The New York Herald Newspaper, July 27, 1846, Page 2

NEW YORK HERALD. New York, Monday, July 27, 1846. View of Matamoras, Our artiste, in the army, has sent us a beautiful view of the city of Matamoras, from the north- east, which we have had engraved. It is our in- tention to publish it in the Herald, on Wednesday morning. That city, beirg in the possession of General ‘Taylor and his army, naturally attracts the atten- tion of the whole American people; and we, therefore, believe that a correct view of it will be very acceptable to our readers and the public. We mean to publish the engravings of all the prominent places in Mexico that may fall into the hands of Americans, Our subscribers will find on the outside of this day’s paper, a view of San Franci-co, in California. the The Tariff—Rumored Resignation of Senator t Haywood, of North Carolina. The chances in favor of the defeat of the new tariff billim the Senate are certainly improving and increasing. Mr. Webster has made a great effort to defeat it, and the complexion of politi- | cal movements at Washington is ominous. The resignation of Mr. Haywood, of North Carolina, (reported by the telegraph) at this critical period, will, we think, have its in- fluence upon the doubtful ones remaining. — Senator Haywood’s term expized in 1849, and the Governor of North Carolina can fill the vacancy at once. Should he do soy and the new member take his seat before the vote on the question, the defeat of the House bill is certain, provided Mr. Jarnagin, of Tennessee, follows Mr. Haywood’s example, or refuses to vote at all. Inthe event of Mr. Jarnagin following his instructions, and voting for the new bill, with all the other doubtful ones, it will bea tie, requiring the casting vote of the Vice President. The consummate tact of the democrats may overcome and defeat eve-y effort of their oppo- nents to atthis bill. If there is the slightest possibility of Mr. Haywood’s seat being filled by | a temporary appointment by the Governor of North Carolina, there will be an attempt made | by the friends of the bill to force the question be- | fore the whigs get the new accession to their | ranks. The course Mr. Jarnagin will pursue is wrapt in much mystery. The whig Senators do not hold to the doctrihe of instructions so faithfully as those of the opposite party, | and it is not impossible but that in this in- stence they will be inoperative. When the in- | structions under which the Senator from Tennes- | see is requested or tequired to act, were for- | warded the country was at peace with the | world, and the expenditures of the govern- | ment were confined to the ordinary and usual | channels; since that time, hostilities with Mexico | have commenced, and the government has not | only expnded all its surplus revenue,but has been | compelled to call for authority to raise funds by | the issue of Treasury notes The expenditures | ‘re now of an extraordinary character, and a | larger revenue than usual will be required for | several years, Under these circumstances, the | Senator from Tennessee may conceive it his duty to abandon his instructions, and vote against the | new bill; or, as his term expires in 1847, he may adopt the alternative, and resign his seat. The public mind is therefore as much unsettled in relation to this measure as it has been at any | time. The resignation of Senator Haywood | would, in the event of Mr. Jarnagin’s vote being | secure in favor of his political principles, have settled the question, and placed the defeat of the new bill beyond a doubt. As it is,no one can tell what will be the result. All we can say is, | that the chances are decidedly against a repeal of the present tariff, but the chances are so slight that nothing short of a miracle can save it, and that miracle may be the arrival of a Whig Sena- tor from North Carolina, to fill the vacancy made | by the resignation of Mr. Haywood, or it may be the vote of Mr. Jarnagin against the new bill.— It is the impression now, that the vote will not be taken before Wednesday, as Mr. Webster has | the floor to-day, and it is probable seme of the other Senators may wish to say something upon this interesting and important subject. Whe British Navigation of the Columbia— ‘How long 1s it to last 7 We are no lawyer, nor the son of a lawyer, nor yet learned in the law, yet we will venture to take a plain common-sense view of the rights of Great Britain in respect to the navigation of the Colum- bia river. We commence by stating that the late treaty gives the free navigation of the Columbia river either to a body corporate—existing under a char- | ter, and expiring atter a limited term of years— | and with the expiration of the charter expires the | right of British navigation—or else the treaty gives the tree navigation of the river in perpetuity to all subjects universally of the British empire. Of course, our remarks will be based on the as- sumption that the treaty has been correctly laid before the public, and that that, and that alone, | is to be the law of the land. | According to the published treaty, ‘‘ The naviga- tion of the Columbia shall be free and open to the Hudson’s Bay Company, and to all British subjects trading with the same.” Taking Greenhow for authority, the H. B. Company now exists, and derives its rights under and from a charter granted by the British Parliament in 1888, and limited to the term of 21 years. The present H. B. Compa- ny will, therefore, by limitation, cease to exist in 1869. And if it be not then rechartered, its disso- lution will be complete and total, and no question gould ever be raised as to any subsequent rights of any British corporation, or British subjects, to the free navigation of the Columbia. As the right of free navigation is confined to two parties, one of which is the H. B. Company, and the other the power owning and exercising political sovereignty over the territory, it necessarily follows that when the H. B. Company ceases to exist, then the right of free navigation reverts exclusively to the Ameri- can Government. Subsequently to 1859, on the expiration of its present charter, itis clear the Hudson Bay Com- pany could have no rights of navigating an Ame- rican river, through American territory, for the reason that no such company would or could then be in existence except by an act of British legislation. The question then arises, which we apprehend to be the great point, is it competent to British legislation to give perpetual existence, and universal commercial rights to a British cor- poration upon American territory? Can British legislation give, or do, any thing upon American soilt Or rather, is it net null and void, guoad Amencan territory? We