The New York Herald Newspaper, December 22, 1845, Page 1

Vol, XI,, No. 352—Whole No. 4204. NEW THE NEW YORK HERALD | JAMES GORDON BENNETT, Proprietor. | Circulation...Forty Thousand. DAILY HBRALD—Fvery day. Price 2 cents per copy— | SPEER RAS rp Saar tay Pree 8 can PADVuRTISOMENTS at the aroal pricormalwaya cash PRINTING of all kinds executed with beauty And des- | = All leters or communications, by mail, addressed to | the establishment, must be post paid, or the postage will be Steamed MES CoRBON SEWNerr pr) riet.r of the New Yort Henatp Estasushmant, Northwest corner of Fulton and Nassau streets. ‘Custos Rouse, Collector's Office,” Deceinber QEALED PROPOSALS will be received at the De! ty moelb spe ‘21th iastant, for the supply of rations to the petty of aod seamen of the United Sta‘es Revenue fone ‘Spencer, for the term of one year trom the Ist day of january nex The ysion for the revenue service is the same as that allowed dp the naval servior emitting the liquor, aad cousuteol the a jes qutum ‘hew york, 1845, Treasury erated in the following table, to wit: Ibjoz | Ibs. off ounces of | hf pints of i Days ofthe Week. j tae@aa fig} Builiuas! i aa ae el 21 HO18 Mah : a an 21 a3 u 1 Cd 7 “tl: ¥ sahintobe duinctly Mar tood,that xo 8 sill be entertain om persons aot setually eu t b refer, and that the Guatractor wall be bound to far le net i as, may ‘be. required by approbation of the Collec: ech van sinh ie 0s secy by sauivalenes ¢ correspoudiig parts ol the ration allowed in the naval ser ‘ersons proposing will transmit their bjds sealed to the Sve retary of the T'reasnry dil tar Cc W.LAWR Colwetor PROPOSALS JONERY, PRINTING (NDING. Coutrcrows Orric EALED PROPOSALS will b tilthe 2th of December next. for and Stationery, and tor executing period 0° ove yenr from the Ist of tom House establishmeut ‘The proposals must be classes of articles, numi ived at this office un- raishing Blauk Boots ing avd Binding for the January next, forthe Cus- this poxt, eparate for each of the following J yi ito 14. A price, and one price ouly, mnat be specified for each and every article enumerated in the classes bid for; the amouat of the bids for each article must he extended. ashe axyregate amount for each class ex- 5 hibived. | Proposals uo! ia accordauce with these direc- tieus will not be consi ecimens of tl tor’s Office, in the Cus be of tiw best qualit; ples, aud to be appr ‘The lowest shall reesive a contract for the same, ov entering iuto bond, with satisfactory surety for the performance thereo/, under a foriciture of twice the con- traet price in case of failure, which bond is to be executed within ten days after the proposals are accepted. wed. he right is re ed, in case it should be ne to or- der « greater or leas supply of all or of any of the 8 con tained in the lists; and articles not embraced therein, which may oe needed, are to be furnishel at corresponding rates with a nd work will be ordered from time to time as and they will be paid for quarterly: a faflure to fur-ish the articles, or to execute the work in every putin. Ineasrequized by the contracts end withiua reasoustfe ime, fall which the Collector will be the final judge, will cause a forfeiture of the contracts. ‘avonnls tobe marked, ‘Proposals for Stationery, Priut- te. ty! iformity in the bids, bla i faraushed, ou application ‘at this wilice, ta those tuepoced os COLLECTORS OFFICE, they are wante Paree 30 Reams superfine blue laid quarto post liuen paper, raled, Feu. » s do do do __ plain, per ream, iodo do - do foolscap, ruled Pao 5 do deo do lo ‘plain do, 3 do do do_folio post, 3 sides ruled. do. 3 do do do —foolseap, ruled red and feint to pattern, per ream. 3 do superfine blae laid Demy, ruled red and feiat to pat- tern, per ream. 1 do American Imperial Abstract Jiten paper, raled red and feint to pattern, per ream. 2 do super royal ubstract linen paper, raled red and feint to patteru, per ream. 3 do Eavelege paper, medium, smooth, buff, (sized) per 3 do Blotting paper, median, Per ream. STATIONERY. 2000 Quills, No. 99, per 1000. 4 gross metalic Pens, Gillott’s double Damascus barrel, per cards. 4 packages metalic Pens, Perry’s Double Patent, per pack- 2 roe Hater’ preieated Lond Pencils, per groan 00s Monroe's jaa encils, per 4 4 do red office Tape, linen, No. 25. ¥0 Iba red Waters. vari ee lish pressed, per Ib. 10 Ibs superfine En; r4 aly 12 qulous Nlack ink, Maynard ke N yfallon a 2 wry al cy pints, per doz. 4d bine lak, Ssephens? jin anarts, per dozen. ' 2 bushels black Sand, per bushel. 3 Ine prey India Rubber, per Ib. dozen ds, pewter, with covers, do es. COCOR Wi do Cups, do lo do Wafer Stamps, ivory handles do do Erasers, (Roers’) do do do Poance Bexvs, cocaa wood do do _ Folders, satin w 30 seg Fl Boards, white wood, of different widths, per 1000. ross 32 do & do Pe dozen. BLANK ROOKS. 4 snper royal Cash Books, 2 quires, throe-fourths binding, per 4 cap Cash Duty Books, printed heading, 3 quires, half bound, movoceo backs aud corners. per book. 90 Impost . flat deny, printed heading, ruled to pattern, 2 half bound, per book. Book: 2 to 6 quires, fall hound 2to 6 quires, fail bound in 2 to6 quires, three-fourths "2106, half bound—2i quires per ae 12 Cap Books, rh edto pattern, 2 to 4 quires, half bound—20 quires—per qa Iv. ; Binding, 8Tmperial Abst acts, at, 1 to 2 1 jading, ria] . acts, wo I. Mao’ Royal do do doe de. 8Medum do do do 8 Der do d 4 Spe Mnaicy 20 Mediums, Demys and Caps, . to6 Sais per vol. iading Import Books for th 5 i Re-biading eagore ehoee or the Quarver, 10 to 14 quires, half | Bindu wsterly Accounts of Weighers, Guagers, &c.— 03 yal hcifshvect, Mat, 3 quree, quaites tened Seeks, reel. Binding Gately Crew Lists, medium, flat, 6to 10 quires, ht ind, 8 vols. per vol. Bindin, yuterly Shipping Articles, Royal flat, 4to6 5 Shall bowsd, 8 vols per vo. 21 PRINTING. 18 cap si \d and other Books, printed page, 4 quires, half bound, per vol 12 do Bond and uther Books, do do one quarter bou vo 6 Medium dooks, 2 sides set, work and turned, do Xthe pound, per vol z MDedentarve Books, quarto-medium, bank post, 100 leaves, from copper inte furnished Lda office, 4 bound, ol. morocco hacks and covers, pei worked and torned, per 400 Quills, o! penny petro ae 2 reams Letter Paper, ns do do per ide net, worked one side, Ghee Quarto Post Banks, do do do dy Per (00 sheets. 5S Reams oo do worked and tnrn- per ream. $90 Sheer Quarta Peat Blanks, ee een ade ots, Bianks, do dodo doy, $60 Sheets Med'um Blanks, de de ae aReemE Motiom: (eteier, ke.) dod } feral iia de, do dodo, ed nd tent, ‘foe eels fam, Congres, 9 naga an, "Ee twos ee ruled red. fee ‘loosens: et 4 , naval OnFick, 1R las vutsge Mer ago zt to” de fie 1% 40 Foolseap Paper, medi | 40 'best do ‘i Tels do medium do { do- Bal Rnvelope Paper, linen, best do a do otting do Owen & Hurlbut’s best qual’y. 4 do ‘ormite, print on asheet, as per sampie, ng 2. 