The New York Herald Newspaper, September 29, 1845, Page 1

"ar ae tte THE NEW YORK HERALD. Wol. X1., Ho, 258 -Whole Ho, #130. Berwin, July 28, 1845. | Important Commercial Movements—Our Manufac- turing Operations—Progress of the New Refor- | mation—Railroads and their Tendency. | The political horizon continues without a cloud in this quarter of the globe, nor is there any appear- | ance of the peace and tranquillity of Prussia being disturbed ether by war of rumors of war; but the religious horizon 1s not so clear. » | At the present moment ee attention is chiefly engrossed by questions of internal policy, such as | the manufacturing interest, the construction of rail- roads, and other improvements. The situation of | the industrious classes gives rise to many complaints. | The operatives sulfer severely by the reduction of Wages, and the master manufacturers cannot aflord to raise them, as the prices of all goods, cotton, linen, and silk, are so low as hardly to leave any ‘ ‘These circumstances have led to meetings of several of the principal manufacturers trom dif- fevent parts of the country, who have concluded on petiuoning the governments of the Zollverein for ad- ditional protection by laying higher duties on foreign goods. [tis not improbable that 4 radical change in the systea: will ensue, and more especially in the eae of charging the duties by weight, which is iable to many objections. Thus the finer and lighter fabries are admitted comparatively at a trifling duty, which hardly enhances the price of the arucle, (such as the fine muslins of France and England, fashion- able light silk goods, &e. &c.,) although the wealthy classes would purchase them even if the prices were a good deal higher. Common English calicoes, on the other hand, are subject to an enormous duty, and the lower orders are compelled, therefore, to put up with an inferior article of this country’s man- ufacture. The next branch calling for higher pro- tective duties, are the cotton, linen and woollen spinning factories ‘The importation of cotton twist from Kagland into the Zollverein has gone on in- creasing tor several years, till ithas reached about 500,000 cwt., in 1844. There are indeed a number of spinning establishments in this. country, but they are unable te supply the demand for cotton twist e1- ther in quantity vrin quality, the amount produced being hardly one-fourth, and the numbers they spin not higher than 69’s. It is argued, however, that if the duty on importation (which since 1818 has been two Prussian dollars on 100 Ibs.) were raised to eight Prussian dollars on 100 Ibs. so many spinning mills would be established within the limits of the Zoll- verein as to supply all the demands of the weavers ; besides the impulse that would be given to naviga- tion by importing 500,000 cwt. of cotton-wool in Prussian ships from the cotten-growing countries on the other side of the Aulantic,direct to Prussian ports instead of buying it 2: Liverpool or at Hamburgh. The linen-thread used in Germany is nearly all spun by hand, a small quantity only by machinery. You are not aware that spinning flax by machinery is but of receng invention in England, where it hax been brought t@great perfection, and large quantities of linen yarn are annually exported thence to all parts of the globe. The importation into this country amounted last year to upwards of 40,000 ewt. Before this immense increase of spinning- mills for linen-thread, a considerable amount of hand-spun yarn was exported from Germany to Eng- land, and the change of circumstances not being foreseen at the time, it was thought uanecessary to provide against the importation of that article, and the duty was fixed at only half a Prussian dollar per 100 lbs. Since the introduction of machinery, how- ever, a complete revolution has taken place ; the German handspun thread 18 no longer exported, and many districts, where flax is spun in the old fash- ioned way by distaff and spinning wheel, (for in- stance in Silesia and Westphalia, where whole vil- lages and communities get their living by it,) have gradually lost their customers in the last eight or ten years, as it was found that the linen manufac- tured of machine yarn looked more even, and had altogether a better appearance than the hand-spun. They are now clamoring for a protective duty, and it is proposed to charge tour Prussian dollars for 100 -Ibs. on unbleached linen yarn, and five Prussian dollars on bleached and dyed. Woollen yarn is also imported from England in large quantities for the manufacture of stufls and hosiery, exceeding even the linen yarn in amount. In this department, aa.well as in the former, there have been many spinning mills established in various parts of the Zoilverein, but not sufficient for the consumption, or else their machinery is not adapted for producing the different sorts required for the woollen stufls now in use. The duty on this article has been hitherto | half a Prussian dollar per 100 Ibs. ; itis now proposed to raise it five dollars. A meeting of delegates from all the States of the Zollverein assembled lately at Carlsruhe (in the Grand Duchy of Baden), for the purpose of consult- ing on the various alterations which are to be adopt- ted in the tariff system. To this conference peti- tione have poured in from all quarters, praying ‘or further protection on all the articles enumerated, and many others “ too tedious to mention.” The duty on foreign iron was raised last year already; this aflects some of the railroad companies considerably, who did not take higher duties into calculation, when they contracted for their rails in England. An application has been made to Govern- ment in consequence by one of the companies, ask- ing permission to import their rails at the lower rate ot duty, as they were ordered under the old system, and would thus be subject to a_kind of expost facto law; but it isnot likely this petition will be granted On the whole there seems to be no doubt that the scale of duties will be raised, as some of the higher powers are in favor of ii, and great jealousy is en- tertained of the English manufacture. ‘The religious movement in Germany, of which I gave you some account in my last, is going ahead with considerable force and spirit. A number of Roman Catholic priests have joined the new chureh, some of whom are men of eminence and literary talent; tor instance, Dr. Schreiber at Frieburg in Baden, who was Protessor of Catholic Theology at that University, but has now formally renounced his allegiance to the Papal