The New York Herald Newspaper, December 11, 1846, Page 1

THE NEW YORK HERALD Pena ip RTD "4 Snecma Eo 1 cae Vel. XU, No. 324— Whole No, 4577. NEW YORK, FRIDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 11, 1846, now flowing within our | vigation, and soin, it may find its way, » into the vaults of the made the basis, as often n Paper expansions ; and revulsions could not fail to ensue Tt is important to all the great interests of the cially to manufacturers. that the int or depreciated, Lf REPORT Socrotary of the Treasury. ‘Treasury Departament, Dec. 9, 1846. In obedience to the * act snp} act to establish the Treasury Departmen undersigned respectfully submits the following be effected, | mated. would save | limits remains in f nle of the United | not into circulati isimposed, and, | banks, where it might be ‘ rg? 88 | heretofore, of bank and ional reve- | if so, ruinous of war, uncer- | with heavy ex- sgt connected with every | doctrine of free exchanges, even when the practice of | jatendonto:the branch of Am: to | Table 1, hereto ff = without this adult its duration, and Strended tures, ji Gf — government ma, jee i the or involved aap 5 lementary to the EF the | Corrensy shout currency shoul toa serious loss in | and excessive im brought as a consequence i cennexion with the constitutional treasury branch of the mint at New York wou!ld be m useful in converting the forei; ivy | coin, encouraging thereb; the people, instead of triple and q of bank paper. We are beginning to realize the benefits of the few tariff, many imports having been in anticipation of the new duties, and By freer interchange market is opened to oug agri- it tonnage and commerce are i not be redunda and expenditures for the fiscal . ia embarrass- | « year ending the 30th Soe, LOSS; Werves Rllowe— ‘. and honor of | 30th July and Int If. however, but tm as nineteen or | ign into American | tariff’ twenty three eS ree wat, with hea: rience at home and abroad proves tha: ‘2 long term will save a large amount to the sury, Compared with one of shorter date ; is believed that, in this case, the loan should be years, reserving the Ist July, 1646, 7,608, ty & period of twenty conferred ty existing laws to atthe market price at any prior date, means may permit, so that the debt may be ex- sible, and long before its In this way, under ordi- cultural products, ow: rapidly augmenting, our exports ent: price enhanced, exchan; specie is flowing withi L balan the treasury ie, tag, iS Be 3 appears acco! “The estimated receipts cod res year ending 20th June, 1847, are as follow: juarter, by actual re- tinguished as soon as maturity, i! practical nary circumstances, the advantages of a long # short loan are to some extent combined. first half of the loan should, it is thought, be nego- tiated early in the spring, payments being re- quired only as the money may be the remainder, if wanted, should be negotiated some time during the succeeding summer or fall, payments only to be the money may be requi sum may be borrowed, in an’ be demanded by the wants of the government. _ In compliance with the proviso of the first sée- tion of the act of the 10th of August last, a full statement is herewith communicated (mar! ges are in our favor, and nour limits, The country and we have never u ible markets for all , Luis is not the resuit of an inflated currency, but is an actual increase of wealth and business. Whilst agriculture, navigation, released from onerous taxes and re strictions, are thus improved and _ invi manufactures are not de; fits of manufacturers ma: what diminished ; but now reposing more on its own skill and resougces is still prosperous and progressive. New manutac tories are being erected th: and still yield a greater profit, in was never more prospero! From customs, lst enjoyed such lasge and p For the 2d, 8, and 4th queriers, as mi Tee meee saree ees eee 21,681,904 62 us deprived of empleymant is ‘the m@nufacturer ’,2od must ene! Wages to the lowest poin' sistence; whereas, if agriculture, commerce, gation are improved, as the result be increased and its wages must be enhanc: The bome market can never be so in this case, as so that no larger event, than may pressed. The Mieeers be in some cases some t branch of industry ‘Total exclusive of note: stfoae, 3a ee: 31,335,731 00 notes under the a: of low duties, there oe) ad. demond’ for haber most cases, tha, st wabvey, two naval officers, two on their views; they aan | gimeer appa (one & reece en ichtbe a Tea? ren engineer, @ secretery, w' & junior officer ‘as axiomatic truths incorporated into the policy of the | of the ny was Tecontonted as the most officient and peal victory of universal peace and unre- | Person, in : comm 5 navigation, the location ai light. A copy,of the instructions fr carrying into effest tho | houser, and the mechaplcal ptinciplen invelved in teas 5 | ing, which would enable this department to render In convexion