The New York Herald Newspaper, February 11, 1847, Page 1

41— While Hu, 8638 HIGHLY IMPORTANT FROM EUROPE. TEN DAYS LATER. | ARRIVAL OF THE New Iron Steamship SARAH SANDS. OPENING OF PARLIAMENT. THE QUEEN'S SPEECH. THE PROBABLE OPENING PORTS POR GRAIN, INCREARED RATE OF INTEREST. Panic in the Money Market. DECLINE IN THE COTTON MARKET: he Depression in the Manufactur- ing Districts. MEXICAN LETTERS OF MARQUE IN ENGLAND. Activity in the Corn and Pro- vision Markets. STARVATION IN IRELAND. ADVANCED PRIOES. Opening of the French Chambers. THE KING'S SPEECH, The War in Portugal. MARKETS: &o &e. The splendid new iron steamship Sarah Sands, Capt. Thompson, arrived yesterday from Liver- pool, whence she sailed on the 20th ult. The intelligence brought by her is of the high- ‘est interest and importance. The Sarah Sands is of 1800 tons burthen, and has the auxiliary aid of the screw propeller. She encountered strong head winds, and very bois- terous weather, and she has proved herself an excellent vessel. She left Liverpool on the 20th ult., and brings us the London papers of that date, for which we are indebted to Messrs. W. H. Smith & Son of London, who run a special @ngine to Liverpool, to convey the papers on board the steamer. In these papers we find the Queen’s speech on the opening of Parliament, the new government measures, and the whole of the debates on the opening night. The awful condition of Ireland— the Cracow question, and the Montpensier mar- riage, were the only topics discussed. The new measures proposed by the govern- ment are ofthe utmost importance. The ports are probably to be immediately opened for the free ad- mission of foreign corn of every kind, by which the duty of four shillings sterling will be abolished. The navigation laws are to be suspended, by which corn will be admitted in vessels of every nation; and sugar is to be allowed in distilleries These measures will be carried, as the protection- ists have promised to give them their support.— ‘They have been forced trom the government by the awful condition of the people of Ireland. The appalling accounts of the misery among the lrish will be read with the most painful inte- vest. A private subscription was recently opened in London for the Irish,and fifty thousand pounds ‘were subscribed in ten days. The advices from Scotland are ofa similar cha- racter te the reports from other parts of ‘the king- dom. Not only wheat, but all species of corn, 8 rapidly rising there ; und it iscertain that no sup- ‘Plies of oats (the staple article of shipment to the soit) can be expected, that article being worth quite as much, if not more, at Edinburgh, than in the London mark: Food of every kind is scarce and dear in Eng land, Ireland, and Franee, notwithstanding the immense quantities shipped from the United States. Thecom and provision markets in Ireland and England are exceedingly animated, and pri ces are stillkept up at the extreme rates quoted by previous arrivals. The European Times says, however, that “ The whole of the availabie British navy will be oc- cupied in bringing food from ry quarter ofthe world where it canbe had, to arrest tarvation of which Wroland is the scene. The promptitude with which the government is determined to act in this mat ter, is already making itself felt on the food mar- kets. The price of ie 5 has already experienced @ slight check, and it is believed b; tical men that all the provision mari time forward, will assume a downward tendency. fect, it is known thet several experienced merchants have agreed to furnish, in a month or two from the pre time, large quantities of corn at sixteen, and even per quarter under the current rates. ere al takin; alarm, end so tar from keeping back, are now engaged in forcing their produce on the markets.” The cotton ma:ket was rather dull before the Cambria’s arrival, but afterwards it beoame ac- tive. The Bank of England has raised its rate of dis- count to 8f per cent. Bullion is rapidly going out of the country, and a monetary panic was anti- cipated. The Bank of France has raised its rate of dis- count to 5 per cent, and has borrowed 20,000,000 of franes from the Bank of England. A very se- rious monetary crisis had commenced at the Paris Bourse. The steamer Cambria arrived at Liverpool on the 18th uit. Her news had no effect on the corn markets, but the cotton market immediately be came firmer. In consequence of the high price of malt, the London brewers have raised the price of malt liquors; and gin, rum, and whiskey have also ad- vanced considerably. Bread |as also advanced —Ild being charged for the 4\b ‘oaf. An office has been opened in London to grant letters of marque and reprisal, focording to de- crees of the Mexican government against the United States. Three privateers have, it is said, already been despatehed. The rates of insurance by American vessels have, in consequence, been increased. The Sirius steamer was lost on the lrish coast, on the 16th ult. Twelve of the crew and passen- gers were drowned in a.tempting to get on shore. H. M. steamship Sphynx, of 1,066 tons, and 600 horse power, was totally lost on the 15th ult., on a reet of rocks near the Isle of Wight. ‘Trade in the manufacturing districts of Eng- | remain in a very dull state. Most of the | wore working short time; on acoovint of the high price of cotton. 1 | He was galled the father of the House of Com- George Byng, Eeq , M. on the 10th wl mons, having sat as a member fifty-six years. On the 4th ultimo, Joseph Gurney, the well- known banker of London, died. Malt has moved upwards in value, quite as rapidly as barley, and 90s per quarter has been insisted on for fine qualities. The aceounts from Ireland become, from day to day, more distressing; and the temporary de- cline which alarge arrival of Iodian corn caused Inst week had again been recovered, the supply having proved inadequate to thedemand. W.th the people starving in many parts of the island, shipments of provisions thence to Eng'and are, of course, out of the question. Very thin foreign barley has realised 463.; good grinding qualities, 60s.; and for superior English malting qualities very close upon 70s. per quarter has been paid. Sueh prices are well calculated to draw supplies; but the Baltic ports are frozen up, with litle prospect of becoming free til March. The metal circulars for the month notice a brisk business in iron, with an advance of 8s. to 5s. per ton. A considerable decrease’ has taken place in the stock of Scotch pig at Glas- gow, and a good demand is expected trom the continent as well as America. Swedish iron has been in fair request at firm prices, owing to the high quotations now paid for English com- men bars. No great alteration has taken place in copper. English tin continues to support good rates, the demand having latterly exceeded the supply Banca has principally been purchas ed for the United States. The civil war in Portugal is turning in favor of the Queen. i Very large purchases of maize, or Indian corn, the produce of the Danube, having been made at Malta, by the deputy commissary general to the forces, the same is being converted into meal at the naval mills, for shipment to Ireland. The commissary has also bought, but in smaller quan- tities, beans and barley, likewise for shipment to Treland. A Mr. Hottinguer, the eminent Paris banker, ha: arrived in the French capital, frem London, where he had successfully treated with the Bank of England for a supply of bullion for the Bank of France. Avotuer Ris sw Bacap.