New Britain Herald Newspaper, April 24, 1923, Page 12

i ¥ L] (Continued ¥rom 1'irst Page). league assembly the president sald he frankly recognized this as a "political bugbear,” but addel that inasingch| as no nation could have more than one judge it was I an objection than when applied it- self, of to the lea Merchant Marine Again, “Although the question of a world court formed the burden of the presi- dent's address he also bespoke a word for the establishme { a merchant marine, deplored party loy alty and the organiz groups or blocs to serve group interests, and urged that the primary made an agent of Indisputable party expression rather than a means of party sion or destruction.” The address of the follows “Members of the Associated speahs on Motives, “During the closing days of the last congress 1 sent to the a com- munication asking its advice and con- gent to the adherence by the govern- ment of the United States to the pro-, tocol establishing the international court of Out of this simple natural pr ding has veloped 8o much of mystery, so much of misunderstanding nuch of pro- test and approval, so much of threat- ened muddying of the political waters, that 1 come the opportunity on S0 appropriate an occasion to 1 u 1o the American people both the pu pose and the motives impelling. “Ours popular gov through the & 10 politic tics, and it must be assumed that the party, which | honest party, by the plat- and by the ut- candidates when ap- popular approval On is seemly to recall the party now the promotion relationghips. P. Principles. nati lack of ition of he confu- president tn full senate ustice f norma Wi is ment | par of | time cours of the is at the must b form of terances of ling for umption it e declarations of power to international G, O, 1904 an ted S fa in relative of orm of party 1 favor of interna- arbitration.’ ational con- in its plat- e tn ious dec- “In la the the settloment tional difference v FYour years laten in the vention of 1908 the p, form alluded keeping faith with laration and said ““The conspicuons American statesmanship t of international peace so strongly ad- vanced in The Hague confe are! oceasion for pride and grati tion. x x x W orse such achieve ments as the duty peo- ple to perform proclaim the ob- ligation of rur strengthening the bonds of f v and good will with all the nations of the world.' “In 1812 the republican platform made a very explicit declaration re- lating to an international of Justice. I quote from the nant of faith: Por World PPeace. ““Together with peaccful derly development at hom publican party ecarnestly all measures for the ¢ blishment nd protection ol the world and for the deve closer relations between rious nations of the carth, t ves most earnest- ly in a peaceful settlement national disputes and the ence of all contro ies between na tions to an international court nal ‘we to progress r ontributions of the cause ene just vighest of a nd er vip court party cove- and re- favors of the peace opment of tne ve | which I' quote pledge again: and courageous for- d by r la best a firm consistont eign policy aiways mainta publican presidents with American traditions as it is the only truc way, to preserve peace and restore to us our ri ttul place among nations. We believe in the peaceful. settiement of intern. tional disputes and we vor the tablishment of a worl it for that purpose.’ “In 1 eign relation senate had treaty and the The convention of the rejection, pledgn f from Therefore, it said in 1ts platform pro- nouncement: Party's pledge the stration to other meet the civilization cor; ce with merican ideal out surrendering the ri of American peopel to exercise its judg- ment and its power in favor of tice and peace.” “As a participant in the some of these platforms s banner-hearcr of one campaign have the right to believe the poke the party conscience so plainly that it is not ¥ to miscon he Leacue Tasue are other to recall allude the platform 0. On August league of ) 00 ce is th 3 of onr for- s very acute, The the Versailles of nations pact. voieed its but was unwilling the 20 the guestion 1ip W et leag approv vor Pledgze. ing republican \ agreements nations the full duty o and hums W min with sha world America to ity, alon inac-| wi the making of | 18t “But Which it is seemly to the interpretation by the candidate in 28, 1920, speaking on the nations proposal. 1 said frankly and very definitely 1 did not favor the United States entering the league of nations. Tt ared then that the fssue, ne defined by the randidates ‘involved the disp between a world court of justice supplemented by world association for conferenee on the one hand, the league on the other’ Quoting further from the same address 1 aid: “The one is a judicial tribunal to ,be governed by fixed and definite principles of law, administered with- ont passion or prejudice. “The other is an association of diplomats and politicians whose de- termigations are sure to be inflnenced by considerations of expediency national selfishness, One a govern- utterances 1 was dr ity nd the council of | able to uphoald The decisions ¥ of such a court or the recommendations of such a conferénce could be aceept- ed without sacrificing on our part or asking any other power to sacrifice one fota its nationality, “So much for political party his- tory, I have quoted it because 1 bhe- lleve in keeping the faith, If politi- parties do not mean what they say and eandidates do not mean what they say then our form of popular government is based on fraud, and hope to endure, Keeps Party Pledge “In compliance with its pledges the new administration which came into power in March, 1021, definitely and decisively put asic i thought of the 'nited States entering the league of nations, It doesn't propose to enter now by the side door, the back door, nor the cellar door. 1 have no un- scemly comment to offer on the leag 1f it is serving the Old World helpfully, more power to it.