New Britain Herald Newspaper, December 13, 1917, Page 1

'HERALD BEST OF ALL LOCAL NEWSPAPERS EW BRITAIN HERALD PRICE THREE CENTS. NEW BRITAIN CONNECTICUT, THURSDAY, DECEMBER 13, 1917.—TWELVE PAGES. - " INVESTIGATION OF HALIFAX HORROR ¢ GETS UNDER WAY Governments, Owners of Colliding o Vessels and Other Parties Rep- Tesented at Official Hearing * SNOWSTORM BURSTS O0UT s AGAIN; GOLD CONTINUES Relief Vessel From Boston Arrives With Window Glass and Roofing Pupel\-—‘()cullsvs Needed to Prevent Thousands From Becoming Blind for Life—Heroism of Women Dur- i ing Conflagration. - Halifax, Nov. 13.—Official inquiry was begun by the government today to determine, if possible, responsibility for the explosion in the harbor with its resultant fire and loss of thou- sands of lives a week ago today. Attorneys present represent the Ca- nadlan and Nova Scotia governments, zowners of the two colliding vessels, the French munition ship Mont Blanc and the Norwegian Belgian relief ship Imo; the City of Halifax and the Hal- ifax Pilotage commission. Citizens were still so occupied today with the rehabilitation of their city that there was no public attendance when the taking of testimony began. Among the first witnesses were Pilot # McKay and Captain Lamode of the Mont Blanc and Alex Johansen, stew- ard of the Imo. Insists Pilot Was Not Drunk. Captain Lamodes examined by W. A. Henry, counsel for the government, sald the Mont Blanc was loaded at Gravesend Bay, New York, with a cargo of T. N. T. gun cotton, and dry picric acid and a deck load of ben- ol for the French government. He | # described the distribution of the ex- ! plosives in the hold and said the T. N. T. was separated from the acid by special wooden partitions. The acid was in wooden kegs and cases. Captain Lamodes 8aid the ship came to Halifax to receive orders where to “Join her €onvoy. He received his or= < ders from the British Pilot McKay. McKay was ‘‘absolutely sober,” said the witness. No liquor was on the Mont Blanc he said. The morning of the collision was quite clea Proceeding up to Bedford Basin his ship sighted the Imo, continued the commander. She was heading to sea on the west side but was taking a di- rection across his course. The star- board side of the Imo was visible. She was two points on his port bow. He gave one short blast on his whistle to indicate he had seen the Imo and to show the Mont Blanc was going to the right. The Imo gave two short blasts when the ships were about 150 feet apart. The collision was inevitable at this point. The Imo, judging by the force of the collision, seemed to have great speed The effect of the collision was im- » mediate. Thick black smoke poured ! from the hold. It was impossible to | put out the fire, In order not to uselessly sacrifice lives he ordered the crew to abandon the ship. He called the roll when they landed and found only one man missing. Eighteen to twenty minutes elapsed before the ex- plosion which thew them all flat on their faces. Captain Lamode admitted it was the first time he had been in Halifax harbor. Cross examined by C. J. Burchell, counsel for the owners of the Imo, the witness testified the Mont Blanc was not carrying a red flag or anything to indicate that the ship had explosives on board. He de- clared the international navigation rules did not call for the flying of ar red flag on a ship except when it was loading or handling munitions. Stories of Women’s Heroism. Belated credit was given today to two young women for their conduct following the explos on. When the ex- plosion came the n<val hospital had .only two nurses on -Cuty, Sister Alice Boutin and her assictant. Although the roof crashed in and the building was damaged, not a patient was lost. In addition to attending these patients, many injured from outside were brought in. With a fractured rib and a dislocated shoulder, Sister Bou- tin remained on duty until late in the evening, when she became exhausted. Miss Jean Groves, operator at the private branch telephone exchange at the dockyards, remained at her post and sent out calls for doctors, fire de- partments and other aid until ordered out of the building which was badly damaged. Less than half an hour later she was at the Lorne exchange, reporting for duty. Boston Relief Ship Arrives. The rélief ship Northland, the sec- ond vessel sent out from Boston with supplies and clothing for the destitute here, arrived today. The Northland brought large of wincow glass, roofing paper and other supplies badly needed to make the remaining homes more comfortable and to, provide more suit- uble temporary quarters for the home- ‘ The weather was intensely cold to- and an early sho.wstorm gave in- | 3 é - a - as (Continued On Eleveuta Page). \ v BAKER BLAMED FOR SHORTAGE IN GUNS Major Gen. Crozier Puts Matter Squarely Up to Chiel 'ORDNANCE HEAD UNDER FIRE | Members of Senate Military Affairs Committee Hurl Questions at Wit- ness, Who Refuses to Assumec Re- sponsibility for Acts of His Super- ior. ‘Washington, Dec. 13.