The New York Herald Newspaper, October 2, 1843, Page 2

NEW YORK HERALD. New York, Monday, October 2, 1843. “ap Mr. L. Willard is our only authorized agent for Mr. L. Wil is our aul the Jicolthe Herald in Troy, N. ¥. All persons wish- ing the paper in that city will apply only to him, at 230 River street. pea. LAK. ™ Crear Litenatune.—The following books have been lately published, and are for -sale at this offic ‘The Professor and his Favorites, by Mrs. E. Flygare; the Rescued Nun ; Alison’s History of Europe, No. 15 , the Poultry Book ; Mabel, the Actress, or the Perils of Illicit Love; The Churchman Warned Agvinst the Errors of the Time, by Dr. Anthon; The True Issue sustained, or an exhibit of the views and spirit of the Episcopal Press, in relation to the recent ordination in St. Stephen's Church, N. ¥., andthe third part: f{ Martian Chuzziewit, by Dickens. Also, Graham's and Godey’s Ladies’ Books, end the Ladies’ Companion, for October. News from Europe. i The Acadia, the next steamer due, is out thirteen days this noon. She is expected to-morrow or Wednesday, with fifteen days later intelligence from all parts of Europe. 'The Postmaster General and the Post Office Arrangements. ‘The miserable management which seeks to en- hance the revenues of the post office department, which was established for the convenience of the public, by making it the instrument of oppression and exaction, rather than a public benefit, cannot be toe severely dealt with. The high rates of postage, which have always been charged, have ever since the formation of the government, in- duced attempts to send letters by some cheaper mode of conveyance ; but while there were no rail- roads, and comparatively few steamboats, these efforts effected the revenues but in a very small de- gree; consequently up to 1827, the revenues of the department constantly exceeded the expenditures. From that year upto the present, the receipts have never equalled the expenditures, with the exception of the three years of general extravagance, 1835, 1836, 1837. At the close of the last named year, there was a surplus in the department of $756 208 ‘The then postmaster earnestly pressed upon Con- gress, the necessity of reducing the postages; but istead of seizing that moment to put the depart- t upon a proper system, the surplus was only to extending the routes. Abeut that time ment came into existence, growing out of feet, that our old pos: office system was totally age, and utterly inadequate to the wants wmunity. This was the establishment of yden's F xpress, for the purpose of carrying packages. This business grew rapidly, and be- coming important, he soon made arrangements with steamboats and railroads, mutually beneficial, on the establishment of Cunard’s line of steam- boats. He was tendered and accepted the exclusive freight agency of that line. This made the establishment of a branch in Liverpool necessary. Out of this arrangement grew an im- portant enterprise. In former years almost the only mode of forwarding toreign letters from this coun- try, was to drop them inthe bag of the news rooms in each city, by the keepers of which they were for- warded sometimes through the mail, but mostly by private hand, to New York, to arrive on the day of the sailing of a packet. Very frequently these pack- ages would arrive in New York too late, and lay over to the sailing of the next. The establishment of Harnden’s express opened a sure channel of com- maunication for these letters, and his branch in Li- verpool affords a etill greater advantage. It is that the postage of a letter can be paid to him in any of the Atlantic cities in advance, to any part of Eng- Jand or the continent. Harnden will carry the let- ter, say from Philadelphia to Boston, pay it at Bos- ton to Liverpool, and his agent there will pay it to any place between Liverpool and Vienna. The promptness, regularity, and skill, with which Harn- den’s business is conducted, are well known te the public. His line of expresses is quite as important to it as the miserably managed post office arrange- ments. So sensible is the department of this, that the Philadelphia postmaster writes to Mr. Wickliffe as follows :— “A hikhly respectable and extensive merchant of Philadelphia informed me,that to his certain know- ledge, Harnden was in the habit of conveving by his express, multitudes of letters which ought to be transmitted by mail. If an opportunity should be afforded of bripging up on asubpcena, any of our large commission dry goods merchants, either in Philadelphia, New York, or Boston, there would not be the slightest difficulty in establishing the fact of Harnden’s gross violations of the post office laws —and Jam firmly convinced thatif he and Adams be not put down, they will ere long put down the post office department.”” Now, Harnden, by his enterprise, has partly met the great want of the community, viz. a cheap and expeditious mode of conveying letters. The world has advanced sixty years since the old and inade- quate syetem now in operation, was established, and it is falling into decay. In this state of affairs how is it that the present Postmaster General seeks to retrieve its affairs? By seeking to increase the facilities afforded to the public? Far from it. He sues Harnden for carrying bundles, and forbids the transportation of newspapers except at a charge so onerous as to prohibit them altogether. It is scarce- ly possible that a public man can be so narrow mind- ed, so far behind the age, so much pufted up with a little authority, as to imagine that he can put down public opinion, and roll back the tide of enterprise. Already a line of coaches has been established be- tween Baltimore and Washington, to carry the pa- pers prohibited on the Railrond by Mr. Wickliffe. — Public enterprises will be stimulated by oppression in all directions, until Mr. Wickliffe is buried beneath the ruins of his abused department. No department of the government will be tolerated any longer than it serves the people. The moment it becomes an- tagonist to the public interest it must perish. If private enterprise can do better than the govern- ment arrangements, the latter must cease. anew e Canapian Arrairs.—The Provincial Parliament of the United Provinces of Canada, commenced on Sth ult, at Kingston, probably for the last time. cations are that it will be removed from *tou,but whither has not transpired. One stri- sence of the removal is the resignation of r. Secretary Harrison, of Canada West, which rompted by his position in the cabinet on the stof government question, which 1s to be made a cabinet measure. It is said that he stood alone in the cabinet, all his colleagues being opposed to him ; his resignation, therefore, when his relationship to the borough of Kingston is considered, will afford an elucidation of the steps to be pursued by the go- vernment. The uncertainty which has heretofore existed, and the change to be hereafter made, will prove expensive and disastrous. In Kingston much has been done to fit it forthe seat of government ; buildings have been erected, and streets laid out, which will now but afford evidence of faded hopes. Property which had increased in value, will be sud- denly depreciated, and probably Bytown would have been subjected to the same fate, if the govern- ment had been removed thither. Montreal, how- ever, is the place fixed upon, as we understand, and there willbe many advantages there which could not have been found elsewhere, Amongst the other measures which are likely to engage the attention of the Parliament, will be that of agricultural protection. On this theme Mr. Web- ster discoursed oracularly atthe State Agricultural Fair, lately held at Rochester, but whether the Ca: nadian government is acting on the views there ex- pressed, or has some nostrum of his own, we are not apprised. Mr. Vatremare.