEW AND MOST AGREEABLE LIN# TO FREDE- rickshurg, Richmond, Petersburg, Va., Stannton, Va, and the Virginia Springs, Weldon, N. C., and Charleston, 8.C. ‘The public are informed that the 1 plendid low prea- sure steamer POWHATTAN (connecting with the Great Mail Line at Aqquie Creek,) leaves Commerce street wharf. Baltimore, every Tuesday and Friday Evening, at 6 P. for the above points. i Through-tickets to Richmond. Petersburg, . ‘Weldon, Staunton, Va, Charleston, 8. more direct and expe he Chesepeake Bay and Ja Wide and rough portion of the Bay, 1d Point Comfort, er Being at the same much more certain Steambost Line,—all 1 between the mouth of the Potomac an being entirely avoided by this line, ang parcel of the Gr it is the intention of th Line, that ps tion With t rnpanies composing the ( all be conveyed by them, in connec: ‘owhsttan, always as cheaply as by any other line, aud with more comfort, expedition and certainty, than by auy otherline, except. the line via Washington. For further particulars, in muthern Railroad of- Pratt street, Baltimore: of Stockton, & Fall, oF at the tne merce street wharf, or, on Tuesdays and Fridays, on board the Powhattan, of 'G. W.GUNNELL, B.—Travellers by the above line will bear in mind that etwo hours more in Baltimore than passengers by © Chesapeake Bay and. James River Boats, and yet reach any point south of Petersburg atthe same time with these last, even when there is no breach of connexion by the Bay Line, Jy43meod*r NOTICE For the bejter secommodation he public (as the days are becoming shorten. the Sreambont NEW PiulADEL! 1, er’ Monday next, leave New Brunswic azo mites before 7 GFeloek iene at 15 minutess) Past 3 oeloek, stopping at the regulay landings, : fhe RARITA. 11 continue at her old hours, at 7 o’clock fee eee wick ‘and %¢ before 3 o'clock’ from New York, ranniog through without stopping, ‘Both boats leave from the foot of Barclay street. Fare in the New Philadelphia, 614 cents; Raritan, 124g cents. e ‘ick, Sept. 3, 1817. 8 30t*re 1 steam vs TO WING—The new and pow fe era ACOB BELL, Capt, R, Yates, and HE « RALD, Captdn J: P. PARKS, will be in constant readiaess for ‘Towing Vessels to and from sea, an the Harbor, on the most reasonable terms Lorders thankfully received aud punetually attended to. ly to the old extanfished Steam Tow-Boat Ofice, No. 75 lute gereet, comer of Maiden lane. up stairs. 8 ie Bouts lay every night at the foot of Grand street, E.R., ines nt n moment’s notice. i the above boats on DOUGHERT the owners. (er RRIDAY. Sept, loins Ubt7s the steam 2 ’ a , the ame fos SYLPH and STATEN (SLANDER make the following trips watil further notice i= 10, 11, As hicvand 103; fou minutes past 3, and at 4, 5, MET 9 TO Me Ae aM cielock, P-M.t . AVE QUARANTINE, 1, ied My and 1y 2) 3) 4, 5, 606,P. Me | ‘S LINE STEAMBOATS FOR Daily, Paw Excep ed — on A P.M. rty streets. Capt Win H. Peck, will i Friday evenings, at 6 DSON, Capt. R. G. Cratten- ursday and Saturday evenings from the Pier betw u Steamboat ISAAC NEWT eon Monday, Wednesda o'clock. Steamboat HENDRIK HI den, will leave on Tuesday, 1 at6 g’tlock - i ‘At Rive O'clock, P. M.—Landing at intermediate places— trom the foot of Barclay street. f Steamboat ROCHEST#R, Captian KR. H. Furry, will leave on Monday, Wednesday, Friday and Sunday afternoons, at 5o’clock. z ‘Steamboat SOUTH AMERICA, Capt T.N. Hulse, will leave on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday afternoons, at tock, : °'The Shove boats will at lltimeg arcve jg Albany in ample ti for the Morning Cars for the East or Wes! ‘Freight taken at inoderate races, and none taken after 43 °T="'Ali persons are forbid trusting any of the boats of this ling, without a written order from the captains or agents, Vor pagsage or freight, ‘pply'on hoard the boats, orto PC. SCHULTZ: atthe office ou the wharf. 8G rh spt , KOR SHREWSBURY, OCEA 5 Long Branch, Runsom Dock, Brown's Dock, dictown and Red Bank—The Steamboat onus, ©. , will run as follows, from Fulton Market Slip, Bast * eeeieave' New York. Leave Shrewsbury. Orla ron 1, Orla Monday, 13, nt 636 A.M. Monday, 3, at 10 AM. Trerdsy, iat toAM. ‘Tues 1i.at 10% AM: Inesday, 15, at 736 AM. Wedn 15, att ALM. Line Stages wili uu to Howell Wor fuam Vill echold. Stages to convey passengers to all parts of country, 'N. B. All persons are forbid trusting the above boat on ne- count of the Owners. 82 300% re J.P. ALLAIRE. NG BRANCH, P. W. Schanek’s, Highland: The steam, will run as follows, Ocean House, P. W. Ransom aud Eatontown Landing. boat EDWIN LEWIS, Capt. Haya from foot of Byrclay street, North rivs ave New York. Leave Shrewsbury, Orel O'clock, ‘Tuesday, Bais a gander’ pat LP wnt 4 PM, Tuesday, aijat 1PM. Weduesday, | 22,0t 3 P.M: Stages will be in pesmaees of the arrival of the boat to con- vey possengers to all parts of the country. For further particulars Apply to F, B. Hall, at the office on the whar st 30t*re OPPOSITION PASSAGE OF FIL E—To Seater: Iw Utiea $1.50; Syracuse, $2; Onwego; $3: iRothesten, $25 Buifalog $2: Cleveland, ty Sty Milwaukie, $6 73; Chicago, $6 7 ‘orouto and Hamilton, $4; Whitehall, $ oy tsburg. Oihee, 100 Barclay street, Any scenrity required will be given for the fulfilment of all contracts made with this company. nu 25 goto M. Le HAY, Agent | New York, 1847. ONEY ISLAND BERRY “The well known steamer AMERAUAN EAGLE, Cap- H. Power, will rau regularly duri ding at Fort Hamilton, as fol- 14 Afine Cotillion Band aud 450" re MORNING LINE WOR ALBANY AND TROY and (ntermediate Laud neinnati, ; Montreal, Fa Breakfast and Dinner on board the Boat. The low ‘eae steamboat. OY, Captain A. Gorham, will leave the steomboat pier foot of Barclay street, days, Weinesdays, and Fridays, at seven o'clock A-M. Return: ing. on the opponite days. The Steainer NIAGARA, Capt. H. L. Kellogg, will leave the Sreambont Pier foot of Barclay street, Tuesday, Thursday and Se’nrday, at half past six o’elock, A. M., returning on the days. ‘are 50 Cents. we or freight, apply on board, orto ¥. B. Hall, at iy! ny the wharf POR LIV KPOOL—New of 2ath of entender The ap pneket ship SHERIDA! ta fill pontively sail as above, her regular da 70 Ny Vos Ralcer or pemegs: eaviag. Wemaasine turajshed i (reigh a modations, apply on ard, "Galea eet tot of ‘Wali street, orto INS, G. ICK, Ci . J. A 5 "Fig packet sig GARRICK, Car oi Deke at day. ; OCEAN STEAM. NAVIGATION COMPANY.—Uuited States Mail Line to Cowes and. Southampton, aud Bremen. ‘The splendid new steamship WASHING: . 4 TON, 1750 tous burthen, Frederic Heavitt, start from New York ou the 23d September, 1d States Mail. tt Cowes and thampton to }: passen- es and deliver the mails for England, France and Bei ium, ‘and ‘will then proceed to Bremerhaven. Returuing, will leave Bremerhaven the 15th October. ‘Washington is built in the strongest manner, with a w to being converted intoa ship of war, and suject t any ime to inspection by officers appointed by the President, both during and after coustruction. She has two engines, of 1000 horse power each, and accom: modatious for 140 pastengers. = Passage from New York to Southampton or to Bremen, $120, Passage fom Bremen and Southampion to New York, $150, ‘She will carey abot 300 tons freight, which will be charged according to nature of the goods offering. All letters pass through the Post Office. Parcels, for which bills of t be charged 3 pply at the « iDliam stre MIL each, ¢ of the Ocean Steam ft Wall. Agents at Southampto: “at Bremen... A. HEIN & CO, wit _at Havre WILLIAM ISELIN. _ The secoud steamer of ihe liue is i tion, and will be in readiness in the ensuing FOR HAVRE, via CHERBOURG — ‘The steamship NEW YOK will leave on her regular day, Wednesday, the Lath inst Price of cabin passage, $120." The ship has anexperienced surgeon. Letters must pass through the post office. For passage or f-etght, apply to 56 9:m, AYM all an2och AR & ©. FRENCH TRANSATLAN STEAMSHIP COMPANY.