The New York Herald Newspaper, January 24, 1846, Page 2

EW YORK HERALD. New York, S ay, January 24, 1846, Weekly Herald. The Weekly Herald will be published at 8 o'clock this morning. It will contain, among other matter, the important intelligence from Europe, received by the steamer. The Mexican News—Trouble on Troubie. The inghly important news trom Mexico, which we give in another column, giving an account of the progress of the new revolution in that unhappy country, is only of acharacter to whet the appetite for more. When will there be an end to revolutions in Mex- ico? No one can tell—norcan it be told how our relations with Mexico may come out. At present, every movement of our government, looking to the restoration of peace—the eettlement of boundaries wequisition of Calitoraia—is hid in mystery and night. Many believe—and we hope the belief | may prove correct—that Paredes, at the head of | Mexico, will give her government stability and d will be more favorable to the United | nan that ef Herrera’s, We wait for the denouement | In the meantime, while these doubts hang over the affairs of Mexico, it seems that a combined | Frenoi and Spanish fleet is concentrating at Ha- | vane, for the purpose of trying to reconquer Mexico | for the Spanish government, and to re-establish mo- | narchy in that ill-fated land. All these are rumors | and speculations, and may tura out mere visions.— | Nothing is certain, but that Mexico is going through | @ new revolution, and that the United States, inclu- ding the President and Congress, have their hands fuli of Oregon, of Mexico, of England, of Califor- | nia, of law and of President making. | These are stirring times—but where we will all land a year hence, is doubtiul and contingent.— Save the pieces, however. Look out for breakers. Post Master Morgis anv THE PiLors.—Post | Master Morris, or the ‘Paper Snatcher,” as his | new friends in Wall street called him a few years ago, has got himself into a pretty pickle with the | pilots of this city. The famous letter which he gave as a sort of certificate to the Wall street journals, intending it to be used as evidence against the honesty and integrity of the New York pilots who | brought the recent news to this city, exhibits to the community the weakness, jmbecility, and igno- rance of that public functionary, in his own official duties, which calls tor the attention of the Presi- dent and the Post Master General. The ridiculous blunders, contradictions and mystifications, which | that paper contains, have been set in the broadest light, by the honest and straightforward letters and affidavits put forth by the pilots, under the sacred- ness of their oath. By these affidavits and ingenuous statements, it appears that the packages of papers belonging to the | Wall street journala, were duly deposited in the Post office, and were found next morn’ng; and yet Post Master Morris, alias the “Paper Snatcher,” knows so little ef the affairs of the Post Office as to involve himself in a certificate full of contradictions, mystification, aud ignorance. And yet, to the poli- tical, influence and the unwavering democratic | principles of the pilots and their friends, is Post- | Master Morris, alias the “Paper Snatcher,” indebt- | ed forthe place he holds, and the emoluments he pockets, and the opportunity he has had to stultify himself before the community, and his superiors at Washington, in relation to the affairs of his own office. The time has come when the atrocious persecu- tion visited on the New York pilots, will be return- ed on those who commenced it; and they will be made to writhe with ten-fold bitterness, and be | compelled to swallow the bitter draught, drop by | drop, tillthey are gorged to their heart’s content. The pilots of this city, with their friends, agd those who syinpathize with them, can bring to the polls nearly three thousand votes. On a former occasion, John McKeon, who received their Support, and was sent to Congress partly by their influence, took occasion to neglect their interest, and forget those who made him what he was, and in a chort time John McKeon, as a public man, wae no more. So willit be with any public man; and | we now state boldly, that the time has come when vome of the whiffling democrats—suck whifflers as Post Master Morris, alias the ‘‘ Paper Snatcher,” will learn the true estimation in which their conduct isheld. Bat for the intelligence, the assiduity, and the knowledge possessed by # certain portion of the old clerks in the Post Office, that establishment is in a worse-position than it ever was, in consequence of the utter ignorance and imbecility of the present acumbent, who was called the “Paper Snatcher” by his new friends in Wail street, who but lately point- ed their fingers at him with scorn. Of all men, recreants ought to have the best me mories and the most accurate views. MonicrraL Arrarrs.—What is the Corporation about? What are the people about? Are they ready to take steps to effect a change in the munici pal government this spring? The present Corpora tion, good easy souls, are quietly feeding themselves at the public crib, and endeavoring, under the shape of contracts, to gouge as much of the money of the people as possible, and to shave and save as much as they can before they are turned out next spring. As to the good city of New York, it seems to go on of itself, with the aid of the newspaper press, which 19 at present the only moral and efficient govern- ment we have. We may be able to get through this winter with it, unt next spring, when we mean to have a better Corporation. The rapacity, mercenary purposes, extravagance, and waste of the present Common Council, are greater than they have ever been under any party, andcan only be paralleled by the like qualities in the dominant party in the Legislature at Albany. Mutitia Laws.—We certainly think thatthe time has come for the Legislature to pay attention to the repeated ealls of their constituents, in regard to the militia laws. The evil has been going on for years, and the complaints have been both loud and deep. The system, as managed at present, is nothing but a mockery, and its only effect is to bring all militix training into bad repute, and annoy and worry our citizens, and take them away from their business and families, in attending courts martial. Every year, during (he militia training season, the city of NewS York exhibits a scene of demoralization which, if the tramers of the law had foreseen, they never would have enacted it. It is not the time lost in training that is so much complained of, but those that offend are obliged to irequent taverns night after night, to state their excuses, in order to save being fined, and perhaps taken to prison. We hope the Legislature will recollect that it was to attend to the voice ot their constituents they were elected: Famity Quarrgvs.