The New York Herald Newspaper, June 7, 1844, Page 1

Vol, X., No. 15 8—Whole No. 3728. NEW YORK, FRIDAY MORNING, JUNE 7, 1844. THE NEW YORK HERALD. Price Two Cents, THE NEW SYSTEM OF CURRENCY PROPOSED BY SIR ROBERT PEEL IN THE British House of Commons, MAY 6, 1844. Continued Then, what are the principles contended for by those gentlemen’ First of all theylaugh at the notion of using the standard of value now that was used 800 years ago. They say the prosperity of the country has increased both in commercial and ma- nufacturing transactions, and to use the standard now that was used in the time of Elizabeth, and has been used ever since, shows a great want of illamination on the subject. Now, positively there would be just as mnch sense in saying fneshaving increased in population since the time of Elizabeth having established railways and multiplied in wealth—we ought to have sixteen inches in the foot measure (laughter). The proposition would be just as reasonable. ‘There is no more reagon in saying that a pound should not be the foundation of, all transactions and measures of value, net- withstanding our increase in wealth, than that a toot should be a foot and a half (hear and laugh- ter). Them this which is eet over and over ba by “Gemini,” is conclusive proof that they who published it have no more conception of the truth with respect to the measure of value than of any speculation they ever heard of in the most dis- tant part of the globe. They say what a monstrous injustice and folly it is to tie down the Bank to issue gold at the old rate of 3/. 17s. 10d. an ounce, as the rate of value. Now the whole reason for the ounce of gold representing 3. 17s. 10hd. is simply this—that that is the relation which silver bears to gold. When we had a double standard, the pound of gold was coined into 44 guineas, but the pound of silver was coined into 62 shillings, and each was made legal for payment of debts; and i you make the calculation, you will find that the relation which gold bears to silver is 15 and 2-13ths to 1. . And what is the meaning now for ard that the Bank should issue gold at the rate. of 5/. anounce? [ can oma understand it it you my that all those who had previously contracted debts or soaeenebiy should be allowed to dis- charge them, the 6. being for such put equiva- lent to what the 3. 17s. 104d. used to be. It you mean to do that, say so, and make it to come into operation at some distant date. But if you attempt to say that the ounce of gold shall not be 3/. 17s. 10}d., but 5/., depend upon it the Sounty will be more powerful than your legislation (hear, hear). As ir. Harris said, make what regulations you will for the payment of your own debts,—cheat, if you will, aimongst one another, but if you tell the foreigner that an ounce of gold shall be henceforth equiva- lent to £5 instead of £3 17s. 104d., he will not be bound by it. He will tell you that the alteratien only affects past events, and not :the future. The quantity of gold, the real value of the coin, willde- termine all future contracts. You may raise the value of the sovereign to 22s. or 23s. but you mai depend upon it, it would have no corresponding ef- fect in foreign parts. Observe, I donot deny that it was a‘ perfectly fair question for consideration. All contracts during an inconvertible paper cur- rency having been made in a different medium of exchange, when you alter the currency you must make allowance for the difference, and hav- ing done that it is perfectly an open question. But I want to show that the rate of 3. 17s. 10}d. per ounce is the proper relation between ine and sil- ver. If you ask the price in the bullion market now that silver is not the measure of value, re will find that the relative value ef gold to silver differs very little from that established in the reign of George I. I believe silver is now 5s. per ounce instead of 5s. 2d., but the relation of gold to silver is nearly the same as formerly. Those who con- tend for arelaxation in the currency, though they would not alter the value of geld with reference to gold, yet still, by making the gold of more amount with reference to silver, they would influence its price and act in favour of the debtor. But I very much deust whether, looking at the increased supply of gold irom Prussia and other places, that if we were disposed to make an alteration in the s:aadard we could procure a relaxation of contracte ty adopting silver tor our currency instead of gold. he third objection is this, that it is mest unwise to take as a standard that which is extensively us- ed, not only for the Futpose of coin but as an article of commerce. ise men write pamphlets to show that we have acted unwisely in taking gold as our coin, since as an article of commerce, it is likely to be taken out of the country. Now I maintain that it is just because itis an article of commerce (hear, hear), and subject to the same Jaws as other articles of commetce, that itbecomes fit to be the standard, and is your security for its continuance. (hear, hear). Precisely the same laws which regulate the import and the possession of all other articles ofcommerce regulate the im- port and possession of gold by this country. Bullion is distributed according to certain laws which may not be well understood, but cannot be opposed throughout the world, according to the necessities of eac! cane Igo furtherthan most men on this subject, for 1 say that coin and bullion, as articles of commerce, are regulated by precisely the samegprinciples as regulates the commerce in other articles. Some say that when there is a de- ficient harvest, and there is a great demand for corn, all our coin is sent out, because we have no other article that can bear universal value. Some say that a preference is given to bullion over coin, for the purpose. Now I say that there is no preference ot bullion over coin; if there be any preference, I should say it would be in favour of coin, because the exporters have a guarantee that it is of a certain fineness (hear, hear.) But depend upon it, you can never send coin put of this country in exhange funless it is more profitable to send it. It will only be sent out when it is dearer in other countries than in this.— ‘The iaw which governs it is precisely the same as other articles. It is proved by this that when there is a sudden demand for corn or anything else, if it is more profitable tosend out woollen manufactures or cetton, depend uponfit they will send them, and not gold or bullion. Therefore coin and bullion are identically the same, and there is no reason why coin should be exported in exchange for for- eign commodities more than any other article (hear.) These are the great elementary truths which apply to the measure of value. If there are contradictions to be brought forward I want those contradictions to be pointed out in a clear and de- finite statement. [have not bewildered the house with various measures of value; I have taken a pound as the measure of value, and if any objection is made to this measure, let us know what that ob- jection 18; but do not place me under the necessity of reading my definition in some pamphlet in an octavo volume. Though these are peat truths, yet I admit there are occasionally small circumstances which appear to be contradictions of them, and if there are small circumstances and contradic- tions which de not bear a ready explanation, we find ingenious writers ready to take advan- tage of these little circumstances, and to say, “they do not conform to your great princi- ples, and therefore your great principles