—The ships of this company are appointed to sail’ fol “FROM NEW YORK RK, FRILADELPILLA on the loth Anguat 8 isth Sept. +ROM HAVRE. The NEWYORK ‘) *"isth August. The UNION hed “ Sst ‘These Steamers ur ¢ equal to any afloat, with commanders of courtesy. Their state roomsand cabins are unusually commodious, and they are provided with every thing requisite for the comfort of passengers. The price of age in the first cabin from New York 1s $120. Krom iavre 1,000 francs. Wines are not included, but will be fur- nished at moderate rates All letters must pass t For freight or passage, ‘ough the post office. nly to, AYMAR & CO., 34 South street. BRITISH AND NORTH AMERICAN ROVAL MAIL STEAM SHIP, 1200 tous ‘and 490 horse power each, under coutract lew with the Lords ofthe Adinirality. RNIA, Cajitain Alexander Ryric. LEDONL YANN R ACADIA The four steamships re THE AMERICA, HE NIAGARA, THE CANADA. ‘THE EUROPA. he vessels appointed to saikfrom Boston are the August 16, 1847 jeptember 1, 1847 October 1, 1847 rpool are the September 4, 1847 ane luggage must be On board the day previous to jee money—From Boston to Liverpool, $120, do do to ‘0 berths secured until paid for. ese ships carry experienced fo freight, except specic, receiv cons. mn cays of sailing. For freight, passage, or auy other information, apply 10 f 7D. BRIGHAM, Jry Agent AtHARNDEN & COS) Wullic 7 7-In addition to Geabove line between Liverpool vq i Halifax, and Boston, a contract has been entered into with Her Majesty's government, tp establish a, line between Liverpool and New York direct. ‘The steamships for this service are ar uc bailt,and carly next year due notice will be kiven of the time when they will start. Under the new cont steamers will sail every Saturday during eight mout every formight during the other mouths in the year. ternately between Liverpooland Halifax and Boston, tween Liverpool and New York. r AKLISLE & ee .. core TION F iS 20. RIPPARD in connection with GEO. RD & SON, 131 Wat terloo Road, Liverpool. Persons wishing to send for their friends in the ofd counter, can secure passage in any of the fol- Jowing new line of packets, sailing from Liverpool on the 6th of every mor —_ CONSTI TION, 1,500 tons, Capt, John Britton. QUEEN OF THE WEST, 1,200 tous, Capt. B. Wood- oure. LIVERPOOL, 1,150 tons, Capt. John F ldridge. HOTTINGUERK, 1,000 tous, Capt. Ira Bursley. Geo. Rippard & Son are the only agents in Liverpool for the above line of packets, in addition to which they despatch a firstelass shipevery week. ing money to their friends in large and small commodated with drafts on the Belfast m2? Persons se: amounts, can be Banking’ Company, snd their yumerous branches in Ireland; also on the prineipal banks in) England: Scotland, and Wales. Apply to CARLISLR & RIPPARD, anal 30t*m 68 South street or. of Wall, FOR NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA AND EW YORK LINE. TO VERY TEN DAys. Ship OSWEGO, Captain Johnson, Ship HUDSON, Captain Page. Ship CLIFTON, Captain Ingersoll. Ship LOUISVILLE dunt. Ship SARTELLE, Captain ‘Taylor. Bork GENESEE, Caprain Minot, Bark J. Ki; AMS, Captain Parker. Bark HEBRON, Captain Greig. ‘The above ships ereall ofthe first cls, of light draft of water, and commanded by the most experienc ytains in the trade, ‘Their cabins are handsomely furnished, and every attention paid to the comfort and convenience of the passen- gers. 2 er the captains or owners of the above ships will be re- spoasible for jewelry, bullion, precious stones, jsilv' ware, or for any letters, parcels, or package board of them, unless regular bills of lading same, and the value expressed. For freight or passage, apply on board, at Orleans.wharf, foot of Wall street, or to ". K. COLLINS, 56 South street. who wil) ‘Agent in New Orleans—John Woodruff & C; promptly forward all goods totheiraddress. # ae i tI A Persons wieaing to send for their friends in the old un ecure paasye on reasonable terms, by any of the nt ships comprising the new Line of Liverpool pack- eta, vi f : CONSTITUTION, 1750 tons, Captain John Briston, QUEEN OF THE W: Woodhouse LIVERPOOL, 1250 tous, tige. HOTLINGUER, 1150 to ra Bursley, ¢ from Liverpool o ‘of every month. Pa also be secured by the St, George's Line, or the © af Liverpool packets, making in all a shi every is from that port. Wor farther parti, rs apply to nm Woes. 1 TABSCOTT, iy29 86 South street, New York. ROCHE, BROT & UC AGE TO and from Liverpool, per Black Boll Line of Packets, nd Remittances to Ireland &e. well known favorite packet ship Ne YORK will aber, ther « ir an steerage pass "ge, foot of Beekman street, sail for Liverpool 0 y, For terms apply to Captai or to the subscribers als , ‘The NEW YORK will sail from Liverpool on 16th of {passage can be engaged tocome from the old coun- id ship, orby aay of the packets of the Old sail fromit on the Ist and 16th of every Thursday, 16th abia, secoud cabi dropper, on board at month, by applying to us. ‘Those remitting money to Ireland, can have drafts on THE ROYA A ‘ K OF TRELAND, and on PRESCOTT, GROTE & CO., Bankers, London, which will be paid at the various branches throughout Great Britain and Ireland. Apply to ROCHE. BROTHERS & CO., No, 35 Fulton street, New York, next door tothe Fulton Bank, Only authorised passenger agents for the Old or Black Ball Line of Liverpool packets s9re It NEW ORLEANS, with dupach—The ‘Ting packet ship PLATO, burthen Dearse, ? reabin, second eabin, and steernge irpassed by any vessel in rt, and as a hengers are already esgiged those desirous Of securing berths should make early application on board, at pier No. 9kiast iver, ort). JAS. MeMURRAY, s3 rre Comer of Pine and South streets, “ONLY RY GULAB LINE OF PACKETS FOR NEW ORLEANS. -fhe following well known, faat sailing and favorite preket ships have accommo: hn tious Unsurpassed for cabin, second cabin and ete sengers, and will ositively sail as advertised, or pa ‘apt. Page, September 1%th. : Capt. Dennis, September 0th. shing to proceed to New Orleans, will do welt so secure passage by either the above packets, aa they are sll arst class ships, commanded by men experienced inthe trade, and will sail punetually on their appointed days. ‘To secure berths, apply on board, or to a W. & J.T. TAPRCOTT, 86 South at FOR LONDON—Regular Packet of the 16th of September—The first class fa ling packet ship id : . JAMES, burthen 850 tons, will sail_as above her regular dav. Having superior accommodations for ea| stegrage pussengers. Person ing to. embark make early application oc “ard, foot of Maiden lane, or wo J. MeMURRAY, sO re corner of Pine and South streets. > FOR MARSEILL¥S—The superior copper fae fened aud eoppered ship WAVERLY, Cayt Sin th, 10 be promptly ispatel ed For freight of passage, for wich she has comfortable furnished accommodations, ap- ply u Mfepts*re BOYD & HINC RAS—Dark JOHN R FOR Be LiZE, HOND GARDNER, James Pedersen, master, will have jespatch for the above port. oF freight oF | having stiperior accommodations, apply to the captain er 9, Kast River, or to "Ghee XANDRE, 28 Sonth street, KOR LIVERPOOL—To sail with despa BED 155050 regular Packet Ship W/ a LOO, Capt. Alle then 1100 tons, will sail es Dove, having ‘very superior accommodations for eubin, se- cond cabin and stecarge passengers. Persons about embarking, ) pplication on board, foot of Maiden 4 should make early application foot of Maiden Lane, corner Pine and South streets, Persons desirous of sending