—Demands for specific explanation of delays in supplying arms and artillery to the nation’s fighting forces were made to- day by senate military affairs com- mittee members in cross examination of Major Gen. Crozier, chief of ord- nance, in continuing the senate in- vestigation. From all sides of the tables ques- tions were fired at the ordnance chief | for information on why money fur- nished by congress had not been more rapidly expended for ordnance. Time needed for manufacturing after funds were authorized which | were the principal causes of delay was the gist of Gen. Crozier's explana- tions. Responsibility for delays in secur- ing machine guns was laid directly upon Secretary Baker by Gen. Cro- zier, after giving a detailed explana- tion of long consideration of various types. ‘When Chairman Chamberlain said he was not satisfied with the explana- tion Gen. Crozier replied: “Neither am I satisfied but I am not responsible for the delay.” “Well who is?” demanded Senator Chamberlain. “The secretary of war,” Gen. Cro- zier replied. ‘“He has to be. He had direct charge of the tests of types. He | took a personal interest in it. The ordnance department is in no way re- sponsible for-the delay.” VANDERLIP WARNS OF PAPER MONEY DANGER Men and Material, Not Cash,| Need of Country, He Says. St. Paul, Dec. 13.—Warning aghinst | the danger of paper money inflation Las a means of financing the war was 'given today by Chairman Frank A. Vanderlip of the war saving commit- tee in addressing a bankers’ lunch- eon in behalf of the war saving stamps campaign. The government faced a shortage of men and material, not money, he de- clared, and therefore the printing press could never satisfy the needs arising from the war. “There are some impressive reasons why this campaign for economy should have the strongest support of men of large affairs of great corpora- tions, of savings banks and of all in- terests that are concerned with the future security values,” Mr. Vanderlip continued. “The alternative of finan- cing this war out of current savings will be the attempt to finance it by inflation, not by the inflation of bank credits alon that is almost inevit- able. The danger is that we might come to inflation by the issue of paper money. “At no time in the world’s history when paper money inflation has any- where been tried was there a corpor= ate condition such as we have today; a situation where there are many, many billion dollars of securities is- sued by public service corporations whose income is fixed by law. The advancing price of all things which corporations must have to live, the prices of labor, fuel, equipments, sup- plies of every sort, would show quick response to the inflation of the cur- rency but the income of those cor- porations would still be governed by legal contracts or governmental reg- ulations.” AMERICA CHEERED BY ITALIAN HOUSE Demonstration Continues For Minutes During Premier’s Speech Plaudits for Red Cross, Also. Rome, Dec. 13.—There was a great demonstration in parliament today when Premier Orlando mentioned America’s declaration of war on Aus- tria-Hungary. The whole house rose and applauded and was joined by the public in the galleries in the cry “viva America, viva Wilson.” The manifestation lasted five minutes and deputies and senators turned toward the diplomatic gallery where Am- bassador Page was sitting. The demonstration was renewed shortly afterward when the premier men- tioned the American Red Cross, and was repeated when his remarks con- | cerning America were concluded. LAST DAY ON EARTH Shortly After Midnight Tobin, Slain in This City Septem- With Nerve Unbroken. the execution house at state prison, Wethersfield, shortly after midnight tonight, the state of Connecticut will collect its toll from William J. Wise, for the murder of Mrs. Anna Bacon Tobin on the morning of September 