The New York Herald Newspaper, August 20, 1846, Page 1

Wal. XI, No. 224—Whole No. 4461. THE NEW YORK HERALD. By Adams & Co. and Harnden & Co.'s Expresses. ARRIVAL OF THE STEAMSHIP CALEDONIA AT BOSTON. NINE DAYS LATER FROM EUROPE. The Success of the Whig Ministry. THE PROGRESS OF FREE TRADE. THE SUGAR QUESTION. Political Disruption in Ireland. THE CHOLERA IN LONDON. Another Attempt to Assassinate the King of France. AMERICAN AFFAIRS IN EUROPE, Buropean Mediation juested b Mexican" if THE CROPS AND GRAIN MARKETS, THE COTTON TRADE. dic. dic. The steamship Caledonia, Captain Lott, arriv- ed at Boston on Tuesday. The lightning line, owing to the rascality of some one, failed to bring the news, and we there- fore had to depend upon the next most speedy conveyance—Adams’ and Harnden’s Expresses. Our Napoleon in the Express line, Bigelow of Boston, could have reached this c.ty last evening with the news,but he knocked under to lightning, and did not start. The intelligence is to the 4th inst., from Liver- pool,and is interesting, with a slightdash of impor- tanoe. The importance, however, is confined almost wholly to the success of the new English Ministry on the Sugar Question. The Courrier Francats, of Paris, says that the Mexican Government has demanded of France and England their mediation to put an end to the war with the United States, and that the depar- ture of the Psyche for Vera Cruz hasbeen de- layed some days, in order that it may carry the answer to this proposition. The Mayor of London had announced that the cholera was in that city. It produced some ex citement, and many were in consequence, leav- ing for the country. . Prince Albert was on a visit to Liverpool. The accession of the whigs to power had pro- duced a slight disruption in Ireland. O’Connell and the O’Brien section of the repealers were at loggerheads. The proceedings of the British Parliament are barren of interest. The dull monotony ofa long session, now drawing rapidly to a close, had been relieved by two nights’ discussion on the Sugar Duties. The Government scheme has triumphed by a majority of 265 to 135, nearly two to one. This result virtually abrogates the monopoly,and places sugar in the same catagory as corn—by: an easy declension on the high road to Free-trade. Sir Robert Peel gave the Minister’s measure a gene- rous support, and the greatness of the majority may be traced to that circumstance. Of course, all fears of an immediate dissolution are at end: The value of iron had improved,in England, in anticipation of an increased export to the United States. There appears to be no material change in the cotton market. There was very little doing in the manufactur. ing districts. A small parcel of wool from Oregon had been offered in London. The London Money Market was without much.change. Mexican funds had been affect- ed—they had declined. The corn trade was inactive. The large ar- rivals of flour and wheat frem the United States and Canada tended to depress prices. Baboo Dwarkanauth Tagore, the distinguished Hindoo gentleman, the richest man in the world, isdead. With the exception of the learned Ram- mohun Ray, he was the first Brahmin of any note, we believe, who has visited Europe. The Britannia arrived in Liverpool from Bos- ton on the 31st ult. Louis Bonaparte, ex-King of Holland, died at Leghorn of apoplexy, on the 24th ult., aged 67. The Pope of Rome has granted a general am- nesty for all political offenders. Another attempt has been made on the life of the King of the French. While seated at a win- dow in the Palace of the Tuileries, to listen to a . concert performed by the Nati-nal Guards, on the 80th ult., a man in the crowd drew a pistol, and fired two shots at the King. At Berlin on the 22d, Mr. Wheaton, the Ameri- can Minister, took his leave of the King of Prus- sia, and Mr. Donelson was received in private audience, and presented his credentials. AmeExican Frour.—Three hundred barrels of Amencan flour reached Nottingham from Liver. pool the other day, and was immediately sold ai avout eight doliars per barrel. American Surriies.—The following extensive pei ston of flour and other articles from the Uni- ted States place at the port of Liverpool in one day. The Nicholas Biddle, from New Or- leans, brought 7600 packages of flour and 7600 Staves for coopers’ use; the Farewell, trom Bali- more, 968) barrels of flour and 4678 bushels of wheat; the Hardie, from New Orleans,; 1478 pack- pe ethene 1581 bags of corn, and 507 sacks of wi 3 the Robert Parker, from New York, 5283 barrels of flour, 66 of bread, and several of Indian meal; the Hargrave, from Baltimore, 5700 barrels of flour, 4000 bushels of Indian corn, 300 of lard, &c.; and the Promise, from Montreal, brought 8200 barrels ef flour, 5000 barrels of wheat, and 4600 bushels of peas, the produce of Canada. A New Comer.—Sir—Last night at 1h. 10m mean time, I discovered a telescopic comet, in the constellation Camelopardus. Its observed posi- tion was, July 29, at 12h. 6m. 6s. mean Greenwieh time—Right Ascension, 8h. 15m. 35 2s —North | Dectination, 60 deg. 37m. 2s. The diurnal motion in R. A. is about $m. 68s. decreasing, that in dec- lination is quite pt, Saye The comet is a round nebuiosity, with a bright stellar nucleus, and may be seen with a telescope of moderate power. lam, Sir, your most bee. 9 servant, . R. Hinv. Mr. Bishop’s Observatory, Regent’s Park, Thureday morning, July 30, Gxrman Raitroaps.--A letter from Munich of the 22d ult., states that intelligence had been re- ceived from Vienna, announcing that the Austrian Government had deci led upon constructing, with the greatest promptitude, a railroad from Vienna to Salzburg. On receiving this intelligence the Bavarian rnment mnediately resolved on establishing a railway from Munich to y | These decisions of the two Governments have | Caused ed payee satisfaction at Munich, as by the railroads in question the latter city would be included in the net work 6f railways which will t connect the Adriatic with the Baltic sea. b | American Affairs in Europe.