The New York Herald Newspaper, April 7, 1842, Page 2

EW YORK HERALD. New York, Thursday, April 7, 1842, FOURTEEN DAYS LATER FROM CHINA. Fwo Imperial Commissioners Disgraced— Capture of War Junks—No change mm ‘eas—Decline in Cotton The ship Hannibal, Captain Scott, arrived yester- day afternoon’ from Canton, in ene hundred and eleven days passage. We have received the Canton Register and Can- ton Press, to the Lith of December. The Hannibal has brought home Mr. Alfred P Edwards, the supercargo, who, with a boat’s crew, ‘were seized, and most outrageously mal-treated by the Chinese. No attention had been paid to the interference of the American Consul in the matter, but it is the intention of Mr. Edwards to represent the who'e aflair to Congress. The Chinese continued to Sink stones and block up the river at Canton. They have also placed guas in the newly erected forts, and they are de- termiaged to stop the shipment of teas from Canton to Macea, and of cotton from Macao to Canton. Yakeen, an imperial commissioner, was killed in the attack on Chinhae. He has left immens wealth. Elepoo, the high Imperial Commissioner of Che- ikeang, has been disgraced by the Emperor. Tang ‘Tg Ching has also been disgraced. Lan being restored to favor, is hereafter to regu- late the yellow fever, and to keep it within its banks. Out—Arsenals Guarded— Special Messenger Aispaiched to Washington for Assistance— Bloodshed. We learn that a civil war has broken outin Rhode Island, and that special messengers passed through this city yesterday with despatches therefrom for the general government. If President Tyler does not hide the little state from the world fora week or two with the palm of his hand, its inhabitants may do some mischief. The State has been in the greatest excitement all this week about adopting a constitution. In Providence, what are called the legal people, the few, have placed a guard over the State arsenals, and the illegal people, the mass, a guard over the arsenals of the independent companies. All these companies are for the illegals, and have had their ranks filled up to a complement. The guard sta- tioned over the State arsenals being alarmed last Monday night by a noise, hailed three times, and then fired in the direction whence the noise pro- ceeded, and killed, not a human being, but a very fine milch cow. And this is the first bloodshed in this civil war- Immediately thereupon messen- gers were sent to Boston to procure 2000 stand of arms for the people, the Governor issued his procla- mation, and little Rhode Island isin a dreadful fer- ment and fever. It appears that all this great commotion began about two years ago, when the people of that state first formed suffrage associations. But little atten- tion was paid to them during the first year. On the 17th of April, 1841, however, about five thousand illegals met together on Jeflerson Plains, Provi- dence, had roast ox and other animals cooked Hong Kong, the new British settlement, began to umprove rapidly in building and business. Seven Chinese trading vessels had been seized by H. Majesty’s squadren in the Chinese waters, taken to Hongkong, and condemned as lawful prizes. We have heard nothing further of the reported capture of Hangchowfoo, the capital ef the province of Chekeang. Sir Henry Pottinger and Admiral Sir Wm. Parker were both at Chusan on the 23d November. No other news whatever had been received from the north. From Amoy no news of moment had been re- ceived. The reports from Canton are various: one is, that the Emperor had sent erders to “fight it out,” for that our demands are so unreasonable, that if he gives us a chair, we then wantabed. Another is, that Ke- shen and two other officers have been deputed to Ningpo, to treat with H M.'s plenipotentiary. . __[Fgom Cunton Presa, Dec. 4] ‘Trade is proceeding as usual in Canton, although upon unfayorable terms. By forcing sales of manu- facturee upon an unwilling market, their prices are even lower new than before, and cotton also shows a tendency to decline. Teas are about the same as last week, but it is observed that this year’s crop is generally of an inferior quality. Large quantities of green teas are now being prepared in Macao for the American market; a considerable portion of these sorts of teas, as indeed of many others, being now shipped from here instead of from Canto The scarcity of the circulating medium daily creases, and Sycee silver is at par, whilst Mexican dollars are of extremely difficult sale at 4 a5 per cent discount. We were, we learn, misinformed last week, when partially attributing the present scarcity of Pillar dollars to the shipment of the ran- som money of Canton, to Calcutta. The dollars then received were mostly kept here for the ure of the expedition ; and a considerable portion of them must have again been circulated. The chief reason for this sudden diminution of these dollars may pro- ‘bably be sought in the present troubled state of the country, when Spanish dollars, as generally more current than sycee, and, besides, easily concealed, are eagerly sought after in the provinces of Canton, Fokeen and Che-keang by the people. Another reason, which would however not act with quite 8o sudden efiect, is the nearly tetal cessation of supply of these sort of dollars, and their rapid destruction in the hands of the Chinese, from their habit of stamping them ; a measure resorted to by them, as bills of exchange are endorsed by us, holding those whose siamp is upon them, responsible for th jood- ness of the metal. 4 monet gS ae ale Nis a War Texas, We have received private accounts from Texas of an authentic shape, which throws a great deal of light on the warlike movements now taking place on the Colerado. From these statements, we have reason to be- lieve that the number of the Mexican troops is very much over-rated. According to the most probable computation, the invading army cannot exceed 5000 men, and may not be more than 3000. They are commanded by General Arista,whois a rival and en- emy of Santa Anna. From this circumstance it is be- lieved that (the invasion, as well as the proclama- tion of Arista, are intended more to operate against Santa Anna, in the Capital, than against Texas on the Colerado. Santa Anna “ headed off” Bustamen- te, by his fierce Texian hostilities—and now Arista seems likely to “head off’Santa Anna in the same way. But whatever be the exact forces of the Mexicans, or the real purposes of the invasion, there is no doubt but Texas will now invade Mexico, nor can she be stopped till she reaches the capital, and changes the form of government. Last year a pro- position was made to the President, that if Texas would authorise the use of her flag, an army of 15,000 men could be raised in the “tumultuous val- fey of the Mississippi,” who would invade Mexico on their own hook—and repeat the melo-drama of Certez on the largest scale, and with all the medern improvements. This proposition was then declined —but it will now be granted. ‘The Anglo-Saxon_race,’ from the United States, from Canada, from England, from every northern land, will crowd to Texas as the highway to the rich temples and specie mountains of Mexico. No- thing wil] stop the Revetvrion tx Connxecricut.