19 on Pearl street near the Corbin WILLIAM J, WISE to be enacted early tomorrow morn- ing will ring down the curtain on one of the most sensational murders ever committed in this city. Probably no murder trial in which local persons figured, attracted as much attention as the Wise-Tobin affair. During the days of the trial the court room was taxed to its capa- city daily, and one of the most noticeable features of the case was the apparent unconcern manifested by the accused. Dressed in a uniform of a soldier of Uncle Sam’s army, Wise acted in theatrical fashion, and when called to the stand, he did not lose any signs of his steel nerve. believeable nerve was manifested in the hearing before the board of par- dons last Monday afternoon when Public Defender John F. Forward and Attorney Albert A. Greenberg of this neck of their client from the hang- man’s noose. A sister of the con- demned man and his aged father ‘were among those present at the ‘hearing, and the sister did everything within her power to prevail upon the board to send her brother to prison for life. Throughout his incarceration in the prison, Wise has maintained an air of bravado and it is believed that he may go through the ordeal tomorrow row, Wise has shown no apparent in- terest in the fate which awaits him Today he was.transferred to the exe- cution house, where, locked in the steel cage, he will sit and await the coming of prison attendants to start will culminate with his swinging into eternity. Rabbi Ettelson, a well known Hart- ford Jewish clergyman, who has taken an interest in the prisoner, will be with him until the end. be represented by Eugene J. Clerkin. TRelatives of Wise have claimed the body and it will be probably sent to his former home in New York tomor- row. FLAGS FROM The Hague, Dec. De Jonge, in to said that in order to frontier towns from raids the Dutch flag will be from church steeples, but no tive protective measure has found for night time. answer a damage by ai ! to pay compel s by their airmen. - FOR WM. J. WISE Former Soldier to Be Hanged AT WETHERSFIELD PRISON Convicted of Murder of Anna Bacon ber 19, Expected to Go to Gallows Within the gloomy gray walls of Cabinet Lock company. ‘The chapter | Again this show of almost un- | city, made a gallant fight to save the | morning without flinching. In his nar- | row cell in the condemned murderers’ | him on the last short journey that | Only persons | perscribed by law will be permitted to | witness the execution. The Herald will | DUTCH STEEPLES. | 13.—In the sec- ond chamber vesterday War Minister question | protect Dutch : flown Foreign gov- ernments, he added. have not refused sation for damage doné ARTILLERY CRASHES ON FRENCH FRON Germans Fail to Make Appreci- able Progress Against British ITALIAN LINE HOLDING Iresh Troops From Russo-Galician Front Brought Into Fray Along Pi- ave River—Jerusalem Believed Out of Fighting Zone. Paris, Dec. 13.—Active artillery fighting is in progress along the whole front, the war office states. Germans Make Slight Advance. London, Dec. 13.—Three attacks were made by the Germans in vester- day’s battle, the war office reports. The first two were repulsed. At the third | obliterated British trenches of the apex of the angle in the British lines | near Bullecourt. Local fighting con- tinued until late in the evening with | no change in the situation. Berlin Reports Advance. Berlin, Dec. 13, via London—Several British shelters and 90 prisoners were taken by German troops yesterday on the Cambrai front ‘east of Bullecourt, army headquarters announced today. ‘Will Probe OCambrai Reverses. | London, Dec. 12.—The government will investigate the reasons for the British reverse on the southern end of the Cambrai salient. This was the assurance given by Andrew Bonar Law, chancellor of the exchequer, in answering criticism of military oper- ations in the house of commons to- day. He said the government’s infor- mation was that rumors concerning the Cambrai operations were exagger- ated greatly and he had been tempted to warn the house that nothing in the shape of a decisive blow was claimed for that operation. Heavy Fighting On Italian Linc Italian Headquarters, Northern Italy Dec. 12, (By the Assoeiated Press)— Gen. von Below’s German troops have joined the Austrians and Bohemians under Feld Marshal Von Hoetzendorf in a series of heavy assaults during the past two days between the Brenta and Piave rivers, just