are not true.” (hear, hear.) Why, when Sir Isaac New- ton deduced the great ‘truth of the planetary movements being caused by the principle of ay tation, there were slight phenomena and distur- bances which he could not recencile with his theory; but other philosophers who came afterwards detected his slight errors, and reconciled the whole of the phenomena and the disturbances with the ori- ginal great principle. So that these small differ- ences, which at first appeared to be a centradiction, were found at last to confirm and support the ori- ginal theory ; and soit will be here likewise [hear]. Depend upon it, if you had every circumatance— everything tending to some prperene deviation— fully explained, you would find it possible to re- concile the apparent Meee agape with the great truths originally propounded. And if these princi- ples are correct, it would be quite consistent with these principles to establish some other measure of value than the pound which you have taken, You might, consistently with the principles | have stated —il you were at Woerty to decide for a new state of society—you might change the standard of value, and adopt a silver instead of a gold standard— you might, if you thought proper, even adopt as a standard some new metal. ‘Abelish coin if you plete, and adopt Mr. Ricardo’s theory, that bul- ion ought to be used only for the larger quantities, and small notes for small sums, All this! say would still be consistent with the great principles to which i have referred. But, in my opinion, nothing would be more unwise than to depart from the great prin- ciples which regulate coin. I believe many concur with me in my views, but others do not. I ask them, however, just to recollect that measure of value, gold, is that measure which has been in existence for the last hundred years. You must heat in mind that all great writers on the subject (air W. Petty, Mr. Locke, Mr. Harris, and Lord Liverpool) are all decidedly in favor of a single standard of value. Mr. Locke was of opinion that silver ought to be selected as the standard, and he gave reasons, which however appear to me to be erroneous, why silver instead of gold should be the jard of value adopted. But osiyour transac aT tions have been for so long a period ef time tound- ed upon a single metal, mr ‘ou have determined that silver shall Ido hope that nothing will induce the house to dis- turb the relations which exist in our monetary sys- tem. That which we have in operation new is in conformity with the views and the opinions of one whe, in my judgment, is the greatest recent author- ity on the subject of coin—I mean the first Earl of Liverpool, who, in his letter to the King—a letter which contains as much good sound sense as any publication which has ever issued from the press— urges as strongly as possible the adoption as our principle of coinage of the very principles which are established among us. Lord Liverpool, atter giving the subject great consideration, writes in 1804 to this effect:—‘‘ After full consideration of this extensive, abstruse, and intricate subject, | humbly offer to your Majesty, as the result of my opinion:—First, That the ‘coins of this realm, which are to be the principle measure of property and instrument of commerce, should be made of one metal only. Secondly, That in this kingdom the gold’ coins only have been for many years past, and are now, in the practice and opinion of the people, the principal measure of property and instrument of commerce. It has been shown that in a country like Great, Britain, so dis- tinguished for its affluenye and for the extent of its commercial connections, the gold coins are best adapted to be the principal measure of property in this kingdom, therefore the gold coin is now the principal measure of property and standard coin, or as it were, the sovereign archetype, by which the Belahe and value of all other coins should be regu- lated. Itis the measure of almost all contracts and bargains ; and by it, asa measure, the price of all commodities bought and sold is adjusted and ascertained. For these reasons the gold coin should be made as perfect and kept as perfect as possible. Thirdly, it is evident that where the function ef the gold coins, as a measure of property, ceases, there if} that of the silver coins should begin; and that where the function of the silver coins in this res- pect ceases, there that of copper should begin. It is clear, therefore, that so far only these silver and copper coins should be made legal tender and no further, at least notin any great degree; and it follows that the coins both of silver and hr per are subordinate, subservient, and merely Tepresentative coins, and must take their value with reference to the gold coins, according to the rate which the sovereign sets upon each of them.” This is exactly the principle which at present regu lates our brie lee The adoption of a gold instead of silver standard hasbeen determined upon for the last hundred years. Silver since then has been considered a mere subordinate or auxiliary coin— an arrangement which, | think, is the best that can be made tor the security of your monetary transac tions. I think that system which gives a man with a 5. note the command of gold whenever he pleases to apply for it affords a greater security for the du- ration of a settled convertibility than that system which obliges a man who has 100. in gold to take it to the Bank and get it exchanged tor notes. I have been told that the paper svete is better cal- culated to diminish panics, and to give greater Be- curity to public confidence; but in my judgment the best guard against’ political panics is to have gold coin circulating throughout the country. J have now done with those principles which deter- mine the measure of value, and the right which the country has to regulate the coin, so far as it is the medium of exchange. I now come to that part which is the immediate subject of my motion. may here be allowed to state the pene which should regulate a paper circu- lation. refer to promissory notes, payable to bearer on demand. | must be understood to speak of them.only. When 1 speak of money, I mean the coin of the realm; when of paper currency, | mean a promissory note, payable to the bearer, in the coin of the realm, ondemand. I will not trou- ble myself or the house by referring to the vast va- riety ‘of other descriptions of paper. I will say little or nothing on the great question which has been discussed so often by the bank committee, as to deposits, cheques on bankers, or bills of ex- change, partaking of the nature of credits. These securities performa different office to that of pro- missory notes. Promissory notespass at once from hand to hand ; no personal guarantee is required ; they do not require an endorsement ; they perform the functions of money; and their operation is, in fact, the game as that of, money. 1 do notsay that the various transactions connected with paper credit and the circulation of paper have not an effect on the supply of the precious metals—I do not deny that these transactians have a tendency to econo- mize the quantity of precious metals; but the only consequence of this is, to strengthen the necessity for keeping up the amount of precious metals in another way. There may;be an amount of five or six millions given to other markets, but this circumstance will alter the value of com- modities in relation to the value of gold to such a triffling extent that it is hardly worth taking into consideration. { think all experience shows the necessity of not allowing paper issues to become too large. I will refer to some instances in ply of this position. At an early period of the his- tory ef the Bank of England, about 100 years ago, when pablic opinion was so far in favor of its sta- bility that the shares opened at 60 and went up to 112,—at this early period Bank paper was 60 much depreciated that a guinea, in relation to a Bank note, was worth 30s.