1 dogen Glass Inkstands, as ver sample. {ibs London supertine Sealing War. {bs tadia itu 3 grows red jinen Tape, No. 25. # icon Teed Peneils, best quality Is dougn Ruvelopes letter sign, No 5 4 ‘don Var $s €erscatCe Waites, Dat No.2 abbores, one doron ench, Perry's Donble Patent small barre! IAboxes, one gross euch do do No. 2, fine ‘point Pens. 12doxes, one dozen each, Gillott’s 4 barrel Engle Pens. Fy 4 sinall Pens. b gallons best ke do, } "Soren y ints hest quality Everts’ rei Ink. 1 Ledger full bound, four 1 Journal 3 a half Qaires 1Cash Book, half bound, 6 Registers of Eotri three of three qui each ers of Kiutrien. JLANK BOOKS. | quires, per sample No. 1 Mirvound, three quires each » H ash Daties aud Differences, half bound, tor and : uires = h nif bound, | quires euch 1 Foreign Exports, half bound, printed heads, four uires 2Day ks, half bound, five quires each 1 Enrolment and License, half bound, five quires halt ach, and three of twoquires Vil. und, linen covers, if bound, ligen covers, printed heads, i inen covers, one end a half u 1 Examined Mauifests, half bound, four qawes, alpha- bet "12 18tore Asogant Entries, half bound, fonr quires, al: habete oar) 6 Blotters, half bound, one quire each ral 1 Yard Book, half bouod two quires "15 | iR of Versels, half bound. four quires aH 1 Refunding Bock, half bound, thive quires “7 1 Cash Deposites, Balances, halt bound, priated sads, three quires } “19 LRegistet of luspectors, &e., half bound three quires H 19 | { Méimorandum Books, half bound, two quires each "39 dreams ¥ 1 Six Quire Book, bound in boards, with back of calf and | ree quires feint jines. BU STATIONERY, if good quality tips on the corners of | Lream of Transfer Blank: 6 quires of 3 gross Stee! Pens—' Biottwg 1200 Quills, No. 60. 25 reoms Foobeap By pet 3 do do io 130 dozen pi 600 small M. 300 do 210 large do 200 Alphabet do G reams ¥i 4 do 300 Cards fu 15 gross Lead Penci Togas f 10 Foams Pi 2 Reams In-pectors’ Returns of Cargo, two on a sheet. 6 gross S:ee! Pens, Wauhe's best: 2 reai wees red Ti jemorani do di edium Envelo) reer 1 Mfeast Ww pectors per ruled to m: ¥ ms Quarterly Accounts of I ° do do do Monthly do do do do 300 Measurers’ Accounts. 200 Rules and Regulations of Officers. only the heads aod Tastructions to Luspectors, Printing 100 Pamphiets, 5000 Certificates of Spirits, (when name of the Importer to be iuserted) p. certificate. of Coal Ret Salt — do. Balt and Coal do. | at turns. Expense Accor echuaunimencs': oul OFFIC STATIONRRY. Paper, rnled aud printed heads nt lined, full bound, w quites each, ; 3 Alphabetical Mem orondum Books, feint lined, half bound, , nargin line,double dollars aud cents, fools: al Book, half bound, three quires, foolscap, RVEYOR’S OFFICE. Vil ruled. Derfiue quality. | o ‘do P: “Wright's best.” SURVEYOR’S DEPARTMENT. STATIONERY. pe. dum Books for Inspectors. jo do lo Reurns of ¢ 21 ith alphabets, four Hi, half bound, feint lined, ruled, + AB PER BPKEIMENS, + No. 8 ruled. with back of calf and | "Alphabet of Arri- he covers—"'Sugar Register.” ruled fine. recy fine. for fee officers for Inspectors discharging. do do Paper. "oe elf,’ H to HHH. argo, head printed. | watch the sate. RINTING. of 200 Guagers’ Accounts. mn the number exceeds 50, the units. 2 reams Ruled Letter Paper. i 3 do Plan do | do | ded do Io 3 do Foolseap 2d0 R 2 1 do do hi Yeil ow Envelop ‘ed Blotting 43 gross red Tape, No. 17. ibs brown Twine. po Pi lad European Correspondence. Paris, Ist December, 1845. | Critical Condition of Europe—Great Influence of Louis Philippe on Peace—Dangers After his | Sustain its position ? t | YORK, MONDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 22, 1845. Price Two Cents. la the face of an opposition, produces by the combination ot the whigs, the radi- cals, the anti corn-law league, the Irish and repeal agitators, und without even the support of those moderate or pseudo-tories, who pepsin still adhere Death—Tottering State of the Peel Ministry and | to Sir Robert Peel, auch a cabinet would, in the. Corn Laws—Lord John Russell's fumous Letter— Lord Morpeth—Oregon Question—Probabiity of a War—Music and the Drama. In the midst of the serenity of an apparently uni- 8 ; | versal peace, the elements of discord are, neverthe- | S | lees, in active fermentation, beneath this superficial | tranquillity. The diffusion of knowledge; the gene- ral prevalence of education; the cultivation of the fine and useful arts; but, above all, the free and constant inter-communication of nation with nation, and people with people, which has prevailed in a | manner so remarkable, since the general peace of | 1815; and the simultaneous establishment of steam navigation, and subsequent improvement aud exten- sion of railways, have conspired to transform the functions of the swerd to the pen. Bu'tles are now fought, not on fields, but on paper—protocols take the place of artillery, and the plenipotentiary shelves the General. Still, discord asserts her sway, though she is compelled to change her weapons, and to clothe her functionaries in new characters. — Wherever we direct our view over human socie- ty, we find she manitiests her presence in an_une- quivocal manner: France 1s convulsed by a number | of antagonist parties, which make themselves felt and heard in the chambers and through the press. Critics on,the American government have found matter for ridicule in the multiplicity of political sections into which the republic 1s resolved, and the facilily each section finds in establishing its proper organ in the shape of a journal. What must be thought of Franc, in this reepect, which numbers shades of party and tints of journaliem with which nothing short of a seven years’ apprenticeship can render a foreigner familiar. These multifarious parties, many of which are so nearly equal in nu- merical and political strength that none could ac- quire any permanent preponderance, are kept in check only by the master spirit ot Louis Philippe, unquestionably the greatest sovereign of this age But the course of nature places narrow limits to the lite of this monarch, and when that life falls, the destinies of France and the state ot Europe will as- sume 4 position which must fill the minds of the most profound statesmen with painful apprehension. A long minority—a regency—a temporary sovereign, not endowed with any canmanding abiities—must assume the regal office, to rule the most turbulent people of the Old World. At present the hereditary principle is lost sight of. Louis Pailippe reigns by popular choice. The elder Bourbons were forced upon the nation for a brief interval by foreign power. Napoleon held his power by popular elec- tion, and in the various forms of government which preceded him, the people alone were at least nomi- nally predominant. Thus it may