The New York Herald Newspaper, November 22, 1843, Page 1

THE NEW YORK HERALD. Vol. IX., No, 310—Whole No. 3532. NEW YORK, WEDNESDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 22, 1843. SIXTEEN DAYS LATER FROM EUROPE. ARRIVAL OF THE CALEDONIA. BY HARNDEN & CO.’S EXPRESS. Highly Important Movement by the Bri. tish Government—-Commercial Helations with the United States—-Movements in Ireland—Commencement of the Conspira- cy Trials in Ireland—Fall in Cotton—Ar- rival of the Over-Land Matl—-Horrible Massacre In Corea--Repealers turned States Evidences—Ribbonism in Ireland—War of the Petticoatsin Catalonia—More Kevolu. tions in Spain—Spectacle in Greece—Its American Aspect—Free Trade—Triumph tn London, &eo. dic. The steamer Caledonia arrived at Boston last Monday. Our letters aud papers are from London and Li- verpool to the 4th inst. We are indebted to Wilmer & Smith’s European Times and to our English, Irish, and French files, for the following extracts. The most important piece of intelligence brought by this packet is the announcement in the London Morning Herald that Lord Aberdeen had re-esta- bhshed political relations with the United States, and was ready and willing to negotiate such ex- tended commercial relations as shall benefit both countries without injuring either. This intelli- gence will put a new face on affairs in Washington. It was the purpose of our government to recom- mend the annexation of ‘Yexas to this Union, and bid defiance to Great Britain, unless that govern- ment made some concessions to America in a com- mercial arrangement. It will not be strange, there- fore, that the above movement on the part of Lord Aberdeen may wholly change the intended policy of the cabinet at Washington: The Cotton Market was on the decline, as was expected. One of the most striking domestic events of late years is the result of the city of London election.— It has astonished both parties. The commercial metropolis of the world has unequivocally declared its aherence to those principles of free trade which have been recently promulgated with such energy by Messrs. Cobden, Bright and others. London is now the head quarters of the League. ‘The city of London election has terminated with Mr. Pattison being pronounced the successful can- didate, after a pretty sharp contest. The official declaration of the poll took place at Guildhall, when the sheriffs declared the numbers to be—For Mr. Pattison, 7,582; Mr. Baring, 6,367; majority for Mr Pattison, 165. The Acadia entered the Mersey early on the morning of the 29th ultimo, having performed the passage from Halifax in ten days and nine hours. The Great Western arrived at Liverpool on the Ist inst. after an excellent run of twelve days and seventeen hours from New York. The Louis Phillipe and St. Nichols had arrived at Havre. The Cambridge and George Washington had arrived out. Ole Bull, it will be seen, is among the passen- gers in the Caledonia. Our Minister in London had gone to visit Lord and Lady Braybrooke. The Congress, United States frigate, from Alex- andria, was admitted to partique, at Malta, on the 5th ult., having been the first vessel to fall under the advantage of a reduced quarantine, which,with a clean bill of health, is now only 12 days. Efforts are making to fish up the remains of the Missouri, at Gibraltar. The Grand Duke Michael of Russia and the Duke of Bordeaux have vtsited Scotland. The former has since left for home. The Court of the Queen’s Bench, Dublin, opened for the trial of O'Connell and his brother agitators onthe 2d. The indictments covered the enormous space of thirty-three skins of parchment. An at- tempt has been made to indict the government re- porter, on whose testimony every thing depends, for perjury. No part of the evidence had been giv- en in when the Caledonia sailed. A special commission has been opened in Wales, by Mr. Baron Gurney and Mr. Justice Creaswell, for the trial of the parties connected with the late Rebecca riots. The proceedings occupied three days. One of the ringleaders was found guilty, and sentenced to twenty years’ transportation. The state of things were quiet in England, and although the disturbances in Wales, and the repeal agitation in Ireland were not at an end, they were not marked by any considerable excitement. Inboth countries the scene of interest had been transferred to the courts of justice, the proceedings in which were going on quietly. There was a destructive storm in Liverpool and its neighborhood on the 28th, which occasioned much damage to property, and the Joss of several lives. There has been a good deal of damage suffered by the coasting vessels of the northern shores of Ireland. Intelligence has been received of aninsurrection- ary movement at Vigo, in Spain, infavor of Espar- tero, but the particulars are rather indefinite. ‘The most pressing orders had been issued by the French Admiralty to the Maritime Prefect of L’- Orient, to the effect of hastening the armament ofthe four transatlantic steamers--Caraibe, Phoque, Es- padon, and Cuvier, constructed in that harbor, and an additional sum of 20,000 francs had been placed at the disposal of that functaonary, to be distributed as a gratification among the workmen engaged in that task. According to the French papers, 3000 persons, with their families, amounting altogether to about 15,000 individuals, have emigrated from France to Algeria since the Ist of January. According to letters from Ancona, a volcano ap- peared last month in the rocky island of Melada, situated in the Adriatic, mear Ragusa. On the night of the 15th, eruption from seven distinct cra- ters were observed. ‘The foreign news of the last fortnight, previous to the sailing of the Caledonia, was uninter- esting, with the exception of that from Italy, in the affairs of which Austria has determined to inter- fere. A letter from Bologna of the 16th ult. states that fresh disturbances had taken place in that city and its neighborhood. On the evening of the 3d the populace came to blows with the Carbineers and Swiss in the streets of Borgo, San Pietro and San Donato. Four soldiers and a workman were dan- gerously wounded. ‘The Augsburg Gazette, of the 5th inst., states that a protest against the late revolution in Greece may be expected to be made by the Emperor of Russia, which would, no doubt, produce difficul- ties similar to those which arose on the Servian question. Several of the continental papers persist in the as- sertion that a congress of the five great powers will be held forthwith in some townin Germany forthe purpose of discussing the affairs of Spain. ‘The British schooner Teazer,of London,has been seized at Lisbon, by the Portuguese governmant, foy attempting to carry away a large quantity of the gold goin of the realm; such a thing being strictly prohibited, and by law a capital crime. The king of Hanover has distributed large num- bers of decorations of the Guelphic Order of Knight- hood to officers inthe Austrian army, which ex- cites some jealousy amongst the remnants of Eng- lish chivalry. The Augsburg Gazette states that Coletti and Mavrocordato have both been recalled to Athens, to take part inthe government. Every thing was tranquil there at the last accounts. The Dusseldorff Gazette states, from Berlin, that the Emperor of Russia has undertaken to