—Op! inions in England and France. [Paris Letter in Liverpool T: «American affairs have of late Deon honored with scarce- ly any notice at all in this part of the world. La Presse ave has pot forth an article, the object of which is to that OS Ew mediation of England between and the Unitod States will be rejected by the latt auch rejection will bea great humiliation for England, and compel England to choose between “a peace full of sacrifices, ora war full of perils!” There's » profound politician for you! If the man who can see in the retusal of friendly offices “a peace full of sacrifices, ora war full of perils,” be not capable of seeing slap through the d sost millstone, mest assuredly no man can The Pri also put forth a lucubration to prove that lord Palm would never consent tu ratify the Oregon treat: he was determined to abandon California; the aba donment being described ascertain to be “ one of the | eroraeg events cver yet registered in the annals of Great ritain; for it woula be, in effect, the abdication of a ro- Paros aol for which Great Britain has not hesitated to enter into a struggle once with France.once with Spain,and twice with the ited States.” Alas! for the psor Presse. rd Palmerston has ratified the Oregon treaty; and it now remains to be seen whether the taking of the Cali- fornias by the United States will be ‘the abdication of sovereignty by Great Britain.” As to the Oregon treaty itself, the Presse declares that it is “the tardy abandon- ment of what for more than thirty years England called her rights, and the accepiance of a division not more ad- vantageous to her than that which she refused in 1818, in 1824, 1827, and 1845.” It declares, moreover, that the ide for the Columbia being free in it Britain. It “the navigation is not p 2 ene the London asserts; for though the Hudson’s Bay Company perpetual charter, it is enly for territories between C: da aod the Rocky Mountains, those territories being removed from Oregon The North West Company acharter in Oregon, and it expires in 1563. A rene of the charter would not enable it to take advantage of the Oregon treaty,” The Presse seems not to be aware that the Hudéon’s Bay Company and the North West Company are now amalgamuted. The same journal has given an article on Moxican af- fairs, in the course of which it expresses a ver ided opinion that Senta Anna will not return to M sent, for it would be contrary to his interests to ‘D- ed in a war which iy certain to be disastrous, and which the popular fee! vould prevent him from abandoning. The Siecle Claes an opinion, that if Mexico would offer ene half of what the United States demanded, the offer would be immédiately accepted by the latter, for the purpose of bringing the war toa close Tt also thinks that it is impossible that the war can be pushed vigorously by the United States before Septem yr. In an article on the offered mediation of E: nd, the Siecle stated that it had infor i of England be rejected by the Was! would immediately demand what was intended with re- spect to Mexico, and would not ratify the Oregon treaty until she was answered. On the last point we know that the Siecle has been gravely misinformed The Esprit Public, a journal of no great character or in fluence, says that England wants to drag France into an intervention ty eS the United States in the Mexican such intervention to be armed, if necessary.— at the French government is not willing te of fend the United States, though it dare not say “No,” to Great Britain acontemptible fable! “The same Esprit Public #1 at it is vory likely that Lord Pal. merston will rush into a war with the United states, in order to distract the attention of the British people from the feebloness of the whig government {! 1 em reall achamed to have to report such extra pitiable trash ; butit is right to lay it before you. Be- yond what is here stated, nothing has been said by any of the newspapers on American affairs ; from the Dedats, or the Epoque, the two government organs, not one word The Presse has reproduced a few lines from Wash ington Union, relative to France sending ron to the Guif of Mexico, “not,” as it popes of replying to them, but to show how great have en the distrust and susceptibility of the Americans pry md the French Government since the unhappy affair of Texas.’ The Moniteur of Sunday last (the official journal) pub- lishes a notification from President Paedes, declaring that the port of Acapulco, being in the hands of the insur- gents,,shal) be closed to Mexican vessels within one month from the 22d of May, within four months of thet sate for vessels of America, and within six months for versels from Europe. The Moniteur also publishes x letter from the commander of the steam frigate Missis- sippi, ratifying the blockade by the United States squad- ron of the port of Vera Cruz. [From the Liverpool Ti: Wo are indebted to a friend for pera to publish the following strong and gratifying expression of opinion as to the conduct of the British government, and the British press during the recent Oregon, negotiations and discussions. It was uttered by Mr. John C. Calhoun, one of the most distinguished of American si men, in the presence of the writer ofa letter which is now be- fore us :—" The British government (he said) has exhi bited the greatest wisdom, judgment, and magnanimity. Had there been the least false step on the other side— had the speeches in Parliament, or the articles in the public journals been of an exasperating character, we could not then have arranged matters on this side as we pre — Notwomen — have aes ares te purpose, more forbearance, and more sagacity, than Lord Aberdeen and Sir Robert Peel.” no One of the satirical newspapers has the following, the truth of which, of course, is pot implicitly to be t lexican chargé d’ affaires met lately in a political salon, an American diplomatist. The perpetuit ion of Gi relied upon. “The conversation turned upon the war, and the Mexican, after reproaching the Yankee, added, It is evident Mr. —that you have been guilty of a most culpable action—that of having debauched our daughter.” “I am sorry,” replied the American, “ that bi complain, but the truth is that your daughter threw erself into ourarms. However, ie wrovg we did we have now made reparation—we have married hor !” Opinion of the American Tariff Bill in England. ‘rom the Manchester Guardian.) important measure become a | Should ale it important influence upon the commerce between the United States and this country ; the reduction of duties upon most of our staple productions being very ¢ onside- rable, and upon none, perhaps, more so than upon the manufactures of cotton. Under the existing law, the duty on these manufactures (nominally 35 per cent) is levied, not upon the real value, but upon certain ficti- tious valuations, which serve to raise the actual duty in many cases to 80, 90, or 100 per cent. Under the provi- sions of the bill now before the Senate, the duty on em- broidered and tambored cottons will be 30 per cent, on cotton velvets, 20 per cent; and on all other manufac- tures of cotton, 26 per cunt ad valorem. Under a duty of this amount, the import of the finer qualities of English cotton manufactures, and aly of good prints, mus ins, and probebly five shistings, will be large; and we may expect the trade in those articles to be restored to som like the amount at which it stood some years ago. The reductions in the duty on iron, and on woollen and worsted manufactures, are important ; but, as we shall probably have decisive intelligence as to the fate of the bill at an early period, we shall, for the pre- sent, abstain from any further remarks upon it. American Mall Steamers. The American public will recollect that on the arrival of the Great Western, we published a condensed account of a cor that had been lately held in Bristol, convened for the purpose of setting forth the claims of that city for being