—The democratic party is get- ting to be more untortunate, and its difficulties are increasing every day. A great quarrel is breaking out, of great violence, in Albany and New York The other day, thejBosworth cligue published a very severe jeu d’esprit, in the shape of a fancy public dinner given at Albany, in which Silas Wright was cut up in a very severe manner. This was brought out by the secret circular en in their organ, and the war 1s carried on with great force on both sides, both here and in Albany. All this fuss is brought about by jealousy after the spoils, Between the two rivals, perhaps honest people will get their own before the year isout. The whigs are also in the same predic- ament. The;Courier & Enquirer, with'the Express. are pitted against the Tribune and Albany Jowrnal, on the Oregon, abolition and other important ques- ion. Good luck to them Packer Suir Swerran.—This beautiful vessel wader the command of Capt. Cornish, will leave thie port for Liverpool on the 2th inst , England’s Premier—forced HIGHLY IMPORTANT FROM EUROPE. ARRIVAL OF THE STEAMSHIP HIBERNIA, AT BOSTON. TWENTY DAYS LATER. Restoration of Sir Robert Peel to the Ministry. Arrival out of the President’s Message. ITs EFFECT IN EUROPE, Failure to form a Whig Ministry. PROBABLE REPEAL OF THE CORN LAWS. PACIFIC TuE MARKETS. &e. §e. Fe. INTELLIGENCE. The long looked for steamer, the Hibernia, has at | last arrived. She sailed from Liverpool on the 4th | instant, and arrived at Boston early yesterday morn- | ing. | The intelligence is of a very important character. It appears tu be pacific, and favorable to the Uni- ted States. Lord John Russell utterly failed to form a minis- try, and Sir Robert Peel had to return to power.— Annexed is a list of the new cabinet :— Sir Robert Peel, First Lord of the Treasury. Sir J. RK. G. Graham, Secretary of State for the | Home Department. Lord Lyndhurst, Lord Chancellor. | The Duke of Buccleugh, Lord President of the | Council. | The Duke of Wellington, Commande-in-Chief. | The Earl of Aberdeen, Secretary for Foreign At- | fairs. The Earl of Haddington, Lord Privy Seal. The Earlof Ripon, President of the Board of Control. The Right Hon. H. Goulbourn, Chancellor of the Exchequer. _ | Lord Granville Somerset, Chancellor of the Du- | tal Lancaster. . Sarl Lincoln, First Commissioner of Land Re- | venue. The Right Hon. Sidney Herbert, Secretary at ar. ee following are the new members of the Ca- inet :— ee Earl of Dalhousie, President of the Board ot rade. The Earl of Ellenborough, First Lord of the Ad- | miralty. The Earl of St. Germans, Postmaster-General. Ga Right Hon. W, Gladstone, Secretary for the olonies. The President’s message had reached England, and the effect it produced on the press there was somewhat remarkable. In Paris it had not the ef- | fect anticipated. We make several extracts. It appears that fear of the indiscretion of Lord Palmerston caused thadisruption in the whig ranks. There has been a slight improvement in cotton. The London money market closed firmly on the 3d inst. The quotations for consols were 943 to 943, being heavy. Bank stock is 203 to 204; and Exchequer bills are 26s. to 283 premium. The Railway shares are quiet. Lord Metcalte has considerably improved since his return to England, from Canada. The French Chambers opened on the 26th ult. The Spanish Cortes is also opened. CommerctaL Arratrs.—The past year has been one of extraordinary vicissitudes, in its commer- cial not less than in its social and political phases. It opened auspiciously. There was plenty of tood, employment was abundant, capital abounded, confi- | dence prevailed, and the machinery of society worked harmonious and beautiful. The cotton trade, during the year, has experieuc- ed the mutations to which we allude—the instabili ty to which all things sublunary are subject. There was excellent business doing in the great staple in | the earlier months ; the price, it not high or jope- ful, was unitorm ; and the large consnmption, with the encouraging feeling abroad, was a guarantee against further depression in price. At this period, and for some time after, the consumption was great- er than at any former time in our commercial histo- | ty. The public prosperity was so buoyant that capi- talists sought out new fields of investment ; and the railway mania sprung up witha fierceness which has never had a parai-el, and, it isto be hoped, will are again find imitation. The elements gave the alarm. They drenched the fields with supervuous mois- | ture; and the confidence which existed gave way on | M the slightest appearance of danger. Alarm succeed- ed— a panic followed—and, beginning with the stage of the Share market, it ultimately reached on him reluctant resign- ation, and tor a time reduced the executive machin- ery toa dead lock. The history of the price of food and the varying appearances of physical nature, | trom the begining of the past to the commencement of the present year, iain fact, the history of the Cotton trade. So true is it, that commerce and manufactures depend upon the sesgons, but with an | ever-changing climate like ours, however puerie, to | defend upon a congency. RatLxoad TO OrEGON.—Preliminary negotia ions are on foot for the purpose of constructing a great central line of railway to connect the cities of Fiat. fax and Quebec, in British North America, with the view to its ultimate extension, in the laps of years, to the mouth of the Columbia, in the Oregon terri- ory, and the following specific ef bonuases or ad- vantages, in addition to the usual general privileges of achartered or inc rporated com ny are inclu- ded in the heads of a draft, act or charter of incor- poration by the respective Legislatures of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, or Can: lst—A free grant foreve: a. the unlocared Crown | Lands in th eral Provin the Railway aslo met tt Tail ve 1 jong ilway, as shall be required for ‘uction of the work. ty 2d—A pre-emptive right to the promoters and share- holders to become the purchasers, at each station on the line, of blocks of land, of not less in extent than 20,000 acres each, at a minimum price per acre, the purchase money to be paid in te: the first shall blec! ire attached. ‘A pledge from the P-oviacial Gevernments that in the event of the returns on the capital invested in the construction of the werks, and inthe operations of the | Company, during the first five years from the opening of the entire line, not realizing to the shareholders £6 per cent on their money, the said Provincial Governments collectively shall, fer five years, make up such deficien- cy, so as that anannual dividend of £5 per cent, durin the period specified, may be secured by all holding Mock in the company. Tur OrxGox Question.—The committee of the London Peace Society have memorialized Sir R. Peel in favor of settling this question by peaceful rather than by other means, whatever provocation the British government may receive to ado like tone and policy. They earnestly deprecate war between the two nations, and urge the proprie- ty of settling the dispute by arbitration. Commercia Treaty neTween NaPLes AND THE Unirep Stares.