The New York Herald Newspaper, June 21, 1845, Page 1

THE NEW YORK HERALD. NEW YORK, SATURDAY MORNING, JUNE 21, 1845. Vol. X1., No. 169-—Whole No. 4031. ADAMS & CO.’S EXPRESS. | FIFTEEN DAYS LATER FROM EUROPE. ARRIVAL OF THE | STEAMER AT BOSTON. DECLINE IN COTTON. FOREIGN INTERFERENCE IN AME- RICAN AFFAIRS. arrival of Two Overland Mails from INDIA AND OHINA. ~ABDICATION OF DON CARLOS. PROSPECTS OF A BAD HARVEST IN G, BRITAIN. ADVANCE IN CORN. NEW SLAVE CONVENTION. Maynooth Biil in the House of Lords. Se. Ste. dic. Ke The Caledonia, Capt. Lott, arrived at Boston at one o’clock Thursday afternoon. She left Liverpool on the 4th inst.,and brings Lon- don and Liverpgol papers to that date. The cotton market was more depressed and prices had fallen off an eighth of a penny a pound on some qualities. This decline is the most important piece of intel- ligence brought by this steamer. In all other points of view the news is of very little interest to the ge- neral reader. There are, however, several developements made in the French papers relative to the English and French intrigues in Texas and Mexico, which are important enough to us, and which throw an addi- tional interest around the Annexation question. The money market was in a healthy state, and good paper readily discounted at 2k to 3 per cent. The protracted winter, and the unseasonable spring, had caused the corn trade to “look up.” In the West India staples of sugar, coffee and cocoa, there had been a good deal of business done, and prices had revived. Allapprehens.on of hostile collision, arising out of the Oregon question, had-disappeared. The third reading of the Maynooth bill, in the House of Commons, on the night of the 19th of May, engaged the exclusive attention of that body until Wednesday, 2Ist. The supporters of the mea-. sure mustered 319, its opponents 186—majority 133. ‘There was a great repeal Levee at Dublin on the 30th May, at which were present O’Connell, Steele, and all the leading repealers. The American Provision market continues in a healthy state. The demand was fully equal to the import, and every day increases the popularity of the provisions from the Western World. The abdication of Don Carlos in tavor of his son, is the most striking eventin continental news which has transpired since the sailing of the Cambria. The steamship Great Britain is expected in the Mersey on the 3d of July, and will leave Liverpool for New York on the 26th. She continues as here- tofore, to excite great interest in the Thames. There wasa “screw loose” between France and her new ally, the Emperor of Morocco, The latter had repudiated the treaty which was negociated, on the part of his Government, by Gen. Delarue ; and statements were current that the French officially endeavored to overreach his Moorish Majesty, by the surreptitious introduction of a clause which, gave better terms to France than the basis of the treaty warranted, The intelligence which we exclusively published a few weeks ago of the hormble piracy on the coast of Africa, is confirmed by the English papers. Some American hops, recently introduced, sold at 40s. for exportation, and were superior to former im- portations. The grant for education in England is to be in- creased £35,000 this year, making the total £75,000. The annual ball in favor of the Polish exiles, is fixed to take place in London on the 13th of June. The Belgian Government have conceded to Mr. Richards and others, the right of making and hold- ing for 90 years the railways in West Flanders. Of the population of Ireland, eighty-one per cent. are Roman Catholics, eleven percent. Episcopalians and the remaining eight per cent. Dissenters. It is rumored that the parliamentary session will close about the middle of July, and that her Majesty desires that such should be the case. The’ poor of Prussia are said to be suffering from the long and severe winter. The King has purchased a quantity ef potatoes for them. ronze works of art, by a recent treasury order, may now be admitted at a duty of one per cent., in- stead of, as formerly, at 30 per cent ad valorem. For the recent state ball at Buckingham Palace, upwards of 2000 invitations were issued—the greatet number which has attended any ball during the Queen’s reign. tte Brite Itis stated that the British trade at Shanghai, in China, during the last year, amounted to nearly one million sterling, in a barter of silks and tea for man- ufactures. ‘ Brussels carpeta are now being manufactured by steam power, which will cause, of course, a reduc- tion in the price. The poor handloom weavers will be the only sufferers. M. Arago, in giving an account of his recent ex- periment with the electrical telegraph, estimates the Tapity of transmission at the rate of $2,000 leagues per hour. ; « ‘ The Presse complains that certain English specu- lators have monopolized all the eggs in the Pasde Calais, and in Flanders, in order to supply the Lon- don market with their new-laid article. ‘The British post office financial accounts, ov pub- lished, show that ee Bil ol bg ea a enn’ exceeded in 1844 the amount of the evioee gent £34,000. The nett revenue of the jast year was 19,957. i , Mr. Hutt has put a notice of motion on the books of the House of Commons, to the effect that the course pursued by Great Britain, since 1814, relative to the ee trade, has not mitigated the tratlic or its horrors. f _ The Customs have decreed that goods imported into England on which no duty is paid, may be exported onfree docket Formerly, the owners had to enter into a bond for the export, double the value of the duty on the goods, s ‘The exhibition of the productions of national in- dustry at Vienna took place on the 1th ult, About 1600 individuals have already forwarded their arti cles. A deputation from Lloyd’s, in Trieste, ha: already arrived. The Mannheim Journal states that immense quan- tities of goods are daily unshipped at the Rhenish and Maine ports, after having been Jong detained {in consequence of the severity of the winter) in Dutch and Belgian ones. ‘The Diet of Sweden has responded to the al of the King,"in such a manner as to secure the aboli- tion of slavery in the island of St. Bartholomew, in voting 10,000 piastres yearly, for tive years, to be ex- pended in redeeming the slaves of that island, and compensating the loss of their masters. The German papers state that preparations are making at Coburg for the reception of Queen Vic- toria, who will visit that place and the court of Ber- lin, in the course of the summer. The Russian government is about to authorise the sale of Circassian children, principally for purposes of prostitution, to the Turks. Lord Castlereagh has been appointed Lord Lieu- tenant of the Pounty Down, to the great dismay and indignation of the Downshire farnily, Poland is still in a disturbed state; at Warsaw the prisons are daily increasing the number of their ictims, The danger of correspondence by letters is greatly eugmented. ; Sh Friday, the 30th ultimo, the anniversary of the A iia of the “martyrs” was a grand day in Treland, CALEDONIA 4 & Prince Metternich has just addressed the Austrian representatives at German Courts, to recommend the discouragement, as tar as lies