—This morning the bakers at the west end of the metropolis mode a tarther in the price of the four pound loaf. The best wheaten bread is now selling at 10}¢d, and “household” at 934d the quartern. In Seven-dials and the locality of st Giles’ and liontnp sd 2 the best wheaten bread has a vanced from 834d to 94, and seconds from 7}¢d to 8i¢d. The price of the best flour is 10d per quartern, but an in- ferior article can be purchased as low as 8}¢d.—London Globe, Jan.7. Tue Scarcity or Foon in Faance.—A letter is in town from Mr. Cobden, M. P., dated Marscilles, Dec. 29, 1846, from which we are enabled to give the following interesting extract:—"I find an immense movement in corn here. The port is crowded with ships. Upwards of 1,200,000 quarters of wheat have been imported, and nearly all of it is gone into the interior, chiefly in the di- rection of Lyons, by carts. The roads are so cut up by the traffic, that they resemble rivers of mud. The Fre: overnment has suspended the navigation laws, and corn is brought in free of duty, by suis of at oe Gait any ports; 2 large portion o! imported here from the Blick Ses, in Greek ships. I hear there is still a vast supply in Southern Russia—that the Russian haryest is ‘most abundan! it.— Manchester Eapri Svean Taape —Messrs. Carey and Brown furnish in- teresting statistics brought up to the close of the year, The importation into the United Kingdom last year di from those of i845, the ies having been nearly coi fered but little in the agg: defisiency from the West | pensated by a proportionate increase from the Kast In- dies and the Mauritius. Prices in 1846 did not at any time rule so low as in 1845. ‘The imports are expected to be tolerably good in the early part of the present year, but any measure permitting the uae of sugar in brew: ries, etc., would have an important effect upon the con- sumption. It is anticipated that the last reduction of the sugar duty will throw open to us the produce of the world, and render this country, besides, the “ great and ruling mart of Europe” ‘thus au enormous trede is thought to be before us this year, though it is impossi- ble to foresee the Yesult as to prices. Many predict a decidedly lower range.—London Glebe Jan. 7. Tue Inon Traps —On the 30th ult, it was announced notwithstanding the unprecedented demand for iron that now preveils, no advance on present rat proposed at the forthcoming quarterly meeting of iron- te irmingham. We are now able to state thot 2 of South Staffordshire, at a private mect- ing, held at Wolverhampton, yesterday, unanimously confirmed the announce! having resolved that the terms agreed on at the last quarterly meeting should be proposed at the meeting to be held here next week, aod there is mo doubt but the resolution will be adopted.— Londen Chronicle, Jan. 7. Immianation or Inisa Paurens—The number of per sons. in the most utter destitution, arriving from Irelt in Liverpool, Glasgow, and other ports, still contin Itis clear, bh it this evil cannot be allowed io eed Ititis, the 13 000 Irish paupers now in this town, will soon in- crease to 20,000 or even 30,000, and the parish rats of pool will soon rise irom 2s. to 5s., or even 10s. in the pound.— Liverpool Journal. The Effect in England of Commercial News from the United Btatese ‘ne wiain of Balltou. (From the London Times, Jan. 18 } The account tothe orders received vy the last steamer from t! United Stat altnough not uosaue- factory upon the whole, give son 10 anticipaie a lemand for goods hkely to ohy ck the impending drai bullion from this country. At Sirmfxgham, it ie all fthe corresponding per it Manchester the repurt is more: favour. nsideral number (mostly of smail amount, for a variety of particuiar articles suitable for th trade having been received At the sam time it is mentioned that in many cases the good: quired will not be procurable, owing to their no! ic i stock; while, as respects plain articles, such as sbirt ings to which the new tariff would give admission, onr recent advance in prices will prevent the orders from being executed. The demand fors: ring goods is new, no doubt, mostly over; but,es far as can be ascertained, up to the present time it has been greater than that of last y The total shipments to the United States of line: Ronse hae rn = woes [ene ane 1846 was 66 000 packages, being a decrease of 65 packages as compared with 1845 ; but a comparison of the last three months of these years gives a large excess in favor of the quarter just ended—the returns being 18,992 packeges ogainst 17,044. During the first half of the Present month elso, the shipments have been about one- third above the average. With these indications, and the accounts just received of the sales of goods in the American markets, the ultimate paospect is not dis- couraging ; but it is clear that there is nothing to avert the imm je pressure we are called upon to sustain. Whatever may be the amount of the fall trade the orders will not be forwarded before the month of March, and, however eager paities may be o remit while the ex- change is low, few are likely to have the ability bef the usual period ; so that it is not until June or July that any effect from thet c can be anticipated e insurance of gold at Lioyd’s for export to America continues on a considerable scale. A good deal of busi- Bess was done; to-day inthe wu: cent fur the noxt Halifax steam: per cent for the sailing pac le The following observations on the pros; cotton market th ‘ad of J a crop cannot, at any rate, one; that tl timating the crop jigh as twe millions is the decrease, and the number of those rating it under 19 0,000 on the increase. From the various correspon- dence we have seen, avd taking into account the season ofthe year to which wo have arrived, we thini the public may safely conclude that the crop of the United tates will not materially exceed two millions of bales, wi h a reasonable probability thet it will fall short of that quantity. This important point being muinly settled in our minds, we look with no little anxiety to the state of it home and abroad as affecting the consumption. No one can doubt that the advanced rates from 4d to 7d are calculated to contract the consumption; that they have already done so to some extent is unquestionabi: Another point furthering the same end in a sirong degre fe the advancing price of provisions throughout both this country and the centinent, with apprehensions in some quarters of absolute famine, which will absorb a vast amount of the labor of Earope, leaving but litle for any’ one beyond the provision mi Boh ge disturbing the monetary establishments com: mercial exchanges everywher Considerations of this kind may well gi' more deliberate and character to the not fora matter of this aring upon # inevitable that the prices of raw cotton must to a point giving amore full encouragement to production, and @ far more decided check than has yet been gi tion. This week price stewmer’s arrival, we were dull and flat; since that time additional confide! clove with our Public Deposits. .