be said, that the hereditary principle of national sovereignty has not | been praftically tested in France since the death of Louis XV, It will be tested, then, on the demise of Louis Philippe, for the first time among the present generation of men. Who can foresee its reception? At this moment the popular will controls the crown to a greater extent than foreigners can im- ine. Itis well known that the sovereign and his sers feel that Algeria 1s an incubus on the country ; that it is a vast cemetry, into which annu- ally thousands of brave Frenchmen are caet—a colony without products, sustained by the blood and treasure of the mother country—a_pest house, fatal to the physical temperament of Europzans— an arena tor a chronic war with barbarians, over whom victory brings no glory and before whom de- feat is infamy—a country where conquest is synony- mous with extermination ; where the enemy com- bines the characters of the savage aad the fanatic; | and where the contest 1s interminably prolonged by 20 cards 3 pojats Perryan Pens, H 40 do. National do 10 do. Barrel do | 400 Quills, No. 80. ? | 3dozen 'Monr ves graduated’ Lead Pencils. | 31bs red Sealing Wax. | 3 <allons black fuk. | 6 vials red Ink. 2 Blavk Abstract Books. | 6 small Blank Books. 6 half bouad Blank Books. 1 Led, cre. 1 Blanc Address Book. 3 Day Books: 1 Cash, Book. : 1 Blank half bound Register. da ream Al bstract Paper. PRINTING. Xi. ream red Trausfer Orders. 1 do black Tras 1 do do Drawback 1 do do Delivery Orders, 1 do do lo 6 do jo 60 cards extra fine do 40 1000 manafactured best 6 bot les Maynard 6 bottles Ste} 15 dozen 21 vials Pr 2 oxen 5 reams PRINTING, : 8 reams Printed Returus, ruled, two on cap sheet, thicker bf 2reams Printed Returns, ruled, one on cap sheet, thicker per. 1 rem Trinted Damage Appraisemont Returns, four to exp de 12 ‘APPRAISER’S DEPARTMENT. STATIONERY. 10 reams blue Ruled [octen Paper, as per sample 5 d ‘ap Letee rade No "blue mine ouch Car Ibs Wafers. 4 four quires Ro He quires Blotan 29 Itaw dwr Transportation of Naval Stores. NAVY AGENT’S OFFIC. ROPOSALS, sealed and endorsed “' Proposals for freight 0 ARigde Janeiro,” will be received at thus office until 3 ol the 15th day of Decembe next; . M., Mon poreation, of neiro, in asked fe iro, for tal where she is at the receive cargo by exnoination with receptanee, der, accords about res, fromthe Navy Yard at Brookly the empire of Brazil ¢ Per heels withour distinction between wet, and dry. tive-snd-a-half cubic feet of measurement goods; aud th Tons to the guage of all casks uot usally called burtelz, to be considered as bartels, whatever they may contain. than Government Stores to image to be allo allowed at nt in the the deli the 26th three the freight wi ng to law. PROSPER M. WETMORE, Navy Agent. nl4 lawiw OKPOR: of property foi ‘Asseasments—Pablic notice is ven that a8 property for unpaid assessments, will take place pac auc: tion. at the City Hall of the eity'of New York, on Monday. the ‘aay of March next, at twelve o'clock, at noon, and newspaper printed Street Novembe: ued from day to day until the whole of said property shall pu mers ‘omim nig Iawlit m TEAAS LANDS FOR SAL 50,00 ata) ith & Co., © Der. 15, 1845, Baltimore, A Bewary of and by Willard, Premiums TOTHE BEAUTIFINRG 0} ECO! TON—Bur- | a 1 baer: ea BIVINE Be VENUS AND | NY AcRES ) EXAB, for sale on liberal terms. Fifteen Thouvand Dollars City of Sabine Stock. Enquire of th corner of Bi CHEMICAL RESULT. 0! ER la! BRATED VEGETABLE Tighip: He. Detaons. to dye instantaneously jeast iu venience. 18 altogether harmless. ‘This composition the science of chemistry i dations of | TO ‘count: ye, feits.—, Perryan Steel Pens. Gillott’s Evgle Bens. val books, X bound, printed heading. er. barrels, more or leas, of Governm wed Ten fair weather workin ports of ead a and ni, name and condition of the vessel time of offer in fupection, and be ready atthe Navy Yard, Brooklyn, to December, and if not fe more and Sharp ai Hi evil consequeuces need not be Patron Himited confid rs Irblaek ie Teduired, ask for box marked i H Liqued fair D: , Horvale, whaleela tod rranbe eoumune autele ALAS) HAUEL, No. 46 nts:—J. B. Jaequrmod, on. Artal ty Lalhyetie fer Receipts, 230 Cherry street. Orders, 12 Broad street. 230 Cherry street. 270 Water street. road street. Xi. er Paper. beter than sample. No. 8, good quality. black Ink, large bottles. } nk, Large bottles. uk. ©. W. LAWRENCE, Collector. New Yous, Nov. 13, 1845. } for the tra N. Y., to Rio de J Offers must specify the pr arty gal er &; en on board as freight, |, producing satisfac very of the cargo. Proposals: as her: and she must pass the | ted for days afier being notified of her ll be offered to the next lowest bid- of the property to be Pu w the Evening Post,a ed in the city of New York. Ofiee, ELIAS L. SMITH, Street_ omini mer. OF PATENTED Note M ‘ithes in of Israel Gril- treet. 10 GRIFFIT!. dio lawdw re bacriber at the stor ORATI MY CELE UIP HAIR DYE, to hair, jout For changing red or &} to a brown, black or the i he public. Vit brown, box Ask for “J Vegetable | el’s erfamer and Chemi South Third street. Philad No. 415 Broadway Bazaar, 151 Broadway; A. | corner of Cedar and William streets. | awarded at the iklin Institate. n16 im*re D pose: part of oriental balsamic admixture, jt is distingn! a 5 purifying and OT iti from Gre ¥ and i Not bil ile, on id for renderit ical disco’ fair, as wel complexion. parent fa Gistinenishiog . Compos to the Li} rot J ished medicinally for its ex: ig action on the skin ; and vensel is ante, rae the neck, hands and arms, it be irness which its continued use will 4 eas. ious complexion into one of way ite. nJ6im*re | im ee and Flowr Merchant, 119 ones | on the question of the corn monopoly. | laws had become inevitable | cabinet, in such circumstances, has led some to | solution. | dual ; which Sir Robert | mented by the obstinate opposition of the acquiring the spirit of a holy war. Itis well known that the cabinet would, if they dared, relinquish this unfruitful strife; but neither the present nor any other cabinet now possible could attempt such 3 meusure, without the certainty of self-destruction It the tranqujllity of France hangs upon the lite ot an old man, other parts of the Burepean continent are not im. greater social or political quiet. Italy is the scene of civil broils, Germany is the theatre 61 a new réformation. Switzerland is convulsed om the question of the Jesuitag The crown and the | people are at variance on questions of religious «doc- | trine and practice in Prussia. Ia England, the es- tablished church is split by the most alarming schism which has arisen since the Reformation The aristocracy are raised against the democracy, to Deland, the repeal agitation is not quelled even by the im- nuinence of a tamine; and the astonishing fact isma- aifested