—The whigs are terribly beaten in the elections in Connecticut. How could it be otherwise, after looking at their conduct in Congress? What will be the result in this city next week? Very likely ditto. The great body of sensible men that form the whig party, are diggusted with the leaders of both the great factions. Such mea will not go to the polls at all. They ask, “what's the difference between a locofoco and a whig government?” The one picks your pocket of six cents, and the other of half a dozen. The only difference is that which exists between tweedle-dum and tweedle-dee. That's all. Garrat Sronr ar rie Faanxiix.—Secor and Sul- livan, the great champions of the ring, intend to give aa exhibition of their science at the Franklin ‘Theatre next Monday. Mere tun—that’s all. Tce Prom Hair ax, N.S —A brig arrived yester- day with a full carge of capital ice from Halifax, to Soule & Whitney, Whitehall—price one half cent per pound—devilish deartoo. But we suppose there corner” in the ice market this year. Baroanwir—SumMen.— sterday was a beautful day, and the display of ladies in Broadway was mest brilliant and beautiful. There could not have been a less amount than a million of dollars worth ks, satins, jewellery, ‘and padding, promena- ding the “ sunny side” between the hours of ten and four o’elock. No appearance of hard time—no in- dication of bank curtailments. Moswat.—We hear that Signor De Begnis in. tends to proceed to Philadelpina, to give a series of Concerts in thatcity. He will be aceompanied by Sigaor L Martini, the Paganini on the accordian, @m instrument which he has brought to the most sin- gular state of perfection. We anticipate a brilliant and successful trip. Madile. Milizet will probably Join these artists. Tar Brawaws gave a brilliant concert ‘last ‘evening. Charles Braham has the materials of a great singer, but the greatest musical phenomenon other age - the elder Braham. He seems to pos je © elixer vite” of the Holy C vhic! Bulwer speaks of in Zanoni—the ay ak on immortal youth, with all its musical excellencies. ‘Miss Bre wae, on the piano torte, was quite brilliant. Doctor Lardner is very succeseful in Washington. whole, a loaf of brown bread weighing 700lbs, and hhds of hams, &c., for the purpose of upsetting the old constitution granted by Charles the Second. ‘This mass convention attracted the attention of the legals, then in power, but they refused to pay any regard to the petition ofthe illegals. ‘The latter then set about making a government for themselves and the whole people. They were determined to Meeting ofthe Home Leaguc at the Taber- nacle. The Home League Convention met again yester- day morning, at nine o'clock. There were 174 per- Sons present in the body of the house; 13 on the platform including the officers of the meeting, and 22 scattered around the gallery. The Secretary read the minutes of yesterday’s meeting. Mr. Daivxer, of New York,one of the committee on making rules for the government of the Conven- vention, reported a set of rules which were adopted. The Hon Haamow Denxy, of Pennsylvania,one of the committee on the business to be submitted to the Convention, reported a list of committees on various branches of trade and manufactures, &e. Mr. F.C. Treapwext, a locofoco, wanted the Committee on Currency to have power, and be in- structed to report the relative quantity of gold and silver in use and extant, in every part of the world. Another man said that he was epposed to that; we had enough gold and silver; plenty of it; more than we wanted; there was nolack of gold or of silver; what we wanted was, proper protection for labor. The motion did not prevail; but Treadwell’s name was added to the Committee on Currency. Mr. Dewy from the Committee on Resolutions reported the following :— 1- Resolved, That the depressed stateof the Agricul- tural, Monufacturing, aad Commercial interests of the whole country ealls loudly forthe interposition of the General Government, the only power which can consti- tutionally adopt and carry out measures,now absolutely necessary for the relief of the people. 2. Resolved, Thit the commercial arrangements and protective legislation of foreign governments, and the Strenuoas efforts by foreigners to obtain the control of the American market, imperatively demand that the shield of protection should be thrown ever the American laborer, no matter in what department of industry he may be occupied. 3. Resolved, That in the present embi tion ofthe national treasury and the fina of the States, prompt and efficient measures by Congress for the adequate protections of the industry of the coun- try, giving to it life, vigor, and renewed activity, will be among the best means of preserving the national credit, and restoring to a sound condition and proper level that ofthe United Stat articipate in the affairs of tae government for the futures called another mass convention at Newport, May 5, 1841, chartereda steam boat at an expense of $1200, to convey the people thereto, and about seven thousand republicans met together. They passed strong resolutions, declaring their future in- tentiona, and appointed a State Committee to draft a constitution. . The next public demonstration of the illegals was on the 5th of July, 1841, when 6000 or 800) assem- bled in Providence with music and banners, march- ed to Dexter training ground, and had an oration delivered by the Rev, Wm. $. Balch, now of this city. Other resolutions were then passed similar to those adopted at Newport, urging the State commit- tee to aula State convention at anearly day. The committee thereupon issued an order, requesting the inhabitants of every town to send delegates to Providence on a day specified. The said delegates were elected in every town in. the State, and the | on or the Government, are just, and ought not to be abandoned, but nothing in that act which tends to limit convention met. After a session of one week, it adjourned to meet again in a few weeks after- wards, when a Casall ate was peep oll to the people, and adopted by nearly 14, votes, or front 2000 o 8000 more than one-half of all the Ame- rican citizens over 21 years of age residing im the State. The convention again met, and declared the " said constitution to be the paramount law of the State, to take effect after the expiration of the pre- sent political year. i All this was, however, done without aay law, but | on the sovereign right of the people, to establish at republican form of goverament, in place ofan aris- tocracy, which held: the reins of power under the charter, granted by Charles the Second, long before the