—The Paris cerrespondent of the Boston Atlas writes; “Alexander Vattemare, the literary exchange man, has a grand exhibition on the Boulevard, of the engravingsand pictures which he has collected in his travels. Those from Ame- rica fill two large rooms, and excite a good deal of attention, particularly some specimens of bank note engravings from your city,” ig The Hon. Daniel Webster arrived at hie resi« dence in Washington on Friday morning, to remain "ix or eight days. Movements of the French—Important from Africa—Extension of Power. It appears by letters received trom Cape Palmos that the French are determined to rival England in every part of the world. We mentioned a few days ago, and exclusively too, that the French had taken possession of another place on the coast of Afriea, and were rapidly and strongly fortifying it with heavy cannon and block forts. This intelligence is now confirmed. Itis cer- tain that the French government have taken the Gar- roway country, and have block houses and frames for dwellings at Senegal, awaiting vesselsjto freight them to the new colony. {t seems to us that there is no great harm ia ths movement. All that is necessary for us is to keen up our squadron in that section, and not permit any interference with our trade. To this movement England has left no stone unturned to drive the Freach and Americans from that coast, so that she might secure the trade wholly to herself; but this last seizure on the part of France warranting a force from that country also present, and our own squadron will prevent any {ur- ther aggressions in that quarter. But aside from this view, does not the extension of French territory indicate the course Louis Phi- lippe intends to pursue for the tuture?’ Her occupa- tion of Algeria, her seizure of the Marquesas, her in- tention in regard to Spain, her alliance with Brazil, her line of Atlantic steam packets, her sending a special minister to China, her every movement in fact exhibit plainly her determination to be para- mount in Europe. Whether she will be so or not, of course remains to be seen. We knowof no govhrnment so active just at this time. But nous verrons. TRAVELLING, ANB CONSTRUCTIVE TRAVELLING.— A question has recently arisen at the Oyer and Terminer, held in Jefferson city, inthe State of Missouri, which possesses a public interest from its adherence te the precedent set by our Congressional law-makers. It turns out, however, that the law. makers, being absolute, can remunerate them- selves, but that the principle will not hold good with jurors. In the case referred to, it appears the Grand Jury came into Court, with indictments against John and David McDaniel, Brown, Tow- son and Mason, for murder; and McCormick, Berry, Prefontaine, Morton and Harris, for larceny. Abraham Shafer, the clerk of Clay county, was in- dicted for misprison of felony. Shafer, who was there as a witness, was arrested, and by counsel moved to quash the indictment against him, for the reason that a felonious intent was no where char- ged. It was also intimated that the indictment was imperfect in charging that the offence was commit- tedin “the high ways of the United States, in the Indian country west of the Mississippi, and north of the north line of lands assigned to the Osage tribe of Indians”—it being no where alleged that the offence was committed “‘at the district of Mis- souri.” The District Attorney“admitted the materiality of the absence of felonious intent, and declared it to be aclerical error. The other point he refused to yield, declaring the indictment to be good at com- mon law, but at the suggestion of the Court, who de= clinced deciding the point, a new grand jury wa® empannelled, from a portion of the previous jury, and new indictments found in al) the cases, charging the felonious intent on the part of Shafer, and locat- ing the offence of the marauders ‘‘in the Indian country, west of the;Mississippi, north of the north line of land assigned to the Osages, and uron the land without the jurisdiction of any particular State, and under the exclusive control and jurisdiction of the United States—to wit, at the district aforesaid.” Shafer employed W. M. Campbell, Esq., of St. Charles, and Gen. A. 1. Doniphan, of Liberty, as his counsel, and gave bail in the sum of two thou- sand dollars for his appearance at the April term, in St. Louis, and was discharged. The point to which we have referred was raised by the grand jury, in the settlement of their accounts. After they were discharged on the first jury, they procured their certificates and were paid the usual per diem and mileage. In the second case, they were summoned and sworn asan entire new jury, particularly and specially charged by the Court as a new jury, heard the evidence anew, and return- ed new indictments. To test the question, one account was made out, charging mileage in the se- cond case, and presented to the Court for allowance. It was referred, in the usual form, to the Dis- trict Attorney, who reported in favor of the’ per diem, but against the mileage. After argument, this report was sustained by the Judge, in a lengthy Opinion, the substance of which was that the five cents per mile, which the government pays a wit- ness or juror, for travelling from the “ place of his abode,” was intended as a compensation “ for travel,” and not to be otherwise charged. For the day charged in the last account, the jurors had been previously paid, on the former jury, and on their part it was contended that the per diem provi- sion should be construed as closely as the mileage— that the per diem being allowed, the mileage should follow—that the government was compelled to have a new jury, and that they were in fact a cheaper jury than could be otherwise obtained, and by their direction the account will be forwarded for the decision of the Secretary of the Treasury. The famous constructive journey from Ghent to St. Petersburg, and the constant practice of m2m- bers of the United States Senate, was freely re- ferred to, with no other success than to determine the jurors to have it decided whether a farmer in Missouri is equivalent, on a question of principles, to a Senator in Washington. When Mr. Van Buren’s term of office expired, on the night of the 3d of March, 1840, the Senate sat tothe last moment of the waning night, but they were assembled again in twelve hours, to act on the appointments of General Harrison, and in those twelve hours, which many Senators devoted to rest, some of them obtained several thousand dellars for constructive travelling to their homes and back. How the principle here acted on can vary from that on which the jurors in Missouri claimed to be paid, we are at a loss to discover; but the nation will gain if the refusal to pay the jurors should lead to the disavowalat the seat of govern- ment of charges where travelling has not been ac- tually performed. TueatricaL.