apprehend that it must be null and void. Therefore, as the Hudson Bay Company can have no existence, much less, rights of navigating an American river, without an act of British legislation, so also it can have no such rights by virtue of British legisiation. Had it been the intention of the treaty to eonfer any of these post mortem rights, it should onrefully, and in due legal form and technicality have specified “ to the Hud- ton Bay Company, its heirs and suceessors,” etc. But the language of the treaty is “ to the Hudson Bay Company, and to all British subjects trading with the same.” Now the Hudson Bay Compa- ny is limited in every way ; it is limited in num- bers, for they are all registered by name ; limited to hunting and trading, without owning a rod of ‘erritory in fes, and without any agrioultural powers or privileges. This, and such, is the Hud- son Bay Company named in the treaty. But ‘what may it not be under new eharter from the British Pasligment! Parliament may make | cessible, very large, and contains, in the mid- | tion of about five thousand Indians, and between | abound with the choicest of fish. The Ame- | there erecta military post. raland manufacturing powers—and in short it may erect the Company into a colony, or even in- to a political state and give it independence. | And still, and forever, would it be the same Hudson Bay Company, and. entitled by vir- tue of the treaty to the right of navigating the Columbia river forever. Now, we say that the difference between these two companies 98 above stated—the one as it now is, and the other as it may be under anew charter—is so great that it is incredible the treaty should leave itan open ques- tion, to which of the two it gives the free naviga- tion of the Columbia. The treaty says, “to all British subjects trading with the H. B. Co.” But if the company can “wring itself in,” and claim the free navigation under a new charter, what is to prevent them from establishing their “British” | agents at every trading post on the footsteol, and } thus completely evading the prima facie restric- tion of the rights of navigation ‘to the H. B. Co. | and to British subjects trading with the same %” | Why, the treaty itself, in all its solemn formality, | would be little short otone stupendous fraud, and | its negotiators a set of land jockeys, and the | treaty a precious bit of chieranery by which, n- | der cover of a double entendre, the United States | have been most scientifically and diplomatically | Jeremy Diddled out of their just and exclusive rights. And observe that all this perpetuity and exten- | sion of rights upon American territory are given, | granted, and conferred solely by act of British | Parliament. For the H. B. Co. is not nowa | perpetual body corporate by virtue of power to | elect and fill its own vacancivs ad infinitum with | an unlimited charter. In 1859 it dies by limita- tion, and becomes de facto and de jure a nullity. And we must, therefore, take the ground that, as regards American territory, British Parliamentcan | give the company nothing at all which it either | has not now inherently, or which is not given to | it by the treaty. But it has not now the inherent power of perpetual self-existence, nor does the treaty give it any such power. It is, therefore, probably clear that the naviga- tion of the Columbia is exclusively ours after 1859. Who can deny this? 3 The Bay of San Francisco—Is it to be our’s 1 ‘The California Expedition. On the outside of to-day’s paper will be found } asplendid engraving of the magnificent harbor of San Francisco, situated in 38 degrees of lati- tude, on the Pacific coast, Upper California. ‘The buildings seen in the cut compose the castillo, | or fort, with the house ofthe commandant ameng them. The harbor of San Francisco is unquestionably one of the finest in the whole world. The en- trance is so very narrow that it would require but little to render it entirely impregnable; and its towering cliffs, on each side, might be so fortified asto bid defiance to any earthly foe, however | powerful. It is almost entirely land-locked, and could be, if necessary, shut in from the ocean, resembling more an inland lake than an ocean harbor. Notwithstanding this, it is perfectly ac- channel, from forty to forty-five fathoms of wa- ter, while the soundings throughout are very deep. The navies of the whole world could ride at anchor there with perfect ease. There are five missionary establishments loca- ted on the sides of the bay, containing a popula- two and three hundred whites. There are about forty thousand domesticated cattle here, exclu- sive of horses, sheep and mules. Game is plen- tiful in the vicinity, and the rivers and creeks rican antelope and elk, and great quanti- ties of deer, are found upon the northern side of the bay, affording ample subsistence to those who live by hunting. The elk is hunted for its tallow, which 1s preferred to that | of bullocks. The soil is remarkably rich, and | probably for wheat there is none better in the | world. In one instance, twelve bushels of wheat, were sowed, which yielded a crop of | eighteen hundred bushels; and the following year, from the grain which fell at the time of the | harvest, over a thousand bushels were reaped ; | and in the succeeding year three hundred. The | average production of wheat is a hundred fane- | gas for every one sowed. The heavy dews | prising manager promises to exert the most unwoaried things remain in this way, would be ridiculous which fall at night in the vicinity of San Francisco | obviate the necessity of irrigation, which is prac- | tised in other portions of California. The climate is mild, and the islands and neighboring country abound in the most excellent timber. In addition to the agricultural advantages, and its depth and safety as a harbor, the location of San Francisco for commerce and mercantili business is probably the best on the whole Pacific coast. Eastof it isthe United States, containing &® population of twenty millions of enterprising, | industrious people ; und west of it is the broad Pacific, filled with its innumerable islands, whore inhabitants are fast becoming civilized; and farther still is China, the Iedies, and all Asia. From the east, a railroad through the South Pass to San Francisco has already been spoken of, and is by no means impracticable; and to the west the whole of the rich Asiatic commerce is open. | The Sandwich Islands are at a sailing distance of about 3,000 miles, and China about 9,000, from San Francisco. What, then, is to prevent this har- | bor from being the depot of all the trade and com- merce between Asia and America, and, indeed, Europe, if it passes into the hands of our