in their power, ofthe schism lately broken out in the church. re seems at present some, pethaps not a re- mote, prospect, that the long talked of junction between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, may be carried on. The London Times be ifn understand that the pripopes treaty with Brazil has been aban- joned.” The House of Lords has passed the Heavyside divorce bill. The lady in this case is the ther ade of Dr. Lardner. Seventy foreigners arrived in the Thames on the 26th ultimo, from Antwerp, who are on the point of emigrating to the United 8. The celebrated marine artist, Huggins, died in London.a few days ago, much respected. The general report of the state of trade in the manufacturing districts is favorable. As the Cambria was about to sail for Boston, on the 20th ultimo, Forrester, the well knnown London police officer, presented himeelf on board, to apprehend a man who had ab- sconded from ‘Acyetnrdatn with 40,000 florins; his name is Johan Carl Gorgas, a native of Berlin; un- fortunately, however, there is no existing treaty with the Netherlands for giving up criminals, and Forres- ter has ne warrant for his capture, as he had com- mitted no offence in England, and the Dutch Con- sul, who was rear declined to guarantee the offi- cer from the legal consequences of the arrest—so that the fugitive escaped with his booty. ‘The news from Switzerland marks the presence of much disquietude. - le Lucerne is fomenting trou bles in the Catholic portion of Argovia,Berne is said to be watching the moment when she may interfere in a contrary sense, which means, in fact, a Pe aie should the intrigues of the former produce effect. Germany appears to be in a state of high excite- ment, in consequence of the schism which M. Ronge, the new Luther, who demands marriage for the Catholic priesthood, and the celebration of mass in the native, instead of the Latin language, has made between the New and Old Lights. Tue Queen’s Visrr To Inzanp.—The Queen re- ceived an address last week, at Buckingham Palace, from the Lord Mayor and corporation of the city of Dublin, soliciting her Majesty to visit Ireland. After reading and presenting the address, the Lord May- or kneeling, received a copy of the Queen’s answer, and had the honor of kissing her hands. The answer was merely formal, and means nothing. It appears te be understood and settled, that the royal visit to Ireland will not take place this year. Visrr oy Her Masgsry ro Germany.—We are enabled to announce, upon authority on which we lace every reliance, that her Majesty and hie Royal ighness Prince Albert, contemplate a visit to Ger- many during the ensuing summer. We understand that the Court will leave England early in August; and that, as at present arranged, Her, Majesty and the Prince Consort will pay a visit of six days’ dura- tion to their Royal relatives at Gotha, and a further six days at come Active Le dmberlti ee ee in progress for the reception of the Royal party, at the Palace and at the Theatre of Gotha. We be- lieve the visit of Her Majesty and Prince Albert to Paris, (if it has ever been contemplated,) will not yee place during the present summer.—Morning ‘ost. Danistt_ Possessions in Inpia.—The Copenhagen Journal of the 17th ult., publishes the text of a con- vention, concluded at Calcutta on the 2nd of last February, relative to the sale of the Danish posses- sions in India. Tne possessions sold are the town of Tranquebar and its districts,on the coast.of Coro- mandel; Serampore, in Bengal; a territory in Ba- lassore, and all the royal domains in those _posses- sions. The price of the sale is 1} millions of rupees. Piratts in THE MepiTERRAaNEAN.—Accounts from Messina, to the 6th of May, state, that the brig Gar- rett, of full, had been chased and attempted to be boarded on the 2ist ult.. fifty miles west of Malta, by a schooner under Turkish colors, of about 230 tons, with Painted ports, well armed and manned. and a very fast sailer, which, in Svenntinn boar the brig, carried away her jib-boom and bowsprit, ind the brig’s main gaff, maintopgallant mast, &c. Wootten Manuractures ann Woo..—Returns ae this subject have been issued by order of the House of Commons. It appears that the declared value of the British woollen manufactures exported from the United Kingdom in 1844 was £8,204,936, of which £2,444,789 worth was exported to the Uni- ted States of America. During the same year 65,079,524 lbs. of sheep and lambs wool, foreign and colonial, were imported into the United Kingdom ; of which 1,924, Ibs. were _re-exported from the United Kingdom, chiefly to Belgium. Of British sheep andj lambs’ wool, 8,947,619 Ibs. were exported to foreign countries; and 8,271,906 lbs. of British woollen and worsted yarn, including yarn of wool or worsted, mixed with other materials. There were also imported into the United Kingdom 635,357 Ibs. (of which 47,848 lbs. were re-exported) of alpa- ca and llama wool; and 1,290,771 lbs. of mohair, or goats’ wool, of which 97,529 Ibs. were Te-exported. New York Packet Suurs, &c.—The long preva- lence of easterly winds prevented our receiving any but one later date, (that of the of the Ist May, by the Southerner, Capt. Palmer, on the 24th ultimo,) until the arrival of the Hibernia steamer on the 3ist, which excellent vessel, from eros met with large quantities of ice floating in the Ailantic, was her- self rather longer on her voyage than usual. She was most anxiously expected, and we have seldom witnessed more entire satisfaction than was ex- pressed at the pacific nature of the news she brought. AIENINg, as she did, on Saturday afternoon, the pa- pers by her were conveyed to the North and South American Coffee-house, and Lloyd’s, London, by the express train, on Saturday night; but her news was not generally known there until Monday morning, when, as will be seen in our reports of the Money and Commercial Markets, its influence was very considerable. On Sunday the wind became more favorable, and has so continued since ; so that we have had in succession the St Patrick, the Columbus, the splendid new ship Henry Clay, andthe Shenan- doah, all of which, of course, had been anticipated by the Hibernia.—£uropean Times, June 4. Trav or tHe Monster Guy.—A trial of the monster gun, which has been manufactured in Liver- pool, for the American steam frigate Princeton, of which we have given some details in a former num- ber, was made on yee week, on the sands, North Shore, between Crosby and Formby. The firing commenced about eleven in the morning and continued with some slight intermission until three in the afternoon. During that time upwards of three tons of shot were discharged—each shot weighed upwards of two hundred weight. The report was distinctly heard in the neighborhood of the docks, and in the north end of the town, al- though the scene of the firing was some eight or aine miles distant. The experiments proved high! satisfactory. The appearance of the shot after eac! discharge, skimming aiong the water, had a novel and pleasing effect. The range extended some miles. The day was mild and fine;and notwithstand- ing the fact of the gun having been carried out as early as three in the morning to the scene of the ex- periments, to avoid notoriety, great numbers were attracted to the spot when the firing commenced. Barrish Corn Trape.