of a voluatary tribute of twenty thousand pounds tendered by a tamishing pecple to him who has acquired the position of their jeader! It 18 dif: ficult to say whether the feeling of astonishment at this proceeding on the part of the starving people, or disgust at its acceptance at such an epoch, is piedo- toinant in one’s mind. The eyes of Europe are steadfastly directed to the British cabimet, the movement, or rather equilibrium of which, appears to the uninitiated incomiprehensi- oie. Meetung after meeting continues to be held, and the court newsman, from week to week, an- nounces cabinet councils in session for five hours!! yet nothing is done, except to send a commission of philosophers to Ireland, to institute a course of ana- /ytico-chemico-physico philosophical experiments on the attributes of potatoes ! Parturiunt montes. Nascitur ridiculus mus! ! This trifling is pursued amidst the unparalleled public anxiety, the ardent remonstrances of almost the entire press, and the ominous silence of several even of the semi-official ministerial organs. Par- liament is prorogued, not us usual to the first week ot February, for the despatch of business, but almost from week to week. It1s now appointed to assem- ole on the 16th proximo. In the midst of this general alarm, we hear on every side the persuasion express- ed, that it isthe imperious duty of the ministry to se- cure subsistence for the people atall hazards, and, as the only means of doing so, to suspend, if not totally repeal, the odious monopoly of corn. The most ob- stimate supporters of the landed interests were Jately giving way before this overruling necessity, and the immediate friends of Sir Robert Peel did not con- ceal their opinion, that the time had arrived when some important modification in these restrictive The inactivity of the conclude that the danger is found to be not so im- minent as was supposed, and journals are found to dispute altogether the supposed risk of scarcity, and to treat the panic of the nation with ridicule. It is, however, not easy to admit that vague and ground- less fears should shake the commercial body of the vity to its centre, and produce so portentious a fi- oancial crisis. Others, again, contend that the cabi- not only waits to ascertain by actual inquiries, the real condition of the harvest, und that, according to the information they receive, they will assemble or prorogue Parliament ‘These discussions have introduced into the cabinet, contentions which have seriously threatened its dis- Sir Robert Peel long since toresaw the approaching fall of the system of thecorn laws. He unt to temporize and pass, not suddenly, but gta- ly, to that system of ire trade which ultimately must prevail. Meanwhile came the bad harvest and acrisis. Hence a necessity tor immediate action. | Action, accordingly, the premier proposed, but found himselt suddenly opposed by the invincible resie- tance of the Duke of Weeilington, Lord Stanley, Mr. Sydney Herbert, and other members of the ca- binet,who vehemently protested against any change, at least until famine was glaringly apparent. They denounced every attempt at a timely provision against a future Contingency, however awtul, asa direct surrender of the rights ot the landed aristo cracy. They argued, moreover, that the suspension of the corn laws would be useless, since other na- tions had already shut their ports against the expor- tation of food. DE tag proses Be the highshanded manner in elhas hitherto treated his col- leagues, he has in this case quailed before their op- Late ‘Will he resume his tone of independence ? lhe shake off the incubus which oppresses him? Convinced in his soul that a reform is needed—per- suaded that come it must, and that speedily, who- ever may be the agent to produce it, will he abandon his convictions, yield to the aristocratic party, and share in their fall? Itis contended thathe wiil not ; that he is tired of the incessant obstacles thrown by his own |p oy in the way of his own measures, and oi the double struggle which he has to sustain equally against bis oppenents and his friends, and ie wearied of the false position in which euch a state of things has thrown him. His selt-love and his health, it 18 said, cruelly suffer ; he is fatigued wih office, and by no means desirous to support its bur- then, when both its weight and ite danger are aug- juke. Accordingly, the retirement of Sir Robert Peel is openly spoken of in well informed circles. In such an event, could a more unmitigated tory, pro-corn- law cabinet be formed? And if formed, could it | | | | i | present state of the country, stand no chance of maintaining itself. Yet the party would hazard mach to prevent, on the one hand, the re-constraction of a whig ministry; or on the other a coalition of the whigs and moderate tories. To accomplish this, they would even venture to plunge the na-, tion into a war; and it so happens that an occa- sion of accomplishing this, ot @ peculiarly tempt- ing kind, now presents iwelf. The natural repug- naucy which the people feel towards that party, would be smothered in the tumes of its patriotuc enthusiasm; and the Oregon question presents only too seducing an opportunity for realising this theory The English nation, when its self-love is touched, would assuredly, as is contended, not recoil trom a war with the United States on what might be p» hey regarded in England as just provocation. This wu reception which was given by all parties, without exception, In the House of Commons, at the com- mencement of the present year, to the memorable speech of Sir Robert Peel, in which he declared that, 'f the just rights of England, (45 ne considered them) were disregarded, England would know how to enforce respect for them The national vanity was deep'y wounded by the results of the war of 1812, and by the recollections of that war, constantly revived by the American journals, Ever since, those classes, who are most bitterly opposed to re- publicanism, have burned to give a lesson to the Americans. Thus, such @ measure might be ex- pected, if introduced adroitly, to meet with a popular welcome. Besides, it is contended that the na- tional pride of England would urge her forward in such a course. She considers taat America has implicitly admitted the exlstence of at least_ some claims to Oregon on her part, by thirty years of nego- vation. Yet now, after this thirty years of fruitless diplomacy, the actual President of the Union comes forward and pushes aside with disdain every pre- tension to a claim on the part of Eagland—declares that he wiil hear of no negotiation—that diplomatic measures in such a case are all humbug—that he will not see the Republic of the West choused out of her own by the force of the arbitration of a third power—that to America, and to Amenica only, Oregon, and