See. ‘The same step was taken by a learned ecclesiastic of Breslau, in Silesia, Protessor Theiner, who has lately joined the Ger- man Catholic Church. This sect cannot fail to ac- quire great consideration by men of such abilities taking the lead, and accordingly we find it progress- ing steadily, and spreading into several parts of Pro- testant Germany. It has penetrated to Wurtemberg, Hesse, Darmstadt, the Electorate of Hesse, and the free city of Frankfort, where congregations have been established, and the Protestant churches are opened to them with the sanction of the authorities, to perform their service in, during those hours of the sabbath when they are not occupied by the regu- Jar congregations. Ronge and Czerski continue to visit the cities and towns of Prussia, and to officiate as preachers to the new church, assisting at the same time in the selection of resident clergymen from such Roman Catholic priests as have seceded and declared for the reform. At Breslau, the mem- bers of this sect amount already to 6000 trom a pop- ulation of about £0,C00, where of about 29,000 are Roman Catholics. The Prussian minister ot reli- “ affairs, M. Eichhorn, does not appeat to view them with a very favorable eye, having refused hitherto to allow the Protestant churches under his jurisdiction, to be \sed by the German Catholics, (or Apostolic Catholic Christians as they call them. selves,) but the public in general take so great an interest in them, ()0. he will scarcely be able to hold out much longer. In the mean time their ser- vice is performed in the open air, in fields, church- hee and gardens, or else in private departments ‘n this city, the members amount to about 2000, and they have elected a clergyman of the name_of Brauner, who was formerly a Catholic priest in Bo- hemia, and gives great satisfaction. No other place of worship being open to them, they have been ac- commodated with the lecture room of the Gymna- sium (College), but this holds only 700 persons and is generally crowded. . The King and Queen are gone to the Rhenish pro- vinces, where they expect to meet Queen Victoria at the romantic palace of Stolzenfels, near Coblence, on the Rhine. A crowd of princes and potentates willbe ready to receive her, and a succession of splendid fetes and entertainments will grace her ar- rival. This will probably take place early next month, after her Majesty has first visited Coburg, Prince Albert’s birth-place, which she is very anx- ious to see, and where she will stay about a week and then proceed to Stolzenfels. You may easily imagine that grand military reviews and parades will not be wanting, as the Prussians value them- selves particularly on such matters, and everything here is conducted en militaire. Interna! improvements are quite the order of the day, and new railroads are being constructed from one end of the kingdom to the other, One of them, in a northwest direction, leading to Hamburg, a dis- tance of ubont 129 miles, is expected to be open in two years time trom this,or thereabouts. Another to the southwest, through the province of Thuringia, will coaneet this city with Frankfort on the Maine, hat when the French railways now in contem- plation aretinished, the journey hence to Paris yay be performed in fifty to sixty hours. A third aud most important railroad will soon be commenced to Konigsberg in Prussia, about 400 miles, to the enst of this eity. It was surveyed a short time since and the direction of the road approved of by govern- ment, and thos within a very few years one im- mense Viaduetory line will extend from borders of Spain to thore of Russia. The Prisons of the Anti-Renters at Delhi. NEW YORK, MONDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 29, 1845. | | | The above cut, from a drawing made on the spot by one of our corps of reporters at Delhi, gives an ac- curate idea of the temporary jails in which the anti- renters awaiting trial are confined, with the Court- House, Village Church, and Academy in the back ground. Upwards of one hundred prisoners occupy these log-cabins, which are guarded night and day by a strong body of the militia of the county. The County Jail is also filled. Every possible attention is paid to the comfort of the prisoners. They ure well fed, and are daily visited by a physician. Many of them are mere lads of sixteen or seventeen, who appear to take the matter very coolly. But the el- derly prisoners now begin to look quite dispirited, and are evidently alarmed at the turn matters have recently taken. Delhi 1s a beautiful village—situated ia a lovely val- ley and surrounded by lofty hills covered with forest trees. The court-house is a substantial and cone- modious edifice. Many of the private dwellings in the village are built ina very tasteful style. Among these may be mentioned the handsome cottages oc: cupied-by Judge Hathaway and Mr. Howe, the po master. Delhi was rapidly growing in prosperity and business before the insurrection broke out. It is to be feared, however, that it will experience for years, the bad effects of the spirit of outrage and rebellion that has manifested itself in the surround- ing districts. ay Anti-Rent Trials—Interesting Proceedings. Dexut, Sept. 26, 1845. Delaware Oyer and Terminer—Hon. 1. J. Parker, Pre- siding Judee—J. A. Houghton, Esq. District Attorney— Samuel Sherweed, Esq., of New York, Counsel for the People. ‘Tria. or Jonn Van Strenscrc ror Munpen—Se- conn Day. The Court met at 9 o’clock, and proceeded to empanel a Jury inthe case of John Van Steenburg. The Clerk called John McMullen—ehallenged to the favor by the District Attorney —set aside by consent. Cornelius Wainwright ci led—challenged to the fa- vor by counsel for prisoner. ihe After examination the counsel agreed to receive him as ajuror—he was accordingly sworn as a juror, and as a trier, in place of Mr. Hathaway. ; Ira Wood called—challenged by counsel for prisoner —set aside by consent. ‘Wm. Brownell called—set aside by consent. Jacob Hathaway called—challenged by defence. _ Examination—Has formed no opinion as to the guilt or innocence of the prisoner; has read the newspaper accounts of the affair at Earl's sale; thought they were not infallible; not so good as evidence. ‘The triers decided he was competent—challenged pe- remptortly and set aside. Daniel 8, Weeks called—challenged by defence. Has formed no opinion as to the guilt or innocence of the persons present, armed and disguised atthe Earl sale, where Steele shot; has heard nobody say they ought to be hung; challenge withdrawn. Mr. Weeks sworn