revolution, which excluded two thirds of the American citizens of the State from participating in the aflairs of the State. r In the, meantime the legal people feeling their power slip out of their hands, set to work and made a constitution, which they called the only legal one. This was sent to the people to he voted for, and the result was a defeat, by a majority of nearly 700 votes, How these constitutional troubles will ead,no one can tell. And what will become of little Rhode Island God only knows. Lord Ashburton in Washington, [Correspondence of the Herald.] Wasutxcron, Monday, April 4, 1842. Lord Ashburton arrived here this evening in the cars from Annapolis. He is accompanied by three Secretaries, Mr. Mildmay, Mr- Bruce and Mr. —, with five servants, which comprise all his retinue. His Lordship immediately drove to his quarters prepared for him at the elegant house of St. Clair Clark, in President’s Square, where (not the British Minister) but a very fine dinner, was in waiting for him. His Lordship has a pale appearance, and an active step, nearly six foot in height, good coun- tenance, and looks the English gentleman; at his present’ age, over sixty-five, he is a much better looking man than Lord Morpeth. On to-morrow,he will call on Mr. Fox (this being the etequette be- tween Minister and Ambassador.) Mr. Fox will present him to the Secretary of State, who will, on a day appointed, introduce him to the President. There are some rumors about Mr. Fox; the pre- sent Minister, being suspended; this is doubtful at present. Mr. Lewtson, who has arrived, is to take the place of Mr. Hudson, present Secretary of Lega. tion to the British Embassy. Lord Ashburton’s visit, willbe a very short one, or a very long one; he will most probably be detain- ed here nearly twelve months. I shall endeavor to keep you daily apprised of all the interesting movements of this Embassy, which necessarily will be of an important character. Miss CLARENDON, ANOTHER EVENING.—This young artiste gives another exhibition of her chaste and classical Readings and Recitations, in the room of the Society Library, on Friday evening. Of the elegance and purity of her style and manner, we hear the highest opinions. She follows in the wake of the eloquent Mrs. Mowatt, but with more expe- rience in theatrical action and utterance. Young ladies should visit Miss Clarendon’s exhibition to catch an idea of classical reading, and young gen- tlemen to be taught how to recite by a very pretty and youthful artiste. Goon —Washington Irving has declined a public dinner, before his departure to Spain. He sails to- day. Too Fast.—The Rev. Mr. Kirk is preaching from six to fourteen sermons per week in Boston. If he goes ahead at this rate he will burst his boiler to acertainty. Take itmoderately, and you willdo most good. Corrine vr.—The former husband of Mrs. Han- nah Kinney, who was tried for poisoning her hus- band and acquitted, is coming out witha history of the lady. Ner so.—Major Norton is lecturing for Texas in Boston. Better go and fight for Texas. Sm act Pox —This disease prevails to a great ex- tent in Philadelphia. The Banks are aflected with it too. Wuire-wasnixe.— The Philadelphia State House is getting a coat of white-wash. Why not give a brush or two of white-wash to their banks and courts. Fienrixe-cocks.—A vessel is up at Philadelphia, taking in a cargo of “fighting cocks” for Texas, at $10 per head, passage money. Several fat chickens are going. Trnourse: Mixstaess.—These popular Minstrels will give a concert to. night at the Society Library Room. Tue Grasp Jury, we understand, have dismissed the charge of false pretence, brought by Eden S. Webster against Charles Wilson, of Brooklyn. It is generally understood by persons knowing both parties, that the charge originated in error. CHATHAM Tweatne.—Th ~ . - e joint attr Jem Crow, and the splendid “new meneiam of “ Shoemaker of Toulouse,” is a ma, re with unequalled effect at this popular ears The new play is decidedly one of the best of its class that has been prodaced this season. The stern fan: aticisin of the Shoemaker, aroused by the unequal administration of justice, which leads him to con. the encouragement of American commerce on honest and fair principles, should be considered as deserving a | | should be entitled to immediate reprobation. judicious, bute general bonding system giving similar advantages to impor would be an evasion of the Cash duty system and an in- friends of American Industry throughout the States, the more effectually to encourage and protect Ho! and families and communities, should pleige themselves to the consumption and wear, American Goods, and the products of their own soil. dor and skill, in preference to these of foreign impo tion, especially of those countries which refuse us reci: procal commercial relations. ceedings of the 4. Resolved, That based as our Government is op the intelligence of the whole community, the permanence of our free institutions imperiously demands that the labor ofthe country be constantly, steadily, and efficieatly protected—that our laboring classes, on whom the chief respeusibility of maintaining them Fests, may not be re- duced to the degraded and starving condition of the la- boring classes throughout the rest of the world. 5. Resolved, That the present condition of our foreign commerce,more than half of which is in the hands of foreigners, whose interest it is to take advantage of the revenue as far as they can without detection, requires hould be framed as will protect and our merchants from unfair and dishonest competition. To accomplish which object specific duties wherever practicable offer the surest |, That the principles of the Compromise Act, which enjoin the collection of the revenues in cash by such as are sufficient foran economical administra- ample ‘protection to our domestic industry, or prevent moment’s discussion in Congress, but, on the contrary, | } 7. Resolved, That a warehousing system for the bond ing of Geois on American Account exclusively may be ters of goods on foreign account | ( jury to American Commerce and Home Industry. {Referred to Committee on Commerce.