| But it is not for The senate h declared, the cxecutive has so. d the people have so declared. could be more decisively | with finality | Treaty®With. Germany | “In further keeping of the faith the | administration made a treaty of peace with Germany, a just treaty which so | impressed our war-time enemy that| when we came, later on, to set up a mixed claims commission to settle| the claims of American nationals| inst Crermany, that nation named | on L we named one, and | then, for tI time in the history | of internatio relationships Ger-| many asked us as a contending nnlinn: me the umpire, the third mem-| vote would decide all | 1 know of no like tribute fairness in all the cannot clared, Nothing stamped whose enc nation’s ds of history. | hen in the fulfillment of the of free conference, the interna- | to a reca Nedge :’I(-n;n conference on the limitation of | armament was called, not in haste but| because someone was prodding but as/ carly as the barriers to success could be removed. The spirit of that con- ference and the achievement wrought | n into history and| rably beyond the almost universal popular favor al- ready accorded. There was not alone the triumph in reducing naval arma- ments and ending competition which was leading to oppressive naval| strength and adding staggering bur- dens to the treasuries of competing powers; not alone the removal of every war cloud and every reason for| conflict in the Pacific so that now ac- cord and concord abide, where sus-| picion and fear had previously dwelt;| but we gave an example to the world to peace which the supreme ac-| been writt oW imme have will of the conference Wi time will appraise a complishment Peaceful Settlement “Harddy had this gratifying worl been accomplished bhefore the admin istration began its endeavors for fur ther fulfilimgnt. Meanwhile an inter- national eourg of justice had been es- tablished. It was an agency of peace- ful settlement which had long been| sought. Its establishment greviously had failed because no agreement had possible over the method of The existence of the solution. had the been lecting judges, of nations offered all the memher nations a protocol establishing a most gned court. “The council, in members of the the larger powers have per-| manent representation, afforded one| vot'ng body with a veto on the mem-: Lors of the assembly consisting of rep- entatives of all the nations and riember nations, of the assembly could have a veto on the larger pows-| crs represented in the council. Here| was a device for electing judges which | the heretofo unsolvabie of a s actory means of selecting them. Not the council, but the nation members thereof must vote in majority for the same candi- dates for which members of the a sembly voted in a majority else the| election is void until a conference points the way td agreement. “Under the provisions of its blishment, the United States can ap- ply for a court decision on any justi-| fiable even as any nation| participating in its establishment. Per-| is not all that some| the court plan would| is in a large measure the of aspiration we fong have Ho T thought and| I still think we ought to be a party| removed problem es- question court idvocates of it but it fulfillment hoasted, haps the have | dealing NEW BRITAIN DAILY HERALD, to the agreement, assume our part in its maintenance and give to it the benefit such influence as our size and wealth and ideals may prove to be, “For more cligibility to appeal to the court nothing was needed, But it didn't seem fair to seck its advan- tages without accepting all bécoming vesponsibilities and hereg developed the stumbling block, Naturally we should wish to participate in selecting the judges and the electors designated were members of the league, We | had no thought of joining the league | we sought | will of its offerings and of its obligations. none accept none Members of the University TUESDAY, APRIL 24, 1923, made party sponsorship in government|er a volce in nominating men for of+ less effective than It was, We* have come to the time In public life as even |1eas important than a scrap of paper and groups of blocs are serve group interes turned to and many indi- viduals serve their own while con- tempt for party conference or caucus h as sent party loyalty pretty much into the discard, Believes In Parties, “I belleve in political parties, They were the essential agenties of the pop- ular government which made us what we are, We were never perfect but under our partV system wrought a de. velopment under representative de- mocracy unmatched in all proclaimed liberty and attending human advance- ment, system, where parties were committed of Pennsylvania track team to We achleved under the party the bars in preparation for their competition against the best col-[to nolicies and party loyaity was a lege teams, The president could propose no solu- | peaceful settlement