north of. Monte Grappa.. The fighting has been severe {and has been atfended with large [ Josses, but in the main the Ttalian line has been sustained with one slight in- dentation at Monte Spinocia where | the enemy secured a temporary foot- ing which is still being contested. Further artillery preparation early vesterday was followed by infantry rushes with the Austrians on the right and the Germans on the left. The Fourth Austrian division on the right had a number of Bohemian regiments 1in the front line. These were fresh from the Russo-Galician front. A desperate struggle went on around Col Beretta, where the Austrians were aided by enfiladed fire from that ter- | ritory on the west bank of the Brenta HERALD “ADS” MR BETTER BUSINES$ ESTABLISHED 187 RUSSIAN CAPITAL IN GRIP OF THUGS AND MURDERERS Corpses of More Ths ’ 7,000 Taken Frof Rivers and Canals i ; Petrograd District BRINGS FORTUNE IN PLATINUM IN GRIPS Intrepid American Engineer Unaided Carries Metal Valued at Nearly $2,000,000 From Russiu. A Pacific Port, Dec. 13.—In boxes, carried as luggage, . W. Draper, an American engineer, brought from Pet- rograd, 21,000 ounces of platinum, safe arrival of which at a Pacific port was announced at Washington vesterday. The metal, valued at nearly $2,000,000, is consigned to the secretary of commerce and is ur- gently needed for war purposes. \U-BOAT OFFENSIVE RESULTS IN FAILURE Germans Make Unsuccessful Drive at Sea to Force Allies to Peace. London, Dec. 13.—When the Asso- | ciated Press inquired of high naval " authority today “if the anti-submarine | war was going well and what was the ! reason for the high rate of sinkings in Draper, in relating today the story the past three weeks,” the answer was: attempt the enemy penetrated the ; river in positions established when the | lines were reformed last week. For ! some time the positions were in the enemy’s hand but a brilliant counter | attack has restored nearly all the | Ttalian possessions. German reserve forces were engaged | for the first time since they were used in the big Isonzo offensive. The fighting was bloody around Monte Seinocia and Orso—*bear hill"-—with the enemy gaining a foothold. The result of the two days fighting { had not advanced the enemy’s posi- tions leading toward the Venetian plains which is, his real aim. No Damage in Jerusalem. Amsterdam, Dec. 13.—An indica- tion that the Turks will not attempt to recapture Jerusalem was given: by | Gen. Stoeger-Steiner, Austro-Hungar- jan war minister, in replying to a question raised in the army commit- tee of the Austrian delegation as quot- ed in a despatch from Vienna. The general said Jerusalem was oc- cupied without fighting, the Turks re- treating eastward through the town when their positions to the west were subjected to a sharp attack. Jerusa- | lem suffered no damage, he sald, and the Ottoman supreme command has given assurances that wanton damage | is out of the question. 2.95 INCH GUNS FOR YALE ME New Haven, Dec. 13.—A battery of 2.95 inch mountain guns, it is an- nounced at military headquarters at Yale today, wil] be shipped soon to the Yale contingent from the Water- | vliet arsenal. The battery will he complete in its equipment and will be chosen of material suitable for the field artillery battalion. SPAIN WILL PROTEST. Madrid, Dec, 12.—Premier Alhuce- mass announced today that the Span- | ish government was preparing an en- ergeti> protest to Germany regarding | the: hombardment of the Spanish | steamer Claudio by a German sub- | | marine. e WEATHEX Hartford, Dec. 13.—TIore- cast for New Britain and vicinity: Probably snow to- night and. Friday: not so cold tonight: co'der Friday. of his trip, said he traveled alone and unarmed across Siberia to Vladi- vostok, vhere he took a steamer, MISS VARNEY IN HYSTERICS Nurse Accused of Murdering Wife of | Man She Loved Weeps While Tell- ing Her Story to Jur; Deadham, Mas hysterically Dec. 13.