enter- prising nation? The advantages of it are too great for pen to desoribe. A faint glimpse of them can only be caught ina moment of partial enthusiasm, when the thought of our great and growing country fills oar minds, It must be plainly perceptible that the possession of this | harbor wouid be to its possessors an advantage | which the feeble word of man cannot describe, and which only the pen of time can exhibit in its fulne: This point is at present nominally in the pos- session of Mexico, although its inhabitants, and that of the neighboring districts, are, in fact, un- der a government of their own, or rather, of no | government at all. Its distance from the Mexican | seat of Government, and the weak vacillating state of that Government, render the idea of its | long continuing in their possession absurd in the | extreme. They have no power to hold it. By divine right it belengs not to them. The Great | | Creator, when He rolled up the mountains and | gan, spread out the prairies—when He made the “sea and the land,”—intended that His best and choic- | est spots should be for those who would use them for the purpose of scattering His rich blessings | over the whole world, to every nation and peo- ple. Mexico cannot do this. In its possession San Francisco harbor will remain, as it is now, | @ mere missionary station, and an occasional an- | chorage for ships. | Our Goveinment is about sending a military | expedition to Upper California, under the com- mand of Col. Jonathan D. Stevenson, an enter- prising man, and one who will oarry out the in- tentions of the Government. In all probability they will, we think, proceed to San Francisco, as the most valuable.point in Upper California, and Atthe close of the Mexican war, if California comes into our pos- session, as the terms of any treaty of peace would todemand, the men composing the expedition will be disbanded, and in all probability, will re- | main there, If this is the case, in afew years the American enterprise and energy will have wrought a great change in that section of country. It will be peopled with American citizens, Com- munication with the remainder of the United | States will become easy by moans of a great rail- its | road, and its branches. The beautiful harbor of | Brass Bend ‘Cuba they class the English and American toge- | prevalent at Azua when the brig Louisa left, | put to route. The Susan,while lying at that place, | no little conjecturing, during the day. rot | catering Publisher—and ought to have an extensive | was remarkable for sound scholarship, and an intellect of carry our productions to every part of the world, and return foreign productions to us in an easy manner. Our commerce will spread—our prin- ciples will spread—and one more step will have | been taken in constituting us what Providence | | designed we should be, the greatest nation on | the face of the earth. | Now look at the engraving. | InrerEstINc From CuBa.—By the. Catherine, Capt. Scott, we have received the following intel- ligence, which we consider rather interesting. The Sobrano, 74, was at Cumberland Harbor, | and the steamer Congress and two war schooners | at St. Jago,supposed to be under the orders of the | Governor at St. Jago, for fear of some outbreak | among the troops, symptoms of which had shown | themselves in the Eastern part of the island.— | Four soldiers had been shot for insubordination. | The house of Casamajor had failed for over a | million of money. The impositions of the Gov- | ernment had very much increased—a new exac- | tion of seventeen dollars per head on all foreigners, | had caused much dissatisfaction amongst them. The French Consul at St. Jago had protested, and threatened the interference of his Government. The American and other Consulshad also taken somessteps in relation to it. The difficulties and expense of passing goods through the Custom House were very | much increased. The greedy set of officers had been doubled. They exerted their ingenuity to invent causes for fines and forfeitures, from which it had become almost impossible to escape. The unfair tonnage regulations have been rein- | forced against American vessels, which they no | longer allowed to be remeasured, because thereby they found a difference of 80 or 40 per ct. against them. This is in part ewing to our ridiculous law of measurement for tonnage: for example, a moderately sharp vessel of 1000 barrels capacity will measure about 112 Spanish tons—register about 90 tons English, and 125 American; but in | ther, and on both demand twenty-three per-cent. additional, to make them equal to Spanish—the unfairness of which is evident. According to all accounts from our correspond- ents. the state of affairs in Cuba is getting worse and worse, and cannot much longer be borne; it would seem that only a ‘park is wanting to set on fire a revolution, which sooner or later will render that siempre fel island independent of her rapacious mother. ‘Will this independence be followed by annexa- tion? As the natives say, Quien sabe? From Hayti—A report that a battle had taken place between the Haytians and Dominicans, was about the 6th inst., and that several of the Domi- nicans were taken prisoners, and the whole party was robbed of her medicine chest, papers, and money to the amount of $2,368. The papers were found several days after, buried near a tree, by one of the crew. Capt. Cornell, her former master, remained sick at Azua. From Havana.—The Spanish war schooner Habanero, eight days from Havana, arrived yes- terday, with despatches to the Spanish consul, residing in this city. It was reported that Santa Anna and General Almonte were passengers in her, which caused considerable excitement, and | The General, at the last accounts, was still at Havana. ‘Theatrical and Musical. Bowery Tneatax.—This evening the mansger pre- sents to the public a most attractive bill of performances. In addition to the grand spectacle of the ‘Yew Tree Ruins,” which has called out the admiration of thousands | during the successive nights of its performance, the won- | derful equestrian spectacle of ‘‘ Ivanhoe” will be revived, with most nt new spropersies, and with th whole si of the effectivecompany Mr. Neafie will appear as Ivanhoe, and Mrs. Phillips as Rebecca. | The inimitable Hadaway will, as usual, delight the audi- | ence with his comicalities. The famous horse, Black | Ranger, will be seen in some most daring feats, amongst | others, ascei from the stage to the roof of the theatre. | Let all goto witness these performances, if they would | not regret their loss afterwards. | Gaxeswich Turatne.