—The Chatham not only deserves success, but obtains it. Hitherto the manager’s heart has been gladdened by the patronising ap- proval of the public, and his exertions have been redoubled to retain the popularity which he has eb- tained. To-night “The Hunchback” and the “Rebel Chief,” are the prominent features of the entertainment, and the cast of the charactersis the best that could be made. Jamison is an established favorite, and he gives promise of future distinction; Mr. Hield has been long before the public as a member of the Park and other companies, but we regret tosee him deteriorating : his chief aim and ambition appears now to be to “split the ears of the groundlings” and obtain a “hi, hi, hi!” from the boys of the pit. This is unworthy of him, for he is capable of better things, and is unjust to the manager, whose efforts to make his theatre attrac- tive to the judicious and intelligent should not be thwarted by an actor. In the play of Luke, the Laborer, Mr. Hield frequently insulted the dis- creeter portion of the audience by certain clap-trap gaggery about Yankee tars and hail Columbia,while the characters were all of another nation, and the scenes laid in a foreign land. This should be amend- ed. Mrs. George Jones has been recently doing business suited to her powers, and has established herself as an especial favorite. Other actors are very respectable. We hear that engagements are entered into with Jim Crow Rice and Mr. Booth, for an early period. Rice, whether on or off the stage, is deservedly a favorite, and his e1 will be both flattering and profitable, D1saGRREABLE, VERY !—The weather yesterday We had nothing but rains. Father Webb's Religious Locofocolsm— “a'he Venerable John Quincy Adams. Pusey Catholicism—Episcopalian Protes- Mr. Adams passed through this State in the tantism. Gross personalities, vulgar slander, and fiendlike passions,are too often the characteristics of religious controversies. The most horrid barbarities have been frequently committed in the name of the Lord, and we appear to have gone round the circle and come back to the point at which the same sceaes wust be re-enacted. Father Webb, the ‘defender of the Faith,” is as malignant as was John Calvin when he sent Servetus to martyrdom, and if Bishop Onderdonk escapes the faggot, it is for the more merciful flaying alive which he is to get through the columns of the Courier & Enquirer. ‘Webb, however, like all new converts, is zealous without knowledge. His zeal puts him into a foam which out-does Phalon’s Tuberose Shaving Cream, and his writings prove most satisfactorily that Boz, by the aid of La Roy Sunderland’s Pathetism, which throws people into trances and gives them visions of things of both worlds, of the past, and the present, and the future, saw the course Webb would take in thiscontroversy, and hence the rowdy journalism which he foreshadowed. Suddenly in- flamed as his miod has become, with zeal for things holy, he yet requires purging of the o!d leaven which leavened his whole lump. The same passions govern him as when he packed the pit of the Park Theatre to drive away a singer who wou'd not sub- mit to the dictation of Webb’s creatures, and Bishop Onderdonk’s character must be pelted with the mud of Webb’s slanderous abuse, as unsparing- ly thrown asit ever was on a political opponent. There is much needful penance to be undergone yet ere Webb will be a completely changed man One material error, however, into which he falls is, the introduction of political tactics and political theories, into church government—a species of loco- foco rowdyism which packs ward meetings and kicks out an honest opponent to accomplish its pur- pose. We re-copy the concluding paragraph from hisinstructive article which we published yesterday, because it bears se forcibly on this point :— Now, however, that Puseyism has thrown off its mask, and stands before the world in all its naked deformity, the laity owe aduty to themselves and the church which they may not neglect. In the coming elections every man who is a eandidate for vestryman, must open'y avow his opinions in advance; and the Protestant Episcopalians must one and all, fearlessly discharge their duty. Every vestry in the diocese will then be anti-Puseyite; and «very reetor who countenances or sustains the Bichop in this daring act of usurpation, must be made to feel that the laity are not to be trifiled with. Thu this dangerous heresy be nipped in the it may leave usachurch almost withou! priesis, Paurey- ism will find itselt with a Bishop and clergy without & laity. He is equally in error on the subject of the rights of the people in church matters, but on this subject we shall tarn him over to Bishop Onderdonk, who in his charge to the convention said The chnrch is a department of the social compact dif- fering from those of @ secular and civil character. It hav not resulted from men’s voluntarily secking the good which it may impart, or yielding to the necessities which | parts esteemed beautiful might be distingu may have driven them into it, by the surrendry by each, for the good of the whole, cf immunities and prerogi- tives naturally his. The foundation of the church lies not in man’s agree- ment, but in God's requirement. Nor does man’s associ- ation’ in the church relate to him os a deing having rights to be secured or prerogatives to surrender, nor as one who hasa high, honora!le, and pure moral sense to bring to bear upon the happiness and wellare of the community to which he belongé. The church is appoin'- ed for man as a being weighed down with fraiity and corruption, and by his sinfulness shut out (rom the mercy and exposed tethe just anger of hie God. it is not a s0- ciety formed by him tne the purpose of *oncentrating and calling into exercise his powers o! sel! ,overom and of promoting his own and others’ terests. ’s instrument and takes man asafrail, guilt; of mercy, it and helpless being, that he may be thus putin the divinely appointed way of grace and salvation through Jesus Christ. Its powersand pre- rogatives come directly from heaven. Its human gente, in the accomplishment of the holy and blessed ends of iis institution, have their powers and prerogatives from God, and not from men. Indeed, as if to illustrate this holy and heavenly character of the church, thi ointment of such agents was not only independent of the church, but anterior to its full Christian or; ation. The miaistry was appointedt o gather, organise instruct and guide the church, not the church established with power to employ the ministry. The primary powers of the church, then, are not diffu- sive, but concentrated. They are not in the members, but the head. They are committed by the head tothe miniatry. In this, however, it ie evidentto all men dili- gently reading holy scriptures and encient authors, and thence, collecting, from its practical development, the great principles destined to be mcorporated into the full ecclesiastical organization, divine saction is given toqua- lifications in administering the polity of the church, which clearly recognise therein an efficient