New Britain Herald Newspaper, August 10, 1929, Page 13

Science Explains Why “Perpetual Motion” ands of inventors who have been bitten by the “perpetual motion bug” and kave actually designed such a device, a model of which you submitted for a patent, you probably would receive from Uncle Sam’s Patent Office a form letter, one paragraph of which reads as follows: “All such attempts must be utter failures, as_it is always impossible to obtain more power out of any machine than is originally put into it.” Why the United States Patent Office motion ssible is explained in Popular Sec ¢ by Edwin W. Teale. The record of man's for this mechanical will-o’-the-wi gan in the Middle Ages and going on, apparently as mer ever. What the patent however, seems to have discouraging the inventors ual motion machiftes. “Usually when a new fi tific investigation is openec Teale, “undiscouraged seck petual motion hail it as 10 effect in of perpet- 1d of for per road to How Radio Waves Actually Get Lost in a Forest F you, should make your vacation camp in the heart of a dense forest and the radio receiver on which you depend to keep you in touch with the outside world should remain s ent, the trouble may not be due to 2 fault of the set, but to a most sur- prising thing. As a result of a series of interest- ing experiments scientists have made the amazing discovery that when radio goes into a dense Torest it rarely comes out. Great forests act like screens to the radio-waves. For this reasc s Prof. Albert Nodon, a French writer, explains in La Nature, r practically useless in the neighborhood of the immense forested f the tropics, especially in Africa. It is not sthe trees themselves that are the trouble, Prof. Nodin thinks, but the fact that the space around them d into an electric conductor ions from the foliage. S conducting medium opposes the passage of electromagnetic waves. “Forests have a mysterious absorb- ent action on electromagnetic waves, explains Prof. Nodkin. Barfield, in England, has undertaken a new i vestigation of this interesting ques and has found that the absorpton is much greater in wooded regions elsewhere. He has also proved that it is 30 per cent greater in Summer than in Winter. “In southwestern France it is well known that the great forests of pine that cover a large part of the depart- -ments of the Landes and the Gironde, act like screens toward the sending- stations at Mont- de Marsan and Bor- deaux. the folia the di as great in Wi umme In imn pa arly in Africa, the (huh are still more mmmz, and radio commu- ically 1'\\‘10& ible, that I _have -activi of ‘may {urnish 3 rwlunauon of these I showed 23, in published hv the Daris Acad- emy nt Science and the Spanish Royal Academy, and in various scientific views, that plants, and in particular the foliage of tr "w seat of radioelectric ma an abundant em atmospher “In Winter, owing to the absence of es, these effec he immense troy the vegetation is exuberant, the crrcm , which is naturally much n in the northern tempe regions, oppose an almost ins ymmmm_ acle to the p: ge of her ally by passing n\nl the for- more or less complete lec ) ur them aside from their original ction. There 1d seem to be no other practical to avoid the trouble due to the he persistence of these fore: caus be almost investigations ken on the radio inequalif g the antenna ills partially defor- Gassing Eggs Keeps Them Fresh GGS are “gassed” to keep them fresh in a new method recently announced by scientists at Cor- nell University, who have discovered that carbon dioxide is one of the most important factors in the preservation of this food. Dr. Paul F. Sharp, professor of dairy chemistry, and A. E. Everhart, of the poultry department, found out that carbon dioxide is contained in newly laid eggs, but that it escapes quickly through the shell. Its loss was found to be an important cause of decomposition. Tests showed that the shells would reabsorb the gas as readily as they lost it. Only a slight amount of the gas is needed to pre- serve the eggs, These scientists found that at room temperatures, ten or twelve per cent of carbon dioxide is sufficient to keep the eggs fresh, while at freezing only one per cent is required. The c g the eggs id to be nn]\' a few hundredths of a cent per dozen. The alkalinity of eggs ri when they are stored in ordi and this increased alkalinity cau deterioration and spoiling of eggs. The alkalinity, can easily be neutr trolled by placing the eggs in atmos- phere containing small amounts of carbon dioxide. The eggs absorb the gas until a balance is established be- tween the carbon dioxide inside the eggs and that in the surrounding at- mnmhv r Some of the m}mlmnv is neutralized by the absorbed gas. egg can be kept, and even r to the condition when laid, by prope concentratior of carbon dioxide. When thus preserved it will remain more nearly in the condition of a fresh egg. and con- * Your Chlld’ Scales on Weigh Hi ® - Is Impossible ' The “Perpetual Motic Machine Invented