The New York Herald Newspaper, September 8, 1847, Page 2

NEW YORK HERALD. — New York, Wednesday, September 8, 18947. Meeting of the Legislature. The Legislature of this State will begin its special session at twelve o'clock to-day. We shall receive daily telegraphic reports of its pro ceedings. The Corn Trade. We call the attention of our readers generally, and of those engaged in the corn trade particu- larly, to the money article in this day’s paper. It contains an exposition of the ways and means used to inflate prices for breadstuffs in Europe, and a statement of the exportation of flour and grain to Great Britain from this country during the past three years. SS Affairs of La Plata. We have received another letter from our spe- cial correspondent in Buenos Ayres, from which our readers will learn in an authentic shape, that the negotiations for the withdrawal of the French and English fromthe quarrel between the Buenos Ayrean and Montevidean governments have ended in nothing, and that Rosas is deter- mined not to be forced into doing any thing that he considegs not right or proper. Thus has ended, as our correspondent says, another chapter in the farce of the peacemaking mediations. We insert immediately after our correspon- dent’s letter, a review of this troublesome affair, which is copied into the British Packet, of the 26th of June, from the Gaceta. ‘We have taken pains from time to time to keep our readers informed of the progress of this armed intervention by France and England, in the affairs of La Plata, and we are sure that our readers will agree with us, that a more ridicu- lous proceeding by strong powers towards weak ones was never perpetrated. For the in- domitable energy which Rosas has displayed, and the unintimidated front which he has so un- remittingly presented to those insolent interlo- pers, he 1s deserving of all praise. He has shown himself to be possessed of the spirit requisite to success on such an occasion, and will yet weary out both the French and the English. There is every reason to believe that these governments are aware of the false step they committed, when they first undertook to interfere, and when they found that there was no probabi- lity of their being successful in accomplishing what they expected, they have been await- ing an opportunity to withdraw themselves from it with as little disgrace as possible. They wanted some concession which smacked of re- ality, but Rosas would not grant it. They now find themselves exactly where they were when they commenced, and we doubt not, have re- ceived a lesson which will prevent them from interfering with business that does not concern them hereafter, in that quarter, at all events. If it were necessary to adduce any grounds to prove that these two governments acted from the beginning in bad faith, the proffered friendly mediation of the United States, which they re- jected on the silliest ground, is sufficient. When our chargé, on the part of his government, offer- ed his good services, the agents of those govern- ments refused to confer with him, on the ridi- culous ground that as he was only a chargé, and they fully accredited ministers, it would be derogatory to their dignity to confer with him; as if, indeed, a chargécould not have as much brains as a minister. They have had reason since, however, te do so, and do now, no doubt, repent their refusal, for there is no question that they wish to back out of the intervention as speedily as they possi- bly can, but with as little disgrace as possible attaching to them. SreaMpoat aNp Raturoap Routes.—We sug- gested to the owners of railroads and steamboats a few gays since, the difficulty which strangers and travellers experience in procuring accurate Arrival of a Sardinian CorvetteThe Oject her visit to America. » The Sardinian corvette Aurora, arrived at this port early yesterday morning. She came up in the forenoon, fired a salute and anchored off the Battery, The following interesting account of her, we received from C. Edwards Lester, Esq., the American Consul at Geooa. The Aurora came from Genoa. , Genoa, 10th July, 1847, L’Aurora, now lying in the beautiful bay of Genos, will lift ber anchor this evening for the New World— the first Sardinian man-of-war we believe, that ever vis- ited New York. I give you alist of her officers, and a short account of the object of her voyage. The Aurora corvette isa naval school ship, of 500 tons, carrying 8 guns, 118 men, 25 naval scholars who rank as midshipmen, and 7 officers, viz.: The Marquiss Hipolito Spinola, Captain; Sig. Cavaliere Mantica, 1st Lieutenant; (sola, 24 Lieutenant; Marquis Della Chiesa 3d Lieutenant; Du Nau, Master; Sertorio, Chaplain; Pagano, Commissario; Piconi, Professor of Mathematics; Gaffodio, Surgeon; and Sig. Pongiglione,who has charge of the school. ‘The object of the voyage is exceedingly interesting.— ‘The naval school at Genoa is probably the best regulated in the world. There are twenty-five young men in it who are distinguished either for the nobility of their family, the military service their fathers have rendered the State, or for their own talents, ‘I'he Marine College stands on a commanding position in the city of Genoa, overlooking the town and the enchanting bay, andevery facility is provided by the government for the education of thescholars. They are educated for the sea, and for the world. A full-rigged man-of-war stands in the court yard &f the college, where the young signorini can make their first essays in seamanship, without being subjected to the inconvenience of salt water, for the ship stands some 200 feet above the sea. The most accomplished pro- fessors are engaged, and the schelars are most thoroughly trained in mathematics,navigation, and foreign languages, the latter being @ branch of education which is culpably neglected by our Government. | have seen in Genoa an American fleet of 2000 men, and among all the officers, there were hardly enough who understood either French or Italian to act as interpreters. After the annualexami- nation, each year, the scholars are sent to sea five months, for the double purpose of learning practical seamanship and navigation, and to visit foreign coun- tries. While at sea tneir duties are very severe. With- out distinction they are obliged to do the work of com- mon sailors in every part of the ship, to continue their regular svudies, to keep their reckoning, to make their | calculations, and to keep complete’charts of the voy- age, which are laid before the king on the return of the ship. It is impossible that such » system should not give the Sardinian marine a most accomplished corps of navalofficers—men who are fully capable at s very early age, of commanding the largest vessels in any sea, and of representing their sovereign with honor in every for- eign comtry. And yet, as desirable as this system of naval education may be, we much doubt if it could be easily introduced ‘among us. Weare afraid our young republicans would revolt against so severe a discipline. This system ofthe King of Sardinia has been admired throughout Europe and won for his Majesty the praise of being a wise and provident Prince. The course of studies lasts five yearr, when the young graduates are raised to the rank of passéd midshipmen, and immediately transferred to act- ive and uninterrupted service at sea for two or three years, When this term expires they are subjected to another searching examination, and if they come off with honor, they are promoted to lieutenants in the royal marine. Every year the Marine College is