—This elegant and cool theatre | has been re-opened once more, under the management of | Mr. Freer. Several new actors, of considerable repute- | tion, have been added to the former stock, and the wxter- | diligence in the production of sterling dramas. The of the upper part of the city should manifest their wublic spirit by sustaining this establishment. A new | mestic play, said to be of great interest, entitled “Our House at Home,” is to be presented to-night, to- gether with the vaudeville of “An Object of Interest,” | | and the drama of “Industry and Union.” There is also to | be some excellent dancing by Amanda Homer and Mr. Goodwin. We trust that to-night will be an auspi opeving of a new season. Castix Ganper.—Where can more pleasure be found, | a summer's night, than at Castle Garden? Every cne | ho secks ‘Samingled enjoyment, should go there tuis vening. Concent at Matamonas.—The Matameras Flag say: that a concert was given there on the 80th ult. by Mas- ter St. Luke, but was not so well attended as expected. The Mexican ladies could not be induced to come until they had ascertained how the affsir was to be conducted; for this purpose several Mexican gentlemen were in attendance, who seemed highly pleased with the entire performance. Welch, Mann and Delavan’s circus will be in Colum. bns, Ohio, on the Ith and 12th of August. | Yankee Hill was in Norfolk on the 24th inst. i New Puabitcations. RLL's Bcroot Geoonarny axp ATLas- Miron Thom obtained for, this val ook. the country, are the be: sof ; but, in this 2d @ yn, the author has availed himself of the facts obtai in the last census, has marked the various changes by reunions, annexations, or secessions in the Political world ; 80 in the geographi- cal and statistical tables, valuable additions fe been together rendering the geography and atlas in- | accuracy and simplicity to none in the United ind the enterprise of the author and compiler will be rewarded by seeing its alread: ‘tensive circulation @ patro: ssotion o1 in our schools and seminaries rapidly increased. The denefits of M’Culloch’s Gazetteer, Wilke's Natrative,and Fremont’s Tour, are well seen in the improvement and remodelment of the present edition. | —By J. Fenimore Cooper, 2 vol: t, New York —This is announced by | hor as the last of the Little Page Maduscripts, and | ‘we are rejoiced that it ie #0. Nothing can be more tire- some than long protracted arguments on a subject which | | every body has already come to a conclusionabout. Tis also very bad taste to embody arguments on such a sub- ject in a work of fiction. The utile cum duici plan is all very well, when it is not carried too far. Mr. Cooper has spread this landlord and tenant question over three wer! whereas one would have been suffi to exhaust both the subject and t ers. Mr. Cooper can write a good sets about it, and when he confine: tion. But it is another matter alt |S ae are concerned We ho; gitimate scope. THornar! stot Lbrey, », compri t is got up in the usual excellent le of that ry Lire oy Sumner L. Farnrieirv—By Jat s Fairfield, New York. This is a sketch of the life man, who some hyp ag To the work are added several of his poems, which display considerable ability. Srconp Reront or tHe Prison Association of New Yonx.—This is a compilation contajuing a great deal of important information on the subjects it embraces. Mahe, bees or pean menue Grammar. jurphy, Baltimore—E. Dunigan, ton street, York.—This is a cheap editign of this standard school- book. It requires no commendation. New Yorn Dissector ror Juty—H. H. Sherwood, M. D., New York.—This is the organ of the medical in- novators, and as such will command attention. Sanvi Pi Paimen—Mark H, Newman, 199 Broadway, New York.—An excellent school book. Covompiay Magazine for August—The number be- fore as contains papers by Tuckerman, Butler, Inman, West, Faony Forrester, &c. &e. It ia an excellent num- r. Ite embellishments consist of a mezzotint en- raving of the“ Fall of Ril ” by Sartain, and a | | Flogend of Chelsea Hospital by Ormsby. | Gonrr’s Lany’s Boox for August.—The present num. | contains ber of this popular & continuation of | | Poe’ Poe’s New York Li in bi , and varions ether papers of | ——$______ eget City Intelligence. Minita! were wrongly informed, threugh the | Brooklyn Star, that Bodworth’s Band would | accompany the City Guards of Brooklyn to Boston. | Such is not the case, as Lothian’s uw: accom, them. Wi cheerfully mene | im. We mi understand thet they” intend ptain with the Quaker and the negro, to the office of ielchlefer elas’ Hom feanepee eee exertions to and saw the toes of a body. He then found the arm He Ww white, with asmall black figure upon it aw also, his explorations. it is really appalling to contemplate. Wit ply of Croton water, it is to be wondered, that by sheer | | the insurance about $1,800. | street, and was badly Rk boa Jas. Di , Quebec: Moore, Va.; R. Jon nings, Mississippi; R. Wilson, do.; Dr. Klapp, Philad.; C. Dawson, 5 T. Lewis, Mvereaiou: ‘The excitable portion of New a eclipse the Mary " e ‘and many other ries of this mysterious city. On \ ree ae 8 $100 bank bill, paymer tfor a the south-west of Broadway apd White street, | Wrong, procured the aid of wflceminaaad the boy stands a house has stood the blasts of many w: + | was to the station house boy, on being ques- ters, and the suns of many summers. Years | tie ne per et t manna be became in ee ago it was @Mrs.Menn. After she vacated | Kelly & Weeks; brokers, 45 Wall street, to clean out the it, gentleman Anderson took it, and it has since ofice, and on Saturday’ mo his father set him to been occupied a8 a house where sporting gentlemen | Work sweeping. one ee Ang) up, thle 109 could easily get rid-of their superfluous change. There is a store undernesth, which has, until lately, been oc- | cupied by Mr. Van Benschoten as a respectable grocery store. An air of mystery has for a long time hung about this house. itious servant girls have tremDling- ly told of pale shadows passing in and out, and many have supposed the old house haunted. So much for the house. Now for the characters who figured in the myste- _ ry. Ameccentrie genius named Lorin E. Barnes, who for- | medium ofe Cl suit.and has had the m stored in the | by Mr. Van Benschoten, at the | and Broadway, in the house of | It seems that a negro, a pretty | nin the employ of Barnes, and was | g about five o'clock sleeping in the time Mr. Barnes came in,and after t ‘d sarerene to the store, Coe ae been chasing a game coc! ng send Sees in endeavors to encape he ivy. He req ie et it for him’ ‘The negro dil so, yy com ope ms. The |, but the air being eo foul the light tinguished. Lighted papers were | they also went out. The negro now | down himself, and taking hold ofthe self into the sink. He had no sooner he said to