of justifiable ques- tion to the signatory powers, because the world has witnessed in disap- pointment the spectacle of the execu- ing. Tt was not desirable to make some proposal abroad that could not be carried out; indeed none would be considered and it was not pleasing to think of asking the senate's consent to a program to which the nations concerned would not agree. So very informally and very discreetly the sit- vation was felt out over a consider- able period of time and when satisfied that there was an appropriate course of action without connection with the league provided the senate consented, 1 proposed adherence to the court protocol and asked the senate’'s con- sent “The documents speak for them- selves, It was pointed out that no rights under the league and no obli- gations of the league would” be in- curred but to make certain that we would not be involved the letter of the secretary of state suggested suit- able reservations to afford ample | guaranty. “This is the complete recital. Tt is in harmony with platform pledges, candidatorial promises, and I believe with American aspirations, The sen- ate's decision was hardly to be ex- pected amid the utmost pressure of business incident to the' closing weeks of the short session. But I felf that the senate, the country and the friendly nations whose counsel we had sought were entitled to know that our gestures abroad were sincere and our own people should Kknow there are no secrets about our pur- S home, once they are ma- What Pro-Leaguers Say. “Fxcessive friends of the Jeague have beclouded the situation by their unwarranted assumption that it move toward league membership. L.et them disabuse their minds, be- cause there is no such thought among us who must make our commitments abroad. And the situation fis like- wise beclouded by those who shudder excessively when the league is men- tioned and who assume entanglement is unavoidable, any entanglement would first require assent of the sen- ate which is scarcely to be appre- hended and if by any chance the enate approved of any entangle- ment the present administration would not complete the ratification. It in spite of these. statements ut- tered with full deliberation there are excessive and unfounded hopes on the one hand, or utterly unjustifiable ap- prehensions on the other 1 know of no word fittingly to apply. “Prar v, there i one political bugbear. AVhen we discussed the league of nations and its rule of force with its super powers through a polit- ical council and mbly I myself contended as a senator for equal vot- ing power on the part of the United States with any nation in the world. With her dominions members of the league assembly the British empire will have six votes in that branch of the court electorate of the council. In view of the fact that no nation can have more than one judge it is a less formidable objection than when ap- plied to the league as a super power with problems likely o abridge a member’'s national rights. T appraised the objection as one who voted against this disparity of power in the league assembly but in an ap-, praisal now I do not hesitate to say that if other great powers can accept, without fear the voting strength of the British dominions, when the without ties of race to miminize in- ternational rivalries and suspicions we ought, in view of the natural tics of English speaking kinship feeling our- selves free from danger, The Perfected Court “The perfected court must be a matter of development. I earnestly commend it because it is a great, step in the right direction toward th | and | ment of laws and one a government of | men. “In that same address I commended The Hague tribunal, One para- graph is particu'arly appropriate to quote afresh: “I believe humanity would welcome the creation of an international asso- . ciation for conference and a world eourt whose verdiets on justifiable Questions this "country in common %ith all nations wilkid e willing and ght champio! | husghand, fcathenaiei Id title. bane for the wor Island. Maybe you don't believe inakes a good picture, anyway. 7 Mys. Cl;iqlii Pack; a Hefiy ‘Punch - ‘Mrs. Engene Criqui recently arrived from Paris to see her n of Europe, fight Johnny Kil- Here Mrs, Criqui_hands her spouse a wicked one on the jaw at his training quarters at Manhasset, Long! she’s his sparring partner, but it [tive proposing and the senate dispos- | | ot any political parly. tions toward the elimination of fric. tions which lead to war, and a surer agency of international justice through the application of law than can be hoped for in arbitration which is in- fluenced by the prejudices of men and the expediency of politics, “We can do vastly more to perfect it in the capacity of an adherent than in an aloofness in which we arrogate to ourselves the right to say the world we dictate ‘but never comply. I would yield none of our rights, none of our nationality, but would gladly give of oursinfluence and co-operation to move forward and upward toward world peace and that reign of justice which is infinitely more secure in the rule of national honor than in nation- al or international force, L4 Hopes For Future, “1 have indulged the dream, nay, a Jjustified hope that out of the encour- aged annd sustained court might come the fulfillment of larger aspirations, In the proof of its utility and a spirit of concord among nations might come that voluntary conference