—A treaty of commerce, it is said, | was signed on Deeember 31, at Naples, with the United States. The American cotton, it is said, is notto pay more than ten dneats entrance duty, in place of twenty, so that is placed on the same fbot- ing as that of the East Indies or Egypt. The wines ot Naples and Sicily are to be admitted into the union on paying the same duties as the wines of other nations, The Ministerial and Corn Law Crisis, (From the Lives il Times, Jan. 4.) Tur Ministrn.—Sir Robert Peel’s ministry, shat- tered by internal divisions, and broken down—was out of office—at an end—numbered with the past. Lord John determined to a: the post of firet minister of the crown, and the Tesponsibility of gov- erning the country. The cabinet, in all its eseential features, was a re-hash of the Melbourne ministry. Tt was on the immediate und unconditional | repeal of the corn laws; the | Stauag theanelees leaders could not agree all was chaos once more. It subsequently tran: pired that Lord Grey hed | caused the hitch, by refusing to join the cabinet if | Lord Palmerston held the seals‘of the torei | fice, and the whig papers were savage with his ship for keeping in the dark his fee late foreign secretary, until he could effectual W Lord Palmerston’s exclusion from the Foreign | office, by a Government of which Lord John Rus- sell was the head, could not have been calculated i les or vont} words tl ‘ttike hima most | | the most extraordinary move in this drama of Ca mar! | lar proof of the hold which one powerful mind has | | spective of other causes, the | owners are making e| | att \ every city, every separate suaporter in the | ore of involveda censure of the noble lord’s policy while he held the office, and wou'd have been regarded as a public condemnation of one of the ablest statesmen that the whigs have, in | their ranks. Nevertheless, considering that Lord Palmerston, betore he left office, did embroil him- | self, and was nearly embroiling his country with France—considering, too, that his resumption of | power, at the present moment, would, in the nature of things, have rendered the settlement of our diffi- culties with the United States more perplexed and uncertain—we may, under all the circumstances, | rejoice that we have been spared the infliction. When Lord John Russell threw up his carda, there was no alternative but to send for Peel; and net making ie, that he felt as little apparent hesita- tion in resuming his old office, as he evinced promptness in throwing it up. His resumption of power immediately made itself felt in every branch of trade. Confidence which had been shattered by the railway panic, became paralyzed when it was known that Peel was out; the markets fell, the funds | sunk, business was suspended, and a gloom, a mist, | hung over the commereial and trading world.— These evils are fast subsiding with the causes which called them inte existence. Upwards of ten days have elapsed since it became known that Peel was again Premier; and every day has shown improved symptoms in the produce, share, money, and other ets. This Gan srpears the more extraordinary, trom the fact that his future policy is as much a matter of speculation as the new comet—even more undefin- | ed, undeveloped. Nobody knows what Peel will do, but every one has confidence in Peel—a singu- over the sympathies and the prospects of miflions of people. The London Examiner wittily observes in feeling, ‘The beauty of reference to this eevalliig Be A hat nobody knows what the present juncture is, t Sir ert Peel is going to do, and yet every body lyr isfied that he is the man to do nobody khows what. The Cabinet resumes power with its personel hut slightly altered. Changes there have been, but they are few, and. with one exception, unimportant.— Poor Lord Wharnclifle, the President of the Coun- | cil, who died from the excitement produced by the | Hag alah of his colleagues, is tobe succeeded by the Duke of Buccleuch. “Lord Ellenborough is to be the First Lord of the Admiralty. The Earl of Had- dington is to have the office of Bry Seal, which the Duke df Buccleuch filled. But the most striking change of the whole, 1s the resignation of the Colo- nial pees, Lord Stanley, and the appoint- ment of Mr. W. E. Gladstone as his successor. This change involves too many and import ant considerations — influences too many in- terests, no} to have commanded the greatest possible attention. Lord Stanley’s career, as | Colonial Minister, the world well knows, has | beena tailure. Executive talent or application—ex- | oe for mischiet—he has none ; the office which he led was the disgrace, and might have proved, irre- | e x lestruction of Peel’s | Ministry. He has outlived the popularity which he | acquired in former days by his scorching speeches | against O'Connell; and the world, which is usually impartial in its judgment, has long sivce awarded hima position amongst the Marplots of the age. Mr. Gladstone isa man of a far higher order of mind—less showy, but more substantial in his ac- quirements ; he has raised himself by his talents alone to adignified station amongst the first men of the day. He1isa little SroteneNy peepee late retirement from the Cabinet showe but as Peel’s lieutenant—his right hand man, he will strengthen the Ministry in its new phase. | Fearing the blow which is about to be dealt Py | Sir Robert Peel to gi eae Cae the great land. | »wne forts -to get up a sickly agita- | tion in favor of the existing corn-law. Severalagri- | cultural meptings have been recently held, at which the conduct of Peel has been assailed in the bitter- est posal terms ; the vituberation which they hurl e Premier is the best evidence of their appre- | hensions, and of the gulf which now separate the Minister from his quondam supporters. Opinions of the English Press on the Presi- dent's Mes: [From the London Times, Dec. 24.] A President’s Message is seldom so much a new fact asa more authoritative confirmation of wha all the world has known long before. In England a good deal may be guessed from the general leaning ot the Minister, anda convenient usage allows the | | | | heads of a Royal speech te transpire just the eve- ning before. In the United States, the Council at which the President has determined on his an- nouncements, is one in which millions are privileg- | ed toadvise, and the whole world 15 admitted to hear. For several years every citizen is allowed,or | rather compelled, to offer the candidate the benefit | | of his experience, and demand in return a specific | pledge on every possible point of disagreement. | Lhe candidate strikes a compact with idaae ay | nion. | Thence he derives his commission, which is his | own only because he has received it, and has per- | chance been able to suggest some little of it during | his previous political life. But once elected, there | he is, the incarnation of a creed long since deter- mined and promulgated. As a popular man, as a | speculative palitician, he aay have entered into that | creed with disinterested and passionate ardor. On | the day of yis election, however, he awakes to a new existence. He is a