use his influence with Duke Charles of Brunswick, to pre- vent his contracting a marriage, so that there may be an attempt to dispute the succession to the reigning Duke. The Malta papers are beginning to hold the most seditious language, recommending a revolt to the Italians in the most inflammatory style. Reschid Pacha has been recalled from his office bal seeds of Jerusalem, both on account of his inefficiency, and a desire to conciliate France for the late outrage upon her flag. Latest accounts from Port Natal state that great excitement had been pradiced along the frontiers by the murder of two English settlers in the neigh- borhood of Bathurst, who had followed the spoor of the Caffres for ihe, panes of eceenhe: sme of the stolen cattle. There are only 20 soldiers to guard a frontier of 200 miles. The Chartist convention at Birmingham started the notable project of prirohasing about 1000 acres of land, to be divided into small alottments, for which £100,000 was appropriated. The oldy rojected plan of a railroad across the Desert is hein revived very earnestly,'and it is gene- rally believed, that if it be really set on foot, Mr. Galloway, the Brother of Galloway Bey, will be the man to carry it out. Tue DererMINaTiON oF THE BisHors.—The last number of the Westminster Review states, as a well known fact, “‘that it is the deliberate determi- nation of the Bishops (with three exceptions,) that no scheme of national education shall receive their sanction which does not leave the appointment of schoolmasters in the hands of the clergy.”” Sate_or American CHEESE aT LivERroor.— About 2500 boxes of American cheese were offered at public sale here this week, of which fully 1600 sold, chiefly from 40s to 52s 6d per cwt. witha few inferior and out of condition, at rather less prices. Such of the parcels as were in good condition and ossessed quality, were spiritedly competed for.— ‘he trade in this article at this port is becoming one of rary considerable importance, and we un- derstand that the American farmers are paying more attention to the make, so as to adapt it better to the English taste. The Cambridge, which ar. rived on Friday, brought upwards of packages, and a further supply is toned to have arrived i the GeorgeyWashington, from New York.—Liver- pool Albion. Ireland. _ Ireland continues quiet. The country is exten- sively occupied by troops—in fact, the whole avail- able force of the British army has been thrown in- to it—the agitation, somewhat subsided in tone, but equally effective in action, continues—the Re- peal coffers are swelled by thousands weekly—the much talked of Conciliation Hall has been opened —two or three men of mark have joined the move- ment just at the moment it became critical—and the proceedings against the agitators in connexion with the unhappy blunder of the government short hand writer respecting the identity of Mr. Barrett, coupled with the present jury panel, and other mat- ters, lead to the belief that the whole affair hasbeen managed badly. Q ‘ Reports gain ground in Dublin that Sir Robert Peel contemplates some comprehensive policy in respect to Irish grievances. The Dublin correspon- dent of the Morning Chromicle asserts that an of- ficial gentleman, who has been at work for six months, is engaged in completing by the next ses- sion of Parliament, an elaborate statement of the revenues of the irish Gnuren Establishment, ar- ranged in a tabular torm, emoracing each individu- al pansh, and specifying the income of the incum- bent, the number of Protestant parishioners, whether or not there 1s a church 3n the parish and other details DANIEL’S LAMENT FOR REPALE. Och! murther, what's this for? this big proclamation Has made quite 'a hubbub, and fine botheration,} It may clane put a gre to our lov'd agitation, nd bother myself and my tail. Oh, dear, what can the matter be? Murther in Irish, boys, what can‘the matter be? Och, mille murther dear, what can the matther be? Gone are the rint and repale. Sure bap ¢ a thousand I pocketed nately, ‘While Paddy ng’er dreamt that I gulled him so swately, But Sugden and Co. have destroyed me complately, And humbug’d myself and my tail. Oh, dear, what can the matther be? Dear, dear, what can the matther be? ‘What can a substitute for our great clatther be? And must I abandon repale? Notwithstanding my talk about free legislation, My endeavours to put down the Peel ‘ministration, My humbug about Ireland’s heavy taxation, I'm left by myself to bewail. Oh, dear, what can the matther be? This proclamation has come out to bother me. Nought can a substitute for our great clatther be, If we cannot still shout for repale. Assistance I oft refused from foreign powers, ‘Who promised to come to this green land of ours, And send forth their bullets as thick as hail-showers, To get me my darlin’ repale. Oh, dear, what can the matther be? Dear, dear, what can the matther be? Oh, milleymurther, what can the matther be? I'm bothered and left to bewail. Farewell, I must finish this deep lamentation, If | can't longer gull the poor dupes of the nation. Nor kick up a row about pace agitation, Farewell to the rint and repale. Oh, dear, what can the matther be? What can a substitute for our great clatther be? This proclamation has come out to bother me, It has bothered myself and my tail The “Ribbon Aig ba as itis called, seems to be still unchecked 1m Ireland, notwithstandin the apparently passive condition of the Repeal Movement. ‘It appears,” says the Sligo Journal, “to have kept pace wath the repeal movement. In many parts of this county it 1s as dangerous to tra- vel late at night without a repeal card as without a ribbon sign. We stated a few weeks since that a fight took place in the streets of Sligo about the ap- pointment of ribbon delegates, the parties having quarrelled on the subject. Without any direct de- nial of our assertion, the organ of the Liberal par- ty here, in its publication of the following day ’ stated it with a faction fight between two townlands. Next week the writer was better instructed ; it was admitted that it was the result of ribbon movements. Such is the admitted state of this county; the Ribbon conspiracy is in such active development that public fights take place in the streets of Shgo relative to the appointment of officers ‘to the association. It has grown up in darkness and obscurity. After all the efforts of the executive— after the many prosecutions which took place du- ring the last year—it still exists in increased strength, and with perfect impunity.” Tree Bins or INpretment.—Dvaciy, Friday Night.