transferred to the sea for a cruise offive months, in which there are im- mense advantages. These young men in shert jackets aré already accomplished gentlemen and sailors. They have seen many countries,and they speak several lan. guages. Last year, under the same able commander, the Marquis Spinola, they made a voyage to England and sailed around the British islands,visiting all the naval ports, arsenals and magazines of that great naval power. The previous year they visited Greece, Turkey, the Black Sea, and the shores and cities of the Mediter- ranean. These voyages are made, too,in the most beau- tiful season of the year, and in the spring time of life, when the most permanent and the most powerful im- pressions we ever receive are excited, and when the mind and the character yield with grace and flexibility to every new passing object. ‘There is something peculiarly interesting in the de- parture of these twenty-five young Italians from the birth place of Columbus, for the distant land that great and reliable information as to the routes they wish to travel, and the propriety of their adver- tising their respective routes in some one paper, no matter which. Since we made that suggestion, we have been informed by Mr. John Doggett, jr., the publisher of the Directory, that he is collecting informa- tion, and making other preparations, to publish a work which will embrace all necessary infor- mation for the travelling public, on the plan of Bradshaw’s Railway Guide, a work published in England, and of great value. This work we are assured, will contain the hours of departure, routes, fares, distances, freight rates, &c-, on every railroad in the United States, which he is now collecting, through agents employed for the purpose. We ure much in want of such a work in the United States. For years past travelling has been increasing, and the only means of obtain- ing information has been from agents and run- ners, whose business and interest are to misdi- rect and puzzle the traveller for the purpose of shavingBhim of his money. The depreda- tions which this class of people commit on the travelling public cannot be overrated. The un- fortunate emigrant, with money enough to take him to the West, where his friends and relatives have settled before him, has been robbed of his last dollar, and left pennyless ina strange city. Our own citizens, too, have been victimised by these men, and it is because we are sure the work in question will obviate these rascalities, that we are happy in announcing the forthcoming publication. aN Movements or General TayLor.—We have on many occasions informed the public that it was not contemplated by General Taylor to move from his present quarters for some time to come at least not until after the results of General Scott’s movements in another quarter were as- certained. The Southérn journals, especially such of them as are Whig, cannot, or will not un- derstand it, for we perceive they are from time to time announcing the intention of the old Ge- neral to move to San Luis Potosi and other places, and finding fault with the administration for tak- ing from him some of his troops. Such a com. plaint has recently been made because two regi- ments, to be added to the force under General Scott, have been taken from him, making eleven regiments in all since Scott was directed to Vera Cruz and thence to the capital. For the information of those journals we can tell them that no blame can be attached to the ad- ministration in the premises. It was at General Taylor’s own suggestions to the war department that he has remained so long on the defensive ; and when making it he informed the war depart- ment that in addition to the troops previously taken from him, he could spare two regiments, and have force sufficient left to enable him to act on the defensive with security. We would further remark that a perfect under- | standing exists between the old hero and the go~ vernment at Washington, and that no movement of the latter, as far as he is concerned, is made without his consent being given, or indeed with- out his opinion being first obtained. ARRIVAL oF THe SovrHERNER.—This fine coast steamer, under the command of Capt. Berry, ar- rived yesterday morning at her usual time from Charleston. She moves with the regularity of clock-work. She has brought intelligence trom New Orleans twenty-four hours in advance of the mail. navigator discovered. In their veins flows the same warm blood that coursed through the heart of that im- mortal hero—they have been born under the shadows of the same bold mountains, and in youth looked off onthe same blue sea, and each one has the last night dreamed of that far off land over the deep, with its warm hearts and bright eyes They havea right to expect a cheer- ful and fraternal welcome; nor can I doubt they will receive it. Their absence is limited to five months, and they will stay but a short tinie among our citi- zens. Many of our cers, icularly of Commo- dores Morgan, Morris and Smith’s fleets, will long re- member the warm, hearty, and open, cheerful homes of Genoa, The hospitable and princely entertainments of the Governor of Genoa—the magnificent wines of the casino of the he elegant soirees of the Marquis de Negro—the enchanting strains of Carlo Felice—will always recal bright days to the memories of our gallant officers who had the good fortune to sail under those well known commanders. A fact has come to mv knowledge which does great credit to the government of his Majesty the King of Sar- dinia, and that of the United States. me nine years ago, when the King fitted out the Regina, for a scientific voyage around the world, an order was issued from the American President, to all our foreign naval stations, to extend to that expedition every possible courtesy, aid, andattention. And, in fact, this order was literally and fully obeyed, for, on the return of the Re ina, such a re- port was made to his Majesty as induced him to issue a reciprocal order to extend particular courtesy in every part of the world to American vessels. Here, too, in these waters, which are so much frequented by our ‘na- tional vessels, we have had abundant reason to know that the most hospitable and generous reception has ‘The Marquis Spinola, who ds the Aurora, had j Marquis Spinola, who comman charge of a similar expedition to England last year, and a better selection could hardly be made. He enue one of the most ancient and noble families of Genoa, which had distin, ed itself in the service of the re- public, long betore the times of Columbus. He is a gen- tleman every way fitted to represent his sovereign, and the beautiful land which gave him birth. You must not regard the Aurora asasample of the king’s navy, except in her officers, college crew and discipline. She is 01 because she is well adap- . The San Michele, 00d teal of admiration—or any of the king’s steamers—but | hope the Aurora may be, as its name imports, onl: the harbinger of s brighter day of commere! naval, and “Bucial relations between America and Genoa, The kingdom of Sardinia is now in a ca- reer of rapid advancement ; and the completion of the railroad from Genoa to Lake Constance, which 4s tunneling the Appenines, will introduce s new era in its Our relations with this state most friendly kind, and as ther: en no distant probability that these harmonious relations will ever be disturbed, it becomes every Sardinian and every American to do what he can towards the mutual inter- change of the wants and the courtesies of civilization. Truly yours, saestniceeenpen eee eT