} 8. Resolved, That it is hereby recommended to the oducts ic Manufactures that individuals well as far as practicabl A good deal of desultory conversation took place about introducing a resolutioa, that protection to Home Industry should be provided for by laws of Congress, rather than by treaty stipulations. Avan G. Srewart, the celebrated abolitionist, who took a very praniaest part in the whole pro- onvention, objected to this. Here one man said that he could hear nothing— could make out nothing that the Home Leauge was doing. He wished to be instructed. Mr. Croravs moved to lay it on the table. Mr. Ssaevaon wished it to be taken up after the other resolutions were passed upon. Mr. Smaw said, that they were in danger of get- ting into a good deal of irregularity. He moved the resolution be referred to the Committee on Busi- nese. ‘This was done. Some gentleman ssid that he hoped no allusion would be made at the outset of the Convention to the noble and commercial Lord who had just ar- rived. It would be indelicate. ‘The Cuavaman said, that if the Convention did not take care, they would be found following the sorry track of the present Congress. and doing as little. (Laughter) He wished to keep them all straight. Professor Mares then called up the first resolu- tion of the Gommittee on business. Mr. Saw moved to refer the report of the Com- mittee on Business back to that committee, and that then the meeting adjourn. The resolutions were conclusions ; and we ought not to jump to the end, before we had digested other matters. Atvax G. Srewarr said, they had come here and set themselves up as echoolmasters for Con- grees; the resolution should not prevail; the Conyention would all be scattered to the four winds of Heaven in three or four days. If they were to be told that there was no business for them to do till the several committees had fish- ed up the ‘information necessary, they would go home, and this body wou!d become a mass of statis. tics. He hoped that while the committees were getting the information, many gentlemen would ad- dress the meeting and give their views on many cub- jects of great interest tothe community. One good, well turned pithy speech would do more than all the elaborate reporis of all the committees; five hun- dred persons would have been here but they couldn’t raise $25 to get here. i Mr. Biuxr moved that the committees now have leave to retire and commence their business in- stanter. The motion of Mr. Marrs to take up the firat re- solution was lost. The resolution was laid on the table. Mr. Mares wished to “8 some valuable informa- tion before the convention before the committees re- tired, which could come before them in no other way; he would now state that information if it was in order. Mr. Buvnr’s resolution was modified so that the committee should have leave to withdraw at their diserction, and in the mean time any discussion could oon. p One man said that ay members of the conven- tion intended to leave for home this afternoon; they had much information to give, and he should like to hear them for two hours. ‘ Another man said that the committees wanted a good deal of light, and how could they get it if they went away to their rooms while men were speaking. Mr. Br.unt's resolution as modified was carried. ‘The arrival of a delegation from Ohio, was then announced. ty Several names were then added to the committees. Mr. Mares called up the first resolution. Mr. Mares said that he had prepared a few memo- randumsto lay before the Convention ; but that as he was unaccustomed to address assemblies of this kind, he must be excused if his facts exhibited a want of proper arrangement. There were many members from the country present who were not acquainted with the history of the advancement of the Home League; and of the details of the mea- sures embraced in the proposed tarifi. All agree in this that there must be relief ; and that that relief could only be secured through a tariff. There were anumber of theories as to the kind of tariff neees- sary, andthe manner cf imposing it. The princi- pal one is this, that the duties should be levied for the purposes of revenueand revenue only. This is the strong language of our opponents, and man: manufacturers think that the amount of duties ne sary for the revenue of the government, if levied di criminatiogly, would fiers thems ample protection. Others want a kind of tariff laid horizontally—the same duties to be levied on all articles. Now, we willsee how this would act. We will suppose the importa of the country to be $100,000,000. A hori- zontal duty of twenty per cent would produce a revenue of $20,000,000, If this was to go inte ef. feet, it would protect all those articles which now pay five per cent, and none of them would be imported. This would reduce the | imports down to $80,000,000; and to meet the wants of the government, you would have to put ona daty of 26 or23 per cent. This would protect all those articles, that now pay 10 per cent, and all of them would be made at home. This would reduce the imports to $60,000,000; and toget a revenue you would have to levy a duty of 30 to 35 per cent. This would protect all those articles that now pay 20to 25 per cent, and none of them would be imported, andthe imports would be less than $50,000,000 ; and so on all through the scale, until we should be able to raise our own tea in bow stitute himself the avenger of wrongs, is wrough: with admirable interest. The vivacit i he charming manageress as the “' pretty Margaret,” gives an agreeable variety to the piece, which should be seen by all. 261,000,000 pounds duction. effect not a pound of paper would be made in this country, where it isnow made tothe amount of the raw material of ne. $5,000,000. This five millions of dollars werth of tags are collected by various poor people, who. only polices them because they can them. buy them; this would take away the habit of saving rags now s0 common in every fami- rags alone $5,000,000 would actually be lost to the country every r gentlenen, it’s as plain as the nose on your face. (Laughter and‘applause. ings. decent sized cannon im any wa) and beans in was the greatest feat that could be ac- complished. (Roars of Now we can cast any thing, from a brad to the big- gest piece of machinery everseen. And: Merrick & protection afforded to the iron trade. can make iron superior to any nation in the world. The protection has caused it to be extensively manv- article imported, to. make discriminating duties for the purposes of revenue. First, ascertain what amount is necessary for revenue; then ascertain the amount of imports; and then it would be easy to ascertain the amount neces- sary for protection. We have, say, a population of 17,000,000. The amount necessary for the expenses of government is $22, 3, 4, 5,6, or $27,000,000, ac: cording to the quarrels and rows in Congress. The amount of manufaetured articles in this coun- $1,795,000,000 Now, suppose it is re- d for the purposes of protection to increase that revenue to the amount ef $5,000,000, that would not be a 50th of ona per cent on the total amount manu factured. (Loud applause.) Agai», it is very easy to show that all consumers, instead of being losers, would be gainers by a tariff which properly pro- tected the home interests of the country. We'll just take the article of iron for an example. Least year, Pennsylvania produced iron to the value of $22,000,- 000. This is equal to the whole amount of revenue necessary for the expenses of the goverament of the United States. A very slight difference in the amount of duty would serve to pretect this great interest, and ccntinue that trade in operation; whilst a