The New York Herald Newspaper, May 20, 1843, Page 1

THE NEW YORK HERALD. Vol, £X,—=No, 137 += W hare Ro, 830: To the Public, THE NEW YORK HERALD—daily newspaper—pub- Ushed every day of the year exeept New Year's day and Fourthef July. Price 2 cents per copy—or $7 26 per an- num—postages paid—cash in advance. THE WEEKLY HERALD—published every Saturday morning—price 6} cents per copy, or $3 12 per annum- postages paid—cash in advance. ADVERTISERS are informed that the circulation of theHerald is over THIRTY THOUSAND, and increasing ast. Ithas the largest circulation of any paper in this city ov the world, and is therefore, the beat channel for business sen inthe city ur country Prices moderate—cash in ad- wence PRINTING ofall kinds, executed at the most moderate prices, and in the most elegant style. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, Paornietor or THE Hewarp Esrasiisament, Northwest corner of Fuiton and Naasan streets mshtirg=The, whole or rick Dacivne Hous m S near 4th st, rentvery low Apply to W.& JT foorr, 43 Perk slip. HOUS+S farfe houses on the corner of 84th street and 3d avena :M..of them is calculated for a public house, grocery or Vate residence On the premises ts a fine stable, towling alley, and a fine garden, comristing of 8 ots, with grape vines and fruit Greos thereun. Wor terms, iaguire o (OHN A. MORRILL, Exq., ma Pwr No. 11 Chambers st. TO LET. % Mansion House at Bloomingd Te D known os Abbey” situateda sh refistance above I he si ile stone, jast above Stryker’s Bay, ind nearly romte St. Michzeis Church ‘The place is well known as Cue of the most delightful situations on the Island, and is mi kebiy hea'thy in the saminer season Tee Bloomingdale staves j d repass the gate every honr in the day. The gate is new, and numbered 101. The vent wili be in accordance with the present stae of the mises, or at 132 Chambers street, times: A ply on Arranvemelteoald be made, if desired, by a satise factory tenant, to eta pars of the furaiture ng the house retadin, or a part of the house will be rented separately. mi6 im*r ma TO LE T—The fire proot prick store, No. 1¢5 south fg sh wath immediate poay-esion if reauired) apply to WOODHULL & MINTURN, mar 87 Sonth street. TO LET OR, TALE—A three sory modem built brick dwelling tonse and store. wi h two lois of ground arerched, situated in Williamsburg, abont two Binne s walk from the Peck Siip Ferry Apcly on the premis- es, corner of Fourth and South-Kighth streets. Williamsbu W. & J.T. TAPSCOTT, eo y abseriber.a No 313 Broadwiy, corner of Anthony st. Inthts fine co leetio’ will found, smong other fare pants, © very fine assortment of monthly avd anneal roses; such ne hte avd red mogs.¥: Low Harnaor C yiage Greville, Mat iflora, Yellow Tea, Yeliow Noivette, Triumph o! Lexin- bag, Tea Bongere, .tteme Hersan‘e, Reine I tede Bour hou nnd cereat varlety of o her roses; Geraninms, Azaleas, pe Jessam n-2,Callas Cactuses, Pittosporams,Passion V-nes, Gorbeas, Tuctal a, Helioitopes, Cameltior, Heahs, Daphner, it tof whica aa 4,000 Greenhouse Plaats will be sold cheap for ¢ th 3 Garden ks ‘Person yrchasing at wholesale will be liberally deal: with ‘The la ies ia particu ar aud amateurs in eneral cre invited to ceili and examine this collection, of whith there wiil be daily ery craee ailtve toca ties being gi day pre: augue will be made up, on notice being given a day pre- viows eM. PeVveNdston, m156t*m 98 hstree , Thind Avenue. a FARM FOR SALK—The beswifal immrove. Mick- y wiove Farm situcted in the town of Mumoro:'eck, Wesrcneater county, three miles ea:t_ ef New Roch:lle, eres of cho’ ten of mK Geu le two story hotiss, ten rooms. ‘The house is aur:oauded with oume ous cherry, plumb, pear and other fruit trees, toge- ple orch ird of the choicest k nd. ‘Th i hones, laid hbo: Fonte ee , laid out we x aud grave walks throu; a Msrocked wi hall of the rarest shrasbery, 3 hand lowe! some lawns in front end rear of the house. ‘Che tekor stands on a nsing g-ound, twenty rods distance from the hou with bean'i ul lof y trees, and i kept as uleasnre grows ing a goo! view of the hs place I worth the att: ation of Acuuptry resi- Tece, Bria ther formation enquire ot ROBT LE Wis eorver Junge Veneand South street, or of Waptarn SAMUEL GROVES. onthe p-emises. mPvoer TO THE PUBLIC, _ 5 HY ATTENTION of the lovers of Science, Literature ‘and the Arts is invited to the fallowing notice : the sale of the lorgest Py sate Library, Collection of Engravings, &e., ever offered in Mr. If 8h xt, fo spend J examination of th e es, i x rove pieats i exreution, in decal, as w Il as ‘nnd qu-lity of materia's, as have beer made or adopted barope in and 3). Mr. Towne having og prmphiets, (towhich refesence ix pa - ticular y mie) |-atsum ner, to, many—puolic iuatications and private iad viduals,anuouneing his brary aud whole colletion of Encr.vings at private sal will gow. a. tar As possible, do so before leaving in July. Frgravings, by fa. the most va'aanle co the United States, wt be scld at auetio by Gur'ey & Hill, at the New York Lon way, in, sev tal sales, et intereals of two or three dey: tween he 2h iustant mext aud the lat of July, logaes will be read; 14 ses-onto send by mail,to perso: to be desn I who may r qa st th or agen 8 to p r will feitfall sit CO ree execute any OF jumnes (excepting about 10:0 end iiw led Wor 8 least Tikely to be wanted by oabiie inrttuti ns, itis thonght should be ro'd stauction with the Engravings.) willbe sold at pirate gle only on arple-tign to Mr ‘Townr, Architect, No. 9/ Mrenants’ Exe iang-, New York, twhers 'a cousiderabie purr of bie xy may be sern. th> balance, th: grea pee Se New Eaves. It will be sold instich-po: tio ra Ne will be seen, on sefervnee to 1 on ena orrsney es, to any othe: od works splemda ving. ; f wre ine the present law of duties neuily all books of @ngraviogs tim books, jay 80 a duty, ax O almost untiou.that this Libras i inh atry, -epeeially io fine ed y Ulasteated wich the most cosily en- e this very are and ex wh» may wish to obtai tive cheracter are new or will 1 ery few work! b exteat fir ed evar, as Evra «acd Books of Bux herevafore pri Cie, acd were freely imported, nnder the present tariff,ha' a duty’ of 20 per e-nt ‘added to the cort of impurtation Th fi Kogravings will cousist of Laud eaprs, His- mig vere w BRANDES wc HE subseriber offers the following Wines, &e. for sale at 45 johns and bottles, rect, corner ef Witham. x glass, of various bhds, quarcer caske, @ pa avd hgh cost, direct ant Bherries, in pipes, hhds, quarter e-sus and grades—amonnliado iu quarter cask i ’ Porc—Imported expressly for family use, in wood and in 1 . frete—Chatann Margoanx, Latoure, Bt, Estrphe, Larose, m cask Phe ‘haunes berg Castle, Mareobynner Cab net.Char's berger Bronede g, Assnanshause: echanseu, Hinterhea detec adesh wiper, Hetteaheun, Peisporer, Leibfeaamileh, Grovenihermer Heehherwer, ace. 8 Se. Soaterne, Bireye, Museat, Chablis BuinsudiesClos de Vouzeot, Chambertin, Romanee, arg Wid Cogvae Brandy, vintage 1783; expcessly for summer “Fine Holand Gin. det vi y ‘arti les are recommended to the infirm asa sove- reunrancly rthe malades. GILBERT DAVIS. Si i Piano FORTES “The subseribers respretfully invite ineir friends and the pablie im general, to call at their esta blishiment, No. roadway, where they have on hand » well assorted sicex of mshogany ant ruse wood French grand no Fortes, with all the late mprovements. warranted. ra 1 One esr sworcribers also bes Jen im che public, that this is the establishment former I; kept by Benvet aud Hawkins, bat a: present occupied, by the rubseril he prices will be fw iny to tue times— Purch sere are reapectfully invi'ed_ 0 call -nd examine, N.B Alt kinds of pianos from 6 to Toctaves will he made to order. Alte pianos funed and repaired, or exchanged, ou the most reasouable terms. Also se oud hovd pianos for -alr, HENRY RICHARD & JOHN RUCK, 6 10 tal o25 ine 35) East Broadway, aq WORTH 01 piua, Giass and Both a Ware 12,000 or sateac ite kighth Ayenac. by:‘Thomen We: orl, Thus were 48 now id to retailers, a the Ig shapes, Ts. per ware, 6; per dor equa!lylow: bow 12, ; ball ‘amps from sell for 810 ond $ Noc edi ay hi Mabie tale on We yadiy, in 114 Boadway. 