ee “A Lirrtzs More Grave, Carrain Brace.” — This is one of the thousand and one sayings that have been attributed to General Taylor since the breaking out of the war with Mexico, some of which are very good in their way, and some unworthy of him or any other high-mind- ed man. We were informed a day or two since, by a gentleman, who knows, that the old General never made use of the expression at the head of this article, nor of any of those which have been laid at his door. He is represented as remark- ably plain and unassuming, and not in the slightest degree disposed to indulge in slang or vulgarity. The only slang that is told of him, which has a mixture of truth in it, is that rela- ted of him when he received Gen. Scott’s letter taking from him his brave volunteers, who ac- complishedsuch wonderfully brilliant achieve- ments under his direction. He really did act as is represented onthat oceasion. He didactually put mustard in his coffee and sugar on his meat, when he read it, and it was some minutes before he recovered his wonted composure, which, however, soon followed, and then his brow was as clear as ever. “A little more grape, Captain Bragg,” is very good, but not very true. Stu. Avxornen Anti-Rext Ovtrace.—On Wednesday night lost, some desperadoes went to the farm occupied by Mr. James Weeks, in Taghkanio, It fa said that the remains of Mr. Fox, late British nister at Washington, will not be sent to England, as me but will be interred in the Con- Cobban baryon gent’ A gvatenss: hes Neos oe jected, who, with Mr. elect 4 proper location fur A gentleman has been se. tou, Charge de Affaires, will «cave, formerly oecupied by one of the Finkles, and shot bis | working cattle, tho one in the shoulder, the other in the | neck, rendering them useless; cut and burnt up his wa. IY lt ye and A and ae his mt d other implements of hus — | Gawemte, 7th inet, ’ igi ‘Theatrical and Musical. Panx Tueatax.—‘ Metamora, the last of the Wampe- noags,” was performed lastnight at the Park, Mr. Forrest appears to good advantage in the character of Metamo- ra. The play was written for him and we believe he alone has ever undertaken to play the principal part. The audience never show @ want of interest during the performance of this excellent Indian tragedy ; the plot is made up of a combination of interesting incidents, elaborated from historical facts. It is pew My that the author who gave the world “ Metamora” had not written | and published more than he did. The afterpiece last | night was “ Love, Lawand Physic,” a capital farce, which was well played and enthusiastically received. 'Basa’s personation of Lubin Log ia a capital thing and well worth going a mile or two tosee. Mr. G. Anurewsin the character of the Yorkshire serving man makes a good thing for the stage. ‘To-night Mr. Forrest is to appear as Macbeth. Paumo’s Orena Hovse—Tue Ravets.—The artist who makes the greatest attractionin the troupe, Gabriel Ravel, takes bis benefit to night, and his bill is decidedly superior to any otherthat has been presented this sea- son, The entertainment will commence with the En- glish vaudeville, called, “The Three-faced Frenchman,” in which Gabriel will personate five characters; after which he will dance on the tight rope a “Scotch ee suel ;”” to be succeeded by the celebrated “ Bolero of Ca- diz,” by Mad Leon Savelli and Mons. H. Wells. The whole fo conclude with the comic pantomine of “Vol au- Vent,” in which Gabriel Ravel sustains the comic cha- recter of Vol-au-Vent, and exbibits his extraordinary performances, introducing the “La Barre Cerrique,’ crossing the stage ona pole fifteen feet high, the most dificult and daring act ever attempted, The rest of the characters by the whole of the Ravel Family. No doubt the house will be crowded from pit to dome. ‘This ele- gant acrobat deserves » bumper. CuaTHaM Tueatee.—Mr, Fletcher, the manager of the Chatham, has every reason to be proud of the result of bis endeavors to please the public, Asa caterer for their amusement, his reputation is all that he could de- sire, and all that is necessary for him to do to receive & continuance of the extensive patronage he is receiving, is to continue in the course he has commenced, and on all occasions evince s determination to please. Those two much admired ers, Miss Clark and Mr. Wal- cott, will appear this evening in the comedy of “ The Follies of a Night,” and the drama of * Charles the Twelfth.” After these pieces the laughable farce of “State Secreta” will wind up the evening's amusements. ‘This isa bill that will certainly fill the house. Castie Garpen.—The opera of “Romeo and Jullet,” which was to be performed last evening by the Hispano- Italian company, was not presented in consequence of Signorina Tedesco’s sudden illness. ‘The opera of “Som- nambula’? was substituted, and although Signori Caranti was notin very good .voice, she sang with her wonted sweetness. Perilli was suffering from hoarseness, and this is not to be wondered at, when it is taken into con- sideration that the strongest and most repeated parts are located upon the talent of this fine tenor. L. Viti was perfect in his style, and received unbounded plause. We do not know what will be the bill fer this ing, perhaps “Romeo and Juliet.” Jf so, there will be a crowded house, ‘Vinainta Senenavers.—We must not omit to ac- quaint the public, and particularly that portion who have been amused with the performances of the Virginia Serenaders, at the Minerva Rooms, that this evening is set apart for the benefit of Massa Myers, fiddler to the company, and one of the best, as he certainly is the fun- niest of itsmembers. There is a glorious bill set apart for tne occasion, one that will ensure a full house, and good returns. ¥Vincinia Minstaers.—Dumbledon’s celebrated band of Ethiopian Serenaders, are performing in Boston nightly, to crewded houses, We are informed that they will soon visit this city, the scene of their first triumphs, where a welcome reception awaits them. Peeper Orena Troure.—This excellont company of minstrels continucs at the Apollo Rooms where they per- form to very respectable houses, and receive a full share of appihuse, They improve very rapidly, and possess the knack of pleasing their audiences in perfection. It will be seen by the bill that they premise some rich fun this evening. Herz anv Sivoni.—These accomplished professors of music, will give a grand concert’ at the Atheneum, in Troy,to-morrow evening. They have issued a programme containing ® selection of the pieces, in ‘performing which they are so celebrated. On the following evening they will give s similar concert in Bleecker Hall, Albany. We have only to remind the citizens of these places that this will be the last opportunity they will ever have of hearing these ceiebrated musicians. Granp Concert.—Mr.W. A. King,whose musical abili- tiesas an organist and pianist of the most scientific char- acter, gives a concert to-morrow evening at Patterson; he will be assisted by Miss Watson, » very excellent vo- calist, Mrs. W. A. King, and Mr. Cooke, the violinist, whose professional character, while in the South, has been 40 favorably spoken of. Mr. Wm. A. King, as a [pipennclog music, has many admirers, and, no doubt is concert will be well patronised by the votaries of mu- sical excellence. Paorrsson Risuey.