for their friends in the Old Country, ean have them brought out by the above splendid versel, or any other of the reewlar line by applying, 8 rr > The New Line—Regy . FOR LIVERPOOL. packer of 2at 8 b ior fst sau packet ship QU hilip Woodhouse, 125¢ ton th regular day. For freight or passage, having splendid Jarge and comfortw site room and cabins apy to the. cayrain onboard pier No, 3, west ai oF to Hea nide TO ODHULL & MINTURN, 67 South st, Price of passage $1 mekat ship CONSTITUTION, 1600 tons burthen m Britton, will sueceed the Queen of the Wea, and ia her regular day, 2ist of October re il as above, INTERESTING WAR INTELLIGENCE. i qenrnosn OF PEACE, ‘ ‘rom the New Orleans Picayune, Sept. 4. Tho desire td learn the result of the negotiations en- tered into between Mr. Trist and the Mexican govern- ment is more intense even than to obtain the details of the engagements which have been fought in the vicinit; of Mexico. The cpinion is that the result will be speedl- ly received here. AJl the efforts of the friends of re in Mexico, of the British embassy and of Mr. Triat, would be exerted instantly and aang rn de- layfin consummating negotiations would be tatal. If Congress is driven into sanctioning peace measures, it must be by the terror of our arms, ‘hen ‘“ the tremor is off,” it will relax into its wonted stubborn policy. We confess that we by no means feel so confident of peace as did the writer of the letter from Orizaba to Mr. Di- mond, published yesterday. It is hardly worth while to speculate upon the subject; for in avery few days we may expect advices from the city of Mexico which will settle the matter Wehave not long to remain in sus- pense, as the English courier would leave on the 29th uit., and should the basis of atreaty be agreed upon at an earlier in extraordinary courier would doubt- less be despatched to Vera Cruz. But it we have not much confidence that the Mexican Congrres will assent to such terms as Mr. Trist muy be authorized to grant, we have yet less that such a peace as may be patehed up will be astableone. Should the present government of Mexico accept our proposals, the very act will be likely to prove its ruin, We shall have to test the vigor of the coalition between five States of Mexico, pledged to the continuation of the war. We next shail have the influence of Paredes ready to be exerted to protract the controversy. Should Santa Anna sign a treaty, unrelenting war would become the watch- word of Paredes and his partisans, It would be the most obvious course for him to pursue to attain the ultimate aims of his ambition, whether his design be to establish a monarchy in Mexico, or consummate any uther scheme of personal aggrandizement. There must be a large class of men in Mexico ready to flock around the stand- ard of any told, adventurous spirit which shall declare for war. “Besides the army proper, the guerilla system must have infected thousands of yagabonda with an ap- wtite for blood and plunder. Mexico has ever abounded in these graceless scamps, and the present war must. have increased the number ten fuld. Upon the whole, this class of Mexicans have driven a profitable trade during the war. They have never been adequately chas- tised, and the mode of life must have strong attractions for men unscrupulous and of desperate fortunes. We do not mention a tithe of the elements which are at work in Mexico to prevent a permanent peace, but it ig ob- vious that there must be no relaxation of effort on our part. Our military energies must be yet further evoked, if not to “conquer a peace,” at least to enforce the fulfil- ment of such «treaty as Mr. ‘T'rist may by possibility effect. We hope there may be as little delay as possible in calling out the additional regiments which it has been intimated the government will send into the field. Mexico should be made to see and comprehend that ws have but begun to deal with her as we can, if ehe insists upon hostilities, All classes of them should see the futility of war, and not be allowed to misunderstand the high and honoraBle motives which have moved us g0 often to of- fer peace. None of her people should be aliowed to sup- pose that we have made our proposals save in @ spirit of magnanimity, prompted by a consciousness of our strength and their weakness. But we far it will turn out that though Mexico may be easily whipped, she will not readily “stay whipped,” and this not from # no- ble pride which scorns submission, but from the vicious elements of her national character and organization. — The continuance of the war will be a watchword to arouse and unite her discontented spirits, and her pro- fligate and worthless military. THE PROGRESS OF THE WAR. (From the New Orleans Delta, Sept. 4.) It is now well understood that the Governinent has changed its plan of operations in Mexico. The contem- plated advance of Gen. T'aylor upon San Luis and the capital has been abandoned. ‘The troops now with Gen. T., will be reduced to a mere garrison force, sufficient to hold and occupy the principal points in our possession, and the surplus, consisting of two brigades, will be sent to Vera Cruz, via the Brazos, to open the communica- tions between Gen, Scott's army and his depot at Vera Cruz, This division is, no doubt, already on the march, as we learn from Capt. Corser, of the Secretary Buch- anan, late trom the Brazos, that it was hourly expected by the Quartermaster at that point,who was taking mea- hea to furnish the necessary supplies and transporta- on. Whether this division will be under the command of Gen. Taylor or Wool, we are not informed, but re- sume that it will have Gens, Lane and Hoppin as its Bri- gadiers, and that it will include the ferce now encamped at Mier, and composing the school of instruction. The division will be about 3,000 strong, and will, no doubt, be amply sufficient to clear the rear of General Scott’s column. will be strongly occupied. This is highly desirable, present this place is the nest of the guerillas: Here they obtain their means and supplies, and here they can retreat from the mountains and find shelter and support, whenever they are hard pressed. The garrison at Puebla, too, will be reinforced. We trust whilst the government is taking these judi- cious and energetic measures $0 protect the communica- tions of our conquering army on the Jalapa road, it will also see the importance of occupying the Orizaba road, and protecting Gen. Scott’s rear from that direction. A force of 1,000 men, with 500 horse, thrown into Orizab: would shut iv§ the guerillas, and very much cranip sphere of their operations, and cripple their resources, When these points are occupied, let the government raise two or three additional regiments of Rangers, and acorps of light Flying Artillery, to operate on the line phe a and we guaranty the guerillas will soon dis- ppear. ‘To further this plan, Mr. Marcy has only to send a written request to Jack Hays and Ben MeCulloch, au- thorising them to raise two regiments of rangers, and turnish them with the necessary equipments, acting towards them with some liberality, and we are certain the required force will soon be in the fleld—a force, the very whisper of whose approach will clear the rocks and chaparral of the whole horde of guerilla vermin, ‘This change in the mode ot operations, and the conse- quent diversion of a large portion of Gen. Taylor's com- mand, is to be regretted by all those who, like ourselves, warily hoped to see the old hero, who has so nobly borne the brunt of this war, completing and rounding off the epic of his exploits by @ triumphal entry into the city of Mexico, after a victorious march