—‘The Grand Jury assembled this morning at a few minutes before 11 o’clock, when bills of in- dictment were laid before them, charging Mr. O'Connell and others with “Conspiracy and other Misdemeanors.” A long discussion took place as to the mode of proceeding, when it was agreed that the indictment and the informations should be read atlength. This having been done, it was intimated that witnesses were in attendance to sustain the several charges set down in the indictment. Upto four o’clock the examination of witnesses had not commenced, and as the number in attendance is about 35, it is believed that the bills will not be returned till to- morrow (Saturday, 4th of November) evening. There is, however, no doubt entertained as to the finding of “‘trae bills.” Should the question go to a division, there are eighteen Tories to five Libe- rals, and a majority of the Grand Jury is only ne- cessary to return the bills, there is no question as to the result, I must inform you that, during the last few days, strange rumors are afloat as to certain. members of the committee of the Repeal Association having in plain terms sold themselves to the Castle, and trust they will be brought forward to maintain the case on the part of the Crown. | _ Of course, it would be injudicious in me to men- tion names, but that sucha rumor is afloat and cur- rently believed, is beyond question. The result only can prove its correctness, nor should I feel sur- prised at the rumor proving true. The Repealers have endeavored to get upa coun- ter prosecution. Mr. Barrett, attended by jis coun- sel, Mr. Donough, and a perry of friends, appeared at College street Police office, on Friday week, to lay informations against Frederick Bond Hughes, the government short hand writer, for perjury. In the depositions, on which the warrant against O'Connell and his friends proceeded, Mr. Hughes stated that Mr. Barrett, the editor of the Pilot, was among those who attended the meeting of the Re- peal Association in Calvert’s Theatre, and at the anquet on the 9th of October; whereas Mr. Bar- rett was provided with thirteen witnesses to swear that he was all the time at his own house, four miles from, Dublin. The magistrates objected to receive the informations in the absence of the party accused, or at least until he had been summoned to attend. It was rejoined that Mr, Hughes had left Ireland, and the prosecutor did not know where to serve the summons. The magistrates said, that atall events one might be served at the place of Mr. Hughes’ residence in Dublin; and, in order to that preliminary formality, tne party left the office. On Saturdey they re-appeared; and Mr. Hitchcock, the spokesman for the magistrates, said that the Bench had come to the conclusion that Be could not entertain the application at that stage of the proceedings, as it had always been the. prac- tice not to interfere in a case of the kind until the | original case had been decided by another tribunal. A long discussion ensued on the fegality of the pro- cedure, which ended inthe magistrates definitively refusing to take the informations. f i" Repeal meetings have been held in_ different wards of Dublin, and resolutions passed in support of O'Connell. At one of these, in the Post office Ward, on Saturday, he gave an explanation re- specting what he had said on the previous Monday about a Federal Parliament :— “It had been most erroneously supposed by some per- song that he had changed his mind on the subject of Re- peal. It w: arcely necessary for him to say that any such impression was totally erroneous. He had merely repeated on Monday what he had often before, and long since, stated on the subject of a movement then in con- templation respecting the attainment of a Federal Parlia- ment. But then, as well as on Monday last, he fully re- tained his own opinion that nothing short of Repeal could or ought to satisfy the people of Ireland, and that nothin; else would afford an efficient remedy ‘for the manifol grievances of the country. He was firmly attached to the principle of independent legislation ; but having reason to believe that a movement for a Federal Purlia- ment would rally a considerable and influential party, he had expressed himself ready to make the experiment, be- cause he fel ious that the result ‘would be a still deeper conviction that in Repeal alone the true remedy would be found. He had been promised the support of & very powerful party in England, and he had reason also to calculate upon the adhesion of a very influential party in Ireland. By the post of to-morrow he would probably know to what extent the English party he alluded to would be prepared to co-operate with him. But he belie- ved he might then state, that the Irish party upon whose aid and co-operation he had been led to calculate were nei- ther so numerous nor so influential as he had imagined. Most grateful was he, however, to both, for their good wishes; to his English friends he was doubly grateful :— but while entertaining and expressing these opinions, he was bound to declare, that he was still of opinion that it was only in an Irish House of Commons, and in an Irish House of Lords, that the wrongs of Ireland could be re- dressed and the rights of Ireland maintained. At a meeting in St. Audeon’s Ward, on Sunday, he made the following odd declaration :— Give me six _monthe of perfect peace, and Il give you my head on a block, if at the end of that time you have not a Parliament in College Green ! The “Conciliation Hall” was opened on Monday week, and the weekly meeting of the Repeal Asso- ciation was held there. This building is close by the Corn Exchange, occupying a frontage of sixty feet on the quay and a depth of one hundred feet. The front is stuccoed and ornamented with pilas- ters, Brian Boroihme’s harp, a crown, and other decorations. In a conspicuous part is the inscrip- tion—‘* The Repeal Year, 1843”—surrounded by a wreath of shamrock. The interior, still unfinished, looked cold and cheerless, with bare planks and festoons of shavings ; but it is tobe very handsome. The Chair for the chairman is on a dais; on another dais is a chair for the Liberator; near which is to be his statue, and a picture of him was already placed over the Chairman’s seat. Two enclosures were set apart for the Secretary, and for newspaper peparare: Three separate spaces were allotted for subscribers of £1, collectors of twenty associates’ shillings, and the onejshilling associates themselves. The Hall is intended to hold 4,000 persons; and an hout or two before, the time of meeting it was crowded. A government short-hand writer was present. On the motion of O'Connell, John Au- gustus O'Neill, of Bunowen Castle, was called to the chair. He made a speech of two hours in length ; of which great part was devoted to defend- ing his former speech at the Corn Exchange from attacks that_had heen made npon it, complaints against the Dublin reporters for not doing it justice, and to reiterating the assurance that the Repealers intended no injury to the Irish Protestants. He claimed the Duke of Kent as having ‘‘ sympathized” with the people of Ireland. He personally knew that there were letters in Dublin from the Duke of Kent, in his own writing, breathing the greatest and purest affection for Ireland, and expressing @ wish to be appointed Lord Lieutenant at acertain critical period. Now he referred to it because he wished that the Government would inquire if he would be able to prove his assertions; and also that the Queen should be informed that such letters of her illustrious father were in existence. [Great cheering] He hoped and he courted an opportunity of proving his assertion; and he made that statement that the people of Ireland might know that the Queen was the daughter of a friend of the people. (Cheers.) O’Connell began thus— I wish that the first sentence which I hi this Conciliation Hall, formed now as it i bly, shall be this truth, that there is but one w the repeal of the Union, and that is by strictl; means. [Cheers.] My second sentence, and the only one Tehall utter before 1 {and in money, is that the Repeal is certain. (Deafening applause.