—This celebrated professor of gym- nastics, who has earned a high fame in Europe, is about to visit this country. He is to sail from Cherbourg on the 3ist inst.,in the French steamer Union. Mr. R. has performed before most.of the royal familles of Eu- rope. At St. Petersburgh he was a great favorite, and at Paris he has a host of friends Our sight-seeing public will, no doubt, be pleased to welcome him to our oty. The Broadway Theatre at Albany opened on Monday evening. § Mr. Dempster is about to give a concert at Salem. John Godone the composer, son of Mr. Godone of New York, is at present in Italy, at the Royal Conservatoire of Naples, pursuing his studies, under the care of the Maestro Mercadante Brooklyn City Intelligence, Suppen Deatu.—The Coroner was called to hold an inquest, yesterday, on the body of a German woman, who suddenly expired in East Brooklyn. On his arrival, he learned that s physician had been attending her for three or four days previous to her decease, from whom he gots certificate, and therefore declined holding the inquest. Buniars in THE City.—We are glad to learn that the Common Council ha it length taken this matter in hand. At their sersion, on Tuesday evening, Alderman Smith made a report upon the subject of the communi- cation of the health physician. He stated that the ound atthe Wallabout, belonging eral reigious lemominations, (as well as Potters-field) was so densel: filled with bodies, as to become detrimental to the heal of those living in the neighborhood. The committee Proposed to have an ordinance passed, to take effect one Pom from the present rey my ibiting interments with- in a distance of two miles the city. The motion was finally adopted. Police Intelligence, Madame Restell —Officer Brown and Bowyer, two of the Chief's aids ean or on # bench warrant, issued by ie Court of ions, Madame Restell alias Caroline Lohman, she having been indicted by the Grand Jury on a charge of manslaughter in the 2d degree, in causing an abortion upon the person of an interesting young woman. The accused was conducted before the court and bail required in the sum of $10,000 for her appearance for trial. John M’Keon, Eaq. the district attorney, is determined to follow this case to aconviction. Charge of Stabbing.—A desperate man, by the name of Charles Bell, was arrested on Monday, on @ charge of stabbing Doctor Wheeler three times successively with a dirk drawn from a cane, inflicting wounds of a serious nature. Officer Hoffman, of the 16th ward, was called to take the desperado into custody, and in doing #0, & violent blow was aimed at him which luckily struck on the star, thus saving his life. This instance shows how necessary it is for policemen to wear the star, which is worn on the side opposite the heart, for had it not been there the dirk would have penetrated and cavsed his death. Justice Roome committed the aceused tor trial on the charge. Charge of Munslaughter.—Officer Williston of the Fourth ward, arrested on Monday night, an Irishman by the name of David Regan, on @ charge of knocking » man by the name of Timothy Coyley, while in a fight. off the deck into the river, and before assistance could be obtained the man was drowned. It appears that Regau and Copley ‘were engaged piaying at cals ter house {n South street, when a dispute arose reapect- ing who made the last move, and from words they came to biows, when it was finally, agreed to settle the matter on the dock, so at it ov. went, ending by Regan knock. lng Coyley off his legs Into the river, aud as supposed being stunned from the effect of the blow, together with liquour, he sank to rise no more alive, for in the course of an hour the body was found lifeless. Justice Drinker locked the accused up for a further hearing. Charge of Grand Larceny,—Officer + earing of the 7th ward arrested yesterday # wi man called Emeline Ben- nett, on & charge of steuling $60 from McDonard Facey Detained for examination by Justice Ketcham, sArrest_on a Bench Warrant.—Officer Bloom, of the Chief's office, arrested yesterday on a bench warrant, # man called Hugh Monogan, he having been indicted on five complaints of burglary in the third degree, He was locked up tor tri Dishonest Porter.—A German by the name of August Stellhausen.« porter in the employ of Mr. David W. Pey- sey, No 363 Brondway, was arrested yesterday on » charge of robbing his employer of eight pieces of silk braid, 30 lbs of worsted, topetiier with othe ticles, taken at different times, valued in all searching his residence a portion of the stol iy was found in his him up for trial. Grand Larceny.—Officer Garrison of the Ist ward ar- reated yesterday © weman, called Jane Snow, on a charge of stealing a silk dreas,a shaw! and several other articies of wearin "y 1, Valued in all at $52 50, the propercy of Mary F. Niven, residing at No. 53 Greenwich street, Justioe Drinker locked ber up for trial. Arrest of Hog Thieves.—OMcers Horton, Parmlee and Smith, of the 5th ward, arrested yesterday afternoon, in Broadway, noar Reed street, iwo men, called Bill Lowns and Jonas Smith, they having picked up in the street @ live hog, valued at $3, belonging to Mr. Halsey, butcher, which they were carting down Broadway at a good pace, when brought to by the officers, They ure voth noted for this species of larceny, and consequently Juetice Drinker locked them both up for trial, mn pro possession. Justice Drinker lucke: At the commencement of Bowdoin College, at Bruns- wick, lust week, the honorary degres of ferred on Samuel Vaughan’ Merrick, Faq. of Philadel. hia, Georgo I’. Merrick, Eaq., of New Orleans, and Hudson | Evans, Gardii | Portiend, and A. M, was cone | Horricucrunat Exniarrion.—The Hortieultural As- sociation will hold their great Horticultural Exhibition at the Lyceum, in Broadway, to-day and to-morrow. It will be @ splendid affair, and will probably equal any ever seen in Boston or Philadelphia, Tur Weatnen.—We had an agreeable cool sort of day during the early part of ueartay. The thermo- met ratood at 70 degrees at 12 o'clock, at the Northern Hotel fuot of Courtiandt street, and at the same hour at Delatour’s & Co., Wail street, at 76 degrees. The day became somewhat warmer at about 3 o’ciock, and the evening was cool and agreeable. Fa.t Busivess.—The vast number of merchants from ail parts of the Union, shows that the fall business is about to set in with much spirit and animation. The hotels are crowded upjam and the merchants down \d in all parts of the city, are actively engaged in the sales of their goods and merchandise. We anti- cipal oy. splits fall business, of which the stores give strong indications. Wuene ane tHe Curnese?—We were informed yes- ferday that the Captein of the Chinese Junk cannot leaye here as soon as bi ted, and that that vessel will probably remain here a few days lo have been epg im seeing bi chance to do so left, We learn that the C sloped esterday from the junk, and intend to return home in a few days. American InstituTe.—Fanmens? Cuvs, Tuespay, 7th Sert.