the terminus of the proposed line of mail packets di- rect to New York, and suggesting to government the propriety and justice of submitting the con- tracts to Ee ic Competition, in order to enable the Great Western Steamship Company to make their estimates for the proposed service. By the arrival of the Caledonia, we perceive that the mat- ter has been acted upon in Parliament, and was the subject of a long debate between some of the members of that ly. We give a synopsis of the debate:— Mr. P. Mires proceeded to move the resolution of which he had given notice, for a select committee to in- quire into the circumstances connected with th nt ing of the present contract for the conveyance o! the mails from England te Halifax and Boson, also into the circumstances connected with the granty of any new, or the extension of the existing con rast for the same purpose. The honorable member said it was ible that the country should be satisfied with the contracts mede with the Cunard line. The perform- ances of the Great Western and Great Britain steam- ships were well known, and it was important to the mercantile community that they should still run. Yet although the ernment had been in the habit of receiving letters and despatches by these vessels, the company to which they ey ed had never received a farthing for the service. It consequence that com- and that the. most ample op tion should be afforded between Liverpool andjthe United States. The effect of competition had been to reduce the passage-money be- tween this country and North America from £40 to £30, and £25; but he would venture to say, that if the Great Western Company’s ships arenow withdrawn, the sage-money would be at once rai-ed to £40. The public interests demanded an jnvestigation into this case; for the public had a right to know why so joa sum of money was expended on an undertaking which was not open o public competition. He considered that it es most unjustifiable to add [Pow eo of £10,000 or £5, to the original contract, without ne the gente with the reasvn for such augmentat He would ven- ture to assert that the Great Western Company would continue the communication at an outlay much below that which was now incurred by the country; that com- pany was ready to undertake the contract for a much less sum than was now paid. Mr. Bernevey, Eeresenitive from Bristol, in secend- ing the motion, stated that he considered that the present system of pomisiog tenders in cases of this kind was @ most fictitious anddelusory system; and he was inclined to think that there was som bad and rotten in that ‘stem, from the circumstance that the Great Western Steam Company had been excluded from all these con- tracts, The Great Western Company solved the problem of ocean steam navigation, and was the first company to build steam vessels of the magnitude which it was now admitted was a} for st amers intended to under take ages. the time of the Canadian out- break, w! nthe speedy ance of despatches wes ince of the dis- intelligence A of a orenlining tee the voyages rapid communication the: ‘Government. He a observe, also, that the Great Western was the ves- sel which brought the earliest intelligence of the sup- ression of the outbreak ; and what wasthe last per Rormance of that noble vessel? When the right Hon. Baronet the late first Lord of the Treasury came down to that house and made the prottd declaration that the go- | vernment had concluded a treaty with the United States jon the Oregon question, he was enabled to make that | statement in consequence of the celerity with which the despatches of our minister in the States were con- veyed to this country by the Great W The Great Britain, the sister vessel to the Great Western, also | brought home tho carliest news of the ratification of | that treaty. He (Mr. F. Berkeley,) considered this a most monstrous case’ He maintained that contracts of | this kind ought notto be given away without competi- | tion, to the exclusion of a company which had at least as | strong claims as any other upon the country. Mr. Gou.wurn said, as the contract with Mr. Cunard right to state the circumstance tract had been made. in the yi | advisable to attempt to establis! steam for the conveyance of mails. across the Atlan- tic, and a general tender was then publicly advertised. The service was the conveyance of mails between Eas Jand, Halifax, and Nova Scotia, and between England, Hoetifax, and New York. In reply to that advertisement two propositions only were made—one by the Great Westorn Company, and ‘he other by the St. George's Company. Neither of those companies was pre) to execute the servioe with vessels ofthe size and strength, or with engines of th lied by the Board of Admivalty. lors, the.efore, fell to the ground. Mr. ¢ unard mad proposition to the government to sup- ply three vessels horse power each, for the pur. pose of conv ee the mails once a fortnight to Halifax tnd Boston, and also up the St. Lawrence, for 55,0001. a }ear—a suin somewhat below that required by one of the companies which had formerly —tendered.— At a later period, ‘ever, the difficulties of navigation during the winter judged to be so great that Mr. Cunard said he fei vessels of three hundred horse power would not be adequate to the safe conveyance of the mails across the Atlantic, and he made a proposal to i frees to, that instead of orse power each, five wer should be employ- ed. The government annexed to that contract the con- dition that the vessels should be so built that, in the event of war, they would be capable of carrying guns of the heaviest celibre, and of belug employed agaicet a hostile power. In consideration of this wugmentation, an in- © was made inthe payment to Mr. Cunard, and it was determined that be should receive £80 000 for twen- under which that con- ty voyages. to be annually performed by vensels of the description agreed upon Afterwards, the House con ented to mi an addition of £10,000 a year to the contract, in consequence of a fifth vessel being applicd to this service by Mr. Cunard, who, upon an examina- tion of the accounts, had proved the deficiency of the former allotment; but the government subsequently withdrew from that a sum of £5, of the withdrawal of Mr. Cunard’s ol acertain number of vessels for the Lawrence, Betore the year in which the contract com- pluined of was entered into, a discussion arose as to the best mode of conveying the mails to the North Ameri: and in 1845, he (Mr. Goulburn) believed a: it was made with the American Government, which had been tor some time under consideration, for conveying across the United States, in closed mails which were to go to our colonies there; and under that arrangement it became advisabie that the mails should be taken by New York, instead of by Boston. A be pressure also was made upon the Government to joubly the number of munications between this coun- try and Nerth America; and under these circumstances, looking to the previous contract with