with the flasnces, tho suggestions made whale system more useful and cananatat governments was o ia my last anoual re; in, regard to the r i The coast survey anil the light- house system, the ware- ‘of the of the public lands in favor of | house bill ani the ad valorem cevenne tarifrere all great, and cult again Sorpnetialls ealenitied efficient and co-operative instruments in giving to out to the consideration reas, as & Certain means of | own country ad’ over all others as competitors poe ny the public lends now subject | for the commerct of the world. Hoos of acres ‘8 vast portion of whi h, Cs. ie tie mie od sath iy ion ee Sradap: arpa ich, 4 satis! d yas - " ar market Tee and satisfactory progress during the past year. at existing rates, but would, if re- department has watched with great interest the gra- ‘and find many purchasers at ‘lower | dual developement of ths plan for oxtanding the survey Fates. The sales in Chickasaw cession in pe States | to all sections of the coast, aa.l it has in successive years of Alabama, and + establish the | sanctioned the estimates for this important object. Those fact, that the of the of reduction and | now presonted hy the superintendent are in pursuance of augments the Piscteds of tho sales. | the policy which bas received the approval of the depart- 4 to ‘the wealth of the nation, inthe aug- | ment end of two successive Congresses. The plan is mented value of these lands, as welles tho crops that | recommended by economy, and the rapidity with which tuireyPeti,tltwedy, raised tpon them, cannot be jess then | the fruits of the work are realized in the production sat ‘thirty millions doilars, district having beeu sold | circulation of maps and charts of diferent parts of the for the benefit of the ( ms, in one of the | coast. The highly interesting oxplorationof the Gulf Jand districts in the new 8 si plein of | stream. which proved soimportant and successful a A the result of the work, has been attended with the loss of one this great measure, | of the most valuable assistants in the survey, and an or- the revenue, and incroas- | nament tothe profession to which he 77 HL i the public welfare. Lieutenant Geo M. Bache, of the navy, command- ‘© communication from the General Land Oftice, ing the coast survey brig Wash , wai with tou of hereto annexed (marked K) it that parr the officers seamen of ‘easel, swept from of lands in that ry |, Of which | the in the hurricano of the 8th of September, never 3,681 309 have been realized in | to regain the ship. The surviving officers have borne Jess than nine ees R93 iqne, 1845, was | chi testimony to the coolness and ability which he ninety-one cents per the ts sale. od on this trying 3 ‘execution, ey. Thy eh! second ra perished, bb] Pilate tpg he sd Cents per acre, nm, wasthe means, under Providence, savi e ihe fourth ‘twer Mare, on five f those under his command. ‘ v% E E fi z conte 4 ; years at twelve andahalfcents| This department has united with that of the navy ii Peracre. This is a lower price, and a mueh more Tepid recording these opinions, a8 also in a stcong g sufficient idly increasing agricultural products; but it is for all | Feduction then was proposed in rd to the public | approval of the conduct of the survivi fark a it amount besides, which | 1ands; and yet this district in which the males were mado | Crew’ of the Washingtan shorts tee i gare ans is imported yearly from abroad. Let us enlarge the mar- | in the same manner, (except the graduation,) by the | extreme danger, preserved pertect coolness and effective of all treasury notes paid under the our manufactures, and for that act, amounting on the first of this month to invested in other pursuits. mmerce between of their respective p only the occasional fluctuati not long be maintained to an; sales for specie only. Thus, if markets to our products, high duties most of the fa ——————__ 10,000,000 nations is but an exchang: ts, specie liquidatiny Add balance in the treasury means, as ing balances, and can EXPENDITURES, Viz : for pan manemctares at fn by restrictions from agricul ture,commeree, navigation, end, with augmented means, those in these pursuits will furnish a market for our manufactures than in a series of years by diminishing duties and onerous merican consumers not engaged tures are the customers of the manufacturer, and, to affect injuriously the means of those who must eventually Staecore’ sain wigation, by increasip; ture, and nai 7% re engeged in those pursuits, hy reliey heavy taxes, EF o st it a ventuall; profitab! more permaovent, a! o ly more market wil be secured to the m can ever derive from farmer and planter, Table E, hereto annexed, shows the pay- ments made since [the 4th of March, 1845, of and interest of the public debt up to the rst of the present month. The amount of prin- cipal thus paid was $1,690,605 2, and of $1,628,042 62—making an debt paid since the 4th of Maren, Ii 647 