—Though a rise has since our last taken place in the temperature, still the weather has been cold for the advanced period of the year; unfavorable rumors respecting the pre- sent appearance of the Wheat plant, and predictions of a late and precarious harvest, have consequently rather increased than diminished. That some un- easiness should have been occasioned by the very backward spring is perfectly natural ; but we are in- clined to think that the mischief thereby occasioned has been greatly exaggerated, and still adhere to the ig Ak Mead Gr prety: namely, that though 30 plentiful a crop as the last can scarcely be reckon- zd on, a fine warm summer might yet repair the greater part of the injury actually done. In regard to Lenten sown grain, there are, up to the present time, no complaints; indeed, the late rains may be considered as having been highly fa- vorable for every thing excepting wheat. The as- pect of the grass lands has improved wonderfully within the past fortnight, and should we now be favored with plenty of sunshine, the hay harvest is likely to be an extremely productive one. A notion appears, however, to be daily gaining gronnd, that the value of all agricultural produce 1s to advance, and the grain trade has of late assumed a much firmer tone ; prices of wheat have already risen from the lowest point of depression about 3s. per qr., and should farmers hold back supplies, which they seem rather inclined to do, the upward movement will probably continue so long as the weather remains unsettled, but we are fully convinced that a decided improvement in that respect would immediately cause the demand to slacken. With the exception of Liverpool, where fair arri- vals have taken place from Ireland, the markets held during the week have generally been inditlerently supplied with wheat, and the animated reports from Mark Lane having inspired confidence, holders have refused to sell except at enhanced terms. ‘Lhe ad- vance has been more important at the markets inthe agricultural districts than at the leading consuming towns, owing to the deliveries from the farmers Vaal materially decreased.— Mark Lane Express, lune 2, _ Tue New Stave Convention.—The new eonven- tion between the governments of France and Eng- land, and which has been signed by both parties, and the ratifications of which will be e: d in a few. days, is to the following effect: The preamble of new treaty sets forth that the Queen of England and the King of France, (the parties most deeply bound to the execution of thisduty, from their supe- rior naval resources,) deeming that the treaties of 1881 and 1833 have produced all the effect they were capable of, are desirous of forming another compact suited to the present emergency, in order more ef- fectually to repress the slave trade. They have ac- cording drawn up the present treaty, to endure for ten years, unless, at a period to be appointed (which will probably be towards the fifth year,) their mutual efforts should have proved insufficient _and unsatis- factory, It is therefore arranged that France shall nod Bee the Western coast of Africa a fleet, consist- ing halt of steamers and half of sailing ships, the number amounting to not less than 26 ; and that the naval force employed by England will be of the same character, calibre and amount, exercising simulta- neously due vigilance on the flags of their respec- tive nations. Acting in concert for this object, each may visit the stations occupied by the other, when convenient,negotiating treaties with the native prin- ces and chiefs for thefsuppression of the slave trade only, and bearing jointly the expenses of presents, &c., upon the conclusion of such treaties. Should the use of force by land or sea become necessary, in the execution of the object in view, neither shall have recourse thereto without the sanction of the other. Notice will be given when the operation of this convention is about to commence, and from the following three months the right of mutual search must cease. The convention is signed by the Earl of Aberdeen, the Duc de Broglio, the Count de St. Aulaire, and Dr. Lushington. Use or THe Erecrricar, Terrcrara.—A_ seafar- ing man, named Lane, who eloped with a young woman, whose personal charms are described as considerable, from the roof of her parents, the fugi- tives carrying with them £37, the property of the girl’s parents, were arrested last week, in conse- eras of a description of their persons having been lorwarded by the electrical telegraph on the South Western Railway. The officer was in attendance at the terminus, before the’parties alighted from the train. Saxe or Loursrana Sucar.—The first sale of Uni- ted States iba ever held in Liverpool took place last week. The quantity exposed for sale was only small, and it sold very well. There are two other lots in the port ; but, as prices have risen very great- ly in America, owing to the smallness of the Cuba sugar crop, and have become much more moderate than they were in England some time since, owing to the abundant sonics from the West Indies, the Mauritius, and the East Indies, it is not likely that much more will be imported from the United States at present. PariaMentary.—The third reading of the May. nooth bill, in the House of Commons, on the night of the 19th May, engaged the exclusive attention of that body until Wednesday, the 2lst. These three nights of protracted discussion evolved no- thing new. The old threadbare arguments were farbished up again, but having lost the charm of novelty, the infliction was Reoperanly soporific. The dissentients out of doors boasted of the impres- sion they had made on wavering members, and so confidently was this belief encouraged, that many persons were prepared to see the stultifying process of first supporting, and then oppo- sing, the same measure in different stages of itdhirogression, carried out by some of the frightened representatives of the people. But these exhibitions of weakness and irresolution, let- ting “I dare not wait upon I would, like the poor cat 1’ the adage,” were only confirmed by two or three individuals of little mark or capacity. The supporters of the measure mustered 319, its opponents 186—majority 133. The number of yotes on the second, as compared with the third reading, was nearly the on the former, 505 on the last occasion. Indeed, considering the stir which the anti-Maynooth men have made out of doors, their success has been very disproportionate to their noise. Public opinion, that omnipotent power, which makes and unmakes Ministers of State, does, occasionally, like a tornado, sweep everything before it. In such cases it is irresisti- ble. But then it must be called into action upon some point on which the national pulse beats high; a sense of injury, a feeling of insult, for instance, or any other of the thousand-and-one sensations or sympathies, respecting which, individuals, like na- tions, are often thin-skinned. To give an extra £17,000 to a Roman Catholic College in Ireland—a college which represents the religion of seven- eight en from their pockets