interest gi- ven to the subordinate pestoral associates of the chief mi- nisters of Christ’s flock, and to the members generally of that holy bedy. Whatevermay be the modifications of this, it is of obvions Propriety and impertance that we bear in mind this evangelical view of the true theory of Christ’schurch. A very valuable consequence of this may, by the divine blessing, be expected to be, my belov- ed brethren of the elergy and laity, the constant realizin, by each of us, in his proper sphere, of the solemn tru that when we engage in the service of the church of God, we are employed in an agency, not to carry out a human scheme of benevolence or usefulness, not to promote an end deriving value from its popularity or acceptableness with men, not to devise an improved or ready modes of showing results, but ai cy—with reverence and godly fear be it underta the accomplishment, by the mighty power of the Holy Ghost, of the exceeding great and precious object w. by God, inthe exercise of ineffsble mercy, 1 in Cl Jesus, reconciling the world unto him. Press we then everto our hearts the obvious truth, that then euly can we expect to be enlightened ond efficient agents in this work, when our hearts are controlled, our characters formed, and our lives preserved, by that great principle of evangelical faith which only gives consistency, and in which only we can expect ¢ cy, in whatever we may doin the causeof thechurch. But my principal object in this course of remark to show its bearing on the question of our responsibility as minister id members of the church, in i Is itto the public? I can ple on which this can be justly maintaincd. possible for a body of men held tee by nocommon principles of religion, to judge of religious matters’— Taking the gospel for our guide, we must see in the church and the world essentially antagonistic bodies.— Thechurch was formed,not to Ket ty with the world, but to oppose it—to attack the wicked principles and practices to which it is in bondage, and to come to no terms with it on any other principles than its entire sur- rendry of its opposition to the pure and holy spirit of the gospel, and its submission to the rule which Christ through His Church, would establish over it for its good. Alas! brethren, I need not ask you whether the world is now such as to afford any confidence oe ee in matters pertaining to the kingdom of |. No, sure ly; and let me affectionately say to both the clergy and laity, ever conscientiously acting upon the principle my- self, that for what we do in our several di ents of fervicetothe church, we owe no responsibility te the world; in other words, to the public. From the world we have derived no power. We hold nocommission from it. Letusever by the grace of God, be careful that in our intercourse with it, we adorn thedoctrine of God our Savior in all things; and then go forward in eur Mas- ter’s work, indifferent, save for its own sake, whether the world is pl or offended, and indeed looking for the i will and 0 ya from it which that Master and His divine wor ve prepared us to expect. How palpable now appears the ignorance of Father Webb, and how justly does he appear enti- tled to the designation of Religious Locotoco. The Biskop himself used this stronger language, “ that carnal mind which is radically incapable of spiritual discernment.” Also, on the same subject he spoke of “ the ecofis and jests of unrenewed hearts, the insolence of the ignorant, and the blasphemies and impieties of the profane.” And Webb’s controver- spirit and writings he deecribed as ** an un- christian fondness for religious disputation, and a concern for the church hardly distinguishable from mere indulgence, in another line than those which worldly mindedness, usua!!y supplies, of a litigious disposition, a love of opposition, and adesire for distinction in controversy and in troublous agita- tion.” The closing language of the Bishop may ap- pear harsh, but in such a cause tenderness is a crime, and we hope, as Webb has mproved his mo- rals, and entered upon acareer of religion and re ligious controversy, that he wiil arnend his intellect also. We have done much for that man in his eventful life, and we shall continue to be his guar- dian angel, though we despair of ultimate success. Since he has assumed the cowl, he has cut a sorry figure, but with a little of our fatherly care he may possibly become a reepectable disputant. We are, however, bound to counteract the influence of his ignorant aseumptions, and we commend him to prayer and penance as an atonement for the evil he has done. Amen. Latest From Mexico.—We have received by the way of Havana aod New Orleans intelligence from Vera Cruz to the 2d ult. The elections for the General Congress and for the Department Assemblies were still in progress, aad the result not known. They were thought to be generally favorable to Santa Anna. One of the English steamers from Vera Cruz had arrived at Havama with $140,000 in specie. course of the summer months, and wherever he went he was received with the most affectionate attention. He is sti/lon the move, and at New Bedford in Massachusetts, on Thursday last he had a public reception at the Town Hall, to which he replied in a speech eo full of interest, that we unhesitatingly give it entire. He said— Low Crrizews—If it should happen in the few words Bs} I sball say to you in answer tothe overwhelming kindness of your reception, ana in reply to the very gra tifying manner in which l have been introduced tu you, I shou id appear in my remarks, incoherent, disconnect- ed,extravagant, it must be attributed to the circumstances in which I find myself placed, and the utter unex; - ness of being thus called upon to address you. the past three months, accident, matters of personal con. cernment andduty to my family led me to traverse t! neighbo: State of New York and a portion of a nei boring prov! and during this journey, to my utter tstonbehmeut—te my consternation—I found myself re- ceived every where with extraordinary marks of popular favor. 1 was received every where as—as I have been received by you here. I believe never was @ man since the creation of the world so surprised at receiving such testimonials of public esteem as I may truly say [ wason these occasions. I may 8a} very distinguished warrior, who was su at the acclamations which greeted him wherever he went—I was ‘astonished to tind myself so great aman.” In the one case, however, there wesfar less cause of surprise. Success in war— feats of arms—suzround the military hero with a haloof glory which has always appealed successfully to the ap- pause of the mnlutad i cen make no such claim— Kats of arms never have been mine. Allof which I can Loust is the houest endeavor, through a long life of public sere in the counselsof the nation, to promote to the extent of my ability the highest and truest interests of tie people. I, then, the warrior who had filled the world with the story of his bravery felt astonished at the de- moastrations of regard which were lavished upon him, how mach more should I be surprised and overwhelmed. Fellow Citizens, in the course of thattour! was ledto ob- verve the astonishing progress which inafew years had been made in the prosperity of the country ,hew much had beea accomplished