64, of which (except the sum of whole amount consisted of debt debt, incurred before the 4th of y Statement F, hereto wanexed, shows the ry notes issued under the provi- the uci of the 224 July last, ,100; of which the amount of $1,766,450 bore an interest of one mill hundred dotiars, and $2,086,65: \eraeel extent er j Eng! OF er whilst we coun by rics bea a sell in rapi iminish, and such a commerce would tao f ° cline. She might still, trom. necessity, pure@hase 4 portion of our products ly stern and irresistible, would soon compet and price, and thus diminish t ed from herin specie. ‘To maintain, the profitable commerce with E. the barriers must be broken di ; and our duties reduced, 80 as to permit an exchange of her fabrics for our h duties on our part, we ittle permanent advantage er corn laws. Such Ns « «$14,088,661 27 appears in detail b; hey paren Parmele tors, from the ist of aggrecate. of public im manu- | ates, there would have” been a sa to this govern- e profits of those who: seli Math cate etrchased for spaculation, but (as the ontrios or interest upon our own commerce, 5 but a necessity equal- from exhnused “ns juce the purchases amount of treasury he balance demand- list, foreign inter. . course, ‘and miscellane. OUS PUTPOOOM,. 6 640. a... per cent on eve: including vo- an interest of five and two-fillhs per cent per annum, In the same statement will be found the amount paid into the treasury on account of the in aca yt the public the in other pursuits. When merchant and navigator, Bed purchase more of American hh . labor, untaxed and umrestricted by legislation, will find its way into the most natural channels and the aggregate wealth of the whole na- rapidly. roftable market, not Seomnters < restrictions, or jtaxes, wi home for our ewn manufactures, the foreign marke! them will be extended uy freer e: of our manufactures last year amo 569,349, which must ge on repidly commercial Products. With hi: could zealize but from the repeal of h ties would continue in force, as against our far- mers, the British corn laws, nearl; bad never been re the repeal of those laws, the ad y coeceded that, if England ke er markets for our bread: Provisions, we should receive her fabrics in ex- five million loan,whi notice hereto annex tiated at six per cent interest, w the 224 July last, cither at par, or (as was the case for a small portion) above par. The sum paid and entered on the books of the pd Treasury, was, on Ist December last, $3,461,- and prosperous y as effectually ealed. Before vocates of our eff United States, as other public lands, has commanded a | discipline, and finally aucoeeded in bringing the wreck ra a led a '. iy wi ‘and er proportional sum inthe same period than any other | into port. Tand district inthe United States. it also appears by the | u Having now presented in regard to the subjects in- je | oficial report from the Commissioner of the General | trusted to its supervision by the two houses of » Land Office, that if the whole of the public lands in each | the views of this department, It. te gratifying to Know of the land districts of the several new States of the | that to them belongs the power to correct a errors; ~ Union had been sold within the same period at the same 5 of an all-wise and nce, to advance all the gre:t interests, the honor, , and glory of our beloved ote R. J. WALKER, ment uy from public lands, of $61,990,657. But few of these Secretary of the Treasury. show) chiefly by settlers sud cultivators, distinguished | Hon. Gonux M.Dattas, z. we. for ente: and A er well as for moral worth Vice President ofthe United States, end hn inte ; oe fiat ating largely ~j vt President of the Senate. ‘Son added mani —_—_=—_ lors to thie frei Wealth of the Latin, in the im Suezeme Court or tur Untren Statss,—Tues. ant vation of those lands. If a gradua- | day, December 8, 1846.—Present as yesterday.— Dill, in the form in which it the Senate on its | William W. Campbell, Exq., of New Y : pag Res during = session, Cwm pe bial so w aa land, were ee yiecst es come , ould increase revenue from the | and counsellor this court. } 6 and 6—John L_ Han public lands from half a million to a million of dollacs per | ris, plaintiff a creer vs. Hiram G. Runnels. These ‘annum ; and, if adorted, together with the duty | causes were argued by Mr. Nelson for the ia on ten and code, tos lout might be tattly Feduced © | ror, Adjourned tl teruarioe wi seleek a ies eighteen millions of doliars, 1h risciple | Wenesday, December 9—O. G, Cates, Faq, of Ken- graduation plies to the Chicks cession were tucky, and H W. Dunlap, Esq., of Loui ad ‘were ad- adopted as the public lands, it would increase | mitted attorneys and counsellors of this court. No.0— e | for man; the revenue from that source, as proved | James Wood, plaintiff in error, ve. Wm. A. Underhill, et by the data presented in the table before referred to, se- | al. This cause was argued by Wm. Silliman for the plain- por anoum. tif in error, and by Mr. Campbell for the defendant in je bellved that the sale a he prices reduced and | etot. No. 16—Ni ke J-Dick & ple ve: Hardin D. rs should be confined imit juantities, so! annels. use wa: us 5 te only for ‘settlement and cultivation. In’ this manner, | No. I.