sovereign, charged with | the most awful and endless responeibilities, the liv- | ieg source of weal or wo, the arbiter of peace or | war, with the eves of all the world upon his actions, | be they good, or be they evil, and with posterity, | waiting as it were, to enter, and pass its calm and | irreversible judgment on his name. It is no wonder | that the busy candidate for a people’s suftrages | | should pause when he eas ascended to thig height, and begin to perceive the paternal instincts and con- science of power. Even with a second term of sovereignty still to be solicited, he is compelled, In spite of himself, to be considerate, just, and hu- mane. In this, the first legislative act of his Presidency, r. Polk does nothing more than impersonate the democracy which bore him into power. The style ot his addrees is all that canbe called his own, and | that 1s usually readable, simple and clear. On such minor topics as are not to us matters of practical | discussion, or are even of a sort to call for commen- dation, the message will be read with interest, and , sometimes with pleasure. The annexation of Texas is treated as a matter ot history, and at the same time with that brevity | ot recollection in which the short-lived dictators of the Union are so tempted to indulge. Texas, no | metter how, was independent ; the States of Europe | abknowledged it. Mexico herself at last acknow- ledged it, though with an offensive and impertinent | condition, and too late to answer her purpose. The citizens, whoever, whatever or wherever they might | be, desired annexation, and, on the great principle of self-government, had a right to be governed as they liked With the same sweet oblivion of Tex- | an antiquities, the interference of Great Britain and France is treated as simply an attempt to maintain | aa against the encroachments of | t a balance of the Union. 1s asserted to be the indefeasible right and duty of the American not only to resist | European interference, but tobe utterly deat to the | suggestions of European discretion and hamanity. | ith a rather unreasonable avidity of self grata- | lation, the President claims the contradictory hon- peace and war, in the Texas triumph. accession to our territory,” he saya, ‘has been a bloodless achievement. No arm of force hos been raised to produce the result. The sword has had no part in the victory.” He cannot, however, fore- go the pleasure of relating, a few sentences after, | What efficient m:litary preparations he had made, | and how thoroughly Mexico had been hemmed in on all sides, both by land and by sea. before it could haye time to defend the disputed territory. On one point the message exhibits a sympathy with our own ministerial intentions, as marvellous as it is auspicious of international amity. The prin- ciple of protective duties, as proud t0 revenue, is clearly defined and strongly condemned; | and the Legislature is recommended to put an end to the oppressive inequalities of what is called the minimum principle retained in the tariff of 1842 — The President lays down the important maxim that taxation mee to fall as lightly as possible on the materials saries of life. Oregon 1s the subject which the almost fanaticel inierest with which it has been agitated by the States, and its consequent bearing on the peace o( the world, renders the most prominent in the ad- dress. The long and animated comments of the American press show how little disposed the citi- zens have hitherto been “‘to let off” the Presiden on this painful and delicate subject. What is actually said is neither more nor less than what a million of ; Voices have dictated, and we have long known. It need not augment the terrors of the European alar- mist, and it certainly will not change the resolves or add to the preparations of the British Cabinet. It is already resolved and prepared. Mr. Polk, after adverting to the recent negotia- tions and attempts to compromise before he came into office, informs us of what he has done towards the conclusion of this unfortunate dispute. In read- ing his simple narrative, it becomes necessary to remember that an Americen exists in a sphere of his own, and can hardly be judged by ideas of moderation decency and ‘Nonor. The Pre- sident takes great credit to himself tor having made an offer which he acknowledges tobe less than what | the British government has repeatedly declided— “In consideration, too, that under the conventions of 1818 and 1827, the citizens and subjects of the two powers held a joint occupancy of the country, | was induced to make another effort to settle this long n of- | pending controversy in the spirit of moderation | of: which had given birth to the renewed discuasion. A proposition was accordingly made, which was re- jected by the British Plenipotentiary, who without submitting any other proposition, suffered the tiation on his part to stop, expressing his trust it he United States offer what he saw fit to call ‘some further proposals for the settlement of the { | President . “This | those for | profitable employment, and the neces- | ‘uropean | Oregon question more consistent with fairness and phe and with the reasonable expectations of the Briush Government.” Fy le Saprg thus nh ge and rejected repeated the offer of the parallel o forty-nine degrees of north latitude, which had been made by two proceeding administra- tions, but without proposing to surrender to Great Britain, as they had done, the free navigation of the Columbia river. ‘The right of any foreign Power to the free navigatien of any of our ree through Se boat ot a adel was one whieh I was un- willing to concede. ; Inteabia this proposal, already twice refused the ipinke it necessary to apologize to his de- mocratic supporters. He pleads with all the humi- liation of one bound by prescriptive compliances. thot he had been obliged 1o proceed on the basis of compromise, and asks the public pardon, for that un- der this bondage he hed offerhd, what it was known by repeated trials, would notbe accepted. To make amends for this self-imposed indignity, he declares that the day of compromise 18 now over— “Had this been a new question, coming under discussion for the first time, thie proposition would not have been made. The extraordinary and wholly inadmissible demands of the British anverDE es and the rejection of the proposition ma alone to what had been done by my predecessors, and the implied obligation which their acts seemed to impose, afford satisfactory evidence that no com- romise Which the U,. Srates ought to accep’, can fe effected. With this conviction, the proposition of compromise, which had been made and rejected, was, by my direction, subsequently withdrawn, an our title to the whole Oregon territorv asserted, and as ig believed, maintained by scotia facts an arguments, The civilized world will see in these of the U. States; end this Government will be re- lieved from all responsibility which may follow the failure to settle the controversy.” N “‘all attempt at compromise prada | failed,” Mr. Polk recommends that