7) HE FRENCH AND AVERICAN 2 ATING A No. 64 and 06 Naosa street, between M idculane ond Joba atti new being! or the summer months thuroughl: sonar tht kitahen to be ait-red. to. te West India platy ct Thing the some tp the esr of the, ovaee t9 Prevent pene ie Mmcooking, whveh is in kenrral Yury an ea i ceeeand ihe diurag saloon exiurged ony € ‘cor rated t vor Fieteh atyley wih a ble ta leg, suyero ut rate ee ine rtle ststnes uf. Geueral Weahage my Re ¢ whe ith Couvenn vee sit tb aud ards one te Ue Aovve ou Uf the moet genteel, am tnt fron 66-uls sud apwa ds; the beat Ja &y, ij he finest bliek Tea ‘fn! 3 centsa cap; the bra Clare: ine at 6 cents a smal! bott € ‘The Subscriber, seneide 0 truth thet retrenchment i the order f the day, fident that No pace exists where the d soription furnished at his house can be >u passed for lewness of charge at havin, been bis cous ant aim to endea- Yo. 10 ealer at the ma: eeqnoinical prices. IL. ts selene to men- to more th Samer cg |_ng since evtablish: dar the first ofite d ser'p iow in tois ety. Those ia doubt of the same can coc RV: ced by the crowds Of gertlemen of the fmt rexpectabilic ish ths past avd Aittert acrnti aaree of p mil awe scrimminating public for their us of retaining f GOSLING. - L. M. CYRUS GRAPH PORTRAITS —D: the inventor of ¢ theness of the 8 bril ieney of coor —eh her avcient Gratcfal f ® the has received from merous fr the publiegenealiy Dob. Y' weud f: hem that he tun fed wp, forthe Suton uf ledvew, a suive Ofroome in Pik Priee Honse cor of Broudway; where he ruse his skill an hy fis n tectiou toc wro may consrium with their fevers wil: iawe hinya continuanee of the patronege hithe,to #o liberally bea owed on him, $ we Do tor gives instruction ine rreoty pe cud Phyt ge phre ar ge — lis’ VATENT Litt BOSE, Otee No. 7 ma A ‘Wall arreet PRAU DE FLEUR Dio J For sate by i. low prices. NGs & MADEIRA WINE— F. QUIDORT, No. 59 Clinton street, at m3 im*m NEW YORK, SATURDAY MORNING, MAY 20, 1843. "THE GREAT WEBSTER DINNER. Th: Great ‘omp!imentary Dinner to Mr. Webster at Baltimore on Thursday Inst.— Mr, Webster’s Speech In fall. The great dinner given by the merchants of the city of Baltimore to the Hor. Danity Wesstsr, took place at Coleman’s Exchange Hotel on Thurs- day evening last. The entertainment was got up in the most magnificent style, and reflected the greatest possible credit on the proprietor of this com- modious and elegant establishment—now the great lushionable hotel of Baltimore. The viaods were of the best quality—cooked in the style of the most ac- complished artists. All the delicacies of the season were in abundance, and the wines were of the choicest brands, and furnished most satisfactory evidence of experienced judgment and taste in their selection. The Chair was occupied by Rosert Gitmore, Eeq., one of the oldest and most respectable merchants in Baltimore. Amongst the guests, who were upwards of one hundred in number, were included almost all the prominent and influential men in the mercantile and professional community of the favored capital of Maryland. We noticed the Hon. W. C. Johason, Col. Crane, 4th Artillery ; Col. Moore; Mr. Lee, the U. 8. Dis- trict Attorney for Maryland; but it oceasioned a good deal of surprise to many that the Hon. Ca- leb Cushing, Mr. Fletcher Webster, and some other distinguished public men who were in town, had not beeninvited. Indeed in several part'culars the Committee appeared to have acted with little li- berality or propriety. But as they were probably notmuch accustemed to getting up public dianers, we excuse them this time, and trust that on the next similar occasion they will be more liberal, and dis. cover better taste. After the cloth was removed, the Chairman rose and said— Genuemen, fill your glasses for the first toast.— You will recollect that there ere agsembled here this night, men of alldescriptions of parties, with- outany distinction I hope nothing will tend in the sligh‘est degree to interrupt the harmony of the occasion. Applause at public dinners is sometimes not very discriminating, and therefore it will te best to abstain from it altogether. 1 give you then— “ Toe Union, now and forever—one and inseparable.” One of the vice-presidents read it ‘* indispensa- ble,” which occasioned a laugh, and then the band struck up “‘ HailColumbia,” belore the toast had been drank. The nexttoast was— “ The President of the United States.” Drank in solemn silence. Air—‘“ The President’s March.” The next was— acmne Constitution—its authors, expounders, and defen- jers. The next toast was— “The memory of Washington.” The Cuarman then rose and said:—It would have been much my desire to introduce by some appro- priate remark, the toast which Ihave next the honor to propose I wou!d have wished to express in ade- quate terms, iny sense of the eminentservices render- ed to our couatry,and,indeed,to the whole commer- cial world, by the distinguished statesman whom we have this day assembled to honor, in the late negy- tiations between this country and Great Britain, and which have so happily resulted in uniting still more closely, two nations whose interes's are so intimate- ly connected. May God long preserve in unbroken unity those bonds of peace! But unaccostomed as Iam to public speaking, and suffering severely from an affection cf the throat, which prevents me from speaking any length of time, I em constrained to confine myself to these few remarks I now offer youth toast which Ihave thus feebly introduced, ard wiach Ihave no doubt will be received with 1: respect and deference which it merits:— ~ Our Guest—Daniel Webster.” The sentiment was received with great applause. Mr. Weasten then rose and was received with loud i 8 trust none of you will donbt that I receive with peculiar gratification this mark of your respect for well intended efforts te serve the country 5 and I feel obliged to you, sir, who hav wall know, Song since retired from active iife, for doing me the honer of filling the chair this night. I bopel may consider ita proof of resyect, mutual at least, and founsted on an acquaintance of many years. The gratification which the occasion gives is certainly greatly enhanced by the consideration that, ave remarked, the gentlemen who compose t pectable meeting, come here actuated by ne party motives—by no sinister or parti- zau designs; by no wish to promote or to depressthe cause of mere politicians Because | know that in the absence ot anch feelings | have apassurance that this meetin, what i parpo:tsto be ecomplimenttoanh nest purposeto serve the public, not unattended, perhaps, with some degree of success. And conscious that in these endeavors to serve thecountry I have been free—free from and far above all party feeling—all local and sectional otj-cts of policy, 1 do think that I per in this @ compliment not altogether inappropriate. Mr. President and Gen- tlemen, I know not how best to return to yeu my thanks—to make rome not unbecoming acknowledg- ment of this ey of your attention and regard. But as I feel myself to be in one of the principal cities of the Union—disiinguished forits commercial intercourse—its rapid career—its patriotic cb: the present period is one of gr cial community, perhaps I capnot do ht» the few moments I may be permitte ess you, in offering some suggstions touching ommercial in- teresta of the country, and the policy in regard te them which the time demands. It is Sheath ment trite, not the coupy lesa important, that the great interests of snciety are aii mingled. The commercial—the agricultural—the manu- of ind ire entwined, if | may the aame column—sre supported by the rupk—flourish together or fade tog-ther. And he riend to neither