to mipars the church of a small minority, involves no violation of the eter- nal principles of justice, nor ought it to act upon the passions of sober and reflecting men. State en- dowments may be bad in themselves—many think them so; but while they exist, the astounding dis- proprortion between the amount which the Irish people receive from the State for support of their own religion, and the amount which they are forced to contribute in return to the State religion, show that the people have not the best of the bargain. The bill has been launched into the House of Lords, and the Duke of Wellington, superseding the recognized representative of the Government there, Lord Stanley, is itsnurse. The object of the substitution is apparent. The duke has a charm or power over the nobility which no other peer pos- sesses : and while the influence is freely conceded on the one hand, it is judiciously exercised on the other. The noble duke moved the second reading of the Maynooth Grant Bill on Monday night, in the House of Lords, in a speech characterised by much originality. His grace conceives that, as the majes- ty of England had been vindicated by the State trials last year, the Government ought to concede this grant, lest the Repeal faction should say they were tyrannical. He was interrupted by his grace of New- castle, who asked if he had obtained the Queen’s permission to make the motion. Fyre h te sin Anamendment, fora committee of inquiry into the character of the education given at Maynooth, was moved by Lord Roden, who, together with the Bishep of London, strenuously opposed the grant— and the debate, after being prolonged to one o'clock, was then adjourned. It was resumed on the night of the 3d instant, and continued. . Hypro-Evectricat Macutne.—An extraordinary sized electrical machine has just been eae for the United States, by Messrs Watson and Lambert, of this town, which is called after the great Ameri- can philosopher, “ Benjamin Franklin.” The ef- fects of this steam electrical machine are, indeed, truly surprising, far exceeding any thing ever yet | accomplished by man in this important branch of science. It was pet into operation on Thursday, in the open yard of the manutactory. The weather was most unpropitious—it_never ceased raining ; but, paul pence of this difficulty, the spark obtain- ed from the prime conductor was twenty inches in length, at the rate of two hundred in a minute! - It was shipped, yesterday, on board the Spring, for New York, where, we understand, it 1s to be used in the Polytechnic Institution, which is being esta- blished in that city. The Americans will, m the acquisition of this wonderful instrument, possess by far the most powerful electrical machine in the world, it being more than three times the capacity of the one used at the Royal Polytechnic Institution in London, which has been the source of gratified astonishment to all who have beheld its truly mag- nificent results. As many of our readers may “not have had an opportunity of inspecting this leviathan machine, we may briefly describe its construction The steam-boiler, which is insulated by glass pil- lars, is constructed upon the locomotive principle, having a fire contained within, and passing through tubes, which are surrounded by water, into the chimney. There is a glass gauge | attached for regulating the proper quantity of water | in the boiler; also a satety valve to relieve the pressure of the steam above a certain point. There are two hollow metal arms issuing trom the upper part of the boiler, to each of which are attached seventy small iron tubes, the ends of which are fur- nished with proper jets, and by_ the passage of the steam through these the eleciricity is produced. There is a junction Pipes fitted with a cock, for the purpose of shutting off one of the arms, and using only one half of the power of the machine, or by keeping it open, the whole power. The rows of Byes which are fixed to the metal arms, and through which the steam issues, ate enclosed or surrounced by a casing or box, for the purpose of holding water for producing a condensation of the steam in its pas- sage through the pipes, previous to its emission from the caps on their extremities. This condenser. as it is called, is supplied with water as it is required, by vessels placed above having pipes communicating with them; and there are pipes connected with the condensers for collecting and carrying away. into the chimney the vapor produced by the Avanet beco- ming heated in consequence of the e of the steam through them. ihe steam from the jets 1s blown against four rows of forks placed on frame- work, and supported by insulated legs. When the | machine is in action the positive electricity is rapid- ly produced, and may be collected at the ball in con- nexion with the forks, and the negative electricity may be obtained from all parts of the boiler.—New- castle (Eng.) Journal, 3 of the people, while a million sterling is | Price Two Cents. gemae, Poway hl Same Sears! aimoet all the nebility and gentry who encow! e fine arts, | and nearly all the ana in Lonaan’ bive been to | the establishment of Meesrs. Graves, the publishers. | in Pall-mall, to see the statute of the “Greek Slave,” | by Hiram Power, an American artist, who studied | under Thorwaldsen, and who has for some time been resident at Florence, where he produced this work. ‘The statue represents a Greek girl ; the figure is en- tirely nude, and might have been called a Venus but for the chains by which the wrists are fettered. It | is a work of a very high order of merit—indeed, in | modein art, of the very highest order. The limbs | are beautifully rounded, the contour perfect, and the | attitude fine. There is great delicacy and a fine | simplicity of manner. The face is Very beautiful, | full of character and expression, It is cut out of a re- | markably fine block of marble. This is the first | mpeaien of progress in the higher order of art pro- juced by an American, and may be hailed as a pro- mise of future excellence. Navication ov ‘raz Caspian Sea.—A letter from St. Petersburgh, of the 9th of May, says :—Three iron steamboats, each of 100 horse power, have been built at Astrachan, by order of the Government, to navigate the Caspian Sea, which are intended not merely to cruise in that sea, but to convey passen- gers and goods. Burying or Raccerr’s Hore anp_ Loss oF Lire.—Raggett’s Hotel, in Dover street, Piccadilly, London, was burned down on the night of the 26th ult.; and, shocking to relate, so rapid were the flames, so speedy the work of destruction, that four hefle lost their lives by this calamity—namely, rs. Round, the lady of the honorable member for Maldon, Essex ; Mr. Raggett, the proprietor of the hotel; his daughter, Miss Raggett, aged 27; and Mrs, Jones, a nurse inthe service of the Earl of Huntington. At the time of the calamity, the hotel was being occupied by several noble and genteel families, who had arrived trom the counti , to be esented at the Queen’s drawing-room “a next ch Song the visitors for this purpose was the unfortunate Mrs. Round. The Countess of Hun- tingotn has Jost the whole of her jewels, exceedin; in Value of £3000, and the jewels of poor Mrs. Roun were even of greater value, Stavery iN EnGranp.