notice should be given to terminate the joint occupation of the country; that the laws and institutions ot the Union should be ex- tenced to the American settlers in Oregon; and that military posts should be established for their protec- tion. All formidable enough, could we believe it possible that any civilized nation would readily lunge into so fatal and suicidal error as to defend by war the mere right of occupation, and the still more imaginary claim to which Mr. Polk also refers —the antecedent right of the Union to all the unset- tled and undecided territory on the North American continent. The declaration is too premature, how- ever, to be really alarming. It Tropoaee to bring | things to an immediate issue, and that immediate er course might have been more insidious and more certain. Mr. Calhoun’s policy of giving No notice, but fpearast the undoubted right of joint occupancy to the utmost, could hardly fail, in the course of ten years, to result in a repetition ef the game of Texas, or rather of the original Declaratiou of Independ- ence. Oregod, should the American population ever attain a substantial preponderance, would not long remain a British colony; but occupancy, though numbers, not arms. native of war, or conclusive negotiation. War is too monstrous te be thought of fora moment, except after every effort at a compromise has been exhaust- ed. Britain and America must be too sensible of their mutual benefits, mutual dependence and mu- tual respect, to perit the substantial blessings they now enjoy, and are daily multiplying in the rela- of war. It is all butimpossible that two great and ktndred nations, after healing so wide a breach. and helping one anotherto so great a common pros- perity, should become again mutual and un- natural destroyers for a mere point of honor, for a remote wilderness, separated from both by a journey of many months, by stormy seas, and almost impassable rocks and deserts. Unless Mr. Polk Is merely trifling with words, and se- | cretly scoffing at the universal sentiments of | humanity, he is himself incapable of so great an outrage and injury on the country of his ancestors, | on the land of his birth, and the whole race of man. | What means he by saying that he has adopted the maxim “to ask nothing that is not right, and submit to nothing that is wrong ” and his further boast that it is his “anxious desire to prinetre peace with all nations.” Thatthe Union should be anxious to hal this sore. and should think 1t unmanly and unpolitic to bequeath a quarrel to posterity, is natural enough. | That they should think to strengthen their claim with strong language, is also in conformity with many examples. But if the decision is to be speedy, it can only be by negotiation, either by reference, or by a recurrence to the method which, in the case of the disputed boundary on our Canadian irontier, proved so entirely successtul. From the Liverpool Times, Jan. 4. The first Message of President Polk to Congress, | has created, as may be readily supposed, a greater amount of attention in England than any similar do- | cument from the head of the American Union has done for years. Public sete was directed to the Message long before it arrived, ita tone, hostile or otherwise, formed abundant scope for conjecture in the press, and even during the exciting time of the Ministerial crisis, journalists, overwhelmed by the importance of our relations with the United States, stepped aside to discuss the questiod, even in the absence of the President’s views. , We have given elsewhere the spirit of the Eng- lish prues on this important document. Our trans- atlantic readers will be struck by the absence of all irritation in the remarks of the great organs opinion in this country, relative to the Message ; and this reluetance to avoid giving offence, arises altogetner from the praiseworthy desire to heal, rather than to foment, the cause of difference between us and the United States respecting Oregon. Some of the ar- ticles we have given, are able and comprehensive views of the question at issue, argued, of course, with an allowable amount of national feeling and prejudice, but presenting, on the whole, a just and | generous standard of reuson and logic. One cause, perhaps, why the message has agreea- bly disappointed expectation here is, the well-timed observations in which it indulgps respecting a libe- ral tariff. If the one is the bane, the proposed reduction of the tarifi is the antidote in the new President’s inissive to Congress. The style of the documeut has elictted praise; and, although Mr. Polk has been snubbed by European publicists as a nouvel yme, he has given proof, in this much cri- ticised document, of the possession of literary pow- ers that command respect, if they do sot always force conviction. iy Since the meseage came to hand, another arrival has brought us the correspondence laid before Con- such documents is, that the’ the perusal of the great world. The London Times cupancy, and, secondly, the cession of the Spanish | chita cf the United States. The paper in question endeavors to show that the maintenance oi these two rights is incompatible ; that if one is correct, the other cannot sustained. “The prior occupation, and the after cession, may be cited as distinct facts, but they cannot confer one title.— Two bad titles can no more make a good one, than two affirmatives can make a negative.” We should like to have presented our readers with these arti. ticles, as they are considered in this country to be able, if not unanswerable expositions of the subject, | but as they appeared only a day or two preceding the sailing of the steamer, when our columns were crowded with the statistical information, to which we had previously pledged ourselves, we are reluc- tantly compelled to forego the pleasure. Upon the whole, then, if the Message hasjnot giv- | en all the satisfaction in England which the friends | and well wishers ot America desire, it has its fa- vorable point—that of free trade; and the pending | triumph of free trade principles will, in all probabili- Ko be accom that bone le in deference | proceeding a spirit of liberal concession on the part | issue must be one of negotiafion, not arms. A slOW- | trad an irresistible power, is not a right, and eepends on The terms of the Message imply, then, the alter- | tions of peace, for the bloody and precarious glories | grees between the British and American Ministers | | on the subject of the Oregon. The misfortune of | are too voluminous for | | has devoted a series of articles tothe consideration of this correspondence, more particularly with re- | Chamber of Representatives. ference to the two points upon which Mr. Buchanan | insists, namely, first, the title arising from prior oc- | the Whig attei to form a government. Ire- ad certainly would not have proved Lord John | Ruasell’s “chief difficulty.” Bnt the Cabinet, had | | it assumed power, would probably have broken the | | neck ef the Repeal party—cut the head from the | trunk—and made the task of governing