that would attempt 'o set up an op- position bet ween the interests of the one end of the other. This isa truth, however common, which cannot perhaps be too often repeated Because in the contests of interests in the struggle for preference by law, in favor of the ene or against the other, this general union—1 may say this common. destiny is not always understood. or it understood is not always regarded. In a country like this, especially where the greatest number of inhab itants find sustenanc: auite of agriculture— where gi tonads | ind housed, and clothed by mannfactures—and where there are also other great maases whose houses and support are on the seas, the vi first principle of legislation should imply the recognition of this essential connection between the interests of these various pursuits, und the high importance of always re [od ie day tg ash ving @ general character. Agriculture furnishes the means ot ance to human beings, but it does not supply them with cheap and comiortable clo- thing—what then would become of agriculture withou' mautactures, and of them in their turn, if there were no buyers of the manufactured article? ‘he commereial interest is dependent upon both, for there must be commo dities to be transported and exchanges to be accomplished before the vessels destined for this transportation can be engaged, or the agents find employment and reward. Mr. President and gentlemen, allow meon this occasion to e: press what | feel—that it is to the commercial interests— to the animwtion and the spirit and the enterprize of the great commercial cities of the country, that re to attribute in the first place the original movements in favor of the gfeat works of internal improvement, by which we are now so honorably distinguished. This resuits pitel is in the cities in the c ties.-— the origin of from the nature of the case. The —the means of communicati h modern times—where but in active commer #7? And where has ivdividual treasure been poured out like water, not on the ground of a hope for a rich return in thsehepe of interest or dividends, but for &n appr: priste reward in internal improvement—where elee bas individual property been poured forth with this fluence as it bas been in the cities of the United Statos ? { have seen the many enterprises in which you have been engaged, and particularly thot great work, worthy ot Rome when Augustus was at the head of the empire— worthy of Buoneparte if his thoughts had not been turn. ed more qn works of war than of peace—worthy of any empire—the commuhication by steam between the waters of the Chesapeake and the Ohio river ; a work that proposes to surmount some of the ridges of the Allegha- hie#—to penetrate others—to proceed from tide-water by steam power on the land, until the power of steam on the land surrenders to the power of stean on the water, and which exercised on one element or on the other connects the great valley of the west with the ocean The pros perity ef thecommerce of the courtry,then,as connected with individual heppiness, as connected with the growth ed, 1 may add, with the re- vente of the country, and as connected with al) the works of internal improvement whieh unite us by 60 many ties—North to South and East to West—the prope city of this commerce 1s of the highest and most impor- tant consideration for all public me, and all intel! ciizens. I may be permitted, sir. to nay that around, in every part of the country, that ther conviction of this truth—that we are now at the end. No: Lam incorrect in that expression—I was about to y at the end of a universal peace of twenty-five years. God grant we may be far from the end of it! Butrl say we are at a period when & universal peace of some twenty-five years has prevailed. During that period all the civilized nations of the world have been turning their thoughts from war to peaee—have given at- tention to their own improvement—the advancement of their own interests, sgricultural, commercivl and manu- facturing. So that while there is not now going ona contest of armed force, there is going on a very severe— a very well maintained contest on many sided in regard to thé protection of the arta, the furtherance of (he pur: d products of labor, and general imprevement in uks of society. In short, we live in an age—it is our geod fortuve to live in anage in which governmenta d individuals are thinking more of benefitting them. selves than of annoying or des:roying ir enemies. This appears to me, gentlemen, to hove bod ver general feeling, by no means confize! to this country, but pervading agreet part ot Knrope, of this character men, public and privare men, have adop eda strong opi: nion that the intercourse of the principal nations of the world may be made the su’ ject o! treaty, of stipulation, which term fuse in a much 1 sense (han that usually attached to it. Wy this subj ct a common topic of discussion in thy houses of Partiamintia Eg Jand, inthe hambers of France, in our own legislatures- and, indeed, throughout the commercial werld. It seems- fo tive ity sein Lacie opinion—a just one—that il na tions seek their own interes whether of revenue, or those which are called protective by the regulation of duties, itis wise for them, before resorting to indepen- dent legislation, with the view onthe part ofone to soun- tervail the acta of others, to sider whether it be not more expedient that the parties should come to an under standing, instead of at once adopting ti almost ho: tile legislation. The commereial intercourse of nations is aflected in our day, aimast in ull nations. rtainly in the principal nations—by two considerations—revenue, and the encouragement and protection of the home industry. These two considerations influence the subject of com. merce. Sometimes the one prevails, and sometimes the other. But ali nations at the present moment appear to be monifesting agreat degree of acuteness in the percep. tion of what their interests, whether financial or indus trial, seemto require, We know that between Ergland and Russia there has latterly been a new commercial treaty—not very important, Ithink. We know that at tempta have been made to accomplish a treaty between England and France, and between Englend and lortuga! We know thata recent attempt has beep made ina case very important tu us, and which, in its results, might have been very important to our commerce. I alludeto the attempt to form anew a commercial treaty between Exgland and Brazil. The failure, in thisinsiance, may very well inspire us with a doubt as tothe practicebility of this regulation of commerce by treaties of stipulation. 1 do not mean to speak with much confidence or much dis- trust on this subject. Iam of opinion that with respect to us here in America, the experiment is worth the trial. But at the same time it is to be remembered that not too stroig confidence should be entertained of a fa vorable result, because pending the existence of that con- fidence, and before the result is ascertained, there may be a very juconvenient stagnation of affairs produced. The peculiar point in our foreign commercial relations which in this regord has latterly attracted the most attention, is the relations between the United States and Eogland, and this in two aspects. In the first place, the duties which are to be imposed by either party on the other at hisown discretion ; and in'the next piace, the state of the iuter course between the United Staes and the colonial pro- vinces of England, on this continent and in the West Ia dies, The direct trade between us ond England stands upon areal principle of reciprocity ; [do not know that in either country there exists man ‘disposition to disturh it. It ie fair, equal, just. The trade between the United states and the British Colonies on the Continent and the Wee Indies, hus quite a different character. ‘It is not my purpose togo into that matter. But with regard tothe direct intercourse