~Christopher Ford, eppeliant va. ia Don: , vs. Archibald Dou- augmenting under a | Whilst the aggregate wealth of the nation agd revenue | glass, ot ol. Tho argument of this cause was commen. change. Now her markets are thus opened to these 3 and the friends of a by high duties thg exchange ‘of React rest i uties the exc of i pe by high ge nglish fa daced duties are continued on both sid to permit a reciprocal interchange of commodi- provisions, must Our farmers now have, home market, w policy. Such of (our manufac- tures as, from their interior location or other cai duties, constituting fa Bot require yy tion of the whole, are, especially, greatly injui protective system; and the higher the di so Bais Protective taritf, certain meant let July, ; would still ar. Pho | reduction of thelr wages alall be and interest due by the loans, treasury notes, to &c., amounting, on the th in | duced rates to estab!ished, in December $24,256,494 60; of whiob $17,788,799 Saves contracted before the 4b. the whole @ébt incurred 8, embracing $320,000 of the Mexican treaty indemanity Gobt suepmnad executive departments, a1 in the above sam. The estimated receipts, means, home market, by pur ia the foreign market, by restrictions v the means of their custom. and expenditures, for ir fabrics; and they are injured +1847, and ending | Murcn, 1845, leavin; since that date $6,467, and must retain, onr ith or without the tariff, because of the government are repidly a , the wages of | ced by Mr. Meredith for the a) pellees. No 4—Isuse labor must be enbanced, to our working |Cooper, plaintiff in error, va. John Mathe: error to Classes end the industrious tmeans, whonever | the Circuit Court of the Untied States for bast Poneryt of pur- | vania. On motion of Mr. Ingersoll, who suggested = ra bond = ee the a error, this writ of error was aba- inde bontbe nation wi” pul . jourued till tomarrow, 1i o'clock. Such augmentation of the revenue might be produced From Gutana —By the arrival ofthe ship’ Lotd by removing several one: +] i ‘a be es ing semani teal ete ener: Seaton, Captain Fitzsitgmons, at New ryprovisions ejunsurveyed lends to which the Ind wo have received a numbét of the Guiana (Georgetowm chasing homes for themsolves and fam relation lian imports. Undora system of low duties, all oar exporis | tile has been extisguidhed, By returne from tho General | “ince ofthe th ut Congress at its last session. Kf the date of the re the revenue was decli From miscellaneous sources, es tly augmented, and we should exvort large breadstuffs and provisions cannot readstufts, provisions, cotton, peel of the tariff of 1842, | imported here. ‘The tew diverted e weather had been highly favorable for maturing Land Office up to the Ist of Navembor last, it appears | 2 sugar crop.ond for many years the crop had not look that whilst the surveyed lands not yet offered at pal blic ‘i bacco, but also, in time sugar and molasses; and ulti- | sale. to which the pre-emption principle now extends, ed so luxuriant and promising for an abundant return: to manufactures, by a high tariff, be in number with the people whose markets are lost, in whole teigh duties. Nor is it chiefly the merchant, the shipbuilder, and shipowner, the Total revenue, Deduct defeit on Iet Total means for the service year ending Jane 30, 1848,. at Spe Seon nee juantities of wool,and hem, Joly, 1847,......0. Not hemp and cette time, b; stem of liberal’ exch nae caement Be and in time, by @ sy: exchai the world, ince woul take its place on our list of exports | ®inds of settlers upon ‘hese lauds, in advance to foreiga countries. ise and ie be emmnane be aed $815,444 83 during year On 30th June, 1846, than the receipts ana tee fiscal year ending on the 30th June, 1845. That ths decvline was progressi from ths prohibitory character of tho specitic the table Lereto annexed | ¥er portion ofthore ++ «+ $27,220,957 99 farmers, but the The expenditures ive, and mated by the soresal t evitie four foreign commerce,tha! The’ avy, ostmaster it the driven by a its eant ‘A.conriderable sensation hes been exoited fmounted te 16,660.441 acres,the uusurveyed.towbich the | Covery of the fact, thet the Veustnainn net beee oe 672 acres; the opeuing ‘of which te Weeontinconth pinay J ia bere. eset sarees onal view i ‘was lei re the hot fail to enue, jt would carey thew-| having themrecluimed. nw’ an ww OF of aur wee purchase voyerns wollasthe sales, who would dewie to regard to the stete of the thurket,the Paper says — the fe d by’ th ‘the ence of which 4 of provisions from the U: ssid, Frould give inproased value te the romaicing lunde, und} Roue™ ‘Thc amaust of Sines ne oa fy ary aginent tho proceeds of the sales. Whilst ti ‘consid eaty te moasare would thus inerease the revenuo, it would co | ¥¢® ve aa Prices have steadily sdvemced to ‘of {rom existing pursuitsinto manutactu id con- Srhich will be required 10'ba susning, es thoy sltdbd, edatnife ans saul forthe ya Teas that, \ for excess year ending 30:h June, 1845, the ad ceeded the specific duties $1,737,370 57; and ear the ad valorem exdeed 663 53494 As the specific duties in their practical operation were becomi aia prohibitory, the revenue ander of 1842 must have continued 8 rapidly as soon to have caused a great deficit, even in time of peace, and thus have requirea ultimately a resort to direct taxes or excises to support the government. ‘he duties collected at the Philadelphia, and New York, during the first tive days of December, 1846, under the new tariff. 07; and during the first five days of December, 1845, under the old tariff, This rate of augmentation, it is posed, will continue; but that the revenue will reach the amount esti- Tepart to the Senate of 835,731, is, for the rea- lieved. the fiscal year ending 30th June, toss, in so far as the machinery o! a which consumesno breads uifs or provision,is sub- stituted for the manual labor engaged in ture, commerce, and navigation. manufacturers would not beincreased(if increased a:all) more than one-tenth by the difference be tween the tariff of 1842 and that of 1846; and of thattenth, more than one-half would not have from agricultural pursuits. In the mean- time, When commerce and navigation flourish un- der low duties, a larger number of consumers of breadstufls-aad provisions are h pursuits irom agriculture, than wouid be driven ‘rom it into manuiactures by high daties, tning, then, is gained ina home market to the iarmer by bigh duties, whilst the markets of the world are lost or diminished. ‘The population of the world is now one thousand millions, increas- ing at the rate of not less than tea millions per annom, with but litle augmentation anywhere of breadstuffs and previsions, except in our own country; yet our farmers jare asked to abandon | this immense market, in the vain attempt ate an ad« quate home market, neuiture, commerce, and naviga jon, forthe hen- fitol manufacturers. Experience is against the protective policy. fn England, after a tong trial, and ruinous results, wed; and here, under the tariff of 1842, the prices of breadstuffs and provisions fell, and aave now risen with the reduction of daties and the opening of a foreign market. From a long peace Enrope ing so densely populated, that her poorer soil and mere uncertain climate afford a less adequate supply of feod from year to year for her rapidly ine: a system of law dutie change of commoditi e markets at home a: to all our people engaged in every pursuit, agriculture, | gommerce, manufactures, and navigation, instead of be ing antagonist interests, would soon ali be united aud harmonized in advancing together the Such a tariff must soon satisty all classes of industry, placing this great baala, taking it, 8 Wolt az all ‘out of the arena of politics, and out of the struggle to ad- vance or Gop eee tive as it is sor Rey at the arsine of others, by high duties, the tariff ever-endin ¢ polincal agitation all the pursuits of basiness, defying all tion as to the investment of capital, fluctuating very election, and rising or fulling with the suc- e elevation or dowatall of political parties — janent ees forces tho Ly etc od people, for the benefit of any class or portion o| m, buy or sell only in such market as may be prescribed by law. Such a system, although it migut for a time obtain a transient victory, cannot ultimately and permanently be sustained by the American people. The British corn-laws and our e tical in principle, although applicable to different im rts. in England, the eflort wee ald up a, home caren for xpense of manufactures. teclve duties in favor of manufactures, ta impair the market abroad for our susplus agricyltural England, it was called the here, the protection of manufactures, Diow was aimed st manufactures; inflicted on agriculture, commerce and build upan adequate home market here, for our vast and rapidly augmenting egricultural products, by taxes on the exchange of our exports in Le markets, was as ie) ‘as it would be to estab! a sufficient home British manufactures by the corn laws. reat British exports if American 4 uy he ex of pe rm gem wiper = ge ot purchaser, must be dissstrous in fe ‘The ruinous consequences of the protective sy: proved in England e speeiite But, by opening all during the last fise: ed the specitic duties: establishment Interest on public debt . rts of Baltimore, diverted to those | will Dee source of m Deduct total means for the scrvico of the fiscal year ending June 30, 1818. .... amounted to #416, esa to 374 50. tariff ever can be mated now, and in m the 16:h