compara- | tively easy for the next Conservative Premier. The present state of Ireland is still most unsettled —outrages and murders not abated. The Repeal Association continues its weekly meetings, and the protection of railways and other works are among the more prominent and Jeyportent evegts that have lately eccurred therein. r. O'Connell pledged himself to support the corn law league, in the eflorts to repeal the statutes which prohibited the free im- portation of foreign grain into these kingdoms. Franee. | This day, Dec. 30, his majesty Louis Phillippe | Opened the Session of the French Chambers with | the usual formalities. The Queen, the King’s | daughters, and sons-in-law, and the litte Compte die | Paris, his Majesty’s heir, had arrived at the Cham- | ber previous to his Majesty, and were seated in one of the tribunes. Having ascended to the throne, the | king bowed to the assemble, He {then seated himself, put on his hat, and delivered the following les Paris et Messieurs les Deputie: jembling g you about me,I am happy to think that | we may congratulate ourselves on the general state of our country. I am confident that the accord between | the powers of the state and the maintenance of our poli- | Gy cforder and conservation, will more and more ensuie | the regular developement of our institutions und the pro- gress of the national prosperity. _ “My Government has applied itself to | execution of the great works which you necessary measures for bringing them to will be submitted to you. Thus we shell 1 y rred on Fi e both powerful guarantees of f developing her faitful activity, rq ite of welfare over all parts of our through all classes of the population. e important results have been obtained, the (peepee: the ave voted, The While situation of our finances has daily become more and more satisfactory. “Laws relation; 0 sures, whose objects are to be to introduce into the ad- ministration important improvements, will shortly be | presented to you" to finance, with various other mea- continue to receive from all foreign powers pacific andamicableassurances. I hope that the pelicy which has maintained general peace amidat many storing will one day cause the memory of my reign to be held in honor. | © The friendship that unites me to the Queen of Great Britain, and of which she has again so recently forded me an affectionate testimony, and the mutual confidence of our governments, have happily secured between both states good and intimate relations. The conventi: concl fea between us for putting down the odious slave ution. ‘nus, by the cordial co-operation of the maratime | forces of the two states, th trade will be effi ssed, and the ime our commerce ed under the exclusive surveillance of our * “1 have reason to hope that the common action of | river Plate, to the restoration of regular and pacific commercial relations, which is the sole object o: our efforts. in order that the domination of France may retain every- where the force and ascendancy that become her. With the assistance of time, our energetic perseverance Will | lay the foundation of the security and prosperity of Al- eria. “Messieurs, you hi afforded me your loyal co- operation in the great and arduous task which the na- tional will has summoned me to fulfil. Providence has blessed our efforts, and has afforded me precious consola- in my own family. Wherever tl »/ hi ed, my sons have, | trust, worthily upheld t! France. My grandsons are increasing growing up under my nwn eyes. My dearest wish and sweetest hope is, that by your devotedness to ce and our zeal in serving her well, we may ensure her af- fection and the intimate union of my family and country be for ever established.” ame of in number, and Spain. On the 19th December, the Cortes were opened. The following is from the Queen’s speech :-— “During the short space of time that has elapsod since the termination of the last session of the Cortes, no re. markable alteration has taken place in the relations of my kingdom with the other powers. “The negotiations pending with the Holy See con- “ Paring that interval the ratifications of the treaty | concluded with the Emperor of Morocco have been ex- changed, as well as tose of the treaty of reconciliation, | peace, and frie: ip with the Republic of Chili. Ap un- | expected acci has prevented the conclusion of the reed same formality with respect tothe treaty recently agree uds upon with the Republic of Venezuela. The many | which unite Spain with those States cannot but contri- | bute to the establishment of intimate relations between the two countries. “ My government will also | law for | and solid manner, | “The Minist: P ent to you a project of important object of endowing in a permanent iblic worship and the clergy. ‘0 60 votes. us far all the decisions have been in | their fa “Itis to be intended to make modifications in the tariff, and to take severe measures for the repression of | smuggling. With respect to the former, investigations have long been in progress. It is believed that whatever may be resolved upon, the duties on cotton will re- } main” | Italy. | The great events in Italy of late, have been the movements of the Emperor of Russia. He has had an interview with the Pope, in which the latter ad- | dressed him in terms of strong remonstrance against | the cruel and abominable treatment of Catholics in Russia, and particularly Poland. Nichol sented to have been much moved by the earnest m ner of the venerable old Pope, to have expressed his ignorance of the brutal tyranny that had been exercis- | ee in his name, and to have promised to punish by | sending to Siberia the persons guilty of it, should he find, on investigation, that the Pope’s statement was | correct. I oe sent to Russia. but that Nicholas is said to have | declined, notwithstanding he himself maintains an ; ambassador at the Komish Court. When he first saw his Holiness, he bowed his haughty head to the very ground, and attempted humbly to kiss his hand, but the Pope opeeed his arms and embraced him. The presents Nicholas has given to his Holiness | are very costly, as is also those he has given to | other Italian potentates. His liberality has been un- | bounded, aad diving the whole of his tme in Italy, | he has won golden opinions from all, and been wel received by the people. At Rome, however, he | created less sensation, and was received with less | respect than elsewhere. The reason of that wi | the Romans were indignant at this treatment of t! | Catholics in his own dominions. ilst in Rome | the Emperor visited all the ‘* lions,” and surveyed | for some considerale time the tomb of St. Peter. | Belgium. The accounts from Brussels are to the 28th ult. ‘The new treaty of commerce between this coun- | try and the United States has been discussed and adopted by a very considerable majority in our As to the Oregon dispute, which is waging be- tween England and America, [ am not sure thatany of my countrymen understand it, but I am quite | sure that to every one of them it is a matter ot su- preme indifference. It