£5,860,631 Decrease. Other Deposits.. 9,785,767 Increase. . Rest, . ’ 20,048 Increase, . On thie other side of the account:— Government Securities. 412,767,826 Decrease £ 69,036 Other secu 14,464,948 Decrease — 606,679 NEW YORK, Ope: of Pi "THURSDAY MO Condition of Great The British Parliament was opened on the 19th ult. by the Queen in person, with the following speech:— TRE QUEEN’s sPrecH. “ My Loaps amp Gentiemen, “ It is with the deepest concern. that upon your again assembling, | have to call your attention to the dearth of persone which prevails in Irelund, aod in parts of “In Ireland, especially, the loss of the u: food of been the cause of se sufferings of disease, and of greatly increased mortality among the pre Outrages have become more frequent, y directed ageinst propert: the transit of pro- visions bas been rendered unsafe in some parts of the country. be vii aview to mitigate these evils, very large num- bersof men have been employed and have received wages in pursuance of an act passed in the last sersion rliament Some deviations from that act, which have been authorised by the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, inorder to promote more useful employment, will, I trust, receive your sanction. Means have been taken to lessen the pressure of want ia districts which are mast remo te from the 0; ry sources of supply. Outrages have been repreased, as far asit was possible, vy military and “ “It is satisfactory to me to observe, that ia many of the most distressed districts, the patience and resignation of we people have been most exemplary. “The deficiency of the harvest in France and Ger- many, and other parts of Europe, has added to the diffi- culty of obtaining adequate supplies of provisions. “It will be your duty to consider what further measures are required to alleviate the existing distress. I re- commend to you to take into your serious , consideration, whether by increasing for a limited period the facilities for importing corn from foreigh countries, and by the ad- mission of sugar more freely into brewerics and distil- leries, the surply of food may be beneficially augmented “ [have likewise to direct your earnest consideration to the permanent condition of Ireland. You will perceive, inthe absence of political excitement, an opportunit for taking a dispassionate survey ofthe social evils which afflict that ty of the United Kingdom. Various measures will be laid before you, which, ware by Parliament, may tend to raise the great mass of the people*in com- fort, to promote agriculture, and to lessen the pressure of that competition for the occupation of land which hes been the fruitful source of crime and misery. “ The marriage of the Infanta Luisa anda of Spain to the Duke of Montpensier, has given to a corre- epson between my Government and those of France Lap “ The extinction of the Free State of Cracew h: peared to be to be so manifest u violation of the Treaty of Vienns, that I have eommanded that a protest sgainat that act should be delivered to the Courts 181 P 4 these several papers will be lai I entertain confident hopes that the hostilities in the River Plate, which have so long interrupted commerce, may soon be terminated ; and my efforts, in conjunction with those of the King of the French, rill be earnestly di- rected to that end, “My relations generally with foreign powers inspire me with the fullest confidence in the maintenance of eace. MGentueway or tHx Hov “ Thave directed the estimates to be prepared, with a view to provide for the efficiency of the public service, with a duo regard for economy. “My Loros ann Gentiemen— “Tbave ordered every requisite preparation tobe made for putting into operation the act of the last session of Parliament, for the establishment of Local Courts for the Recovery of Small Debts. Itis my hope that the en forcement of civil rights in all parts of the country to which the act relates may, by this measure, be materi- ally facilitat “recommend to your attention, measures which will RNING, FEBRUAR After alluding to the injustice of aliow in brewing ana jctining while retained, the uoble ment landlords, wi abused, social improv surance that, party conside Hardwicke, a The Marqui the measures with regard t and their lord: In th for jous veral ing ure Maje diser pressed upon condition of au would pre’ nent evil. : k Starvation.” ernment was ties on corn it then, as it I " aod to for the mode food ernment, employed in he laid before you for improving the health of towns,an bject the importance of which you will not fail to ap- ply sensible of the blessings which after a sea- sonof calamity have been so often vouchsafed to this nation by a superintending Providence, 1 confide these important matters to your care, in a full conviction that your discussions will be guided by an impartial spirit ; and in the hope that the present sufferings of my people may be hm. and that their future condition may be improved by your deliberative wisdom.” In the House of Lords, after the Lord Chancellor had read Her Majesty’s speech, Lord Hatherton rose to move itiable condi untilled. in contempla also wisho: the calamity field of party eri failure of the |, though in his pi those who intro- duced it for its failure, yet it had signelly failed. The question then arose whether Parlisment thould be con- vened, or whether the government Lord Lieutenant with power to act at hi cording to the nature of the case. The latter course was adopted; the useless works of the labor rate act were abandoned, ard the application of the public money extended to private and reproductive works. But even the exertion of this discretionary power had been found i to the em icy of the case, and all were tation of the law. Other mea sures were therefore necessary; what those measures should be, it was not for him to dictate,|when there were so many in that House better fitted than he to decide. He only declared his own sentiments, and wished to involve no one e'so in any responsibility which might attach to them ; but he called on the people of England to make the case of Ireland their own, und