as a juror,end as a trier in the place of Mr.Beards- ley. AParisonen ARRAIGNED. Wo. Brisnane, a celebrated Anti-Rent Lecturer, pre- sent at the Earl sale, was now arraigned upon an i dictment formurder, similar to those previously read. Plead Not Guilty. “This is the noblest Roman of them all.” He looked indeed a hero! erect,proud and undaunted; his eye flashed with indignation li Court asked like an imprisoned eagle. When the d employed counsel to defend drew himself proudly up to his full height,look- boldly and sternly in the face, and with a ind broad Scotch accent, inquired how he was counsel, or any thing else, while cooped up in yonder jail. With flushed face and excited manner, his hend eloquently extended, he was proceeding when Mr. Gordon interposed and whispered him to be silent. He obeyed the friendly advice, but his lips compressed, and he held his breath with difficulty. His expression was one of resolution and defiance. It seemed to say—"‘Oh ! for freedom and an equal chance on my own native Highlands, and [ would ask no favor from Up-Renters ; and I confess I should pity any man whom he encounter- ed in enmity. He is said tobea man of great natural abilities, possessing extraordinary influence with the masses, but to what purposes have they been turned ? ‘The Court proceeded with empanelling the jury. Wm. A. Mituany called.—Challenged by District At- torney. Examination. —Lives on lensed lands; has frequently d the opinion that the original title of the land- lords to the lands ly ing between the two branches of the Delaware River was not good, but has become so by possession ; does not belong his sympathies, however cause o to an anti-rent association ; ave been enlisted in the the anti-renters ; has been bail for one of the t the request of his wi'e ; has some conscien- ples about capital punishment; they would im, however, in rendering a verdict in a cordance with the law and the facts ; thinks the distre: warrant should be abolished question wh this question | propose to ad honest and impertisd. nifested to been ma- here present by withdrawing a challenge to yourselves and allowing you to be the triers for the jury, and that whole panel, up renters as you are known tobe. The Counsel for the prisoner have a responsible duty to per- form, and must perform it so that if his blood be shed it shall not be found in our skirts. It is not the people of this court room alone—the eyes of the whole State are uponus. A man’s blood must not be shed in this land of law without sufficient reason. ‘This juror is challenged by the District Attorney for favor, not on the ground that ho is an anti-renter himself, but entertains feelings and prejudices generally in their favor. ‘That he regards the title of the landlords valid and perfect by possession that they have the right, though he doubts the pro- priety of allowing them to collect their rents by distress warrant. That he resides in the midst of the anti-rent- ers, but is opposed to all and every kind of force and all nce to law. That he has aided in procuring ¢ prisoner at the request of his wife, and account of the sympathy he felt for her in’ distre: Now, it is f this man is to be ide, eve: man will be, not pledged against us, and the pack a jury of ‘their choice. in the midst of the anti-renters—but fow ple will be permitted to his man ness than he has done, in remaining » eas les of law andorder. He doubts t icy and it ustice of fresrentocing to landlords peculiar facilities in the collection of rents—to have the power of rendering judgment in their own 116 their own execut: ‘o levy and collect then aie their own constal and in this respect, as you hi heard, he differs in no- hing from his Honor the Judge, who charged the Grand Jury at the opening of the Court. It is known that | have no personal interest in ell this matter, that my only pro- fessional action on this subject has been in opposition to these violations it | warn landlords that unless they yield to these men their just and equal rights, in a spirit of conciliation, kindness and forbearance, there will come down upon them, from these hardy men, who have cultivated and subdued these harder hills, a storm indignation thet will sweet, them away forever. “If they will sow dragons teeth, let them expect to reap a ng) Fig lll] ul Zain Hin ) HSS : | ry si hf fia y q f harvest of armed men.” But the counsel for the people say that the ground of favor is shown by his aiding in procuring bail fora prisoner, at the request of his wile— on account of sympathy fer her situation. Must we then forego the sympatbies ofour nature, and forget that we are men. I must confess that my sympathies have been strongly excited by the scenes I have witnessed since I came to this place, and I would despise myself, if | could go to yonder log pens, and see 200 wretched men, whose blood 1s sought by an excited populace,—the voice of pity I have not heard in these streets, but only the lan- guage of denunciation and vengeance,—yes, | would despise myself, if | did not sympathize with and pity the ay and widowed mothers of some of these prisoners, who have come 20 miles on foot, without a shilling to pay their ‘expenses,to see their sons in jal ‘awaiting their tal, ‘The counsel inquired of the juror, if he had no scru- ples of conscience in finding a verdict against a man that would result in a sentence of death. He was answered that he had not; but since he came here he began to feel he might be wrong; and who does not, at this exhibition of a keen desire for wholesale butchery—thus attempt to late acounty ? The learned counsel concluded by saying—give us a fair and impartial jury, and we are content; but do not permit the people to pack sucha jury asthey please, for the county will not be satisfied. | Samvurt Suenwoon, Esq., counsel for the people, rose in reply. He eaid :—-1 had hoped from the character of counsel, {rom their talent, their ab ies, that this cause would be conducted with’ propriety ; but it seems they have thought proper to go into other matters, which ex- cite the feelings—to talk of packing juries, &c.,with the same object. They had alleged that there was no title in the landlord save possession. [Mr. Saxprorp here explained, that he had said the eens ‘was not good, but had been made so by pos- session. Mr. Suenwoop continned.