through the interior States. But we do not see how it could avoided. ‘The present aspect of affairs indicates very clearly that the government will be under the necessity of oo- cupying aud holding Mexico after its conquest; that the government of Mexico has neither the will nor the power to make peace, and that no ingenuity or concession on our part, short of naticnal dishonor, can save us from the necessity of taking “ corporal seizin”’ of the country, as the lawyers say, and holding it until our Congress shall determine what further Steps shail be taken. ‘To do this requires a much larger force than Gen. Scott had when he left Puebla. There should at least be one line of communication kept open between the capital and our ports of deposit and supply. What avail would it be for both Generais Taylor and Scott to advance at the sume time on the capital, when the rear of both armies is left uncovered und their communications closed? They would, of course, capture the city, but all the country around them would be in the hands of the enemy, and they would be shut out from their supplies and reinforcements. ‘The passage of the armies through the States leaves the people as far from being subdued and as hostile as they were before. The mere conquest of the capital will not be the great difficulty of this war. Our serious difficulties commence with its capture and occupation. A line of 350 miles, through a thickly settled, and inv ely hostile country, admirably adapted for partisan and guerilla warfare, will have to be occupied by our troops—large cities will have to be fortified and garrisoned, and valuable trains will have to bs continually guarded and escorted from the coast to the capital. “Lo perform all these difficult duties will re- quire wt least 30,010 men, But the whole number now in the fleld does not reach this figure. It appears, therefore, to us to be, not only the wisest and most judicious, but the only course left to our gov- ernment, to concentrate all the troops not necessary for the garrisoning of the towns and depots in our posses- sion, upan the main point of our military operations, in order to secure and render more effective and ava'iable the hard earned fruits of victory. AFFAIRS IN THE CITY OF MEXICO, ETC. (From the New Orleans Times, Sept. 4,] The following letter from our intelligent correspon- dent, “Tar Bucket,” contains much that deserves pe- rusal, regarding recent events in Mexico, It should have wppeared yesterday, but press of matter, united with our being short handed, through the present epi- demic, absolutely precluded the pomsibility of getting it into our columns, It will be read with interest: — Vena Cruz, Aug. 25,1847, I have noticed the remarks of some of our contempo- varies, regarding priority of receipt of news. Have they got the following news, which | wrote you ten minutes after it arrived here, Ifso, | acknowledge the corn. It is this:—On the 23d inst ,at 10 A.M.,a friend of mine received the following letter from the capital, which I herewith annex: — “Mexico, Aug 14, 1847, “Dean Sin,—I drop you these few lines, not in the ex- pectation of their reaching you, as our roads are cover- ed with all sorts of guerillas and the Yankees, On the 10th inst., we were started from our desks by the report of asignal gun, Soon after, another and another, when ived the unpleasant news that Gen Scott and my were at the village of Penon,a distance of three leagues from our city. ‘This report created great excit ment amongstour inhabitants, and ® great many of th left the city. ‘This day (11th), the vanguard of General Scott came in sight of our city. It is supposed they were reconnoitering. We expect an attack in the rear of the city, where we are the least prepared for it; if so, our city must fall into the power of the Yankees, Our Na- tional Guards are very numerous, and seem di give a bloody reception to them. We discovere number of citivens taking arms, who had not done so since the time of the contest between the old Spaniards and the Mexicans, ‘This willbe the great epoch of our nation to redeem her character, or lose it forever. Our forces amount to about 60,000 men under arms; our stores are allclosed, and business at a dead stand, until this battle is over, ' Should wo conquer, there will be » great effusion of blood, “ Yesterday, the English house of Messrs. Manning & M'Intosh negotiated a large sum of money, to enable tho Mexican government to carry on the war, ‘ Yours,im haste, = —————" _ The next news I give you is that on the 23d, the French steamer of war came into Sacrificios, from Cam- achy, with the terrible news that the Indians of the the whole country, oi ing war to the abode of evi Mexiran, and deel sing thete independence. ‘Commodore Perry aud the English, French, and Spanish men-of-war, have left for Campeachy. It is evident that our govern- ment is to take charge of Yucatan, as the British govern- ment are at the bottom of all this, through the Balize Honduras, where they are supplying arms and amunition to the Mexicans. We no sooner got the above news than other dreadful accounts came from Alvarado, that the guerillas have also made an attack on our citizens, and destroyed many of them, with some French and Italians. We even here are daily expecting a simi- ler fandango, as our autuorities do not seem to be v much on the alert. The Mexicans come boy yond, balls, and other munitions, and fo out wil impunity. A few days ago, on the 19th, ‘apt. Seafield, one of our Louisiana volunteers, took four Mexicans, and four mules, loaded with frijoles, (or beans, in sacks) aa they were going out of the gate; when, upon examination, ay, running his sword into the sacks, he found they contained powder, balls, lead and other munitions, for the guerillas. But what caps the climax is, that the Americans sold them to our ene- mies! It is surprising that our government does not send here men of severer temper, or more decided pa- triotie character and love of country, who would not overlook any, the slightest dereliction’ of duty or con- duct, such as should become a citizen. There are too many foreigners and enemies of our country here, Major Clark, of the Ist infantry, died on the night of the 22d. When Doctor McFarland applied for a mattress for him (the latter) to sleep on in the castle, they say it was refused. I perceive there is an abundance of wines and other liquors here, for the sick, but, poor fellows, they do not want it long. Disease, when it attacks, makes short work of them. The ship Martha Washing- ton, Alexandria, Neptune, and brig Salem have arrived with troops ; also,the Spanish brig Martin, from Havana, with ten passengers who were allowed to land without giving security that they will not take up arms. The Spanish consul would not go their security, us he well knew they were destined forthe Mexican army. Pay- \ New Distribution of the Cultivation of the | Land..The Potato Disease. {From the London Economist. | Notwithstanding the contradictory accounts which | reach us from all quarters, as to the prospects of the Po: | tato crop, there docs not exist the slightest doubt that the same disease which proved s0 destructive last year has again made its appearance in the present season. ‘The diversity in the cpinionsexpressed, arises, n0 doubt, | in many cases, from the different modes in which the | examination of the plant has been conducted; for, in all cases in which the disease sas been discovered in its | theplant hasbeen as vigorous and green as the most | healthy plant, “Already, in our own experience, instances have occured {n which parties reside: | ferent parts of the kingdom, who within the last ten days, wrote that the crop was most promising, and alto- gether free of any symptom of the diaease, have since in- | formed us that it has made its appearance in procisely the same form aslast year, Aud in some instances,whery | the disease had only been discovered in its earlier stage, | weare now informed, that “where the stalks were in blossom, and appeared most healthy six days ago, they | are now 60 black and rotten asto break off with the | slightest touch.”