—Dr. Chalmers has at length delivered his judgment on the question of re- ligious fellowship with slaveholders. Having with- drawn from all public participation in the proceed- ings of the Free Church, so that he would have had no opportunity of explaining himself in the ensuing General Assembly of that body, he has availed him- self of the eolumns of the Witness, in a late number ot Which * long letter from him on the subject ap- pears. {n this letter, we are sorry to say, the doctor pronounces the refusal of religious tellowship to slaveholders to be ‘most unjustifiable.”—Anti- Slavery Reporter. Sm Joun Francur’s Arctic Expeprrion.—The Erebus and Terror discovery oils with the trans- rt, in tow of the Rattler steam-sloop, and the Mon- ey tug, weighed anchor on Saturday, 2lst, at 5 P. M., in Aldborough Bay, and proceeded to the Orkney Islands on their way to the Arctic Circle. Narrow Escave or THe Duke or WELLINGTON. —The *‘ veteran hero,” while walking in Park Lane, was struck on the shoulder by a cart, the driver of which was heedless in guiding his vehicle. ‘The pa- ie say,that if he had been knocked down he would ave fallen in such @ position that two carts would have passed over him. He summoned the driver and had him fined £4, for risking the lives of her one subjects and counsellors. Her Masssry’s Srate Bait.—The Queen gave a state ball on Monday evening, at Buckingham Pa- lace, which was more numerously attended than any former ball given by her Majesty, nearly two thou- sand invitations having been issued. From nine o’clock, when the company began to set down, until eleven, the visiters continued to arrive at the palace without intermission, filling the suite of state rooms, which were fitted up and prepared in the usual style ofregal splendor, The whole of the rooms were open- ed for the reception, with the exception of the yellow drawing room, in which apartment the Queen receiv- ed the royal family. At 10 o’clock the Queen and Prince Albert left the yellow drawing room accom- panied by the Duchess of Kent, the Duchess of Glou- cester, the Duke of Cambridge, and Prince Edward ef Saxe Weimar, and attended by the royal suite. On leaving the yellow drawing room, the royal party entered the ‘grand saloon, which, together with the ball room, which opens. en swite, was filled with company, with the exception of a small passage in the centre of both apartments. The lord cham- berlain, the lord steward, and the vice-chamberlain, conducted her Majesty and her illustrious Consort down the avenue formed by the company, her Ma- featy. and his Royal Highness graciously acknow- | ledging the obeisance of their distinguished guests as they passed slowly to the end of the ball room, Her Majesty and Prince Albert, and the royal family, having walked to the end of the ball room, returne to the centre of the apartment, und took their seats in a recess prepared for the august circle. The ueen then signified her commands to the lord chamberlain that a quadrille should be formed ; and her Majesty, quitting her station, joined the qeactile, and opened the ball with Prince Sdward of Saxe Weimer, Prince Albert and the Countess Dietrichstein, the Austrian Ambas- sadress, formed the opposite couple. Other quad- rilles and waltzes followed, Soon after 10 0’ clock dancing commenced in the throne room, which was also fitted up as a ball room. The band of Monsieur Julien and Herr Keenig was stationed in an orchestra within the throne alcove. At eleven o’clock her Majesty was conducted by the Lord Chamberlain and the Lord Steward from the ball room to the throne room, Julien and Keenig’s band playing the national anthem on her Maiesty’s en- trance. The Stop polka, the Bohemian polka, and “ Les pas de’ Fleurs,” were also danced in this apart- ment, which formed the great point of attraction dur- ing the evening for the more ardent devotees of the dance. The whole of the diplomatic corps, and also all the foreigners of distinction, at present in town, were present at this most brilliant re-union, which exceeded in the numbers present any former fete ate by her Majesty. Dancing was kept up in both all rooms until 12 o’clock, when the Queen and Prince Albert. accompanied by their royal guests, and attended by the officers of state, went to supper, which was served in the dining room ina style o: profusion and magnificence commensurate with the princely nature of the entertainment. American Curiosrties.—There was exhibited on one of the stalls of the Anti-Corn Law Bazaar, held recently in Covent Garden Theatre, a pair of silver knee buckles, worn by Dr. Franklin; and a silver stock buckle, worn by General aaa They belonged to the late George Hammond, E'sq., merchant, of Liverpool. On the Leeds stall were two autograph letters of General Washington, a copy of one of which we subjoin:— “ $im—The applications for liberty to go to the lines are so frequent, that they cause much trouble. You will, therefore, sir, grant passes to such as you may think proper; atthe same time [ would recommend to you, that the officer who will attend upon these occasions be a person of sense, and one who will carefully attend to the conversation of those who meet on the lines, Lam, sir, your most HI. St, G. Wasninaron. DaMMRIDGE, 17th Dec. 1775." Anglo-American Affairs. [From London Times, May 24.) One important circumstance, which must ere long be determined and made known to the world in one way or the other, will throw considerable light on the real policy andthe intentions of the Cabinet of Washin; According to the practice States, the next ordinary session of Congress will not begin until the first Monday in December; and if Mr. Polk should be minded to correct the eflect of his unlucky ural address by a sincere attempt at a settlement of regon question, the summer will afford him an in- ‘able interval for negotiation, and he will carefully avoid convening the legislative bodies before the usual time of their meeting. But on the other hand, the President is expressly armed with a power of convoking both Houses, or either of them, on extraordinary occasions; and if the Government be resolved to throw aside the dilatory expedient of negotiation, and actively to pursue the course which Mr. Polk thought fit to au- nounce upon the very threshold of the Capitol, it caa scarcely be doubted that such an occasion i i extraordinary to demand the assistance of the Upon this point, then, we may fairly rest for our judgment and our expectations of the American Government. The Executive power doubt not, strong enough to restrain any obullitions national feeling, which could only disturb the inter: tranquillity of the States; and at the same time it is in- cumbent upon that branch of the Federal Government to carry forward negotiations tending to put an end to these controversies,,with fureign powers. For all the purposes of a pacific adjustment of these difficulties, the Executive Government of America is amply suf- ficient. Nor can it be denied that th nvocation of an extraordinary session of Congres materially aggravate the difficulties of the pres by adding fresh passion materials to 1 ussion, by