to consider the differ- ence between Eingland—rich in her landed proprietary, in er vast monied interest, in her manufacturers and mer- and in her admirable parochis. organisation—and ireland, where rich proprietors were exceptions, where absenteeism abounded, and where there was no orga zativa, except for political purposes. This wide aiffer- ence suggested one or two agslogies. Suppo: bag of cotton imported into Englani were tute ruined by an insect, would it be right to say to natacturery, you have congregated u masa,of population io large towas for your own benefit, now you must bear the burden ot supporting tem! No doubt there would be much private liberality ou such an emeigeucy but doubtless, au appeal would also be made to ine im- vetial Logi Lat no aupbose te crop of whea te every id vats had been blighted in Kugiand, would it be ri Ireland to would sena no help? Whatever then migut be the result of the present calamity, it woul teach usto do our duty liberally by our ieilow crea tures; aod it was to be hoped that both Englaod and Ireland would bo benefitted by the trial. Tn Doble Loid then passed in review the proposed suspension o} te corn lawa and the legalization of the use of sugar i distilleries, ond augured well as to the probable resulta of those measures; and after hoping toat @ bill would be introduced for facilitating the trans fer of real pr perty, and denouncing the cy of Aus trie in the annexation of Cracow, concluded by moving the draught of an address, which was, as usual, an echo of the speech. * . . . . . . Lord 8tanuxy was happy to express his belief that, as the government had abstained from introducing into Her Majesty’s speech, any expression which must necessarily lead to discussion, so there was no wish on the part of those who had not reposed their confidence in tuat go- vernment, to embarrass them by piemature opposition Having attained power by no factious proceedings of their own, but by a combination of circumstances, Her Moajesty’s advisers had peculiar claims to the for- bearance of the House, und they might rest assured that, so long they walked in the path of the constitution, and avoided rash and dan- gerous innovations, th would be met, not only by no factious epposition on that side of the House, but also a premising that, from the significant omission of any allu: sion to the financisl condition of the country in the speech, it might be argued that that condition was not so satisfactory aa it appeared on the face of the last qu: ly returns; in fact, he was afr lest in the course of months there should be such an increase of te over exports as seriously to convenience the country by reducing the quantity of bullion. In passing then to te topics contai: in the speech, he was sure all must rejoice in the prospect of continued pezce, though his confidence in that prospect was bused rather on the general conviction throughout Europe of the folly of war, than on tlre state of our foreign relations. He couldsnot look with 'satisfaction on those relations so long as we were not on terms, not merely of amity, but of cordial co-operation, with France. It was impossible not to see that the good understanding lately existing between the two countries had been very much altered for the worse during the last few months; and though he he should abstain from an opinion as to the comparative merits of the statements on either side respecting the Spanish marriage until the whole correspondence was before the House, yet he thought the country hed re ceived a slight in the manner in which that marriage was brought about which would not have been passed on it hed Lord Aberdeen been at the head of foreign Aft This unfortunate coolness had been followed by another event, with which he coult not help thinking it was nearly connected—the annexa tion of Cracow; and, though on this point, too, he must reserve his judgment until tho necessary paper were produced, he regarded the atep tal powers in violation of a treaty tered into under the auspices of England as a discourtery which could net have happened if England and France had preserved their former cordial understanding. With regard ould be no question that an awful on that island, country would make every sacrifice for ite relief. not disposed to make captious observations on the course hitherto pursued for t , butit was admitted at end, db blunder, and that the plan for and fettered as to become a ? error of nce to the ab- of political economy when they resolved not to compete with private speculation in the supply of Those doctrines must give wuy to great id though he did not mean to assert that should have undertaken to sup- whole Irish people with food, they might done much by blishing depots of pro- 8, and welling them at a fair market value, 80 as to keep down famine prices. With respect to the proposed measures of relief, he did not anti- eipate any serious opposition to the ure for iuoreasirg the tonnage eo to the importation of corn; but, believing as did, that the scarcity of corn, botlat home and al we ory much exaggerated, a to be @ question whether the temporary suspen- the 45. duty would answer the humane rxpectations ernment, and whether it would not money Of forergnere ot the empense of the revenue they did not yield to exorbitant rash steps with regard to t After some obser Marquis of West stated that he would, on Monday, lay before the House ‘The question was then put, and agreed to nem. con House of Commons the Speaker took the chair the discharge of public business at a quarter before o'clock. Several new members were then sworn, and tices of importance were given by ditlerent bers of her Majesty’s Government, and also by se- jependent members. Howanp, in moving the address in reply to Her "sspeech, enlarged upon most of the topics con- tained init After dwellimg for some time on the famine, é, and mortality now uuhappily prevailing in Ire- Jend, snd on the patience with which those terriole cala- tes hed been endured by its suff party disputes, and of devoting itself energetically, but jispoasionately, to the consideration of all measures tend- ing to the improvement of that country. his satisfaction that the government, with a view of allo- viating the existing di ply of food, had determined to relax the navigation laws for a limited period, to take off the duties impeding the introduction of foreign corn, and to admit sugar into our breweries and distilleries. could only be of a temporary nature; and the permanent could not be improved by’ such yalliatives. fore, hoped that government would adopt such measures Mr.8. O’Buren observed that, however reluctant he might be to disturb the unanimity of the House on the resent occasion, he should feel himself to be-wantiog in vs duty to his country if he were to remain silent with respect to tho sufferings of the people of Ireland, which could neither be