July last, at sons therein stated, fully be! Herewith are transmitted the regulations, adopted by this department in obe- 1 mi w of bah 6th of Au last, establishing constitutic trea- ea It will be perceived, by reference to these instructions, that this department jhas proceeded to carry into full effect the intentions in the enactment of this law. ‘The rules estab- lished in relation to treasury draits have rendered ible that they can ever be converted into a circulating medium. T! tmedo by the lw for the payment OF the salar mi Ww payment jaries ofthe ooteaae (feesarers, or the additional riesof the treastrers of the mint, nor for thecom- ining agents authorised by the law, and whose services are \so necessary, sions, for the security of the public provision for incidental ex; wholly inadequate; the number of cler! i em to transact the public business under the provisions ofithis law; and it is thought, ought to be augmented from ten to twenty—more than five times the latter number having been required te transact the same-business when these moneys were kept, transferred, and No adequate security is provided by law for the safety of the public money in the hands of disborsing agents; and whilst transfers are required to be made fr: specie, no appropriation is ma = of these transfers, or to enable nts to pay the public creditors at unctuality and dis- is public moneys if of 1842 were iden- are the ‘This excess is be sed on the assumption that the. whole amount of five millions is outstan of notes authorized by the act of 22nd July, der a renewed authori re It, as ‘amount cannot at te same time, on account of te aera notes cancelled before a new note is issued, the litures over means on the Ist of at nineteen mil- Of the war, i contifiued kc 18 amportant at all times,as showa by uni- by Relonce of at tones four millions of dol- by the corn-laws, to ral products at the the effect was, by pro- ity now requested i Population. Under @ reciprocal inter- it will be the interest, aot only of Great Britain, but also of most of the continent of Europe, to take a large supply of tood trom us; but, by arresting this exchange of their fabrics tor our products, it becomes their in werest, and in fact a necessity, to look fo courage markets elsewhere; and also by extraor- diaary means, and high governmental bounties, to drive capital into agriculture there,to supply the wants of their people, unable to purchase our pro- ducts, for which, by high duties, we de: ment in specie. If we receive the fab: in exchange for our products, it will be their in- terest to encourage and enlarge that commerce ; and it must go on rapidly augmenting, until our country becomes the tor Europe, and our all even exceed that of cot- great as that is destined to be under a system of low duties. With this enlargement of our ex. ports will come a correspondent increase imports, and a great atigmentation of the revenue of the government and of the prosperity ef the people. There will be a greater number profitably engaged in agriculture, commerce, and Che increased number and prospe- classes, constituting four-fifths of the , Will enabie them greatly to extend their purchases; and the mant creased ability and means of our own will derive, in a series of years, a greater bene- fit, than by Gescromies bed ad a | ers, by exciudin: Ts ucts from reign onrkeee *! whem to that om Ghd | meaas to purchase at home or abroad. If the ship- | builder constracts, and the navigator freights more vessels—if the farmer sells nore breadstuffs and planter more cotton, and at © prices—if the merchant traysucts a larger rous business—if the seamen imerease in number and receive beter cf 4 and in a period of war, rin the foreign under its Woxs money. The her own most enlightened by experience, it has been mont of those who sustained it Sete Srey’ Soe, ees iho a advopate ; an/ Ww! overthrow there and here, to re- ned and abandoned the markets | from all the world will eventua wi Moth ah theese et ah by the re- | Ply, our own manufactures will often be tought a a gr ee prot it Britain are opened to our produc! Sal or tar corn laws, we are desired to prevent their of those products by hig! tory duties on the only fabrics fur which they can be ex- tobacco—one of our important sta- posed in England ; but if our operation in favor ehanged. There yet remains export there of food oi r of our | will be reduced, with the to that portion of the hout the’ world, be paid on the other side of the Atlantic, or in any foreign country, through the medium of agencies Wo be created there, and by the opera- iga bills of exchange, are not sufficient- ly defined bylaw. This authority, which expe- perience hgs shown to be 3s now rendered of the highest importance by the isbursements required 10 be portions ofthe republic of Mex- the more liberal and enlight- will vindicate itself ant 8 would ultimately be still greater ; inaxmuch as | T. MeNullis, ane te our chief commercisi cities ere already “nearer than ¥ those ous troops in and trans ferring specie there for circulation, through the i , On terms highly mmment. . It bein; ht, even for bene- 8, never tO exercise any prepriety of some more clear and ad- uate previsions on this subject is submitted to market, and deprivi rovisions, and she and more pros; 5 rous, they must all be enabled to more of oar ‘own manufactures, and at better prices. | Under such a system of r New York week eciprocal interc! world, the great city of become(what she now is for the States of this Union) the great mart for the merce of the various nations of the earth. ted nearer the centre of the commerce of uatil she sur within ber own limits and sul the duties ajpertaming toa de- the public money. halt acentury, the mint and branch wants have had deposited with them about one undred and sixteen millions of gol bullion and com, no portion of which has ever been lost to the government; and as two-thirds of 5 time greatly enlarge the circulation of gold silver. For the reasons stated in my foreign gold coin will not, to any ex- currency would drive from agricuitare to manufsce the effect on New York as ‘and provisions; whilst = tures. Such would market for breadstu Philadel, | our other great commerc onward in an “io orga and” accelerated sqrisukaral protec br gone =) manufactures. ; ry 5 Fi i eof if ‘ i Fi cure homes to those euterprising and patriotic setdlors | UF Present quotel 4 who move in advance into the wilderness, enterding ave » tie denna for moal and pens here is merely nominal blessings of civilization, difusing the iuflueace aud ad- 2 et takes 2 large quantity + pilot @ “od isbaenonress al . is iples, amd soon bread and rice, ald of which articies are firm, the sale of 1 at pottbt oF re xan a ree Ca ee vablic lands containing copper aud viler oxos, w rer badal aet * ba 20. Comte {ae avesure wouldjnore reptaly develope tho resources | Rit sited duty 1s osale, Hama Rb St 2d, Oaaee of this valuable region, and at the sume time convert | Pork $19 60 per barrel, slaty §2. into owners and proprietors those who now occupy the . ge of tenants to the federal government as a lant. Varieties, urd ” i Ges Covtos.—We find in the Lowell 0 & long If Congress, ot an early perind of the present session, and latoresting communication from 3. L. ‘Depa, would impose the proposed duty an tea and coffee, re- | +, ihe explosive and projective powers of the newly. duce and greduate the price of the public lands ia favor | ‘Ovaret wan cotion’ ‘the, prigcipal, axperiments on of settlers and cultivator potion #7 | made in blasting. Two holes were drilled in a rock of urveyod I i Mg aren el bh ‘and antborize the sale of that | Pe pendicniar face of nine feet, and iba cach were placed portion of the public lands containing copper am athier | {f" ounces of the cotton. The macs of, a eds valuable ores, the loan might safely be reduced from pndin tone. ‘To’ have femoved the same, would have twenty-throe to seventgen millions of dol required ten to twelve pounds of common powder. Seve- Annexed are copies (marked L) of instrnctions, i rasily sai # department, to carry. into elect the act phe experimonts were made, and all equally satis by thi he warehouse ‘The lacgermajority by. aa sn incr es pouch and | Wititiva On Monday morhing two Target backs the beneficial results already accomplished, cloarly indi | (whales) were seen play: mfeand ite de Province. cate that it may be regarded asa purt of the settled Sed Chae Bese hans oreaa tot Pea M bien ok A fie tee ne ie 4 pounced upsn the levisthans before hem Captain Cook gave his customer lance as quick as 18 could dart, th try. That it won Beet cavecs te see had been no limit to the time for | ed two boats retaining goods in the warphauss; ie a be mardi ey coal mer ; but the ire havi Ly ry Yrcous free see compromise of condicting epinions, no | turned him up in about 15 minut Sone Or >. recommendation is aubmitted to disturb that compromise. | fastened to the other, but so Oe 8: a It is believed that, hereafter, this great measure will vin- | Vitals, in consequence of whic! chat v4 dicate itself so clearly by. its results, that amendments | site to lance him. The whale an boat eareeuant may be obtained by very general consent at a ede afler cutting down the chocks of t! oDesk i, at riod, Both as & mene of sugmenting revante, ont ot | ent swale with the harpoon and aboct Aig fatuonts ot momerce and yo country, | ¥ h een \apertantfisvenare Vader its beneficial in- | line. © gine Sask brought his whale to Provincetowa Fd t reial cities will soon | ia triumph. It is over feet long and will make hee etfs iv surpass, the largest marts of | @bout 25 bbis. oil. Finbacks wy bay montane o) European commerce, augme: most rapidly the | Whales to capture, on account uncommon spe: weolth and business of the whole country. Im. | ~~Besten Post, Oth inet. it is to sgricuiture, commerce, and navi- Navioation.