Barnes, “‘ how bad it smells | thing more here than people think for. lead body.” The negro now commenced J his foot, and stirred round some ap; bject—which he swore was a dead body. | ‘saw it also, and after getting the fowl up | irted for the street to findsome other wit- @ first person they encountered was a venera- gentleman, who went in with them. They the body, and he saw it also Not knowing sent down to the fifth ward station of the district thought hest to go | that after the strange smell, he looked caretiglly ani It fell again and sunk into the filth. | the breasts, and described the dress as being The head he ; but the flesh seemed to be entirely gone from it. | in all these statements the negro was corroborated by | Barnes and the venerable Quaker, both of whom saw tha | same. The Quaker in particuler, was positive that he sawabody. Under these ci:cumstances, the chief was | fora moment in a dilemma, but that quick perception | which he pcssessos, soon came to his ail. By this time, | the story had been somewhat noijsed about, and unless | everything was conducted very carefully, ten theusand ple would be gathered around the house in half an | ur. The chief prepared for this, and with a strong | Posse of officers, proceeded tothe spot Arrived there | the boards of the privy floor were torn up, and the chief | taking a slat froma grape arbor in the yard,commenced | fter striking the surface, he fou that the pole would not descend more than three inch: | but struck upon some hard substance. This he took fer | abeam, but searching still further, found it the same all | 7 ‘he negro was then lowered again by arope, and | walked all over, a thick crust being formed about three | inches below the surface. No body. or anything like it, could be found. The = had been left unwatched for | ‘an hour or two, while the parties were at the collce | office. The crust however, appeared to present an insur- | mountable obstacle to the sinking of the body, as de- scribed by the negro; and other parts of his story did not | ‘seem to agree with facts as they appeared the: | After searching for some time and finding nothing, chief and his men left, although a watch was kept there all day and last night. What to make of this affair, wedo not know. The fact of the negro’s statements being cor- | roborated by others, and particularly by the Quaker gen- tleman, renders the affair somewhat remarkable. More facts may yet be developed in relation to it. | Common Councit—Summer Recess.—Both Boards, it is understood, will meet this evening, previous to their | taking the usual summer recess ; while the deplorable | condition of the streets—the shameful abuses, nuisances, | it up. even rowdyism and recklessness on the part of many fre- quenters of the dens of iniquity, with which the city is infested, stare us, even in midsummer, in the face. In relation to the neglect of the authorities, as to the clean- | sing and purification of the sewers and gutters, there isa | a = eral outburst of public indignation ; and the | leploral vonsequences which this neglect threatens, | our vast sup- | and obstinate neglect, the most populous and leading | thoroughfares oe such a scene of filth and nuisance as to make the “filth of New York city ” » sort of pro- | verb with our more fortunate neighbors. Why all this? It is universally conceded, that New York possesses facilities for ol iness and berg, egy of public health, which no other city in the Unien can pretend to. | Pectherty surrounded with the ‘busy waters” of her | beautiful Hudson, with periodicsl visitations from the “broad Atlantic ”—with a soil naturally porous, and by very means susceptible of such improvements as tend to promote the health and comfort of its inhabitants— ‘et, with these and manifold advantages, the disgrace- ful want of m in the management of our city affairs | —the reckl neglect—the mockery of all laws and city ordinance: tury behind some of the country villages, as regards of our laws The Convention will ae also talk of adjourning over to Septembe: robably will do nothing. We have heard it sug; a meeting of citi: ark, for the pu ject the lives of the community from pestilence which the filth, decayed Garbage, lirty streets ind stagnant pools, would seem to hold in terrorem over us. To talk of erecting baths for the public, while We, sincerely trust that a public meeting will be called, to | devise some means to protect us from f@er and pesti- lence. Sr Gronoe’s Cuuncn.—Yesterday mot the son of the Rev. Rector, lately ordained a 5 Aacign bre] hisfe- ther in reading of the Lessons, &c. His voice was plea- sant, and manner very prepossessing. The Doctor reached & truly evangelical discourse, from St Paul’s | Epistles to Titus, 9 Ch and part of the 10th verse, Adorn the doctrine of God our Saviour in all ach The Rev. her remarked, that to honor his divine Master is highest privilege granted to a believer.— ‘The religion of the gospel lays the same duties of piety, | justice and sobriety upon all. He urged this priaciple ‘a8 applicable to all societies of men—it can rule th throue or dignily the crown, as well as 0 lowest stations in life. He observed that the general aim and scope of Chi ty is, by the mercy of God, to offer saivation to Tho Saviour’s mission was the re- nversion of sinners. It is den ption of man and to lead them to God, ha niness, The exh re: them who have been redeemed by the blood of Christ ; to such Lourged with great force this duty of always honoris: ¢ , and adorning the doctrine of God their Saviour in all things. He further pointed out the ani obligations of a restored and converted an. of rinciples is, it must be born again; and without this, no oridi- church—no waters of baptism, can ly bring salvation. The promises of the goepel ‘were held up ar d urged as a powerful incentive to sep2- rate from this w >1]d, which lieth under th il one, and forgetful of God ‘The people of Christ must sepe: rate the woild—must not be conformed to it. The Rev. preacher closed this admirable discourse in his usual impressive 1 anner, urging upon his hearers submission, with mee ness to their trials and sufferings | in this life, with resign and contented temper | It Never Rains, ko. The fine clipper sloop Citizen, Capt. Waters with a party of ycung gentlemen from this | city, during the heavy rain of Tuesday hight, and part | of the following morning, caught fifieen thousand fish of various descriptions, weighing from 4 ounces up te to ten pounds. itis difficult to say which came the fast. est—the rain or the fish. Fine.