The New York Herald Newspaper, February 6, 1847, Page 1

Sa —=———— Vol. XIII, Ho, 36-—-Whole No, 4633 NEW == THE NEW YORK HERALD.| JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR. Circulation---Forty Thousand. aDAILY HERALD— iuvery day, Price? cents per eopy—$7 | F AnDUM—pays * RERLY BUS aL Dtirery Bacurdey—Pricg 63 conte F eopy—$3 | m—payable ‘ PRERALD FOR GUROTEkvery Bitam ‘Faskes day. 6\% cents per copy—§3 00 per annum, payable im LABVeerisemenrs at the usual prices—always exsb PRINTING ofall kinds executed with beanty and des a All t ications, by mail, addressed to the ablishmment, must be post paid, or the postage will be de- nated from the subseri a moLey om AMS SORFON"s " | { | rt tor of the y. Yous N: North Westleorm con dally, (Sune a es the fout (6m o’el ck, AM. of Market street, kB, for No fronghy taken ia the Passenger Li at Bridgeport,and without chan; arrive in Albauy and T: id Locomotive engines in every respect equal te (FA Freight Line by Steamers Ni daify—Frevebt ‘Larift same as lust yexr.—For further par. liculare nuguire Jat the Ofice on Blarkat street Pier, and oie Sxpres®s@’ M. PERRY, Agent. ULD Be TABLISHED PASSAGE UF FL JE, ib and Mohegan, 47) PEARL STLERT. | SAMUEL 1HOMPSUN ASD NEPHEW, \ Agaxrs you Tay “Bisex Stan” Line op Packets. iT Liverpool to Ne ork. 1847, Shipe Captaii Ts Reg. Tne Bin Terk 1408 Li erty, £8 Cornelia, FM Ohio, | HL indel Hicks, 1. mpire, (new) 1G Re Pouth we Indiaua, Jaume: Haguenot, Marinien, (new) Peter Hattrick, # ligabeth Deniaton, Devonshire, wot shipe t» their ii , 1, which has been thvora have no r t engage: we of their friends from England, Id or Irelaud, tha. they will find these ships iufe nove i point of comfort, couvenience and safe wh eh will sail from Li age per sex bread tuff and hospital mouev paid, may be 1 tled for decliue coming out, the fail amouot paid will be prompuly refunded, a usaal, For further particolars, a) to WAMUAL THOMPSON & NEPHEW, 7? | street, or to C. Grimshaw & Co., 10 Goree Piazzas, Liv’pl. | Drafts or exehange, payable at sight, are-elao furnished for gay avonat, on K. U. Glyn & Co.’ Bankers, London; C Grimshaw & Co., Liverpool; the National Bank of Scotland; N:tional Bank of iretawd,aad Northern Banking Co. Apply as above fed mer M GREAT BRI | AND | PaBsAGE TO AND FRO TAIN AND IREL, GEORGE SHERLOCK & 60/8 LU ESTABLIS sD tassage Office, 158 Maiden Lane Noric itr, G She lock will satt tor Liverpool, on tae Oth of Kebruary, and r-wamn there during March and Aprit, to personally superiutend thi et hee pad pessougers. Persoos wishing to frieuds, oula do well to avail themselves of Pport pitv aa MS. rerarns New York m Muay. jail twerh THE NEW CONSTITUTION—Tos magnia | cent, new packet ship will sail from New York on ps3 ‘ow Liverpuol ou the 6th April. ‘The VO 2ist imatin!, and fo TILUTION is tre largest (being 1,600 tons , we ster) and decidedly the mest eleganc of all the L.verpool ines. ket ship Koes ueqaslied for cebii . Persons seading tor their fiends wilt ever offered. Apply on ap, or to ‘or . 86 South street, NY. UNON CINm OF FacKerS Tu AND FLOM LIVERPOOL.—" hempiendid and fa iL racket Ship GALS NA, Capt.Den riday Webraary Sth, and from tthe loth day of vavch next. ‘he accommo- sof ums maguificenc packet for comfort aud conve Bee it ja well kuown ere superior to most other packet ehips se wishing 'o secure berths, or th bout send- ing (Or their feuds ia part of the ola cowntry woald do weil to examine the * ” and her accommodations, be- fore engiging clsewhe: rly application should be made ou board 100% of Pine st orto W. & J.T. TAPSCOTT, 86 “outh street, 2d door below Buriing Slip. One ofthe above line of packets will he dispatched twice & werk daring che searon from Livernool. Drafie oa lretand,&e. for any amount, at sight, by applying as abr ve, feth Late eiscommanded by the distiognished Capt. John (Lee of the ip he FO LIVERPOOL—New Line—iegalar tack= for February 26.—The superior fastesailivg packet GAKKICK, Capua y tous eal amyibor e, gular For freight or | parsaye, having-ace mmodaiions uusurpoased for splendor or comfort, apply on board at Oxteans wharf, toot of Wall wureet, oF tO EDWARD K COLLIS, Hiteoot gus 96 South street, shoe of passage $100, Lae packet ship ROSCIUS, A. Eldridge, master, will d the Garick, and sail 6th March, her regular day FUG LIVEMPUUL—Ine New Line—Ac- quier Packetof 2let February —Ti hid rior, nsi-sailing packet. ship CONSTITU. 1,606 tous burthen, Capt. Jobu Brittou, will aail as above, her re- day ht or passage, having splendid, large aud comfort- abl rooms and cabin, apply te the captain on board, at weat pier Bui ot to HULL & MINTURN, 87 South at. The packer OLTINGUER, 1058 toas varthen, Capt. fr. Barse eod (ue Constitucion, and sail on her rewutar ony. 2tnt Mareh 23 ee ee bees OR Lapt. Le Roy. For f eight or pes-ake, apply to PIL GT & be BARBER. fan D& HISCKE Ss, Be kere. q Ww UF iE LN5-—-Lowisiana and New ie y e of Packets —legu'nr packet for Mon: diay, Febuary 13th. Phe apfendid fat nail 2 pueke map et N. Captain Gregg, will posti. cry eailas €, Der regular day. For fieight or passge, having handsor apply on be Positively no fr ecommodations, d, at Uleaas wart, foo of wall street, or to ki. K. COLLING, 56 South at. hr will’ be received ou board after Baturiiay &. Ke n Feb’y. Agents ia New Orleans, John O. Woodraff & Co.. who wt i31th wilt promply (orward all goods to th KOK NeW OKLE NS Vo k Lie of Packere—Regul 15 hin ne vegular end “BAN, Win. Hathaway, myste shove, herreguinr day. For frety ly on | boxrd) at svew Orlerus whurt too: of Walt street rtf jt, EDWARD K. COLLINS, 96 Routh st Po ttively freigit received on board after Saturday eveni g. 13 hinst. Aven: in New Orleans, Johan O. Woodruff and Co, why will prompl rd ali goods to their addr N. B, Shivpers way dver ‘The packet oF paseng \y, Se 3G eel EMIGRALION OFFI 10 seud for their fri | riland, lvelands Seo lent | em brought oatiat | ENA,” on the 0th eh, on 6.10 W.&J T. TAPSCOTT, | wi 96 Sonth street. use en, lore iii et pitie lore. ow art thou profined, j Pecudo-science, ), sxcred science o, their education at common schools. Whoa she tow quacks, and vagrauts aurestrained, M d, and contended that the children Flaaet c thy 10) vag+bonds are knowa | of the poor were almost the only stadents atthe colloges nr wv ay name Who aever wrote their own: in the interior of this State, He stated that the children orists their addled schemes, eemly product of d: Jinpnte to thee!