—There wea rain yesterday, during ths pny eucheitiy te Will aectve tee ‘it, i | early part ofthe day—the temperature of’ course very a series of years, great advantages, The hw po in ve gohege-enl Bes ess rt os as ever. Z io weul- jo mented means accruing to those concerned in agri 4 sere ne ere ry body wnt for the winter, must have made coneide: pro- m ‘ooh dkbeet owards tide water. das it has been by suctions and ferce # Oo! “Ly ort ” is wait : i The annual meeting of the American Colonization So som areteated fal oh elcte tide ease ciety will be held at Washington on the 17th January As this bili will also render our great commercial cities | 2ext 1 “4 , Bowland, who killed Mr. Barker Jast summer, at Mane Fe aed wlll eventartiy’ gowe to weak t mip | field, 0. has been convicted of muder in the frst degree. assorted cargoes, b; rchasers thet never Movements of Travellers. raid iave bese found in the abiedos of such a fAystem. ‘The folle comprise the hen of yesterday's In Liverpool and its suburbs, the number of bonced | arrivals at Hncipel sone Co pa warehouses is estimated at five hundred ; and in Londou vert, L. [Pana a omme : +e. Bes and other ports of the British empire, Se aon “~ oT eA, 3 sends. These it nse a Sle aon ° “ . Weed, Albany; A. Mi their fine docks and mighty basins— fs ff eocted b Dae Donte Warren. 4 win; J. 1, 5 Be “onnayer, Boston; ©. Smythe, Boston; J. house often covering many acres of ground, and storing throughout the yeer assorted cargves of several hun eanarec, Beaten Pere ‘hotee 01, J. Jellries, Boston; Nicholas Carter, Ken. rohents aust commates of he werk. Lnjeos, (hs i world. qi Soane parece by which England has built up her ‘ogland; C. Alger, Mass, J. Ward, Bosten; vust commerce ; and for « long series of years her whole- do. whether for or against protection, acknowledg- ed the important benefits of this system. Here, the ad a ° w.—kdward Hayes, U. 8 3uP. . fale College; Tingiey_ O'Moher Wet Beat; je\phia ; Captain Smith, ¢U.s: engineers ; John Cass, New York ; John Titteburgh; 1. Phile- Boston, E. Handy, "U. 8. 'N. D. Caleb Lyons, Ly Ce J. Thorne, Boston; A. i ‘of Europe to the centre of the torritory, popula- ‘at | Hon and Meter ad jo Re and are ax ore, eens to still nearer, wi all | asta ch "Pecitio shall be taited ‘at the Mexi- can isthmus, which, combined with our ssions on the Pacific, would revolutionise in our favor the com- eS merce of the world, end more rapidly advance our great- Prane ‘W. Morgan, Portlendy 14. Avery, Geor- ih, and . than any event that has occur- | gia; W. Meade, Albeny: J. Thayer, do; Capt. Day, fol Gince the edoption it ‘he consilution. with; M. Vassar, Po 7 o euahee, Hickinead; Its deomed important that our revenue lawy siould | & Breyton, Rhode Leland W. Glibert, Bost be extended to Oregen, not ouly as a means of collecting New Yorke Ww, Carthe eit duties there, but also to defeat sny effurt that might be | N¢y Yorks W. Bones Be veh, Me. mado from Asia, or elsewhere, to introduce foreign mer. | give cg. J.J, Pe wens n oy, chandize free of duty into Oregon, (aow ucknowledged | ST "ntecens Boston; air, Dawson, do; W to be @ part of the Union,) then claim,the right un. | 7. wh A der the constitution to bring such articles from rekon, | fe a —— Portland exempt drom daty. into a other vert of the Union. | ores diye 0 collection districts might, perhaps, be conveniently | Boston; J. teteblished~—the one nevr tne mouth of the Oregon, Ry. | JRB Moone + FE i 4 F |, Boston | more, Sie Ldwaris, Philedelpbia; Frederick ver, and the other at or near Puget’s Sound. With a sys- tom of liberal donations of tracts of lend in O: , Bul | alee D. Ely, Rochester; I. Earle, a Setent Sos tanese, to petsloes sed senigreate, (Bit ly iM | Hower, J. Emmonds, Elijah Cobb, A lea pereen 00: Fen ee id soon B.CON- | Boston; W. B. Robinson, Portsmoath: é. i population, and, near and convonient os itisto Yeiehie; J. Logan, Pittsburgh; J New Asia, its commerce would repidly increase, and large re- ‘Aus, Duoham, fe Buell, W. imlay, 3 4. A venues accrue to the te goverumen' | , New Haven. Much time end atiestion have boon given by this Je | UCTS SS . Laon Soe Clagrae unfor a parvitfon, | yp BUICAL AlD—D FAW ? ivenses. be. jn the month of J} ta, Thernton A. Jenkins neces and soaver Cesseareaae tnd Rishurd Bache, Hayy, were detailed by the cesay.oe the coneonled cauecs of Navy ~ Py oe bastrections feom the tad youttful impendeace, ing ie ‘reesury , some: a1 2 A coustitution: he well as our own. evi complete. tei eseminedion | | tremors ihichetier the wen, Ld = before the clore of the session of Congress, they | dels ee paesal pt Phaser ge 3 "4, communicated the result to this department, ia a most ore iy A st | able and report, containing full and valuable | Su -qeons of b iors by ‘this report | roi itz Legnae Frese, te dle | Sed ceva be a9 = ar or the Ne sulted i i | ty | the ‘