} Having handed in various sums of money, O’Con- nell moved that Wm. Smith O’Brien, M.P. for the County of Limerick, be admitted a member of the Association—carried, of course, by acclamation; oe ues he read a letter from the new convert to epeal. hat letter, remarked Mr. O'Connell, was not a document—it was a fact in history. | He reverted to his previous remarks about Federalism; declared that he looked to Repeal, but he would reject the assistance of no man who went any part of the way with him. | He moved that Mr, OBrien’s letter be ae and a copy of it transmitted toevery Mem- er of both Houses of Parliament. That motion di dof, O'Connell went on to assail the ‘* ca- \ letters” of “ Philalethes,” in the Morn- ing Chronicle; the author of which he denounced by name— “The writer of these letters was a Mr. Trevelyan, a Se- cretar of the Treasury, who was brought into office by the Whigs, and had been for some time in the Indies, where he was laughed at by the people, as he was now by the inhabi- tants of this country, for his absurd statements. Some pees spoke of a whig coalition; but what was the con- uct of the whigs towards them in this instance. The or- ‘an of the whigs, the Morning Chronicle, published Mr ‘revelyan’s two letters immediately after the issuing of the proclamation. He blamed Mr. Trevelyan for falsify. ing history. He did not say on the other topics in his lét- ter he was a liar, though he might believe so himself, for that was the stupid formation of his mind; but, as regards history, he asserted what was not true, and no word was too harsh for him. He had the extreme atdacity of as- serting that the rebellion of 1798 was a Popish rebellion : what was the fact? Why, the leading men in that out- break were Protestants or Presbyterians. It began in the North of Ireland : it was in Belfast the treasonable conspi- racy was formed, and it was formed exclusively of Protes- tants and Presbyterians, It was a shame fand disgrace for any man in the Treasury of England to falsify history in that manner.” On the part of Steele, the Liberator prefer- red a fresh charge against Mr. Hughes. Mr. Steele had been blamed for not having prose- cuted Mr. Hughes for perjury; but, seeing that in- formations on the same ground had been refused, he thought there would not be at present any use in commencing a prosecution. It appeared that Mr. Bond Hughes had sworn that Mr. Steele, ata meeting of the Repeal Association, made use of these lines— “Behemoth, biggest born of earth, Upheaved its vastness.” Now Steele had never used the lines; but he was in the habit of reporting his own speeches, and when wnitIng his speech for the Freeman’s Jour- nal, he had put themin; and Mr. Hughes had thought it proper to make use of them in his infor- mations. The Repeal rent for the week was declared to be £2,284; and the meeting adjourned till next to utter in ‘an assem: y to obtain peaceable day. The Association met again on Tuesday. Three points may be noted for their curiosity. “Some _ of the “Liberal” reporters had objected to associating with the government short hand writer; and ac- cordingly a separate desk was provided for him, la- belled “for the government reporters.” O'Neill sent a letter complaining of the reports of his speeeh in the Dublin papers, which did not at all convey his ideas; and O’Connell moved thatO’ Neill be requested tolfurnish an authentic copy of his speech, to be print- ed and circuiated by the Association. The Rey. Tre- sham Gregg procured admittance, and with much importunity and profession of a desire to observe rules, obtained a hearing for something which he had to say of a “conciliatory” kind: it proved that he objected, as a wrong against himself, to a reso- lution passed by the Association, “that the thanks of the Irish people are due to Mr, O’Brien for his letter!” He endeavored to extend his observations but was quietly ejected. Business was then_pro- ceeded with. A letter was read from Mr. Caleb Powell, Mr. Smith O’Brien’s colleague in the re- presentation of Limerick, intimating his adhesion to the Association, and enclosing £5 as his sub- scription. Mr. O'Connell recurred to the letters of Mr. Trevelyan— He was, O'Connell understood, a brother-in-law or some near relative of Mr. B. Macaulay some connexion with the Whigs, though he was an em- ye of the Tories. He had he was a gentleman of | some talent, but of great irritability of temperament, and | therefore very likely to be made a foot of by every shrewd | Irishman who came across him. Among other falsehoods | he had stated that the Protestants of Munster were afraid | of Repeal, because, they thought, if carried, it would en- danger their lives ‘and properties, Now, he gave ¥ Phila- | lethes,’ as a set-off to that statement, two Protestants of | Munster, Mr. W.S. O'Brien, who, with all his connex- | ions, was Prote .'C. Powell, whose family had been Protestant from the time they had come to Ireland. | Both these Munster Protestants were Repealers. He wondered at the Chyonicle’s insertion of these shameful letters. He told Sir John Easthope, it was more than his | Baronetcy was worth to join against the I ch a time as the present. (Loud cheers, | derstood, too, that an nnhappy Irishman named Dey | was the editor ofthe paper ; but that was only anotl le under- er thing were to be done against Ireland, there could alw: be found an Irishman to do it.” (Cheers and groans.) Letters were read from Sir R. Musgrave, Sir C. Wolseley, of Staffordshire, and Mr. R. de la Poer ys the two latter enclosing subscriptions. O’Conne! made more He advocated “conciliation” of all classes. wished to conciliate England, but he saw no pros- pect of success were he to attempt it— He had received a letter from an American gentleman who had travelled in England, and who declared to him that he found the people of that country, not excepting the most wealthy classes, unanimous only in the disgust, hatred, and contempt which they hore towards the peo of Ireland. The whigs were at present engaged in a by battle of their own, endeavoring to filch power for them- selves, to steal into authority, and to make use of Ireland as an instrument for that purpose; although, with charac- teristi¢ duplicity and falsehood, they would trample her under foot the moment they obtained it. The whigs, there- fore, he did not want to conciliate, for he thought*them a false and treacherous party. It was said that they ought to conciliate certain reformers of England, with Joseph Sturge at their head: but their num! ber was small, and not likely to increase. Noone more desired that they might become strong and powerful than he did; but he confessed that his apprehension on the snb- ject exceeded his hopes He most wanted to conciliate all Ireland, inelu- ding the Presbyterians of the North. Ireland could only be restored to her place as a nation by Pro- testant, Presbyterian, and Catholic amalgamating themselves as Irishmen, and he called on all Irish- men to unite themselves for Repeal, on the basis of freedom of conscience to all men, ascendancy to none. A committee was instructed to prepare an address setting forth the declaration of that principle. Ae O'Connell stated, that in