=as co ‘Their spurions baotl When each p ojecta Or happy towadr of Tavokes thine rid to cel And crown with gold anchropie eares; Tis Jelam’s hawkers piously peoelnim poping an the prophetir narme! AVIS'S COLD CANDY asnonld not be d wih theanovesiire It isthe happy and ac- © oction of a fi-eside, and laying to elsimtosci- | ence, in the common aceept n ¢ iow colds, eonghs, iT h, wflae » O lead to the dread edas p rd. proved by the uameroas testtmosials of cur moi men Dold by Mrs. JERVIS, $59 Broadway, next door to the Tax bernsele. Rushton & Co. 19 Astor House, 110 aud 856 Broad. et, 64 Bowery; Baton 9 Sixth Aresnes Wee ¥ Vt 3 Hudson st: Ne térand and Di- ays. 139 Fulton st, and Williems, Broad st, New: bly signed Mes. W! JER vIa Vee np io prekamen of ts, 26, 49 fos mr t RAGS, RAGS FPA eubrerive s will pay the highe: h inea and co.'on rags, b entiings grass rope, 0 other stoek for fivered ot their Paper Works, Windeor b | ij thet Payer Wasnt ay Cy | wr VERSE & BROOKS, 66 & 67 Nassan ot, | John Collyer be inserted in one of the blanks. | the Senator, that @ committee of three be appointed to aft Poesee Se | democrats nominate and insist upon two members of tho | mon schools; the section also provides, that there shall of rich perent | Sent to old Yale or the Cambrid Protection which the State extends to common schools. | tion of capital punishment, which aro being constantly | received, and from other indications, I judge the present | Legislature will pass an act to submit the question of ca. pital punishment to the popular vote. Yea referred the petition of Mr. H. R Hastings. of New | Yor | alieg tion. AFFAIRS IN ALBANY. | LEGISLATIVE PROCEEDINGS, TELEGRAPHIC, Atnany, February 6, 1847, Senate. The bill sppropriating the incomo of the common fund was passed. 4 The Senate was engaged in Committee of the Whole | on the bill for the appointment of commissioners to codi fy | the laws, Mr. Hanp moved that the names of Alvah Wordenand | ‘schoo | This was decided to be out of order, asthe question was on fixing the salaries of the commirsioners. Mr. Spancen addressed the Senate in favor of fixing the salary of the commissioners at $2,600 per annum each. The debate was not finished when the Sen ed. | adjourn’ | | Assembly, Mr. Wenman presented a petition from 6,500 inhabi. tants of the city of New York, against the repeal of the license law of 1645, and praying that its provisions may be extended to that city. A memorial was presented from the State Medical So- ciety, praying {or aid to the College of Physicians and Surgeons of New York. Five memorials were presented for a repeal of the law of 1814, relative to Trinity Church corporation. Mr. McFaaranp reported a bill to extend the right of pilotage by wey of Hurlgate. Mr. Deve.in presented concurrent resolutions relative to immigrant passengers. They were adopted The bill to appropriate the revenues from the school fund wastaken up, but no vote was taken on it; the pending question was the motion of Mr. Bascon, to add the further sum of $25 000 to the capital of the sehool fund, from the income of the United States depoaite fund. The bill to organize the judicial districts was then taken up. The bill reported by Mr. Cuanpirx, was offerod asa substitute, and after debate, was rejected, 42 to 25. The House then adjourned. | = BY THE mALL Avnanr, Feb. 4, 1847—10 P. M. The Legal Commissioners—Democratic Caucus The democratic members of the Legislature met in the Senate chamber this evening at 7 o'clock, for the pur- Pose of nominating gentlemen for the office of Commis sioners to revise the laws, &c, according to the require: ments of the constitution. David R. Floyd Jones, of Now York, was appointed chairman, and Messrs. Develin, of New York, and Pratt, of Onondaga, were appointed se cretarics. Senators Young, Clark, Hend, &c., and some promi nent members of the lower House, were present, and Participated in the debate. Sixteen Senators and thirty- six mombers of the House, answered to their names on the calling of the roll. Mr. Hand, of the Senate, moved that it is expedient for the meeting to proceed to a nomination. Mr. Watson moved, as an amendment to the motion of confer with the whig members of the Legislature, and to ascertain whether they are disposed to concur in the appointment of an equal number of whig and democratic Commissioners. Mr. Sickles moved, as a farther amendment, that the Ese of revisors and one member ef the board of codifi- cation. The motion and amendments were discussed at great length; anumber of members would not consent to be bound by a caucus nomination. The coucns finally agreed to vote wica vove for one member of the board of codification, and for two mem bers of the board of revisors. &c. Some of the members refused to nominate any Candidate because th; y would not be bound by @ caucus nomination. Thirty members nominated Rueben H. Walworth as codifier of the two nomin: Chas. H. Ruggles; dgwick, Rueben H. Walworth imously nominated as one of the Ronit ot a ae , er several lotings, Nicholas Hill, Jr., a clared to be nominated one of the revisors ind plify ers of the practice. Aphaxed Loomis, of Herkimer, was the next most prominent candidate, and the caucus adjourned. wel Sond nen eat re, ag ton on joard of comm: ere; Alvah Worden, of Ontario, and John A-Collien, ton) of Albany, as codifiers of the laws; and Davi Graham, of New York, and a M: rs, of Westera New York, us revisors of the practic LEGISLATIVE PROCEEDINGS, Aunany, Feb. 4, 1847. Senate. The President appeared, and called the Senate to order. A memorial was ri ed irom the State Medical So. ciety praying for the establishment of an asylum for | idiots. In the luna yluma no provision is made for | idiots ir. Back ready introduced a bill having pera object in view. The memorial was re- ferred. LUNATIC asYLuM. Mr. Harp, from the printing committee, reported in fa: | vor of the motion of Mr. Spencer, to print 2500 copies of | the annual report of the managers of the State Lunatic | Asylum. A mojority of all the senators elected not voting to agree with the report, it was laid upon the ta ble for the present. COMPULSORY ADJUDICATION. The important bill