—This being the first Tuesday of the month, the Farmers’ Club assembled in respectable numbers in the Hall of the Institute. The Hon N. Burchard, to whom the Institute,is indebted for the admirable and el address on the subject of Agriculture the previou: ing, at the Mechanics’ Hall, Broadway, was unanimous- ly voted to the chair, when the Secretary opened the de- snore Coane by reading an extract on Botany, from the annals of the Horticultural Review, of Paris He also read the result of the proceedings of the com- mittee appointed at @ previous meeting. to further and more minutely explore the qualities of the soil of certain parts of Long Island, and the highly gratifying results of their observations on the farm of 30 acres, purchaged at $300 an acre, tilled, and profitably tilled, by two brothers of the name of Cooper, whose skill and practical know- ledge have, in a very short space of time, displayed a muneration, almost incredible. A treatise on thirty- seven different species of grasses, and the respective pro- perties of each, was read ; each clase of grass was speci- ally enumerated—many foreign, others domestic. Mr. Leeshman read & long and interesting paper upon the progress of Agricultural Schools in Germany, of which ¢ been ® pupil, exhibiting’ in glowing terms the moral, political, socisl, and civil advantage to be derived from similar institutions in this country, sustained by the government, and adopted for purposes thet must render this country as independent of politi- cal contingencies asthe system had proved itself to be when Germany was thrown upon her own internal re- sources, at the termination of the last war, in the for- mation of schools, the practical knowledge of agricul- ture, its identity with science and its general moral in- fluence on the destinies of man ‘The remarks of Mr. Leeshman were listened to with deep interest, and when generally diffused must show that as kings and empe- rors have been the nursing fathers of agriculture abroad, the stern recom: by our jome, legislatures of the present prosperity of the Union as shall be to the stability of the Constitution. stance Mr. Leeshman has contributed his experience in the various countries he bas visited, and neglect ior a moment upon this important measure, or coldness, or political bias, is a responsibility of serious magnitude. A method adopted by Mr. Williamson of raising me- Jons was read, by which melons cannot only be raised three weeks earlier, but will produce the amount of $40 a hundred, while the old pian will only reach from $10 to $16. Our limits Gp mrarnel will not justify the inser- tion of the process he describes, The attention of the club was drawn by General Chandler to Jennison’s Patent Diaphragm Filterers, applicable to the farming community, as well as to the whole human family. eae filters can be attached to any hydrant, and will yield a stream of pure water equal to 100 gallons hour, or under @ preagur. of eight feet head will deliver a gallon a minute. The filterer is pro- duced by ground quartz, and pressed so hermetically as to defy the transit of the least sediment, or any earthly or vegetable matter. For the watering of cattle in the Mississippi, Croton, Schuylkill, or any otner rivers, they possess to foeders of cattle infinite advantages, while by this simple contrivance the human family are exempt from the dangers and consequences of using impure water. The invention received the unanimous appro- bation of the Club, as it already has of the chemists and physicians of the city, and forms an object of utility to every house-keeper. After some unimportant matter, the regular subject of the day, * Whether the value of land was deteriorated by the clearing ef the timber,” (as specially applicable to the projected improvements on Long Island) was taken up, but being & subject that demended a closer and more lengthened analysis was interrupted by the legitimate time for adjournment, and will be no donbt resumed upon s future occasion. InteLuicesce is wanted of the whereabouts of the Mammoth Scotch Boys. See advertisement in another part of the paper. Law Intelligence, Surreme Covat—Sert. 7—In Equity—Before Judge Edmonds,—Isaac Adriance vs The Mayor and Commen Council of the city of New York.—Io tuls cause s mo tion was made on the part of the plaintiff yesterday morning for an injunction, to restrain the defendants from drawing certain sums of money out of the City Treasury. laintiff caused his bili to be filed in the Court of Chancery in the month of March last, which states, amongst other things, that complainant is a free- holder of the city and couaty ef New York, and is the owner of @ large quantity of real property therein, to the amount of several thousand dollars, on which he is annually assessed and taxed by the laws of this State to a large amount—that the amount assessed on his proper- ty for the year 1846, exceeds the sum of $100—that the Aggregate umount, as well as the ratio of the taxes 80 as- sessed and levied annually, had been greatly increased every succeeding year for several years past—and that such assessments and taxes have been greatly increased by various appropriations of the public moneys of the city and county, for objects and purposes of expenditure unauthorized by law, and to defray expenses not legally chargeable to said city—that under pretence of the au- thority of the 18th section of the act of 1530, the de. tendants are in the practice of frequently appropriating largesums of money from the City Treasury to other objects than those of city expenditure and to defray ox- enses not legally chargeable to the city and county of New York,aud aisosuch expenses as the Mayor and Com- mon Council have notin anymanner sustained or been put to; thaton the 24th of December last, an ordinance was ed by the Board of Aldermen, which was concurred in by the Beard or Assistants, appropriating a sum of $6000 for the benefit of the first regiment of the New York State Volunteers under command of Col. Ward B. Burnett, and that said sum was afterwards paid over to said C jurnett for the use of the regiment, which Mr. Adriance by his bill, insists to have been wholly un- warranted by the laws of this State, and was in violation of the complainant’s rights and of the rights of the other tax-payers of the city. ‘The bill states that in the year 1840, two additional Judges were appcinted to sit in the Court of General Sessions, and wt the then Board of Aldermen, who were ex officio Supervisors of the county of New York, made no appropriation for the payment of the salaryof James Lynch, bq, one of said Associate Judges, but actually refused to puy the same; that after such mglect and refusal, the people of the State, by their Attorney General, instituted suits against the several persons who were then Suporvisors as aforesaid. to recover from them respectively, the penal sum of $250, for the violation and neglect of their duty, which penaity was imposcd by a stutute of this State, and judments for said ities were accord- ingly recovered against said Supervisors; that they afterwards appealed from the decision of the Su- preme Court to the Court of Errors, and said judge- ments were affirmed with costs. That said Supervisors in the month of January last, applied to the Board ot Aldermen to make an ordimance to pay the amount of said judgements out of the city treasury, together with the costs of detending said several suits, ‘hat upon such application the then Common Council, or a majo- ricy of them, passed a resolution directing the Comptrol- ler to pay the amount of the several judgments against sald ex-Supervisors, with coste, counsel's tees, &e., ‘aud further stated that he was apprehensive the reaolu- tion would pass the Board of Assistants, be signed b: the Mayor, and that the moneys therein mentioued, amounting to over $5000, would be puid out of the city treasury for the object therein specified, unless the au- thority of the court be interposed to prevent such illegal expenditure of the public money, and concluded by praying that the said Mayor, aldermen and commonalty may be enjoined and restrained by a preliminary as welt us & petpetual injunction from appropriating. expending or paying out any money of the said city of New York under or by vircue of ‘the resolution 80 adopted by the Board of Aldermen, on the Ist of March, 1847, The cave was moved yesterday morning by Mr. R. Mott His Honor took the papers with him. and this morning stated that he had sume doubts whether the court haw jurisdiction or not; but asthe bill was taken as con- fessed, he thought he was bound to grant a perpetual injunction, Injunction granted. Surreme Count, Sept. 7—Present, Justices Cady, Mo- Coun and Hurlbut. —The court met to-day, and after hearing ex parte motions proceeded to call the calendar. Gilmour ads, Spies.