—silver was depreciated in a corresponding degree, and the exchanges were also against this country. What did the Bank do in this ed ie fy ‘hat did the Bank do, after having advanced large sums of money on mort- gage, made loans to government, lent money on goods, sent silver abroad, and by these proceedings elevated the price of the guinea to 30s.% The di- rectors took the opinion of the most eminent men of their time ; and, after due deliberation, they, at all risks, determined to diminish the amount of the notes in circulation. The result was, that the monetary balance was re-established, and the exchanges were restored to a favorable position by the simple action of their proceedings on the opera- tions of commerce. In the of the Scotch banks the same state of things will be found to have occurred. The exchanges were greatly unfavora- ble to the Scotch banks. The directors said that the promissory notes were only part of their paper circulation, they were the same as their notes, and they said it was impossible to meddle with their is- sue of notes. But as this state ot things could not * on, they at last adopted the course taken by the ank of England when in a situation of similar em- barrassment—they diminished the number of their notes, and the same result was the consequence. Now the same peiniciole will be found in operation in the case of the Bank of Ireland. ago it required 138/. of Irish bank notes to make a purchase of 100/. Bank of England notes. The price of Bank of England notes was of much greater value in comparison with Irish bank notes, A committee was appointed to consider this subject. The Irish Bank directors denied there had been any over-issue of notes on their part ; they declared they had only issued just so much as had been demanded by the legitimate course of trade. (Hear.] Butthe committee teld the direc- tors there was no possible way of restoring the ex- change to par unless they diminished the amount ot their notes. The directors were at first reluct- ant to adopt this advice, but as the exchange stil] continued unfavorable, yes said at last, let us re- duce our circulation; and accordingly they did reduce their amount of issue from £3,200,000 to 2,100,000, and the result of this step was, that the Irish bank-nete speedily attained its original value. {Hear.] Does not this show, then, that notes pay- able on demand exert an influence on the exchange, and on value, which notes of other sorts and bank- ers’ checks do not? So, therefore, I say, do not attend to those writers or speakers who say that bills of exchange and similar sorts of T circu. late in this country to the value of 300,000,000, and that if these bills were presented for payment the Bank could not meet the demand; therefore it is of no use adopting regulations with respect to promissory notes, ualess you extend there regula- tions to other descriptions of bills of exchange Sir, I hope the House is prepared to admit this prin- ciple, that Pevnabeey notes ought to be considered a matter for separate legislative consideration, (hear,] and that they have nothing whatever to do with the other sorts of circulating paper. Against this view, then, are used exactly the same argu- ments now as were heretofore used. It is urged, we see a large mass of paper circulating throughout the country, and therefore it is impossible you can ‘ouch promissory netes, without you extend the same operation toall notes. But what said Lord Liv- erpool on this point?’ He touches immediately on it in his treatise. He says, ‘It has been a common artifice, practiced by those who have written oa paper currency, to confound paper credit with paper currency ; and even the higher sorts of paper cur: rency with the interier sorts, such as immediately interfere with the use of the coins of the realm, Paper credit is not only highly convenient and beneficial, but is even absolutely necessary in cars ing on the trade of a great commercial kingdom, ‘aper currency is a very undefined term, as use by speculative writers. To find arguments in its support, at least to the extent to which it is at pre+ sent carried, they have been obliged to connect i with paper credit, so that the principles on whic! that metal gold, and as rform the lower office of gold throughout England and Wales, Some years the use of paper credit is truly founded may be brought in support of a great emission of paper cur- rency. Paper currency, strictly speaking, consists only of bills or notes payable or convertible into cash on demand, by the person who issued the same, at the will of the holder.” (See Report of Se- cret Committee of the House of Lords (1797) p. 249. [To be continued.) Buenos Ayres. [Correspondence of the Herald.} U.S. Scnooner, ENTERPRISE, : Roaps or Buenos Ayres, March 20, is44, Spanish Outrage and American Energy—Apology and Pay—Description of Patagones—Yankee Migrations—Value of the Navy to our Commerce. Sin:—Our little schooner has been cruising in this river for the last six months, during which time we have visited every city and village on the banks of the river, and once we extended our visit as far south as the “ Rio Negro,” some five or six hundred miles south of Cape St. Antonia. There isa small town called Patagones, situated on the Rio Negro, where a considerable number of whalers put in for provisions in the course of the year. You will wonder what business a vessel at- tached to the Brazilian squadron could have so far south, and you may well do so, there being but one precedent, in the case of the ‘ Lexington,” Capt. Duncan having visited the Falkland Island in 1831, to punish the Governor Vernet for capturing Ameri- can sealers, As the object of our visit to Patagones bears some affinity to the one above, I will give it you in a few words :— Some months since the American schooner Ohio, of Newport, was wrecked near the mouth of the Rio Negro, and tae Captain and crew barely saved themselves by floating ashore on fragments of the wreck; the captain had one of his feet nearly cut off, and was obliged to hurry to the town to obtany assistance, and thereby save his foot. While he was absent a chest containing some money and a chronomete1, another chest contain- ing a supply of slops for the cruise, and a number of casks containing bread and provisions floated ashore, and were immediately seized and secreted bya man named Crespo, who owned the place where theyscame ashore. This man did not give the usual notice to the commandant of the town, nor to the captain of the wrecked vessel; his oftence was, therefore, by the laws of every civilized na- tion, piracy. Shortly after this occurrence, some of the crew of an American vessel lying at Pata- gones, took a boat one evening, and went on an island ia the river to gather some fruit, which abounds in the neighborhood ; while on the island they were attacked by its owner, whose name is also Crespo, and two other men; one of the sea- man, was killed, another was shot in the arm and thereby made a cripple for lite. Two of these men, the one that was shot and another, were subse- quently arrested at the instigation of this Crespo, and have been confined in the fort ever since, about 11 