? In another instance, where a eorres- pondent in the west of England, an able and experienced agriculturist,having the inanagement of extensive es- tates, only last week pronounced the crop, so fur, as per- fectly sound and healthy, has already sent us specimens, ofthe most unmistakeable kind, of the disease which has since broken out in the neighborhood. Our correspon- | dence with Scotland, the north and south of Ireland, and different parts of England, ee the west and north- west, leavesus no longer in the slightest doubt that the same disease has already made its appearance in all those districts. In most cases, too, it has now attacked the early potatoe, which, last year, escaped compara- tively uninjured, and, in 1545,’ entirely so. ‘There is, therefore, but one conclusion, we fear, that can be fairly arrived at—that the disease which master Reynolds went on shore from the United States ship American, and after having passed twelve days with the yellow fever, is now a sound man, on the 25th. Friday, 27th.—The Fashion came in last night, from Tampico. No news of any account more than you already have. The English steamer is now coming in from Tampico. There was @ report yesterday, that General Scott had taken the city of Mexico, after two days resistance. Some reports state that the Mexi- cans lost 6,000, the Americans 1,500 men, and the city much destroyed, and that the Mexicam troops retreated in good order out of the city, with twelve pieces of can- non. All this is‘Mexican exaggeration, We have the city safe enough, that’s certain. We shall have the truth of this by the English courier,on the 30th, who will bring details. We require asmalllow pressure, side- wheel steamboat here, one that is strong and powerful, for the purpose of towing vessels about the harbor, and boats, Sickness ison the decrease. The coffin-maker r day to the hospi- eather is getting says he only supplies seven coffins tals. I thiok this must be true, as t quite freshening with the northers, MILITARY Seana veaniiis The War Department made requisition, in July, on Mississippi for battalion of volunteers for the war, but up to our last dates but one company had reported itself ‘There was little or no prospect of raising the battalion. Governor Brown has issued a second proclamation ap- pealing to the patriotism of the Mississippians. Col. Fremont passed up the river yesterday on the steamer Josephine on his way to Washington oity.— Louisville Journal, Sept. 5. Lieut. Col Irvin, 6f Lancaster, hag beon elected colonel, Capt. Latham, of Columbus, lieutenant colonel, and Capt, Linek, of Circleville, major of the regiment Ohio volun- teers now encamped at Cincinnati. ‘The political friends of General Pieree say that he in- tends to move to the State of New York, after he returns from the wars, Governor Owsley has appointed the following gentle- men field officers in the third regiment of infantry, now raising in Kentucky : Manlius V. Thomson, of Scott county, Colonel. Thomes L, Crittenden, of Franklin co., Lt. Col. John C, Breckinridge, of Lexington, Major. ‘Two of these gentlemen are whigs, and the othera democrat, who is in favor of Gen. ‘Taylor for the Presi- dency. We learn that the officers for the fourth regiment will not be appointed for several days. The U.S. steam propeller T. R. Thompson, which ves- sel left New Orleans on the 21st ult. for the Brazos, with Capt. Clark’s company of Mississippi voluateers, put in- to Galveston on the 25th ult, for a supply of fuel. NAVAL INTELLIGENCE. [Correspondence of the N. O. Picayune.) Pensaco.a, September 1. Tho U.S. schooner Flirt, Lieut. Commanding Farrand, loft here this morning with important despatches for Vera Crus. ‘The patients at our U. 8. hospital are dafly becoming fewer, as the discharges from the sick list average two a das There are still at the hospital about 165 patients, three-fourths of whom may be considered as convalescent, and but one or two eases are dangerous, Report says that Capt. Keliy’s company of Florida volunteers, now in garrison at Fort Pickens, is ordered to ‘the seat of war, and will be off soon. Dr. D, C. MeLeod has relieved Dr. Spotswood as sur- geon of this yard. The latter will report for duty in the home squadron. News From Texas.—By the arrival at New Orleans on the 3d inst. of the steamship Yacht, Captain Crane, from Galveston the Ist instant, we have received papers from that port to the date of departure. ‘The following articles are from the Austin Democrat of the 2ist ult. :— Five companies of Col. Hays’ new regiment left San Antonio for Mier, on Friday the 13th inst. ‘The compa- nies of Captains Highsmith and Gillet, we believe, are the only ones of the regiment left on our frontier. The former is stationed for the present at Fredericksburg, and we are informed that the latter is to be placed at some point on or near the Nueces, not 7st designated. Lieut. Colonel Bell is now in command of the remaining frontier fores ‘Through the politeness of Capt. Highsmith, we have been favored with the perusal of a letter from San An- tonio, dated the 17th instant, in which it is stated, that some persons recently arrived in that place from Monte- rey, who brought the intelligence that Major Chevallie’s command had not long since been attacked by about eight hundred guerillas, and after a short skirmish, was compelied, from inferiority of numbers, to sound a re- treat; though as the writer of the letter from San An- tonio says, “not without giving a good account of them- selves” It is also stated, that there is @ large increase of the guerillas between Mier and Saltillo. The News of the 25th ult, says: “ Our accounts of the cotton crop from every part of the State continues ex- tremely favorable. Every planter is now engaged with his whole force in picking. The weather could not be better for gathering the cotton in the finest condition.” Extract of a letter, dated Marshall, Harrison county, August 3d, 1847: * The crops here are of luxuriant per- fection, and unprecedented abundance crowns the Ia- bors of the husbandman. Wealth and population are flowing in, and the whole country bears the marks of prosperity. “The election for governor is exciting some degree of interest among us, Yan Zandt has the popular strength throughout this Tegioy d his popularity is vancing with rapid strides.” Santa Anna, the principal chief of the Camanches, came into Fredericksburg on the 14th ultimo, and held a talk with Captain Grumbles, commanding the rangers there. He stated that he had feared a hostile attack from the Americans, which induced him to mor and take the women children of the tribe to @ place of safety. He said he knew that the Americans suspected his tribe of having taken or killed the four men of Hays’ me time since, and thought it prudent to take omen and children, so that they would be safe in case that there should be any troubles with the whites. the women and children to a place of security, he hastened to Frederickeburg, in or- der to explain to Major Neighbors, if he should find him there, the cause of his sudden d ture. He re- retted very much that Major Neighbors had left before fis arrival, and stated that