consequence of the irri- tated state of the country, the parish meetings to petition the Queen and Parliament would not be simultaneous, but barony after barony would be enrolled successively. The meeting adjourned to Monday. Mr. G’Connell has issued a new address— TO THE PEOPLE OF IRELAND. Merrron-squanr, 20th October. ‘The nations have fallen, but thou still art young, ‘Thy star is but rising, whilst others have set ; And though slavery’s cloud o’er thy morning hath hung, The full noon of freedom shall beam round thee yet. Brioven Frtiow-countrymen—We are engaged in the most noble experiment that ever was made by man or na- tion, the endeavoring to obtain the restoration of political franchises and rights of which we have been iniquitously despoiled, and the achieving of that restoration by means purely and entirely peaceable and legal. This is my great experiment. I have desired, and Iam endeavoring to prove to the world, that the moral combi- nation of the people is the most potent means of procuring the amelioration of the institutions of any country. The achievement of Catholic Emancipation ‘was one such proof. ‘The abrogation of the Legislative Union, by the repeal of the statute 40th, George IIT., ¢. 38, will be the second. We, fellow-countrymen, have worked ont the first part of our experiment completely. We have held some twen- ty monster meetings, to demonstate the intensity and uni- versality of the desire of the Irish people for the restora- tion of their domestic parliament, So many human beings never congregated together for peaceful purposes as have assembled at those meetings. There may be a difference as to the amount by 20,000, 50,000 or 100,000; but there is no doubt at all that such immense multitudes never as- sembled before, and that at least one of them considerably exceeded 600,000 human souls. This fact is certain--that some twenty meetings of the largest unarmed multitudes that ever assembled were con- gregated together in Ireland during the past summer. There is another fact equally certain—that at no one of these meetings did any act, however slight, of force, vio- lence, assault, or breach of the peace occur. Dwell upon this, all generous believers in the ameliora- tion of the human race, wherever you be, throughout the world. Console yourselves with the conviction that men can meet in countless myriads without the slightest viola- tion of peace, of order, of decorum, of civility. There is one additional characteristic of our multitudi- nous Irish meetings—that so disposed were the people to avoid all acts of force, even for individual socommodation, that not so much as a single personal injury occurred,even accidentally, ut any of those meetings. The experiments was thus complete in both its parts— firstly, in showing the unanimous, universal will of the pele fee favor of the repeal of the 40th George III. c. 38, called the “Union Statute ;” secondly, in the proof we gave of the perfect order, decorum, and thoroughly peace able conduct of the Irish people. Nor was this experiment spoiled by the mncalled-for pro- clamation directed against the Clontarf meeting. On the contrary, the ready submission to a proclamation which we deemed, and still deem, illegal—the perfect obedience of the people to the advice of their guides and leaders—the promptitude with which they abandoned all idea of hold- ing the meeting the very moment those guides and leadere toldthem they Non to abandon it—the perfect control over every exciting passion and irritating provocation which the Irish have since displayed, and are displaying zihave al. all given practical prooft to the fullest demon- stration, that the lessons of peace inculcated by thesr lead: ers,have been fully understood and adopted into their pop lar sentiment, and have become the fixed and unalterable rule of their political conduct. Yes ; the proclamation has demonstrated that the Irish people are too well convinced of the strict propriety of ene demeanor, not only to be desirous of, but to be Incapable of being provoked into any even the slightest force, violence, or breach of the peace. Yes ; the proclamation has come to place beyond all doubt the cheerful alacrity with which the Irish a e- termined to adhere to their glorious sentiment, tha manently useful political changes can be best attain peaceable and moral means ; and that no political change can be worth the price of any one crime, and, above all. of one single drop of human blood. Shall I be asked, what then, is it I require of the Irish people? They have honored me with a confidence more unlimited than ever was bestowed before by @ nation on a single individual. My duty is to advise them with some thing of the force of that influence which almost resem- bles a command. My advice is twofold: I advise perseverance in two lifferent but essentially connected topics— First, foremost, and above all, | advise perseverance in peace and order ; perseverance in avoiding any species of riot or violence whatsoever, no matter what the provoca- tion may be, no matter what’the vexation, still, peace, or- jer, total absence of all violence. In all and every event, pence, order and absence of violence; and I eepe- cially say—whatever be the event of the pending prose- cutions—] e, order, and ne violence. Indeed, this advice is a superfluous ry event, I reiterate—j e, order, ani The second topic upon which I recantion. no violence. ces left open to procure the Repeal of the Union Statut That Repeal must not be abanioned. ‘On the ‘contrary, ead event that is taking place proves more clearly the absolute necessity of a local Parliament, sanctioned by her Majesty, and connected in an inviolable bond with her British dominions by the golden and unonerous link of the crown of our revered Sovereign, Queen Victoria. Persevere in peace, order, loyalty, and allegiance. Per- severe in constitutional exertion for obtaining the repeal of the obnoxious statute. Prosecutions never yet extinguished a great public cause, Prosecutions may or may not retard, but they cannot terminate tne struggles to obtain ameliorated insti- tions, Tere were several prosecutions in order to extin- guish the struggle for emancipation. Yet emancipation was triumphantly carried. There were unnumbered pro- secutions to extinguish the cause of Parliamentary Reform yet a large instalment of Parliamentary’ Reform was nevertheless triumphantly obtained. The present rosecutions may be intended fo extinguish the cause of ‘epeal. As well may a schoolboy’s rattle be used to over: power the thunder of the ocean waves. Dropping figura- tive language, | can assert in firm sobriety and truth, that the pending prosecutions, even should they delay, yet they cannot sibly prevent the attainment by the Irish nation of their right to a domestic Parliament; but on the contrary, their effect must be to increase the necessity for the existence of the Irish Legislature—in other words, for the repeal of the statute of the 40th of George III. c. 38, People of Ireland! he patient—be ‘persevering. Follow out the experiment in which we are now en |, to ob. tain our political objects by peaceable means. It is a noble experiment that of endeavoring to obtain the restoration of political franchises and rights by the use of means strictly and exclusively peaceable and