every inch of Oregon, has belonged, does belong, and shall belong; and that he, as the head and representative of this great confederation, is prepared to entorce its just claims. After the speech of Sir Robert Peel, and the feeling evinced by the English House of Commons, it is very, very hard, to see how England can avoid war, except by the moet bitter Hamiliation: Such are the speculations and reasonings which well-informed persons and practical statesmen now hold on this question. Meanwhile, the English press is unanimous as to right, however divided as to the most advisable means of asserting and enfor- cing that right. The principle of joint occupation 18 conceded. Even those who contend that England had formerly a right, according to the law of na- tions, over the whole territory, admit that a detea- sance of that right has been committed. But it is maintained thateven according to recent admis- sions of the most eminent American statesmen, (Mr. Calhoun, for example) the principle of joint occupation is indisputable. In my last letter, {told you that the English corn laws were in extremis—in the last agonies—in the death struggle. ‘Their knell has since been rung by the great whig aristocratic leaders—Lord Johu Rus- sell end Lord Morpeth—one of whom has joined the League, and the other has shouted to the English people, “Awake , erise, or be for ever fallen.” The doom of this national nuisance has been pro- nounced, and the only point of doubt now is, who willbe its executioners ? The tories,with Sir Robert at their head, turned out the whigs, led by Lord John, because the latter hinted an intention of limit- ing the lendlords’ monopely to a moderate fixed du- ty. Is regard for political consistency so utterly lost in these degenerate times in which we live, that these same tories will have the barefaced and shameless impudence now to propose the abolition he entire duty? Will they do, as they did in we of catholic emancipation—stululy them- ves, and damage political morals, by promoting that to-day which yesterday they denounced as de- structive’at constituted rights 2° or, will they take the more decent course of reuring trem office on the sume question on which hey assumed it? It has been well observed by a contemporary, that the letter or manifesto of Lord John Russell is a shot between wind and water, most formidable to the strained and leaky timbers of the Peel adminis- tration. It has the further merit of being thrown in critically at the right moment—not too soun,(which would have been # great error) nor too late. Lord Joho has waited with that calmness which charac- terizes his movements, to see if ministers would be to the last resolute in irresolutioa—determined to die (and let others die) and make no sign. A shot trom such a forbearing adversary, sounds like the crack of doom, and how 1t tells, will be speedily ap- parent. Lord John’s letter denounces, without the slightest periphrastic flourish, the laat opportunity Sir Robert Peel had, and missed, of dealing with the corn laws. “Three weeks ago,” says Lord John, “it was generally expect- ed that Parliament would be immediately cailed together. The announcement that ministers were prepared at that time to advise the crown to surnmon Parliament, and to propose, on their first meeting, a suspension of the import duties on corn, would have caused orders at once to be sent to the various ports of Europe and America for the pur- chase and transmission of grain for the consumption of the united kingdom. An order in council dis- pensing with the law, was neither neceseary nor de sirable. No party in Parliament would have made itself responsible tor the obstruction of a measure 80 urgent and so beneficial.” Lord John Ruseell’s view confirms the impression that an order in coun- cil, suspending the corn laws for any sufficient pe- riod, would not have been the decent or conetitu- tional mode of dealing with the subject, and would have gone to supersede the function of Parliament at thismoment of most importance. But what an enor- mous blunder has not that minister committed who hag not resorted to Parliament tor the sanction of a measure of which a statesman so calm and unim- passioned as Lord John Russell, declares his con- viction that no party in Parliament would have made itself Teaponsible for the obstrnction! Why, here would have been his damaged wares taken off nis hands at once, and no questions asked! The tell-tale metal popped in the crucible of the crisis, and im: ge, and superscription, melted down! It would have been carrying magnanimity quite too far in the lead- er of the opposition, who has helped the minister so rp fe all he has done, now to help him in joing nothing. It is enough, at this moment, to have no government, without also having no Parlia- ment—no constitutional Oy of impeachment of ie Sa negligence. Mr. Escott said that it was tor those in power, if, indeed, we had a govern- mentat all, to take some steps to provide againet the growing calamity, Such is the honest out cry of a landed nominee—a conservative mem- ber. The signal of distress, unheeded by the ministry, is answered by the chief of the oppo- sition, Sir Robert Peel hus no other choice but to sail in his wake, and to follow his lead, orto nail his flag tothe mast of an odious moncpoly, and rather than strike, sink and drown. An ounce of public spirit would stand him in better stead than an hun- dred weight of mere parliamentary tact. Make a clean breast—make a clean breast, good Sir Roberts Contess your corn laws and obtain absolutien. Take pattern from the manly frankness whic! Lord John penned the following paragraph :—“1 contess that on the general subject, my views have, in the course of twenty years, undergone a great al teration. I used to be of opinion that corn was an exception to the general rules ot political economy. But observation and experience have convinced me that we ought to abstain from all interference with the supply of food. Neither a government nor a le- feats can ever regulate the corn market with the eneficial effects which the entire freedom of sale and purchase are sure of themselves to produce.” Your merchants may rest assured that a market for American bread stuffs of every descripti be speedily opened in the English ports; and” expected reduction of the American tariff place, this movement of commerce will be rend still more decisive. i Meanwhile, it is certain that serious preoatlonga measures are in progress in England,with a view to the contingency of an American war. An ing tion of the mercantile and post office steam mi is going on, and improvements in the conetrt and efficiency of steam ships, are listened t a greedy ear. Contracts for naval stores of description are made on an unusually large scale, and the arsenals are submitted to a ecrupulous