he would hasten to the Trad- ing House on the Brazos, where he was told Neighboss had gone. He informed Captain Grumbles thet the four men of the surveying party were taken and subsequently killed by the Wacees, and that he was present at a dance over their scalps. He intimated the great necessi- ty of some seps being taken forthwith by the Ameri- cans, to put a stop to the depredations of the Wacoes; and stated his determination of causing them all to be killed by his own tribe, if the whites should fail to act in the matter immediately, inasmuch as the depredations committed by them were attributed to the Camanches. He professed the sincerest friendship towards the Amer- joans, and —e adesire to continue friendly. He has reoentiy m made Head Chief of all the bands of Camanches that are in the habit of hunting on our bor- der, and says he will, as far as possible, preserve peace with our people. He received a pass to enable him to go to San Antonio, whi e would repair to Torrey’s ‘Trading House to meet Maj any At Austin, they were making pap a for the com- ing session of the Legislature. dwellings are bein erected by some; others are repairi ainting, nd d some of ti hants are enlarging in order te make ample room for the extensive stocks of fall and winter goods, provisions, Kc., which they have 01 . The tavern-keepers are also busy in fitving up their premises and moving their houses, so as to be fully prepared to accommodate thore who may favor them with their patronage during the ensu- ing season, with all the comforts and conveniences that are necessary to give perfect satisfaction, 5 Murperen ner Two Huvsnanns.—We learn from the Cumberland Mountaineer that a foul murder was committed by a woman wy the person of her husband, some few days ago. This woman is the same identical Mrs, Frey, who was accused of bein; accessory to the murder of a former husband, (Mr. Frey) in the upper part of Alleghany county, Md, some two or three years since, and for which Wm. 8. Crise suffered death upon the gallows. She committed the foul deed while her husband was sleeping, by pouring hot lead in- to hisears, This last tragedy was performed in Penn- sylvania, and near the Maryland line, She is now con- fined in jail to await ber trial, The New York and Buffalo Telegraph Company have declared a dividend of 4 per cent. Ents is the second divi- dend which this company has declared within the year, besides a considerable anfount advanced in putting up the iron wire from New York to Utica, and in pr: sc business,and when compl ‘with the heavy wire, can- nterior of Yucatan, had killed every man and boy that called themselves Mexicans, and were marching through wire westward. The reer has done an exe not fail to be profitable stock. destroyed the crop last year has again appeared, with the same symptoms, and at a much earller period; and that there is every reason to apprehend a slunilar destruction of the crop, in proportion to the ex- tent to which it is planted. We take it as certain, too, that the disensehas not assumed a milder form, or’ that it is likely to be more partial, as has been suggested, from the fact of its making its appearance at an carlicr period. Looking to the experience of other countries, and of the last two yenrs in this country, the early appearance of the disease may be taken as an evidence of its increased virulence. When the disease becomes weaker, the strength of the plant is able longer to resist its influ ence, ‘This was found to be the case in Belgium last year, where it was, ina great measure, eradicated, and where mo trace of it was discovered till at least two rionths after our fields were blackened with the * rot.” Nor do we place much confidence in atmospheric influ- ences. Whether the season is alittle wetter or a little dryer, we do not believe will make any perceptible dif- ference, In the reports of the Commissioners of Patents, presented to the American Congress, in reference to this disease, which prevailed, virulently and exten- sively for three years, throughout the Union, they par- ticularly remark their inability to ascribe it to any ticular state of the atmosphere: for while, in some parts of the country, where there had been more rain than usual, it had been ascribed to that cause, they found that, in others, where the season had been particularly dry, the disease had been equally prevalent. ‘The ap- pearance of the disease at so early # period, and in some cases, already in so decided a form, is the best evidence that, as yet, it has lost none of its virulence. ‘The tiine, therefore, appears to have arrived, when it becomes necessary to consider what will be the probable effects of a failure of the potato crop to a corresponding extent as last year. In the first place, however, we would allude toa very valuable precaution which is be- ing extensively adopted in some parts of the north of Ireland, which may save farmers from much loss, where the failure of the crop turns out to be most camplate, It was found by experience, last year, that after the leaves and stalks of the plant withered, the root ceased to grow; but it was also found. that the potatoesleftin theground kept better than those which were dug. These facts have suggested simple precaution, which, we think, cannot be too extensively practised. It is—to drop, at this season, a few,turnip seeds between each potato plant, so that, in the event of the disease appearing, and the stems and leaves of the potato withering and decay- ing as they did last year, the roots may be left’ undug wotil the usual time, and a fair crop of turnips may be seoured in the interim, without exhausting the soil than if the potatoes had grown to their usual size, "7 practice, we are glad to hear, is already being adopted extensively in the north of Ireland. There are, however, many reasons which render a failure of the growing potato crop a matter of infinitely less consequence than in the two last years; and, princi- pally, the fact, that the quantity planted is much less than’ in former seasons. The new distribution of the cultivation of the soil of the United Kingdom, which has taken place in consequence of the exisvence of the potato disease, and the effects which that change must necessarily have upon the home supply of human food, under any circumstances, would be questions of the ut- most importance ut the present time, whether the potato crop promised abundance or the contrary. But this question, which in itself we consider of the greatest importance, looking to the food prospects of the country, derives additional importance from the prospect of a failure of the small portion of potatoes wich are planted. One of the most important questions connected with the potato disease, and its effects upon the distribution of the cultivation’of the soil, but. to which little atten- tion has hitherto been given, is the comparative numb rs that can te supported upon # given surface planted with potatees, and any other crop whatever that can be substituted in its place. Socially, pollttsally, and commercially, this question involves at the present mo- ment the greatest aud most important considerations.