described or exaggerated. last paper which he had receivod trom Dublin, contain- the report of eight inquests held in the county of Mayo, which had each returned verdicts of “Death by y on the contrary, he wi ment had taken proper measures, not a sing! vidual would have perished in Ireland from starva- tion. Why hed not th and distilleries? He then with great vehemence, to such a course as Mr. 1 unproductive He, therefor Lord J. Russell what were the measures which he had for the suppiy of toknow whether his Lordshi of Irel them; and they would give their best and calmest at- tention to any remedies brought forward for their relief. They must, however, deal frank! Though they did not censure Parljument toget.er three months ag seding by their own authority the the use of @ malttex | Lord promised the govern. | Irish measures, provided and rish in their le! the hampered position of the’ | he thought had been undeservedly implored the government not to take any ne m, and to set to work at the | ement of that country in the confident as | if they honestly labored for that eud, no rations should de! rs. . . . tions from Eari Fitzwilliam, the ih, the Earl of Roden, the Earl of wd the Eurlof Auckland, is of Lanspowns, in reply to Lord Stanley, which the Government intended to pursue 9 Tvelapd ships wijourned till Thursday. ing population, he y of discarding ali the House tee nece: He expressed and of ‘augmenting ‘he sup- Such measures, however, the country, more especially of Ireland, He, there- vent atemporary from becoming a perma- * . * . . * he very If asked, he could not say that the go’ entirel: iltless of this state of thing: of opionion that if the gove: an three mont ‘ago? Why had it not called Parliament together three months ago, and proposed to Proposed now, to rel prohibit the use of the navi in which they had regul: ction of the Irish asserting that a minister who had taken bouchere,deserved impeachment. His regulations had thrown the whole country into con- fusion. He (Mr. 8. O'Brien) wanted the 0 ple to be directed to works of productive, not of an arac’ Thousands of men were now troying roads, while the fields remained rose lor the purpose of askin, de tion, f first for the supply of food, and next reproductive labor for Ireland? He t Pp considered a local or a national calamity * . . * . . Lord G. Bentick observed, that neither he nor his friends had any intention to make Ireland the buttle- . They deeply sympathised with the mis- land, and with her Majesty’s concern for with ministers.— tera for.not calling 0, instead of supe Logislature itself, they could not say that theacis of Ministers were such as they could agree to. They could not look at the operation f the Poor Employment Act and say that it had worked well; for its effect had been to ob. the fields struct the they agree in the wisdom ofthe ministerial m: pply of food to the people; for government ought ve broken through the rul 10 have provided the people of Ireland wit! of food. Lovking at what had occurred in the bi Skibbereen, whe: to and te the last low was there to once to Ire! alluding to on corn, imponed ‘in the Parliam and hi ty. quer, and no whom the pe! wrocure corn. tw and from posed 10 that vh Lord (o private en ow unwit turned out, hi adopted by various rem sons, repre: pire, to keep O’Brien that meet it, and 0 FOVe: to the orders the c upon him. ot Mr. 8. O' together thi nave been that time, obser ad passed read them in tance; and so Napoleon to repeated agai in one poll tility in Euro] pendent kin; of the dipl extinction of 1 taint whi attached also to the annihilation of this its last | and bad induced the three pow et tions, not only with other pow: ith just word. He sh a fow days. noble friend, tim state it, which will g had been don guage hed it present. He government had done its duty! There four bundred thoussad quarters ot wh three ports of London, Liverpool, and Glasgow. What Son to complain. arue from the relazatian of the navigation law: wae tou late now bu be sending the ships of cll nutivne to America, for to America they must go, if they wished to that time they would bring buak 800 WO quarters— mean supply tuwards jecding the people of Ireland. Cue Rn Bi Me eR to have attempted to feed the duse #0 procured. But if th had adopted any such project, it wouid have put a capital, and would have lod to other consequences more prejud would otherwise befa! met by the national resources. suggested, he begged leave to say that the made to Mr. Trevelyan. ed with groat judga id ought to fall upon thi He then defended himself from the attack to attend in Parliament Roebuck’s strictures op the Montpensier marriage, and d that from the criticisms and the late government. tions of the French government would in all probability be disappointed; but the attempts of Louis XV. and of informed the House that the B never entertained for a moment the inte: ing Privcs Leopold, of Saxe Cobui the hand of the Queen of Spain. ference of opinion in that Hou: On the topics of the speech, he would not say anot! is entitled to demand. guage used in ireland of public | conveyance of Ireland and to Neither leave could of politica! supply jarony ot he population had been decimated by famine, could it be now in the Prevent the government from sending it at land to feed the population starving there? the proposition to remove the 4s duty he reptdiuted the idea that it had been consequence of any compact between ent au the agricuitural intere: He friends were anxious to relieve the gov: ernment from the supposition that they were bound to retain that duty in consequence of a compact mude with the agricultural interest, and be thereiore in tormed his nobie trend that it was not their iatention to thiow any obstacie 1m the way of the repeal of that au It would be aloss to the Chancelior of the Exche benefit to the coasumer; fur it would go in- wo ibe pockets of the merchants und forestallers, of ‘ople of Ireland bad glready too much rea He did mot expect much bensfit to ac or tt He advised Ministers to reluw their rigid wrincples of p litical economy, end to send the eight ships up the ane whch they hud now ready for sea at Wie to Americu Jor corn They might make five v that Continent befure the next harvest, an for it was op hunself, avd The hou, mem- nded pported. whieh he had 4 @ Bentinck bad ber had been of opinion that the government ought to ‘ed the world to procure corn, ana that it opie of treland overnment terprise and to the application of p: ri It would have enhanced the price of id Scotland, and would have 1aduced in both countries to have become vernment relief. ing pointed out nd impracticable such a scheme must have e proceeded to defend the mode of relief the government by establishing depots in ote districts of frelond without any dis- turbance to the general m He deiended tne principle of the foor Employment Act as sound and