amendatory of the revised atatutes, already published by you, entitled, “An act to compel | the determination of claims to real property in certain | cases,” was passed by the Senate—ayes 20, 1 ‘The bill providing for the distribution of and documents of the constitutional conven passed the Senate By the terme of the bill, each volum ob of State, to be deposited among the archives ton ; one to the Governor of One to every county clerk inthe State, kc ks. wee ioe Peet ol be Proceedings, o Coat hed made to ing forward the bill a the legal commission- ers, but it failed. pi ‘4 COMMON ECHOOL FUND, &s. | Tho Senate resolved itself into Committee of the Whole on the bill reported by Mr. Sedgwick, from the Committee on Literature, entitled An act appropria- ting the ennual revenues of the common school, litera ture and United States deposite funds.” The bili as originally drawn contemplated eppropria. tions to the colleges, academies, medical, and other insti tutions, &c. But the sections of the bill were to- severally stricken out, except the first section, instruct ing the State Treasu: to pay out of the common acheol fund, h of the years 1847 and 1849, to the veral counties, and the Chamberlain of the city of New York, the sum of ono hundred and ten thousand dollars, f of schools, the apportionment made by the Superint. Se y | Washing. | h state in the Union, and dent of com- be paid cut of the*United Stat deposite fund, in the like purpose, the sum of ooe hun red and ten thousand dollars; and that there shall be peid fifty-five thousand dollars for the payment of the of teachers of common schools, &c.; fourteen 1d dollars is also appropriated for the payment of aries of county superintendents of common Mr. Srexcen made a motion to reduce the sppropria- tion of filty-five thousand dollars for the pay ment of the | salaries of the teachers of common 5 he 8 to forty- five thousand dollars, and to give the $10,000 remaining to colleges and academies. Tho motion wan oppesi Mr. Spencer was charged schools, and he wi children received with considerable feeling — ith being hostile to common jinded that many thousands of who could afford to pay $1,000 annually ion of their children, were commonly Igo Univorsity ; that when poor students at Hamilton and Union colleges could not their bills they were cancelled, &c., &*., ko. For reasons he urged that the colleges and aca- ire equally entitled toa share of that aid and for the edu: The motion of Mr. Spencer was rejected. hn the committee rose and reported the bill to the And the Senate agroed to the report of the committes. And the Senete adjourned. " Assembly. From the immense number of petitions for the aboli- | IMPEACHMENT OF MR. M'KKON, Mr. Portie from the Judiciary Committee, to which | ying for theimpeschment of John Mo hon prosecution of a had had the eon, for | |, reported that the com: | r cousideration, and on | the honorable gontleman begged ‘he Cienx read the resolution, which is as follows :— Resolved, That the prayer of the petitioner ought not 'o be granted. And the House unanimously egreed to the resolu. AMERICAN TRACT SOCIRTY, Bar Bowrs, of New York, offered the following resolu- | iw territory. == rican Tract Society are hereby called upon to report to this Houro, under oath, the number end nature of the books, &c. published by them, and if they are not now and have not been heretofore, dealing in paper, paste, board, binders’ leather, and other urticles contrary to their charter; and that they also report, under oath, the fall amount of their income from donations, rent. sale of ind other sources, and the full amount of all sala. nd perquisites paid or given to their various officers inceme does or does not exceed ten thousand dollars per annum, the amount authorised by their charter. ‘The House passed the resolution. It looks as if the charter of the society was in danger | of revocation. THE NORTHERN PRisow. | A resolution making additional appropriations for the maintenance of this prison, and provicing for the ap- | pointment of a committee to inspect the institution, and report to the Legislature, possed the House, to-day. | THY PARVIOUS QUESTION—THY GAG. Mr. Sicu.es introiuced a resolution, yesterday, to amend the 26th standing rule of the House, so that two: | thirds (instead of a majority,) of all the members present | should be ne ry to second the previous question, whenever it @ moved. The resolution was called up this morniug. and deba- ted with great feeling. The mover stated that he had been constrained to introduce it on account of the arro- ance and intolerance of the majority, and of th pea: ker, whom he compared to acouatry schoel master, and whom he cautioned to observe greater impartiality and equanimity of temper, toward the minority. Atl? o’clock,M, Mr Sicxixs withdrew the resolu. tion, ns his object, he said, had been fully accomplished. COMMON SCHOOL FUND, KC. And the Houso resolved itself into committee of the wholo, on the bill making appropriations from the Uni- ted States Deposite and Common School Funds, for the * t of colleges, academies and common schools. No action was bad. There isa similar bill pending in | the Senate, or already passed. The House bill is, there. fore, of un for an importent bill origi in the House has never been, and | believe never will be passed by the Senate during the present session, without | material amendment. | Mr. Rurnxsrovp introduced a bill for the establi | ment of free evening schoulu in the city of New York ; | aneminently philanthropic proposition. And the House | adjourned, | Our Troubles with Brazil. | (From the Jornal do Commercio, Rio de Janeiro, De- | cember 17] | On the evening.ef the Bist of last mozth (October, | 1846) as a patrol of regulars was making its round, they saw @ sailor, who proved to belong tothe American sloop of war Saratoga, attack some others with knife ip hand. They arrested him and two others; but as they were about proceeding with them to the guard house of the Iinperial Square, an officer of the same slap camo up and demended of the patrol the release of the prisoners. Tuis being refused, he went and got his sword from a neighboring cutler’s, and aided by some sailors and indi- viduals of the same nation, attempted to rescue the p soners by force. In the meanwhile, an