Mr. Cunard, in which he was under engagement, when required, to go double the number of agen, the Government enter- ed into correspondence with him forthe meron f esta- blishing that weekly communication wit! our colonies there during the summer months, and fortnightly during the winter, which would give 44 communications in the ear. It was upon that contract that the present question ad arisen. The form nditure under the contract in fact, been no iture to the public ; for, by of Mr. Cunard’s regularity and industry, the received upon the letters to and from the North ican colonies more than defrayed the ninety theusand pounds a year payable to him: (hi hear); The Great Western Company had studiously avoided those months which every one knew to be most difficult and dangerous, and in-which principal the risk of any undertaking tocross the Atlantic existed. [It was the duty of the Government to take care that the public were served on the best possible terms, and they did not propose to Mr. Cunard to give him to the full extent to which he might have beenentitled by doubling the num- ber of voyages, but they reduced the amount, so that instead of £180,000, to which he would have been enti- tlad under the contract of 1941, they gave him £145,000 for 44 voyages; and in order that the Government might transmit the mails with most con nce to all parties interested in the regular conveyance and delivery of let- ey allowed him to fernate voyages to ‘and New York, subject to a power in the Gov- Li ernment in caso of necessity. to divert him to the one point or the other; and, having established a communica- tion across the United State New York, it would have been idle indeed to establish a mail that did not al- ternately embrace both these. Mr. Cunard having proved to all what no other company had ever yet proved,—that it was possible to maintain this communication Togularly duringthe winter, and hav- ing, therefore, a claim upon the public, that if the let- ters were to be conveyed twice as often he should have the carrying of them, there did not oppear to him (Mr. Goulburn), to be a power of hesitation in Giving to Mr. Cunard the additional contract, offering as |, lower terms than any previously effered Lord Curments hoped it would be an instruction to the committee to consider whether it would not be pre- ferable to have the packets to Halifax start from the western coast of Ireland—the nearest point to America. Mr. Sroower said, that it was utterly im) ible for the Great Western and Grest Britain steam competition with the Government sum paid to the Government packet the others from the want of similar aid could not the line, and thus the ptm TT by facturing districts, from competition in the the rate of freights, was lost. The right hon. gentleman said that Mr. Cunard’s ehips crossed the Atlantic during the winter month"; but the reason of that was that he was well paid for so doing, and the others could not do the same because they were not paid. There was not the least accusation against Mr. Cunard for the man- ner in which he carried owt his contract, for he had per- formed it with great punctuality (hear, hear) but that ‘was no reason why the country should be deprived of the benefit of competition. The government had adver- tised for tenders br carrying the mails to Boston and Halifax, and twoteaders were sent in, neither of which came within the terms of the advertisement. The terms were then altered, but the government concluded the contract without offering those terms to the public. Mr. M. Peiiiirs saw the difficulty in which the vernment had been placed, and when they entered into a contract for the safety and security of the transmission of letters across the Atlantic steam communication, | eer bv err on the right is they wisely and proper! 4 f La of proper power and em side, and to choose vesse! Hence arose the first difficulty. A modification of the itood, took co ae 1e provisional arrangements, he anders! there appeared only one party able to conform rules and suggestions of the government, and the con- tract was accordingly placed im the hands of that indivi- dual. He was anxious that this committee should be granted, in order that the commercial interests should feel assured that they had been Properly attended to, but he did not mean to let one word fall against the perfect good faith with which Mr. Cunard carried out the contract. Sir Rosent Peet sincerely hoped that no objection would be made to the anpointment of this committee. The treasury gave this contract to Mr. Cunard because they thought that at the period at which the original contract was entered into, engagements were formed which entitled Mr. Cunard to this indulgence. It was said that the contract was signed after the resignation of the late ministers had been tendered ; but it mast be borne in mind that they had all the power to conduct the public business, and, the contract being made, there was an obligation in honor to sign it. Fee! a? that the interests of Mr Cuvard would be protected, he claimed inquiry on the part of the treasury. “ine Cu-ncetuon of the Exchequer said he thought that the offer of Mr. Cunard was a very advantegeous offer for the public, infinitely more advantageous than the other tenders received. The most advantageous pre viously received was for £45,000 a year for « montnly communication, but Mr. Cunard tendered for £55,000 for 4 forth; ea nies soa eg subsequently a further sum of was given for the addition of a commanica- tion up the St. Lawrence to Quebec, making the whole amount of the contract £60,000, including the communi- cation with Quebec That was better than any other ten- der, and was the most benefieial bargain that offered for the public. Mr. Cunard had perto:med the service he had undertaken most creditably to himself, and also with st advantage and profit to the public. (Hear) It was, he believed, the only Jine of communication with distant countries where the postage on letters more than defrayed the expense. (Hear) He certainly thought Mr. Cunard had claim to the contract, which was an exceedin; eneficial one to the country, the rate of carryiny Seing £460 per voyage lower than the lowest tender that could be got when first put up. It had been stated by the hon. member from Bristol that a deputa- tion had waited upon the noble lord at the head of the government, requesting that if the contract was not sign- ed, itshould not be so till an enquiry took place. The ie lord at that time did not know the fact that the con tract had been signed, and agreed to the request of the deputation. If th lemen, however, had waited pon him, he would have told them that, at the time they asked for delay and inquiry, the contract had been already sup- scribed He was satisfied with the whole transactions re- oe yo matter, but he would be the last person to ome the fullest inquiry being made. P. Mites said he,would now withdraw his motion, on the unde: , as stated by the right hon. gentle- men, ae