by the hand of man; in this wilderness of former ages, | was struck with delight to see how much had been done 1m a period so short, by the hand of man, in the “Empire State,” and with peculiar gratification to Jeorn how much of it had been done by the hands of Yan- kees. Toone who has spent his days in the service of country, who has watched over her progress with anxious sclicitude for her highest ultimate success—to one who has arrived too at the age ot four score years— if there can be a delight to the heart of such aman, it is the reflectiun that he Las contributed his mite to his coun- try’s prosperity. Fellow citizens, I have heard that one of our countrymen, a highly distmguished clergyman, and one who was reoaally an inhabitant of your town, in. formed his society in a discourse delivered a short time since, on the occasion of his return from a visit to Europe, that the philanthropic and thinking men of that country regarded our experiment of a republican government a failure. Our experiment of arepublican government a failure! There are three things necessary to confirm the success of our experiment in free—in self government— tie approval of the Creator; the acts of the government; the acts of man—the acts of the people. If this experi ment Las brea a fuilure, to whom is it to be attributed? ‘To God? God forbid. Who will not say God has done his past ia our behalf? Never was a nation more /avored; the blessing of God always rests upon man beyond his deserts. lias goverament failed? 1 make this inquiry without the remoiest intention of trenching on politi- cal groun?. 1 presume we shall all respond in the negauve. Government has not done its duty. But where- in it hos failed Judgments widely difter. One porsion of you would charge that as faulty upon government, which the other portion would laud to the skies as the soundest policy. On this the two portions would no mere agree than did the popular taste of thecommunity, who criticised a work ofart produced by a painter, who paint: ed a shoe and presented it before them, eal ng as those ished by a mark to be placed upon them. The conseyuence was that the shoe was marked allover, He then painted an- other precisely like it, and desired that its defects might Ue pointed out in the same way; and this, toe, was in like manner markedallover. So in relation to the govern- ment; it has weauties and defects, but the ple are not at all agreed which isthe one and which the other. {the experiment has failed, all will agree that the fault isinthe government. What have the people doue—I should rether ask what have they not done? Look every where, and see the astonishing truits of their enterpris. Your own prosperous town is an illustration of what the baud of man is doing. {t is true, as your Chairman has well observed, that (his isnot the paradise which I have recently witnessedina neighboring State—your field is on the ecean—your shipsin search of their mighty game goto the mtmost extremity of the world—your hardy seamen draw out the leviathan from the deep—and your adventurous enterprse is building up your beau- titnl homer ministering to your comforts and your want here eight years ogo, and since then your population bas increased nearly one half; your ships have multiplied, and on every side are eshibited the morks cf your signal prosperity. Your strong arms have sounded the depths of the oceans, and thew have yielded up to you theirtreasures, Thi an illustretion—this isonly a type—of « hat is tru whole of this vaet country. Every where has our pros perity aud growth been unparalleled. No! The ex riment of & Republican Government hes not failed. The fruits of its beneficeat inflaence—the stupendous result of the enterprise it fosters and develo estify to the groundlessness of the in which these “ philanthro- pists and thinking e 80 very ready and » ot Europe, ar so prone to indulge. {f our experiment has failed, no Ro vernment ever established by mankind on the face of the earth ever failed so successiully. Toone who hasbeen for three score yearsin tne service of his country, and who has honestly striven to contribute his mite to her prosperity, nething can give so much delight as to be af- forded an opportunity to witness the success of her peo- pie: whether on the ocean or in the cultivation of the soil. ‘or the little I may have done in the stations which I have been called upon to fill, I am morethan repaid by the thanks that are tendered me ; by these spontaneous ofter- ings of gratitude that are proffered to me—it is more than Icould expect. I am aware that inagreat measure lam indebted to the extraordinary demonstrations of regard manifested towards me during the journey to which [ have referred, and no doubt also for a measure of that exhibi- ted on the present occasion, to those efforts which | have ‘been enabled to make in behalf of the liberties of my coun- try—in the honest feelings of my heart I say the liberties of my country—in the course I have pursued on the right of speech and of petition. These supplementary services of my life were utterly unexpected to me; Ine- ver could have anticipated that I should be called upon to defend eur liberties from assaults coming from within, assaults made ya our own hands. Early in life it was my Jot to serve the country in foreign lands—to Jend my nid in resisting foreign eggression; but I never could have anticipated that a blow threatening the liber- ties of the country, was impending over us at the hands of the people themselves. For the last sevan years I heve found myself called upon to resist this threatened danger. indeience of the right Ihave fought with what manhood I might To this do | owethe enthusiastic ap. probation which is bestowed upon me here and else where. In the course | have taken, I have relied on my constituents—on the people of this commonwealth. They have sustained me, and to them belongs the honor, not to me. The right of petition is not yet restored. At the jast session of Congress it was secured for a season—se cured by a majority of three votes—but the mght was again lost. s negotiated away. And in view ofthe resent politicel aspects, 1 cannot flatter you with the ope that it will very soon be restored. But on this oc. casion | would avoid an approach to political Gye From thedesign of simply thanking you for your kind reception, which was my only purpose in addressing you, I have been led away unconsciously to indulge in the feelings which absorb my soul. It only remains for me to express to you the feelings of the warmest and deepest gratitude which your kindness has excited in me, and in return to invoke upon you the blessing of God, and breath @ prayer for your continued prospe- rity. Durings the delivery of this speech, Mr. Adams was frequently interrupted by bursts of enthusiastic applause. It was listened to with intense interest by all. Improvements In CanaDa.—The Corporation of Toronto,desirous of eflecting certain improvements, is endeavoring to borrow the sum of £20,000 in de- bentures for ten years, secured by mortgage on blocks and {ots in the city, the property of the Corporation, and applying £12,000 to pay off a previous mortgage. The Bank of Upper Canada, through Mr. J. G. Ri- dout, its cashier, declines to make the loan on the grouad that epplication had been made to Mr. Wil- liam Cawthra and the British America Assurance Company, end that ‘ they have no doubt a benefi- cial arrangement may yet be made with Mr. Caw- thra for the whole sum required,” which they esti- mate at £89,000 currency, Jews tn Canava.