—A fire took place between five and six o’clock on Saturday evening, at saw mill of James G. Du- bois, 22 Bethune street, Washington. The entire building and contents wi stroyed. It was also oc- cupied + Mr. Woodbury jock factory and machine shop, and by Mr. Freeman mustard factory. The workmen were obliged to “7 without their tools; and one man was severely injured by jumping out of the window. The fire originated in the furnace. The whole loss was between seven and eight thousand dollars, and | | Ron oven.—A boy was run over on Saturda: evening, | in Bleecker street, by & cab. He lived at 74 Carmine | injured. | Conoxen’s Orrice.—Found Drowned.—The Coroner | held an inquest yesterday in West 17th street, on the | body of am unknown man—who was found floating in | the North River, foot of 19th street ; he appeared to be about 40 years of age. Verdict accordingly Movements of Travellers. we The arrivals yesterday were very numerous, inclu more travellers from the South than we had : portunity of searon. Amenican—Mr, Nelson, South Carolin Gates, Charleston; R. McArmand, U. 8. Nav; Scott, Vay A. Roberts, N. O.; J. F. Conie, Walter, Charleston; Co! |, do.? J. Dingle, Tomlinson, do.; R. do.; R. Tompkins, Capt. Patton, U.S. A.; Mr. Prince, N. J. stor—J. Dannelo, Baltimore; W. Winter, Louisian: A. Sampego, do.; C. Lyons, do.; A. Holmeed, Baltim Mr. Whittaker, N. C.; G. Florida; R. Norfi .; R. Schenck, Ohio; Mr. Nelson, Cooperstown ;,J. Wisman, Worcester; Geo. Benedict, - Peck, N. 0.; R. Norris, Phila: be Allen, Loui iad; J Mi eat ee ter, Ky.; J. Chambers, N. 0.; Lieut. Howe. Bi je Women, do; 2 e ¢. ritish Navy; A. Poullain, Georgia; R. Leslie, | City.—H Browne, St. Augustine; R Ford, N. 0; Mr. Martin, y iy Potter, Jamaica; W. Williams, Vi R. Downell, N. C.; jurke, U. 8. N.; P. pt. Luce, ship J. Dennis, do.; Mr. Hyde, do.; W. Philad. Faasxtiy—J. Marselleis, Charleston; T. Britton, Pittsfteld; W. Thomas, Albany; L. Nicoles, lilinois; A- Darling, Vax; F. Airey, Obio'd. Frye: aieine; & Muldon, Mobile; J. Cameron, Ohio; W. Long, N. 0.; T. Driver, Indiana; H. Baird, Philad. Howaro—Mr. Hanson, Philad.; D. Hackett; Boston; T. Gould, do ; C. Hawks, Northampton; J. Whitecomb, 1; G. Dit do; J. Wyman, Worcester; Dr. iatthows, Itimore; C. Van Ren- rida; J. ;_W. Simmons, Can- C.; T. Robinson, % ton; S. Henning, Mese.; W. W. Riley, 8 jweeney, Wi q Maloney, Chicages 0. Ook | of age, in delicate heal | has the countenance and head of an arch vil 5 a finding iton the foor. Mr. Weeks he could identify the money, but this’ he wes unable to do, nor had he missed any te his know! However, the accused was locked up by Justice D: for exam- ination. Stealing a Gun.—A fellow called Richard’ Dean was arrested yesterday, charged with s a valued at $9, the property of Mr. Joseph Rose, 80 Catherine st. Locked up for trial. Arrests on Suspicion.—Daniel Cunningham and- Bill Sweel were both arrested last night, having been caught Mee policeman of the 11th ward, in the act of extering various dwelling houses, evidently with intent to steal. Locked up. Malicious Mischief.—Four fellows, called Jas. Wood, Jacob Wood, Matthias Cannon and William Hallock, were all pulled” by a 6th ward policeman, ona charge of cutting the whole of the inside of a cab to pieces, va- lued at $15. Itappears that these chaps engaged acab of George Hart, residing at 169 Delancey street, to take them from Bleecker street to the Five Points, and uj arriving on the ground they refused to pay for their ride. fh , upon looking into his cab, discovered the above outrage, when he at once rocured the arrest of the accused parties, who were all locked up for trial, by Justice Drial Threatening to Stab.—A man by the name of John James, waa arrested on Saturday by a Policeman - Li ‘ard, 6th Wi charged with attempting to stab Joh 9th destination, rufuged to pay the fare, and not being satis- fied with this arrangement drew a sword cane and vio- lently assaulted Ward, by attempting to stab him. Com- | mitted for trial Arrested en Suspicton.—A fellow called James Jen- ins, Was arrested Jast night on suspicion of stealing a piece of broadcloth, supposed to be stolen—for which an owner is wanted. Apply at the lower police office. | Porice Osvice.—.An Actor in Trouble—Henry Dele | rue, whom almost every body in New York knows or | has known, as an admirable imitator of the most distin- | guished actors, and who has performed in all parts of the | country, was brought up to th ‘ombs hefore Justice | Drinker yesterday morning, c found drank. Upon hearing the c that he had been suppii e and going hi in Paner a “corkscrew manner,” as he expressed it, was taken by a watchman, who took | him to the station house, for which he was much obliged, | as he was rather short of funds. After this statement, a | dialogue something like the following ensued between | Justice Drinker and Delarue - Justice —Well! what shall we do with you? Detanvs—(Throwing himself into an attitude.) —Be | merciful my Lord— | “The quality of mercy is not strained, “But Somes like the gentle dew from heaven— “ It blesseth him that gives and him that doth receive.” | Justicx.—This is not the place for acting—this court, not a theatre, Detarve.—" All the world’s a stage, and all the | men — Justice.—This won't do. We cannot allow— Decanve —What shall I do, “my Lord”? If you'll it me off this time, I'll sign the temperance:pledge— | some aqua vite 7” Well, | will discharge you on that condition. ‘Will you sign it here ” Devarve’—"'No, I'll go to Croton Hall and sign it. 1’ll | go right ofI'll go right off—and get a brandy | smasher.” ‘ And off started r Delarue—a man whose mind is | well stored with classic gems—a wonderful man in his | ways but one whose love of rum has been his ruin. tkemen’s Rows.—There were twoor three firemen’s rows in the streets on Saturday night, when the ines | were called out bya false alarm. We hope our gallant firemen do not desire the memorable notoriety to which Philadelphia has attained by her firemen’s rows. Naval Intelligence. | The following is an extract of a letter from an | officer on board the U. 4. frigate United States, | bound to the coast of Africa, dated | At Sea, June 16, 1846—Lat. 87, 56 N. Weare about to speak a vessel homewerd bound, and [ have just a moment in whieh to say | we are all well. far our passage has been ve- | ry fair, and the old ship sails better than ever. | We will not touch at Madeira, as was fist an- | ticipated, but proceed direct to the Cape de Verd | Islands, thonlll the wind continue favorable; if not, we will touch at Teneriffe, from whence I shall write you. le Maramoras, July.5, 1846. The Gallant Captain Hawkins—Incidents of his Life, &c. §c. Captain E. S$, Hawkins, 7th Infantry, who suc- ceeded Major Brown in the command of the fort opposite Matamoras, leit head quarters some weeks since on a recruiting expedition to