hori- zontal duty would shut out all this advantage to the country, and give a decrease in yearly profit of $22,000,000} to the State of Pennsylvania alone. (Tremendous applause ) I’ve heard a great deal about free trade, but I never yet found two persons agree as to what it meant. Now, once upon atime, the merchants of Salem gota free trade notion into their heads; they petitioned Congress against the protection of eviton goods; they said they had ten vezsels, and each took out nearly $200,000 in specie to India, and brought home Indian muslins for it. And this they calied a great interest, Congress didn’t think so, and didn’t listen to them. They put & protection on cotton goods. And now look at Sa- lem under this system. With $200,000in specie you can build a factory, and make three cargoes of cot- ton goods. Thesefsre taken out to India, and there sold, returning to this country its value, either in specie or its equivalent; instead of parting with ten times $200,000 of the precious metals in the course of a year; and this from a single port only. (Enthusiastic cheering.) Wecan prove by many articles that it is an advantage to the consumer to have a protective tariff. A few years ago the arti- ele called ten-penny nails cost 10 cents a pound; a protective duty wae put on just sufficient to enable them to turn the corner, this frre nise to. manufac- tures of the article, and now by competition, indus- try, and the benefits derived from experience, they can be sold for five cents—(Loud applause)—the protective duty made the English article a little dearer than ours; thiseneouraged our manufactur- ers, and they went on improving until they are sold 44 cents below the former English price. (Great cheering.) Again, take the article of paper; this has been reduced one half in price by the eompeti- tion arising out of a supposed guarantee protection For the making of Paper in this country unless than rags are used. Of this raw material, 150,000,000 of pounds are domestic pro- If the non-diseriminating duties yo into $5,641,495 annually. Now thet 150,000 peunds of home. production are worth find a market for With a horizontal duty, no one would ly because then they would be deemed no longer valuable; and thue in this single article of year. (Tremendous applause.) Why, Again, look at irom cast war, We couldn’t cast a art of this country, no sized pot to boil pork Previous to the you could fix it. A good laughter and applause.) ‘own has but lately cast the bed plates of one of our largest steams ships, weighing thirty-four tons; Cheers.) And, all this has been produced by the And we now factured, and this experience has made us excel, un- til our iron will bring one third more than other iron in the foreign or home market; (Loud eeeay In England it is necessary in_ building a large boiler to build a frame of wrought iron, like the beams of a house, to which the boiler plates are attached ; and if there is a turn in the boiler nae they can’t bend their iron as we Can ours; but they have to make an Lin the frame; to which the two edges of the boiler plate are attached; whereas we can bend ours with- out its cracking im the least; (Cheers) All these matters, then, are sufficient reasons why this coun- try | ould pe tect her iron trad Know many will say that thie is true of chai iron, but net of anthracite iron. But the chemical constituents of thracite, (nearly pure carbon,) are such that when itis used at its greatest maximum effect the results will be the same. (Cheers.) And therefore our iron manufacturersshould not give up the hope of success, because they have not been able to obtain it by a previous experience. (Cheers.) And now, we come to another important branch to be affected by a horizental tariff. This ia the agricultural in- terests. We raise annually $1,252,000,000 of agri- cultural products. And notwithstanding this im- mense amount not much more than about $10,000- 000 are the total agricultural exports of the country other than cotton and tobacco. We export scarcely four per cent of these products and these to six ports alone; the Danish West Indies, the Dutch West Indies, Cuba, Brazil, the Phillippine Islands, and other Spanish Islands. Of these are the following sums in detail :— Cotton, Rice and Tobacco, amounted to, ++ $1,914 188 Flour, grain, and’ bread stuffs...... 2,191,644 Beef, Pork, Tallow, Butter and Cheese. . . 989,787 Live animals, Horses Mules and Sheep. . 23.717 Timber, Lumber, Naval Stores, Potatoes and Apples...... ind Ashes, 1,204,978 38,874 $6 363,138 Tallow Candles, and Soap. .. $245,347 Manufacturers of Cotton..... 807/348 Products of the fisheries. Manufactured and other 1,974,193 $9,390,026 All this is shipped to six ports alone. Now, if the horizontal tarifi was to go into eflect next June, the icultural products which we now send to these islands,would nolonger,be exported by us. The trade would go into the hands of the Bi For it ishhot necessary for the people of these six forts to take any of these goods from us; but as we bring back the products of their countries, sugar, &c., in ex- change tor ours, they trade with us in return, be- cause we are their customers, and our market is convenient for them. But with a horizontal duty in force, England would take away those mar- kets from us, and leave us only markets for rt of owr cotton and tobacco. (Loud applause.) We have seen that the amount of duty received by government was only two or three millions more than they require for their expenses, under a state of things that wasa full protection before the com- ‘omise act had lessened the duties. And, there- fore, it would only be necessary to tax the people to the amount of $2,000,000, 1n order to preserve to the country the profit on $1,70),000,000 (Loud ap plause) Now the white population engaged in ma- nufactures is 1 Lith of the whole; so we should be legislating to tax the remaining 3 4ths with but $2,000,000 for the general good of the whole coun. try. (Cheers) The Secretary of the Trezsury states that we employ in the transportation of our agricul- tural products to these six ports 13,056 men, 319 boys, 1757 veesels, amounting to 282,639 tons. Here is then 1-5th of our whole maritime force engaged in taking out our products, and bringing us back wealthin return. And the amount paid for our pro- ducts by these foreigners is equal to the entire reve- nue of the United Srates’ government. And this income is derived from our timber, which costs us nothing as a forest production, (employed in ship- building) and in freight, and agricultural industry exported under the oy hed the United States. (tremendous Cheers) Now, a few words in re- gard to the feelings of the south in this matter. It has been said by Mr. Calhoun and others, thatthe south as consumers paid the protective duty which went to the support of the northern manufacturer. Here we have 17,009,000 of people. Now the South, I suppose,fmeans