in- spection. It is said that in three or four days a steam navy of most lormiduble power could be organized, and armed by the government availing itselt of the vast mercantile steam marine, But the interest which the war question w: under other circumstances awaken, 1s utter! ened by the all-engroseing character of ti 5; monopoly question, which d od interest y the proceeding of cord Jona be readily admitted by all who remember the | just adverted to. Ti evinced even more bv the screams of agony and yells ot despair it has extorted from the organs of the landed intereats—the Standard, the Herald, and the Post—than the lo pesons of the Times, Chronicle, and Globe. It 1s amusing enough, on oceasions like the present, when political party f-elinge are roused in England,to call to mind the abuse lavished on the American people by the satellites of the tory party who have published their travels in the States, for tolerating journals in which the most respectable statesmen of the Union are loaded with abuse. We challenge these travelling advocates of despotism to how us, in the whole history of the American press, t or present, any thing so thoroughly discredita- | le as the vocabulary of Billiagsgate by which Lord John Russell is assailed on the present occa- sion. Nor is this shameful lang.ige confiaed to | the offscourings of the weekly tory press, the noto- rious magazines of infamy, which are issued on eve- ry Sabbath moraing, and greedily swallowed ia every club room in Pall-mall and St James street; but in the broad sheets of the morning and evening journals of the highest reputed charaeter—the elas- sical Standard, and the fashionable Post; and all this | against & man upon whose purity and public integrity | his bitterest enemy has never dared to breath a sus- picion ; the leader of the great whig party 5 member of the highest branch of the hereditary aristocracy ; and one whose name is inseparably associated with every great legislative, administrative and organic reform which has illustrated the present century in Britain. The truth is, however, that these are the mere struggles of desperation ,in a cause from which all hope has now departed Lord Joha has given the corn laws the cowp de grace. There is now no more higgling about a moderate or immoderate fixed duty. The corner stone is taken from te fa- bric; the key stone is withdrawn from the arch, and the whole system of protecuve duty must tum- ble to pieces. * * * . * ‘The railway mania has, as was anticipated, end- ed. Tne bubble bis burst. Ruin has been spread among gamb ing speculators, and a financial panic has convulsed Threadneedle street, and the Bourse Honest capitulists are unharmed. Those who spe- culated without capital, or enormously beyond their capital, alone have suilered. Tn the world of music, hterature, and the arts, little that is noticeable has occurred since my last The event of tae month has been Mr. Wallace’s opera ot ‘*Maritana,” produced with such Baga tied suecess at Drury lane. This, a3 you no doubt have heard, is the same Wallace who was so popu- lar as @ pianist and violinist in America. He has come out on the present occasion with incontestible claims toa high place as a composer, and shown the marks of muure study in every part of his art. His instramentation and mastery over the powers ot an orchestra evince the deepest study of the best German schools, while in the popular character of his melodies, he rivals Beihni and Balte. The music of this opera has been written for the libretto of Don Caesar de Bazan, with which the New Yorkers are already familiar The subject is nota happy one for the purpose. The action 1s too busy to allow intervals for the composer Against these disadvantages, however, Mr. Wallace has prevailed with consummate skill ana complete suc- ceas. Among the performers ot this piece, Miss Poole shines out with especial lustre. Her song of “Alas ! those chimes so sweetly pleasing,” is des- tined tor a lasting popularity. Now that you have so many musical pertormers at the other side of the Atantic, an effort should be made to procure the score of this charming opera, and to bring it out at the principal American theacres. The managers may be assured it would pay well. A son of Sheridan Kaowles has brought out at the Haymarket a comedy which has had a spurious kind of success. The imitation of his father’s style is as glaring as it is feeble. Verdi's opera ot * Nabucndonosor” has resumed its course at the Italian opera of Paris with mode- rate success. It wins on the public, aad I have no doubt that when the public taste has hid time to fa | miltarize itself with the style of this composer, his works will be as popular on this side ot the Alps, as they unquestionably are upon the other. The concerts are not yet commenced, nor have we heard any of the instrumental celebrities. New York Pliots. \tis proper to notice an article winch lately a peared in the Courier and Enquirer, over the initials G W.B, lest the statements should, from silence acquire (importance. a 1t eannot be necessary to institute an enquiry be- tween the skilland capacity of the New York licens- ed pilots, and those who are fostered, fondled, and carassed by the Chamber of Commerce, and Board of Underwriters; as the qualifications of the former have never been seriously questioned, however much particular prejudice may desire to disparage them, in the hope of redacing them to the level ot those novices whom the Cnamber of Commerce aud Board of Underwriters have recommended as good men and true. G W.B. states that the M P.’s have put but three vessels on shore, whilst during the same period the New_York Pilots have tound bottom with seven — G W.B should be authority, as a worthy gentle- man represenung the Chamber of Commerce, as commuasioner of pilots, glories in those initial. Yet he will pardon our doubting hts accuracy, in asking whether he has ever understuod that the following vessels were run on shore by the M. P.’s, viz: the ships Westminster, Patrick Henry, Europe, the brig Cayuga, barque Chancellor, and an herma- phrodite brig, name forgotton, but which was put on shore on Staten Island, near the telegraph. Can G. W.B. state whether the Ashburton did not also scrape and go, or was she hard und fast, on the last | voyage out? and whether the Isaac Allerton did not return from the likereason ? : If their accustomed skill, a8 manifested in the na- vigation of the vessels above enumerated, has come to light, notwithstanding tue jealous charity of the merchants to conceal the foibles of their friends, 11 is impossible to divine how many other blunders remain concealed. Itis also worthy of notice, that all of the vessels above stated, except the Chancellor, ‘ound bottom onthe outward bound voyage, and with fiae wea- ther and leading winds. - a G. W. B. seeks