justifiable, and pointed out the ob- stacles which had prevented it from working suc cesstully in Ireland. The employment of 470,000 per- ating a population of 2,000,000 souls, with a payment of £168,000, in onw week, was not a circum stance indifferent in itself, but was @ preguant proof that government was avxious, by the resources of the em: the people from that destitution which i them. Ho admitted to Mr. s the calamity was a national calamity, to be He had endeavored so to for any measure which the government had rhmeat alone, was responsib! which he government and not "Brien for not having called Parliament months ago, and proved very injurious to ha the irish members from whi pon the diplomatic pa; atn that genue: be must have ation from the French documents, which gave a very imperfect account of the British or- | gument. He trine that @ question of this kind was unworthy the atten- tion of the British public. On the contrary, he maintein- od that the recent transaction was one of serious impor- could not agree with Mr. Roebuck’s doc: it was considered by Lord Aberdeen and He thought that the expecta. obtain supremacy in Spain might be in, und the union of France and Spain y would be more likely to lead to nos- pe than if they continued separate and inde- gdoms. He then took a ty view lomatic papers recently published, and itish government on of support. ndidate for ‘was so little dif- Cracow, that he would only say that that ich belonged to the first ould bring torward his different On Monde it, he would give an outline | of them, They would be embodied in different bills, and | private fortuner. The utility of banks consists in serv. | would be submitted in that shape to the House. It his | Lord G Bentinck, had a better plen, let | end let us ail endeavor to perfect those messures which will unite Ireland to England, and ive her that help in her necessity which she He believed that much it Jury @ to the feelings of Englistnen by the lan- jate years, and that thet lan- posed inany Englishmen to exertion at \d in Europe on the | ¥ ll, 1847. Ee population was anxious to do all that was nncessary for the improvement of Ireland. a i Sir R Peer did not rise to disturb the unanimity of the House upon the address, but to remark that there was scarcely one topic in it which might not be debated with | greater advantage when the measures relating to it, were rogularly before the House. With respect to the Corresponlence on the Montpensier mariisge which had appeared iv the French papers, he supposed that it was y @ part of what had taken place He hoped that the nobie lord would publish the rest of it, nud would give all of it which related to the couduct of the lat» go- Vernmeut. Waiting for that correspondence, he would abstain from saying anything fucther upon it then this— that while the late government was in power. it bad made | no efforts to promote any alliance between the Queen of Spain and the House of Coburg He hid always been ot opinion thatit would neither be for the interest of Spain nor for that of Eugiand that such an alliance should take place. He expressed bis deep regre: that the ex- tinction of Cracow had taken place. It wax not ouly an act impolitic in itself but it was elso a virtual departure from the engegementsinto which the three Powers had | entered. He regretted that there no reference to | the state of the revenue in the address, as it would e been of advantage ta the country to Know at once what its prospects were. With respect to Ireland, ne wa: disposed to make every allowance for the ‘measures auopted by Her Maj sty’s Government. did not blame thein for not having called tue Parliament to gether at an earlier period, tor nothing could be done in Ireland without unremitting exertions on the part of the landlords He thought that if the 4s duty had been removed earlier it would have been productive of greater advanta, at present it would, in his opinion, produce but lite We ought not, however, to try the Goverument by © the information we have at this mo- ment, but by the information which it possessed at thetime. After the statement of the noble lo:d, as to the number of stoff officers and other workmen employed by the Board ot Works, he thought that one of the first objects of the House ought to be the restora tion of the natural relations of labor between the em. ployers and tho employed. He then expressed his con- currence in the measure which would give admission to sugar in our breweries and distilleries, but said that bere too, he must rve, that it juld have been of greater advantag: it been earlier. In conclusion, he stated that he did not intend to object to any of the temporary measures which were deemed necessary by those who directed the affairs of the country, and who were responsible ter its security against starvation. Lord Paumen at of Mr. D'la of Utrecht and He showed that Mr. D’Isracli was completely as to the bearing of the treaty ot Vieuna on city of Cracow, and contended, at some length, that the renunciations required by the treaty of Utrecht prevented the succession of any descendant of the Duke of Orleans to the throne of Spain. The address was then agreed to nemine dissentiente, The House then adjourned. The Revenue of Great Britain. ‘(From the London Chronicle, Jan. 6. The returns for the yeur and the quarter ending the Sth inst., published last night, exhibit, in every respect, @ most satisfactory comparison with ‘the corresponding returns of last year. The following are the results of that comparison for the year and the quarter respective: yi Increase on Increase on the year. the quarter. 285, £159,932 269,318 33'M8 62.234 14,000 5,000 ‘ 57 $45,382 mason which a decrease has taken place For the quarter. 51715 C . 475,280 900,859 Iufprest and otver mouey: 131 397 32,200 Repayment of advance: 408,548 101,730 Total.. ... £1,235,125 525,459 early meet each other, actual balance in favor of the year is only £13,032, and in favor of the quarter £19,873. The Financial Crisis in France—The Condt- tion of the Bank of France—The Scarcity of Fuod. {From the Paris Journal des Debats, Jan. 16} The Bank of Frauce has adopted two important deter- mivations. By one it procu through the means of a loan negotiated in London a certain quantity of specie by the other it has raised its rate of discount to 5 per ct, which had been sv long fi per cent. The Loglish houses with which the bank negotiated the affuir have agreed to ad 20,000 000 fraucs for three months, d by bills, the property of the bank.