—The German and Polish Jews of Montreal having resolved to erect a Synagogue, a subscription{for that purpose has been set on foot,and, as we understand, with every prospect of success. ‘Chey have already mace some progress in their un- derieking, by the purchase of the ‘* sacred scroll,” and of a piece of land for » burial ground. Neono Riot ix Pennsyuvanta.—There have been serious riots of late at Lewistown, Pa. On Sunday night last, the boatmen assembled in con- siderable numbers and attacked the part of the town im which the negroes reside. In order to dis- verse the rioters, the Sheriff found it necessary to arder out two companies of volunteers, who scat- tered the mob and captured six ringleaders. Srqvakt—Captain Newbold, of the Transit, at Half.s,N S., from t. Vincents, reports that on tie Lh inst, in let 9037 N. lon 63 47, at 7 minutes befeie 8 o'clock, P. M , felt three severe shocks ot what ke called an earthquake, but we should say it wasmore of a seaqu ke. Recoonizen —Nichvias, Riggio has been recog- nized as Vice Consul of Sardinia for the New Eng- land States. Orrosrriox To Rat.roap.—A line of stages is about to run from Baltimore to Washington. fg Mr. Downing, the Sheriff of Washington County, Mississippi,who di fared 80 mysterious: ly last spring, was seen in New York a few weeks ago. oes aes City . ‘Tus Ovrovs Miitia Law.—Let every citizen who is opposed to the foolish, ocious and oppressive militia law, avow his determination to vote for no man forthe Legisla- ture this fall who will not pledge himself to advocate its repeal. Let the independent, neutral press of this city speak out on this subject, that the wrongs of the poor suf. ferers who have been‘imprisoned infEldredge street jail, may be avenged by the strong arm of the law. Tue Boaup or Acpyamen meets this afternoon at five o’clock, to transact the ordinary business. When shall we hear from the special committee on police, or do thi intend to do as the members of last year slid, postpone action until on the eve of being removed from office. Generar Sessions.—The October term of the Court of General ns commencesthis morning. Some very interesting trials will take place during the term, ani we arehappy also to learn that in accordance with the unanswerable n of this paper, acomplete change of efficers has mn made, thus fallowing all connected with the police to share the benefits and emoluments ari- Sag tom the duties incumbent upon them during the session. Resurrection Bopies.—Two casks were discovered yesterday, on board of the steamboat North America, at the foet of Courtlandt street, which, from aj led to suspicion that they contained something besides “crockery ware,” with which they were marked. Ofti- cer Cockefair belng sent for, after examination, cenclud- ed they contained dead bodies, and had them taken on shore and opened, when such was found to be the result. One contained an elderly male person and a female, packed in salt,and the ether a male, also pickled in the same manner. They were directed to “A. W. Hyde, Whitehall, N. ¥.—per Baker’ Troy Line,” and no doubt were thus put up assubjects for dissection. The coroner held inquests on the bodies, and ordered them to be buried in Potter’s Field, from whence it is very probable they were obtained by body snatchers. One of them has been rocognized as a Blackwell’s Island convict, that had been buried in Potter’s Field. Can the keeper of the Field throw any light on this subject? Who packed these bodies ? AceipentaL Deatu.—On Saturday morning, while Lawrence Grinnen was engaged in assisting to tear down a two story building, at No. 43 Mulberry street, he threw one of the rafters from the roof, and as it from his hands,several nails protruding from it caught his clothes, and he was forced peeileng ia the yard below, striking his head upon the pump as he descended. He was imme- diately conveyed to the City Hospital, where he died in a few hours afterwards. An inquest was held by the coroner—verdict accidental death. ’ Mosr Exrraorpinary Suictpg.—We never read any thing more extraordinary than the following. It appears almost too strange to be true, and yet “ truth is strange, stranger than fiction :”— The Lebanon (Ohio) Star says, the body of a oung man by the name of David T. Gerard, be- fore mentioned, was found on Thursday morning, suepended by the neck toa tree about a mile from the Blue Ball, and near the western border ef War- ren county. An inquest was held over his body, and we learnfrom the ceroner that the jury brought in averdict of self murder. Amongst his pares was found a will, bequeathing his property to his mother, who lives somewhere in Indiana. He was worth in money, judgments, due bills, and personal pro- perty, from fifteen to eighteen hundred dollars, of which $789 50 are on deposite in the Lafayette Bank in Cincinnati, and $105 15 were found in his trunk. He was about 35 years of age, of good mo- ral character, and a good school teacher, in which profession he had been for several years employed. Though not considered deranged, he was ecce: tric in hisconduct, and of a misanthropic tempera- ment. sr be The following papers found in his hat and trunk, were handed to us by the coroner. No doubt they are genuine :— : | Wepnespay, 13th, 1843. “«T wish to be buried in a plain, cheap manner, insome retired and lonely spot. I wish my grave to be left level aud not astone raised to tell where I lie; and if I have any friend left, I want him next spring to go and sod my pieye over perfectly level and s::ooth, so that the place may be lost and for- gotten as soon as possible. “T wish Mr. J. Patterson to take my saddlebags key, and go to Aaron Russell’s, and in the pre- sence of him and John Lummis open said bags; examine the contents; read my will te them; an then leave the key and all with them. I want my yellow trunk opened; the money in it to be paid out for my funeral expenses, and the balance to be id by my executors. ¥ Re TS Bek the mouths of irs and fools, I do hereby certify that my death is brought about b: my own cool and deliberate act. I intend swal- lowing half a pint of braudy, 15 grains of mor- phine, and an ounce of laudanum. I shall only use the rope for fear I vomit, and thus defeat my object, for | am resolved to go. Iam weary of the world. It is not the place for an honest man, I want no preaching over me, for fear they will lie about me. 3 “©The letters found in my trunk I wish handed to the individuals to whem they are directed—those in my saddlebags I want mailed and postage paid as soon as possible. “This is a gloomy day, to meatleast. That glorious sun which once shone so brightly on (what appeared to me,) this fair world of ours, will rise no more on me. If it'did, it would appear shorn of allits splendor. For many days all nature seemed to languish. In vain have the flowers spread their gaudy foliage, all nature’s smiles are frowns to him who hasa btoken heart. I have struggled on through adverse fortune from boyhood te the present hour, till Iam weary