The New York Herald Newspaper, July 22, 1846, Page 1

Vol, XU, No. 202—Whole No. 4425. NEW YORK, ARRIVAL OF THE MONSTER STEAM SHIP GREAT BRITAIN. HER MAGNIFICENT SUCCESS 48 AN OCHAN STHAMER. THREE DAYS LATER FROM EUROPE. THE MEXICAN WAR IN EUROPE. 118 EFFECT IN ENGL AFFAIRS IN FRANCE. The Policy ef the New English Ministry. PROGRESS OF REPUBLICANISM IN EUROPE. The Bnglish and French Crops. Firmness in the Cotton Market. he. ke. ke, The monster steamer, the Great Britain, Capt Hosken, arrived off Sandy Hook on Monday night, and came up to the city early yesterday morning, in fine style, showing off her beautiful Points to the admiration of every one. She left Liverpool en the 7th inst., in the even- ing, and has, therefore, made 2 remarkably quick passage across the Atlantic. To show har speed and capacity, we give the following: — Passage of the Great Britain Passed the Coburg Dock Gates at 9 o’clock in the ing, of the 7th inst , from noon on the 8th to neon on ‘9th, made 280 miles, sails set part of the time only, t! remainder of the passage wind westerly, or so light to be of no use, at times Ce from the westward. The Jast week almost continuous thick fogs obliged to sound and go slow during that time ; reached Sandy Hook at 12, midnight, of the 96th, making the passage in 13 days @ hours, rusning time, and deducting about 16 hours for stoppages, leaves 12 days 11 hours, best passage on record to New York; the Great Western’s shortest Boing 12 days 18 hours, renning time. The intelligence from London and Liverpool is of the same date—the 7th inst. The Cotton Matket was firm. The new Ministry had been sworn into office. Several of its members had beon “ threatened with opposition.” There appeared to be a growing eonfidenee in English Seeurities in the London Money Mar- ket. Mexican Bonds had declined. The packet ship Cambridge, hence, arrived a; Liverpool on the 6th inst. The packet ship Quebec, hempe, had reached Plymouth and landed her news. We read in a letter from Mague, of the 30th ul- timo :—“‘ Prinee Henry of the Netherlands set out for Flushing two days ago, where his royal bigh- ness will assume the command @f the equadron destined for the Mediterranean. This squadron is composed of the Prince d’Orange frigate, the Sambre frigate and the Juno cerwette he Ja- son frigate, the Echo bri’, and the Adder shooner are to proseed to New York, and afterwards to Mexico. The King sets out to-day to inspect the squadron, which is to sail on the Ist of July. The tee per Nassau arrived here lest night by rail- road. The Cobden testimonial, on Saturday, was £23,000. There is no doubt that the £100,000 will be raised. Lord Brougham declares his intention of op- posing the new administration to the utmost of is power. The Courrier de la Gironde, published in the claret district, amnounces thaz the vines have flowered well, and that appearances evidence a E Tonigiea ha of grapes of excellent quality.. They are likely to be ripe very early Tt is reported that the Empetors of Russia and Austria, and the King ef Prussia will meet at Vienna in the month of mber. Twenty years siece this would have been an eminous meéting, now it is of no impoztance. Henry Norman, the selfecqused murderer, has been sentenced to a year’s imprisonment with hard laber ; the sentence of seven years banish- maent was reseinded. Pel rap PS mieertir ke little — tou rati report which a on this subject ¢ our last Tpublicaticnss. bg nn all quarters of these Ki. ms, the accounts are of @ pleasing and satisfactory eharacter. Wheat Promises to be early and abundant. Oats, rye, and barley look well, and are equally encourag- ing, the former having nearly recovered from the ‘ects of the late drought, by the copious rains which have fallen hea the last week or two. As we mentioned in our last paper, there is not any further intelligence respec the failure ot the potato crop; partial failures, it is true, have taken place, but we believe we are warranted in asserting-that there is just reasen to expect, dur- img the next season, a plentiful supply of this most valuable and necessary escalent.— Liverpool Times, July 7. Iron Trape.—During the past and the present month the iron trade has been very firm in Staf- ferdshire, and prices have remained nearly the ee ~ the: mee i ren eee is a shade lower; but r bars, at sl in; rts,ma: be considered as the lowest rive. 74 Naote has been a reduction of 8s. to 4s. onthe puce of ss pig, large sales have been effe ® 67s. «mixed numbers. On the 29th wtf. 30,000 tons of railway bars at £9 10s, and 9,000 tons of chains at £7, were sold by three Staffordshire houses to a railway company in their vicinity. Swedish iren and steel continue dull; some sales of the former article were made in June. i mingham correspondent writes to us as follow: When the ation railway meetings were eommenced, we considered that, from the num- ber of projects affirmed, and other circumstances # further advance of prices of iron wae likely to take place at the ironmasters’ quarterly meeting, to be held at Walsall on Tuesday, July 7. This prediction is about tote realised. A preliminary meeting of the South Staffordshire masters has just been held, at which it was resolved not onl: to maintain present prices, but to propose an ted vanoe of about a pound a ton on the maximum rates. This resolution has not been unanimously adopted, and there is some reason to believe that the meeting on Tuesday may feel disposed rather to adopt a medium advance of about5s. a ton. Since the settlement of the Oregen question, and with a prospect of the American tariff being mo- dified, extensive orders are expected; but those best acquainted with theiron trade in the States do not calculate much in this quarter. The chief cause of the demand is in the tact that the stocks on hand are extremely short, and that there is now a enin'y that the demand for railway iron for the’ it two years, at least, consitierstty ex- ceed the means ofsupply—Liverpool ‘I imes,July 7. _ Amenican Burrer.