escort of fus leers, who were engaged in drumming up recruits, came up, and joining the patrol, they forced the sailors along with them towards the guard house, giving them an oc casional shove, as they were not disposed of their own accord to budge. The officer kept following and me nacing the patrol, sword in hand, until they entered the square, where the commandant of the guard, to prevent the sentinels from seizing him, beckoned him to sp- proach and disarmed him himselt A multitude of people gath in the perse the crowd and preserve order, the guard were reinforce The Consul of the United Stat 0 pre: ed the commandant of the which ‘he declining to d jainst the refusal juare; to dis ‘taken in charge of a Brazilian officer, to the head quarters of the corps of regulars, and the three i the aljube, (fort or prison.) facts, which are of public notoriety, and whioh we had not thought it worth while to publish in our columus, as we did not suppose they could be the source of serious difficulties, have assumed acertein importance 80 that it is no longer possible to pass them ovor in si- lence particularly since the proceeding we know ne word to qualify Commodore Rousseau, chief of the United States navul station at this place, in a proceeding which was witnessed day before yesterday by the population of the city. That every infraction of the laws or public regulatio! perpetrated upon the territory of # nation, is puni by the authorities of the country, appears to us an ico! testible principle of the laws of natio: Whatever be the quality of the tranrgressor, we ta principle can m ed’; and avy departur regulations in ould be das on ed a warrant for ridi lt. culous pretensio: Such, howe conseq of refle P ry pears to sup) nation cannot be great unless repre on nder foot the most incontestib! rights of other p not allowed him to view as an ect of kindnes: ion taken by the impe- ming "the imprisonment of the les with the declare. that this act was not to prejudice the con e process which had been began against tinuation of th bim. ‘the plenipotentiary of the United States ascribed per- haps to weakness this act of courtesy of the imperial go: vernment, and the legal imprisonment of the American officer, therefore, appeared \o his eyes an insult for | which he pretended to claim the most formal reparation The release of this oficer, seized in Asgrant transgres sion. making an attack upon the publie force, and enter- ang the imperial square with drawn eword in pursuit of a patrol which had arrested some American sailors fuund making @ disturbance and ermed witn knives, wus on the pact of ths imperial government a deviation from strict made out of exceeding respect for the government United States, and based upon the urgent necessity which was alleged to exist, itisseid, by Com. Rousseau, departure of tho Saratoga. But this deviation from act of couries: hot met at the banda of the minister the interpretation it would receive ry ambassador, who, knowing his own rights, gnizes the rights of foreigners. Mr. Wise, as informed, would not censent to uc ee ol the officer (atierths latter hed been giv %) accompanied with the declaration that thi against him wes to continue, but demanded pe | remptorily his release without eoudition,she dismissal of | the commandant of the guard of the square, and the pun ishment of the soldiers who arrested the Americ n sai lors, refusing to recognise inthe soldiers th of a legal force, tle represented the jmp the officer and sailors as an insult to the flag, and com- mand of Commodore Rousseau ; argued tuat they were upon the coast, and thet in littore, Brazil has not a per fect sovereignty ; that tho sailors having boen quarrel- ing among themselves in the presence of an American officer without offence to any citizen of Brazil, the authorities of the Country hed no rigut to interfere, ended by declaring that if hia demands were not com | wi pecified time, be would to recommend | Commodore Rousseau to refrain trom using the meuns he | holds in his power. ‘The singular doctrine of the American plonipotentiary is thus wo seo, carried to the point of denying the sovereignty of Brazil over the square where the oft was committed, of refusing to acknowledge the cl ter of a legal force in patrols of regulars and fusileers becaure of accidental chroumel ir the want of bril- liant uniforms, and finally, of pr \ding that Americans were not to be punished by the laws of the country ior the crimes they may perpetrate against exch other upon When people have the face (quando se tem valor.) to make demands of the nature of those pre- | ferred by Mr. Wise, and sounded in similar pretensions, it i2 not to be wondered that the simplest fact should give rise to serious misunderstandings. The American Minister,on being resisted in his unusual pretevsions, suspended, e informed, hia correspon- dence on the sutject with the imperial government, and the latter, we are also informed, accepted the suspension. But for the American plenipotentiary, since he hud re- ferred the matter to hia own government for decision, there was no reason to cl his relations of oge the course he should pur- ship and good will with the p ‘er the latter, in order to upbold dignity 08 wa duty, refused to adopt the measure which the wished to prescribe for the soluti Jithes rm ip aud Mr proceeds aa if the United States were n the eve of open rupture with Braz: The 15th of the present month, (No ber.) was de nated for the baptism of Her Highness, the Princess Isabel Some days be fore, an cflicer of the imperial navy boarded the American frigate Columbia, to apprize 5 Rous-eau that on the occasion of the christening, the Brazilian vessels of war would show their colors and fire a salute, and to invite nim to do the same—an invitation no foreign navel communder refuses to comply with. Com. Rousseau declared, however, that during the con flict (O eorflieto) which wes pending between the gov- eroment of the Unied States and that of Brezil, he should abstain from showing any of the courtesies which are customary between civilized nations ! ORK, SATURDAY MORNING, FEB | & two-fold interest | 110 mils | sea, at all times contains water varying from t Day before yesterday, then, while most of the foreign thips of war were taking purt in the demonstrations