— ernment secu- 52,585 france cessary, but by ing to the Bank of Franc turn for the bills of the English houses, ingots of silver to the amount of 20,000,000. The Bank of England de- monstrated its friendly feeling on this occasion by the moderate terms on which the ingots were delivered. We are happy to see the capitalists and the financial establish: ments of these two great countries lend each other mu- tual assistance, according to circumstances Asto the rise of the rate of interest, the directors of the bank supposed that it would have the effect of limiting the demand for discounts, and, consequently, diminish the amount of bank notes incirculation. The Bank of nce has been induced to adopt these two measures by the further reduction of its reserve in s; This reservo which is generally above 200,000 000!., and which had ‘allen to 100 000,000, six wee! ce, had again declined to 72 000,000, and, includiog the cash in the coff»rs of the branch banks, to 90,000 OvOf It is now conside but the resources derived from London m above 100,000 000. It may be considered ai one baif of the usual amount; but @ tost one of the reproach Bank was on account buition ia which equal Reariv irculation. Under eximing circum: eve of more than 100,000 000 of xpecie on of Dank no’ muUnting to 270 000,- ven u further r y in it reduced to 000, 1» perfectly tiv show d not cre aimty prevaila w uo person knows accurately what amount of specie com m@roial men may require duriug the Dext few months — Toe necessity under which the great w europe find t port wheat in large qua hes renders @ nore than ordinury quanttiy of specie uece: sary, for two reasons. F lent to the import tem adopted by almo produc limits the exchange of tions, snd forces them to export the precious very occasion — If therefore the deficiency of t t crop be not sup: plied by the wheat alroudy imported, we must expect to find the amount of the precious metals in the hands of the bankers further diminished. ‘The Bank 0: England will | sult, which was not foreseen. duced from 8000f. to 1600/, or, including 20801. But experience has developed an Under the i the savings banks, smail savings, which, by 1 form large capitals. were beginning but alo themselves towards the Treasury. end thet the Benk. where they gove fresh life toc industry, The new law tends to divert th direction. There are im the country sever cash in small sums, which rem: without cause they do not assist in the reproductio We could not encourage them toe much to at Jeast. the road to tLe Bunk of France, p tho savings banks and the public Treasu: wishing todoso. it has discruraged the; regret that fact agd place them in the conclusion, the fiaancial condition of the comprised, but it demands more then o: Every one renders homage to the pru¢ gence of the Bank of France. enticipste and provide for all ev. | nature they may be. The generw] means are indicated beforehand by practice, and! the Government will not be wanting necessary ; but for thet pur interpret present events for t (From the Journal des Debate, J: “We by no m ndesvor to di trial to which the rial fortune of Fra: ne we seriously affected Inundations, penury of provisions, poli all have weighed heavil 3 De in the midst of those complications, it is com to perceive how fruitful the resources are which’ in itselt. Were we even to be teu optimieme, we shall not hesitate to declare that of our prosperity has not been affected so far as leave any durable or profound traces, since the pro of affairs, the activity of commercial transactiot id the public comforts, in place of diminishing, have ed in comparison with the progress of precedi: y ‘The total amount of the customs and excise in Year 1846 amounted to $23,291 ,000f . being an increase 19,399, 09Of. over that of the year 1845. ‘I'he increase the year 1845 over that of the year 1844 was o} 15 035,000f , consequently the year 1846 was more perous than that of 1845. A fact not less remarkeb that the increase occurred principally during the quarter, which it might have been considered wo! have been most seriously affected by the affairs. ‘The first nine months produced an 13,183,000f. ; the last three produced a surplui 0001, On analyzing the items producing th we find, that of 18 branches of public revenue show a slight diminution—colonial sugar, salt, mail-coaches ; the others are progressing in able degroe, and the situation of affairs is, wi more satisfactory than might have been expec fact is a ee motive for trusting confidently, sources of the country for the year 1847. (From the Paris Courier Francais, Jan ‘The bank has boen the victim of a specu, German banke! The latter, find could procure their bills to be discounted exported the specie to Germany which the: their bills from the Bah! rate of discount is kof France. In, igher than in Paris, an gained the difference on 40,000,000 of spec Gemmany. ‘ation, tionary, when fall of a sudden the perienced an extraordinary and truly app ‘rom no part of Fi do we receive inte in the market. The ral and affects all sorts of grain. ‘The centre are ey: visited with the scourge, and this accounts for the disturbances which have manifest- d themselves inthose countries, where agitation sub- sides m one rica to recommence on another. From the Lower Loire, in Mayenne, Ille et @ et Loire, an unexpected has taken place, and excessive alarm prevails. The vame may be said of the province of Berry, of the ep: {ments of ‘and Loire et Cher. Indre, Indre et Koire, From thence the movement extends, on the one side to the Bourbonnais, and on the other to the Orleanpais. The sack of flour has already reached the enormeus price of 100f. on differeut point, icularly in the Cher, where the hectolitre of wheat sells for 36. and 37f. At Orleans the price of flour will shortly be as high, being quoted at from if. to aC. At Paris the price of flour augments from If to 2f at every market, and nobody i part with Two days ogo the highest price was 92/.; and, to-day, the sack of four war not to be had fer vol. On Friday there was u further increase of 45c., which raises the price of bread to 49c., per kilogramme, and no one can say thet it will not reach 50c. befere close of the menta. The Courrier Frangais states that during several days past the hospitals of Faris have been crowded to excess with patients. The dist and addi labor imposed on the op: have produced this melancholy (From the Paris Moniteur, Jan. 17.] Serious disturbances have taken place in the de; ent of the Indre. Several carts laden with were traversing the srrondissement of % were stopped on the 13th, between Leroux cais. ‘The rioters compelled the drivers to /uol corn at Buzancais, where they sold it at a pi rably under that of the market. Du 13th the rioters received a considera! and on the l4th the disturbance assumed the mob. ‘The prefect of the Indre proceeded immec ly to the scene of disturbe: accompenied by King’s Attorney General, but, finding the military force under his orders sient to restore orde! spatched an officer for a reinforcement, determined to maks @ sulutary example of the ringleaders. Correspondence from Bayonne, of the td4thfult, states that the price of maize (indian corn) which had previous- ly been extremely moderate, had risen in the