by Charles J. Wolfe, of Minneapolis. The Device Is Operated Balances (Mercury in Tubes) and Is ted and Stopped by a Lever. endlessenergy. Magne and liquefied air have had their ny adher- Only last wr, repor n[ a ‘fuclless’ motor, for air- planes which to be run by tapping the s of mag- netism sweep- ing between the Poles, cre- ated wide in- terest. But the inventor soon ank from without aving given a public dem- on. near- est approach to perpetual motion prob- ably is the radium clock devised by Lord Rayleigh, of England. i to run, without being a thou- > in a vacu- Which mself. a Child Can Easily The Platform Is Less Than a Foot High. Nesog er Featurs Sersice, 1029, dium, which remains positively charged. The gradual accumulations of negative electric cause two gold leaves to move toward the positively charged radium in the glass tube. When they touch the tube th charge disappea! and th tion. move, three minutes the leav thus keeping perfect time; thi are not e not mmmw the energ: need, /but are merely using energy al- ready in the world. In this barometric or ter o the schemes to harness the tides, or, as planned by the noted French physicist, Georges Jlaude, to produce power by using the ce in temperature of ocean at the surface and at gre: denth . 5 Pictured on this page is a machine invented Charles J. Wolfe, of Minneapolis, which, he claims, is the nearest approach to perpetual motion has yet been devised. This ap- raratus is operated entirely by a s tem of balances, consisting of tubes filled with mercury and is controlled by a hand lever. Mr. Wolfe says that his machine was suggested by *he 'hl of a :’allml erris wheel at the xposition in Chicago ago, and that it took all the years since to perfect it. “The secret of Lu]uro in all ove balancing devices,” Mr. Teale goes on to explain the fundanmmal law that lhe work done by any weight fall- ing from a given height, irrespective of the path of its descent, never can exceed the amount of energy required to restore the \\oight to its original pmiLinn Again, if you draw a vertical line th xough the wheels with swinging weights, you will see that more than half of the weights lie on the rising side, thus counterbalancing the advan- tage in leverage of the other weights and holding the wheel in equilibrium. “At the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Mass., there was exhibited two years ago a device which seemed to realize the hopes of Weight EIGHT for age” is deemed very important in the tudy of health in chil- g s an ideal standard for ever wunmtnr at each succeeding age If the child be under-weight, rela- tively to age, it is not a good_sign. There must be a reason, and the family doctor ought to be consulted. A new device is the self-weigher show in the accompaning illustration. Placed on the floor, it is less than a foot high. The child, standing upon it, i 1 to see for himself his recorded by a pointer on a dial. easy to interest the child in a contrivance of this kind. Of his own accord, he will weigh himself every d-y; and if he finds himself under- weight, he will be ambitious to over- come the disadvantage. New Inventions LOW-PRICED but efficient paint spray gun weighs 612 pounds, but the sprayer part has been separated from the compressor so that the weight to be handled is only one pound. The compressor, which weighs five pounds and is attached to the gun by a 1232-foot air hose, can be placed on the floor or anywhere that the out- fit is being used. By means of an elec- tric cord this outfit can be attached to any electric socket and, when the one quart container is filled with paint, it is ready for immediate opera- tion. It develops a pressure of 25 to 30 pounds and assures an even pres- sure at all times. It “m spray paint, lacquer, varnish, enamel, bronze, wall finishes, <hel]ar whit o\\mh stenci ink, oils, po\\(lors insecticides and infectants. e An electric room cooler, designed for use in homes and offices, science's latest conquest over the discomforts of nature, has just been announced. In experimental tests this cooler lowered the temperature of an average size room as much as 10 degrees in 30 minutes and brought about a 10 per cent reduction in humidity. ‘“Hot Ice’’ OT ICE” is the product of an amazing scientific experi- ment, the results of which are announced by Prof. Percy W. Bridgman, of Harvard University. With a machine that exerts a pressure of 600,000 pounds to the square inch, Professor Bridgman makes “ice” that is as hot as a cup of steaming coffee and “boils” eggs by compressing them. In Professor Bridgman's machine, hard- ened steel flows like putty under a force that can be visualized by imagin- ing the entire weight of a passenger train—engine, coache: and all—sup- ported on the area of a single dime. Such a pressure, it has been estimated, would raise water in a pipe to a Tevel 260 miles above the earth! [ 4 / those who put their aith in ov circle of swinging weights whirled for hours. | as made, however, that a