of | notional rejoicing made by the Brazilian squadron, the A in frigate Columbia exhibited to the people of this | 4 scandalous spectacle of remaining ia our port en indifferent spectator of these rejoicings, neither showing colors nor firing © gun—a scandal oll the more unjustifia- ble for taking place on a festival of the august imperial famil Ns, if we are, os we believe, well informed, is the complicated situation to which the American plenipoten: tiary, without doubt through thought! (sem du irreflezion) has brought a matter in itself simple Great importauce, and suscepuble of a prempt and emicable adjustment. We trust that his government, in disapproving such «course of conduct, will be salished with the friendly and well-intentioned proceeding of the imperial government, on tho occasion of the imprison. | | ment of the lieutenant and sailors of the sloop Saratoga; and that onr own government will receive full satistac- tion for the gratuitous insult offered day beture yestor- day to the imperial family and Brezilian nation by Com Rousseau, in obedience, we are told, to the orders ot his minister. | Gate.—There was a severe South East gale | here yesterday (Wednesday) afternoon. It ¢ mmenced at about 3 o’clock and lesied till7, The Connecticut fiver is broken up Tbe ice was thin, anda rise, causod by the torrents of rain that fell on Wednesday, at once 100k ik off Hartford Times, Feb. 4. Resolved, That the Officers and Directors of the Ame- The Albany Argus Th eanti-rent priconers re- leased trom the Clinton count; n pardon rison by the Go " ‘rtived bere yeuterdsy.” ison by the Governor's RUARY 6, = —~ ra ss 1847. SSS Steam Commanfe: and the South¢ {From the London D In taking a general view of the condit ‘States of America and of this coun’ our commercial relations, it is impo i th its of | Paid for rebuilding two engines Fivision of the Union. Of the former, the pursuits of | a for rebuilding two engines and thirty the people are so similar to those of this country, and) | and persons in their employment; and whether their net | the products of the soil so Jittle in excess of the immedi- ate wants cf the home population, that every year must make them more and more our rivaly than our custo, | mers, While, on the other hand, in the southern aod | south-western States, the capital and labor of the coun try are almost exclusively employed ia raising those | productions which we either do not raise at ail or whioh | we raise in insufficient quantities for our consumption, but which are all essentiel to the existence cf our popa- | lation and our manufacturing industry. In the northern ( half cf the Union. manufacturing indastry has already | so far advanced, that they havea large surplus to dis- pose of, while their population has increaved so much, | that their growth of agricultural produce is barely equal } to their consumption. (a the other bend, in the south- ern and western States, the case is reversed. Their | commerce isin graia, cotton, rice and tobacco, whieh | hid fair to occupy their labor and their capital so profita- bly for many years to come, that manufacturing of apy kind is not likely to be adopted to any extent. It is not difficult, then, to unde: id the tiflelion which haa been of late so obvi and tendencies of the South which should fal ulat with regard to the prineip their externalcommerce. The Northern Stat n maintaining the princip! it Britain excluded th riking dis- in the views ind the Northern Stat excluded the produce of Grent Britain, by hig! manutacturers of New England had a two-fold ad ntage in such mutual restrictions. They limited the market for Ametican produce, kept the price artificially lower, ond enabled the manufacturing Siatea to be su plied with food eveu lower, in comparison with the tivale in England, than natural circumstances would worrant ; while such restrictions, on the other haud, gave them o more exclusive command over the home market, and enabled them to enforce higher prices from the Souther and Western States than they could have done under a fair competition. But those two-fold ad vantages to the Northern States have operated as a two- fuld disadvantage to the Southern States. The latter, by the operation of these restrictions on each side of the Atlantic, have hitherto been cetmpelled to accept a price for their produce inthe home market much below its real value, under a free trade in England, while, at the same time, they have been compelled to pay a much Ligher price for ell they require to purchase than they would do under a free trede in America. The restrictive systems of England and the United States have been thus aclear two-fold advantage to the northern half of the Union, while they have equally been a two-fold loss to the Southern and South-Western States. It is, then, no matter of surprise that the ableat and clearest hi id men in America have lony that, if this system of re- strictions on commerce @ perseverod in, the diver betw the North and the South mast, Jong time, lead to a separation of the Union. The policy of England, in the adoption of fr trade, hes removed onc-hal! of the obstacle to a pre vation of the Union. Let the Sou'hern Sta’ ee that the policy of the Union remov of thore obstacles. But whatever policy England snd America msy pur- sue in the future, and takin ited that t! the Southern States that must raise our cotton, our and our tobacco. e Southern and Western States that mustchiefly ri our corn and our provi- sions. It is that division of the Union t entire absence of home manufacture i American market for our goods. The highway to this great market is the Mississippi and its numerous contri- buting streams. The capital of this great natural divi- sion of the States—the lap into which the productions of these States, with which our intercourse must so rapidly, and to such an unlimited extent, increase under free trade, must be poured through the Massissippi and its numerous streams—is the portof New Orleans. That city must become the great entrepot for British manu- factures destined for consumption 10 that part of Ameri ca, and the chief place of shipment of all those products which England will take in return. It becomes, the with reterence to the future, a matter of the first conse- quence that every possible facility