The New Hampshire Gazette Newspaper, October 22, 1762, Page 1

Fm, Oc fose 72. 1763, THE dantaiéing the Frefbeft Advices, |& . Continuation of the Hiftory of PORTUGAL, | began in this Paper of tbe 815 Inf. H E Cuftoms and Duties on " Goods exported and imported | are a confiderable Part of the : ‘Public Revenues, and are ufu- .ally farmed out by the Crown from three Years tothree Years. Thefe Duties are ~wery high in Portugal, and could not be advanced without the utter Ruin of the People. Foreign Merchandize pays 23 per Cent. on Importation, and Fifh from Newfoundland 25 per Cent. Fifh taken in the neighbouring Seas and Rivers, pay 47 per Cent. and the Tax upon Land and Cattle that ate fold is 10 pér Cent. The Duty on Snuff alone amounts to 50000 Crowns. Befides which the King draws a confiderable Revene from the feveralOrders of Knighthood, of which the King is grand Mafter. = And:the. Pope, in Confideration . of the large Sums he draws out of this King- dom en other Accounts, gives the King the Money arfing by feveral Bulls from the HolySee ;as thofe forgrantingIndulgences, Licences to eat Fleth at Times proliibited, &c. Aad it is computed that the Reyal Revenues, clear of all Penfipns and Salaries, may amount tosthree Millions five hundred thoufand Crowns. The Nobility are not tax’d but upon extraordinary Emergencies, and than"not very high. b & The King of Portugal, as well as the King of Spain, is look’d upon to be an abfolute Prince : TheCortes or threeEitaces have long fince fold their Part in the Legiflature to the -Crown, and only ferve to confirm orusecerd fuch A&s of State as the Court relolves upon, to declare the next Heir to thé Crown when the Kingis pleafed to nominate him,or to ratify Treaties with Foreign Princes who ftill efteem their confent of any Weight. The King’s Titles are, King of Portugal - and the Algarva’s on this Side 5 and be- yond the Seas in Africa, Lord of Guiney, and of the Navigation, Conqueft, and Com- merce of Ethiopia, Arabia, Perfia, India, Brazil, &c. . In the Year 1748, the King of Portugal was cdignified by the Pope with the Title of His mof Faithful Majefty. The eldeft Son of Pertugal is ftiled Prince of Brazil. The Arms of Partugal are Argent, five Efcutcheons Azure, placed crofs-wife, each charged-with as many Befants of the firft, placed Saltier wife,and pointed Sable, for Portugal. The Shield bordered Gules charged with feven Tewers Or, three in Chief, and two in each Flanch. The Creft is 2 Crown Or, under the Two Flanches, and the Bafe of the Shield appears at the End of it ; two Croffes, the firft Flower de Luce Vert, which is for the Order of Avis, and the fecond Pattee Gules, for the Order ot Chrift.; the Motto is changeable, each King affuming a new one ; butitis frequently thefe Words, viz. For the King and the People. ] "The Degreesof Nobility are the fame as in Spain. : : . S - Nuwer. 316" [ Weeks fince this PApER Their four Orders of Knighthood are, 1. That of dvis. 2. The Ocder of Cbriff. 3. TheOrder of St. James. 4. The Knights of. St. Jobn 3 who are all Commanderies and Eftates annexed to their refpective Oiders; as.in Spaim, ' Neither their Ff%t or Land Forces are very formidable t They are now the mol incgn‘fidcrafifé’of"aflf th.;’"M and their Land Forces the werft Militia in Eurape. The Revenues of this Crown, fince the Difcovery of the Brazil Mines, may be equal to thofe of any. Prince in. Europe ; but their Forces. of Sea and Land are very inconfiderable ; fo that here the common Obfervation, that Power ufually attends Wealth, does not hold. As to'their Perfons and Habits, the Portugufe are not efteemed fuch Perfonable Men as the Spanisrds . They do not con- . fine themfelves to wear black Cloaths as the Spani®¥ds. do, hut an Feftivals appear very brilliant. In other Refpets there is no great Dif- ferance between them and cheirNeighbours - of Spain. As to their Genius, Cuftoms, Diverfions, ~€d¢. they rgfemble thofe of Spain, of which they were a Province. Their Religion is the fame, and there are a proportionable Number of Convents. A Patriarchate has lately been erected at Lifbon, which is the only difference between the Ecclefiaftical Goversment of Spain and Portugal. The