of nations out of which could he expected a clarified and codified international W to further assure peace under the law, and bring nations that understanding which is ever the first and best guar- antor of peace, “I would not have it thought that I hold this question paramount to all other confronting our government, do not hold it a menace to the unity It is not to be sed as a party questin, But if any party, repeatedly’ advocating a world court is to be rended by the suggestion of an effort to perform in accordance with its pledges it needs & new appraizal of its 5. Home Comes First. “Our problems at home invariably call for first consideration. Our own house must be kept in order; our own good fortune must be assured before we can be large contributors to world progress or measurably helpful to hu- . T have little patience with the contention of those who believe large commercial advantages will at- tend our larger assumption of world responsibility. ed in bartering their trade advantages for larger fellowships. We need do it ourselves and we need hot ask what we do not give, Commerce is the very lifeblood of every people's existence, and a nation's commercial opportuni- ties are valued little less than the se- curity of 1ts citizenship. “A restored Furope with less con- sumption in conflict and more produc- cla tion and consumption in hopefu! peace and banished hate, would add to the volume of world commerce. We would gladly acclaim such a restoration. Our influence and helpfulness are, ready when they will avail but we cannot in- trude where we ourselves would re- sist intrusion. Commerce Gaining. “Our position' commercially is gain- ing in strength because we arc free trom political entanglements and can be charged with no sclfish designs, In the making of new pacts and the re- making of old, we ask no more and accept no | than the equal oppor- tunity we are ever ready to grant oth- ers and the position is unassailable. The nation which grants justice may confidently ask it, and the world—so- DALITY GODDS AT CONOMY PRICES Il Nations are not engags | WEDNESDAY S THE NEN BRITAIN = MARKET 0.~ mark of honor and ‘ toward accomplishment, in many states party adherence flouted, loyalty s held to be contemp- tible, nominations for office are often influenced by voters enrolled under an opposing party banner, and platforms are the Insincere utterances pediency, rather than by advocates of principle. cial, political or®ommercial—wliich would promote justice through asso- clation or judgment of its court must practice justice in its dally transac- tiong, “I made allusion in the beginning to political charts and the good faith of political parties. Sometimes therc must be a variation from the charted course because of the unexpected development of impassionable souls, |t This administration pledged by a sponsoring party for a quarter of a century to the building up of a mer- chant marine was/unable to secure the enactment which was believed to be the way to fulfillment but it would be a small administration which would surrender the aspiration for an Amer- jcan merchant marine and scrap or sacrifice our great merchant fieet in a plque of disappointment over the sen- ate's failure to give approval. “For security of defense for the avoidance of a like extravagance and ineffectual outlay in case of future war, for the promotion of our com- merce and our eminence on the seas 1 believe a great merchant marine to be an outstanding American require- ment. Since we cannot hope for gov- ernment aid to private ownership, we propose to do our best to organize and consolidate our lines and service applying the lessons of experence | which cost us hundreds of millions in operation alone then offer for sale if we cannot sell, we will operate, and operate aggressively, until congress | inhibits, P | ““Confessedly this is a contradiction |of the proposal to have less govern- ment in business and more business in | government but if we cannot get out of the shipping businegs in a practical Iway and be assured of privately owned and privately operated shipping |it is the business of the government |to conserve our shipping assets and make for our self reliance on . the | high seas. Talks to Reporters. “One more thought little expected on this occasion I am sure, but par- ticularly appropriate before a highly representative body of the American ipress. I know from experience how a newspaperman confidently prints {opinions on public affairs. He has a marked advantage, because he is seldom called upon to make good, un- |les8 he happens to be elected presi- dent, and apparently no newspaper- man was ever put to the test here- tofgre. You have been saying a lot |aboly the failure of congress and the (dack of team work between the ex- ecutive and congress and many of you have deplored that some strong man is not in the White House to make congress do his bidding. “But a great change has taken place, vitally influencing the work of administrative and legislative fulfill- ment. This effectiveness is no longer influenced by war stress or presiden- tial personality. The great change has come about unawares, and as molders of public opinion you have ignored the fundamental reason. It is the change in our political system, the rule of the primary, the drift toward pure democracy, and the growing im- potence of political parties. 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