—Among the late importa- tion. of articles of food which have taken place from America, two importations of butter may be especially mentioned; one in the Great Britain steamship of 206 packages, the produce of the States; aud the other by tue Rory U’More, from EE ap 127 packages, the produce of Ca- nada. Tne Harvesr tx France.—A great many flelds of barley have been already cut down fa the en- virons of Paris. The crop is not heavy in the r, and the straw is very short, as was to be ex- pected from the long drought, but the quantity of grain appears to be ‘equal to what is ealled an avernge crop. The late rains have had so bene- ficial an effect upon the artificial grasses that they were in full flower, and quite ready for the scythe. It is very rare for the seeond crop to be fit for mowing 90 early in my If the weather should be favorable the third erop will be fit to gut in August, WEDNESDAY MORNING, JULY 22, 1846. Price Two Cents, THE MONSTER STEAMSHIP GREAT BRITAIN. IN HBR NEW RIG OF FIVE MASTS. | Belgium, | __In the Secret Committee, on the 30th ult., the | Minister for Foreign Affairs gave a detailed his- | tory of the negotiations carried on at several tinaes with the French cabinet, to improve the com- mercial relations between two countries. After stating the various incidents of the n | tions, in particular relative to the Customs Union, | the minister communicated a voluminous corres- | pondence between himself and the Belgian nego- tiators at Paris, relating ee ed, to the preli- minaries of the convention of the 18:h of Decem- ber. As tor the question of the customs, pears trom the explanation given by the mi: that the last auempt was far back as 1842, when one of the French ministers (M. Humann) | drew up the outlines of a treaty which the Belgien | negotiators at that time did not think acceptable, | beeause it contained gonditions which seemed in- compatible with the nationality and constitution | of Belgian. Thus, in every thing relative to le- gislation on the customs, and on treaties to be .| concluded, Belgium was to give up its right in fa- | vcr of the French Chamber and government. Portugas The news from Portugal is still alarming. To the Miguelite pronwnciamentos of Monte Alegre and Villareal, and the reactionary attempts at Oporto, must be added the Cabralist rising in Braguuza, which occurred precisely at the mo- ment when the Algarves declared in favor of the present government. The Absolutists of Chaves ave been completely routed, Spain. We have received the Madrid journals of the 27:h of June, but like those of the few preceding days, they contain litte of interest The Gazette ublishes an order for the division of the kingdom into 349 electoral districts, preparatory to the next elections, the preliminary operations of which, it is said, are to be terminated by the 15th of Octo- ber. No farther accounts had been received from Portugal. Russia. News has been received from the interior, of a tremendous hurricane along the banks of the ——= prt Wolga, which org between 100,000 and ‘The New English Ministry. THE CABINET, Ki ~~ Lord of the Treasury. Lord J. Russell. rs Shancellor...... «Lord Cottenham. President of the Council. -Marquis of Lansdowne ray Seal. -Earl of Minto. Secr. for the Ho1 ir George Grey. Secr. fer the Forei Chan. of the D of Lancs Paymaster General. . ‘Woods and Porests. . Pestmaster-General....... . Mr. Macaulay ‘Viscount Morpe Marquis Clanricarde. Board of Trade rl of Clarendon. Board of ( ol . . Sir John Hobhouse. Chief S« Mr. Labouchere. ary for Ireland. Adw Earl of Auckla Be Hon. Fox Mau L of Besborough Ce Duke of Wellington M larquis of Anglesey. Me 4, Hon. RL. Sheil cr G. H. Ward, Lord Advocate........... Clerk to the Board of Ordnance. ‘Sur. to the Board of Ordnance nder Seeretary for Ireland . nder Sec. Colonial Department. . Mr. Hawes. - THE MOUSEMOLD. Master of the Horse..... «Duke of Norfolk. ‘Duchess of Sutherland. The Policy of the New Ministry. Gertiemen :—The administration of Sir Robert Peel having been dissolved, her poy doe s been pleased to eonfer upon me the office of First Lord of the Treasury; my seat in Parliament has, therefore, become vacant, and is 7. at your disposal. ben you did me the honor to ask me to represent you, 1 consented to become a candidate, not merely or Chiefly because the distinction of repreeentirg the City of London was a just object of ambition, but because I wished to obtain for the principles of commercial free- dorithough ional cted t 7 all jority, and was y @ very sm: ity, the elections of 1841 were Adverse to my heoees pa fa vorable to the doctrines of protection, every year.that has since elapsed has witnessed some relaxation of ro- striction, and some advance towards the establishment of the principle for which | contended. ally, we have this year seen Sir Robert Peel pro- pose and carry a ure for a total repeal of the duties upon foreigncorn. _ You may be assured that I shull not desert, in office, the principles to ‘which [ adhered when they’ wero | favorably received I cannot, indeed, claim the m r of having carried measures of free trad: asa Minis- ‘or of having #0 prepared the public mind by any of mine as to convert what would have been an impracticable attempt into a certain victory. ‘To others belong those distinctions. But I have endeavored to de my part in this great work according to my mea: and convictions ; a Proposing a temperate relexa tion of the Corn-laws, afterwards, when that measure had been repeatedly rejected, by declaring in favor of total repeal, and using any influence | could exert to prevent the continuance of the struggle for an object not worth the cost of a conflict. I trust that the measures of commercial freedom which still remain to be accomplished will not occasion the re- newal of aDgTy, conflict. The government of this coun- try ought to oo ne an impartial eye, the various portions of the unity engaged in vulture, in manufactures, and in commerce. The feeling that say one of them is treated with injustice provokes ill-will, distarbs legislation, and diverts attention from many useful and necessary: social improve- mente are required ; public education