course of @ tow days mor T 80) a quarte: forme announces @ further rise ia tl t of from If to 2f the hectol The Echo Agrtecte announces the ret lat Rouenof several curgoes of wheat trom Li d for the supply Prefect uf the Seine ‘iver Seine, in order that the boats despatched to Paris should encouuter no delay. Ire: . The accounts from nearly every part of Ireland differ but Litde in cescribing the real situation of the people. Wo select a few asa specimen of the whole :— Tne Cork Examiner sums up the state of things in the neighborhood of Skibbereen. In the parish of Kilmoe, 14 died on Sunday: 8 of these were buried in coffins, 11 were buried without be exposed to see its gold withdrawn in the sume man. ner as silver has been withdrawn trom the Bank of France. Unfortunately, no person can tell, even approx imately, whether France is sufficiently supplied with corn uatil next har’ Any caiculativa on the point is difficult, because the questivn is complicated. It is not the wheat crop alone which has failed. Were that the fact, the supply already imported would, perhaps, be sul. ticient; but we have to replace other descriptions of grain, which have likewise tailed, by foreign wheat; and inthis respect, we cannot calculate the extent of our wants, If we found it necessary to import several mil- lions of hectolitres of wheat, independently of the 4,000, 000 already received from abroad, we should find them without difficulty, as there ficient wheat in the world forsale. It is not, therefore, the scarcity of wheat which is menacing, but we must pay for it with bullion because, through an unfortunate inspiration, the differ. ent nations reiuse to exchange their produce with cach other. In thatcase the Bank of ince would be further embarrassed. We shall bast to add that, by flaancial dy by the may be easily removed ment. But we must ac- and hold ourselv: ary : ‘entative efect ould it become imminent; tor, by thi measure, it would attract as much specio asit might quire. On its part, the Bank of France, get the measures to be discussed, might consider the of irsuing bank noten of the amount of and even of 100 francs, Bank notes of 100 francs would be @ most coavenient medium of exchange. The result would be an increased circulation of bank notes, with @ much less quantity of specie. This measure might be founa effective for a future crisis. It is singular that France should at this moment experience a scarcity of bullion, for it is certainly the, country whore it is most abundant. According to the most accredited calculation, the proportion of silver coiu current in France is three fold that which is sufficient for all commercial transactions in the united kingdom of Greut Britain and Ireland. It is equal to six times what fonnd necessary in the U. States of America twelve years since, when the country was most Sourishing, in, before the attack of General Jackson on the bau nfortunately, the habits with which the genius of com- merce has i the Anglo-Saxon population of 8 anknown amongst us. tity of silver Moreover, © quantity of earth, which of all | orile, | It thus hay in for his own priv: silver coin ia modes of investment is : that, with a real superabundance of silver coin, we ° the appearance of wanting it. In England and inthe United States every one rids himself of bit positing it in public or private commercial est ments, who turn it t nd all om: | ployed in a productive manner. |The pa difficulties other covering than the rags they wore whi One gentieman, o fe ind eharitable men, spesking of this cave, says ¥ it uppolling, that we muat throw away all feelings saya—' would 6d. for a coffia’ Skibbereen workh month ; 8 have died in one day ! Downing state: y rely and solely forthe purposeof getting a coffin.’ Reverend Mr. Clancy visits afarm, and thore, he administered the last rites of six persons’ @n a subsequent occasion, for death a father and int “ The Reverend Mr. family lying down in fever.’ he Rev Mr. Fitzpatrick retires to .rest at 8 o’cloc} in the morning, and rises after a couple of hours heat sleep. It is the same with coadjutors. “Dr Donovan solemnly assures a public meeting re ‘ dropping in dozens about them.’ i at work on the public than fever; for the unfed w: enough to keep their biood in cit lation, and they drop down trom the united effect cold and hunger—never to rise again. The accounts from Mayo, given inthe Freeman\ Journal, are very puinful. In the parishot Cong, 27 deaths occurred within a week; neighbor; a like number in three weeks. The Rev. Pat gerald, Roman Catholic curate of Kilgeever, thus illus- Wates the intensity of the famine: — “| shall never forget the impression made on my mind afow days ago by a most heartrending case of starva- tion. | have witnessed the poor mother of five in family sending her little children, almost lifeless fi a to bi nd, despairing of ever again seeing them she took hor last leave of them. In the act was to touch their lips with her hi breath of life still rem aine were not ground for not a breath some of her dear little children; that in the night of y By way of climax may be oddod the f relation from the Cork Constitutional. “Going into the hotel yard, | percei woman rush by m «d take some fis! @ fetid pool, and re' Ketting outsi and then fell; but, whi one bot the peoplo ir. more destructi es have not garey A brie! the subscription relief of the distressed peo} Ireland and Scotland. are happy te 51 large numbor of additional donations are about vertised. It cannot be too strongly enforced that ing a8 well as money is required, and that to a verv amount indeed, to relieve tne pant distress wh. nany of our fellow subjects are suffering at the pi moment. All the aid that can be rendered to the com which France wiil experience may perhops serve to en- lighten us, d to Cause US to contract habits more con. | ducive to the aggrandisement of public wealth and of | ing as a@ receptacle for all capital for which immediste employment cannot be found, Let us, at least, endeavor | to derive 60 much instructi:n from the embarrassment | whieh ad ge nt prevails, This fitting opportunity to remark that the lest law onthe # banks con- tained a dgfect, which was not perceived at the moment | when it hig Wpeos This law was intended w prevent the danger dt too great an accumulation of funds in the ved, however, that the majority o1 our | bands ot Govetmment subject to an immediate demand for emeunt of each pay ment, \ it may be reasonably antic! that hundreds upon hundreds of pounds sterling will soon wdded to the Relief Fund. Amongst the subecrip! tions we find the following, rome of which we named 1 the brief account ay :—The Queen, £20004 Prince Albert, £00; the Duchess of Gloucester, the Duke of Devonshire, £1000; Mesara. rothers, & (0 #1000 Pay: 100 Buxt £1000; Lord Juhu Russell, £1 tions of £200 have been received fror andjeoversi other 4 eutlemen, and “