the committee would be granted. The motion was Ww wn. seep on the manu the gr Ireland. Mr. Redington is the first Roman Catholic who has filled the office of Under Secretary for Ireland. The Repeal Association was engaged on Mon- | day and Tuesday, to which it adjourned, in a squabble, of nearly a personal character, between the two sections into which it has tor some time been Lin fete divided, of ‘* Old Ireland” and “Young Ireland,” as represented af Mr. O’Connell and Mr, Smith O’Brien, The latter gentlemen was’ present, and address the menting some length,as did Mr. John O’Coénnell a Mr. Reilly, and one or two others. The parti were very courteous to cach other, but evidently had been entered into under his advice, he thought it | ‘Jowering of | the followers | States an NEW YORK, THURSDAY MORNING, AUGUST 20, 1846. Priee Two Cents. . entertain no mutual likely to end in the disruption of the whole folly; at which the Irish people, ifthey have any com- mon sense, cannot fail to be delighted. for the week was announced to be £109 43. At the rapa on Tuesday, Mr. Meagher was Jensfyiog the adoption of Pi 05 force, which caused great contusion, an rt. John O’- Connell asserted that, by his advocacy of physical force, Mr. Meagher had virtually ceased to be a member of the Association, and unless the Asso- ciation agreed with him in his view of the mat- ter, he (Mr. J. O’Conunell) would no longer con- tinue to be a member of it. A scene of the ut- most confusion and excitement ensued, in the midst of which Mr. Smith O’Brien, accompanied by all the members of the ‘*Young Ireland” party in the meeting, left the hall, intimating that the had ceased to eration, After a short lapse of time, and when tranquility was somewhat restored, Mr. J. O’Con- nellexpressed his heartfelt sorrow at the course which Mr. Smith O’Brien and his friends had thought proper to pursue. In moving the ad- journment of the Association to Monday next, he observed that he might undertake to promise that on that day his father would be present, who should endeavor, as far as in him lay, to heal the wound which had just then been inflicted on Ire- land. The meeting then separated. France. Our advices from Paris are to the Ist inst. At a grand banquet given by his constituents at Lisieux, M. Guizot delivered a long and very re- markable speech. It was remarkable zs the in- fuguration of the new policy of the conservative party, of which he is the distinguished leader, that policy being the adoption of all useful reforms, and the serious examination of every measure that may be proposed. ‘‘ Weare,” said he, “a government of progress. People speak of a sta- tionary spirit of immobility. have not thought seriously. When liberty exists in a country, when it exists in the midst of order, p day by th ties under the protection of public order.” Gentlemen, they is infallible: it is accomplished every e free development of individual liber- Ithink this avowal must give sincere pleasure to eve real friend of his country ; for unquestionably all that France now needs is domestic reform, such as an extension of the suffrage, the removal of ublic functionaries from the Chamber, more ‘reedom to the press, a little more liberty to the peshies &c. &c. If newspapers and public men had contended for those things, instead of wast- ing their energies in heated discussions on foreign atlars, one half of which were of no intrinsic im- ortance, this great and glorious nation would ave occupied a higher place among the free na- tions of the world than she now does. The rest of M. Guizot’s speech was devoted to praise of the Conservative party for what it hes done during the last sixteen years, and demon- strating that it was the best and wisest policy it could MANE adopted. The orator observed that France was iz full possession and in full exercise of all the liberties guaranteed by the constitution, and said that the government would endeavor to increase the material as well as the moral inte- rests of all classes, He praised highly the peace- ful policy ofthe King, and said it had gained France the respect of Europe. He also compli- mented very highly Louis Philippe, the Chamber of Peers, and the late Chamber of Deputies. Re- ferring to a visit made within the last week by Louis Philippe to the detached forts, M. Guizot said thatthe King seemed to say to Europe, “Come and take them ;”” but though the expres- sion of quiet pride, that was not inimical or me- nacing, for the fortifications were a security for peace. This oration of the Foreign Minister will, no doubt, be torn to pieces to-morrow by the op- position press; but I repeat that every impartial person, having noconcern with the squabbles ot party, will find it highly satisfactory. During the last fortnight the newspapers have scarcely done anything but hammer away at the general elections, which take place on the first of August. Each journal sticks up stoutly for the candidates of its party, and mauls most ferocious- ly those of its opponents. The opposition prints are particularly severe on such of the ministerial- ists as voted the indemnity of Mr. Pritchard, the hero of the notorious Tahiti business. To enter into a detailed examination of these attacks and indications is totally impossible—it would occupy all your columns. I may state, however, that my opinion remains what it has ever been— namely, that the Conservative party will be triumphant. members of the Repeal confed- | t ter t | and to-day relief was distributed to the poor, and e rent of the 8d.— | They s Reports have been current lately of a change of ministry being determined upon, whatever may be the result of the elections. For my part, 1 be- lieve nothing of the kind. A newspaper says that Louis Philippe told Count Mole notto go too ae adistance from Paris to pass his vacation, for it was probable that he might have need of him; and this is interpreted into an intention of his Ma- jesty to get rid of M. Guizot. I don’t believe that the King ever said it ; or if he did, most certain, it was not with the intention of dismissing M. Guizot, for ifthe elections be in his favor, as I re- peat they will be, his Majesty will be most happy to keep him in of It is notorious that Louis Philippe has the greatest confidence in the great pe oll and tae warmest admiration of his talents. In a publication by the Minister of Commerce of documents on the trade with China, the ne- cessity of bringing cloth not less in width than from 1 metre 57 to 1 metre 60 is insisted upon, the Chinese refusing all that are narrower. Bright colors should be employed. French cottons and calicoes, though said to be superior, were neglect- ed for the English. Upon the whole, the French appear not to have had any very great success in China compared with that of the English, the Americans, oreven the Dutch. The fault is de- scribed to be in exporters not seeking to adapt their force the Chinese to adopt European fa: thing they are by no means disposed to do. roducts to Chinese tastes, but trying to The Government has, at length, after much hesitation, authorised the association got up in imitation of the Anti-Corn Law com. bat for the absolute abolition fof all commercial Toate, i’ pest is 8404 ere are constantly em; in Paris public vehicles, inoladta 340 omnibuses. They receive on an average 16 francs per day, which makes 22,817,340 francs per annum. This ¢normous sum is equal to 6centimes per day for each inhabitant. A report has been current that the Government intends to reduce or abolish by royal ordinance the duty on the importation of sheet iron coffin; from the United States of America. I am not able however, to vouch for the truth of the report.