the six cotion- growing States. They have 1,981,000 whites, 1,408,000 slaves, 45,000 free blacks. We'll take the article of paper. Does the South pay un tee duty on paper? We'll see! 150,000,000 Ibs. of the raw miterial are domestic rags; this is made up principally of the waste cot- ten, rope ends, bale baggingends, and the Osnaburgh clothes worn out by the negroes. The Benne gives the negro two suits of clothesa year; one is Osna- burgh,the other is woollen. The Osnaburghs being perquisites are saved with a good deal of care by the nigger—until at last they fall into the hands of some tmercantile nigger, who re-transfers them to the old jank dealer, (Roars of laughter.) They are done up in, bales, and arrive in this market regularly, and frequently with the bottoms on by which they can be identified. (Great laughter ) Thus by tar the largest ed of the domestic raw mate- rial for paper is furnished by the South. And thus they receive a very large proportion of the protec tion as being producers, of the principal part of the raw material. (Cheers.) Now let us see how the: pots, andon the tops of stoves. (Tremendous ap- plause and roars of laughter) In short, there is fo horizontal per centum duty, that can be put on \mports, that would $20,000,000. (Applause ) It would be very easy, having the value of every stand about being consumers. suppose they won‘t argue that their negroes waste much ir in read ing and writing, and if they use it at@#l, they must use it in some other way. (Roars of laughter.) Their whole white population is less than 2,000,000, sent to Washington must be strictly staustical. It hands of members of Congress, unless when they applause.) If papers-contain no figures, they never put them on file; andiunless they occupy aplace on their files, they occupy no place in their report.— Mr. Mapes then sat down amid loud and repeated applause. ) thing important occurred till the hour of adjourn: meant. cil met in Joint Ballotlast evening. A communication was received from Robert C. Montgometry, resigning his office as lime inspector, and Moran Dugan was pointed in his place. omple and resolution, which was adopted unanimously, with the exception of the part authorising the publica. tion, which received two negative votes :— venue, hes absconded.and embezzled larga sums of mo- ney bel jonging to the Corporation, amounting as far as has yet been table, which was carried b: edvity W re. A number of resignations were received from. ns who int aspecters of Elections in various eir places filled by cthers. and if they use a fair quota of paper they only con- sume one-seventh of the whole that is manufac- tured ; and as they are not so guilty of the crime of reading and writing to the extent that we are here in the north, the proportion is even less than that ; whilst they receive a protection on fourth-fifths of the raw material, [loud cheers] and only pay @ pro- tective duty of one-seventh of the resulting manu- facturing article. So much then for paper, its necessary evils reading and writng. (Laughter and cheers) Now let us take the article of sugar. ‘There are 120,000,000 pounds of raw sugar produced in the six cotton stater; and only 63,000,000 pounds imported from other than that used by re- finers. 1n these six states only 24,000,000 Ibs. of su- ar are consumed. And the protective duty on su- gar, therefore, acts as @ protection to these six states, they being the only producers of the article ; and the ratio in their favor is as 184 is to Ll, in the protective scale «f duty. (Applause.) Then there is the article of glass—flint glass. is i made of silex and oxide of lead; one third is lead. Well, lead pays a duty of five per cent, and flint glass pays forty percent; the horizontal tariff would putlead upto 20 and gla:s down to20, and 20 not a faced of glass would then be made in the country. Indeed, in anticipation of this horiaontal daty going into operation in June, every glass house in the country has shut up shop. (Laughter. Then there is brushes ; they formerly paid a large duty ; brietles were free ; the horizontal tariff is to put bristles up to twenty and brushes down to twenty ; and ao not a brush will be made in the Uni ed States—alt will be imported. (Applause.) A word or two about the Home Valuation as it is called. Suppose in a time of great commercial distresa—like a month since—two cargoes were to arrive inthis country ; one at New York—one at Philadelphia. The ex- change against Philadelphia being six per cent, the fom" are sold accordingly ; the importer here weuld: ave {0 Fay a duty on $100, whilst the importer in Philadelphia would pay a duty on $106. Thig would be unfair. And whenever a great prostration took place in commercial affairs, every importer would say, now is the time to import ; the price is low, conseanenily the duty is low; it can’t go lower, and | must profit by a rise, whereas i/ an article ry scarce, and is really wanted, and consequently the price is very high, he would not import then, because in case of a fall, others would pay less duty on the same article, and he would:have to sell a rifice to compete wi'h them = and this: would cause overtrading to the greatest extent in what we did not want, and continued scarcity in whet was necessary. A word or two in cenchusion in relation to the documents, you may deem it ne- cessary tosend on to Congress. All papers to be is all very pretty to give the public 4 mass cf words finely strung together, and nicely rounded in the periods, but they have no weight in Washiagton.— Amid the multiplicity. of documents that reach the en a paper, they find figures init, the! stag, ut if when they Sen it, the} then they off coat, and go at it. ne throw it ind figures, aughter and Several others addressed the Convention,. but no- City; Intelligence, Josnt Bartor.—The members of the Common Coun- P Alderman Benson{then introduced the following pre- Wnueneas—ThomasLloyd, Collecter of the City Re- iscovered, to upwards of thirty thousand refore, Be it {Resolved, That the said Thomas Lloyd is hereby removed from said office of Collector of the City Revenue, and that, the clerk cause the above preamble and this resolution to be published in all. the papers employed by the Corporation. Iderman Benson then nominated; Dow D. William. son Collector of City Revenue in place of Thomas Lloyd, removed. ‘Aldsrmen Inswes moved to lay the nomination on the ie 19, nays 9, jontiler were then appoint. ‘Wn. N. Smith and Harol ou A Rocxinc Cuaim.—About three months since, n named Eugene Martin stole a mahogany rocking $10 from Eliphalet Stratton, 326 Bowery, and sold itto a second hand dealer in Chathem<quare- He wus caught and caged a ereeeet: Cattco Tuiry.—A woman named Ellen Turner, one of the shop lifting tribe, was caught yesterday in the act of stealing eight yards of calico frora the store of Henry B. Mergan, No. 902 Bowery, and deposited in the Tombs below for safe keeping Tue Grose Hore THtes Cavont.