to cast the odium, if any, on the New York Pilots, of procuring the ot the laws of this State respecting pilows, This is not quite as disengenuous as might be expected trom one writ- ing by authority. That he writes by authority may reasonably be inferred from the closing paragraph of hig article, in saying, “I should not have written so much; but inthe judgment of friends, it was thought best that something should be said, and the public may rest assured that the Board of Commts- sioners will provide them with competent men” As to- the fact, whether the odium of procuring the repeal of the law, a8 G.W. B. would make it ap- pear, is to be attributed to no other interests only than that of the New York pilots, he is reterred to the report otjthe Assembly, of the 13th of March last. The meimory of G. W. B. should not have been so treacherousy when he who seek s to enlighten others, seemsto have been the first to have forgotten that in, that report it is explicidy declared, that “the shippi terests and underwriters of New Yorl * concur ia favor ot 2n open und unrestricted competi- aon; jough doubts may be entertained on the su their views are entitied to great weight and At the time this report was presented, Geu. Mather, then a member of the Assembly trom this city, in his speech on the subject, stated that the bullhad been framed advisedly, having been ma- upon grave consultation with not only the pi- , but with the board of underwriters, the cham- ber of commerce, the shipping merchauts and mer- tile co .munity generally. He was warranted in ‘ing this, from the tact of his having been present ago last Saturday, at a mecting in New York, where all these interests were represented.” After the ot the repeal act, the New. York licensed pilots offered to enier into an agree: meat with the chamber of commerce, to fix the rates ot pi e the same as established by the laws of and ’38, the services to be pertormed, the same ag they were prior to the opening of the law, which was to cruise ut sea in search of vessels, and to keep a boat on the station to take off pilots trom outward bound veseels, and to pertorm all other services which should be required in the execution of their duties; but because the New York licensed pilots declined accepting commissions trom this selt cc n- stituted body, who would make and unmake pilots at their sovereign will and pleasure, all their effurte to do justice to themselves and the mercantile com- munity, tuiled to rece ive the sanction of this uugust body, and the “glorious state of contusion” cum: plained of, is alone the evil uf that body, influenced 48 it is by such promoters of the pubhe good as ae to the loss of the Bristol and Mexico, to which G. WB. adverts, it 1s sufficient 10 Bay, that after an Inpartial inves gation by the Congrers of the Vnited States and. Grand Jury in this city, the New York tg were exouerated trom all blame. ‘The New York Pilors have oltea heard of such shipmasters aa G. W. B. tions, but as they have not yet the pleasure of knowing ine ge ded to, they reepectiully request G. W. 8 commuuicanon, will be pleased to introduce him to their sequaintance. | Oxk Wxo Unpgrstanps THe Susicr he importance of his letter is | ntleman allu- | B. in his next | d Fancy. The Erie Gazette that the steamboat Lex- ington came near being royed by fire on the 7th inst, on her passage from Cleveland to E: when first discovered, was blazing apparently eight feet high around the chimneys It wa: before tho fire was got under. The eng succeeded in letting the steam off below decks, which so thrust down the blaze thatthe mea could reach the seat ofthe fire. : x The U S. Dragoons stationed at fort Atkinson, have captured five Winnebagogs in Iowa territory, who are charged with the murder of Louis Hartz Dr. Rousseau, of Washington county, Iowa ter ritory, was drowned at Burlington, on the 2ad Inst. in attempting to cross the river on the ice. He was driving @ spaa of horses at the tims. Both horses broke througy the ice, but they were recovered ~oue of them nearly dead. ree 1 Governor Smith, Governor elect of Virginia, will be in Richmo d onthe 3ist of December, to enter into the duties of his office John Maller, a deck passeng*r on the steamer Defiance, fell overboard, at Louisville, on the 7th iast., | aad was drowned. The game of cheas between Messrs. Rosseau and Stanley, in Now Orisaas, stilt continues. Tne eleventh and twelfth games were played on the 12th instant, both of which were woa by Mec. Stanley. The re stands thus. Stanley, eight; Mr. Rosseau, three ; and one drawn game. J.B Backenstos, sheriff off Hancock county, re- cently tried unter an indictment for the death of a man during the troubles aa Hancock county, in Peoria, has beea pronounced by the jury, not guilty. It is probable that the election ia Louisiana, for a suiccessor in Congress, to supply tue place of Mr. Slutell, Minister to Maxico, will tak» plaice at the State election, 19th of Janvary. Hon. Enite Li Servo, it is sad, will be the democratis candidate. Tae whigs threaten to con test it, which will give the Plaquemine boys a chance to show their strengta. Tne police officers in New Orieans discovered beneat a plank, oo the 13ca instant, in aa alley-way in Bicaville, between Dauphio aal Bourbon streets, twenty two drafts deawa at Natchez, of different dates and gums, and on parties mostly ia the city, amount wum of $19 51495 They also overed, in the same place, a number of papers ani a small msmorandam book, supposed to belong to Extner Peale. Tae property thus found was stclen from on board the J about a fortnight since, when o reward of $100 was offsrad for its discovery. Davis, a slave of Lyle, Dividson & Co, and Charlas, a slave balongmg to Mr. Hyde, were boty ar- rested on charges of robbary, aad the latter of assauit. The frost of the 30th ultimo Killed’ nearly all the standing cane in St. Marya Parish, La. On Monday, at daylight, the temperatura was twenty seven and a half degrees.” Tnis, says the Auaner, was the severest cold w2 had to injure the cane since 1342 in that year the thermometer stood, at daylight, on tho 19th of November, at twenty-six degrees, ani tha cana was killed to the ground. [n 1832, on te 22nd of Octoher, we had a frost Waich killad the cane throughont thiv parish, before a hogshead of sugar was male. The crop of this year will be cat-short in our parlsa one-fourts, and in ali other parts of the state in proportioa. Some eastern operators, by ragning au express through Canata, got Detroit with the news of the Britannia’s arrival, and the rise in flour,a day or two | auead ef Uncle Sain’s siow mail coas From Datroit they pushed on to Chicago an! Milwaukie. Bat we doubt whether they took much by their motioa. flere at least, our produce dealers were not to be had, th if the news of the ateamar’s arrival had not reached here Wednesday night, they would have “bigged” some 13, 000 bushels of wheat at 6 or 8 cents less thanit is worth to-day.