Boston. He is a most gallant fellow, I assure you; and rather than have surrendered that fort, he would | have ‘permitted himself to be blown up in it. | He was not the man to be impressed with the ne- | cessity of a surrender on account of humanity ; | his notion was rather to ask that favor of the Mexicans ; had they ventnred near soe pro- | bably he would have done so, but they took good care to keep ata respectful distance from tlre em- brasures. If you should chance to encounter him, he is worthy of a good hearty shake of the hand. But, before you get this, he will have passed through New York city; he will not et through it, though,without receiving the usual ospitality ef your notable metropolis. _ Some eight years BRO, the gallant captain was united to a very amiable young lady, (a blue-eyed Mary) of the Wilson family, near timore ; an excellent good partner she has proved to him. They had one little boy whom the captain was very proud of, and whom notwithstanding all his care, added tothe care of his lady, he unfortu- nately lost,m consequence of an accident, while at a station in Alabama. The servant upset the carniege in which it was taking an airing; its head was injured, and after lingerizg some time, the interestng babe made adie of it, much to the regretof the parents. The captain was a good dea! dashed by the loss, and for months after- wards was fond of bringing him to mind on all occasions. The bustle of a soldier’s life, how- ever, is not calculated to allow us long to remem- | ber privuie troubles. As so popne ones, why here we are, ready at the word of command, to put them to —— with the bayonet or sword. | We expect to move up very shortly in a lump, to seek »nother skirmish with these dreadful hu- mane Mexicanoes ; in fact, 1 am given to under- | stand, the order is out for the 7th to march right | oifto Reynosa. That's it. It is far bett-r to be onthe move than idly bivouacking in the streets of the cities of these latitudes. | Wehad a glorious 4th. If we come across the forces of General Paredes, I assure you, good old | General Rough and Ready, is ready to be rough. Brunswick, Mains, July 23, 1846. Horrible Outrage—Arrest of the Guilty Wretch— Lynch Law Threatened. A horrible outrage was perpetrated here on the 19th inst. by a man named Ire Martin, of Bath. The young lady on whom the outrage was com- mitted, was the daughter of a respectable farmer, who resides one mile from this village. She had resided in the village for some time past, and been unwell. On Sunday last she had so far re- covered as to undertake, about noon, to visit her | father’s house. When within about a quarter of a mile of her home, while passing through al piece of wood, she was met by two men dak were riding in achaise. One of them (Martin,) | immediately jumped out, and after making in- sulting proposals to her, which she indignantly retused, he seized her and forcibly carried her into the woods, where he committed the outrage, detaining her more than hour, his companion in the mean time remaining in the chaise. After he left his victim he procesded to alow rum tavern, where he boasted of what he had done, and to a his boast exhibited his under garment as roof, . The unfortunate youn | lady was only 16 years ith at the time, and isa Martin in, though since his residence in Bath he has insinua- ted himself. so far into the graces of the Odd a and Leb nan as to be admitted a mem- ber of each order. The wretch was arrested yesterday, and an ex- amination had before A. C. Robbins, Esq., L. P. Merril, Esq., appeared on the part of the State, and Mr. Sawyer, of Bath, for the defendant. He was bound over in the sum of $1500, and was committed for want of bail ‘The virtuous character of the injured party,and the respeetability of the wife and connections of the accused, and the aggravated nature of the of- fence, created a strong sensation. The fact that young Indies are not safe walking our streets from the hands of the lawless nop ag eg and beast- ly scoundrels, was a startling fact,that made many a father and brother warm advocates of a speedy administration of Lynch law ina peculiar man- ner, very beautiful, virtuous, and 88 Maire Sen. election of Jame: not cuunted, as roo! The at excitoment in the Legislature, and it le | the thoughts be conveyed | are, necessarily, too short. Scutnectapy, July 24, 1846. Commencement at Union College—Incidents, §c. Having attended the exercises at this college during the three days past, we send you an ac- count which may be found interesting. Schenectady has not much to boast of in itself, but the scenery around it is very fine. The land- ‘SeRPS Seen froni onBof the college windows is un- surpassed. The college stands on a hill, and com- mands an extended prospect. The exercises commenced on Sabbath evening by an address ‘before the theological society, by the Rev. Wm. B: Sprague, D. D., of Albany. His subject was “The Importance of Theological Study.” We understand that his address was just such an one as could have been expected from one whose writings are so eminently distin- Ruishad for beauty of expression and vigor of thought. On Tuesday, we listened to an address deliver- ed before the Phi Beta Kappa, by A. W. Brad- ford, of New York: His subject apany The So- cial Principles first Promulgated at Declara- tion of Independence,” and seemed to be a dis- cussion of the ideal government best fitted for a free people. The address was well written, but Was not characterized by either vigor or original- ity of shomeh, . The audience were disappointed in not hav- ing the tro which was to have been delivered by Dr. 1. K. Mitchel, of Philadelphia. He was detained at home by sickness in his tamily, The usual address before the literary societies was delivered in the evening, by Rev. Join Todd, 2D. D. It was a practical address to the under- graduates, well and strongly written. It was lis- tened to with deep interest by the audience, and its lively wit and practical common sense will not soon be forgotten. We wish we had room to ‘ive an exten sketch of this but our mits forbid. We can merely give a few he; ofthe topics with which he occupied the evening. The first was “ that students should not under- take too much in college.” The prescribed st:- dies were abundandy sufficient to employ and discipline the mind; and the time spent in pursu- ingextra studies, was spent in vain, often worse than vain. ‘‘The object of a fee 7 oourse isnotto rebel against the laws of college, and elude the vigilance of professors, nor to avoid » Ner to warte time and energy over the trashy literature of the day.” The object af study wis to form, rather than inform the mind. The classics, and particularly