between us and England—great inte- rest is excited, many wishes expressed, and strong opinions entertained in favorof an attempt to settle duties by treaty or arrangement. Tsay, gentlemen, to you ona tariff of dutics by “ arrangement,” and use that term by design. The Constitution of the United States 1eaves with Congress, the great busi 8 of laying duties to sup port the government. It seems especially to have made it the duty of the House of Representatives to originate measures of revenue, or which eventually af fect revenue. There have been some few cass in which treaties heve been entered into having the effect to limit duties; but it is not necessary—and that is animpoitant part of the whole subject—it is not neces. sary to go upon the ida that if we come to an understand ing with foreign governments upon rates of du‘ies, that the understanding can be effvcted only by means of a trea- ty ratified by the President and two-thirds of the Se accordieg to the form of the Constitution. Becaui Jowing the example of the government in what now exists, the arringement between the United States and Fogland touching the Colonial trade, it is practicable to give to an understanding between the two governments,the force of law by ordinary acts of legislation. We ell’ know thst the present basis of trade between the United States and the Britieh Provinces, is constituted by the concurrent acts, consurrent or conditional acts of the legislatures of both countries. Our senate and House of Representa’ have, there‘ore, posed upon it; und 60 have both Houses ef Parliament; aud if the executive governments of the two countries should enter into any ne. otiations upon the subject of duties proposed by the one side, they might in the same manner be made to terminateinatreaty Butt one party by law provided for certain duties; the other par Hout. ty by luw could provide tur the «quivelont. 1 menuion this, becanse I see it often stated that to regulete duties by treaty would be to deprive the House of Representatives—one great branch of the National Legislature—of its just authority, and Iam of that opinion. I think that the t eaty-making power should not be extended, unless in eases of great mportance, to any such subjects. It is true a treaty i I land. But, then, as the whole busm mue and general provision for all the wents of the country, is un doubtedly a very peculiar business of the House of Rep- resentatives or of Congress, Lam of opinion, and always have been, that there should be no encroachment upon that power oy the exercise of the treaty-ranking power, unless in cages of great and ‘evident i Well then, gentlemen, if there be a constitutiona “ ranging those subjects by means of negotiations between the two governments, what is tl T would ask, in our present relations with England, which makes it desirable that such an attempt shottld now be made? All that can be said is, that the leading interests of the United States are allat present in a considerable degree of depression. The commercial interest—the manufacturing interest— and, so far as 1am able to perceive, the agricultural inte: rest, are all equally depressed. If I look at the price-current in the great wheat-growing States of the West, or in the plantation of the South, 1 perceive, as all perceive, great de- preciation of price: Fagem nt to ac- tivity and emulation. Whatie there, then, in our condi tion? w atis there in the intercourse betwwen the two countries that migh’ justify an attempt tv come tua mu- tual stipulation? Well, gentlemen, on this subject, Lof course, speak without ény authority. {is not forme ta assume more than any of you. But it is true thet an opinion has become somewhat cu: rent that with England there might be an arrangement favorab'e to this country, That agreemant must of course be found ed on what would be regarded es an adequate conside ration. Now, af to the objects favorable to the Uni. ted States in that agreement, | may mention them. The admisslen into England upon lower rates of duty of several of our large agricultural products, would be one of the most prominent advantages. It been found for example, that England might be induced to makea very important reduction in the duties on tobacco, and I con fess I have never been able to see why they should not do so. The tobacco duty in England is a mere matter of revenue. Ithas no collateral or ulterior obiect. It is so much money collected for the public purposes ofthe king. dom. The question therefore in the mind of an English statesman,it seems to me, can only be, whether a reduction of duty would diminish the aggregate revenue. We all know that itdoes the contrary. I’, then, with regard to this article, the diminution of the duty one-half would augment the importation one-half, it is equally beneficial to the revenue—a good deal better for the tobacco raisers—nnd I suppose not at all disagree able to those who consume the article. (A laugh.) It is also supposed—the duty, to be sure, is not 1 very heavy one, but it is still of some importance—that the regula- tions reap cting the admission into England of cotton and rice might undergo material and beneficial changes — These are articles of constderphle importence to the plantation states ot the South, n part of the country cer- tainly nt present as much depressed as any other. “Chen igain there is that great staple agricultural prodnct of oure—the maize, or as itis calied, the lodiencora Ihave an a great disco not heerd it suggested from any querter, that England would modify her corn laws, but it has heen suggested—1 know not with what degree of plansibility, and I proy y you to receive whet I now an exprassion of my own opinion m —that in regard to the article of wholesome ond cheap food, it ia possible that England might be dfsposed to stipnlate for its introduction into her ports at a low and fixed of dury. Now, ir there be a probabiiity ef that-1 may say even a slight prohatility—it is at ‘east worthy of irqniry. It is trie thet this isa very great wheat producing country, but it ia much more & great corn projucing country. Our maize is the great grain provuct ot the United States it five busheleo Tf idiancorn are produced to one bushel of wheat. Now, howev: r, small he surplus of this grain might be—if only five or ten per cent, every body can see that ite introduction on fae vorable terms into tue English merkets would be highly advantageous to the p oducers, I am aware, sir, thay many of you understard this subject much better thin I Jo—that it is an aricle of heavy freight—and yet it is brought fom Mary!and, Virginia and the Caroli- nag to Boston, and thence distributed through the East. The question then is, whether it is reacon- able and expedient to entertain the purpose—to try the experiment of errangiog with England for the Jiminution of the duty on this and other articles. Con sidering this question, every one naturally asks, where is the quid pro quo—where is the equivalent? For what n- ducements may we bepe that any of these benefits thus supposed to be possible, can be obtained 7 Undoubt y, the only inducement we can hold ont to Englaad is a modification of the tariff of the United States, This in- cludes, obviowsly, many questions. Our taritf and tuties are for ve and protection. And how efficiently either one or other of thore objects could be maintained under any modificstion, is a qu ‘ion of great eelieacy and diticuity. 