is lamentobly im- perfert ; the sanatery condition of our towns and villages hae been grossly neglected ; the administration of our colonies demands the most earnest and deliberate atten- tion. Our recent discussions have laid bare the misery, the discontent, and outrages of Ireland; they are too ctearly authenticated to be denied, too extensive to be treat- e by ‘any but the most comprehensive measures. you again elect me your member, it will be my duty to consider gil these important mattesrs in cor tion with tho: her mujesty has been pleased + At uss presest mosient any ferthe jon of Al present moment any further ex ion of my a views would be unauthorieud and im have the honor to be your most faithful and a it |. Ro Grande, and it is satisfactory to find that no attempt has pen made to disguise from the peop'e of Mexico the fact they have sustained a severe defeat, and that their armies are wholly unable to = on the war with any hope of success. The blockade of Tampico, Vera Cruz, and the other Atlantic ports. appears to have been eon- ducted with due consideration to neutral interests by the American Commodore Conner, and to be supported by a sufficient force. * * * For the protection of British interests in the Gulf of Mexico the Endymion fei- gate and the Alarm have been ordered down from Ber- mula, Commodore Pring will probably be able to in- erease the squadron from Jamaica, where he hoists his pennant on the Imaum ; and the A’ sent out, we believe, this country. juadrons were both at Mazi operations on at without an: further prolongation of those risks which ate inseparable from active hostilities, Tis te "ecarmet bg dochtod aioe ceutinc See. je extreme repug- nance of the Mexican Government to come to terms wi the United States Texas, and the peRinestty role wannrthens Maelidese Saw have been kept until they have led to pe- sitive hostilities, are attributable In greet port to's vague cone set ite, differences betwen eagad and the nl ev secu: i erful diversion, if not 1B powerfal sily. “rhe intel gence of the settlement of the Oregon question, remeval of the last of those Tubjevte ot dinemeninn whic! have for so many years endangered the amicabl of the American ‘and, British will, there: fore, juce as much effect upon the present heads of the Mexican repablic. en the howaet termes by the Yankee rifles on the hanks of the We sincerely trust that the influence of ific termination of our own controversy will be ryt sae ration of peace between wexico United States; and at ths time the mediation of British agents has been offerrd with p-culiar proprirty, to complete between other States thy triumph of that policy which has been #0 evecersfully maintuined by our own go vernmi at alee the Fexan question, the ill-um- ed delay# and ridiculous scruples of the Mexican go- vernment, have invariably led to a condition of thi.gs a step worse than that which had preceded it.* From Santa Anna to Paredes, not one of the Mexican rulers has been disposed either to make the best of the past or to provide for the future. They were for ever protesting ogainst yoo and oda some “yenad mia be. od a oR Mowe Netnipenlnst a? Fess, hae teiae have created a r some considerable time at least between themseloce ond: thety "mertherenetahbens, ‘They might, by adopting an enlightened system of commer. | @iciment. = cic] policy, instead of a bigoted adherence to the worst traditions of old Spain, have established relations of fTuch magnitude and importance with the trading and mari- time powers of Europe, that: the: independence and prosperity of Mexice would have found defenders in every State on gthis side the Atlantic. But they, fused to recognize the independence of Texas ui til annexation had transterred the quarrel from a re- volted province to an ambitious nation ey have persevered in the abuses of their internal administration to such an extent, thet the allegiance of those clas who have any thing to lose or gain has been not a li affected by the consideration of the increased value and security of property when it exists under the control and protection of a regular and enlightened government ‘The land-owners of Mexico, oceupying a soil rich in the precious metals and adapted for every «pecies of culti- vation, are beggars. The church lands include one sixth ofthe whole surface of the country ; and the whole region is of far less value to its present po: than it was to that ingenious and unfortunate peop were fated to fall beneath the sword of Cortes. How- ever galling may be the superiority of the Anglo-Ame- rican race to the degenerate descendants of the Spaniard and the native Mexit and however monstrous the under which acts of violent aggression or co- ked, it is impossible to doubt that a people will falla prey to any conqueror rather than rot in the vices of its own political and social condition, until its cities are depopulated and its fields abandoned. If, therefore, it be possible that the media- tion of England sheuld be exerted with any effect, not only to restore peace at this time between the United States end Mexico, but to remove the causes of future discord and the pretexts of future aggression, it can only be by endeavoring to encourage the Mexican Cah ton to undertake, with rather more vigor and intelligence than it has yet displayed, the task of gov- erning the country. British interests, arising out of the Mexican loans secured upon the soit of some of the pro- vinces, ave directly involved in these questions ; and that security is perfoctly illusory if we are not prepared to as- sert the claims which will at no distant period accrue un- der it We do not believe that the United States’ govern- ment will be disposed to prolong so unequal a contest as that whieh has recently begun onthe Rio Grande, if Mexi- co can be brought te terms, which her interest and her political position command her to accept. For Mr. Polk’s purposes a little war is very preferable to a great onc ; and military glory on grander scale, instead of cas' eclat upon his own presidency, would rende ently prominent the claims