—Weeping at times but apparently determined to substantiate the open- ing address of her counsel, Miss Har- riet A. Varney, on the witness stand today, .related the storg of her asso- ciations with George H. Keyes, the real estate broker of Boston, which, according. to .the state, furnished the motive. for.the .murder of the latter's wife, of which the witness is accused. Keyes was the principal witness for | the prosecution and the defense has undertaken to show that it was his influence that compromised the repu- | tation of the nurse and made her an | object of suspicion when her rival in the affections of Keyes was slain. GARFIELD WARNS GOV. € i i i i | were the greatest ever recorded in “The enemy has had more subma- rines at work. He has actually been ! attempting a submarine offensive of the greatest possible magnitude in an effort to enforce his offensive on land. They are trying to bring off a coup which will incline us to peace. “He has failed on sea as on land and he has to pay a heavy price. Our counter-measures are meeting with in- creased success. Despite the fairly large number of sinkings reported this week there is no decrease in optimism among those who know the submarine war situa- tion, who see no reason for modifying or altering Premier Lloyd George’s statement of Nov. 20 that there is no longer any fear of the submarine proving a decisive factor in the war. Events since November 20 in fact have tended to increase rather than decrease the confidence with which the premier spoke. The month of Novem- ber was a red letter month in the anti- U-boat war for three reasons. First, the loss of tonnage during the month was the lowest since the unrestricted submarire campaign began. Sec?nd, the sinkings of enemy submarines a ingle month. Third, the launching of new merchantmen from British yards came within measurable distance of ! cqualling the loss of tonnage by sub- i marine attack. Federal Fucl Administrator Sends “Hands Ofi” Crder to Ohio Execu- tive Who Has Jumped Traces, ‘Washington, Dec. 13.—Fuel Admin- istrator Garfield today informed Gov- ernor Cox of Ohio that he would not permitted with distyi- of Ohio under the direction of the state fuel adminis- tration. Dr. Garfield sent to Governor Coa | the followinz telegram: ! “I must respectfully but firmly re- | quest that you do not interfere with | the orderly distribution of coal 1! Ohio under orders issued by my au- | thority to Homer H. Johnson, federal | fuel administrator for Ohio who has full authority to act, F. C. co-operate with him. “I must insist that the state not be permitted to interfere with action of the United States trator.” Any pressing need for coal in Ohio that Gov. Cox can show w immediately, Dr. Garfield sa fuel administration. Seizure of coal by the governor, will only bring con- fusion and add to the difficulties of the sityation, Dr, Garfield declared. Arrahgements for supplying coal to the places in which the governor has information there is a shortage al- ready have been made. be to interfere bution coal in HELD FOR MA LAUGHTER. New Haven Road Over to Superior Court. Seymour, Dec. 13.—Howard C. Att- engincer of the New Haven road express train which ran down local station last November, was held and killed Daniel Atlasjuk at the Bound by Justice Mannweiler today for trial ' in the superior court charged witn manslaughter. The hearing after several postponements, was concluded resterday, and the court reserved de. cision until today. Attmore has been under bonds since his arrest folowing the finding of the coroner which held vin) erim- inally responsible for the death. Baird to ! fuel adminis- | | FEDERAL MEDIATORS GO TO STRIKE SCENE Ordered By Secrctary Baker to gd to St Paul and Minncapolis to Deal With Trolley Men, | | Wasnington, Dec. the strike situation ana St. Paul before the president to- day, Secretary Baker telegraphed the president’s labor commission now in the west to stop in Minnesota and take up the question of a settlement. George W. Lawson, secretary of the | Minnesota State Federation of Labor, | today telegraphed the strikers in St. , Paul and Minneapolis to return to work in view of the order for an in- | vestigation by the president's labor commission. i Minneapolis, Dec. 13.—The authori- | ties were prepared today to deal ‘ promptly with any disorders that might arise in connection with the strike of several thousand local union men in sympathy with Minneapolis and St. Paul street car emploves who are demanding permission to wear their -union buttons, which Tecently were instructed to mobilize here and public safety cpmmittee. Besides several hundred special deputy sheriffs, companies of Home Guards were isstructed to mobilize here and await call. | HAIG THANKS PERSHING { %Exprcflscs Appreciation of Assistance i Rendered By American Army Engi- neers During Battle at Gouzeacourt November 30. ‘With the American Army in France, Dec. 12, (By the Associated Press)— Field Marshal Haig, commander of the British forces in France, has ex- pressed to Gen. Pershing in a letter his thanks for the assistance given by American army engineers around Gouzeacourt on November 30. It is learned in connection with a 'SPANISH PARLIAMENT ENDS' i Cabi ct Decides to Immediate . Dis- solution of Law Making Body—New Elections to Be Called at Once. Madrid, Dec. 13.