— Still it is not improbable that it may be correct.— The shipping interest, which is in a woful state, demands a modification of the duty on iron as al- most the sole means of saving it from absolute de- struction; the ironmasters of France, on the other hand, protest against any. modification which shall open the door to English and Belgian pro- ducts; hence it is not impossible that, as a com- promise, a resolution toadmit United States iron may have been ed to between the contend- ing interests; foe, douats United States iron would be cheaper than thatof France, and therefore ad- vantageous to the shipowners, it would yet not be sufficiently cheap to cause the ironmasters to dread its competition. Ita rs that the combined fleets of England and France, although not yet aw g and complet, have already done good service in putting down the abominable trade in slaves on the western coastot Africa; and they are confident of doing yer grantor things shortly. _ The A ie ape has severely punished some individuals who sent their slaves out of his domin- ions, and of them elandestinely, on the taking place. H abolition of fae From the ist July, 1845, to the Ist July, 1846, there were 836 bankruptcies in Paris. The num- ber of cases judged by the Tribunal of Commerce in 1845 were 50,926. The Octroi from the Ist of January to the Ist of July yielded 18,600,000f — The population of Paris is now rather more than a million. The differences between France and the Gov- ernment of Hayti, have been satisfactorily arran- ged. The latter pays an indemnity, inv tes the consul of France by letter to resume his fuz.ctions, and receives him with all honors on land. It is stated that the English agents have contributed greatly to bring about this satisfactory result. The limited number of electors (about 200,- 000) in this country have voted, In the de- partment of the Seine, including Paris and some towns of considerable importance, there were at the last general election, in 1842, only 18,872 elec- tors inscribed, of whom only 15,778 voted. Elec- tions are very quiet and orderly in this country. There is no novse, no tumult, no bands of music. no flags, no bloody noses, as we see in the Uni din Great Britain. At this the French profess to be extremely pleased, and bless their stars that their elections are not like the brutal scenes of America and England. But if they had the same liberty as Americans and Britons; that is to say, if, instead of two hundred thousand, | crown of France on the head of Louis Phillippe, will. The result appears | they had millions of electors, their elections would be just as violent and brutal. ‘he importations from abroad, in the first half | prone year, amount to 74,676,000 francs. | ow a decline of upwards of a million as | compared with 1845. Reduction of taritfs scribed as the cause. Among the articles which have declined, figure cotton and wool. In the course of Monday night, the stables of | the Hippodrome caught fire, and were complete- | ly destroyed, the harness of the horses, together with the costumes of the actors, &c. The da- mage done is very considerable. It is supposed that the fire was the work of an incendiary. Yesterday, to-day, and to-morrow, ure the six- teenth anniversaries of the ‘‘three glorious days of July,” which resulted in the placing of the and of making the charter wne verité. Yesterday prayers were oilered in the churches for the re- pose of the souls of those killed in 1830. To- morrow there will be all manner of amusements; pantomimes, balls, concerts, eaeee poles, jousts on the! water, fire-works, illuminations. The Champs Elysees are to be illuminated in most brilliant style. The Bourse will be closed, and commerce generally suspended. The Intelligence from the French squadron of evolution sets forth that the crews are admirabl disciplined, and execute the mancuvres peeked ingly well. But it is stated that all the heavy ves. sels are wretched sa.lers. 4 Wi the whole, the harvest this year is very goed, but in some places the crops are less than the average, and in some parts of Bretagne they have been entirely destroyed. Iam yrieved to have to inform you that another attemprhas been made on the life of King Louis Philippe. Yesterday evening, at seven o’clock, his Majesty appeared as usual on the balcony of the principal window of the Palace of the Tuile- ries, to listen to the concert which was given by the bands of the National Guard, as part of the customary rejoicings in commemoration of the revolution of aly. The King was accompanied by the Queen, the Princes his sons, and other members of the Royal Family. He was warm! reeeived by the crowd assembled, and saknow!: edged their greeting with his usual warmth. No sooner had he seated himself, and given the sig- nal tor the concert to commence, than a person in the crowd drew forth a pistol, and fired two shots atthe King. By 2 Dicsmanee dispensation nei- ther touched his Majesty. Nor was any person near to him at all injured. The King himself pointed out the assassin, who was immediately arrested, and lodged in safe custody, The police had great difficully in saving him from the ven- weance of the ‘pelts Being questioned, the miscreant really admitted his crime, stated his name to be Joseph Henri, that he is fifty years of age, and a manufacturer of objets de faniasie, re- siding at Paris. Misfotunes, he said, had made him weary of life, and he fired on the King to get talked about, and as a means of meeting death, He added that he proposed to commit.the crime some weeks back when on duty at the Palace as a Na- tional Guard, but refrained lest he should bring disgrace on his comrades, The attempt on his life excited no perceptible emotion in the mind of the King. He was as calm and as composed as if nothing had happened.