and expectations of hi cesser As ét is, we are much mistaken if this M war does not determine the next election for the supreme magistracy of the United States in favor of a military candidate ; for in America, as well as elsewhere, the first impulse of a democracy is to throw itself at the feet of a successful soldier ; and the names of eral Taylor and Scott are already celebrated in the most heroic strains. The prosecution of the war would at ‘once impose great burdens on the federal government, which is bound to provide tho ns of carrying it on, and it would place a formidable amount of power and popularity within the grasp of the officers in command of the army. Mr. Polk has, therefore, a double interest in ting the contest by a speedy peace, If that can be i \d the sincere co-operation and influence of England will not, we are persuaded, be wanting to assist in effeeting so desirable an object, {From the London Herald, July 7] The accounts from the Uni States, one day later, by the Quebec and London line of packet-ships, are coi sidered to give an earnest that the hostilities with Mexi- co will be of brief duration It is presumed that M Polk will most re: ‘ail himself of our offer of |, the reverse which the Mexican ‘e met with at the outset on the Rio Grande, is considered likely to dispose the de fucto government to coms to terms, through the same mediam, much more readily than they would have done in the i The view entertained on Mexican affai gathered from the fact that the Active Bonds were last sold at 27, and the Deferred at 15}. The tact is, that under existing circumstances there was no expectation indulged that there would be any remittance on account of the dividends by this mail, and hence there is no per- ceptible difference in the price of the bonds. The Oregon Question. From the London Herald, July 6.] 4 The intelligence from America, which we published in the whole of our impression of Saturday, adds little to the information already inthe hands of the readers of the Herald An extract from the. New York Herald, of the 16th of June, gives us to understand that the new to be signed, and further declar tion of the Columbia is only conce- Bay Compa- If this version of the treaty be correct tantially agrees with the general impression ails on the subject iz France) the last act of the ex-Minister’s political lile was like every other during its whole tenor—characterised by a gross attempt at de- ception. Sir R. Peel, in words as plain as he could em- loy, declared that the free navigation of the Columbia Bed been conceded to England. What shall we say of the man who could make this declaration, knowing at the time that the cession in question was only during the term of the Hudson’s Bay Company’s charter, which must expire in about 17 years, and which is, by the pro- visions of the treaty, it seems, incapable of renewal?— ‘Was this adjustment of the dispute worthy of being made the subject of such glowing self-gratulation as was & Ls treaty is on its w: witnessed in parliament on this day week? Why, if we * mistal ese are the very elements of the proposal , with far more of English spirit , indignantly rejected. Had, indeed, nitleman been solely entrusted with the charge of the negociations, a different result might be reasonably expected. Mr. enham, if we may judge of his character by his conduct, would have been likely to regard his orders as lid the shade of the admiral: “OL, that in the rolling ocean Thad cast them with disdain, And obeyed my heart’s warm motion, ‘To have quelled the pride of Spain.” As the matter ds, England isin the degradin; ition of hi induced, by dint of menaces and iter, to a been thrice rejected not, which Mr. than his that ill-treated —nay, term: vhich have beem already thri thrice rejected. But the pro- it be expected from the ceedings are just what mi misereble cowardice of the late government. Mr. Polk stormed and threatened, and forced Sir R Peel into ac- cepting his terms; in like manner Mr. Cobden agitated and threatened to hold the Minister responsible, and the Minister accordingly yielded; and is now one of Mr. Cobden’s most enthusiastic admirers. Soon, no doubt, shall we hear of Mr. Polk’s irresistible appeals to reason, aad his pure and disinterested motives. z The same journal informs us that the English Minister has given a pledge that no assistance whatever shall be rendered. to Mexico, ro that England is to behold, wn- moved, the autopsy of that unhappy country. Thus the improvident bargain we have made must be bought at the price of national disgrace. We have assumed that the Now York journal is correct, but we have not yet done with the ‘matter. The blockade of Vera Uruz is proceeding, undistinguished by any remarkable incident. A large naval force is mustering in the bay, but for what purpose does not very olearly appear. Josep Mortimer, Tae Biaamist.—This infam- ous rutlian was put upon his tual at the Central Criminal Court, on the 26th ult, on two charges of bbygamy, and one of larceny, the latter consist- ing ot his fraud on and theft from Mrs. Loyer, whom he had offered to marry in tue character of a New York merchant, with ‘an income of £700 Pperannam, ‘The prisoner, who was most wdela- tigable in giving every annoyance he possibly coutd do to the Court and the witnesses in the course of the inquiry, was {ound guilty on each in- On that for larceny bh was se. tenced te seven years’ transportation. On Monday, the rutfian was further sentenced to transportation for seven years on each of the two indictments for bigamy, the one period to commence at the expi- ration of the other. As, however, the sentence for larceny will commence and expire with the first sentence for bigamy, this is equivalent to only fourteen years transportation altogether. -by intetion, and strengthened by rep Aspect of Affairs In France, [From the London Times, July 6.] Our French contemporaries have been struck in dif- ferent ways, according to their respective opinious and expectations, by the contrast between the romarkable events which have recently occurred in the political sphere of this country and the aspect of affairs in France, at the close of the present session of the C! ny on the eve ofa General election. A greater contrast seldom been exhibited, even by these two great coun: tries, between which contrast: aptto abound. In England we have seen a cons divided and dissipated by the resolution of its chi and perilous undertaking, which he lish without the loss of office, and which none, perhaps, ut himself could have accomplished at all without a serious disturbance of the institutions of the country.