showld be afforded in with that important centre of European The city of New Orlea one hundred and ten mi at the entrance of this no! the Balize, so shallow, as materially to hitherto with the wavigation of ships heavily Jaden with cargoes of grain. flour, or provisions, Even fur the cot lar construction of easily over this would render it a cumstanoe, and mouth of the Mississippi, has hitherto prevented the pos sibility of any direct intercourse by steamers, and mu curtailed that by sailing ships, with New Or T want of a more perfect and direct intercourse hes been long felt to boa serious grievance by those more imme: diately connected with this trade, and especiaily with ct to the transmission of letters, which is tedious, and at some sevsons of the year, uncertain. At the pre- seut time the jotters frem New Orleans come by the Boston steamer, and it only requires to look at the dis tance, ond the numerous ch nges of conveyance in this coute, to understand the cause of the frequent delays and disappointments to which parties are exposed. ‘The dis- tance trom New Orleans to Boston is 1,703 miles, and the mail is conveyed in the following manne: Miles 190 | From 6 | ¥rom B'ockton to Montgomery, by staging 3 | From Montgomery to West Point, by railway . 60 From Weat Point to Atalanta, by staging .... 130 rom Atalanta to Augusta, by railway... .. ated From Augusta to Cuurleston, d . « 186 There is 4 branch railroad tha jo Savann: vizt the Macon and Western railroad, 101 mil to Mucon, and the Central railroad, 190 miles to Savanni leston to Wilmington, by steamer, 160 From Wilmington to Waldon, by railway. 161 From Waioon to Richmond, do. . 108 From Richmond to Washington, di oo From Washington to Baltimore, by railway. . ae from Baltimore to Philadelphia, do. and steamer... 117 From Philadelphia to New do. do. From New York to Beaton, do, do. 1,763 In looking to this extraordinary distance, and the nu- merous cbunges of conveyance, from steamboats to rail- ways, and from railways to stege-couches, and censider- ing \hat tue sailing is, in many upon open Iskes, exposed to all ks much for Americane’ periect as it i ‘The recent discovery, by surveyors appointed by the American government, of a meguilicent harbor, between Cat [stand and Isle Apitre, within Lake Borgne, and only ten miles distant from th , at length to experienced not only on account of th count of the wreat cr ing ships upto New Orle This new harbor, with an easy acc thirty 10 filty feet, and is protected on cll sides by land beautifully wooded, #0 that vessels may ride with the greatest safety tn ali states of the weather. From the harvor to Bayou, on the mainland, is @ distance of twelve miles, and from Bayou to New Orleans is a distance of forty-six miles— making, in all, a distance of only fifty-eight miles from vat Island harbor to New Orleans, instead of one hun- drod andten miles by the present objectionable and difti- cult route up the Mississippi. Already hus a railwa: been commenced from New Orleans to Bayou, and, wit! the exception of twenty miles, is either now, or will very shortly be, in operation, rrangements will be made to communicate between the railway a! Cat Island harbor with small s:eamers; so that, in reality, the city of New Orleans is now brought into connexion with a fine safe harbor, open ut ali times to the sea, by a raiiwey wand steam navigation, covering a distance of only fifty mile#, and occupying not more than three hours. The advonteges of this new discovery, aud its ultim: importance to the trade ot this couniry, in opening u; more direct communication with New Orleans, and the interior of the country ,are too obvious to be dwelt upon. A reference to the map will at once show these advanta- ges in a striking light. itis inthe ficst place proposed that the West India steamers, which at present pass within four hundred miles of Cat Island harbor, shall call there for passengers and letters, on their way outward and homeward. The proposal too, we believe, has been submitted to the ords of the Admiralty, and, as we understand, bi far received their sanction, that it has b referred to West India Stoum Packet Company fc ption, if i it would we can enter at number of ow Orleans and tthe company will adopting the plun, conferring a great boon upon our present and fu- ture trade witu the Southern States of the Union, is to us equally clear and e first effort for ‘a direct communication by steam between Europe and the capi- tal of the southern division of the United States, There is no man mor pics the position of Secretary to the Admiralty, from his knowledge ond intimacy with that pert ot the world, and irom his ability to understand great commercial advan- tages. Surreme Count or tae Uniten Srates—Wed- | nesday, Febuary 8, 1847.—Lewis Benton, Erq. ol New Youk city, was xdmitted an attorney and counselor of this court. No. 119. Wm. T. Peas tuft iu error, ve. William Dwight. This cause w mitted to the court 00 the record and printed argu! «by Mr. Bates, ior the plarntiif in error and Governor Woodbridge for United States, plain- submitted to the the defen tin error—No Wt 7 ttt, va This cause court on the reco d printed argu ney General and Me. Norvali jor 1 Bates for the defendant.—No, 27. vigation Company appellant, vr. we gle etter crell his bry was pean by Mr. P ir a ant. Adjourned until tomorrow Hotlock A. Me Interest which accrued in 1! Do “ “ Len; Expe Cost of sees ule to jadge of and appreciate the im- | portance of this step, than the honorable gentleman (Mr. | Ward) who now, with so much credit and ability, oecu- | Cont Receipts Expenses of repairing and running the road Dividends in Number of Locomotiv: Cost of constr Income from raling. Asount of dividends, Receipts from rT Aug. Number of locomotiv: Receipts from 62,216 “ 80.03 Dividends Pp Length of road 81 mil Length of brauch road about 60 chains. Cost of construction... . engines and cars,, | Expense of Dividends Fe! hei Aug Amount of dividends. Length of road 20}, miles Cost of construction to Ist January, 1846. Expended for do in 1846 .. , New York Railroad Statistics. he rocured the following important railroad sta- nses of running the road... for engines and construct. Total expenses and dividends. . 2 Number of Locomotive Engines, 15. 