—I have, when I first com- menced the trial of causes, examined the title to these jonds, and am surprised to hear counsel say there is no title. ‘The title nus been fully ucknowledged by govern ment, and is fully established. It is asked, why give the landlords the distress warrant? For the best reason—if you did not, he would never give his property into the nds of the tenant. The learned counsel talked about vacked juries. What does he mean? Have they not been summoned? ‘The expression could only be used for bad purposes. We have been told we shall bring a storm down upon us. What storm? Who fears the storm? Do your duty and there will be no storm—save the one here—“a tempest in a teapot.” ‘There is no other storm to fear. Mr. Sherwood went on to show that Mr, Millard was enlisted in the cause of the anti- renters, and, therefore, unfit to serve upon the yury ‘The Court remarked to the triers that there were but two sets of men who were immediately interested in this question of Anti-Rentism—the landlords and the tenants— the one was interested in the collection of rents, the oth- er in resisting their collection; both were therefore unfit toserve on this jury. But excepting these, any man without bias might serve. The great mass of the com- munity were not of this class, vor should an expression of opimion that the laws should be enforced, disqualify. This man was a tenant, however, and his feelings were enlisted in favor of their proceedings. The court reviewed the whole testimony, and the tri- ers set Mr. Millard aside. Givvon B. Beannstry called—Challenged by Defence ~Has formod an opinion that all the men at the Earl sale disguised and armed were guilty of murder. Challenge for favor withdrawn. Challenged peremptorily—set aside. Wo. H. Manwanine calfed—Challenged by Defence— After examination declared to be competent. Challenged peremptorily—set aside. a Hanuman Treaowert called—Challenged by Defence —Resides in East Franklin. There has been great ex- citement there; have expressed opinions on the subject of Anti-Rentism; has been called to serve on a posse; has said the affair at Earl’s was an outrageous affair; thinks those who fired at Steele were guilty of murder; has three sons on the posse; has read the newspapers; has formed an opinion that some of the persons engaged at the Earl sale were guilty of murder; some of man- slaughter, some of misdemeanor; desires some of them should be hung; has no feeling against the prisoner. Mr Gorpox was sworn and testified to the fact, that Steenburgh’s name was in the indictment as one of the murderers of Steele. Set aside. Joux Munson called—Challenged by District Attor- sy, on the ground that he applied to the Court at sume ‘ae previous, to have his expenses paid. It was shown, however, that he had_paid his expenses himself ; has a brother-in-law (John Phoenix) indicted for murder, Set aside by consent. Wa. K. Owen called—Chatlonged by Defence—has been on the posse; has formed an opinion that the men assembled at Earle’s armed and disguised, would not be executed, except the ringleaders; has’ no prejudice against the prisoners. Challenge withdrawn. Mr. Owen sWorn as a juror, Janes McLean called—Challenged by Defence—Has formed no opinion, Challenge withdrawn, Mr. McLean sworn as a juror. Wa. H. Oakley called—Challenged by Defence.—Has formed no opinion—might have said those who were at Earle’s sale would be held responsible—those who gave the command and shot Steele would be guilty of murder, Has held no conversations with any one on the subject of the late difficulties. Challenge withdrawn—Mr.Oak- ley sworn es a juror, Elijah C. Smith called —Challenged by Detence.—Has a son and cousin on the posse. Thinks some of the peo- ple at the Earle sale guilty of murder; thinks Larle would be considered as guilty of murder ; has no strong prejudices. Sct aside. John Renwick called—Challonged by the District At- torney.—A witness was called who testified thet Ren- wick had declared himself strongly opposed to the pro- ceedings of the posse, aad said he was en, Anti-renter. Sot aside by consent. ;, Wm, Crammer called—* torney. Set aside by consent. Walter Bennett called —Thought his feelings would prevent his giving a fair and impartial verdict. Set aside ny consent. Wm. Gladstone called Warren Green calle: counsel for prisoner, Set a. Wm Reed, Jr. called—cha' lenged peremptorily. Set asid The Court now gave notice that the panel of jurors was exhausted Up to this time there were five jurors sworn, and the counsel for prisoner had exhausted six of their twenty peremptory challenges. Judge Panken by consent of counsel, directed Deputy Sheriff Scott to summon fitty talesman from the body of the county out of the viliage of Delhi. Court adjourned till to-morrow morning, at 9 o'clock, Henson, Sept. 27, 1845. The Big Thunder Trial—The Beauty of our City—The ‘Suming up of A. L. Jordan, Esy.—The Jury, §e. $0. The evidence in this important trial is at length brought toaclose, and whether Dr. Boughton is or is not the Big Thunder of Copake, that mighty monster whose hydra head and fantastic costume so frightened our sheriff last winter, will soon be decided; an alihi has been proven strongly and clearly, and the attempt made by the prosecution to impeach the character of those proving it, has been decidedly and utterly futile. The general impression throughout the city is, that the Dr will go clear. This may seem to some as the effect of py: but to all impartial and candid minds who have been in attendance and heard the evidence for and against the prisoner, the conclusion must be inevitable, that Big Thunder is not Dr. Boughton. Our Court House, for the last week, has assumed rather a recherche appearance, and the sombre walls and cold formality of a criminal court turned into a heaven of sun-shine i! the smiles and beauty of our pretty women. Oh! for a pen dipped in the golden rays of the setting sun, to describe them ! It would be wrong to individualize, but to correct the mistake of one of your correspondents of this’ city, I will state that the bright eyed, rosy cheeked, and languishing Mies W~——, is not Henged by the District At- Sot aside by consent Shallenged peremptorily by nged by Defence —Chal- of Jersey city, but the interesting and accom daughter of General W—, of Sing Sing, whom Rumior reports to be engaged in marriage to the Prince of Lindenwold. Counsellor Jordan is now summing up on behalf of the prisoner, and it is thus far the greatest nisi prius eflurt | have ever heard. He sifts, turns over, and twists the evidence adduced by the prosecution, in such a sarcastic manner, that makes the audience almost voluntarily applaud. Upon Sheriff Miller in particular, he poses out the chunk bottles of his wrath, pies and malignantly. His