— Milwaukie Sentinel, Dec. 5 (cis a very difficult matter to understand the many propositions before the Missouri State Convention, in re- ard to the apportionment of representation ia the Legis- fature Almost every member has some scheme of his own, and ia this multiplicity of plans it is hard to say may be adopted An effort was made on the 0 come to soms understandiog as to the basis oi representation, and when that was accomplished it d that the other provisions of the constitu. 0 more easily settled. A resolution wes passe ', by a vote of 36 to 46, ing that free white tonavitants should be 1 e basis of representation, excluding all such as have not become permanent in habitants of the particular county where the census ts taken, Tne Convention, however, adjourned out adopting any plan relative to the appordonment af repre- sentation. E. R. Paul, Jacob Lyon, and Charles Brooks, ware arrested in Buffalo on the 17th iastaat, charged with obtaining money under false pretences. It ap pe red, a gentleman named Boals led at the Commer- cial Hotel, and gave into the hands of Paul three pack- yes, ous of which contained $550 Paul represented ‘elf as one of the proprievors of the house, aad agreed to del ver the packages toa boarder. It was for the recovery of thicproperty he was ariested, having ‘0 comply with bis promise. A letter to a commercial house in St. Louis, Coived onthe 11th instant, from Cape Girardeau, d Docember Sth, saya:—Passengers have been ing here all day from the Beaver Dam, fifteen miles below here, and they report the Olive Brauch still aground, after having thrown overboard 950 bags salt. The Herald is there, having thrown over 150 bbls. salt, but still in danger of breaking iatwo. The Missouri Mail ie also hard aground, and in a dangerous sitnation at the same place. The Brunette is also there, but succeeded io getting back off’ the bar, and tying up at the shore be- tore the river got quite so low. While at work in getting off, she swung against the bow of the Olive Branch, broke her cabin and deck gua ds aft, broke her rudder and sprung aleak. The passengers say that until to-day the boats could get neither fuel nor food trom the shore, ya account of the heavy fluating ice. They were re- duced to the last extremity; being out of wood and pro- visions for two or three days. [he passengers who came here, got ashore with cousiderable danger.— it, the citizens about Commerce were de- 1g pians for the relief and assistance of those yet en boat. Beaver Dam, where they are eground, now buttwo feet of water. The steamer Hiber- Girardeau, and after discharging part i started up, but finding only two anode Devil's Island, returned to Cape Gi- 1, Te~ ed rardeau. Execution or Moses Jounson.—Yesterday, st one o’clock, while the inhabitants of our city were engaged in the thousand busy employments ot lite, very solemn scene was transpiring within the walls of the Penitenti: A little before 12 M. the convicts were all assembied in the large worksh»p of the prison for re- ligious exercises. The State Guard, ander arms, stood inwrder behind them. The Sheriff's officers and a f spectators composed the rest of the assembly. After sppropriate hymn, the Rev. Mr. Hoge led in anad ress to the throne of grace, which he closed by fervent peti- ions in behalf ot the unhappy man who was so soon to be ushered into the eternal world. Then, an impressi discourse was delivered by Dr. Plumer, on the lst verse of the 51st Psalm, which was listened by all present with the most profound attent on. In his concluding re- marks, the Doctor addressed the pr.soner in a very so- temn and affectionate manner. After another hyma, the convicts, with the guard, withdrew to tne place of exe- cution. A few minutes still remained to the prisoner to be executed, during whica time the ministers present conversed and prayed with him. At last, the appointed moment arrived; the Sheriff entered; the fatel cord was adjusted, and the culprit fed to the gallows. Ho manifested very little emotion, and throughout all the services of the occasion, seemed less affected than many of the spectators, When the cart was driven from beneath him, he huag quiver- ing for a few minutes, when his spirit took its Aight to appear before the most awful of all tribunals, From what we have heard of this execution, we are more than ever convinced of the propriety of making these punishments private. ot a great number of lore were admitted, but we understand that even before the poor wretch was taken down from the gal- lows, among the convicts who stood in the galleries of ul ilding, as well as among the rabble wao were looking thro front gate, come we n talking and laughing im the most indecent manner, The law which condemus the m the gallow#is a righte- ous one, but we believe a deeper impr made by a Richmond Whig, Dec. 20 Tre Cueroxess.—We pereeive, says the Chero- kee Advocate, that the most vigorods and unpriaci- g pled efforts are mede, by diferent ea Cliques, to create the impression that Jam: Sewel Rider were killed account of their politics opinions and ai d that it was intended to strike a fatalblow at y Party, so called. To firther and strengthe: thousand of the wildost | and most malicious been fabricated and kept on the wing. T' falsehoods is most evi excitement and comm: certain ends may be will not do. We repeat that nothing politic. ciated with the recent exciteme: Politica nection whatever with it. It has all grown out of the foul deeds committed by certain of Start’s sons, 4 ‘and others of their gang, and to which there is itive and circumstantial evidence sone to convince any im- partial mind, that he was not only cognizent, but even the master spirit. The Advocate says that the present state of things in the Cherokee country, has been mainly brought sbour by white men. “There are men who have sold goods, Jent money, and given board, until certain, so called, ‘chiefs,’ ace now indebted to them tho: of dollars. ‘Their «nly chance of get:ing a copper is to foment diffi- culties, create dissensions, and bedevil the Cherokees, uotil, by @ mgular system of interference, slaucer, jalsegood and misrepiesentation, they can cejole the 6 Government, and create an apperent ne- cessity for the adoption of some measure tuat will de stroy our integrity, and thiow afew millions of dollary foto the hands of those ‘chiefs,’ aa mdemnity for the sup- they bave sustained’. There ae aged io this scheme of acquisition, 1B | indignant that the Ar- uch ready credence to the waggerations which reach thew to the, hite settlements, with’ bject of the fabricators of the Vetiey wich to create all ce 5 r 3 = £ 5 2 = 3 S of threatened violenc he borders of the State, &o.