1 me © express 10 confident opinion on this point. But this Jo mean to say, becavse it is a settiid conviction of my rwn jucgment—-if by any great operation that should uniie the inte ons uf all parts of the coun'ry, we can place American industry and “american labor on a per- manent foundation, that i¢ & much more important con sideretion than the degree to which protection should extend. (Applause.) Depend upon it, gentlemen, it is change, and the apprehension of change that wnnerves every working-man’s arm in this country. (Loud ap- plause,) Changes felt, or changes feared are the bane of) our industry, and the prostration of our action. (Renew- p ' edoepplause.) I live in apart of the country full of in- dustry, with some capital, with great activity; and when I go amongst my neighbors they uniformly ask me—“For God’s rake, tell us what we are to expect—lay down your law—prescribe your rule—let us see what is to be the course of the ‘government, and we can then apply our industry, invest our capital, and adapt our circumstonces to this state of things, be it what it may —-warm us, nus, Durn us-—do what you please, but let us know what you propose to do—and stick to it!” (Thunders of app Now T am of opinion that if, nndec any com @ system of policy, we could bring about a hich the north and the south, the eust and the west, should concur, it would be one eminently favorable ogriculture—to the grain’ tes reasonably favorable aiso img and commercial interests—and be: sides all this, we coud stamp on that resuit a feature of pecinanence. If we could muke on impression on it that should last for twenty years, «e would soon have a much better mate of things than for years and years past. (Applitise.) [have already said, gentlemen, that, without mutusl stipuiations, it is quite evi- dent that governments will soon be driven to “ countervail,” as it is called—-to retaliate. If one will uot accept the products of another, the nation whose products are thus rejected, will seek to retaliate— to countervaii, and thusto diminish the intercourse of the two nations. Iiseems to me that before we attempt to venture on countervailing legislation or retaliatory legis- lation, to produce a siate of things desirable to It is much wiser to see inthe present friendly disposition of nation to nation the invitation to come to a better result by a moreamicable kind of procedure. Now, gentlemen, pave fallen into some errors ia the course of treaty stipulations. Ido not mean our country in particular bat all countries. We have indulged too much in gene ralities in the terms of these treaties, We speak of placin, each other in the “position of the most favored nation.” Iu my opinion whatever treaty stipulation between states, that stipulation should be specific, indis- putable, unequivocal. precise. All these general expres sions in treativs, that A tresting with Band holding inter- tercourae with him should be placed on the footing of the most favored nation, are impracticable ina great degree and are in mony cases wholly unintelligible. What docs thes phrase—" position of the most favored nation mean ?” There is no practicable meaning to it, because our treaties are with men who deal in such various commodoties that there cannot possibly bea common standard. We meke a trealy with Russia, in which, for instance, we stipulate tnat 80 much duty shall be Jaid on a ton of iron; and no more than so much ona hundred weight of hemp We then make a treaty with the Celestial Empire; whose only traffic is in silks and teas, and we tell them that we place tnem in the position of the most favored nation. How to entered into are we to do it? How can we give for Russia a tariff which can be applicable to the Chinese? The whole history of this generalization of treaties is produc- tive of nothing but mischief, quarrela and contu- sion. We bave treaties with France, Portugal and Belgium, using these gwneral terms and the moment Congress passes an act laying duty, we have complaints from one or all of these States of infractions treaty; and these complaints are not always enti ly answered, and never possible to be denied. In all such cases the stipularions, therefore, should be spec! i t follow that because one nation enters into stipulations with another, it becomes the duty of any one to associate in Itague against the interests of other States. These subjects must be looked on in the fight of mutual regulations—stipulations leading te mutu- al advantage. upon other specific stipulations with other For example : illustration of the general principle. state of trade between this country and Brazil; to # the interests of both countries would not require or justify some stipulation to the mutual advantage of the two. What ought to take humiliation to myself for assuming to speal hom are better acquainted with it than lam mys Luse it to illustrate the general view I may take whele matter. There is no more unequal trade in the world than that between the United States and Brazil. It is altogether on one side. The UnitedStates millions, {I believe a triffe more,) of Brazi untexed: and half a million siightly taxe sugar, Atd what do they receiv gent! We take five millions untaxe slightly taxed. the late treaty between that country cent per cent, and onrs from 80 to 50 percent! Yet Eagiand tax zil coffee free end England taxes it per pound. According to the Eng treaty hetweem Evgland and Brazil does # til 1344 Broz] insists that it expired in the Brazilian government is apxivus to get Tidofit. Oa the whold, hoWever,stie was forced to yield tu the English construction, so that the treaty declared to remain in force till 1844. In the meantime some distinguished person was sent from England to renew the treary; and I must say thet f think the Brazilian Government manifest> ed little address on that subject. Brazil insisted that the treaty expired in 1842—England that it lasted t1'11844— a saystothe Eogiish Minister sent y—Slf the treaty last till 1844, 08 you y—and wesubmit to whet you say—we willtake till 1844 to consider What new treaty we will make “fea: ter.) Watching the progress of events, you will take ic for granted that our yovernment is net 80 inattentive to the great interests of the commerce of the country as not to see that in a proper muy be cone clnded between the U States and Brezil. would assurediy think it most extraordinary if Sugland would give her by treaty any such avvanteges, as those we have afforded by Iu short there isno case in the whole world, so iar as now occursto me, so proper for a treaty stipulation positively favorable to’ the United States. What is the trade of the United States with Bra 2)? Wenow receive her great orticle of product—cof ee, free Wereceive her sugar at 2} cents a pound duty. And we havea great advantage in this respect, that we have no colonial interests to protect. Er giand is re. strained in her disposition to admit Brazilian products fomthe circumstance that she has colonial products of lice character, and that she is bound to give preference to them. That would be a very good reason for her ; but it constitutes ene of the advantages of our situation to which we are fairly entitled, and no man can say that there is any reciprocity or justice in our vast consump- tion of Brazilian commodities without duty, at @ moment when our products are so highly taxed in every Brazi- lian port And this shows the fallacy of an argument which f understand was made by the British government in its communications with the Brazilians on this sulject. They said, ‘It is true thatthe United Statcstake a good deal’ of your coffee, but we take as much more; and we are paymasters even for a@ part of what they take” There @ litle approach to arrogance in that argument. Itivtrue hatthe severe du. tieson American man’ stures in Brazil, exclude vast quantities of these manufactures; and therefore we do import from Brazil merchandise to far greater amount than that of which we send in return, and we pay the difference out of other earnings of ours, nsually by means of exchanges on London made good from other sources of perty or industry. Now, if we entered the Brazillian markets on as good terms as England, we couid pay on the epot, and not bein a condition to ask Englendto pay our debtsto the Brazitian merchants. (Applause.) | per. ceive, gentlemen, that! am going into these subjects much too fe ind I have alluded to them because, in @ government on