months. Not long since two other American ves- sels were lest in the vicinity of Rio Negro, and the captains, with their respectivecrews, reached Pata- gones. The captains have since reached Buenos Ayres, and from the account they gave the com- modore, of these matters, it was determined that we should proceed to Patagones and set matters right. We accordingly sailed trom Buenos Ayres ‘on the 6th Feb. last, and after a so so passage of 14 days, including two which we spent in lying off and on the mouth of the river waiting for a pilot, we arrived safe at this oft-mentioned town of Pata- gones. one And now for a description. Well, we came up the river on avery Pesant afternoon, when the ebb tide was about half down, and the wind having hauled a little, we were obliged to an- anchor when about half wa up.the river; the con- sequence was, when the ebb tide was done, we were high and dry on shore. We waited until the tide made on the following morning, and steod on our way up the circuitoug river. which ig, pot more than a hundred yards wide, with beautiful green banks on either side About M o’clock we rounded a bluff in the river, and behind it discovered what appeared to be mud huts, one story high, but upon a nearer inspection we found them to be dwellings of sun burnt bricks, and we found several of them actually white washed. We were completely taken aback when the pilot (who by the bye is a migrating Yankee,) informed us that this was the “*town,” and ordered the anchor Jet go. When we went on shore,we found the place a little more respectable than one would suppose from its looks, the generality of the inhabitants being “ civilize beings,” although this place is the southern ex- tremity of American civilization. The women were sociable, and many of them very pretty Spanish brunettes, (to whom the reeferssoon made love,) but very few ot them are creoles of the place. There is no school of any kind here— there are but six persons in a population of several hundred who can read‘or write. The commandant of the town cannot write hisown name,nor does he know a letter of the wh eacengd is the jus- tice of the peace any better off; so you will per- ceive with what an ignorant set we had to deal with, and deal too in quite important and delicate matters. We found that Capt, Smiley, late master ot the Ohio, at present master of the schooner Sarah Ann, was absent on a voyage tothe Falk- land Islands, but his return was daily expected, and were to wait his arrival before we could stir in the business which brought us to this place. There was but one vessel in the river when we arrived, the American schooner Jersey. On the 22d Feb. we had quite a ‘blow out,” the schooner was dressed in flags, and at meridian we fired the usual salute, which was answered from the tort. During the day all the respectable people in the place came on board by invitation, to inspect the vessel, this being the first vessel of war that ever visited this place. We, of course, did our best to show her up to the best advantage, and I believe we succeed- ed, as all hands, male and female, appeared much nleased. In the evening we had an exhibition of fireeworks on board, when we used Uncle Sam’s false fire rockets, blue lights, &c., without any re- Ge to expense. We waited very fetently for ‘apt. Smiley for several days, when he finally ar- rived, and after consulting him, our business was made known to the authorities. | After considerable negociation the matter was settled thue:—Juan Crespo, who {stole the property from the wreck of the ‘ Ohio,” agreed to make Smiley fall indemnification for the same. Pedro Crespo and his negro, who shot the American seaman, were arrested and confined in_ the fort, to be tried by the laws of the Argentine Confederation; the former obtained bail to a large amount, and is allowed to go at large until the commandante hears from Gov. Rosas on the subject. Our captain having formally demand- ed the release of the two men who have been con- fined for so long a time, they were immediately set at liberty and taken on board this schooner. “they each received $500 at damage for their illegal imprisonment; the amount was small for such an oflence, but the men were glad to get even that. ‘These matters being disposed of, it only remained for us to pick up the American seamen adrift here, which was done as soon as possible. We left Rio Negro on the 5th March, and arrived here safe and sound on the Mth inst. As I said before, when we arrived, there we found but one vessel and left five, four of the tive being Yankees. W. A.J. _ Late rrom Santa Fr—Three gentlemen arrived in town on Monday night last, direct trom Santa Ie. The frontier ports are still cle against all tradera from this country. Indeed, they are worse than closed, if pow sible for them to be so; for under a late regulation, no person is allowed to bring away any bullion, gold or sil. ver cuin from the country without first paying govern- ment officers six per cent. on the amount bi ht away. ‘This, taken in connexion with former acts on the pact of the Mexican authorities is peculiarly hard upon our tra ders. Inthe first place, every person trading in the coun: t required to clore his business and quit dealing by pecial time ; this regulation forced many American tra. dera to dispone of their stock of goods at reduced prices, and in oy instances at a heavy sacrifice. Then it is required of every trader, after thus disposing of his goods, to pay to government @ tax of siz faa cent. for the pri lege of bi ging his money with him when he leav e are also informed, that an exciting disturbance hay broken out at fonorah, and that several skirmishes had taken ae between the hostile Maro in which a good he lives were lust on both sides. No cau known for the difficulty, and it is confined entirely to the subjects rovince, Our informants left Santa Fe about the pril. During their passage through the moun i now fell to the depth of two-and-a-haif feet, which detained them about a week. ‘They state that the snow in the mountains is very deep, rendering it quite danger ous to pass them. They saw numerous companies of {n. dians of the Cumanche, Cheyennes, and tribes, They were ail friendly, however, and offered them no violence ; they would’ not it’ the occasion to pass, however, without taking al) of therr tobacco and extra clothing.— Western Expositor, May 18th. of that bth ef Bank Roneers Senrencen..—The Millbury (Mass,) Bank robbers have been sentenced. Abijah Ler ned to ton years, and Jeremiah Larned to five years in the States Prison. Puerto Cabello. [Correspondence of the Herald.) Pverro Cangnro, Venezveta, S. fo} May 22, 1844. Preparations for Election.—Politics as they are.— Destiny of Venezuela —Exertions to Overturn a Law.—Sad Mortality.—Flight of the Women.— Improvemen's in Baking and the French Lan- guage.