remarks will most probably take up he Whole day and evening. The ladies appear to be cedingly delighted with his witticism and jesting, which occasionally intersperso his address. ‘The Attorney General will commence on Monday, and the case be submitted to the jury on Tuesday afternoon. The jury seom very much fatigued. P Cuucaco, Ill, Sept. 4, 1845. Strides of the West—Herr Alexander and his skill: Well—here 1 am inthe “ prairie city” of the west —and a city, it is too, that surprises every one who visits it. Only think of a place like this, growing up in the wild prairie, in the short space of ten years. {t mow contains over twelve thousand inhabitants, and is certainly the most business-looking place west of Buffalo. It has nothing, however, of pic- turesqueness about it, for it is built upon a level pra- rie, at the pot where the Chicago river empties into the lake. It is, however, laid out with rega- larity, with wide streets and good plank side walks, and really has some fine houses. On the west, you see the boundless prairie, stretching as far as the eye can reach, interspersed with little wooded islets, with pretty farm houses peeping from their friendly shelter. On the east is the grand expanse of Lake Michigan, with its bright sanded shore, and clear blue waters. The harbor, here, is an ex- cellent one; indeed, the best on the lake, and is crowded now with steamers and shipping. You can have no idea of the amount of trade at this point. To see the streets crowded with wagons of wheat—the vessels loading from the warehouses, and the constant stream of travellers coming ani going in crowds on every steamer, weuld surprise even you. In faet, it seems that the place must have grown up by magic—that no human agency could, in so short a space, accomplish so great a change. 3 By the way, speaking of magie, puts me in mind ot Herr Alexander, the great German magician, about whom we have heard so much through the southern press. He has been in this city for a week . Louis, Sept. 1845. | | ‘Trade of St. Lous—Number of River Boats—Abo. | hitionists and Abolition of Judge Lynch—Mes- | meric Office Holders—Political Parties—Their | Situation in the West. | Why don’t youhave a regular correspondent in , our growing and prosperous city—one who would | represent correctly the views of our citizens, upon,| the various questions that arise, and enlighten the , benighted of the East? It is really amusing to hear what opinions are formed of the Westby citizens of | the East. A writer in the Herald, who calls himself a wag, and who has wagged away up into ** Lowa,” speak- ing of St. Louis, says: “1 strolled along the wharf to see if | could, ina few weeks, get a passage up the Mississippi river into the frontier wilds” Had the writer perused the columns of the Herald for | the past few years, le would not have made such a great display of ignorance as in the above.— For the benefit of your numerons readers, | will state, that when the rivers are ina fair stage, they can be accommodated with passages up the Illinois, Mississippi and Missouri rivers, daily. There are some eight regular packet boats plying up the Illi- nois, making a trip a week, and so arranged as to leave daily, Sundays excepted. On the Mississippi, four packets, making each two trips per week to Keokuck, which is at the foot of the lower Rapids ; there are besides 8 to 10 which run above Burling- ton, Bloomington, Galena and Dubuque, and as far np as St. Anthony Vatls. The Missouri packets | make their regular trips to Lexington, Independence |and Westoa. Occasionally a boat visits Council | Bluffs; and once a year the American Fur Compa- | ny send a boat upto the Yellow Stone, 2700 miles | | abeve us, with provisions for their companies, and ! bring, on their return, the result of their winter's trappings. lad those who live inthe an opportunity of witnessing the bustle and act on our levee, and the large stores upon Main, Mar- ket, Fourth, and other streets, they would not call ita benighted place ; and were they to see our ac- complished, gayly attired ladies, as they promenade our several streets and avenues, they weuld not ask what kind of dresses are worn by St. Louis ladies. Auother writer, who asks permission to addres a few lines to the Herald from the city of mounds, in ‘speaking of those who assist the slaves in escaping, says—“‘If one of those agents should be caught, de- pend upon it he would have justice meted out to him, without fear, favor or partiality, from that eccentric old gentleman, Judge Lynch.” The writer may wish to see such persons strung up, but when he speaks of our citizens wishing such punishment meted out to them, he greatly misrepresents them P Varteties, Christopher Hughes, the late American Minister at the Hague, received, upon closing his relations with the Dutch Government, a note trom the Minister of Foreign Affairs, conferring upon him, by command of the King, the “Cross of a Commander of the Order of the Oaken Crown.” Mr. Hughes, in his reply, thanked his Majesty for the honor thus intended to be conferred upon Yat declined the honor of the nomination, in- asmuch as all orders of knighthood were repugnant to the institutions of his country. Two new kinds of wheat have recently been in- troduced into this country—one from Oregon and one from China, From some experiments, made this year, in Frederick county, Maryland, the Oregon wheat pro- duced fifty bushels to the acre,and the China wheat fifty- five bushels. ‘The China wheat was originally obtained from a box of China ware brought from the north of China, in which a few heads were found. The Oregon | wheat was discovered in that territory by a missionary in 1839 Profeasor Richardson, of the Medical Faculty of Transylvania University, having deceased, the Facult invite from the members of the medical professi¢ cations for the Chair of Obstetrics and the Di Women and Children. The appointment will be a per- manent one, and the person selected is required to make Lexington, Kentucky, his permanent residence A man jumped everboard from the steamer United States, on the 22nd instant, (about fifteen miles from Cleveland, and was drowne js name was John Nel- son, that he was deranged, lived near Sandusky, came on board at Huron, in charge of his wife, who was taking him to his friends in the State of New York. Captain Whitaker immediately put about and made search for him, but as quite a soa was running, without success. Hunter Hill, charged with the murder of Major ith, was brought on to Norfolk, on Friday morning, in the