such subjects, precede legislative action ; and because I feel the time has come whrn the interests of the ceuntry require that such opinion should oe formed and expressed one way or other. Thave sai, gentlemen, that these two Stat instences of the impulse efcommerce—ot exchanges. We are very remote {rom Brvzil—none the worse for that. They huve a different climate—difterent products—different habits, 30 much the better for nil that. Jt has been said that amidst the various beings and properties of things which constitute this globe, it in « All nature’s difference, that makes ail nature’s peace! Tt may be said with ax mneB truth, that in matters of commercial intercourse, 1 is difference of climate—of soil —of products--and of habit, thaa ®eaiiy nite States, con spiring for {the benefit of @f. It in this very diflerence in their pursuits that gives) them en identity of interest one respect—that is, in the mutual interchange of commodities. Indeed with re. spect to Brazii—the other end of the continent—and much the largest power on it, except our own—one might say, that the productsof both countries seem to contribute very much to what is common to both in the common en- joyments of life. We sip with pleasure the coffee of Bra nil tour breakfost table, and sometimes sweeten it with their suger; whilst the Brezilians, do not, | believe, re- ject our rolls ora rasher of American bacon. (Laughter ) The two countries, of all others on the Continent, or per- hapsin the world, are 0 placed, that the most beneficial commercial intercourse might between them. Well, gentlemen, parting from this subject, I will con cinde with a few remarks on another. It 0 happened that very soon alter I entered upon the duties of the office which [lately held, it was the pleasure of Congress to call upon the Department for Reports on the Tarif and Commercial regulations of other countries, fects of the ‘ R-ciprocity Treaties,” as they into which the Government entered with various coun tries at various times, from 1826 to a late period. 1 do, gentlemen, entertain the strongest belief that all this principle of reciprocity acted vpon by the Government is wrong—a mistake from the beginning, and injuri- oustothe great interests of the country. What is it? By every reciprocity treaty we give tothe nation with which it is conciuded a right to trade between us and other nations on the same terms as we trade ow We give to the Hanse Towns and the other States of th samo class the right to fetch and carry, between us and all the nations of the world, on the same terms os we do; avd practically they can do it, much more firably. Im my opinion the true principle—the philosophy of polivics on this subject, is exhibited tn the Lf Navigation Law of England, introduced by some of the bold geniuses of Cromweti’s time, and veted upon ever since, The principle is this ; the rule is this: ‘Any nation may bring commodities to usin herown ves. ‘els and carry our corn to her own ports, we having the ike privilege, butno nation shall bring the products of « third nation, or carry between us and that nation. It has been said by a very distinguished person not now living, that the rule o: the » ation laws bad ite foundation in (his idea—Kogland sought in her arrangement \o seeure There is nothing derogatory to other States—nothing injurious, orcause the same impulses that lead'to a favorable course upen specific stipulations with one nation, may lead toa like favorable intercourse nations. {put thecase, not as one in which I should choose to maken practical experiment, but sitaply as an Let usadvert to the if is the state of trade between Brazil and the United States? of such a subject here, before gentlemen, most of ke some five an products T mean her e trom us untaxed 7? No- thing atall! Their taxes on commodities from the United States are excessively high. They tax the products of the labor und land of this country and sea 20, 40 and 43 per ad half a million How did they stand with Engl-nd und: r England? Her stipulation by treaty—which still existe—was that Eng- lish commodities should not be taxcd more than 15 per English cotton, clothing, &c., is taxrd only fifteen es them 100 per cent on some commodities, We take Bra- to twelve centa interpretation, the t terminate 42; for I believe e ours, an enlightened public opinion must, as much of the carrying trade of the world as she could ; and what she could 1: get herself she sought to divide it among all other net 1a one sense that is doubt- less a selfish policy far as it indicates a disposition to obtain all she con't but this is certainly not a very extraordinary <i shness. In other respects its operation is the inost just, the most philoso- phical and moat heneficial that could be desired —- ‘We may test this in a variety of ways It doestend, toa certiin’ extent, to increase the means of that Stete Which has the greatest mercantile marine atid can #-ll cheapest; but at the same time it lors give to aul others the advan- carrying their own gools. eap:r than auy other nation in the werld : pose ail the nution# in the worla shoul! adopt the cur t notions of Frve Trad, and opeo their ports to wll that hove 10 cater :@ Ovce the great nation (het could ca ry Rosin and turpentine, 11,650 bbls Skips and furs, Rice, 12.737 tierces, Cotton, 6,495,721 Ibs. Tobucco, 36,517 bhds. ‘Tobscco, manufactured, Snuff, lhavea similar table respecting imports into the Uni- ted States from the Hanse Towns, lor the same year, with the eame comparative statemen’ t « Statement showing the mount of im Suppore Fngiand can | “Hanse Towns ints the United States: during the yeer ending 30th sept. 1841, distinguishing the smount brought in American and foreign vessels, respectively , (egether with the pumber, tonnage, and national che racter of aoid foreipn vessels, Torand pitch, 60 bbls ' 257,124 lbs. 44s Ibe} rts from the sapest would go, step by st. p, till presently #he wono- polized the ‘iia corrying trade ot the workt, Does not ‘Maeitoud 1 + Tonnage. Val. imptes. every onesee thar such aS'ae must toon become thy mus | els, 16 598 996 667 ter ol the swori!? O suppose thers w:retwo grat | Foreign vessel 9 35 481 9,161,377 na ions live Great Britain and tyeUnited Stet: foun, to be é — ebiccpes 6 “oteagemere, the cheapest curners, Ii ail the other mations should Total, 192 51,074 92.440,064 Rotio of foreign tonnage to American as 1-8 to 1,near- y Ratio of imports in foreign vessels to imports in Ameri- can vessels, a8 7} to 1, Deane. mT * Of the 99 foreign vessels. there were— No. agree upon the full commercial liberty ,and ps 1 to come and go without regard to the goods they had, these two great States would inevitably take the carrying trade of the world—take the shipping of the world, the mari time power of the world, and the government of the world—if they could agree among themselves. (Loud Tonnage. applaure) And back to that principle must we come at 298 last. We ought to give to every nation the right of Ps bringing her cargo here in her ships, if she gives to us Nesetviae ue the like privilege. But by these reciprogity treaties, to Hanseatic.” ait give for the carrying of ‘nation of Europe, like Bremen » w which has but one port, all the ports slong a coest of 1500 ar rat miles with 17 millions of people—when she has scarcely 200,000 of her own, pray what sort of reciprocity is this (Loud applause ) ‘Ic is very much like the story in Joe Miller, of the horse and the cock, who were walking to- gether. The cock thought to make a reciprocal agree ment with the horse—" PIL not tread en you,’? said he, “if you'ilnot tread on me.” (Laughter and ap; Now, gentivmen, L kuow that nothing is so dull as tics. ' But I wil! venture here in this city of Baltimore, and before a body of men as much interested in the matter as any other, to present in that repulsive form of stati ical figures, some of the results arrived at by me in the course of investigations