perpetual motion machine had been bui The exhibit w by a ball-bearing manufa illustrate the extent to which fri can be eliminated. Because friction d been re d to a min , the ce took longer to “run dow ' It v not it suggested an attempt to get some- thing for nothing by the use of a huge sprocket wheel and heavy endless chain, The chain e one side of the spro falling away the bottom and being lifted up to be fed back on the sprocket the top. The inventor figured leverage of the weight of the chain on the sprocket teeth on one side of the wheel would be sufficient to turn wvw] t the free half of the chain back t tiie top! In actual practice, the eff was the same as hanging a bhicycle chain over a pulley. One half balanced the other, and the wheel remained sta- tionary. Akin to wheels designed to be turned by gravity is a long list of d seeking perpetual power from buoyancy of water. The favorite this class is an endless chain of floa arranged to pass through an upright npartment in such a way that half the floats are in d haif in air. The idea is submerged floats, rising will keep the chain moving. on is for a submerged w spokes and balloon- tn at their ends. A rated by the turning of supposed to pump air nually. into the balloons at one the wheel, causing that side continua that ‘the cor loons under or to open any sort of trapdoor ment in the bott carliest attempts it would run by i soon after A, D, 12 by a iteet, Wila: e ecort. a was to attach an un- en number of weights around the rim of a wheel hinged arms, which 1ld allow those on one side to swing inward toward the rim and those on the other to ing outward. In the fifteenth centur , the Italia wheel. A d him, |n rpetual ever w con- arch search motion The Valn Peacock HE peacock has a reputation for T being vaint It has much to be vain about. Few fow t as much attention as the dazz cock when its tail is spread out fan- wise, This bird seems to court admira- tion. Most people, in common parlance, Ihis Very Striking Pho-" tograph of a Peacock Pic- the Vainest of All Feathered Denizens With Its Plumage Outspread and “Showing Off.” tures speak of the birds as peacocks when referring to both sexes. hat is not quite correct, according to a writer The Pathfinder. “Only the male: ould be called peacocks. The females ild be called peahens. \\'hrn v in general, with- out reference to sex, :ho, <nou1d be spoken of as peafowls. Originally the peafow] was a native It is still found large numbers in the wild state in hill country of India and Ceylon. he birds, which belong to the pheas- ant family, roost in trees, but usually nest on the ground. Among certain n India they are protected as sacred birds. Peafowls were introduced into Eu- of southeastern A rope in ancient times, being known to both the Greeks and Romans. In fact, in Greek mythology the peafow! was favorite bird of Juno. It was be- lieved that the anger of the goddess was aroused by plucking feathers from the sacred bi = long has peacock feathers are kept a house, so runs an old superstiti no suitors will call. BEAUTY Secret from the BOG EAT is now being boomed as a complexion beautifier, but its virtues have been known for generations to the Irish colleens dwell- ing among the bogs. That is given as the secret of their lov: complexions. They bathe their pretty faces in peat water, or smear a little of the peat itself on their cheeks at night before going to bed, just as their mothers and grandmothers did before them, and wake up refreshed. Some thirty years back a similar craze set in for the use of lanolin, or wool grease, for a somewhat similar purpose; and during the war, when Is to o farm work, many of them vered anew for themselves, when shearing time came round, its supreme lue as a skin tonic. There were no “beauty parjors” in former days, and practically no sho; ders, washes and “elixir: quently the country girl had to go out into the fields and hedgerows, and gather herbs which she used to make her own toilet preparations. i SRR A Many of them do so, using recipes that have stood the test of cen- iries, and shich have been handed i,x\\n from mother to daughter for generations. An excellent face wash, for (»\mnpo can be made from the lea £ the common fumitory, boiled in \\A(nr, milk and whey. Wild straw ies are mashed in spring water, and the resultant mix- ve is rubbed vigorously into the flesh [ the face and neck. It stain of rse, but the stain soon wears off, leaving a velvety softness that lasts for many days. For sunburn the face is washed with ge tea, and when b winds cause dryness of the skin a remedy is to he face with the yolk of an \;, before retiring to rest. Buttermilk, in which the hard roe of a herring has been macerated, is also used to remove tan and freckles, In many rural districts girls gather (he roots of the common bracken fern, them thoroughly, and pound them in a mortar. The result is starchy meal that makes a vel der of a creamy color, anmmm————————————————, mmm——— o g 4 4 s e Y on nerremy