steamer from Baltimore, and was the most abject looking creature that was ever see! praying during the whole of the pas: y. He was immediately taken to Suffolk, and on passin; through Portsmouth he begged and prayed in the most piteous manner not to be handcuffed. We learn from the New Haven Palladium, that a disgraceful fracas occurred in New Milford, on Friday PA last, between Perry Smith, formerly United States Sena- | tor, and George Peck, who tenants a farm near by. The ex-senator is said to have grossly insulted Peck, and re- ceived in return a most unmerciful flogging. The potatoe disease which made its appearance in this country last year, but which happily is less pre- valent the present season, has extended to the British Province of New Brunswick, and in some districts has done great damage. Mrs. Sigourney, who has long been dangerous] ill of bilious fever, is, we are happy to hi ‘con’ cing. We learn also, from another quarter, that M Marsh, the distinguished representative of Vermont, was quite recovered from a long indisposition. Mr. Whitney, the projector of the great railroad from the northern Lakes to the Oregon Territory, arriv- ed in St. Louis, on the 20th inst., from the Missouri. He has been ona tour of exploration of the route for this reat work. Leaving the Mississippi at Prairie du Chien, he crossed over to the great Bend of the Missouri, an While we hold the man who entices the slave from his master in utter contempt, and would gladly use every legal means to have the fiend arrested,still we have an abiding confidence in the laws of our State, and place implicit reliance in the officers to enforce them, and believing that the punishment is sufficient to bring those fanatics to their senses, without calling in the aid of that eccentric“‘old gentleman.” We have given strong evidence thatno more Lynching shall done witain our city, in the instance of those black villains who sent two amiable and much be- loved young men to their untimely grave and fired the building of Collier & Morrison, at which a fire- man lost his life. The inhuman beings had a fair and impartial trial, were convicted lawfully, and their lives were demanded as an appeasement of vio- lated law. Let no one name Teich law as a tavorite of the St. Louisians after our having given ample proof to the contrary. i A ‘The act that has cast reflection upon our city, by the barbarous treatment to a slave some years ago, who at once dispatched two worthy citizens and sent them to their account Sanhonsel’d, unanneal’d,” has been condemned in the strongest manner, and at this EN no one pretends to justify the rash act,though all believe he deserved death. Jn the interior counties there aresuch a lot of vagabonds, counterfeiters, horse stealers, and all manner of rascals, that itis impossible to convict them, for the reason that they bring forward some of their own gang, who have no regard to the solemnities of an oath, and by them prove an alibi, and thereby escape merited punish- ment, In those counties they endure them until for- bearance ceases to be a virtue, and then resort to s, and compel them to leave the country. | Two of those implacable foes to the slaveholding States, negro stealera—whom the good Christians, orderly loving, law abiding citizens of the east term abolitionists—are making themselvesffamiliar with the interior of a massive building, at our seat of government. Beware of your agents or representa- tives, who are detected enticing slaves from their owners; they too may learn some useful lesson with- in the walls of our penitentiary. The old Democratic party is divided into hards,or hunkers, and softs; the hards control all offices both State and Government. But one soft has been se- lected by President Polk. The question is asked how came he to receive the appointment? But one plausible answer can be given; and that is, that the President, imagining trouble ahead, was desirous of having some one who could see into futurity, so as expresses himself highly gratified with the soil and ca- pacity of the country to sustain a dense population, and with the favorable chara rize which he proposes and urges with so much . Whe party—seven in numbe:—are in excellent health. A Mr. Jared Way, of Lauderdale Co. Miss.,. was most inhumanly mutdered afew days ago. His bo- dy was pierced by six or seven shot in the right side, and several stabs in the left. His throat was cut twice from ear to ear, and he was otherwise mutilated. The body was found in a field, about thirty yards from the fence, and there were evident signs of a desperate struggle. No clue to the dreadful deed. A debate on slavery will take place in Cincinnati on the Ist of October, between the Rev. N. L. Rice an the Rev. J. Blanchard. Question—Is the practice of slave holding in itsel inful,and the relation betwee master and slave, asinful relation? Mr. Blanchard firms— Mr. Rice denies. ‘The Hon. John P. Kennedy, M. C. for Baltimore, has commenceda series of addresses to the mechanics and workingmen of his district, in the Patriot, on the danger of the abrogation of the Tariff. ‘There were a large number of converts to Mor- monism on board the steamboat Rochester at Albany, on Friday night, en route for Nauvoo, most of whom were from Lowell, Mass. Bosworth C. King, of Onondaga, has left that place under charge of various forgeries committed at the Syracuse Banks. He has heretofore been considered ® respectable man. ; Gov Stratton, of New Jersey, has issued a pro- clamation for the election ofa member to Congress, in the place of the Hon. 8. G. Wright, deceased. ‘The eleo- tion is to take place on the 4th of November next, According to the last census, the gross population of the West India Islands was 888,209. The number of slaves emancipated, according to the compensation re- turns, was 663 899, A remarkable cave, once a refuge of the early Christians of Africa, as appears from inscriptions, had been discovered near Gue' The Arabs never dared to enter lest they “ should be seized by its guardian an- el. M. Thiers has gone to Spain to survey the battle grounds for a graphic narrative of Napoleon's Spanish compelgns. ssa The Grand Jury of the United States District Court, have found a true bill against Samuel Foxcraft, for making spurious quarter do of the United States coin. Hon. G. W. Terrell, late Texan Ministerto France and England, returned to this city in the Hope How: on Tuesday last, and left by the Houston steamer next morning. Gen. T., we ate happy to, state, come back somewhat improved in his health, which has long past, exhibiting his almost supernatural feats of | to be on his guard to meet or head the hunker party. | been delicate.