legal. Ralfy round me in this noble experiment, this glorious struggle. Be not abashed, be not (oh ! need I say it?) be net tmayed. Peace, order, tranquility, these are our arms, With these we are certain of success, Persevere, and your country will be a nation ag: dissolubly connected with Great Britain, but legislatin, for herself. Persevere, firmly and peaceably, and the Re- peal is certain. Tam, and always will be, Your ever faithfal servant, DANIEL O'CONNELL. O’Connell’s retreat from the bargain by which he was to descend from eal to Federalism, in con- sideration of aid from Federalists, and the advo- dates of Complete Suffrage in England, may derive some illustration from such sages as this, ex- tracted from the Nation, indicating’ dissatisfaction among his more ardent supporters— With the Conciliation Hall,on Monday, will open o new and vigorous agitation. ‘That day, it is understood, will witness some remarkable accessions to our ranks ; and it may be gathered from the proceedings of the last which would argue people at | fulness (which lost 40 many Belds to | proof ofthe truth of the saying, “that if any cut-throat | French, “first cousin of the Tory Lord Clancarty:” | eches, alluding to a variety of Cee | Cork, Tipperary, and e| | country! _ eight other ti In eve- ; ire perseverance is the continued exertion in all legal and constitutional sour: meeting, that O'Connell will countenance a movement among these new allies for a Federal Parliament, while the association will continue to demand an independent one. This is undoubtedly a momentous measure. For onrselves, no reader of The Nation need be told that we abhor all dependence upon England, and that we look with a hope as sure as the rising of to-morro’ sun to the re- eneration of this country. But we fear too deeply the Seadly bane of Ireland-—division—to resist the movement Y eit. The only man whom in has pronounced for it ; because we would not propo the country trusts or belie and if we could draw any popular opinion from hix views | to ours, it is only too obvious that to that extent we would weaken the national strength. The post of commander is his—he is accredited—he is responsible: and we dare not peril the cause in which we labor by that ¢ celtic wil reland) of resisting the trial of every plan but our own. We needs must fol- Je | low the only general who can muster an effective army, though his plan of battle does not tally with ours. The companies of Artillery and the First Royal Dragoons have arrived in Dublin. The Limerick papers of Friday mention that on | the previous night, between six and seven o'clock the peranndicae conntry blazed with fires, li hted simultaneously, with surprising exactness. It ap- eared that these fires spread to the counties of Clare, by teno’clock! In several instances the fires were burning in the pub- lic roads, and torches were seen to be born along. by the people in all directions. The meaning of the conflagration is a nary or Subsequently it is stated, by the Cork Reporter, that the fires were in honor of Smith O'Brien's re- turn from the Continent, and his accession to Re- peal, which was already understood throughout the prosecutions against O'Connell and the versers will be accelerated by every means within the power of the Crown: and, if at all possible, the trials will be fixed for the sittings after the November term, Those sittings com- mence on the 27th November. Term opens on Thursday next. On thatday the bills of indictment are to be sent up to the Sing Grand Jury, who have been summoned on a penal- ty of £100; the usual. penalty is only half that sum. If the Grand Jury find true bills, the traversers will be called upon to plead on Friday morning. Four days are usually allowed; but in_ this case the in- dictments will be of such great length that the judges, in all probability, will allow the traversers a week or two, Under all the circumstances, it is not at all likely that the trials can take place before the beginning of December. Possibly, they may be postponed until the Hilary Term, which opens on the Ith of. fears , : : A ve rious and a serious question arises Te- garding the Special Jury Panel. The jury law re- quires that this panel should be made un annually by each High sheriff, from the jurors’ book con- taining the names of all qualified persons furnished by the collectors. From that jurors’ book the chert ia directed to select. a sufficient number of names for a standing special panel, in order that special juries might be struek by ballot, from time to time, during his year of office. It is stated very confidently—and I believe the fact is so—that the jury law not been complied with, and that, in fact, there is no jurors’ book for the city of Dublin. A question thence arises, can the existing § ecial jury panel be used at all? If this question should ib decided in the negative, the trials could not take place until next year, when a jury book and a special jury panel might be framed in accordance with the law. 4 It appears quite certain that O’Connell has deter- mined to defend himself, and that his decision on this point was communicated to the counsel for the defendants, who held a consultation at the re: onnell, in Merrion Square, on ‘Thurs- day last. ne honorable and learned gentleman, it is stated, intends to enter into a general review o| The State the British policy in Ireland, especially in regard to the Legislative Union, in order to exhibit the causes of the Repeal movement, out of which those State prosecutions have arisen. Mr, O’Con- nell's address to the jury alone will, probably, occu- two days; and from this you may form some idea of the length of time to which the trials may extend, 3 Chief Justice Pennefather is to preside ; but if, some persons assert, it is to be trial at bar, the r Judges of the Queen’s bench will be in at- ddan Asthe charge is generally one of “conspiracy all the traversers, it is likely, will be tried together. Asthe jury isto be a, special one, there will, of course, be no challenging, either on the part of the Crown or traversers. Steele also defends himself; and it is stated that he has made arrangements to avail himself of the evidence of the following witnesses, the presence of some of whom incourt, if they should attend, would produce no small sensation: Lord Plunkett late Lord Chancellor of Ireland; Frederick Bon Hughes, the Government reporter: Sir Robert Peel, Lord Lyndhurst, Sir James Graham, and the Duke of Wellington. Steele proposes to examine them in the order set forth. — Respecting some of the witnesses to be examined by the Crown, and whose names have not yet been mentioned publicly, there are very strange rumors. But it would be premature at present to enter into particulars. 