allow: ing the popular branch of the Le; re to ‘anticipate, as ithas already done in several instances, the proper ee | atthe action of the President and Senate in ques- delicacy and national importance ; ond, finally, by exposing the more prudent resolutions of American statesmen to be challen and defeated by the impetu- ous partizans from the Western States. But if, on the contrary, the President should really be no more than the tool of the democratic party, which placed him in of- fico, and if the unprecedented Khguage of his address is to be followed by acts of a similar character, he will ob- viously seek to excite a popular movement ‘rather than | to restrain it, and the grand stroke of his diplomacy will consist in a noisy and innoxious demonstration on the part of the people of the United States, which cannot | injure or affect Opponents, however it may mar the | settlement of the question as regards the North Western coast. If he adopt this aiteretiee; which for his own | character and for the welfare of the world we hope and | believe to be highly improbable, an extraordinary ses- sion of Congress is the natural and necessary means of jiving effect to this warlike policy. The decison of the | ‘abinet of Washington on this point will, there- fore, indicate with tolerable accuracy, the’ course | y it is disposed to pursue. If it be anx- ious to chase away the storms which have been raised in the American horizon by the culpa- ble and rapacious intrigues of Mr. Tyler's administra- tion, six months of repose and an honest explanation,may suffice to allay these dangers. But if the United States are to exc! e their former pursuits of vast internal de- velopment and,mercantile adventure, for what their lead- ing democratic organs are now pleased to term their na- turally aggressive policy, a change of the most momen. tous kind must occur, not only in theirforeign relations, but in the whole structure and functions of their gov- ernment. The naval and milit establishments of the Union were altogether intended for defence not for offen- sive The very constitution of theJand has made no provision for the acquisition or administration of hostile provinces, wrung by force or intrigue from a foreign power or from the native population. As for the creation of settlements on the western coasts of the North Amer- ican continent, it is obvious that the sovereignty of the United States could only be maintained by an imposing force in those distant regions, where it would encounter the perenas hostility of the Brit the Spanish, and the Indian races. The attempt to establish a line of out- posts and of military communication from Missouri or Arkansas,to the coasts of California or Oregon,across the American continent, in the ete state of that region, would prove an enormous and permanent charge on the state, if indeed it be not altogether impracticable. In point of fact, the shores of the Pacific.can only be reach- ed and commanded from the ocean, and no establishments on those coasts can be secure without a pepncseyaes. naval force in those seas. It was no doubt an easy tas for an American commodore, on some rumor of war with Mexico a year or two ago, to possess himself of the finest harbor on the coast of Californfa; and some simi- Jar aggression may very probably be again attempted in the course of the next’ few months. But what me could that officer have, or even the whole American na- vy, if it was in the Pacific, of making good its occupa- tion of so Jmportant a position? Is Congress prepared to vote money for fortifications, garrisons military gover- nors, fleets, and armies, capable of iting the arms of foreign nations in distant territories, cut off from all di- rect communication with the Union. Such a determina. tion on the part of the Americans would imply a total change in their palioys If they are bent on schemes of aggres: which tl ey have not hitherto attempted, they must submit to burdens they have not hitherto borne. We have no doubt that, for the purposes of na- tional defence the Federal Government can command the sevices of a numerous and spirited militia, and that some progress has been made in works for the defence of parts of the Atlantic coast. But we have been astonish- ed at the exaggeratious recently put forward, on we know not what authority, as tothe supposed augmenta- tion of the American naval forces. The navy estimates of the Union are asserted by a contemporary to exceed $8,000,000 ; they are stated by Mr. Putnam, in his re- cently published compilation, to have amounted to $4,703,950 in 1844, It is notorious that the actual increase of the British navy estimates for the present year, was stated by Sir Robert 1, in his financial statement at the opening of the session, to be nearly one million ster- ling—that is, the addition made to our naval expenses is nearly equal to the total amount of the navy estmates of nited States. 1n the Pacific, more especially, the squadron under Admiral Seymour, is amply sufficient to meet any emergency in which it may be called uponto act. It will be remembered that when the Oregon ques- tion was brought forward in Parliament, Ministers de- clared not only that they were resolved, but that they are pre| to maintain the rights of the Crown What- ever Mr. Polk’s resolution may be, we apprehend that his state of preparati uch as to’ make a pacific solu- tion of these disputes highly acceptable ; and both in Texas and in Oregon, the American Government risks far more than it can gain by such acquisitions, purchased at the cost of the honor of the Union and the peace of the world. freland. The weekly meeting of the Repeal soeiation on Monday, the 26th, was very stormy, and threatens a rupture in the repeal ranks. Mr. O’Connell, after giving an account of his ‘‘ demonstration” triumphs in the county Meath, proceeded to animadvert in strong terms on what he called the “atrocity” of the government education scheme ; he styled it ‘‘a delusion, a mockery, and a snare,” and expressed his determination to oppose itin every possible shape. His opposition to the measure goes much farther than that of the Roman Catholic Bishops. When Mr. O’Connell had done, the association was addressed by M. J. Barry, a bar- rister, and Mr. Davies, of the Dublin Nation, who as the representatives of “Young Ireland,” expressed themselves in favor of mixed education. This drew upon them the ire of Mr. O’Connell, who spoke bit- terly of the importance which ‘Young Ireland” had so unwarrantly assumed. He was glad that that par- ty had at last openly declared itself, and that ree could now understand the dark mutterings whicl had been uttered in other places. The rent for the two last weeks amounted to about £800. The meeting of the Association on Monday, the 2nd instant, was presided over by the Lord Mayor of the city. The principal feature of the day’s pro- ceedings was the moving of an address, by O’Con- nell, to the Catholic Bishops and Clergy of the North and to the Repeal body generally, calling on them not to molest or insult the Orangemen should the parade on the 12th of July. ‘The rent for the wee! amounted to £642 11s. The sums of £100 from Halifax, £20 from S ee, and £8 from Hobart Town, Van Dieman’s tan , aided to swell the sum. Tue Tara Demonsrration.