—Mr. Crest was heard on the part of defendant, and Mr. O’Conor on behalf of plaintiff. Judgment reserved. Smith vs. Carr.—Mr. E. C. Gray was heard for plain- tiff, and Mr. H. W. Robinson for defendant, Judginent reserved. Halliday vs. Noble.—The argument in this cause was not concluded when the court adjourned. Unsiren States Cincuit Court, Sept. 7.—Before Judge Nelson—Lavingston va. Steamboat Express. Testimony in this case was closed to-day on both sider, after which counsel for respondents commenced summing up The cause will ocoupy the entire of to-morrow, (this day.) Unsiten States Distarot Court, ov. 7.—Judge Botts presiding.—The September term of this court com- menced to-day. Judge Betts opened the court, after which the grand panel was called over, and « quorum having appeared, the d jury was sworn in. His Honor briefly addressed them, after which they retir ‘and soon after returned with a true bill against Charles Madden, charged with assaulting with a dangerous wea- pon, ‘There are but seven or eight causes on the calen- dar, all minor offences, except the case of Marselles, charged with purloining letters out of the Post Offic Tlia Stang and oth . the Chinese Junk.—Mr, on of the plaintiff, moved the court to file a libel against the Junk for seamen’s nd for subsistence money, until the tunity of returning hoi wages tiffs had an op) also that said libel may be filed without compeliit libellants to file security for costs. Order zranted on condition that libellant’s prosecutor and advocate do net charge costs. Common Pus. | Richard Decke September 7.—Before Judge Daly.— vs, Elisha Buckman,—This wha action of replevin, brought to test the title of the part tow cargo of oysters. Che plaintiff and one Richard Coraom and another person, were in ‘tnership in the Richard Palmer Waters, Eeq.,of Salem, Mass. Degree | eyster trade, each partner to havea third. It is alleged of L.L D. on Hon, Frederiok Allen, and Hau, George | by plaintiff that he purchased Corson’s share in the con Me. D.D. on Rey. Asa Cui » Of | cern, by which he became the owner of two thirds, Th Swan L, Pomeroy, of Hanger, Me, | Getondane obtained w judgment egelne Corsom for an execution and levied on a. After th for defendant, after which plaintiff 's evidence was closed, Mr. Blunt, the moved for # non-suit, on the ground that the remaining jas not in the suit. The question was oy ee oe en he court adjourned. Messrs. Monson and Cochran for plaintiff; Mr. N. B. Blunt for defendant. Count or Gunenat Sessions, Sept. 7th —Before Re- Soott and Aldermen Dodd and Spofford. Jobn McKeon, Esq., District Attorney. Trial for Grand Larceny —George Westlake was placed at the bar this morning for trial, ou an indict- ment charging him with having stolen property consist- ing of hardware, outlery, kitchen ware, &c., worth $100 from the store of his employer, Mr. 8. 8. Braiuard, No. 146 Bowery. But little evidence bad been adduced in behalf of the prosecution, when the court adjourned until to-morrow morning. Imrontant Lecat Ruuine.—In the course of a trial yesterday in the Court of Common Pleas, Judge Daly, be gear R. N. Morrison, Esq., of counsel for the plain- if, anda highly respectable member of the New York bar, offered to take the stand as s witness for his client N. B. Blunt ~~ , counsel for the defendant objected, on the ground of incompetency. In su; of the ob- jection the learned counsel Tatrod and read two decisions recently made by the Queen’s Bench of Eng- land, which cases have just bren reported in full in the law journals of Pi jlvania. These decisions declare the attorneys in all suits to be sufficiently interested in the event torender their evidence inadmissable. After able ent on both sides of the questson, Judge Daly ruled evidence offered as inadmissable, thus sustain- ing the decisions of the English bench. As this is the first decision upon this important point in this count: it will be looked upon asa precedent of the hig! magnitude. Count Catenpan—This Day—Common Pleas.—Be- fore Judge Daly, Nos, 93,94, 63, 70, 82, 7, 11, 31, 85, 483, , 100, The Court of Appeals holds its first sitting for the hearing of causes, at the Capitol in the elty of Albany, in the room fermerly ocoupied by the Supreme Court, Freeborn G. Jewett, Chief Judge; Greene C Bronson, Charles H. Ruggles, Addison Gardiner, judges; Samuel Jones, William B. Wright, Charles Gray, Thomas 8. Jonnson, ju ex-officio, ide. . For the information of litigants and counsel, we tran- scribe from the calendar of the court the titles of the first twenty-five causes, noticed for hearing 1, George Call, ntiff in Error, vs. the People of the State of New York, defendants in'error. E. P. Cowles, At’y for PI’ff, Theo. Miller, Dia’t At’y, for d 2. Abel French, Jr., Pl’ in Error, vs. Rol D. Car- hart, def’tin error. 8. D. Van Schaack, att’y for def’t. 8. ‘Erastus Corning, et. al. Pl’ffsin error, vs. James Me- Collough, def’t in error. D. Burwell for pl'ff, Jesse C. Smith for deft. 4. David Mead, Pi'ff, vs. Jas, Lawson, def’t. Wheaton, Doolittle and :/ adley, for pl'ff, J. 8 Coit for deft. 5. Jas. MoKeon, pl'ff, ve. Richard Graves, et. al. def ’ts. J. H, Reynolds for pl’ff, Geo. W. Bulkley for def’ts. ‘The Mutual Insurance Co. of the city and county of Albany, pl'ff, vs. Nicholas Conover, def’t. C.H, Bram- hall tor pl’ff, J. S. Colt ior def’t. 7. Casparus C, Hoeg and Mary his wife, et. al. appel’ts, vs. John M. Van Hoeson, respon’t. Hogeboom & Miller for apgelite, RAwned Clark for respond’t, 8. John Pierce, pl’ff, vs. James E. De Lamater, def’t. R. E. Andrews for pl'ff, ©. L. Monell for def't. 9. Robert Reynolds, pl'ff, va. Henry H. Mynard, et. al. Trustees, &o. def’ts. C,B. Dutcher for pl’ff, P. W. Bishop for def’ts. 10, Abraham [. Fort, appel’t, vs. William Bard, et. al. respite Orville Clark for sppel’t, Julius Rhoades, for respon’ts. 11. John G. Britton, et. al. pl’ffs, vs. Isaac Frink, She- riff, ke def’t. A. K. Hadley for pl'ff, ‘and Bullard for def ’t. 12, Mary Martin, by her next friend, appel’t, vs. Nor- ris L. Martin, respond’t. D. D. Field for appel’t, H. B. Duryea for respond’t. 13, Cornelius Van Giesen, pl’ff. vs. James C. Fuller, deft. Geo. E. King for pl’ff, H. R. Selden for def't. 14, The Mohawk and Hudson Railroad Co. pe vs. Jobn Brown, def’t. Pruyn & Martin for pl’ffs, P. Potter for deft. 15, John Rowland, pl'ff, vs. Geo. K. Fuller, deft, N. King, Jr for pl’, John G Stower for deP't, 16. Elmon D. Jenks, pl'ff, vs. Israel Smith, def't. A. 8. Slean for pl'ff, C. Carpenter for deft. 17. John Fraseryet al. appel’ts ve, Henry M. Western, et al. respon’ts, John Anthon for appel’ts, H. M. Wes- tern for respond’ts 18. Abjjab B. Curtis, pl, va. Justus B. Jones, def't. H. Humphrey for pl'ff, Samuel L. Selden for def't. 19, James T. Brady, appel't, vs. John A. MoCosker, an infant, by his next friend, respond’t. John B, Stevens for appel’t, Bonediot & Boardman for respund’t. 20. Everitt Judson, pl'ff, vs. Jebiel Houghton, deft. Roswell Judson for W4 Ransom Balcom for def’t. 21, William G. , ex'r, &e. of David Wood, deo’d, pl'ff, vs. George Weiant, et al. deft’s. H. 8, Dodge for pl'ff, Wim. Nelson for der'ts, 22. Sylvanus H. Henry,et al. plff’s, vs. The President, Directors and Co. of the Bank of Salina, defts. Hough . caer for pl’'ffs, Noxon, Leavenworth & Comstock for a. 23. Harvey Loomis, pl’ff, va. James Monroe, deft. T. T. Davis for pl'ff. Campbell, Boughton & Ward, for def’t. 24. Melancthon W. Danks, pl’ff, vs. Jeremiah D. Quackenbush, def’t. Isaac W. Brewster for pl’ff. Noxon, Leavenworth & Comstock, for def’t. 25. Frederick. Stief, pl’ff, vs. Monmouth B. Hart, def’t. O. H. Platt for pl’ff, J.C. Hart for def’t. ‘The following extracts frem the rules of the court, pre- scribe the manner in which casesare to be printed for its use :— Rute 14.