of the warfare. T leave the world without a decided opinion on any thing. The whole concern is a mystery I cannot comprehend. It is a serious matter to think of, dreppiag suddenly out of existence and going, you know not where. It is a leap in the dark; but I have no relatives, and very few friends: here to grieve after me. A few years at most, and I will be forgotten, i" “My life, if compared with the mass, would be about a medium one, or perhaps a little above. have lived an honest and tolerably moral life. have often been the victim of other people’s wick- edness, and they have generally had the cunning and address to put all the blame on me—and often I have borne it with calmness and resignation, and never tried to justify myself. For ‘* vengeance is mine, and 1 will repay, saith the Lord.” Thave often been more the injured than the injarer. As I am going, I could easily take signal vengeance on many of my enemies, butI scorn todo it. They are beneath my notice. I am proud even in death. I shall soon be far beyond the reach of their enmity. They may gratify their malignant dispositions by blackening and aspersing my character; but it will nothurt me. Death is to me like starting ona long journey; I feel sorry to part from old acquaintances and familiar objects, but it has lost all its terrors The subject is ever present to my mind toca, I can think offnothing elsee—and why need I?—Every reflecting person must know that a maa has a gloomy prospect in the future that deliberately sets about destroying himselt—such is mine. I cannot think of wandering to and fro, up and down the earth any longer; and I cannot be settled as I wish, so will just make my bow, thank the audience for their kind and respectful attention, and leave the stage to better actors. Not a wave of pleasure rolls Across my peaceful breast. “T bid a long and final farewell to all my friends, and most cheerfully pardon and forgive all my ene- mies. “These are the last linesI shall ever write. J shall soon Pernt ee the soul-benumb- ing drug. I shall make my work secure. eae . “Davip T. Gararp. “A slight tremor affects my nerves. “For THE Wistern Srar. “Departed this life, by taking poison, on the 13th inst., David Gerard, who had been an old and faith- ful school teacher in this and Butler county. He assigns no particular reasons, only that he was weary of life.” Nrnto’s.—The true lovers of the highest possible order of Music will be gratified to hear that the Proprietor has entered into an arrangement with the Italian Troupe to produce the new opera of Gemma di Vergy, by Donizetti, so well knewn as composer of the two operas “ La Fille du Regi- ment,” and “ Lucia di Lammermoor.” Signor Pe- rozzi is indisputably the very best tenor we have heard for years. Signor Calveti is aiso to appear for the first time. It is gratifying to the public generally to hear that there is an active movement making to establish the Italian Opera through the winter, by subscription. We hope it may be car- ried into eflect. It would well repay the Italian Troupe if theit repertoire of operas be sufficiently strong as to admit of a succession of novelty. Crrcvs.—This evening, the Minstrels, Booth, Jenkine, Edwards, George—Brass Band—John Gossin—Horsemanship—Athietic Games of the Arena—-Sommersetting—-Splendid Cavalcade-— beauty, youth, wit, gaicty, fashion, and respecta- bility, and a fine chowder in the saloon. Tar Harsimvs Muxpsr Case.—Graham and Lammer have been found guilty. 0G THE GREATEST LIVING CURIOSITY EVER presented to the public is decidedly Casper Mauser, whether biped or quadruped, man or monkey, brute or being, itis difficult to decide. He ty to al M4 ot the peculiarities of all. He hastwo y all fours—he has intellect, yet is mischievor —he has the power of speech, yet has animal pro} Doubts may exist as to his origin, but none will arise as o his being the most extraordinary phenomenon nature r produced. A celebrated band of Ethiopian ng! strela ure sngaged— Jenkins accompanies them A hett of anjo; besides which the Fud-ge Merms other attractions are allto be seen at Peale’s Museum for one shilling. 0g We received no papers by the mail last night. —_—_—_ THERE WILL BE CROWDED HOUSES THIS at both the Museums, for they have opened exceed- ingly rich. At the American we perceive the public’s old favorite, Dr, Valeotine iwengaged: and will present many new stories and delineations which will delight his audir tors. But he is only one of a dozen engaged there, while st Peale's the Southern Minstrels and otner talented ner- formers are engaged, besides the Wild Boy ofthe Woods, and the whole is seen for only one shilling. No place of amusement affords more cheste and interesting enter- tainments than our Museums under their present efficient monegers. {g- DEATH OF OFFICER BENJAMIN F. TOMP- KINS —At om of the officers attached te the er Police, on Saturday afternoon, Gilbert F. Hays was called to the chair, and Egbert G. Sweet appointed Sec- ry. ‘The following preamble and resolutions were unani- meusly adopted :— Whereas, it has pleased Almighty God to remove by death our aesociate and brother, jamin F. Tompkins— therefore, Resolved, That we deeply lament his lose, having been associated wilh bim for many years—-he always manifest ing a kind disposition, ever reédy to assist the needy, ho- acstand upright in all bis aftaire with wan. ‘hat we condole with the orphan d friends ot the deceased iu their while we Jament his death, it isa solemn warning to us all to be prepared to follow him. Resolved, That the officers of this department attend the funeral of our deceased friend, from his late resi- bein 49 Bayard street, on Sunday morning, at seven lock. Resolved, That a copy of the above Lpeenniesat reso- lutions be transmitted te the friends of the family. (Signed) G. ¥. HAYS, Chairman. E. G. Swerr, Secretary. 0G- THE BOAT RACE.—In looking over the co- Jumns of the “ Sunday Herald” of yesterday, I am some- what surprised to there find an affidavit over the signa- ture of Stephen Roberts, my late competitor, to the effect that his boat did not come in contact with mine du: ing the race, with the gratuitous opinien on his part, that he considers he has won the race fairly; aiso that we refuse or contest the Aiving up of the stakes. Now, for the in- formation of those concerned, I will a statement of some of the facts in the ca: that all who know me will consider an affidavit necessary and uncalled for. Mr. Roberts’ boat did come incontact with mine during the races furthermore,I have not contested the giving up of the stakes, but consider, as I did betore the race, that I was in the hands of the judges, who it seems cannot agree; and I am now willing to pur- sue the ordinary course in such cases, viz., row the race over again. Ifany further proof of the above mentioned facts is required from me, it will be forthcoming from dis- interested persons, SIDNEY DORLON. dren, and 0G- A CARD—TO PUBLILHERS OF NEWSPA- PERS.