—During the month of January, 1841, the Globe Hotel, kept by Mr. Blan- card, robbed of silver plate, sheets, towels, &c. valued about $144 No trace ofthe persons who committed the larceny was evident until within o few days, when Mr. B. was induced to believe that a ser- vant named Mi Ana Frye, who had resided on the ipwards of two years, was the guilty one, and ta man named James Stone, known as an old estab- lished “fence” heepor, whose pit is at 90 Mester street, wasthe receiver of alarge portion of the stolen pro- rty. His premises were then searched by officer Hil- Tikes, where a number of silvor spoons, table linen, &>. were found with Mr. Blanchard’s name marked thereon. The dishonest servant was sent to prison and Stone held to bail in the sum of $500 to appear and answer the charge of being a receiver of stolen goods. Among other icles found on the premises occupied by Stone, were a ladies gold watch and ard chain, and aes detached lever gold watch, with thirteen ALE. Seaan Tuixves.—The segar factory of Mr. Appleby, in Middlesex county, N. J., robbed on the Sth inst. of 23,000 se , Valned at $3 er 1000. Mr. A., who resides in this city at 261 Nine- [aed street, while passing a store 111 Ridge street, per- ceived some of the packing boxes in which the had been‘placed while at his factory, and an investigation led te the arrest and commitment of two j eymen who had been in his employ bamed Abi and George Sheridan. There is little doubt they are the persons who stole the property. JeweiLeny Titeves—No less than four persons were arrested yesterday for stealing jewellery in various parts ofthe city. The rst was Betsey McQuade, who was a servant in the family of John C. Ahera, and who was committed for stealing a poirof gold ear rings, a gold ring, two gold breast pins valued at $15, anda Spanish anda Mexican dol! The next was n Connor, who, with three others, robbed a pe named Asher Smith, of 19 gold i d a breast pin, while he was in @ porter house at @ Bowery. He was arrested and committed, but the other three escaped. Then came John Hall, who three rings, some muslin and from Agusta P. Miller, of 88 Mo charged him with the larceny he knecked her down and runaway, but was finally eaught and lecked up. Soon after followed a man named John Todd, who was charged with stealing a silver watch valued at $4 from John R. Sedgley, of the ship Anna Liffey. He wes seen totake the watch and was therefore committed. Nicety Done Ur —Th i large sale of furni- ture at auction yestes uietly wended their way to t! ise! that their presence might be deslrable. Bet the house, they discovered George Broach, alias Frenc! Dolph, with his “ pal” Pete Sherwood in search of prey. These rogues darted into the house,and in lees than five minutes darted, out again, when Osborn stopped Dolph with a polite reque: ke a walk with him round the ‘mai imilar proposition to Pete. corner, and Steveni Dolph put himselfon his dignity, which ed by a few intelligible words, and o1 scoundrels; Pete dropped a pocket book that the cured in the short space of time they had in the house. The pocket book contained asmall amount af money in bank notes, and some valuable papers. After depositing the scoundrels in the Tomhs they returned te the auction sale and ascertained that the pocket book wasthe property of Stewart Molan, Esq., and that it had been taken from his pocket but ashort ttme previous.— They were fully committed. Court Calendar this Day. Surerion Covnt.—No3. 14, 17, 18, 19, 22, 24, 25, 26, 25, 29, 30, 34, 36, 38, 2, Cixcurt Count.—Nos. 18, 125, 126, 134, 136, 151, 153, 154, 156, 157, 153, 160, 161, 163, 164, 165, 167, 168, 16, 141, 79, 92, 137, 152, 169, 170, 171. Court oF Common Puxas.—Part L—Nos. 47, 29, 59, 75, 19, 65, 69, 77, 29, 61, 67, 93, 95, 97, 3, 41. Part 2, at 4 o'’clock.—Nos. 152, 183, 12, 40, 66, 194, 176, 8, 44, 295, 126, 182, 184, 32, 62, 90, 112, 24, 50, 80,108 122,160, 164, 168. «We perceive, by , that the enterpris- have extended their e seems to be no limit and its utility and knowledged. Hupsow Bay Comraxy.—The voyageurs and canoes of the Hudson’s Bay Company will be dis- patched from Lachine to the interior, soon after th ig of the navigation ; and we are re- qui ‘0 recommend to those having letters to go by. con’ ce, to send them to the Company's Office at Lachine, not later than Friday the 15h of April. Races oven tae Merainie Covnse, New On- Leaxs.—The sweepstakes, 2 mile heats, for the St. Charles’ plate, a splendid silver tea serviee, Presented by Mudge & Wairiss, was won by Earl of Mayeau, in two heats, Jocity, Chateau Lafitte, Sleepy Sohn, ‘Aduelle nd Dean Swift. Velocity was the favorite a the field. Tim tigen) The regula of two mile heat: was won 7 Creath, beating Mary Welton, BS ubre: a y, an r. ‘orter’s Nau! Te aginst the heats of 3.41—3.41, Creath the fayori field. thivtoan fast in a went back, the; at Lewistown high. Ari dec Carty end Alfred Phillips. ‘The objections to rent McCarty ho..ever being withdrawa, lecree. quiring Robt. Chapman to schedule. It was opposed it had been e: i tion is still undecided. Mr. Lyell’s Lecture on the Rewession of the Falls of Niagara, Mr. Lyell’s lecture last night, contained very few facts, and may be dispased of ima brief notice. He said the geological antiquarian had to come to the New World to get an aceurate knowledge of the oldest rocks. The pyramids were a thing of yesterday compared to the Niagara limestone.— Even the granite has been formed since that rock, whieh is the oldest in the erust of the earth. The most striking feature in the Niagara Tegion is the escarpment of the inland cliffs; one at Queenstown and one at Black Rock. These are found in all countries, and have been ancient sea cliffs, The Black Toek cliff once reached to Grand Island, but was worn away by the action of the sea; after this the cliff at Queenstown was heaved up from beneath the sea; they were denud- ed by the waves beating againnt them aud washed - bacls to where they now are. The Ridge Road is a sand bank that wae once the outer border of Lake Ontario: But the Blaek Rock eseapement has no relation to Lake Onterio; it extends to the Hudson, and its features are not local to this part of NorthAmerica. All these rocks, the Bleek rock and Niagara limestone, weve formed under the sea. - Taregard to the recession of Niagara, Mr. Lyell! said, that the river had certainly cut its way back from the whirlpool,. three miles below where the falls now are, and that the whole Lody of water once fell over the rocks at the whirlpool. He spoke of the oe of the falla; acrescent, and the Morse-Shoe getting straight. The reeession now fis @ foot in a year ; and therefore it had takea 15,000 years for the falls to go baek from the whirlpool to: their present position. In 1675 Fatiter Hennipen saw them Ss and there wes then a third fall of cascadeon the Canade side, which fell across the