— In France the conservative party has been consolidated Its own exist- ence and the maintenance of the administration to which it is bound CB ofmutual advantage, are the only great facts which give it any claim to tho conside- ration of the electoral body. In England a Minister has sacriticed h yay for the sake of setting at rest a great uestion which has long agitated the country, and for the glory of inangurating in the legislation of one of the first commercial natioas of the earth, principles which had snare worked their ly of the philosopher to the hustings of the League, until their triumph was completed in the councils of the Sovereign and estates of the realm. In France, the cove- nant between the Minister and his supporters has been religiously observed ; the pledge to do nothing has been faithfully kept ; the jion has past without the smallest aggression on the prejudices of the maiority or the Jeast sacrifice of the interests of the governing class ; and ac- cordingly the Ministerial tenor of office was never more secure. In all matters notimmediately within the cogni- zance of the Chamber of Deputies or foreign to the in- terests of its members, we have often had occasion to re- mark the activity of the French Minister for Foreign Affairs But these points are, it must be confessed, com- paratively few in numberand of the most minute impor- tance; on all others the habitual policy of the French Cabinet is rather stegnant than active, rather stationary than progressive. Jts mojority in the Chamber is strong, but it is strong on condition that it never uses its strength Sor any other purpose than to crush an intemperate and inconvenient opposition. Its first object is quiescence, and as that state of repose implies security to the Minis- ters and prosperity to the country, this policy is perhaps more conducive to the chief interests of France than a more enterprizing and innovating system of government. Itis not — for us in this country, and in this age, to lace ourselves in the position of a people which has ween engaged for half a century, in the turmoil and the perils of controver: upon the first principles of their social constitation, and amongst which the absence of a revolution i, an’ inoalowlatle Pleasing: That species 01 security which we have enjoyed without the least disturbance forthe last century is not yet established in France. The irs oe institutions of the country may be excellent, but they are not old; the succession to the throne js still disputed by a Pretender, supported by a wealthy and important elass favored by the Church ; the monarchy itself is respected for the talents of the Sovereign quite as much as for the dignity of the institu- tion; and the per ence of the existing state of things is more or less within the reach of accident and the changes of life. Ina word, the constitutional basis of the country is a well constructed pier, but it ; and the fabric has yet to be tried by the may assail it, and which have shaken other structures, apparently net less strong, to their foundations. These considerations may serve teaccount for the comparative inertion of the French Government on what are to them the minor questions of the day, and the minor duties of their office. We may remark with surprise the extreme siuggishness of the progress of our neighbors in financial and commercial legislation. We may deplore the tenacity with which the worst abuses of the protective system are rooted in the Legislature. We may wonder that the Five per Cents. are reduced, the Post-office not reformed, the tariff not revised, commercial arrangements with foreign states not encouraged, and that even railroads, uatil the present year, have been advancing in France less rapidly than in Austria. But the answer of a French statesman to these objectious would probably be, that, although he does not contest the benefits of these reforms, they cannot be effected in France without risking more than even they are worth. The Conser- vative party in France exists not only for the defence of protected interests and the maintenance of a particular line of government ; its first duties—and they are not merely general preposmiane that no one contests, but specific duties to be discharged in dark and evil days—aze the defence of the throne, the dynasty, and the constitution itvelf. It is clear that if the coaser- vative party was weakened in France by a disruption or by a strong diversity of opinion between its members and its eminent leaders on questions of commercial re- form or the like, the real enemies of the government, the anarchical fattions which were raging and fighting not ten years ago, in the principal cities of France, and the party of the revolution, would be encouraged in -. portion to the loss of union between their successful ad- versaries, and would be the better prepared to take ad- vantage of the changes which time must effect inthe persons who hi ly directed the course of affairs. The real question, therefore, which now presses upon the electorsof France, which will determine their votes, and probably strengthen the conservative majorit much the veform of an abuse or the correction 0 dinate error, as the primary and imperious necessity of turning a powerful party to the Chamber, able, if nec Ty, to carry the government through the dangers of a regency. * * . « he If, therefore, we have been more active than our neighbors, it is chiefly because we are more secure ; and in proportion to the security and extent of their real power, we