—All cases and points, and all other papers which may be delivered to the court in calender causes, shall be printed on white waiting paper, with a margin not lesa than one and a half inch wide. The printed page, exclusive of any marginal note or referenov, shall seven inches long, and three and a half inches wide. Part or Ru+ 16.—Cepies of the the judges, clerk and reporter, reoords of the court and tinted in be printed.—.4/b, Eve. Atlas, A special term of the Supreme Court for the county of Saratoga, is to be held at the court house in tl village of Ballston Spa, commencing on ‘Tuesday, the inst., Mr. Justice Paige presiding. Judge Buchan, of Monroe county, has reeently de- clined to allow an application for a'writ of habeas cor- pus—having doubts whether, under the judiciary et & county judge can discharge the duties of a justice the supreme court at cham| The opinion of Judge B. is published at length in Rochester Democrat of this morning.—.Albany Argus, 6th inst. Mail Failures, From the Philadelphia Bulletin, Sept. 6.) Now Orleans papers of 28th and 29th ult. are due. They reached Petersburg yesterday morning, but by some culpable negligence they were not forwarded to this city. On allsides, we bear complaints, both loud and deep, against the post office department. Mr. Cave Johnson should bestir himself. {From the Baltimore Sun, September 6.) The New York evening}mail of Saturday,with our New York commercial letter, and the evening papers of that day failed. [From the Baltimore American, September 6.] The New York papers of Saturday afternoon. due yesterday morning, did not come to hand. The Souther mail failed on Saturday night beyond Montgomery, Alabama. The Southern mail failed in Jast nigh! not having reached Washington wher cars left for jaltimore. We received a telegrap! patch yester- day morning from Richmond, stating that the Southern mail had arrived in that city, buf that the papers con- tain no news from the army in Mexico. From this it will be seen there are two missing Southern mails due, which it is likely may come to hand by this morning’s Train from Washington. Movements of the People. It is sald that Dobson, of Indiana, the late democratic eandidate for Congress {n the sixth district, will contest the seat of Mr. Dunn, who was elected by s majority of 12 votes, At the annual commencement of the Transylvanian University, the degree of L. L. D. was conferred on the Hon Garnett Duncan, and Preston 8 Loehporony , of Louisville, Ky., and the Hon. H. W. Hilliard, of Mont- gomery, Alabama. A writer in the Frankfort (Ky ) Commonwealt commends D, R. H d, of Cumberland, as a candl- date for Speaker of the next House of Representatives. Mr. Pageot, the French Minister, who arrived here on ‘Thursday evoning from Old 1 olnt, accompaniod by Mrs. Pageot and Miss Timberlake. of Washington. visited yes- terday, the United States ship Penneylvania, The tri- color was ran up, andthe usual salute fired upon the French Ministec s reachiog the quarter deck ofthe Penn- sylvania,— No: folk Beacon, 4h inst ‘A public dinner was tendered to Gen. Kearny by the citizens of St. Louis, on his return from Californis. He politely declined the honor, La ape | the circumstan- cus which prevented his acceptance of the offered com- iss’ ie was to set out at an early day for Wash- ington. James Francis Hunter, Esq.,of Norfolk, Va. died on Friday morning last. Mr, Hunter, though not more than 36 years of age, had filled quite a number of public and useful stations in Norfolk. He was at different pe- riods commander of the Junior Volunteers, Vice Presi- dent of the Common Council, and subs-quently Presi dent of the Select Councii President of tqe Virginia bank in that city. and for a number of years agentof the Baltimore Steampacket Company The Rochester Advertinr says Ex-President Tyler, accompanied by his lady arrived in that city on Satur- day afternoon, and took rooms at the Kagle During the evening a large number of our citizens paid their Treapects to “ old vete,” and were received with unaffeog ted Virginia cordiality. M. Pageot, the French Minister to the United States, with his family, arrived in Philadelphia on Monday. Rey. Henry Giles is preparing eries of lectures on Don Quixote, for the ensuing winter. Charles R. Stewart, whig, has final: f MS ia for Congress in the third and. ‘OneGon.—The Liberty(Mo.) Tribune contains a letter from Judge Burnett, of Oregon, to the Hon. J. M. Hughes, in whieh an account is given of the different routes to that couptry, and partioularly of the road through the ‘umgde and Clamet valley. Last winter ‘was unusually cold, snow remaining on the ground eighteen days, to the depth of sixteen or twenty inch: As no provision had been made to fodder the cattle, they suffered severely. In one settlement, wo observe there are about 40,000 sheep, and the cow je well adapted to woolgrowing. Wheat was, in last, worth $l to $1.26 per bushel; horses from head to $100, and oxen about $50 per yoke. x * the utes MY at ede ritory, Hemp and leather will beco ties of export hereaftee— BU) ‘Louis Union, August 01h, declined being istrict of Mary- Our attention hag beon called to a counterfeit $2 bill eo the Phomix Bavkof Hartford. [t is not noticed in uny of the detectors, and is said to bea close imitation , Boul; Jvho L, Bunoe, ( Gen’ Beaeh Freet~ibeny Vourvoh 5 Dill before us is letter C,, lat Jul; oftheoriginal, The ee tat iM subscribers have placed wey without destroying their useful- fe nde, rer i en are Au examination cannot fail of belng katiofacto- G.'SAUNDERS & BON, 117 Brosdway. Lecoultre Razors._These Razors, (beyond all question the best imported to thi Pang be had of the subscribers, “ well selected shames rented, toget Perfumery, Soaps, and mea with a very fase ta xe, zor, Peu and Pocket ives. ing Sppertainiag to the toilet. NDERS U'SON NS 'Grmaway, Opposite Howard Hotel. t Bope of gaze of the or mockiny mn. Who will not b omrenh Ament ect painting has already attrac Rey. gentleman, lately’ from fone perfect likeuess of Pius 1X, Portrait of -Pius IX presen Rome tihe 4 newly risen fp od pr hile otner crowned hivads are slee visitors which this mag: we are pleased to heara has pronounced tai Premium Gold Pens, 50.—Purchasers of Gold Pens, or Gold aud Silver Pen and Pencil Cases, can sup- Ply, themselves at the manufacturer's lowest nett prices, i large or sma!] quantities, at the establishment ton. & (o., 71 Cedar street, New York, or 45 Chestnut Philadelphia. From their assortment of some kinds, consisting of Brown’s, Hayd ‘ ers’, Congress, and many others, tter them elves that they can meet the wants of every one, and their prices will be found lower than at any other house.’ Gold Peus care- fully repaired or repointed. * dan fail? sf you will om “Theve’s no such word as fail,” if you will only 4 the pre- canine toon lore Richelieu Pear B- He WATSON k 148 Willian street, oue door below Wallatreet, and J. ¥ SAVAGE. 