instituted in pursuance of a resolutien of Congross. [The following are the resolutions referred to, which we think it proper to insert in this connexion] :— In the Senate of the United States, February lath, 1943, Resolved, ‘That the Comminie on Commerce be discharg- ed from the further consideration of a resolution referred tothem onthe 27th of December, 1842, directing them to “ inquire into the state of our tonnage, freights and com- merce with foreign powers, and report whether it is pros perous under the existing arrangements, by treaties or Jaws in relation thereto ; and also, whether the regula- tions by other governments, are equal and in conformity to the spirit of these arrangements ; and if either be not s0, what measures are proper to insure greater prosperity avd reciprocity ;” and thet the same be refer ed to the Secre- tary of ‘State, who is hereby directed to make the inquiries in said resolution mentioned, and re- port to the Senate, at the next Session ef Congress. Congress 01 the United States, in the House of Represen- March 8d, 1843 —Resolved, That the Secretary be, andhe to procure through Sons ular ant Government These tables show, that of the vessels entered {rom th Hanse Towns intothe United States, in 1841, 99 were foreign, ond only 63 American; and of the vessels ‘epart- ing !rom the United States to the Hanae towns, |37 were foreign, aud only 49 American. That the value of the merchandize exported from the United States to the Hanseatic cities, was $3,188,346 in foreign vessels, and only $1,372370 in American vessels ; and that of the amount in value of the imports into the United States, $2,151 377 was brought by foreign tonn: than $298,087 by American tonnage, being more thi seven to one against American igation. Nor is this all. The Hanseatic vessels have several very strong in- ducements to come to the United States. In the first ploce, they may bring hither any commodities, from any country, on the same terms 9s our own vessels. In the second place, they have (yas edventages in en- gaging for the transportation of the crowds of ts who leave Germany and Switzerland every year for the United State ing, sometimes, to fifteen thousend in asingle y alone. Making these pro- fitable voyeges out, they can afford to take return cargoes, toany port of Europe into whi h they may be admitted, at low rates of treights, They are therefore able to under bid our own vessels. I have it_on very good authority, that of the tobacco shipped from Baltimore ior some years past, s ‘4 thirty thousand hogsheads annually, seven- eight ave been exported in Bremen vessels; and your very respectable citizen, the Colleetor of this port, has, at my request, turnished ment of the exports of tobac. eo from this port tojthe Honse Towns, for 184] and 1842 :— Exronts or Tonacco from Beltimore to Bremen, and the other Hanse Towns, for the years 1841 and 1842, viz: Piomatic ages abroad, and such other means as to him may seem most | In 1341, 17,997 bhds. Val. $$79.641 suitasle, full and accurate intormation us te the whole: | In 1842, 19:703 817,831 vale and retail prices in foreign markets, during the year pad ibad pebsilsidy commencing on the first day of September last, of all Total shipped, 87,700 $1,727,472 comme ‘upon which duties are levied under existing | Of which, laws, as well as of such as are imported free of duty, with | Shipped in 1@41,in Am, vals, 2904 bhds. $139,606 the rates of insurance, freight and commissions usually Do 1849, do 2,460 106,882 charged at the places of export upon suid commodities pbs when imported into this country; the modes and terms of 6366 289,518 sale customary there; the average rates of exchange dur- | Sh’pd in 1841, in Brem, vals, 15 083 hhds. $746 965 ing each month in said year, and the true par ofexchange | Do 1842, do 17,243 740,009 between this and each foreign country; also as to the du- pe Peat sii ties of export and import, and as far as practicable 39.836 $1,487 954 the various internal taxes levied upon such com It is further to be considered, as I hi ready said, that modities either in a crude, partially manufactured or wholly complete state, ‘together with the rates of wages in the various branches and occupations of labor und of personal service in the business of commerce and trade: And it shall be his duty also toprocure from said Consuls and Diplomatic agents full and regular files of price current sheets for said year, at each of the most important foreign markets, and such other documents and publications as may exhibit truly the information called for in this resolution, which shall be transmitted to this House at the next session of Congress, and from which, together with the reports received from aid agents, and such other information as may be obtain he shall compile and have printed for the use of this Housea document embodying ail the information called for, arranged in such manner as to be most convenient for ference and comparison—exercising especial care in all instances to give said information in Federal currency, weights and measures. Let us take the history and present state of our trade with Bremen for an example. Bremen is one of the Han- seatic towns; and the United States had formerly a con- siderable trade with that city in American vessels. Bo- fore 1827, sixty to eighty such vessels arrived, and cleared, anuually. On the 20:h of December, 1927, a commercial conven- tion was entered into between the United States and the Hanseatic Republics of Lubec, Bremen oud Hamburg. The first article ci this convention is inthe following term! Convention of Fric betwoen the Uni Hanseatic Reput burg,concluded Hanseatic vessels can load any where, under the provi- sions of the treaty, abroad as well as at home; and the re- turns chow that one-fourth part of the Hanseatic tonnage which entered the United States, in 1841, came from other countries than their own—principally from South Amer- a, Mexico, and the Balt Bremen vessels, also, some- times take cargous from the Hanse towns to the Meditter- ranean, thence come tothe United States, with produce of that ‘region, and thenee home, or to avy part of the world. Now, these are adventeges peculiar to theircondi- tion to which these enterprieing people are fairly entitled, and of which no narrow or monopolizing policy should seek to deprive them. The main one is, the smaller cost at which they sail their vessel The customary ratesof seamen’s wages in Bremen vessels is stated not to exceed five dollars per month, while American seamen are paid from twelve to fifteen dollars. The mon'hly sailing ex- pensee of a Bremen ship is suppored not to exceed one- alfof the monthly expenres of on American sbip of the same tonnage. Certainly, to these fair sdvanteges over others, (if low wages are to be regarded as an advantege,) it does not become ls, out of an excess of liberality, to add others, We cannot buy cheap vessels in the Baltic and meke them American vessels. Our navigation laws forbid this. Why should we allow to citizens of other States, then, privileges which we deny to eurown? It may be added, that the whole population of Brem. nis hardly more then fity thousand—that most of the cap'tal of the city is em- ployed in navigation, axd that import duties are v ight, | believe only what may be regarded as a charge for warehousing. Our existing +tipulations with these cities are one-sided and partial in their operation. They onght notto con- nue. The power reserved in the treaty, of putting an end to it after tweive years from ite date, and on one e, ought, n my opinion, now to be exercised, as more than twelve years bave expired. The who subject will then be open for new negotiation, or for such Congress may see fit to adopt. It is not unlikely that these amell commercial republies will one day find their position in the German Customs Union; in which event they would be embraced in any commercial treaty which micht