—Galveston Gazette. diablerie. Ihave never seen anything at all ap- proaching the wonderfal skill with which he per- forms his feats. He seems to do just what he pleases, to set at naught all the laws of nature—having al- most control over the minds of his audience. I have seen all the most celebrated jugglers who have hitherto visited our country, but Herr Alexander isnot to be classed with th sides being a man of finished education, he 1s a perfect gentleman in his manners, with prepossessing ap- pearance, and the finest eyes I ever beheld. He evidently regards his profession as a science, and seems as much delighted with his experiments as any one else. I was informed to-day by a gentle- man of this city, to whom Herr Alexander brought letters, that he came to this country with the high- est testimonials as to his character, and recom- mending him to the confidence of the American people as a man every way worthy of their patron- age. But you will see him for yourself, for | hear he is soon to be in New York. Let me bespeak for him in advance your favorable notice. While [ am writing, I must not torget to say to you that should you make this “trip of the Lakes,” to secure a room on board the steamer Nile, Capt. Van Allen. This is the pleasantest and safest boat on the Lakes—quiet in motien—and always clean and neat in all her appointments. I am just about taking a trip to the celebrated Rock river country, and wall try and write you from Galena. Mr. Bennerr:— You have, doubtless, seen in the Spirit of the Times during the last twelve months, a series of sketches signed “G. de L.,” purporting to be extracts from the writer’s journal, kept by him while on service in Florida. The writer, it can easily be seen, belongs to the 8d Regiment of Infantry, fom the continual glorification which he bestows upon that regiment, and I suppose few who know him have failed to re- vognize Lieut. Hl. under his assumed nom de plume. My object is not to eriticize these extracts, but to cull attention to an article in the Spiris of the Times of August 23d, in which the writer claims for the 6th Regiment of Infantry the credit of having ‘‘ many @ time and oft” gone over the ground in the vicinity of the ‘*Ocklockonee” river, (in Middle Florida) before the 3d Regiment had entered Florida or even suspected they would be ordered there. That all this is true is well known to the Army at large, and ought to have been known to Lieut. H.; but the claimant of justice to the gallant 6th, (which saw more hard service than any other two regiments ever in Florida) has omitted to state that (in addition to the scouts on the ‘* Ocklockonee” he has enumera- ted,) five companies of that regiment, in conjunction with several companies of the det Regiment of Infan- try, (the whole under command of Col. Davenport of the Ist) ** scouted,” thoroughly, the country*both east and west of the “ Ocklockonee” in February, 1840; this last, also, before the 3d Infantry had e! tered Florida. The spirit which has led ‘*G. de L.-’ to glority his own regiment is a good one, but he is old enough both in years and rank, to know that he should not be guilty of injustice to other regiments, while upholding the merits of his own; which, by the way, is too well known and gallant a corps to require any such proceeding, as its merits are of the highest order, and it will, no doubt, add to the lau- rels it already possesses, others gathered in ‘Texas, (where it now is) provided it has a chance. These remarks are due, in justice, both to the 6th and Ist Regiments of Intantry, as the sketches,‘which have called them torth, have been so widel circulated, and you will, no doubt, give thema place in your widely disseminated journal. U.S.A Pinine ur Joxes.—Speaking of wags—what is more waggish than a dog’s tail when he is pleased 2 Speaking 01 tails—we always like those that end well Hogg’s, or instance. Speaking of hogs— these animals the other day lying in t the opposite one a well ¢ d man ; the first had a ring in his nose, the latter had a ring on his finger. ‘The man was drunk, the hog wai “A hog is known by the company he k }0 thought Mr. Porker, ing of going off, puts usin mind it went off one night, and we king of guns reminds us gun; not the bust.—N. 0. Picayune, and off he pt e once owned, je; obselety idea—and it Now this officer is a firm believer in mesmerism, clairvoyance, &c., and with his subject, Charley— who has been ruralizing at the “Shades,” a well known resort near our city, preparatory doubtless to some great undertaking, the result of the Mexican war, the Oregon Question, the 5 and 7 stars, or who ate to have the printing of the next Congress—pro- fesses and confidently believes he can foretell with certainty what is to happen. Such an officer would be quite an acquisition to the administration. And who knows but President Polk took that qualifica- tion into consideration when he conterred the office upon him. The appointment is looked upon as a good one, and gives general satisfaction. The Democrats of our State have things all their own way. For fear of losing their power, the legis- latures at their respective meetings have increased the number of counties until they have got to 96 The Constitution allows only 100 members in the lower house, and each county is entitled to one member; so St. Louis come with her 60,000 inhabi- tants, is placed on a par with a back county contain- ing only a few hundred. A Convention isto be held the 3 Monday in November to form a new Consti- tution. Representation, Banking, the Election of Judges, are the leading questions which will be agi- faced inthe Convention. The parties in that body will be Democrats 48, Whigs 14, Native American 4. The revision of our lawe, authorized last winter, was conferred upon a democrat who hails from Newton county, the most remote south western county inthe State, binding on Arkansas and the Indian territory, and the printing given to the Mis- sourian—a hard paper. This paper claims the print- ing as aright from the several locofoco offices in the region of our city, and made quite a fuss because amistake was made in one instance, and taken to the Republican. The tobacco inspectors for the two warehouses in our city were selected from an interior county, where scarce a hogshead is seen, but it is all for the good of the party, and to appease some noisy politicians, old inspectors who first sug- gested the idea of an inspection in our city, and commenced in an old frame warehouse, must stand aside and make room for those who are of service to the party, and all for the benefit of the dear peo- ple. Kum ing still reigns in Missouri. Your .Washington letters are perused with much interest. The question is often asked how does Bennett—whose name is as familiar to the ear as our old Sol Smith—get the earliest information from the prison houses; even Father Ritchie, who 1s supposed to be in the secrets, has hard work to keep up with you. Lanp GrantINe In Georcia.