—New Hotel and Trade. Dear Sin: In our last communication, under date of the 26th of April ult., we advised you of the ap- proaching electioneering campaiga for a Vice Presi- dent of this Republic, and that Urbaneya and e the two most prominent candidates Subsequently to that period Aranda the office of Secretary of ‘“ Hacienda” and Foreign Relations. It costs us very little to divine the motives which induced this gentleman to retire trom the Cabinet at this particular moment. ‘The two great political parties in the various pro- yinces are actively engaged preparing and drill ing their respective forces for the conflict, and we shall gather together abundant materiais in relation there- to, designed particularly and especially for your benefit, perusal and gratification, 1t is the opinion of some that the party friendly to and desirous of the elevation of Aranda, will triumph in the pro- vince of Caraccas, sustained by Guzman,{Editor of **E] Venezolano,” and a portion of the agricultu- ralists. Urbaneja, it is confidently expected, will carry the other provinces, if not Caraccas. Underhanded intrigue isthe order of the day, and similar is the management, artifice and cun ning experienced in this country, although, per- haps, in a lower degree than the ‘dear people” of the United States subject themselves to, through the igfluence of those innocent and disinterested creatures commonly called politicians, _ Venezuela is destined to become, without doubt, in the course of time, one of the most flourishing, prosperous and powerful nations on this part of the continent. Her territory is immense and capable of sustaining millions and millions of inhabitants. The richness of her soil and benignity of climate renders her productions diversified to an extent probably unequalled by any country in the world. Under the auspices of her republican government, directed by expert and intelligent men, progressive in their principles, and favorable to the onward and speedy march of civilization, adopting those mea- sures which would contribute to effect a might change, and create an elevated public spirit, with a determined resolution to promote the welfare of the whole body politic, the republic of Vene- zuela would inevitably rise high among the neigh- boring nations ina brief space of time. It remains for the people to place the most eminent and iJlus- trious men at the head of the government, in order that such advantages may be secured. Several writers, inciuding the Editor of “ El Ve- nezolano” and ‘ El Promotor” (ya muerto) are en- deavoring to raise a hue and cry among the people against the righteous and celebrated law of the 10th of April, 1934, which is the only effectual bulwark and security remaining to the mercantile commu- nity, from the voracious attacks of the financiers, spendthrifts, cock-fighters, bull-fighters and others of the same caste. A portion of the broken down merchants and of the agriculturists, vociferate, in- dignantly, and we must presume disinterestedly at the ruinous eflects of alaw which protects the in- terests of the honest creditor. It is consequently their desire, judging from the present appearance of affairs, that this law should be erased, and blotted out of the statute book, with the view of allowing the present healthful state of commercial inter- course, to relapse into that confusion and disorder, which unfortunately prevailed anterior to the pas- sage of the law in question. All of this outcry may be denounced as humbuggery in its most outra- geous form. We observe with infinite pleasure, that Rojas, editor of ‘ El Liberal,” and other a equally talented gentlemen, sustain the law with great force and cogent reasoaing. They under- stund pertectly the true interests of their country. We regret to inform you that an unusual number of deaths have lately occurred in this city fromthe effects of the small pox. In fact, the place is un- commonly sickly, occasioned principally, we doubt not, by the bad and rainy weather experienced for several days past. The existence of stagnant wa- torin small pools wishin and abeut the city, which becomes corrupted and highly offensive, ‘and con- sequently aflects the atmosphere, necessarily con- tributes its share to the list of patients under the di- rection of our principal physicians, who are ever on the alert. and asdidaoudly engaged attending to their professional duties. . y ‘The absence of a large portion of the ladies from the city renders itdull and dreadfully svciay. A perfect sadness has pervaded the whole population since the departure of the beautiful and lovely maidens. We would propose assuredly, but that internal “mitten,” or ‘*calabasa,” hangs menacing over our devoted heads. We must candidly con- fess that a “mitten” is not the most agreeable ap- pendage in the world. i By the way, Mr. Bennett, do yn require fer your own particular uge,a superb loaf of bread, made up in the most improved and fashionable style? Say yea, and you shall have it, sir, direct from the magnificent baking establishment of Jas. Lush, Esq., who is prepared to meet your orders with alacrity and the utmost cheerfulness. We likewise beg to inform you that this gentleman has advanced considerably in the acquirement of the French language, which is of vast importance, and consi- dered to be (in this beautiful city) a neceasary and indispensable appendage to other accomplishments required, in order to obtain the approbation and ancouragement of the ladies—the highest ambition of man. You will be pleased to learn, that anew and splendid hotel has recently been opened in this great commercial emporium, which is to be recog- nized hereafter by the sounding title of ** El Ca- ballo Negro.” Our host appears to exert himself industriously go far, to gain the affection and good will of the people. We have not taken an exact account of the mint juleps, &c., &c., distributed daily at this new establishment, but presume that the older houses will net overreach it in quantity or quality. , eek sh Business continues without great animation. Coffee arrives slowly, in consequence of the bad condition of the roads; large quantities of this arti- cle yet remain in the interior, and so soon as the rain ceases will pour into market. Coffee 7ha8c; hides Skca9e; cotton 9a9}; indigo Srs per lb I; co- con $17 per fanega of 110 lbs. We are anxious to lay hands upon the Herald ; what has become of it? OpsEnvEr. Svrreme Court.—The June special Term of the Supreme Court commenced its session June 4, at the Capitol, Mr. Chief Justice Nelson iding. In the matter of the application of Mackey and al.—For leave to prosecute the official bond of M. B. Hart, late sheriff of the City of New York—granted, exparte. Inthe matter of the application of énglis and al. fo ranted, exparte. In the matter of the application of ¢ same—grant ed, exparte, Lusk va. Lusk—Order that defendant show cause at the next Special Term why an attachment should not imue, for violation of an order to stay waste. ‘Trustees ot Garretson Station Methodist Episcopal Church, Albany ads, Wendover and al.—Order thi dants have leave to prosecute bond for costa; that it be delivered to defend- ante’ attorneys, Coburn ads, Hale and al.—Motion for an attachment against Thompso: granted exparte. Sims and al. ads, Humphrey—Motion for a certiorari— granted, exparte. The Mayor, xc , NewYork, inrelation to Front street—Motion order for clerk of this Court N. to pay over money—granted, on giving proper se. curity, exparte. Collins vs. Chatterdon—Order that She- riffof Erie may return to former writ of possession, “ not executed,” and upon such return an alias writ may issife. Service ads. Chapman and al.— Motion for judgment as in case of nonsuit granted, without costs, by default Meech and al. impleaded ads. Seneca Co. Baik.—Motion for a commission—granted, withou ,on terms. Harris ada, Black—Motion for judgment as in case of nonsuit—grant- ed, with leave to stipulate, &¢. Powell ads. Lane—Mo- tion that defendant be discharged on common bail, &c.—order that bail be reduced to $510, Same vs. Same, —Motlon that pif, file security fer costs, &c.—granted, Laverty ads, Mount—Motion to change venue—denied, Miller ade. Huntington—Motion for a commission—grant- ed, without stay, by default. McCarter vs, Bradner—~Mo, tion to refer—granted. Cameron and al. ads. Schoonma- ker—Motion thet Snyder, landlord, be made deft. with the other defts.