— ‘According to Arthur Young, the average produce of an ‘acre of potatocs in Ireland 18 82 barrels, which, at 20 stones (0 the barrel, 22,960 1b., or little more than ten Mr. M’Culloch, in his recent excellent work,“ A iptive and Statistical Account of the British Em- ” states that the produce varies from eight to twelve tons to the acre. Dr. Kane, in his admirable book on the “ Industrial Resources of Ireland,” states the lowest estimate to be nine tons to the acre ; and several private accounts which we have collected from Ireland, agree that a fair aad somewhat low estimate would be 80 bar- rels, or exactly ten tons to the acre. ‘The estimates as to the comparative number of per- sons that can be sustained upon an acre of potatoes and an acre of wheat vary considerably, according to differ- ent authorities ; some estimating an acre of potatoes 4s being equal to six acres of wheat, and others placing it ‘as low as one of the former to two of the latter. From a careful investigation of the subject, we believe the truth lies between these extreme estimates, and that one acre of average potatoes is capable of feeding, at the lowest estimate, as many persons as three acres of whe ‘Arthor Young estimates that 1 1b. of wheat is equal, in nutritive quality, to 5 Ibs, of potatoes. Mr. Newen- ham, to whose investigation great weight is attached, states that 3 Ibs, of good potatoes contain as much nu- tritive matter as 1 Ib. of wheat; and Mr. McCulloch adopts the medium of these calculations, in which we believe he is as near the truth as possible, for we find that the result of a succession of experiments, condu ed in the United States, by Messrs. Berry and Herrin, with the greatest care and precision, and officially com- municated to Congress in tke valuable report of the Commissioner of Patents, establishes the fact that the roportion of nourishirent between potatoes and wheat is three pounds of the former to twelve ounces of the latter, or as four pounds to one pound. If, then, we take the average produce of whext even as high as three quarters and a half to the acre, and that of potatoes at only nine tons to the acre, we shall have the following comparison :— 1 acre of potatoes produces 9 tons, or.. . .20,160 Ibs, 1 acre of wheut produces 34 qrs., at 60 Ibs. to the bushel, will give...- «eee 1,680 Ibe, But as 1 1b. of wheat is equivalent for nourishment to 4 lbs. of potatoes, the 20,160 Ibs, of potatoes produced on one acre will be equivalent only to 6,040 lbs, ot wheat; therefore, as one acre of wheat produces 1,680 Ibs of food, and an acre of potatoes 6,040 ibs of food, of the same intrinsic nourishment, it follows that one acre of land planted with potatoos, will support as many persons as three acres planted with wheat. We have not the same ot data for calculating the relative nourishment which bears to one of potatoes. But admitting, ats produce 8 quarters, or 64 bushels, to the acre, and that they weigh 40 Ibs to the bushel, each acre would give 2,60 Ibs. But 14 Ibs of oats yield orly about 9 Ibs of meal, of which | Ib is considered in Ireland an being equal to'about 3 Ibs of potatoes, which we consider an extreme estimate; but let us take it. One acre of oats, 64 bushels to the acre, and 40 Ibs to the bushel, will give 2,560 Lbs of oats, or, in the propor- tion ot 9 Ibs of meal to 14 Ibs of oats, 1,646 Ibs of meal, hen, One pound of oatmeal is equivalent in nourishing qual- ities to 3 Ibs of potatoes; consequently 1,645 Ibs of oat- meal, the produce of an acre, are equal to 4,939 lbs of po- | tatoes. Butas an acre produces 20.160 lbs of potatoes, it | follows, that one acre of land, cultivated with potatos, will support as many persons as four acres cultivated | with oats. ‘These calculations would, therefore, establish the fact, | that, in order to support a popalation on grain, who have hitherto lived upon potatocs, or to whatever extent the latter crop is abandoned, the surface of cultivation should be increased in the proportion of at least three acres of grain forevery acre of potatoes 40 given up. ‘The superior power of the potatoes to sustain life has, we be- lieve, been very much overlooked in considering the ques- tions connected,with the physical economy of the country during the last forty years. In the early part of the present century, the potato was cv'tivated by farmers, as an article of merchandise, to @ very limited extent; and even in 1815, when the Corn Laws were Hernia the cultivation bore a very small proportion to that of late years. It has often been used as an argument in favor of the protective system, that notwithstanding the rapid increase of the population from 1815, yet that in each aucoveding ten years, the average price of grain was lower than it had been in the preceding ten years.— From this it was inferred by the advocates of the corn laws, that the extension of cultivation, and the increased productiveness of the soil, were greater than even the progress of population. This broad assertion, though apparently borne out by the fact of the average lower price of grain, was, however, at direct variance with the state of the facts when inquired into minutely — Neither the increased breadth of land cultivated, nor the increased prodace per nore, supported the argu. ment. And now it is evident, wh 1 we come to investi- gate the relative power of a given sm neo to sup. port a population, wien cultivated with potatoe ¢ | food, during the last thirty- years, is, we beliey, carlier stages, the external and general appearanen of | food, during the fast thirty , veral | support a rapidly increasing population, even at » lower yr “lit | were price for grain, notwiths period that the potato has become article of comasree ia Scotland, in Yorkshine, wan elomg the south coast of England. In the manufacturing die- tricts it has been changed from being « mere garden ve- getable to one of the ohief crops of the farmer White this change has been going forward, according to the calculations which we have exhibited, the adoption of the potato, in place of ginin, was equivalent to convert= ng one acre into three acres of surface. Prastieally, the land under cultivation was extended in the propor tion ef three to ono, by this simple change. ‘The exten. sive adoption of the use of the potato, as an article of the true this country continued to tanding the restrictions to which it was subjected by the corn laws. But now comes the period of difficulty. = have the increased population, dependent upon this Sultivation for support. A similar ‘change has been going forward oa the continent ef Europe, where, in many parts, the potato is as much relied upon as in this country. Sud- bard the potato has failed. The abandonment of its cultivation to a great extent has become a matter of or- dinary prudence. ‘The reverse of what has been going forwaid during the last thirty years, suddenly place now. The extension of the cultivation of the pota- to has gradually added to the efficiency of the soil to eus- tain population in the proportion of three to one. The sud- den abandonment of the potato, in a great Segre, virta- ally now diminsheses the cultivated surface of Europe im thé same proportion. Whether the potato crop thie year, be good or bad, whether the disease exist or mot are certainly questions of great importance, but the great fact which must influence the condition of this country in particular, and of Eur extent to which the cultivation of t doned. On thie subject we have made minute enquiries.