—The Georgia Jour- nal of the 9th inst says the last week at the Capitol has been one of great excitement. To the astonishment tizens, at least four or five hundred persons from State, on Tuesday last, presented themselv ted lands. About four thousand applicati , and it took the Trea- snrer,with the assistance of four clerks, near two days to receive the money and the applications. When this wax over, the lists for the drawing had to be mad «i upon them ten clerks immed! went to worl nd, by working aight and day, ed them so that the lotter: commenced on Friday noon, was continued until near midnight on Saturday night, and it closed on yester- day about 12 o’clock, Never, before, in the same length of time, was there so large an amount of business disposed of in the State House. The grants are now pass: ing with?great rapidity and will all, inten or twel days, be recorded and ready for delivery to the fortunate drawers or their agents. Ixptan Hostinrties.—The Arkansas Intelligencer of the 30th ult., states that the Indians on the fron- tier are quiet and eable, with the exception of the Rickapoce sii who are arrayed in arms each other. The Camanches have aid that the should not hunt upon the prairies, and the lat, sted by volunteers from several small any ibes, have proceeded to the bunt fully pre t the Camanches in battle if they are molest- es lately took a “‘little king” of the i} detained him some time, intend- “put finally released him. He is iribe, and has gene out with the | Kickapoos prisone: ing to put him to d very popular with The Alton Telegraph says: We deeply regret to state that Schuyler Strong. one of the most distin- guished members of the Illinois Bar, put a period to his existence, at his residence in Springfield, a few days since. Treubles of Marketmen. Drak Sir :— r Daring the ee month, the Corporation, of your city has passed an ordinance pzeventing the farmers bringing their produce in wagons to the Washing- ton market from Lif date atte a block of the said market. To this most inconvenient and bur- densome restriction, | ask, tor a moment, to call pecs attention. Until the preseat time, it has ever een the uninterrupted habit of the farmer to drive his team up to the market, where he might despatch his sales with tolerable comfort to himself and pur- chasers. Now, placed’off at a distance, unable to watch, and benefit himself by the daily fluctua- tion in prices, or ascertain the most saleable com- modily for his morrow’s load ; subjected to the ex- pense, labor and annoyance of hand-carriage ; the ready game for speculators and basket stealers, in view of the precedents he has enjoyed, he deems this exhibition of Aldermanic authority an unright- eous innovation. But it is not of the inconvenience only, to which he is put, that he would complaia.— You will observe that this ordinance refers only to those transporting their produce in wagons ; the al- leged reason being that these wagons render the street impassable—the which reason, let me add, is an exaggeration, save on particular occasions. Now, Sir, by far the largest proportion of the summer ag- ricultural supplies of your market 1s broughtin boats from the shores of Long Island and New Jersey. order to be able to compete with our brethren who are possessed of the facility of such transportation, it is necessary that we should meet them in market upon the equal footing of like convenience fer our purchasers, and like Dah Ares and privileges for ourselves, But of these, the “City Fathers,” as they are called, have disinherited us of the unjust and un- merited inferiority they assign us, forsooth, because nature gave us no broad bay on which to float our cabbages and beans, do we complain. There is reason and equity in our complaint, and we ask re- dress. As to the assigned cause for our being ag- grieved that wagons render the street impaneabion 1 have before said that it was an exaggeration, except on perhaps some one or two occasions. I know ef none myself ; but I will not contradict the “Fathers.” Besides, 1 have always believed, and I have thought general matter of beliet, that this market was in- | tended for the importation and sale of saeh products as our wagons are laden with. | cannotforbear men- tioning an incident in connection with this recent ordinance the morning after its enactment. A farmer, whose intelligence and uprightness, as well as mild and amiable deportment have won him the respect and esteem of all who have the happi- ness to know him, on this morning, wnaware of what decision had been arrived at upon this subject, drove up, as usual, to his accustomed stand, when he was peremptorily told to leave, and occupy an altogether different spot. He enquired simply the reason why, when he was assailed by most violent abuse and imprecations—his horses taken by the head and recklessly backed, to the imminent dan- er of upsetting his wagon, and destroying his whole vad. On expostulating, he was c it by the throat, thrown down, severely beaten, then, with his clothes torn im rags, dragged off to the watchhouse, whence, after considerable difficulty on the part of his friends, in gaining a full comprehension of the truth, he was at last extricated. The ruffian whe attacked him was a member of the Police! I would suggest to the “City Fathers,” that such a creature as this requires a removal from his old position, as wellas the wagon of Your obedient servant, Lona ISLANDER. Siax or a Tevrove Wiwrer.—It is a remarkable fact, that bees, this year, so iar as we can learn, says the ‘Harford, (Md.,) 7¥mes, have almost universally re- fused to swarm; and in some instances, after filling their himself upon the Camanches. had a hard battle with the Camanches, killing one hun- dred of bee and teking pi er the wife of the princi> pal warchiet hives, they have commenced laying up store on the out- side Such extraordinary conduct of these weather wise and provident insects, it is thought, indicates a win- tor of wnustal length and severity,