3 On Thursday morning, November 2nd, the Court of Queen’s Bench was crowded to excess at an early hour, to witness the commencement of the State trials, The proceedings did not commence till one o’clock. The audience in the galleries was rete numerous, and consisted to a large degree of ladies. The Hon. Judge Burton entered the court about one o’clock, Ae d the clerk of the crown proceeded to call over the grand pannel. The Attorney and Solicitor Generals, Sergeant Warren, and Mr Brewster, Q. C., took their seats shortly after the arrival of his lordship. : Judge Burton proceeded to charge the juries. Af- ter calling their attention to. the duties which, ar cy,” grand jurors, they hadto perform, he entered upon the mature of ieecharre preferred againet the ac- cused— Gentlemen, I am now to tell you that, as T understand the bill likely, and intended to be submitted to you is a bill with a certain number of s specified in it, the whole being a charge of conspiracy, that is of conspiring, the sense of which ig, agreeing amongst themselves altogether. or together with others, and concurring with each other in a design to effectuate certain unlawful purposes, or, at least, to effectuate certain purposes, whether in themselves unlawful or not, by unlawful means. Gentlemen, I be- Heve I may state that the great, ostensible, and as 1 would collect from the informations sworn before me, the avowed object of the persons being, in this case, the abolition of the Legislative Union of Great Britain and [reland, as at present subsisting. Gentlemen, it ay to me to be right, with reference to the term Legislative Union, and the form in which I have described it, as at present sub- sisting, to advert to some expressions stated in some part of the Information on which the indictments is, or will be. framed, and which I think material to state to you. It ap- ars, then, that some one of the persons charged, have, or fav asserted, at some or one of certain public meetings re- ferred to in the information, that this Legislative Union is, in itself, unlawful, that itis absolutely void, the con sequences of which might be thnt every atatute made since the Union, and importing to bind Ireland, would, to that extent, be void, and of no legal effect. Whether thir imputed language be correctly stated, or whether any lan: guage to th: t was actually used, or if used was used in that sense, you shall have, ax is necessary for you, to examine and satisfy yourselves of. But I think the state- ment in the sworn information, as I have collected it, au- thorizes and makes it incumbent on me to say for you In this place, that such a proposition has no legal foundation, and that the Legislative Tnion is not only practically. but lawfully, in force in Ireland ; and that you in exerci- sing your judgment upon that indictment--upon the in- Tictment that will be preferred to you--are bound to to consiter it. His lordship, after referring to the charge alleged against the parties in the indictment—conspiring by demonstrations of physical force to procure a change in the laws, stated that this did not necessarily pre-sup- pose any infraction of the public peace. He continued The exhibition of immense bodies of men, being persons petitioning for a Repeal of the Union, and at the same time asserting in their presence that in part, at least, by their intervention it must and should take place, seems to me to afford ground for charging it in the indictment as * purpose of intimidation. Gentlemen, whether it really had the purpose or not must be in the first instance for you to judge ofthat is, to judge whether it is or is not # of charge fit and proper to be tried by a jury on # plea of not guilty. Gentlemen, I have further to tell you that the charge in the indictment upon these grounds is in truth, a misdemeanor ; and further, that there appear» to me to be evidence of the inference to be drawn from it you are in the first instance to judge, and on that croun’ either to find or reject the pul. Atter rererring to tne at tempts made to excite dissatistaction in the armv anc navy, which, if proved, his lordship pronounced a hier misdemeanor-to certain letters and articles published ir the Repeal papers, his lordship proceeded to consider the fiscal rt of the charge-the collection ofthe rent. Gentle men, this is the charge of soliciting and obtaining, as wel! from different parts of the United Kingdom, as from fo reign countries large sums of money, in order to promote and effectuate the objects charged by the indictment.— Gentlemen, there is certainly evidence, and I think I may venture to say, i from foreign countries, and as it may appear by the man ner and terms of the acknowledgment of such receipts of encouraging, ifnot directly soliciting the continuance of them. I feel that I must, according to my view of the sub- ject, add that this offence, as it appears to me to be charge: I allude here to the motives and purposes ascribed to th: collection ofthese contributions, is a misdemeanor; and cannot but feel myself bound to say that in my own pre sent views of this part of the case, the fact itself opens con siderations of very importance, and auch as would in my judgment, inder the admitted or hitherto uncontest ed circumstances of it, disclose a case very fit for, and which, possibly, could only be satisfactorily adjudicate’ on by atrial nnder the plea of not guilty to the indictment The appointment of arbitrators | gation ween the Q to br into contem attern in liti- en's subjects. caleulated, ax it was, the legal tribunals of the country, his lordship pronou: if proved Faspicodaonny > 44 | facts on which the evidence is ch» clearly proved, it may be the better course to find the bill on that evi- dence ing them, together with their legal conre quences, to a trial on an issue joined to a plea of not guilty. By theexercive of your duty, | mean the finding or the non-finding. as to von may appear mort fit and proper, of a true bill, which, if found, send the case to be decided pon by ajury, chosen to decide between the crown and the subject ‘The concluding portion of the charge referred to | the government reporters. If the grand jury thonght | that he had wilfully and deliberately sworn what was not the truth, they would of course disbelieve him; if, even, through negligence or inadvertence— through a proper want of attention to his important duties—he had stated what was not. correct, that alone, although not sufficient to deprive him of all oredit, was sufficient to impeach his testimony. The concluding portion of the charge referred to the importance of the case, and to impressing on the grand jury the necessity of giving it their beee | consideration His lordehin’s charge, which lasted forty-three minutes in delivery, was listened to with breathless Interest The Attorney General snid that the indictmentin the case alluded to by the Court, would be laid before the grand jury at half-past 10 o’clock on Fri- day morning, or at any other time that would euit the convenience of the jurors. The witnesees would be punetually in attendance. Mr. Hatchell, Q. C., said that the parties bound in recognizance to attend the court were now in attendance, and were perfectly ready to abide by any order that might be made relative to them. The Attorney General (with apparent ascerbity)—-Oh, Mr. Hatch- ell, as to that, the terms of their recognizance are, that they are to attend the court, not only on the firet day of the term, but from day to day. pending the pleasure of the court. Mr. Justice Burton— That is, of course, understood. ; ‘An application was made on Thursday morning to the Clerk of the Crown by Mr. Cantwell, solicitor of Mr. Barrett, to receive informations to sustain a charge of periury against the government reporter, but that functionary declined to take them. About three o'clock, when Judge Burton had concluded