is so, not because we do not think a quarrel between two great nations a serious | thing, but because we believe that the English and the Yankees would as soon think of ghting for the | moon as for Oregon. | Germany. | Our advices from Berlin are to the 22d ult. ~ Our press and people have not yet lost their faith | in the long-promised constitution, and they even | profess to expect that the king will formally premise it in dismissing the States now aesembled. Religious tolerance appears to be gaining ground. Catholic priests no longer retuse to bless mixed mar- riager, i. e., marriages between Protestants and Catholics. India, The dates are—Bombay, December, 1 ; Calcutta, November 21; Madras, November 22. There is nothing from China later than reached usbythe lastmall. == ‘ e news from India is highly important. The ive by a satisfactory adjustment of contention, the Oregon. Polk and Peel agree as to the necessity of the first, why not | prospect of a collision between the British and of the last alternative ? isthe great promoter of Whatever annoyance the V | | when the barrier will be removed, and the Britain will be the ready and grateful recipient of al! The professional politicians of England presume | to see, in the belligerent policy of Mr. Polk, a de. | sire in order to secure his re-election, to flatter the war feelings of the Western States. But commerce | and civilization.— ‘estern States may have | | experienced in the seclusion of their agricultural produce from England, the day is fast | reaching son ol | the “bread stufls” which the Western States can | Sikh troops was becoming every day more immi- nent. The latter had already commenced their march towards the Sutlej, with the view of repelling the anticipated aggression. Meantime strong measures of defence had been adopted at ee ed and as Sir Hénry Hardinge has | upwards of 50,060 troops at his disposal, any at- tempt on the part of the enemy io precipitate hos- tilities can hardly fail ta be attended by the over- Iming defeat. The Sikh army had been ar- ed in three divisions; one commanded by whe! 1 | ran, Sir | sendus. This isnot so much a matter of opinion | another by Rajah Lall Singh, and a third by Sirdar | as the assertion of a principle that has Peas Jowun Singh. The affairs sof the Government | Mount amongst us, and threatens to destroy all who | continued to be administered by the Ranee. Gool- | willnot bend to its influence. ab Singh was still at Jamoo. ‘inde was perfectly Ireland. quiet, and she troops generally healthy. | During the recent ministerial interregnum, con- Markets, | very sender encouragement it might be induced t: burn bright again. | dictions ; and the fact was n rent than during the “crisis. | Corn alike intense delight to the Orangemen and e his rival coming into power. | discreet of the po; | Mr. O’Connell, viewed the accession favorably, because the had become necessary. the siderable curiosity was manifested to know the | tacties which Mr. O’Connell would pursue in the | ken place in the Money Market since we lest addressed | event of the whigs be ie office. It has been his | American read Dari of the political | cue for some time past to abusegboth the great Eng- Matuornecinas me | lish parties, and to repudiate all alliance with either, though an under current of feeling occasionally peeped out sufficient to show that his first love for | the whigs had not entirely evaporated, and that on a p he anomulous condition of parties in Irelane is the bane of that land of contra- i r more palpably appa- | Peel's resigaation | Young Ireland” Renealers, although the views the one would have been thwarted, and the poli- | ey of the other retarded ; certainly, not advanced by The more sober and pular party, rere headed by y saw that a change of Wetton | This was the state of parties at the break down | Lonpon Monsy Mangat.—A great revolution has te- sell taking office, w “was not strong eno for the place,” caused a co; erable decline, Cons: wing atone time reached 92} to 92. The return of Sir Robert Peel hyo wes * trikki' fect rices—a f tity took place Spon the inabilit of Lord John Russel! to form an administration being made known—the latest quotations of Console became three per cent higher than thore immediately preceding that eve with an immense amount of business do- ing, shows thet his return has been looked most al by the moneyr:! interes's of the ¢The American Presi \ent’s 5°, Senwee i's roa ipered by on marl variously view. ry whole, is red favora- of the , and with which was effect we parties; but on the to the pacific settlement on the te sion of the interest. In the last day or two Conso’s have slightly declined, EoreeEeTYT.—S~ (000 00000 at this moment in coarse of being carried into | France and England will lead, on the banks of the | in “ Events which I deplore, but which have again exhi | bited the heroism of our soldiers, hi bed our ns in Africa. I hai ompt measures, appear. | ogeinee will have a majority of from | The Pope wished him to allow a Nuncioto , lar Te} Singh (the late Governor of Peshawur,) |" oregerd to a od | riff it cannot but act favorably to British | closed t heavily at 949 to 94}, ex-dividend we er peeks td were—Reduced tog; Nev three-and.a-quarter per ce ts, 97; Lorg Annuities, 10 9-1¢ India Bonds, 33s to 37s premium; Exchequer Bills, 27 to 28 premium, and Bank Stock, 203 to 205. Liven: tron MauKET FOR THE WEEK ENDIN Dackunte 36.—The long expected document of the Pr sident’s Message has had little or no effect on our cotto arket. Although his important peper may Se said t reserve the lofty tone thet was expected from it, ther tr so much in favor of the interests of peace and concil ation rising up in both contries, that the public seem | regard the isaue of the disputed point with the best hope of un adjustment. The agitations in the cebivet, as the government of this country, having in some me sure subsided, the public securities have been iavorabl effected, There is also less alarm prevailing about th potato crop and the famine question generally. ‘These together have given a better feeling to nufacturing interest of Lancashire, and hay fore in our cotton market, witheut experier tual advance 0 OR quctntioa of prions ticipated in the general impro’ " uae interest to the rsports of the crop in the Unite States. On this point there is nothing new, and we ca therefore merely repeat our opinion, as stated in ou: cular of Friday last, namely, that it will probably prov equal to the crop of last year, but, so far as regards Ne Orleans, of much better quality. 1600 American hav been taken on speculation, py ee for expor The sales of the week are 20 bales. Jan. 3.