—granted, by default. Barber ads, Isham.— Motion that Hin. ite ecurity for coste—granted, exparte. Wight va. Barsett~Motion for judgt. of Non. Pros — granted, by default. Leonard ads. Simmons and al,—Mo- tion for jadgt. a4 in case of non sult ranted, with costa, by default. Hoffman ads Delahonty—Motion to set aside in quest and subseq’nt proceedings - granted, with costs,byde- fault. ‘The People ex.rel. the Board of Education for the vil- lage of Poughkeepsie vs. the Trustees of the Poughkeep- sie Lancaster School Society.—Order that the order of Sth April last, requiring relators to pay costs for not mov- ing in this cause, be vacated and set axide, Burne ads, Chandler—Motion to change venw Carver—Motion to ch: ads, Gregory and al. sequent with © 4 al. ads, Willsie—Motion to set side execution, or for a perpetual stay as against defer ant Wade~denied, with conte, The Mayor, ke. Ne York, in relation to 48th street—~Motion fot an order that clerk’ at N. York pay over moneys—granted, on giving proper security. —.fibany Atlas, June 5. Western Emicration pwards of 5,000 im- migrants have landed at Milwaukie since the commence- ment of navigation this season, and the presumption is, that the population of Wisconsin will increase the pre sent year at least 26,000, Arrest.<The Extraordinary © ro Slave rade. U, S. COMMISSIONETS’ OF FICK—REFORE COMMISSIONER T. S. RAPELJE. June 6th.—On the arrival of the U. 8. ship “ Columbus” at this port, Captain Cooper delivered to the custody of the Marshal, four seamen, named Joseph Carrol, David Henderson, James Lewis, (colored) and Abraham Post, late of the brig “ Hope,” of New York, who had been de- tivered to his charge by the Consul of Rio Janeiro, with the accompanying communicat ov THe U.S, 0, April 1, TS44 New York District, To the Marshal of the U. city of New York. Sin :—You are hereby required to receive from Capt. Cooper, commanding U. 8. ship “Columbus,” Joseph Carroll, David Henderson, James Lewis, and’ Abraham Post, late of the brig Hope, of Ne ‘These men are sent home as witnesses on the part of the U 8. against Cornelius F. Driscoll, late master of said vessel, charged with being engaged in the slave trade. ‘The proper documents and despatches, have been trans- mitted to the Hon. Secretary of State, and you will there fore keepthe men in safe custody, until you receive in- stroctious from the proper Department at Washington. It may be well to remark, that the witnesses came for- ward voluntarily, and gave their testimon: Tam respectfully, Sir, your obedient servant, GEO. W. SLOCUM, Consul U. 5. A. On the receipt of this communication, a warrant was issued, when Cuptain Driscoll was arrested at74 Beckman street, by Marshal Stilwell and officer Walsh, and lodged in the Tombs. Thecharge upon which he stands under arrest is for having been engaged in the slave trade on the coast of Africa, as owner of the brig “Hope.” On the 7th March, 1943, Driscoll sailed from New Yerk as owner and captain of the brig, which was laden with a cargo of tea and tobacco, bound for Gibraltar, in freight for’ Mr. Francia. Jubn Ulrick, of the state of Maine, was first mate, Bartlett Mansfleld, of Virginia, was the second mute, James Lewis, (colored,) was cook, Joseph Carroll, John Henderson, Joha Snously and George ¥ eae were seamen before the mast; Alvey Post and Gustavus Chuzotte were boys who went out, making a crew of ten men. ‘The vessel arrived at Gibraltar on the 28th March, when the Captain disposed of the cargo. ‘The vesgel immediate. ly sailed in ballast for Rio de Janeire, where she remained for twomonths, and then sailed for Victoria, a purt on the coast of Brazil, north of Rio, where she remained for about six weeks and took in a quantity of rum. She then sailed forthe coast of Africa, and put in at Cabinda, The cum, it appeared, wax shipped by a commercial agent of the United States, named Sote, at Victoria. The vessel, after taking on board on the coast of Africa 602 slaves, put oft for Rio, and the Captain, Driscoll, left with the crew in another vessel, the ‘“P poise,” for the same port. The American flag was hoisted during the taking in of the cargo of slaves, who were all naked, men, women and children, Driscoll sailed from Rio in the bark “Hebe,” on 28th January Jast, and arrived in Baltimore on 18th March. He subsequently removed to New York, and was in charge of the ship “Calhoun,” owned by Mr Hunter, of Maiden lane, in this city, at the time of his ar- reat. Mr. Barnett, on the part of the United States, opened the case and cited the acts under which the prisoner stood charged. ‘The Act of 45th May, 1820, provides that any citizen of the United States who should be found engaged in the slave trade, or should land on any foreign shore any slave, or should receive such negro with the inten- tion of making him aslave, shall eufler death. The Act 10th May, 1800, prohibited the treffic in slaves under a penalty of $2000 and two years imprisonment. He went, tor the present, for the mitigated penalty. Josxvd Cannot, sworn—1 was seaman on board the brig Hope, on her last voyage to Gibraltar; there were on board six seamen—Joseph Carroll, David Henderson, James Lewis, and Abnah Post, including the captain and firat mate; thu shipping articles stated we were bouad for Gibraltar, and from thence to Rio de Janeiro; we left on the 7th March, and had acargo of tobacco and tea on board; we arrived at Gibraltar und discharged the cargo; the veasel carried the American colors; we leit Gibraltar in April in ballast, and arrived in Rio on the 4th of June; we stopped for some time at Rio; the American Consul, Mr. Slocum, was residing there; I understood in hii sence we were to go on a voyage to Bah a Portuguese named Don Pedro, who ¢ vessel, and that he came with us forthat purpose; we left Rio Janeiro on the 4th of Aug. and arrived at a place called Victoria, on the Brazil coast; when we reached, we came to anchor in the harbor, and remained there two or three Captain Driscoll then gave orders to go to the oppo- sand discharge our bullast; after discharging onr we then took in a quantity of Brazilian firewood; Don Pedro was about the vessel when we took in fire- wood; we took in rum and 290 pipes that contained water; Captain Driscoll said they contained wood; we took in some planks and timbers suited for the slave trade; we also took in a box, about four feet high, represente? to contain pots: it contained an iron cooking machine, but two other boxes were taken on board, which the aptain. represented as containing soap; they contained handcutts, another chest was represented by the Captain to contain medicine, but it centained fire- Ms ; & vessel then cam m Rio Janeiro, and from that vessel we took in twenty-six cases of fre-arms ; we then got in provisions and took on board a Portuguese crew, and took Don Pedro on the voyoge with us. We sailed from Victoria on the 28d mmber, to the river Congo. ‘on the coast of Africa, Captain Driscoll acting as com. there were ten in number of the crew ; we ar- Congo, on the coast of Africa, on the 26th No- vember; we were bound to Port Helena, but did not reach; Don Pedro left the vessel when we landed near Helena, on the coust of Africa, and brought a eolored man named “Emanuel,” on board; the color- ed man went down the cabin and soon return telling the crew they were going to Cuben I understand the language ef the negroes ; Cabenda is little to the north on the River Congo. { had no other conversation with the captain as to the