mathematics, were strongly commended. The power of eloquence is particularly demanded b; the spirit of the age. ‘e want not only the words that burn, but most of all, the thoughts that breathe. Let the mind be imbued with the spirit of the subject, and let in * iron-ter Saxon,” and the man'will be eloquent—eloquent to instruct, to convince, to persuade. We want hard study to accomplish this. ** To succeed, weneed two thi a moral vharacter which shall demand and hold respect; and a continued and felt connexion of the present with the future world. We must see things in the light of eterni- For encouragement, God is ever nigh, to counsel and assist. We are sorry to dismiss this address with s0 meagre a sketch; but we mustdo so. We hepe it will be published. The exercises of commencement day were held on Wednesday. They were not character- ised by any striking qual , but were, in tho main, highly creditable to young, —— who took partin them. We do not think thatthe exercises are arranged in the best manner pos- sible. There are too many speeches, and they of five minutes long, and. give it either speech of five minutes , and give it either beauty or force. Still fower’ can" suffi ciently e1 in the subject, to give that power tethe delivery which the occasion demands. It seemed to us that there was a constant hurry to get one man on the platform, and another off, as if theo: Object was to exhibit as lai a number as possible in a prescribed time. ‘ither there should be a smi number of speakers, or there should be two ions in the commencement. The exercises were commenced by prayer, by the President, Dr. Nott ; _ which the Latin salutatory was delivered by P. W. Veeder. This was followed by an oration on ‘‘ The Policy of European Despots.” The oration was well writ- ten, and delivered in a forcible, manty style of mea Gian that showed a familiar acquaintance with public speaking. Following this were, “ Our pn oe our best Days,” J. F. Jenkins; “The itical Re- former,” R. Ursine; an ** Italian Oration,” B. B. Hart; ‘‘Our Government,” D. C. Printess. We were well pleased with this oration. The er appeared not to be afraid to encounter prevadice in the treatment of his subject; he spoke of our Bead ig in as a great and glorious roment, ut as having in it the elements of oppression, and, therefore, of destruction. We eduired its manly spirit. Next in order, came ‘ A French C. N. Waldron ; * Criticism,” A. J. Perry; “ Habit opposed to Human Pr. ” J. F. Cary ; *Ger- J.B. Tibbitts. This oration, we think, was the best of the day. It was full of thoughts, fine voice and graceful action ‘made it ost all we could wish in a Commencement speech. finely written, and well and forcibly delivered’ This was followed by “ Desire of Reputation,” 8. a Destroyer and Restorer,” W.H. Smith; “Im- mortality of Truth,” H. R. Piersow, which con- instance hich sparkle on the beaded top of immortality ;” “ The, Universal” R. A. South World is Governed’ too much,” 38. L. ming ; “The World is Governed too muck,” G. McAuley. ges of considerable wit. Next in order came “ Our Country,” D. R. Biglow ; “ Soeial Improve- ‘Wentworth—we won't say much about the senti- ments of this speech. The speaker talked off the and he himself a Hebrew of the Hebrews. We think he must have spoken indistinctly. for we of Literature,” H.F. Perry; “The Politieal Press,” W. A Whitlock ; ** Section»! Preindice,” J. T. Tuis was beautifully written, finely illustrated and well spoken. ‘ The Emerald Isle” was delivered terested the audience, A. Dickson. he “ Poem,” W. H. Rick, was fair. ‘ The 5” W. speaker. : Our communication is already too\long, or we The singing by the choir was great Credit io the talented leader, meg We left the house gratified at the exhibition of the talents and acquirements of the gentlemen be but just to cav, that we did ample justice to the excellent collation prepared for juates by Oration,” J. Rankine ; “‘ Last Hours of Pericles,” man Oration,” J. W. Nott; “Voice of Nature,” clothed in beautiful | 6. ers “Love of the Beautiful,” H. B. Silliman, was M. Ingalls ; “Greek Puem,” H. H. Perry ; “Time tained 8 worthy of Professer Matfit—for wick ; «Minstrelsy,” R. J. ldwin; “ The This piece was well got up, and had some presa- ment,” W. Bench; “ ew Oration,” J. T. jaw-breaking words as if GF were old friends, could not understand a word. “ Tne Immortality Hoffman ; ‘ Ideal Presence,” J. W. E. Stebbins with energy by a speaker whose a) ‘ance in- Brooks, was turned into ® valedictory by the would have notic:d several speakers more fly; who had performed their parts so well. It would the Faculty—these comforts to the inner man are | always good on such occasions, Rocursrer, July 24, 1846. Prospects of Harvest, Fruit, §c.—Money Marlet— Fuilures— Military Visiters and Preparation— Tron Steamer Jefferson—-New Propellors, §c. §c. The past week has been unusually favorable for wheat harvesting, and farmers in this vicinity fre improving the time. As far as my own 6b- servation extends, and from what I can learn of others more experienced in agricultural pursuits, mother earth promises an over-usual pay to the husbandman. Apricots and apples have made their appearance in our market, though not in Any quantities, but with a fair prospect of a large yield, Within the last few years, more attention has been paid to the introduction of desirable and better fruit into this section of country than here- tofore, tor which great credit is due to our young men; for the interest manifested in Organizing the Horticultural Society, which has thus far made several exhibitions, with a beneficial attracted the attention of all our cmsean va , The tightness of the mone market, and dull times, has caused several laiaree among our rhs ss ap ee bi beg large mer- cantile house, and which was lai engaged j the produce market, went by the board last week for a lirge ameunt. Their liabilities are all in Eastern cities, and amount (as rumor says) to nearly $200,000. A general feeling of regret is manifested by cur business men at the result, as the house has, from its operations in butter, cheese, wool, &., been the means of circulating more money among the farming community gene- — than any other house in western New York; and the failure, though not directly, will affect the bel of ie e ‘The spirited corps of military, “ Williams’ Light In vray hoe ce, the flower and beauty of ourcity a © young m if whom much oe raid on’ thele visit lost sum’ mer to Detroit, are to receive and enter- tain “ Col. Fay’s Company of Buffalo, said to be secon: the kind in the Uniied States, of Flying Artillery” to no company of on the 6th of Au- gust next, They are to encamp four day during which time they are to be under