Horse Shoe Fall from west to east. In 1750, Karl,a Dane, saw therm and all this: was gone; but in his letter in theGent. Mag. for 1751, he says there had beena thirdifull, but the rocks had all tumbled down. One great argument that the falls were miles farther. down is that on the top of the limestone at the falls on Goat Island, and on eash shore there ia a fresh water formation twenty-five feet thick 5 it contains shells, muecles with the valvee united, that have been quietly deposited in still water. Three spe- cies-of the melania, one ef the limnia, one of the planorbis, and one of the valvata are found buried in this deposite ; and all these speciesare found now living in the still water near Grand Island. Halfa mile below the falls we also found these shells in the soil above the limestone. have been so far below this. spot, as to place it out of the reach of rapids, and to. make the waters in which this deposite was made, as still and calm as they now are at Grand Island, And if they have cut their way up 3 miles from the whirlpool in 15,009. years, why net have receded 7:miles in 35,000 years. Though when the falls were ar Lewistown, there were severa} falls, as is now seen at Rochester in the Genetee Falls; one fall over the hard quartz ore sand at the bottom; one over the hard protean group; one over the Jime stone. A mastodon’s tooth was found twelve feet dowm in the freshwater de- posit opposite the falls; this mastodom tooth was there when the falls were at the whirlpool, and twelve feet of mud and sand were afterwards de- Posited on it by the river. This will give us an im- mense number of years, ia whieh to effect the re. cession of the falls. reat chonges still going on in the 6! ape the American fall was-getting to be like So that the falls must Mr. Lyext coneluded by saying, that the reunion in the eliffnear Lockport, was merely one ‘of those bays where the seabroke farther into the land. He also said that perhaps in the couree of the next 10,000 years, the falls would recede two miles more, and+that then they would be only eighty feet’ high, and fall over a solid mass-of limestone, and would take an immense pee reges, to get back te Lake ¥ e dip of the beds was » and drain that. 'y-five feet ima mile; and the slope of the river ieaiep eoaias every re to fel were ic go feet District Co of the United States, Before Judge Bet! 6.—Severel petitions in bankrupte: Objections were offered to those of to in Q. Me. ff Assignee moved for an order re- , over $60 mentioned in his 'y Mr. Nash, who stated that in costs of petition, &c. The mo- The General U. 8. Cireult Court, Before Judges Thompson and Betts. Decisions. Aprnit 6.—Joseph Swift vs. Geo. W. Tyson—Ordered, that the verdict for defendant be set aside, anda new tri- al granted, costs to abide the event. The United States vs. The schr Catharine, §c.—Clerk’s report inthe matter confit irk White Oak ads, Ivaac Percival, appellant. — Ordered that a summary judgment be entered aguinst the stipula- tors for costs. i Bark Henry Hood et Gideon Bowlend «nd another.—Or- 3 ata summary judgment be entered against the atipulators for the emount of their stipulations’ ‘he Grand Jury came into court with bills against the following perso mas Blundon, for confining the master; Alex. mn, assault with a dangerous wea} ; John Cameron, a similar offence; Joseph Christie, Jona Peter, Robt. Johnson, John Coakley, James Lynch, Jere- miab Vaughan, G e Ward and Thomas Johnson, for endeavoring to mal General Seasio: Before His Honor the Recorder, Judges Noah and Lynch and Aldermen Benson and Woodhull. James R. Wartina, Esq , District Attorney. Arai. 6—Casc of Amory § Leeds —This was the day set down for the second trial of these gentlemen, on an alleged charge of false pretences, urged by John Hag- gerty & Sons. They appeared in court with their coun- sel Charles O'Conner, and were prepared to Y- ceed with thetrial. The District Attorney stated That his engagements were such in the Court of and Terminer that he should not be able to try the cause at After consultation, however, with the Ceurt ted to put the case down for trial on the 18th instant, aud also stated that in the meantime he would consult with the prosecution, and should recommend him to consent to enter a noile ate in the case and thus terminate the suit. Itis to be hoped that the city will not b: in taxed with the hearing of this trial. The only other business trai ed was the trial of Christian F. Hipper,for an assault and battery on Henry ©. Baker. He was found guilty and fined $10. Commissioner’s Court, Before Judge Jones and Messrs McBrair and Cox. Arai 6 ee L Stuart and Alex. Stuart vs. Agnes Stuart —This case was resumed Tuesday a‘ternoon,when much testimony was brought up not only in favor of the sanit but also expressive of the good conduct of the defend- ant ‘The Court adjourned to this afternoon, at 4 o’clock. OG- CHATHAM THEATRE.—To-morrow evenin; being set oe for the benefit and last appearance of J. R. Scott. ‘The public cannot have an opportunity of wit. nessing the grand and successful drama of th ker, after this week to two of Rice’ and Jim Crow in Lor in be no doubt of vr farces, vin: With such attraction @ Go, there led house. re COMMUNICATED J USEUM.—Last night we whiled and form. Indi- PEALE’S rtain were much ent away an idle hour in this delightful esta’ aie ol h ed with the bewitchin, and ington, crous experimen ion of voice into differ. ent bodies, Pi three or four persons at the same time. of the iandlord—Old Piver—and histwo servants, is irresistible, and never fails to call forth the plaudits of the audienc Rubina, who sings so sweet] great f The comic songs of Mr. Austin are quite amusing: and we cannot do better than recommend every one to go and see for themselves FACTS WOR! RRO WING A eae stay for the hair falling out—or to restore it in bald places. A certain cure for all Rheumatism and swelled limbs and positive cure for the Piles in all cases. A warranted cure for all- bruises, Scalds aad other sores and sore eyes. A re ive cure forthe Salt Rheum. A beautiful Dye for the Hair—will not eolor the skin Warranted. net i orns. Bach ofthese to, “pe had et 71 Maiden lane, ond sueh proofs of these facts as will convince all who will call or send for them, gratis. “ The public may rest assured there is no fancy in thase assertions. A Miracle! A Miracle! © Read: n’s knowledge is procee: too fe e seen two southerners who have had lor o ir skin changed to a beautiful clearness the Italien Chemical Soap. Now we have seen we can believe, dark yellow or sun-burntskin are changed by the use ofthis. All eruptions on the skin, such as pimples, freckles, blotches, tan, scurvy, &c, are thoroughly is; in fact, it is—as a gentlemen said to us— ful article—we are told that it will mate- Creole. advise all to of the rican Eagh is sold the famous restoring the hair; it is the made. ireassia, for cheepest and best artic!