5. AUBURR AND Amount of dividends paid,. . TONAWANDA RAILROAD. Length of road, 43}¢ miles Cost of ecpstruction,. . storage, the sale of iro: cars sold,. interest recely Expenses of construction, re ning the road, ATTICA aND eale of stock, various sourc engines and running the road SCHENECTADY a freight U, 8. Mail and other sources dividen repairs on road. constructing in 1646 ATOGA AND ACHEN! Length of road 22 mile construction. . ... MOHAW AND HUDSON RAIL! ib Length of road in operation, 16 miles and 4537 feet. reat distinction between the northern and the southera | Cost of construction. 846, $25 049 69 1945, 8.004 02 | $28 143 71 Repeiring and operating the road in 1846, $41,776 84. { Income from 174 653 passengers. ......., | $92.194 67 bi Local and western freight. 18.321 69 2° Mail eontract....... . 1,950 00 Mt RAM weees 1,390 82 $113,857 08 Received from the sale of hou: land and | materials. .....:.+.+- + $8978 64 Rec d from bonds of 1845, ,,.. 3,000 00 65 8 9, $428,398 98 jing and reciated property 34.000 00 03,796}; through passengers $207.697 00 51,481 way passen, transportation f miscellzneous sources. ... Expenses for repairing, operating and run. ning the road, including amount paid for debt and Expense on account of construction for and. Dividends SYRACUSE RAILROAD. Le of road 36 miles. Cost of construction. . ......... F.xpended in construction in 1846, Interest. ccs cece eeeeeee Expense of repairing and running the road Amount of dividends auBURN Len f road, 78 mi construction to $1 965 044 46 through passengers,. .. $169 006 98 7 way # 64.066 23 freight,. .. 20.21 76 U. 8. mail 16,895 68 $290 170 55 Expenses for repairs and running the road, $110 352 24 aid Ist Feb. 1846, 16 000 00 “Jat Aug. 1846,. . 86,000 00 Expendedin “ 1846, Receipts from 92 387}¢ passengers,. . = “ freight,. o ¥ “ U 8. mail, Receipts from sinking fund and N. Y, rel Ine. eh Trust Co. in, &o, pairs and rup- 96 chaia ‘TROY RK, Receipts for 67,793 through passengers, ‘ 4996 way . Expense of repairs and running the read. ,. No dividends. ALBANY AND WEST STOCKBRIDGE RAILROAD, Length of road in operation, 38% mile: Coat of construction. . . Number of through passeng way +s Expense of road, including ferry bor dock in the city of Albany, id no ine pay of the city of Albany, which amou: Number of Locomotive Engines, 2 eaveoa ann Receipts of passenge: Expenses of Tapy from 17 180 through passeng: 18,827 way freight. . 44. J uary, 1846. NEw 101 December, 1846, + «$847,686 6 LO RAILROAD, eae 81, the returns just received at the Comptroller's ; «$1,461,152 91 thirty- 11 814 04 $1,472,966 95 | | | ++ «+ + $2,169,505 10 | " | 296 67 860 00 713 90 167,620 82 75 609 70 160,000 00 $403,430 52 LOAD. + «$1,128 940 24 $1,098 940 24 22,111 56 19.623 50 6,289 75 2,016 41 $267,637 22 $124,982 43 ,' bb 8,017 66 “$171,191 16 + $12,112 73 40,000 00 49,000 00 $676 239 02 3.947 50 105,037 38 $784 223 90 $98 051 71 16,886 32 4,050 00 50 00 51 053 28 2501 91 ++ $7 $753 505 19 + + $111,583 09 + $306,704 62 48.104 33 546 00 oad. IL $36 788 03 $31,646 80 27,9145¢ at and by les $17,600 62 interest on nt to $1000 RENSSELARR AND GARATOGA RAILROAD, bee i of road, 26 miles. Cost of construction. .......+ + $475 801 10 Receipts from 18 477 through passengers, . 18 856 63 b 33,920 way # . 13.510 03 | a freigh ‘ 5,163 61 | : U , 524 65 bridge tol 9,210 85 other sources ..,.. 6.5 248 40 $60,534 07 Expenses for repairing and running the road $88,639 43 toll bridy 2829 75 JURMANNA RAILROAD. ni transportation... . .$17,157 20 running the road. $6 801 44 6,062 64 2193 58 $14,567 66 ILROand. ++ oe + «$300,000 00 $18,699 99 8.760 O1 American a modore Bid far as we can learn, ctations of opening ho Japanese cfficers, have an awkward prect! when unable to fulfil the mi force a landing under such therefore in the voluntary 9 Humanity recoils at the idea at become powerless before epposition Buicide aid to be common among evident during the of the Amerid Japanese were not desirous of exbibitin any refined specimens of their artistical 0 Kil, or of giving them an exalted opinion tions and resources of their country. The described in our last, were all not calculated te ken apy Of the few articles of curivsit id youthful were so were it net for the two they would hi The military ody and limbs. fi ; ble. On the back of each i: ings of a chief Cy were ail painte: nd has been for centui contempt The Japa sensitiveness iv sliowing the Ame! swords, the blades of which wei ness end delicacy, rivalling in appearan the best Damascene. There is a saying umo Japanese arms and valor are inseparably they cannot part with any of the former wil nution of the latter. It waa with eviden' ; therefore, that they allow the blades of their side a1 be seen at all, and no inducement could have proc one. They all carried two, one a large two-ba: weapon, the other smaller and intended for closer qu te.s. In politeness, the Japanese gentlemen were uot be excelled. They generally, while on board, eat of th ewn food, but were gratified with wines or liquors. On the first night of arrival the visitors mani- fested a strong to sleep on ; being given to understand that such a liberty was con- trary to the rules of the ship, base fl bod naturedly left. of the Columbus an duly telegraphed to the capital reception probably deci The Japanese were anticipat ne of ex 1 arrival of the Either from dosign, or want of better , thi nese exhibited but barbarous management it th thod of watering the ship neighboring inhi sosmed to be ordered en m they came off very much work. Hundreds of bosts of all_kin quisition by the lowerorders. The water off in pails, buckets, tubs, or whatever containers each family could supply, each boat at first bringing but » small quantity. No junks of over sixty or seventy tons ried one large made mast, with had heraldic flage similar to the f thi The presented as a fin ly good muscular owing te their man by which exercise all the muscles are equally fj into play. The ric! are seid to accustom their to coarse raiment, that their pride or vanity stimulated by too finean appearance. The shj far from the shore, near a battery, about four m| point, around which, at a distance of, a8 sup) miles, lay Jeddo, or, as there pronounced vernment continues still under two distin eccle: ical and civil, though the forme: ‘ather