dettination of the vessel, save in the presence of the American consul. We had an American crew on board allthrough. We then removed the dry goods and the muskets on board the American brig Porpoise, staying there after our landing; we removed the liquor also, and then kept the handcuffs on board the Hope, as well as the pistols and the water; the following day the captain ordered a pig to be killed; he then said ho would disgharge me, ond let me go ubourd the Porpoise, and retarn home; I replied,I knew it; I then saw about 150 or 20) negroes coming down to the shore, aud they were put on board the Hope; there were about 600 negroes altogether came down to the ships; we went abourd the “Porpose,” and took the American flogs with us from the Hope; Captain Driscoll remained on board during the timo the negroes ware taking on board the “Hope:” when Captain Driscoll saw the men coming down he suid to us they were Kingo men, that were coming for the cargo; the American flag was flying while the ne- groes were taken on board; the “Hope” could take 600 negrocs vasily; rome time after leaving the “Hope” and going to the ‘Porpoise,” we saw a vessel in sight which we thought was a vessel of war; Captain Driscoll immedi- ately called us back from the poise” and desired 1s to bring back the American flag; we did so, and went aboard the Hope;and hoisted the American flag; the captain orde ont the negroes, and then he found it was a mistake about the vesselot war; the negroes were again ordered oujboard, and the captain ordered us to take down the flag, and erase the name of the versel; the name was blotted off by us; we then went again on board the Porpoise; | saw the negroes taken on board—602, men, women and boys; the men were naked; the women were partially covered; 1 saw the Hope put off; ain Driscoll then’ joined us in the Porpoise, and wo sailed for Rio; I saw the same crew that left in the Hope; I also saw and identified a female slave, which was put on board the Hope; I saw her with aman that said he bought her; Iwas then paid off by Captain Driscoll; the first mate of the vessel had a misun- derstanding with the captain, and he went to the Consul, I was sent for by the Consul, and we made our statement; we were arrested and sent on board the American brig Columbus. Cross-examined by Mr. Parcr—I saw aslave vessel often before, fully equipped ; I do not know whether Captain Driscoll wold that vessel to Don Pedro; I was always led to think that this was a regular contract on the purt of the Captain to, deliver the crew ; I was paid off $158, by the Captain ; the Consul sent for the second mate, and he re fused toanswer him; the American Consul, at Victoria, told me that the vessel was intended for the slave trade. Davin Hexpexson corroborated the testimo: f this witness, in relation to the sailing of the vessel to Victoria, and taking in of the 602 slaves. YOR THE DEFENCE. Gostaves Crvzorre, one of the boys who left on board the “Hope,” from this port, eworn.—I recollect the time of the landing of the vessel on the coastof Africa; the Captain waa on board the “ Porpoise,” and the flag was rained again; itwasdone for the purpose of saving the difficnlty in which the Hope was placed at the time of the expected appearance of the vessel of war. b 1 Hexowason, recalied,[ did not see the Captain act himself; but he gave directions to Don Pedro, in rela- tion to the taking in the slaves. ‘ Janes Lewrs (colored) proved that the Captain wes on bourd at the time of the taking in of the sla Axv7 Post corroborated the three former witnesses’ testi mony in relation to the taking of the slaves, and the American flag. ‘ond mate, corroborated the above wit- for the prisoner, put in as defence, old the vessel. After some argument between Mesers. Horraan and Banrerr, on the pert of the United States, and Mr Pace for the defence, who asked fur liberty to put in bail, the Court ruled the case to stand adjourned over to this morning—remanding the prigoner, at the samo time inti mating that the impression on the mind of the Court was, that the Commissioner had no power to take bail in such a case where felony is cherged. The Court then ad ourne d over. Common Pleas, Before Judge Daly. Joxe 6.—Joe Smith ve. The Corporation.—An action of trespass to rec tained by plain- tiff in conseqn 3d Avenue, by which a quantity of water was cs to flow over two acres of land on the Ist February, which destroyed a quantity of flowers and vegetables: i A sealed verdict will be ed this morning. Before Judge Kent June 6.—Smith vs. Vandervoort ef ale—In this case, re. " the Jury rendered a ver- ict for plaintiff $160, da Doherty ve. Hoag.—An action of assauit and battery com- mitted on Sth February. Verdict, $74 for plaintiff. Bigelow vs, Heaton.—An action of replevin. The Jury will render a verdict thia morning. Court of Errors. Jove 6—This Court ia progressing slowly with the Calendar. The Polka, or the Bohemian Girl to her Lover A NATIONAL Patan, The following graphic description of the far famed “Polka Dance” as Deseadly been given tothe world by the celebrated Frediika Bremer, the Edgeworth and Aus- tin of Sweden, in a work entitled “Strife and Peace.” of which a transiation has appeared from the pen of a kin- dred writer, the accomplished Mary Howitt. This dance, which is equall popular in Bohemia, ERY: Sweden, Norway, &c. “is,” saya Misa Bremer, “'! ly character- istic ; it paints the northern inhabitente’ highest joy in” life ; it is the Berserker gladness in the dance. Supported upon the arm of the woman, the man throws himself high inthe air; then catches her in bis arms, and swings round with her in wild circles ; then they separate, then they unite again, and whirl again round, ea it were in su- perubundance of life and delight. The measure is deter- mined, bold, and full of lite. It is a danee-intewication, in which people for the moment release them: every care, every burden and oppression of existence !” Dear youth, from the forest and mountain, Ob, come, "neath the wild cherry tree— My flax thread Pve washed in the fountain, ‘Come, love, dance the Polka with me ! Like the waves of the Elbe madly bounding, Let not the dark Wednyk affright, The Mandoline long has Bean sounding, Like Vilas we'll dance through the night} Dear youth, trom the forest nud mouptats, Oh, come, ‘neath the wild cherry tree— My flax thread I’ve washed in the fountain, Come, love, dance the Polka with me ! With the Garnets you gay ‘Those gems in our Gian’ Glen tound, ‘That our Burgrave himself should not scorn me, By my gold-hearted mother I'm crown’ There's life in my feet and my arms, lo ‘There's fire in my heartand my soul! 1 pant for the Polka’s wild charms, love, ‘Which each sorrow of life can control ! ‘Then come from the forest and mountain, Oh, come, ‘neath the wild cherry tree My flax thread I've washed in the fountain, Come, love, dance the Polka with me ! Like wine, that glad dance will inspire me, With transpore ‘twill thrill every vein— Did I dance through the night, twould not tire me— 1 would dance it at morning again ! ‘What rapture, when heart to heart joining— In thine eyes, love, as onwards We go, All its magical circles entwining, Tmust gaze, or I giddy should grow ! Then come from the fo: and mountain, Oh, come, ‘neath the wild cherry tree— My flux thread ve washed in the fountain, Come, love, dance the Pelka with me ! [New Monthly Maguzine. General Sessions, Before Recorder Tallmadge, and Aldermen Willliams snd evoe. Jonas B. Puntirs, Fsq., Acting District Attorney, June 6—The case of Alewander Hoag—D. Graham, and