confidently expect that foreign governments will follow in a course which will be sanctioned ere long notonly by reason but by experience. The Progress of Republicanism in Europe. {From the Paris Sitcle.) Everywhere around us, except in immovable Austria, who still im: 8 hers in the ti when material nd diplomatic duplicity were cient to insure ts—everywhere, we say, dothe governments as he nations of Europe, show themselves animated ‘it of amelioration and pros ler the conduct of atory minister, has j reforms of immense magnitude, ‘The the old parti y which those reforms re resisted, has be: up in order that they might be accomplisned ; day following the car- rying into effect of such radical chang th mical organization of England it is not a which ap} it is unanimou: be impossible—but it is a whig ministry, that is to s reforming ministry, that takes posession of place, with the mission, proclaimed beforehand, of fortifying the work of Sir Robert Peel, and continuing it in another by emancipating unhappy Ireland frem the ty- nder which she groans , in defiance of the lamentable hesitations of her king, and the senseless resistance ot the princes of the royal family, is resolutely advancing towards the liberty which she has been promiséd, and of which she fully ap- prociates the value. After many delays, she is about to come into possession of a constitution—incomplete, im- perfect, fantastical, modelled according to the institu: tions of the middle ages, and one which would not dou. rish upon another soil: but she will maintain it in cxist- ence by animating it with her spirit There, were thought reigns almost absolutely, it will not allow itself to be thwarted long by the forms or the acts which throw obstacles in ite way. Spain, seduced for a long time past from the paths of her real prosperity by the ingrativade and incapacity of her rulers, is too proud, nevertheless, to slumber in’ sla very. Deprived of a constitution, of laws, and even of governme she is still agitating herself once more, in order to fin e guarantees of order “and liberty with- out which modern nations can no longer Italy hes proved, for the last thirty y; }, that she is always ready to soal her protests against despotism by hor noble blood ; but the goveraments of that country, in the end, seem to be weary of this impious struggle ; they are inning to eive, it is said, that it x foreigner alone who profits by the eternal discords which render this country—most magnificently ed by nature and art—an unfortunate land; they feel that, in order to escape from Austria, who is incessantly pushing towards them her subterranean invasions, end 150,000 chetwerts of flour, rye, wheat, linseed, &c., which were destined forSt. Petersburg. The loss is very great. Markets. Lonvox Moxey Manxxt, Monday Evening, July 6.— The statement of the revenue Lege this meray is regarded in the city as an excellent close to a financial administration. The items of which it consists, and which show a state of prosperity in spite of a condition of commercial stagnation and of disappointment in pro- ductiveness of one of the most important articles of re- veuuo, have been too fully commented upon by The Times to need recapitulation here. One stri ng, point deserves consideration, and that is the estimate that less than £800,000 deficiency bills will be required to meet the charge for the July dividends. The sum of £98,000. set down against the item “Sinking Fund,” will’ no doubt be partly employed in redeeming the bills The English funds continue steady and well suppor- ted, and though the extent of business done to-day was not large, it gave a good tone to the market. Console for money left off this af ernoon at 95% ex div ; and for the account, at 95%. Exchequer bills have advanced to re ‘ 1s. to 178 pm., an opinion prevailing that the new Chen the part of France, which would go to pri cellor of the Exchequer will shortly raise the rate of in- still living ; that she has not renounced all actior in- | terest. Bank Stock closed at 207 to 208; Three per Cents Sluence in the affairs of the world. We hope that the | Reduced, 95% to 96; Three-and-e-Quarier per Conts, Tie electoral body will make it a point of honor to protest | to 3; Long Annuities, 10 5-16; and India Stock, 363 to against the sort of inertness and stagnation in which our , policy has been allowed to languish. It may have been | “In'the foreign market the operations were of the usually ° mistaken in several men who will now deceive it no | circumscribed character. Mexica! , Botwithstanding the longer ; but whatever may be said by these latter, who | doubtful position in which that republic stands, has not varied in any material degree, the Actives closing this often reproach the electors for their own baseness, it is not true that the “‘ legal” country has allowed itself to | afternoon at 27, and the Deferr 15%. The other bar- inorder to prevent the danger of a liberal explosion, which would break out sooner or later, they must enter into the path of reform. Let them do so with reserve, with timidity, if they will ; but let them pause no longer —let them not allow the last hope of a generous people to be annihilated by new delays. When the very con- clave itself—that ancient senate of cunning and worn-out cardinals—has will not the King of Piod- perceive that the moment iving to their respective states the gua- by the most enlightened, and, at the st faithful men ? necessary in order to precipitate this mo ment of Europe into wise nnd necessary course, at the moment when the libe: arty is about to take posses- sion of the government of England ?