Portuguefe Language does not differ much from that of Spain. Itis univerfally {poken on all the Coafts of Africaand Afia, as fair as China, but mixed with the Lan- guage of the feveral Nations in that ex- tenfive Traét of Country. The Laws of this Country are all con- tained in Three Volumes Duodecimo 3 and founded on the Civil Law, and their par- ticular Cuftoms. , Their Religion is Popery ; and they have a Patriarch, as well as Archbithops and Bithops, but all under the Influence of the Pope. The Inquifition reigns here with as great Fury as inSpain,theDefcendents of the fews, who were compelled to profefs Chriftianity, are ufually the unhappy Sufferers, on Pre- tence they are not fincere, but semain Fews ftill in their Hearts, which occafions great Numbersof that Nation to fly igto England and Holland with their Effelts. Pfetenders to Witchcraft and the Black - Art are alfo frequently roafted with the Fews, at their Auto de Fe. annually. Portugal remained under the Dominion of Spain fixty Years ; during which Time the Dutch having fhaken off the Spani/b Yoke, poffelfed themfelves of the beft Settlements the Poriuguefe bad in the Eaf- Indies, Africa and dmerica, which the Portuguefe had enjoyed without a Rival for upwards of an hundred Years.; but the Portugyefe afterwards recovered the Pro- vinces, the Dusch had reduced in Brazil . There are two fingular Privileges ; the one again. arifime Powers 5 “The Portuguefe being fuppottcé» bofh by L was firft pablith’d. * Forgign and Domeflick. England’ and’ France, obtained a decifive Victory over the Spaniards at Villa Viciofa, Anno 1666, and obliged Philip to renounce’ all Presenfions to the Crown of Porrugal, The Civil Government of Poriugal exaltly refembles that of Spain, The Court of Lifbom-affeéts to conform itfelf to that of Madrid, or rather, to fthew that fhe is 0o Way inferior to ber Neighbour. Ochers obferve, that the Kings of Pertugal do in Reility look upon themfelves as the only rightful Sovereigns of all Spain, and therefore chufe to imitate the Cuftoms of that Country ; they affitm,thatthe Females of Cafiile capnot transfer .the: Succeffion to a Foreign Prince by Marraige, and con- fequently the Princes of the Houfe of Por- tugal, who are not deemed Foreigners, ought to have. fucceeded to the Crown of Spain, when the Male Branch in that King- dom became extinét. The City of Lifbon was entirely deftory- ed by a terrible Earthquake, followed by a Conflagration, on the ift of Now. 1755, being the Fealt of 4 Saimts. By this Misfortune many Thoufands of the In- habitants loft their Lives or Fortunes. As foonas an Account of this melancholy Accident arrived-in England, the Parlia- ment voted the King 100,000 .. for the Relief of the Sufferers. Wi St. Ubes, not far from Lisbon was alfo deftroyed. -® The Shocks continued for feveral Days after, and were feltin moft Parts of Europe. And the Waters were agitated in many Places in a moft furprizing manner. The Cities of Fez and Morocco alfo re- ceived confiderable Damage from the fevere Shocks they had in thofe Parts, where Numbers of the Inhabitants were likewife deftroyed. GUIMARAENS. This Town is very well built, and lies = Three Leagues to the South-eaft of Bragds * It was the anatient Kings of Portugal’s Place of Refidence, and their Palace is ftill re- maining as a curious Ornament to the Places The Inhabitants are remarkable for making very fine Thread, and curious LinnenCloth; and the Country about it is looked upon to be equal to any in in the Kingdom. The Province of Tras-Os Montes. Bracanca. TheCity of Braganca lies on the riverFer- venca, Two Leagues fram the Borders of the Kingdom ef Leon: It was called by the Romans Brigantia. In the Year 1591, in digging near a Place called Cafirellos, which is about Two Leagues from Bra- ganca, they found the Tomb of Caius Sem- pronius the Praetor, in which there were a- bundance of Geld Medals. The Place is defended by a double Wall, and a Cattle, after the old Manner, with the Addition of fome modern Works. Thereis a Cellege for the Education of Youth, and one of thofe Hofpitals jult before defcribed, and called theHofpital orCafa de la Miforicordia. is, that no' Delingneut that flics o Bragan-