exist between the United States and the twenty eight or thirty millions of people comprised within thet Union. Tie loliowing statistics, corr iled from the annual statements of the commerce and pevigation of the United States, will how the rapid ‘ucrease of H :.seatic toupage im ovr ports:— S atement of the tonnage of Hanseatic vessels enered and cleared im ports vf the United tates, from 1890 to 1848, both Iship, Commerce, and Navigation, \ Siates of America und the Free of Lubeck, Bremen and Ham- / xhingtoa, December 20, 1827. fanticte 1. The contracting partes rgree,that whatever kind of produce, manufacture, or merchandize of any foreign country, can be, from time to time, lawfully imported into the U. States in their own vessels, may be also tuported in vessels of the said Free Hanseatic Republics of Lu- beck, Bremen snd Hamburg, aad that vo higher or other duties upon the tonnage or cargo of the veasel shall be levied or collected, whether the importation be made in vessels of the United States, or of either of the said Haseotic Republics, Avod, in like menoer, that what ever kind of produce, manufacture, or merchendiz~ of any foreign country, can be, from time to time, lawtully imported into either of the said Hanseatic Republics. in itsown vessels. may be also imported in vessels «f the United States ; and that no higher or other duties upon the tonnage or cargo of the vessel shall be levied or Collected. whether the impertation be made in vestels of Tonnage Entered. Tonnage Cleared. the one party, or of the other. Aud they further agree, 4 . 1 33 at that whatever may be lawfully exported, or re-exported, qd matin galas, 2. by one party in its own vessels, to any fervign country, $aii) eae See we may, in like manner, be exported or re-exported in the Se ge 24513 vessels of the other party. And the same bounties, . : . 29218 cil duties and drawbacks shall be allowed and collect tind, | 5 aK wh such expertation or re-exportetien by made ys 3 : Fis yf vessels of the one party, or of the ovher. Nor shail eae dattna™S Bien aor higher or otber charges of any kind be impos the ie Dis ee ane an ports of the oi or shall be, party on vessels of the other, thn are, ‘able in the same ports by national vessels. . . * . H. CLAY, Vv. RUMPFF. ‘The fourth article of the same cenvention provides that any vessel shall be regorded as a Hanseatic vessel which is owned by @ Hanaeatic eitizer, and of which the masterand three-fourths of the crew are also Hanseatic citizens, or subjects of the confederated States of Germa- ny. But the veesel may have been built anywhere, without injury to her national character. Citizens of these republics may buy vessels in Norway, Sweden, or elsewhere, wherever they can buy cheap It being the practice in the Treasary Reports to ex; the gmount of tonuace employed "ee of the, United Ame: on those of o her powers, mber and tonm nd cleared dari ited States de- tered, emi for hich conjecture to vai i goof privileges conferred to e: gage in the carrying ‘rade other than those wich 'y inl yea, 10 signatiug thr countries frm which they eu the; cleared; thus leaving it almost entirely 2 »scertarn to what exten: vere’: y treaties have been enabli ext, and euch vessels become at once Hanseatic vessels | ore recurate es imme of t = under this convention. Hou exn be obteined. | F om th exhibn This is a matter importance tosome of these ports | of the present rts ‘of the trade and oaviga ion of the Hense connection with the United States, bas beem com her and tonnege of Hanseatic ves- ) from. ports of the United #tares, nding Sei. 30, \1 detingurshing the coun which are not considerable ship building ports. The merchants of the place can buy their veesels alrendy built. The Government of the United States ogreed to this stipulation, al hough the cautions example ef En piled: Statement showing the peer Gguing che ye e glond was before it, aa by the English Convention with | ties from, and to whieh they respectively entered and the same Republic, two years belore, it was req ired that | cleared. vensel: should have been built in one of the republics, Entered from Humber. Tonnage. well as owned by its citizens, in order to be regarded 4 . * - H e2 Hanseatic versels. vd is . ° In consequence of our convention of 1627, the number Danish Weat Indies, =: Ps ; of American vessels entering the port 01 Bremen has v: Ditch West Indies, : : : ly fallen off; and in some years has been as low as twenty- | B ivium, rf z 1 five. ‘To show this failing off of our tonnage, end the | F: gland, : 2 increase of Bremen tonnage, it may be stated, that from | Mine Towns, : : % 1926 'o 1830, five-seventhsof the arrivals in Bremen trom | Rrance, ( Atlsntic,) : , the United States, were Americ: fand two | Sain, (Mediterranean) { sevenths Bremen; {rom 1831 to 182 enthe Ame- 1 rican, and four-reventba Bremen; and from 1836 to 1840, 1 one fiith American, and four fifths Bremen. . : I have a statement of the amount of exports from . : ’ the United States to the Hanse towns, in 1841, and . ; rf the national character of the vessels, transporting 1 such exports and their respective numbers and tonnage ° 1 Statement showing the amount of exports frem the Uni- par a ted States to the Hanse towns during the year 1811. : umber, distinguishing the amount exported im American and . ’ Foreign: vessels respectively, together with the num- . 4 ber, tonnage and national character of said foreign vessel. Value ot foreign merchandise exported in Ame- rican vessels, In foreign vessels, Tots. . - . vars from the foregoing statements that. the ton of sels entering ports of the United Ststes oe y Hanse owns, San ble thy of tounege entering from t Tue of importa from the saNd town Total, $450,061 Value of domestic exports in American vessels, $1 278. 400 In foreign vessels, 2 832.215 an eae ea in Hanseat'¢ vessels, was $4 110,665 | about six — ureter then fe tr oo of Teapores om. oe jean vessels; it the tonnage of q ’ une) Cate satu from the United Sta cv direct. {1 the Haave Total export in Ameri. wis, was nearly three times greater than that of Amerjcaa can vessels, 45 14123 $1,372 $70 | vessels clearing for the same ind thar the volte of ex: Foreign vessels, 137 46,147 8,188 346 | ports from the United States to the Hanre Towns in vessels of —_— be later pemets 3. doebts (oat ¢ CROe rears that of 44,578 ; F in vessels of the United Stat —_ 182 OAT) $4,000,716 J oe (Hinns etic) wnich @ the. United Ratie of foreign tonnage to American as 3} to 1 nearly. Ratio of exports in foreign vessels to American as 2} to I nearly. Of the 137 foreign vessels there were— wearly one-fourth part, entered from consents oth . {Of 47.117 (Hanseatic) cleare: Vata seat 0 ad ita cls orem nother thea that to which they belong He eee here stop, gentlemen, but there is another No. Tons. } “iteration, We are destined, 1 trust to 6 1,618 on ibe world the part of a great maritime 2 676 | vation. Webave no inferior game to play—ne subordé 6 1,659 | nate partto ect. It is no assumption to sey that, in what- Norwegian, 3 756 | over constitutes national power,national character,or ne- Danish, 1 153 | ‘ional hope, we are at the hé#d of the nations of this great Hanseatic, 120 41.359 | continent It is Do assumption to say, either, thet in what an —— | ever respects commerce and the seas, and the character Total, 137 46147 J exhibited upon Ls) i, bt — to oaba or sat , 4 _ ave rivals, it we admit no sv, M Statement of the pi incipal domestic exports from the glory ded wey . coment ie United States to the Houce Towns, during the year end: J Thunders of apy ee Prado, menition? How are ing 80th Septembe: 1841 Vatue. | wo to maintain our national respe buity, resting it ‘ "1 19,167 | always must on our national strength; in the eS whale andether 1,419,618 gall’. Maa'090 may Irige between the vigor ot ourowh arm and the vigor halebone, 605,912 23,046 of that (arm thet may de raised egainet ‘ Oak bark and other