—for it must not be f British rivalry be siways inconvenient to is well with Lord Palmerston as with Earl jeen—that the whig party is neverthele traditions, more favorable than the tories te th emancipation of the people. In thie novel then, what is required? We reply, a gestur: mont and the King of Nay has arrived for rantees det » 8 ‘2 be almost wholly invaded by corruption ; it is not true zilian, ¥ that the majority of the colleges is dividod between | FuNs,included Aust ie Deteerca aan: tremblers whose hearts are half paralyzed, and beggars | Peruvian, at 385 m + Cents, at 48 ex div.; of places or traffickers in votes. The generous effort | for the account, at 4744; Spanish Phree per Cents for the that the electors have thrice made to restore purity to at 35%, exdiv.; Dutch Two-ar Half per the administration of affairs, efficacy to the constitutional 60 ; and the Four per Cents, at 9434 guarantees, and dignity to our external relations, attest that the majority of them have preserved the sentiment of their duties and their respect for the rights of the country. They will, moreover, have acquired, during the four years that have just elapsed, an experience which, doubtless, will not be lost. The English Revenue. The official statement of the revenue for the quarter ending with the 5th of July, appears in our columns this day. From the returns it would appear that there is a balance of increase on the quarter of 575,5991., though for the year terminating at the same time there has been a decrease of 1,011,773/. The in- crease on the quarter is thus accounted for:— INCREASE. Livenroot Corton Manxer. July 4.—There has been an increased demand for Cotton from the trade this week, and mort the price American ; the last quotations for most other descriptions have been fully supported. Taken on speculation 8,260 American, and for export 2,050 American and 450 Surat, and there have been forwarded into the country unsold 2320 American, 160 Egyptian, and 350 Surat. 3000 Sea Island are declared for public sale on Friday next. July 6th.—A very firm and steady Cotton Market to- day ; the sales are fully 7000 bales, at very extreme prices—1000 of them for speculation and export. Loxpox Corx Excnanae, July 6—This morning's supply of wheat by land carriage samples, from the near counties, being moderate, was sold tolerably freely at the terms of A fair retail business wes in fine foreign at our quotations, but stale and iow gael, ties could not be disposed of, excepting at a decline of 1s. per quarter. Barley and peas are unaltered in value from last Monday. Beans must be written 1s. dearer. The oat trade is flat, fine qualities command former prices —but hot and inferigr are the turn cheaper. Flour weets a retail inquiry at last we prices. New carraway sold at 40s, to 42s; and afew ra fine samy at 44. ‘There were several parcels of new rape seed; but up to the present no price has been made. Liverroot Corn Market, Monday, July 6.—The im- port this week shows small supplies of British » - £23,843 44,677 sence eee e 182,997 Gross Increase. ......... From this must be deducted :— Decrease. Stamps. ...... + £106,581 Flour and Oatmeal. ‘The receipts of Flour and Wheat Crown Lands. ++ 80,000 from abroad, including those from Canada, are again ve- dase ry liberal, and we have also upwards of 8000 qrs. of Indian Corn. With more favorable weather for the growing crops, holders of Wheat have shown xome desire to press sales and being met by a very mo- derate demand, a reduction of 34 to 4d_per bushel on Tuesday's prices has been acceded to. The principal bu- siness has been in American flour, of which a large quan- tity within the week has been moved forthe interior con- sumption: the prices have been for prime W. Canal 268 6d to 278; Philadelphia, 258; Ohio, 248 6d, to 26s; and Ca nadian, 258 to 26s per 196 ibs—all aweet. Oats have been much neglected, and, though in small supply, have been rather easier to buy, Oatmeal, too, has sold slowly, but And in addition to what is called ordi- nary reven account of repay- mont of advanc + 70,747 —207 828 £575,599 Net increase on the quarter. .. . On th whole, as far as figures are concerned, and putting the ‘circumstances and the morale of the income tax out of the question, it must be ad- mitted the late ministry quits the department of its labors, not_oaly wtth credit, but with eclat. Its performances may be thus stated: Previous to the corn and customs bills just enacted it had remitted more than rted val » five millions of taxes, imposing instead thereof an income | feed, ‘woup duality has supported late value, | Barley. tax to about the same amount. Had there been no impreve- | rather given way in value. Indian corn has further de- ment in the national prosperity, it is evident that these | clined Is to 2s per quarter, with a very limi edsale. Du- two changes would have neutralized one anothor, and | tiey haye been paid here, since the ‘of the new that the revenue would have remained the same, as also | corn Jaw to the 2d ipstant’ inclusil its relation to an expenditure which has not undergone | Wheat, 696,168 bris Mf flour, 1563, i qv any considerable change. Happily, however, there has f rf r 13 Deana great incrouse. of national prosperity.” An annu. | DeFley, 9444 qrs of beans, 1807 qre of peas, and 18/006 qre al deficiency of about two millions has been changed into @ surpids of about thet amount; and if things go upterircrionat, Oonvasrion.—Me. Somsk: poe on as at present, we shall, in two or three years, sented a memorial on the subject of the Erie ca- have at least the choice of dispensing with : {he income tox, ‘or retaining ‘it, in beder So ‘pro. | nal, the unfinished works, the rates of toll, the payment toed with’ the’ mitigation of the indirect takes | of the public works, &c. Referred. On motion of Mr. Stetson, all intervening orders were laid on the table, The comparison of the yeara ending July 5, 1845 and 1846, will of corse present diferent teults fYocn 8 oom and the article on the Executive powers and duties was parison of the quarters ending at those dates. Both the eae Cae euncone — hog Peper soot = nk re- Saairace come padar Ihe Sam tails Of 1600 5 wharene the | tor reto prescribe the restrictions aad’ Rasttations & nding July 6, 1845, includes three quarters ante- Zedent to the operation of that turiff. Inthe customs, | which pardons might be granted by the Executive. The according! jecrease on the year is £2,119,583, while | Vote was reconsidered, ayes 42, noes 40. The amend- ment was debated anew