— His Majesty, as on previous occasions, sat out the conclusion of the concert, and then went to wit- ness the fireworks, for the commencement of which he gave the usual signal. After they were concluded he returned to Neuilly, and from thence started for the Chateau d’Eu The assassin will, no doubt, be beheaded like his predecessor Lecomte. He is well dressed, of elegant manners, and at the time he was arrested had 140 francs in his pocket. This makes the seventh attempt at assassination from which Louis Philippe has escaped. What a shame and disgrace itis even to the nation at large that so great, so patriotic, so aged a man, pro be thus exposed to the bullet of the mur- lerer. The newspapers do not appear to be in vei good humour with the aherstions inthe ‘Ainbiioan tariff,as they say they afford at best only miserably small advantages to French commerce, whilst some ofthe changes will positively be more in- jurious to it than the existing tariff. ) Italy. We have advices from Milan to July 21. At Naples some sensat.on has been created by a cardinal, in preaching a sort of funeral sermon on the late Pope, attacking violently the King of Russia. We have advices from St. Petersburg to July 14. The marriage of the Emperor’s daughter, the Princess Olga, with the Prince Royal of Wurtem- burg, has been celebrated with very great pomp. Orders have been sent to Kenva to sign the treaty of commerce between this country and Austria. Algiers. From Algiers the news is of the usual character, thar is to say the French have chastised revolte: or disaffected tribes, seized their flocks, and com- manded them to make oe payments in ney The tribes of the Ouled- Idi Yahia-Ben- Kaleb, those of the mountains to the north of Setif, of Ouled-Aissa, of Amoucha, have been thus treated. The last accounts represent the country as tran- quil. There were no tidings of Abd-el-Kader. ite [From the London and Paris Ladies azine of Fashion.) Taffetas glacé is the most fashionable material at this season, and checks of every dimension, either wide or narrow, are both in favor. much worn, of dark colors with white der skirt of gros de Napl barege skirt nearly covered with flounc deep ones of five placed their own width very deep and two narrow above; taffotas i and taffetas Chine are all favorite materials. Evening dresses of white taffetas d’Italie are made with flounces of crapo, edged by a narrow open gimp. Very protty redingotes, suitable for the warm weather, are of white muslin, over lilac, pink, paille or green, trimmed with the new tulle called tulle Payan; the corseges full, and ceinture of sarcenet ribbon of tl Lace and crape dresses have three deep flounces of black lace of graduated wi with berthe and revers of lace. Mo dresses of coutil de soie or de fil, are with high bedies, full at the shoul ders and waist, plain skirts, and’ Amadis sleeves; the scarfis often of the same material. Many dresses a'e of nankin or coutil Anglais, of the redingote form, the corsage descending very low, and hollowed out at hips, on which are several rows of colo tinued round the back ofthe skirt D be richly trimmed with gimps, M es of every description, devan' pogn ec, Scarfe of eith mire in large width. in opposition to the mantelets, the pelerines of which are very small, though the width of the fril Little surcots, a kind of visite, are made of pink taffetas, having merely openings for the arms, and no slecves, trimmed with a plisse of ribbon. Bon- nets of tulle bouillonne, with crosses, pdille de riz, lace, Jeghorns and fancy straws, are those most in favor at this moment for travelling and country we trimmed with dark green, dark blue, or ruby bouquets of field flow makes up for it Drury-lane—M. Coudere, M. Boule, M. Zelger, Madame Laborde, Madame Guichard. At the Theatre Royal, Haymarket—Mr. B. Webster, Mr W. Ferren, Mr. Stuart, Mr C. Perkins, Mr. Howe, Mr. H. Hall, Miss pain Feucit, ~, jd tO At Th Royal, Lyceum—Mer jear, . Wigan, H, Butler, Kinloch, Turner, E. Daly, Miss Forster, Miss Turner, M. Maddox, Mr. Charles Madam: Al Theatre Re Adelphi—Mr. Selby, Mr. O. Smith, Mr. Wright, Madame Celeste, Mrs. Fitzwilliam. ‘At James's Theatre—M. Cartigny, Mdlle Racel ‘At the Theatre Royal, Sadler’s- Wells—Mr. Phelps, Mr> G, Bennett, Mr. H. Marston, Mr.Creswick, Mr. Phelps Mrs. Brougham, Mrs H. Marston. At the Royal Surrey Theatre—Mr. Obaldiston, Messrs E. F. Saville, Hughes, Johnston, Neville and Forman; Mrs. Vining, Mrs. Daly, Mrs. Hughes, und Miss Lydia Miss Vincent. ueen's Th Y “ ry Ri , American Vocalist, repeats his con- certs at the City of London Theatre the ensuing week. M. Beriot caused a monument to be raised in the church of Lacken to the memory of his first wife. the lamented Malibran. ‘This monument consisted of a statue in white marble, represeuting the celebrated cantatrice as Norma, and was placed in a chapel of blue stone, closed by & bronze openwork gate, through which the statue could be seen. The number of visiters attracted by this monu- ment, however, displeased the cure of Lacksn, who caused a tin plate to be nailed over the door, pierced holes, through which detached parts only of tl ible. He states, as a pretext for this act of vandalism, that some peasants had kneit before the statue of an “actress,” and adored it as a saint. The London Times states that Mr. Webster was to have a benefit, at whieh the Misses Cushman and the Ethio- i cr would perform. It further s that er has done more to kee; itimate at than Mr. Webster, au It ia worth mentioning, that th ith of the season. ‘Truly Mr. Web promises to rival the Platonic year. Markets. Prussia, and the present Emperor of Russia, for their proceedings relative to the Catholic church. He spoke also of England, Spain, and Portugal, but with respect; of Austria he said not a word, and of France he spoke, upon the whole, very fa- vorably. It is expected that the Russian Govern- ment will complain of the attack upon the Em- i peror. . Spain, Accounts from Madudto July {22d, received. The brother of the Duke of Rianzai have been has been appointed Minister to the Republic of | the revival of Venezuela. There have been some slight attacks of chole- anes of the Doctors recommended | been extremely fine, changed for the the people, as a precaution, to make a less immo- | thunder and hail storm of ra, but none dangerous. derate use of ice than they are accustomed to do. A conspiracy has just been discovered at Pam- | &' peluna, but it does not appear to be of much im- portance, notwithstanding the government makes an immense splutter about it. In this happy land conspiracies are as plentiful as blackberries on English hedges. e eternal question of the Queen’s marriage is still on the tapis, and the beggar ee are busy in discussing the merits of the rival candidates, Switzerland. Our Geneva dates are to the 22d of July. The Council appointed to draw up the new constitution of Berne has completed its labours, by adopting the constitution by 88 votes inst 9. It is thoroughly democratic in the most demo- cratic sense of the word. It will come into opera- tion on the 31st inst. In the Diet, a letter was read from the Consul of Switzerland at New York, stating that, in the name of the President of the United States, he to announce thatthe war with Mexico was only defensive, and that a3 soon as Mexico should desire to make peace he would accept it. Some considerable time having been occupied in dis- cussion, @ conclusion was come to that nothing could be done this