a puppet in tho hands of the latter. Seepotic, and the exclusive policy is no doi ofthe rulers. The common people would be pleaed with foreign intercourse, but could not maintain their presont sanguin were the country to become free to toreig! commerce. Should apy dissensions arise J a party may be found to invoke foreign int in that n may be opened to the to be well educated 1g uncommon- throughout, which is propel their bests treely in society in China. We od them in cor known land authentic information who accompanied t sacki to Jed the American squadr hospitality from the Chi to be a general impression along the whole coust, probably their commerce is valuable to t suffered nothing trom them in war. especially at -he north eceived marked altel MEXICAN ON DITS. (From the N. O. Picayune, Jan. 98} A letier has Seen receives hers from a gentleman fa a, who has access to the best sources of iuforme Mexico. ile writes‘hat Sena Apna was ot San Luis Potosi as Jate as the 24ih Dec , and hed no thought of an immediate hostile movement He confirms what has been said of Valencia commanding a strong division at Tula. ‘ The most interesting fact announced in his letter fs the arrival et the city of Mexico, just vefore the departure of the British courier for the steamer, of un express from Sen Luis, with a demand of Santa Anne upon the new Congress for a loaw of $8,000,000. Ti ter suggests that the general postion was tbat this amount could only be raised by seizing upon the property of the clergy —that it was the only possible resource lett NAVAL INTELLIGEN The U.S. ship of the line Ohio, sailed from Boston at half-past 12, on the 3d inst. She went down cur harbor in fine style, the wid being strong fron |e north-west We uoderstand that she js to touch at Norfolk, w jb will probably receive orders as to her ultimate d tion. Boston pilots go in hor to Norfolk The U.S. sloop of war Shark arrived on the 18th of July, 24 days from the San iwich Islands She wes ru ook Shoal in entering the river, by the Ww (ulness of @ negro man living ou the cape, whe took to pilot her in, but was soon got ef withot The following is a list of her officers: aa *“ ws Acting Mas- Holline; Aw ipman, H. Davidsons i List of officers attached to the ship-of-the-line Colat bus, which left Honolulu, 8.1, Sept. 29, for Boston, via. Valparaiso and Rio Janeiro: Commodore, James Biddle: Captain, Thomas W. Wy- man; Commander, Thomas 0. Soliridge; Lieutenants, 8 Johnson, P. Drayton, H. French, aad J. Strom Acting Lieutenant, Mr Rush; Flest Surgeon, B. Tick: nor; Passed Ass’ Surgeon, B. Guillon; Ansistent Surgeon, DL. Bryan; Purser, &. T. Suna; Acting Mad. ter, 8. M. Woinwiight; Coptain of Marines, H. B. Chaplain, JW. Newton; Professor of Ma’ Yarnall; Commodere’s Secretary, E. st. C. F.8 Waldron; Second Li d Midshipmen, D. MeN, Fuiri W.D. Whiting, G. M. 1. A. Colb Grahem, N. RA. Van G. Harrison, Jr., David A. MeDer- A. Forrest: Commodore's Clerk, k, R Harris; Purser’s Clerk, W. H. Needles; Commander's Clerk, J. L Keffer; Bout- swain, VM. Hall; Guover, T. Robinson; Carpenter, J Dibble; Saiimaker, R. ©. Rodman. In addition to the foregoing, there are on board the Columbus the following Bra veiro, at the requ mperor:—Mr Froes, Mr. Silva, Mr Androda, Mr. Santos, Mr. Barbede.” itevenso don, J.B. Stuart, C. K Young, 8 B. Luc: mut, A. R. Simmon | J. Lewis, Captain's Evrorgan Porrtics. Presse lias the follow - ing version of the grounds on which the Bey of Tunis is said to have resolved not to virit Englaed. “The main fact isthe wane as bas already been giron by an- other journal, but the Presse endeavors to make it appe that Lord Palmerston hed sadeavonred to induce the Bey to go to Eoglan “The presence of the Boy ot have reriously occupied the atiention of Lord Palmere ton, even intbe midst of the cures domanded from this mini by the marriage of the Dnko do Montpensier and the Cracow affair. England is very torehy about all that ites to the Mediterranean, and the Bey of Tunis, the neighbor of Algeria, and the ally of France, would been veon with great pleasure by the court of Queen Victoria, where everything would have done to snatch him from the exclusive French pation, But an obst: u rnis in Parit appeurs fo sovereign prince, an! Eng which has not recognised his right to that quality, was not inclined 4608 74 | Courier him viherwive than ae vassal of the Porte Spies, | Lord Normanby war there charged to negociate thi $32,118 74 | grave affair with M. Raffa, and to provo to bim that bid +$26 358 41 | ihaster had a great interest in showing consideration to + 9000 00 | Great Britain; that hitherto the Bey had been animated 9 000 00 | with intentions equally favorable yp ali nations; bat that eeaaee 4 J at present ed to change his policy, a 944,368 41 | give’ pimeelt ug France, winch fact would be ID ERIE RAILROAD. The receipts of the company from all source| Expenses of constriction, ning the road for the past year... ...... repairs, see + $1,160,784 68 and run 817 635 51 Balance unexpended on the +t of Jan... .$243.000 17 Tabular Statement. Number of miles in operation, 62 Cost of construction, (53 miles including way , * Trelght and Nunber of Locomotives, 9.--Albany Jc imeelf up entirely t completely evident if he did not consent to go to England proposed io him. Toe bey, not belo winced that he ought to give ap the prerogely | Sige M Katto intormed Lord Normanby of Lord Palme: x tefied with hie b intended to be y proce | considering that | tient effort, a few day | read to M. Raffo, dec London he should but thet the British cab od Oe 2,084 408 25 | obligations to observe, which would n Expended on 9 miles previous to 1846, 183.927 32 pitting this Prince to the Queen, aniess Moen ty «construction in 1646... 5 202,682 69 the Turkish sybasssdor, ‘Ihe Dey. it is seul, oe omen ar {a mind that he had other countries nent ims, Bee $2,001,018 66 Algeria. and thet heought not to conduct Winer ‘e! for repairing and running the solv ly with this later © . road and ferry expenses... ... 4.66.44 229172 97 advance wae not atte ed with an ‘ ef 08 the Bey pers | Receipts from 1) rough Porson, = or 7 the bbe dre the leaves Paris on lay, for ne de Logan, the consul general, i to pia, whither M 1 aero raey ot Tunis leit Paris on Tuesdey for Toulon, on | his way to hie own dominions