—The repeal meeting at Tara, respecting which considerable preparations had been made for some time previous, took place on Thursday, the 22d ult. Mr. O’Connell, Mr. John O’Connell, Mr. Ray, and others, heard mass at Tura at half-past 12 o’cloek, the Rev. Mr. M’Evoy, parish priest of Kells, officiating. The accounts differ ma- terially as to the numbers in attendance. The Freeman estimates those who heard mass at 50,000, ind the number of those who took part in the de- monstration at 200,000; but Saunders, the Evening Mail, and the anti-repeal papers, represent the at- tendance as meagre, not exceeding 5,000 or 6,000, and the whole affair a failure. Both parties agree in this—that the attendance and the enthusiasm were far in arrear of the great meeting on the same spot in 1843. Mr. O’CorneLt came forward to address the meeting, and was received with loud cheers. He delivered one of those effective and peculiar address- eson the subject of Irish wrongs with which our readers have been long familiar. " y At the banquet in the evening, for which 820 tick- ets were issued, Mr.O’Connell made another speech. He showed that Sir Robert Peel, omnipotent in the House of Commons on every other subject, was al- most harmless as regarded Ireland. ‘The question was, what would satisfy Ireland? Nothing short of repeal. He next proceeded to show how he had de- feated Peel. When the late Government were in power, they had the inclination, but they had not the means, of serving Ireland. Peel came in with a majority of a hundred at his back, and by acting on his fears, they got more from him than they ha been able to secure from the former government. Dr. Cantwett, the Bishop of Meath. replied to the toast of the “Hierarchy of Ireland,” proposed by Mr. O’Connell. “The policy of Government, with regard to Ire- land, is changed, and Ireland is grateful for the dis- position it evinces. (Cries of ‘Hear, hear.’) The Government had intended some good measures, they have announced others, but are we, on that ac- count, to relinquish our constitutional exertions ? (No, no.’)_ Say, it is our ny to increase them (Cheers.) Ireland will be grateful to England tor every instalment, even of justice, but the liquidation of the whole debt will alone satisfy us.” (Cheers.) The “Repeal Martyrs” having been toasted, and responded to by Mr. John O'Connell, Dr. C., &e., the assembly separated. Tue O’Connett Levee.—On Friday, the 30th ul- timo, the anniversary of Lenehan of the “‘martyrs,” was a grand day in Ireland. France. The Paris papers of Monday, the 24 inst. are with- out interest, but we learn from private letters that the arrival in that capital of the treaty for the aboli- tion of the slave trade, had absorbed public atte tion. The eflect upon the Bourse was to give ste diness to the funds. We learn that the form of in- structions for officers acting under the treaty, has been settled, so that no obstacle stands in the way of its ratification. i The Constitutionnel, while waiting for the treaty itself, nevertheless oflers some observations. They are as follows :— 1 “We consider it to be perfectly useless to repro- duce and refute the abecrd declaiations against the opposition in France with which the Times accom- panies the publication of its news. The Times it- self, which within the last two months has discover- ed that France does not carry on the slave trade, that the treaties of 1831 and 1833 were both dangerous and inefficacious, that the Ashburton treaty affords uch greater advantages, does not write a line that snot borrowed from the speeches and articles of the deputies and journals of the opposition in France. It consequently does homage te them at the sane time and by the same blow. [tis trom their labors that it draws its eulogiams. As to its news, as we ire unwilling to enter upon an exar treaty before its text is authentically mace known to | us, we shall only only say two words—the first is, that it deceives Atbelf werhgely in believing that a tveaty, the execution of which requires a large in- crease of expense, can be executed wi tervention of Parliament; the second | would have done well had it explained i As divect attack which it is in contemplation to make against the American markets. We imagine that {th this attack is very differont from that which is to be made upon the settlements of the coast of Africa, and that it is not intended to treat Cuba, Porto Ri- co, and the other Spanish colonies,as the barracoons of the African slave dealers have been treated hitherto . The prominent feature of this negotiation on the right of search is the price we have once more to pay to England for this concession, by taking part with her against America in the affair of Tex- as . Little has been said in the Parisian journals dur- ing the last fortnight to the 31st ult. on American al- fairs; but in the few articles that have appeared a very decided opinion is expressed, that however me- nacing the Oregon question may appear, it will b settled amicably, the United States and Great Brit- ain both having an immense interest in the preser- vation of peace. In one journal, in which this opin- ion is given, a decided declaration is made, that the settlement, be it what it may, will be di: eful to one or the other power, both having taken such a high and peremptory ground, that any flinching will be base and infamous. But this way of viewing the matter is absurd and ridiculous. Granting that the American government may have gone too far on the one hand, and the British government on the other, surely it would be making bad worse, be adding crime to folly, to rush into war for a childish pune- tillo as to which shall make the first or the longest step towards @ reconciliation. All sensible, all prac- tical men, whether French or British, or American, with whom I have conversed in this capital, and all the ably conducted newspapers, ure unanimous in thinking that the question can only be settled by mu- tual concessions; and that those concessions will take place, sooner or later, they entertain not the slightest doubt. The next arrivals from America are looked forward to with great anxiety, as they will, in all probability, bring the decision of the nited States Cabinet on the subject - With respect to Texas there has been something said, and more writen; but all that I find worth no- ticing aaa. loading ACs in the Constit 1 of this morning. The Constitutionnel asserts positive- Ba on the faith of private letters from London, that the English Cabinet has required from the French Government, in return for the concession it has made on the right of search question, its assistance and co-operation in resisting the annexation; and this demand, the Constitutional adds, has been ac- ceded to, It further asserts, that the English and French diplomatic agents in Texas had, inthe name of their respective Governments, induced the Pre- sident of Texas not to convoke the Congress t fore the end of the month of July, or the beginning of August, promising him in the meantime, to pro- cure the recognttion of Texas by Mexico, and the adoption by salad of the debt of Texas, in