A. D. Russeil, Esqs., counsel for Hoag, indicted, convict- edand sentenced to the State prison for 4 years and 10 months for a grand Teroeny, in stealing money from Wil- liam Sorrell, appeared on behalf of their client and moved the Court that the prisoner be admitted to bail, ua the Supreme Court had set aside the verdict and judgment, und ordered a new trial in the case, on the production of a bill of exceptions laid before them. ‘The Acting Distnict Arronney strenuously oppesed the motion to admit the prisoner to bail. ‘The Court received the documents in relation to the Jate trial, &e. &c., and stated that at edme future time they would make an order in the case, not being prepared ak present to decide, if the ymotion of counsel should be ranted. - Case of E. F. Burke, convicted of a misdemeanor at the March term of the Court, and sentenced to the Peniten- tiary at the time for three months, aud to pay afine. J. L. White, Esq , moved the Court, and asked information in respect to the case, as Burke had not, up tothe present time, been removed to the Penitentiary, and the sentence of the Court consequently not carried into effect. ‘The Court stated that an order should at once be issued to the sheriff to appear and show cause why the jndg- ment of thie Court had not been carried into effect, and the reasons of the contempt shown the Court. Grand Larceny.— George Cummings was then tried for a grand larceny in stealing on the 8thof May from Wil- liam Niblo, of No. 676 Broadway, a check for $128 56 on the Leather Mannfacturers’ Bank, drawn by J. Swift, Esq. ‘The check was taken from Mrs. Niblo, and Mr. Niblo had never seen it. Mrs. Niblo was not in attendance, and as there was no testimony that it wes ever in Mr. Niblo’s possession, the evidence was defect hough the check was found in the prisoner's posteesion. ‘The jury were in- atrnoted by the Court, and they found verdict of not uilty. O tee of Guilty.—Harrison French pleaded guilty to a grand larceny, in stealing ® gold wetch end chain, worth $40, from Mra. Ann Jane Harrison, of 26 Beekman sirect, in April last. The Court sentenced him to the Btste Pri- son for, two years. The Hoag Case again.—At this stage of the proceedings the Court stated they had come to the decision net io admit Hoag to bail, and his counsel then withdrew the motion made to bail. Assault and’ Battery.—Simon Johuson was tried for an assault and battery on Dr. M.Corbett, No. 16 Duane street, committed on the 30th April last, by knocking him down. This was a fracas between two rival dectore— not guilty. ‘ine Reduced.--By order of the Court the fine nnposed yesterday on Nicholas Cassidy for a conspiracy to dv- raud, was reduced from $100 to $50. The alleged Contempt nf Court --In the care of E. F. Burke, the Sheriff came into Court and stated that he was not aware that Burke was still remaining in the city prison, The commitment it seems had been sent to Black- well’s Ialand, but not the prisoner, probably a mistake, and the Court deeming the ex, ftunation satisfactory, the matter for the present rests. Adjourned to Friday next at 11 o'clock. Superior Court. Before Judge Vanderpoel. Jone 6.—Cram vs Lowery, et al.—An action of assumpsit to recover the amount of a promissary note made by a Mr. A. McIntire, and made payable into the Commercial Bank at Manchester, Mississippi, in 6 months ; and alo to recover the amount of certain bills of account, to the amount of $7000, on certain dealings. Defendants, it was alleged, became ‘responsible for the payment of the note drawn by McIntire, amount $7284, in the event of bis not taking it up at ‘the expiration of date. The note was presented in due course for payment, and was not taken up. The case is one of litigated account and stands ad- journed over to this merning. U. S. District Court. Before Judge Betty. Joxe 6.—Bankruptcy—His Honor was engaged in hearing motions this day, but made no decisions. Court Calendar—Th: Common Pinas—Nos. 10, 24, 49, Cuncurt Count—Nos Surenion Court—Nor, 8, , 26, 27, 28, 29, 3 34. Day. 27, 5, 6, 45, 47, 62, 21, 40, 170K OF THK New York Henany :— report in your paper of this morning, of a g in the Common Pleas, headed, “Hxtraerdini case of high handed oppression the representations made by Capt Trumble, the com. laining party, but it is grossly erroneous in the facts a jd. Capt. Trumb! t into the house by unlawful means, and then promised to leave it on the first of this month, and although he broke hia promise, he was not violently nor unlawfully disposses that he ever offered to pay rent, pu all which, with other circumstances of wrong on his part, vill appear in proof, if the suit he has brought shall ever come totrial. The public, it is hoped, will leave the mat- ter to be judged of on its merits at that time. Yours, & JOHN GILHOOLY. nay perhaps agree wit! Tonxano.—Eicut Houses nLown pown—Two Sreamers Invorep—Timngr BLOwN pows, &c.— We learn by the officers of the Sea Bird, arrived st our wharf from below, that a tornado sweptover the country bordering on the Ohio on Saardey last devastating whole clnsters of timber to an extent not yet known. At Smith- land tour or five buildings were blown down, and the Sui- (ana, lying at the wharf, had both her chimnies carried away. At Paducah three of four houses were blown over. ‘The Sea Bird lost her pilot house three miles above New Madrid. It in feared that immense damages have been done to the country below Smithland. We did not hear that there were any lives lost, but from the accounts which we gather of the violence of the storm, we should not be surprised to hear ro hy the next arrival— Cincinnati Courier, May 31. Extinction or Trers.— The fragrant locust tree, we apprehend will become extinct in this region. ‘Their destruction hax been threatened for many years, pears to bw cousiimmeted. We lately noticed sar the gate of the Pawtucket a grove of there trees, turnpike, which were wout in times past to regale the traveller with their rich perfumes, now standing withont i green leaf or a bad; and extending our observation 1 that the mortality of that clase of trees was general. The Sycamore, or button wood, f# also accompanying the locust, in the road to decay a1 i ‘They exhibited symptoms of disease abo farther, we pe’ throughout the country, but were thought to ered. This year, however, they leaved and since the loaves have curled, their doom is Providence Heratd. Anorner Hon Rise.—Immediately after that heavy shower yesterday morning, Lake Poydras rose to so alarming an extent that boxes, bales, and bar- rels were swept from the sidewalks and floated down the «wift current in most enviable confusion. On either shore of the wide lake were congregated crowds of our citizens, anxiously waiting tor the waters to subside. How would na ferry across Poydras street oo or perhaps adrawbridge would be better. A party of Mexican cergadores—fellows who stand at the prineipal crossings of the streets of Mex- iso to carry passengers over on their shoulders aiter heavy showers—wauld have had a fine run of custom yesterday morning—in fact at several times during the day —New Orleans Picayune, May 29 Srooxrn'’s Case.—Lysander Spooner of the Ame- rican mail company, was yesterday discharged bn comunearball, by Jiige Randall of the U. District Couri,onfour of the charges preferred against: him tor carrying letters on post-rontes contrary to law, ‘The pro ceedings in some of the cares were quashed. The trial of the remaining cases will xettle an important principle tn relation to the right of private persons to carry letters for pay.— Philadelphia paper, June 6.