year with respect to the long demanded revision of the Federal Pacte, so as to free it from the objections that have been made to itever since 1816. Some Cantons de- man a total revision, some a partial revision, some'® revision by the Diet, some a revision by special commission. On no one point could a majority be obtained, and so the revision has been adjourned sine die. The same thing occurred last year, the year before, and years be- fore that; and it will go on recurring until the people become impatient, and a revolution takes place. There is no denying it, republican insti- tution do not work well in Switzerland, and, in my opinion, they never will. Prursin. Oar datesfrom Beri are to the 22d July. On the 18th, Mr. Wheaton, the Amerioan minis ter, took his leave of the King; and Mr. Donel- son, by whom he is superseded, was received in rivate audience by his majesty, and presented is credentials. " The Ecclesiastical Synod has decided that the taking cf oaths ought to be maintained. Or the Ist October next, the government will commence the publication of a new journal, the object of which is to defend it against the attacks tinued reg | 204 w Loxpon Money Manxet, August 3.—The chanees in monetary business have been few, and the desired gene ral movement of capital appears to be still delayed political circumstances, and by the uncertainty wi Bow prevails on bac og result of the harvest at home and abroad. e alarm which prevailed at the ime ofthe harvest of the late year is not ox in he same degree on the present occasion,even with al- most the certainty that Ireland will require a long con- ‘essistance for the whole of another twelve months; ere the grain fully secured, the impression on business would not be sufficient, it is thought, to prevent Prosperity, notwit ling the loss of ven a considerable of the other inferior pro- ‘uncommon severity prevailed almost all the ki , and has, we fear, done reat dam: The harvest has yet been so secured, so unusually in the fore capitalists can be expected to place full confidence ita of meneunty and mercantile affairs. stability "of the administration boing’ co witsred to be cor more omen! and the opposition to promeet cl in the bo ities less combined and threatening to power of the Minister, and the measure is now e: suppomed: "Ik snow petoalved thatthe presest su now at ern ment is to be supported, and is only ‘nominally fot the administration of Sir Robert Peel. ‘The funds have been more buoyant since the division on the sugar duties bill, Consols being higher, and the business more extensive than for sometime past. The premium on Exchequer Bills has not corresponding!» ad- vanced, but India Bonds are rather higher. and Benk stock is in good demand, at the late conuderable advance. The improved appearance of all political affairs gives ally more confidence to speculators in the English market, and the probability increases thet the quotations Pe te tigner woe progress of Parliamentary bi is favorable. Bank Stock left off firm at 20634 to booty phi per, Cents. Reduced, at 96%¢ to 9634 ; Consola, money, at Quarter per Cents. at 99 to 9834 ; India Bonds, 998. prm. ; South Sea Stock, at 106% to 17x; and Exchequer Bille The Foreign market has been better, but without any extensive transactions i: of the Ea in any ?-. aes securities, in the value of Brazilian demand improves in consequence of thi de juties w: commerce, and in the long much emberrassed Snances of Brazil. The accounts from Mexico continue to be of : extreme dullness in the business of these Bonds, ‘anch only can be sold at considerably lower quotations if pres- tations; and there is some business in the French R A but Spanish and Portoguese Bonds have been throughout the present day. The closing were— 95% to 96; for the Account. 96% to 964 ; Thi at 88. to 198, prm. the principal change being an fos which the ch in the suga 1 effect in the most disastrous description, and there is a sed for sale Russian Bonds maintain the advanced quo- ‘anusually heavy. und the changes in any of the Stocks only alight quotations Brazilian five per cents, were done at 88% for money, and 89 account; ditto new of 1843, at Bog; Gra at21%4; the deferred. at 4 261 Portuguese four per cents. for the accor Spanish five per Cents, at 2644 ; and for the account, at 2634 : Passives, at 6% ; Dutch two-and-e-half per cents, at 50%; end the four per cents, certificates, at 94: In the share market a cons: table increase of busi- of opposition prints. Mr. Flottwell, the minister of finance, has re- signed, and it is expected that Mr. Canitz and . Abden, ministers of foreign affairs and of justice, will also resign. In fact, a complete change of cabinet is expected. Holland, Our advices from the Hague are to July 2'5h. The merchants are turning their attention to colonial enterprise. They have already got up a company for the cultivation of the sugar cane, on rand scale. They propose also to make great efforts to obtain rubra of a Jarger share of the China trade. The government has established a ae sorship of the Chinese language in the niversity. Denmark. We have dates to the 20th July from Copen- | hagen. ‘the King has published a declaration, which declares that no difficulty whatever can arise as to the succession to the Duchies of Lanenbourg and Schlesuig; and that as :o the Duchy of Hol- stein, difficulties that may exist will be removed. The King’s eldest son, though two or three times married, has ne children, and at his death the German possessions of the Crown of Denmark will be separated from that country, unless some means can be devised of preventing it. The h living at present Germans and Danes, though livii a. Bw under one tary ae hate _ a separation. ante Ki ood Queen of Sweden have been on sent within che last few di have been paid buck La Court of Chancery in the £0 great an abundance in continuation of the improved commerce, there is every expec! and advanced prices in the course of the e: The market of the present day has been a further eneral improvement, but the transactions were checked yy the high price demanded for the best of the - L roo. Cortos Manxet.—Report from July 26 to July 29.--A stoady trade demand upon « market favor- ably viowed by hold gradually decr stock, hes had the effect o1 ing a slightly advancing quotable, an: J Coscaeee for - thi #, especially #0 fitios, not less the good than the of trade in Manchester, as regards both yi seoms essential to any material here. Sales of to-day to 7000 trade. 4200 American have been and 3310 American, 620 Pernams, port. The total number of sales amount August 34—Owing to the visit and the festivities market has been closed from to. The market opened with an animated demand ‘at 1J.000 bales, mostly all to the trade, eon reported in prise; out those Tae jut tained with extreme firmness. Lonpow Commenctat Manaets, ‘There has not been much activity < ‘a visit to the Danish Court, and have been receiv- ed with great pomp and respect, , alte pa Fg Tg