—We have no idea of attempting to foliow the seve- ral worthless renegades who make libellous attacks upon. us, and have no character or responsibily to answer for them. We pay the press an immense amount yearlv, and that, if no other consideration should cause them to look to the character of the advertiments they eat itine. rent vagebonds or respectable loafers, before they give placeto them. We shall after this fair an.! open notice, commence suits and complaints against any pub'ishers who admits libellous matter against us, whether it is an advertisement or not. Henry Dalley, aforeign gentleman, who has been since March last, under injunction, from the Caurt of Chance- ry, of this State, directed to him, and all his agents and aids, forbidding him under penalty of ten thousand dollars, from issuing or putting forth in any may an article call- ed ‘ Dalley’s Pain Extractor,” or ony thing like it, which he has gromly, violated, as well as his contract with us, and has even inserted some false and scurrilous advertise- ment against He is now under notice of motion for attachment against his person for such violation, and we intend to teach this Englishman, that he must. t his contract and the lawsofour country. We expended over five thousand dollars to get this article into notice, and do not intend he or his aids shall rob us of our rights, or vili- y us withimpunity. We have no doubt the press will cheerfully dous justice, and exclude any libellous mat- ter—now it is thus called to their attention. Should there be any exceptions, we will affurd them the pleasure of de- fending a prosecution. We are, very respectfully, COMSTOCK & CO., Wholesale Druggiste, 21 Courtlandt street. and villages of the Uni- Our Lawyers, in all the tow: ted States and British America, will receive this paper ; and are hereby instructed to ihn Proprietors of ma newspaper that shall publish any thing libellous,cal- culated to injure us, or our articles whoever may be the author of it. COMSTOCK & CO. * gG- CAUTION.—The great popularity Sherman’s Lo- zenges and Plasters have obtained, has induced many to attempt to palm off worthless articles in their place, be- cause they can make more money bythem. Don’t goto Dr. Symes’ drug store, corner of Bowery and Walker st, for Sherman’s Lozenges, as you will have a worthless ar- ticle imposed upon you. Complaint to that effect was made last Friday by a customer. Don’t go to Hibbard’s drug store in the baat § for Sherman's Poor Man’s Plas- ter, as they sell amiserable imitation in place of the ge- nuine. Sothecustomerscomplain. All persons should avoid dealing with those who impose upon them. Dr. Sherman’s warehouse is 106 Nassau street. Agents, 110, 278, 459 and 601 Broadway; 10 Astor House; 227 Hudsou street; 188 Bowery; 77 Kost Broadway; 86 Wm. street, and 139 Fulton street, Brooklyn. staenioemmemmnmmemmmemenrecalensintcasemniaienetioammnetemnseadt MONEY MARKET. Sunday, October 1—6 P. M. The foreign exchange market seems to have touched its highest points,from the indications afforded by,the transactions for the packet yesterday. They are falling at all points—New Orleans, Charleston, Baltimore, and this city. AtBaltimore they were dullon Friday at 9329 with sight checks on this city at par. Some Maryland State coupons sold as follows :—viz. those of 1541 and 1942 at 91 cents, and those of 1848 at 80 cents. The position of the money market relative to the eon- tinued abundance of money, ond its influence vpon the values of stock, is matter of m interest at this mement. There scems to be two parties torming in relation to the matter ; one emanating from those operating jor a fallin stock, contend that money will soon increase in value, and that consequently banks will withdraw their loans upon stocks, causing a great fall in the latter, which are assumed to be too high. The other party contends that the plenteousness of money must continue for along time to come, and that in no event can capital be withdrawn {rom stocks to an extent which will cause a fall, as the prices are not yet so high as they should be. It seems to be the case that both parties lose sight of the facts of the case, and do not embrace in their views the whole position of affairs. The bunks are not the cause of the cheapness of money ; nor dees the price of money depend upon their will. They are only the instruments by which the accumulations of money, much or little, are loaned out ; and the {price depends upon the propor- tion of the whole quantity to be loaned to the demand The object of the banks is always to get as much as they can, yet one of the Wall street papers gravely makes the following announcement :— This, as our readers are aware, has in some cases been aslow as three percent, though the majority of the loans by the banks, for the last three or four months, been made at from three and a halfto four percent. The latter is the general rate now charged, and some symptoms are evinced of a disposition to advance to the ordinary rates upon the first favorable opportunity. _ The purport of this is, that the banks have had here- tofore no disposition to get more for their money, but have just concluded that it will be best to get more as soon as they can. This is no doubt the case, and has been for the last 20 years, but when will they be able to get more? All the indications of trade are, that for the next year they will not getso much. A great mistake Prevails in relation to the value of stocks, and the agency which the banks have had in producing the rise which has taken place since January. The rise in stocks and the fall in the valueof money, have both grown out of the same cause, viz. an increased abundance of the latter, consequent upon causes which have been operating all over the commercial world. The rate of interest in Lon- don fell in 18 months from 6 to 14 per cent per annum. In this city it fell from 6 per cent in August, 1842, to 3 per cent in 1843. Yet stocks have not risen in anythin; like the same proportion, nor are they now so high they have been in usual years. For instance, New York 5 percent stocks in this market, sell at 992100. The following is a list of rates at which this State contracted its loans in several years, from official returns :— When Redeem- Present made. Rate. Object. able.” mot. Terms, price. 1826, 5 Oswego canal 1816 227,000 par i md 5 Cayuga “ 1846 150,000 6 100 5 Oswego “* 186 110,000 "2 100 5 Chemung “* 1850 150,000‘ 10) 9 aloo 5 pe? ye 1850 240,000 1b 99 aldo 1831, § Chenango" 1815 900,000“ 1005 1936, 4 Loma 1045 675,000 1yad 90540100 a, These are a sufficient index to the state of the market through ten years. When the tariff of 1828 went ipto operation, paralyzing trade and causing a plethora of money, which under the national bank swelled to an enormous extent in 1836, this State obtained for 5 per cent stocks, 20 years to run, 16 percent ! All other stocks were equally high. The price of New York 5’s, 20 years to run, is now nearly par, and the 6’ at 103, Yet there is an outcry as if there was an enormous bubble ready to burst. The banks of this city are represented as the sole cause, and it is stated that tho alledged inflation and bubble is in this city only. Now, what is the fact. The following are sales of Massachu- setts 6’s, in Boston on Friday, and of New York 5’ hore, on the same day. ing 5's, £5,800 101 At Boston Massachusetts Sterling 5 61000 wars At New York State 5's, $5,000 = 908 So itseems stocks are 1 per cent higher or money lower in Boston than here. The following represents the rise whieh has taken place in [the leading stocks in this city, since January last :—