his charge. to the grand jury, an application was made to his lordship, on the part of Mr. Barrett, to have the informations sworn against the govern- ment reporter, and a statement made that they had been previously tendered to the Clerk of the Crown, and refused by him. The application was granted, and the informations were to be taken the next morning at half past 10 o'clock. The Grand Jury had been occupied the whole of the day (Thursday, 2d inst.) in reading the indict- ments, which covered the enormous space of thirty three sides of parchment. This enormously wordy affair had prevented the Grand Jury from examin- ing any witnesses, although a large number were in attendance. It is expected that the proceedings of the Grand Jury, in the O’Connell trials, will be retarded until Monday next; certainly the bills cannot be retumed before the evening of this day, and it seems hardly possible that the bills can be found even so soon. The proceedings on these im- portant trials will probably extend over a fortnight unless Mr. O'Connell succeeds in travereing till next term, but there seems to be some legal doubt as to the possibility of traversing in there cases.— The greatest possible interest exieted in Dublin,and large sums of money would have been eagerly giv- en to obtain admission to the court. , ‘The informations of Barret, of The Pilot, Dr. 3 &c., haye been received by order of the Chief Justice, in the case of Bond Hughes, charged with perjury. It is quite obvious that the Repeal party are now on the whole pleased with the charge of Judge Barton. France, ‘The Duke D’Aumale left Paris for Ttaly on Sa- turday. He will proceed to Sicily, and thence to Constantina. ‘ The Moniteur publishes the official returns of the indirect taxes of France for the nine months of the current year, ending on the 30th September. ‘The total receipts amount to 557,093,000 francs, or near- ly £22,284,000 sterling ; and exhibit an increase as compared with the receipts of the Festi eae period of 1841, of 35,852,000f., and over those 1842 of 10,280,000f. The augmentation in the last three months of 1843 was 7,267, over thore of 1841, and 3,355,000f. over 1842. ’ The. receipts of the registry duties fignre in these returns for 153,982, 000f; the stamp duties for 26,612,000f.; the customs for 73,921 ,000f. ; the import duties on colonial sugars, B. on foreign sugars, 5,145,000f. ; on do- 4,902,000f.: duties on salt, 43,945,- 000f. ; on liquors, 71,704,000f. : on public carriages, inland navigation, &c., 28,048,000f. ; on sale _o! tobacco, 77,093,000f : of gunpowder, 3,614,000F. ; postage of letters, 33,653.000f : mail coaches, 1,631,- 000f. ; mail packets, 732,000f. The augmentation bore principally on the registry duties, custome, eu- zars, liquors, tobacco, postage, and stamps; and the items on which there was a falling off were the duties on foreign sugare, salt, gunrowder. mail coaches, and domestic sugar. The rece’ per quarter were—first quarter, 183,190,000f. ; second quarter, 187,184,000f. ; and the third quar- ter, 186,719,000f. ; showing an excess in the latter of '8,529,000f. over those of the first, and a dimi- nution, as compared with the second, of 465, Frexcn Emrassy To, Cutya.—After protracted preliminaries, the selection of the persons who are toform part of the Chinese expedition has been final- ly settled, but the liet will be published only at the last moment. This liet, which has not yet been published, is as followe:—M. de Lagrenee, ambas- sador: M. de Ferrieres, secretary; M. Marcy Menge, grandson of the illustrious savant, and the Mar- quis d'Harcourt, paid attaches. M. de In Hante, con of the Receiver-General of Lyons, the Duke de Guiche, and M. Macdonald, non-paid attaches: M. Xavier Raymond, historigrapher ; Dr. Yvan, physi- cian to the legation. " * . M. de Lagrenee takes his family out with him, whence a long stay in China is inferred. If the expected reeults be obtained, the embarey will ee- tablish itself at Pekin. Itsdeparture cannot be now much delayed. The ambassador went last week and received the blessings of the Abbaye-aux Bois, and the adieux of Madame Recamier. Chauteaubriand, Ballanche, Merimee, Vitet, and other literary notabilities, were present at this touch- ing and solemn ceremony. ‘ders have been is cued for the expedition to be ready to sail on the 4th of November. mestic sug: Fpain. The war at Catalonia is remarkable for a siege made on the garrison of Barcelona by seven thou- sand women! who had received permission to en- ter with provisions and apparel. On the 20th ult. they made a very formidable attack upon the sen- tries, and abatalion or two of the Patulea were obliged to be called to the aseistance of the usual nickets and guards. Some of the boldest of the | Aiea, deepising the bayonet, rushed upon the eol- tiers, tore their hair, scratched their faces, dis- vrmed them, and threw their firelocks into a ditch! Two or three pieces of cannon were loa and fired, and several volleys of musketry followed which had the effect of putting thie new. array of “Tnvincibles” to flight. The shots alluded to were of course fired over their heads. 4 The affairs of the Peninsula remain in the same unsettled state. Another conspiracy had been dis- covered by the Junta of Barcelona to betray the city into the hands of the national troops. The Tournal des Debats publishes a detailed account of the repulse of the insurgents of Barcelona, in their late assault upon the citadel. They appear to have behaved with the most undaunted gallery, and but for their finding a deep fosee within the works, of the existence * which they were net aware, they would inevitably have carried the works. The Debats also recounts the details of Prim’s unsuc- sesstu! attack on Girona; the escalade of the strong fort ot Mountjoy, which forme the chief protection ot tne eny, appears to have been attempted in the most oungung and unmilitary style imaginable, notner attempt at revolution had been made in nada Fighting took place, and some persons were wounded or killed. At Perpignan, also, there nad been some warlike demonstrations, but nothin of consequence grew out of them. Official news o! the pronuneramento of Almeria had been communi- sated to the government; when this occurred there was nota soldier in town, but 300 infantry and # troop of horse were immediately marched against the insurgents. The moyement appears to have been headed by a chief of smugglers. Greece. A counter revolution has been attempted in Greece. General Colocotroni, son of King Otho's aides de Camp, had attempted to seduce the troops to an abandonment of theirallegiance. The ates detected, and the traitor denounced. His } ajesty “de. sonvened the Council of State, and solemn ed any participation in or knowledge of 1 sign The reluctance which his Majesty evinced to surrender up the officer, whote inveterate dislike to constitutional rule had nearly involved himself ind his Royal master in irretrievable ruin, created ‘ome doubts of the integrity of purpose by whic! he King was actuated in making the disclaimer. He was, however, at length surrendered to the vuthorities ; and with a moderation which has dis. tinguished the leaders of the revolution throughout their proceedings, was merely ordered to quit the country he had songht to deprive of its newly ac