return for a treaty to be hereafter entered into, favorable to the admission of English manufactures into that country., The Constitutionnel protests with some energy against this erTanSeInEnE, and declares that, in acceding to it, the French Ministry has acted with bad eat towards the United ites Go- vernment. _ It insists that France ought to have sustained a strict neutrality in the mat- ter, and declares that Mr. Calhoun and the American Ministers had counted bio that neutrality. It concludes by saying, that if the pro- jected annexation of Texas to the United States be prevented, the latter will be much mortified, and will be angry, not with England, but with France; and it severely condemns the government for consentin, de blesser projondément une ¥puissance alliée de France, et avec laquelle celle-ci doit conserver de luis passports. Having thus laid before you an epitome of the article of the Constitutionnel, I must warn you against placing implicit faith upon its statements, notwithstanding the positive manner in which they are put forth. The Constitutronnel, it is true, is what the French call un journal seriewx—it is the recognised organ of M.’ Thiers, who has been a munister, hopes to be a minister again, is one of the most eminent political men of France, and the recog nised leader of a political party. But then the Con- stitutionnel is so violently anti-ministerial, that it often asserts that things are as it suspects them to be. _ Germany, Oar accounts from Frankfort are to May 30th. _ Those members of the Berlin Commercial Parlia- ment who were apponed to the resolutions of the majority (referred to in recent iti that grounded their dissent on the conviction that hi protective duties would not be advantageous to the flax-spinning trade, which, in their opinion, ought to be lett to develope itself. Instead, therefore, of protective duties, they recommend a yearly premium. on spinning machines during ten years. The amount, for the first seven years, of one rix-dollar per spindle in establishments where 5000 such ma- chines were employed, and of two rix-dollara where from 5000 to 12,000 were at work. During the last three yeurs of the the ten an increase in the remium was considered advisable. It was generally admit- ted that 45 spinning establishments (each with 10,- 000 jennies) would be required to supply the linen industry of the Zollverein with yarn; the estimated pasties consumption of linen in the above union eing 1,030,000 cwts. The outlay, therefore, in premiums—if the proposals of the minority weve adopted—would be 630,000 mx-dollars during the first seven years. With respect to the proposition to levy a duty on linens independently of the one on yarns, it was urged by the minority that foreign competition in the former was‘not much to be feared, as the imports from foreign parts did not amount to the 140th part of the home production. With regard to the removal of the import duties on Bohemian and Hanoverian raw unbleached linens, it was | asserted by some of the members that such a step would be a dangerous one for the Zollverein; ant by others that it was a necessary and advantageous one. This portion of the debate (including the resolutions of the majority as already given) was at- tended by thirty members of the commercial con- vention, and by six deputies from the Prussian go ernment. The next questions were whether pre- ference should be given to machine or hand yarns ; whether it would necessary to increase the flax machine-spinning establishments in the Zollverein ; and whether German flax was suitable for machine- spinning. With reference to the first, it was unani- mously decided that hand-spun yarns were only fit for coarse and very fine linens. The other two questions were resolved affirmatively. During the discussion on these points, the repre - sentative of Bielefield gave a long account, of the decay of the Westphalian linen trade, particularly in the exports, and attributed it to. the competition of the cheaper machine yarns. Until that competi- tion arose, Westphalia, he stated, exported yarns alone to the yearly value of from 2,000,000 to 3,000,- 000 of thalers; the most prosperous peried bein; from 1833 to 1839, when there was a trading capital ot 1,500,000 of rix dollars. During the last few years, however, the exports of yarns had dwindled down to the average value of only 300,000 thalers, and the linen trade té about 1,000,000. The same representative also drew a melancholy picture of the situation of the Westphalian spinners (whom he reckoned at 100,000,) and asserted that the weavers were also in avery precarious condition, although not so a bad a one as that ef the former body. He contended that both the spinning and the weaving trades would be benefitted by the use of machine yarn, which would also, he maintained, bring the so-called Osnaburgh linens (woven out of coarse ene) entirely into the hands of native weavers. his species of linens was in great demand in Spain and the West Indies, and the trade was at present almost entirely monopolised byScotland, because the Scotch goods were manufactured with machineyarn There were almost everywhere preferred to Osna- burgh articles (der achien Osua' er fast weber- all vorgezoden werden.) The representative of Halle observed that the Liege yarns had been su- eth in France by English and French produce. t was unanimously agreed to maintain hand-spin- ning to a certain extent, and to increase schools for that branch of industry, particularly in Silesia. In the continuation of the report of the proceed? ings of the late commercial Parliament in Berlin (referred to in recent numbers of the Standard,) it is stated by the representative of Dusseldorf, that the causes of the decrease in linen exports were the greater demand for cotton goods, and English com- petition, parncustly in tow yarns, which recom- mended themselves by their appearance to trans-At- lantic countries, especially Mexico, In Cuba, how- ever, where durability was more looked to, there was an improved market for German linens. ‘During his speech it was elicited, that the were at_ present ten spinning establishments with 41,707 spindles in Prussia. Three representatives next entered into a comparison of the respective expense of carrying on a flax-spianing establishment in England and Ger- many, and asserted that there was a difference in favor of the former to the amount of two rix-dollars sgr. 3 1-9 groats per three scores (shoek) of n It was also stated at a subsequent period of he debate, that in the cost of flax and English yarn there was in tavor of England the average suin of 2 rix-dollars, 4 sgr. 6 1-9 gr. Although amongst the edial measures proposed by the members of the “Commereial Pasaiperh. thete was (as al- ready stated in a former communication) one for the import duty free of English machinery, it was, nevertheless, subsequently agreed that if “assistance could be derived from another quarte:” (refecring to the government,) it was desirable not to adopt the ebove resolution, as it was hoped that the establish- ment of large spinning manulactories would give rise to an increased number of German engineer firms, and to improvements in native ry.