— From these we have come to the following results :— ‘Throughout the North of Ireland,'the quantity of toes planted in the present year is rather under above one-fourth; in some ern f the South, and South- east, nearly one-third of the usual quantity is planted, but in others it does not exceed one-fifth ; In the West, including the land not cultivated at all, the pro} of potatoes planted this year does not reach one-fourth: of the usual quantity : to put down the whole of Ireland at one-third is a full and extreme estimate. In Seot- land, in the extensive producing districts, the cultivation of the potato is nearly entirely abandoned. Many of the large growers in Fifeshire, Linlithgowshire, Stirlingshire and Perthshire; who in ordinary years cultivate 60 to 100 acres of potatoes each, have planted this year barely suf- ficient for the local consumption, in most cases vera from 2 to20 acres; in the immediate neighborhoo Dundee, Glasgow, other large towns, the proportion is larger ; but, taking the whole of Scotland, if we esti- the surface planted at one-fifth the usual quantity, we shall at least not exaggerate the deficiency. In Eng- land the pr: portions are much more various. In some neighborhoods we are intormed that the cultivation of po» tatoes in the present season equals one-half of the usual quantity ; in others, one-third; but generally, the pro- portions vary from one-fourth to one-sixth. If we as- sume one-fourth as the average, we believe we shall be near the truth. ‘The next question to be considered, then, is—What is the usual extent of land under potato cultivation in the United Kingdom? Inthe “Statistical Account of the British Empire,” Mr. M‘Culloch estimates the cultivation of “potatoes, turnips.and rape,” to extend over 2,000,000 acres in Eng- land; and feym inquiry, considering the great number of allotment gardens, and of small farms in the neighbor- hoods of large towns, we estimate that the potato occu- pies at least 1,200,000 acres of the 2,000,000. In the same work the cuitivation of potatoes in Scotland is estimated, at 200,000 acres, and in Ireland at 2,000,000 acres. The following table will, therefore show the quantity of land usually cultivated in each of the three kingdoms, the portions in cultivation in the present year, and the portions appropriated to other produce :— & Land usually Uneultivat sultivated with ted or oth- potatoes, Cultivated wise appro- this year. priated. Acres. eflcres. 300,000 ‘900, 40,600 160, 666,666 1,333,334 Totals... ... .3,400,000 1,006,666 2,303,334 By the most correet estimate, therefore, which can be formed, we thus see that 2,393,334 acres usually cultiva- ted with potatoes, are in the present year diverted to other purposes. As faras the question of human food is concerned, the next and one of the most im) t considerations connected with these remarkable facts, —What crops have been substituted for the potato? Im all large farms, where the usual courses of cultivation are observed, some other green crop must have been substituted for the potato. In Scotland, the greater tion of England, and in the north of Ireland, the chief substitute has been the turnip. AgRicux RAL ROOMS, LYCEUM BUILDING 561 Broadway York. New Yor HORTICUL' of the State Agricultural Society, held at Saratoga Springs, on the 13th’ of Sept. the American Agricaltaral ‘intion have changed the ume of hok their Exhibition to the 8th and 9th of Sept. All persons sirous of aiding the cause of Horticulture, are earnestly in- vited to exhibisspeninass of Flowers, Fruits, er Yoana! aud to compete for premiums. mes tay be ol of Mr.James Hogg; Beedamman, Se Broad ay, agente, the Roome—o fan} of the brineipal, seedame jew York, or of following Executive Committee -— Luther Bradish, Wm. Coventry H. Waddell, James Lenox, Shepherd Knapp, Theo, Frelinghuysen, ‘Archibald Hussell jyli or*re ‘HE SUBSCRIBER is grateful to the smoking public for is daily receiving o! them with the m what he prides himself . His agent at Havana will continue to tean be procured, snd at the lowem rates— importations, are some very choice, of the fal- eo 8 ram an, Od Zack, NESTED | HENRIQUES, auld s0tre 106 Broadway, cor. of Pi COLORED PAPERS, AND PAPER BOXES-Manu- factured by G. BACH, 49 Fulton street}N. ¥—Con- stantly ou hand; also, ‘assort ment of impoi French id German Colored Papers. All orders promptly executed, on tl oat reasonable terms. 21 30°m MOLAT'S SULPHUR BATHS, \No. 5¢ ¢ near Broad These Baths have been esta he Inst eare,and are the only Sulphur Bath are highly recommended by the most emi= for the cure of rheumatism, salt rheum, chro- ruptions ofthe skin, &e.. por Baths also xivea daily, from 8 A.M, to8 22 Sore RNITURE WA ED.—Ladies and Gentlemen having any east off or su fluous clothing or furniture to dispose of, can obtain a fair price for the same, by sent ote, or bY calling on the ‘sub- scriber, at his residence, or igh the post, which will be punetually attended to, g ; E, BOER, 7134 Canal street, up stairs. N. B. Ladies can be attended to by Mrs. De Boer. ce) jocrigtion, aft 30 re stock gad job goods bought, of an LE SHIRT WAREHOUSE, No. 4 omplain “Medicated Va PM arnount. door from ham, where may be a ment of Shirts, o| quality, made fryer, and of superior workmanship. Fancy and Plain Linen Maslin nnd common Shirts, constantly on hand, id Westera merchants ited to” call before purchasing. JOHN WOO Pa a Fla }¥10 66t*rre NALYSIS OF BEAUTY—T. the face al A Nara, and the complomesta of ueenty,, says. Winkler y; hair ought to crown man, the apostle of beauty, U re~ e temples, describing a pot ofa wutiful persons, This form nt Thi opriate to all ideal heads. On this poi The mune opmion. with, Wankleman an the aacients thought the hair produced » very bad effect if it descended so low as to hide the forehesd. Lucian, designing to represent in the most ludicrous mani ‘of an ug n of our modern Broadway belles or an Esquimaux Indian, remedy, however, is fortunately at hand, and triumphs o Nature; and the world renowned Poudre ‘Subtile, tion of Uiat ingenjous chemist, Dr. Felix Gourand, will cate every fibre of superfluous hair Tincreter ore ed, ani play the hidden beauties and intellectual devel Cither male or female foreheads. be sure an hujne preparation, aud that is to be procured, at the only depot in New York, 67 Walker street, first store Broadway. 0017 300? mm fi Yorsale at 9 Liberty street, ‘Two or caer framed, for s 4 real pictures, Iaudaeapes, Ke. May be seen every y tom Grill o'clock. Bona aa 8 ‘A026 301 re PARISIAN DECORATIVE UPHOLSTERY, © F,, Materials, we—‘The Subscribers have now ia store fall stock of Upholater: joods, Furnitur IN ern Connie ob avery erdiels ta tants thas ant whieh they offer at wholesale and revail prices, lower than can be purchnsed at any other establishment in the city. From their stock, which embraces the largest assortment of De Laines, Brocatels.Ulushes, Lampas Gimps, Tassels ke, Ke. or NGS—A small collection of rare PAN ie old istera, perv order, wa merghants enn supply themsely: hay We are als sortment of French Paper Hang patterns of | raved. Window Shad ich having been pure season and imported under the present rate of duties, embrace the best assorted and cheapest variety ever brought into the eountry. WOLOMON ; frpurters and Manufacturers. of Upholstery Goods, Paper Hating aud Window Shades, 203 Broad gppaaie the A 1) the asaortine nt of O ‘aces aps ue Aste Broadway (Coliseum Building) y red ice scomprising nee ee _Ryroaches, Bugew ' Wagons. Also, anew style ¢ fexrriages, for two tons, of four with and without tops; together with ‘late ausprtment of hare, al $e 10 . 8. ROG) Rocknways, GQODS=¥ A ARTAULT. Lafayette Bazaar, 149 11 Broadway, ap has juat imported a suitable stock for fall trade, which he offers to merchants on encouragi v xes, fine fans, cut s a « imery, jewel = ey fine the mot id and varied stool Rocagto be for this city. Country mere! to eal. W ONSERFUL DISCOVERY —Stri the Hair, whieh will e color in a few, et offered. com. jared with grain, that the rapid extension ‘which has cen place in the cultivation of the former, during the last thirty years, isthe real explanation of the graduel reduction ig the price of grain. It has been during that ill core w ie C ny, jowery. iker’s, 4Cs tine eae simed