—The sales to the 3ist ultimo having been i of . nearly all to rade upon American, quoted 3ist Decembe of $4 per poun ie) mbintain Liverroot Corn Manxet, Jan. 3—The cora trade h deen it nced similarto London, and during the mini terial “ interregnum” was flat, with very little dispos tion on the part of buyers to operate. Pricvs, therefor declined ; but the return of Sir R. Peel to power seems have imparted a better disposition on tht of the trad Busiuess is therefore improving, and t! fall in pric is gradually but not rapidly recovering their former p sition. States Flour in bond, continued to attract som attention, and at 28s 6 per barrel a few percels cha: — sean! Corn, com! mi tap 2 a q were disposed of, partly for shipment la 936 to 348 per quarter in bond. Wheat und lock has met occasional notice for investment, but x actual sales reported. State of Trade: Since our last publication the state of trade has bos very fiuctuating, and but little business transacte Prices, however, have contineed remarkably well su ported, although in several instances they have decli ‘ed. @ latest accounts from Leeds state that bo halls have been but moderately attended either t buyers or sellers. Prices continue without alteratio Not much is doing in the warehouses, but busi: oneral is not slacker than it usually is at the peri Eiristaat, Our Huddersfield correspondent sa there was a better feeling in our market on Tue | week, and more inquiry for goods. No doubt the ne approach of the year has induced bcs Dio ne to los | out for what is likely to fle saleable; s e increase bullion in the Bank of England is with many an infal ble sign that there isto be analteration for the bette Wools continue firm. There is no particular chang the piece market at Halifax since our last pu lication, latterly ier i atc iss in ae | and shalloons, but the mand was fine he latter Siost called for. The and crapes, inne still complain, but the principals of several pps houses were making inquiry for sorts, which it is hop grill isad to. an increase of business. "Wools are een Super super hogs are selling at £16 10 per pack, mi ops aud wether from £12 te 12 10. Com. Nolleare £9 appears to be in @ ‘locks are low. Business di discouraging position at Rochdale, the ; have extremely limited, and the prices low. | Wool tle has been done ; manufactu buy ve ‘ingly at last week’s pric In Bradfo} ell ki of putes, wool, yarn and 8 contin in a drooping condition, ay few purchases are mad and prices have therefore in several instances gi | away. The recent intelligence from America | caused considerable discussion here, as to the cou ) hereafter to be adopted ; and still scent definite known, it will tend to retard the pregress of product for that market. An improved feeling has continued pervade the staple markets in and eround Manches! and which, no doubt, with the ensuing season | lead to a large business, aad likely to advance prices| | Parties unwilling to enter upon new contracts | itnmediate delivery, they being mostly occupied in ranging the last year’s accounts. —_—— Common Pleas. Before Judge Ulshoeffer. Jan, 23.—John Berghn ve. Anthony Giilien.—This anaction to recover damages for assault and battery. ‘The parties are Germans, and resided at the time in 3 street ; they met at a beer house in the same street, | a fight arose between them in consequence of some fe | that happened man: ago in Germany. The doi | dant struck the plaintiff a severe blow on the back of | neck, which knocked him down, and by the fall his kn werely injured. The defence was, as usual in 8, that the plaintiff committed ry found a verdict for plaintif $12. For plaintiff, Mr. McGuire; for defendant, Mr. A.Thoy son. | Isidore I. Czarnowisky vs. James Campbell.—This defendant. In July last, the partnership w: tween them, and the pactoer took, re rtnership property. The plaint: Bao July Phe defendant went to the store, tool 10 from plaintiff, forced him out in the street, andtook session of the store and goods. The defence set up that plaintiff called on Mr. Campbell on the 2d July, him that his partner had dissolved partnership with and took away all or most of the goods in the store, ence of which he was unable to carry on the that he wished Mr. Campbell not to lose hie gave him up the key, and desired him go and take post tion of the store and itscontents. Campbell did 40, the next morning plaintiff came with some friends, f: ‘open the door, and re-took posse: | which Campbell returned to the store, took the key fq Czaroowisky and forced him out. The jury foun verdict for the plaintiff, $150. For plaintiff, My. Potter; for defendant, Mr. El wood. Marine Court. Before Judge Waterman. Jan, 28.—E. W. Tryon and J.R. Loyd ve. Benj. Clar , The plaintiff in this suit are merchant tailors, doing} | nese at No. 237 Broadway. ime during the sent winter season, the defendant, who is agentlem , ease and independence, called at the abovenamed blishment, and left orders for an outside sack coat, t made ina manner conforming with another which beer furnished to a friend of his, and for which he forty dollars. The coat was accordingly made, and to the residence of Mr. Clark, who declined receivin, because of its not having been made and trimmed it) style concluded upon, or at the price stipul: b | was therefore brought to recover the amount cha! | (being forty-five doliars) which the jury returned, | the accompanying costs—the defendant of course, entitled tothe coat. EK. L. Fancher, Esq., for u W. R. Beebe, Esq, for defendant. Ata trial in Lewis county, N. Y., between ie Adams and Mr. Homer C. Waters, the jury ret} ed a verdict of $450. Another meeting was held at Newport on Moa | evening, to consider the necessary measures for ) curing the establishment of a rail road between | town and Fall River. The present object was to | fands for making the necessary surveys. | —Messrs. O. 8. & L. N. Fo to the city, are ng city, an Phrenol; having reti ‘wait on ay thed oF | Small Pox and weariness, rez tht ee eigh licants e both enerally ins with lan; chilliness and vomiting, soreness of the tH any other sel gasant com a | 1e ©) }, Consumption, inci complaints, which usually follow au imperfect cure of > Saud fodinn and therefore Sdive iw 1a he hes for sale.” at he has for sale. | The ont ity against imposition, is to purchay eat aublent hed character, or at ths ofice and Oi pot, No. 988 Uireenwich street Navigath | . Time | Cincinnati, Jan. 17 Louisville, Jan 1 Wheel Ohio River. ion of the 1 | Friday, Jan. 23-6 P. ‘There was 4 slight improvement in the stock m| and quotations advanced a fraction. The trans: ‘were limited, as the disposition among operato: ‘weit until the steamer’s news arrives, before doin thing of consequence. Illinois 6's improved j pe: N. A. Trust }; Morrie Canal j; Erie 14; Farmers’ 4; Harlem j; Long Island $; Reading Railroad } wich and Worcester 1. It is our impression that there will be consid disappointment in relation to the complexion 4 news from Great Britain by the steamer. Tho mind is very much excited, and the greatest anxi ists to obtain the earli st intelligence. that the accounts by the steamer now due, will the Oregon, and every other question between ¢ Countries; instend of which, we have no doubt th the course of the British ministry upon the G question, as we now know. There will be sot faction, however, in knowing how much bluster expended by the British press, dent’s message; and it will be