92 Fulton strect, are the ouly persous suthorized tovell them. You will there find a fue atvortmeut o best peus in the market and at astonishing low pri > sale or retail. They sell at $1, $125 aud $150, the same kind of pens that are sold for $1 50, $1 75 and $2, elsewhere. Try them. Gold Peas carefully repa $The Genuine Diamond Poluted Gold Pens are for sale by the New York Gold Pen Company. No. 33 Johu st, comer Nassau, up stairs, where all the most celebrated stamps areto be had, in ition to those of their own maoufacture; together with a great variety of gold and silver pen and pencil Cases, at wholessle or retail. To Lyt—A shop down town, suitable for a jeweller, or bue siness of that nature. Apply as above. ‘The Horticultural Exhibition will open this day, at 1o’clock, and continue open until Thursday night, at the Lyceum Rooms, 561 Broadway Admittiuce, 25 cents, Ladies’ Cachefolles, or real Heads of Hair, light, cool, and aj ; au entire new art cle, manufactured by the inventor, ies” Hair Dresser, to which he invites an in kind or color, would subscriber an and at in want in. Ladi worl find it to their advi ofany to call on the found larger, the usual rate: se COPY, W. J. BARKER, Ladies * 349 Broadway, opposite the portant to uerreotypists....Gentulm in Broming, A small lot of very superior quality ju: ed and for¥ale by ONY, 247 Broadway, New Yo A Card._Mr, Gardner and his friends or backers, who valled at my house last evening w sent, expressing adesire to muke a macch with m u informed that | am ready and willin make match, for five handred dollars or m My, money will be ready at the Star House 34 Read: at all times when I notice of their in- of putting up the money. OMAS O'DONNELL. am at home, or any time they will tention to eall ou me forthe purpose New York, 8th September, 1847 River, Navigation of the Onlo Kiver. Places. Time. State of Pittaburg. . .. Clocinnati, ... MONEY MARKET. Tuesday, Sept. 76 P. M. Quotations for fancy stocks fell off to-day all round. Seme of them are going down faster then they went up. The bears are now in the ascendancy, and the bulls are ine fair way of losing all their profits. Prices had be- come so much inflated that there was no market for the stocks, and the only way to get the immense load off their hands was to let prices down. When prices are rapidly advanoing, stocks accumulate in the hands of the bulls, until they have run up prices so high that 20 one will purchase, and they have got to carry them or submit toa decline. At the first board to-day Norwich and Worcester fell off 244 per cent, Harlem 15%, Long Inland 7, Reading X%, Canton 1, Ohio 6s , Treasury Noter, 68, 34; Morris Canal advanced }s, and Farmers’ Loan closed at yesterday’s prices. At the second board Norwich and Worcester advaneed 2 per cent, Long Island %; Harlem fell off , and Can- ton %; Reading closed at prices current in the moaning. There were large sales of Harlem at (the deoline at the second board. The reesipts of the Now York and Erie Railroad Company for the month of August in each of the past two years were as annexed :— New Yorx anv Enre Rarvnoan, ; 1846. 1817. Ine. From Freight... $10,908 69 -12912'68 2.843 97 From Passengers and Mail 6,141 23 11,10 27 4,969 04 Total... 2.4.10 se+++ $16,729 92 24,022 93 7,293 01 ‘This shows an increase equal to about 4854 por cent- Increase in freight, 28 per cent. Passengers, 81 per cent: ‘The recetpts for the eight months, ending August 31’ 1846 and 1847 ,were as follows:— Eight months in 1847 «“ « & 1646 «$161,111 84 116,423 63 Increase (equal to nearly 40 per cent). .$44,687 81 The inereased receipts of all our railroad companies, for the transportation of passengers and freight, is the best evidence in the world of the prosperous condition of all classes, and all departments of business. Railroads which now pay good dividends, must, in a fow years, in the event of the receipts increasing from year to year at the rate realised since the commencement, be good in- vestments. Those now struggling along towards com- pletion, with limited means and precarious credit, will ultimately be good dividend paying securities. The re- sources of even the oldest and most populous sections of this country have not yet begun to be developed, We have no ides of what the New England States alone are capable of producing ; and as for the West, it is beyond all calculations. We cannot begin to guess what a state of things the next five or ten years will bring about in the prolific States of the West. It is our belief, that with all the progress making in the construc- tien of works of internal improvements, we shall feel the want of means of transportation mor§ ten years hence than we do now. The internal business of the ceuntry is growing more rapidly than the facilities of communi- cation. The statements which have been put forth, and trans- mitted to Europe, relative to the agriouitural resources ef this country, and tho probable extent of our surplus of breadstuffs, have been the principal cause of the enor- mous inflation in prices on the other side, and the finan- cial difficulties have been the result of such an empanrion. The character of the souree from which these statements emasated is pretty well understood on this side of the Atlantic ; but in Europe, unfortunately, too much confidence was placed in them, and the result has been extremely disastrous. ‘he source to which we allude is the organ of the bull speculators in Wall street, which, at all times, is prepared to give publicity to the calculations and estimates of any individual or clique, for the purpose of bringing about an undue in- flation in prices. Ae an evidence of this, it is only ne- cvasary to refer to the article published in that paper in April last, just previous to the opening of the canals of this State, when the probable extent of our surplus sup- ply of breadstuffs was a matter of much moment, and tue cause of considerable excitement among operators in this market. i The article to which we allude, went into details, for the purpose of giving it more plausibility, the result of whioh was, that the total quantity of flour, and wheat made into flour,to arrive at tid iter, from the opening of navigation to the Ist ot September, wenld be 1,872,600 bbls, The official returns show that the aggre- gate receipts for the same period were 9,014.296 Excess of recaipta over entimate.. 1,841,725 bbls. o The jan corn, made by this ‘organ of bull speculators, to arrive from May Ist to September Ist was... 2,000,000 bush. Actual receipts per official returns for Excess of receipts over estimate,,. 9,604,905 bush. ‘Thia is just about as near the truth as the paper to which we allude usually comes; but the most ridieulous part of the affair is yet to come. According to the est!- mates of the article, we should only be able to squeeze out for exportation from this port, from May Ist to Septem- ber Let, 34,836 barrels ; whereas the official retarns show ssbipment, in the same period, of 1,360,340 barrels, showing an exoess of shipments over estimate of 330,463 barrel If these facts are not enongh to antisfy every one that the statements of the Courier and Enquirer, in relation to commercial matters, are not entitled to the confidence of even the most desperate specuiator, we leave them to be duped again with similar calculations. In giving the statement, the figures of which wo bave given above, Phe Courter and Enquirer Introduoed it ws follows | “ As public attention, in this coantey ond in Bas wr0pe, Baa for sometisne a boon pad direoted ta