and at length, under the A ous question, rejected, ayes 38, noes 55. On m of Mr. W. Taylor, the was amended so as to that the legislature might prescribe the manner ly~ ing for pardons. Also, on motion of Mr. Tallmadge, the word “ the” was inserted before the words “ power te grant ES ves,” be be a the section ¥ ad |. The 6th section also, witheut amendment. , juslifications there is an increase on the quarter amounting to £23,843. Without the items before us, it is vain to say withany exactness why the increase on the quarter should be so much, or why it should not be more. The former year, it should be remembered, includes a much larger payment for corn than the latter; while the latter quarter of the two has been helped within these few days by more than £400,000 paid on the vast accumulation of corn just let out of bond. On the other hand, the latter quarter has | O’Conor moved to strike out the qi fer Lieut. been affected by the resolution of the Commons, antici- even ator a ag nap eg to 61, and the patory of the new customs bill. The reductions under Gatien wal the suldest Of some wd ‘The — that bill are estimated at rather more than a million — ‘The lossto tl juarter, therefore, would be £260,000; but the revenue of the quarter has also been affected by the uncertainty which stil remained till the actual pass ing of the customs bill. Of course, there would not be fo fe an importation as ctherwise, so long as bonds for a possible repayment of duty were required. The increase in th ise on @ comparison of the two quarters is £139,027. As the excise is the surest gang of consumption, this iy the most gratifying feature in the statement. The comparison, too, is not much disturbed by accidental circumstances. Both quarters are under the same rate of duties. The Pow increase, there- affords a fair guarantee for an annual increase amounting to more than £600,000, The stamps were last year raised to an unusual amount by the excessive spec- ulation of that period. This will account for the de- crease on the quarter just ended, amounting to £106 541. The variatiens of the income tax are a mystery which wo will not pretend to explore. It will be enough. therefore, to state the fact that this quarter has been more productive than the corresponding quarter last year, by £99,171. We have thena Deus ex machind in the shape of another, unhappily the last instalment from China, to the amount of £ . This it is which has principally turned the tables, and given us an increase, when the usual revenue threatened a decrease on the quarter.—London Time \ Tue Conn Trape Unver tue New Law.—The ra- tion of the new corn law has, thus far, not juced any material effect upon pricés, although, in anticipation of a rise in the duty, a large quantity—indeed the bulk—of the stock of foreign grain in bond has been released during the past week. ‘The millers generally have been out of stock, which has contributed to create a pressure of demand, and to sustain prices When this [peed is over and the demand bocomes less urgent, it is probable that we shall see @ further decline from present prices, unless we shoul’ have weather unpropitious to the grow: ing crops. Considerable difficulty has been created at the Customhouses by a difference amongst the authorities as to the construction of apertion cf the act. The word- ing of this portion is, that on rye, pens and beans, for every quarter a duty equal in amount to the duty paya- ble on a quarter barley shall be charged. It was inter preted at our own custom house amongst others, that the roposing to mi it s0 as to ibit the Gov- py Peer Clcktecest Governor from holding any office, "by virtue of his office,” in any sight ha and not to divest him of other trusts he to his election. Mr. M.’s amendment, ir debate, was lost. Mr. Chatfield moved to amend so as to allow the Gover norto hold a BF nt! in corporations. Carried. W. Taylor moved to strike out the whole clause forbid private ding the Governor holding any office in a ration. Carried, 47 tested, at some i to 43. The entire section wes con Mr. Richmond moving to strike it ted the section by a tie vote, The tenth sect n, giving the Geversor power ting the veto power, was the subjeet of debate Py residue of ura on & motion by , to restore the inciple. P. M.—Albany “argu; toby te! 4P. M. In the afternoon, the section in power, was debated at great length. restoration, on motion of Mr. Nicholas, of the old tutional provision, requiring two-thirds of those to overrule a veto, e_ vote on this ition stood 62 to 85. On the countet proposition of Mr. Chatfield, require a majority of all elected to upset a veto, the vote stood, 25 to 74. The article havi pees ane through with was Jaid aside. Adjourned. ibany Argus. Common Pleas. Before Judge Ulshoeffer. Jui jane Haily va. aoe re "ig ge action of assumpsit, for wo: h claimed is $298 50. ‘The plaintiff entered the service of defendant on the Sth September, 1545, as @ Pa 1846. being a period of 199 days, at $1.50 per day. The defence sek ap wes thet the plant! s cooper, and continued with him until the sth was a brother-in-law | ; that he was taken in by the defendant sail Nand"wae f0 ot wothing ‘but his | pian with te arguments yester- intent of the legislature was, that to rye, peas beans the scale of duties applicable to barley should be used, U. B. District Court. but duty should be regulated by the averege price of escl Tndge Dette rti rately. is interpret mn of pip an ue day poe wanda thee The Court opene immediately after adjourned. Qs. per quarter, and that sum was received a | Court Calendar=This " pool Custam-house, with « security howerer for the | Caan Punass-Now 298 1,7 18,14, 16,216, 78 80 payment of any Li iter amount whi ged. 100 inclusive. The duty on barley is 3s. 6d ; and the rence, there- a fies tt 61. Fhe Customs’ authorities, contrary to | Senious Arrnay in Boston—A row took place moral expectation of the trade, Neretbe ae Ohne | Cn Rie beg ‘tne iol eeallie oe t literally, and or . 6d. da wording of the act li M 'Yy b ae ae by to be enforced, —Liverpool Standard, July 7. I