—The cabinet has decided on the immediate dissolution of parliament and the calling of new elections. AILLAUX FEELS Paris, Dec. 13.—The debate on Caillaux case. which the former premieer has given to understand will “sweep away a pack of unfounded gossip,” is not likely to occur before next Tuesday. The committee of 11 which the chamber of deputies Wwill elect to report an General Dubail's application will be unable to com- plete its work before that time. Its role is lusively to decide whether sufficient cause ‘has been shown to justifv the raising of parliamentary inviolability, SAFE. report sent out by the official Wolff telegram bureau of Berlin, stating that one of four machines participat- ing in a British raid over Esch, Lux- emburg, was manhed by an American that no aviator attached to the Ameri- can expeditionary force participated. The American possibly may have been an American in the British or French service. MAENNERCHOR TO HEILP. Hartford, Dec: 13.—The Schwae- bischer Maennerchor Inc., of Bridge- port has volunteered its service in a body and offered its organization to the state, as one of the Liberty Choruses that are being organized throughout Connecticut. The offer reported the Bridgeport chairman of the Liberty Chorus committee to- day wihout solicition and the ac- company letter of the offer expressed strong ‘“hope for the certain success of the efforts of those who will asso- ciate in this duty.” Thus far about 75 liberty chouses have been organized under the supervision of the state coungil aof defense. 13.—After laying | in Minneapolis | KORNILOFF WOUNDE MAY BE IMPRISONEL Cossack Uprising Reported to Havel Suppressed by Bolshevikd Forces—Railroad;, Employes Re- fused to Assist Counter-Revolu: tionists—Constitutional ‘Demomh Been Shorn of Voice in Government. GERMANY MAKFES NO PEACE OVERTURES Amsterdam, German peace conditions have / been submitted to the Russtan delegates, according to an offi- cial telegram recelved here from Berlin. Nothing has been discusséd except the armistice, up to this time. London, Dec. 12—General Kaornijlo wag defeated and wounded in a b tle between Bielgorood and Sumu, cording to a Petrograd despatch (i the Daily Mail. His capture is pected. It is probable, the despate adds, that the extremists will ture Rostov-on-the-Don. All si it is said, are that the Cossack rf will fail and they will join the Bolshes viki. # The despatch, which was filed Petrograd on Tuesday, reports th. Gen. Korniloff's forces, consisting of six trainloads of troops, were . tacked by the Bolsheviki supporfe The general's capture was expeg shortly, as he was said to have 2 surrounded. at Gen. Kaledines, the Cossack chief | attempted to send troops to aid Gen Korniloff but this project failed account of the refusal of the rafl) employes to carry the reinfe ments. Gen, Kaledines’ original of cutting off supplies from Masc and 'Petrograd proved to be imposs ble of achievement and the at of Cossacks to sever communicatl with Siberia also failed. b Michael I. Terestchenko, foreff minjster in the Kerensky governm and the other ministers interns the fortress of St. Peter ad St. bave sent through the command of the fortress to the professor of: tih constituent assembly a message tra ferring their mandates to the sembly, according to a Reuter spatch from Petrograd. in the sage they pointed out that they Hi fulfilled their duty to the end by <lining to enter into any relat with the usurpers who were bri { the country to ruin. . The Bolsheviki inténd to con the constituent assembly to be sulf servient to them, says the Pe correspondent of the Times. 3 quotes Pravda, the Bolsheviki orgi as saying: “The only constituent assemb which will be recognized by the men, soldiers and peasants is one gf ing them bread, peace and land. Thi nation recognizes only one law-—thi furtherance of its interests. who refuse to obey that law will compelled to submit by force."” Reign of Terror in Petrograd. In a long review of the Russi situation the Petrograd corresponder of the Post says there is no prospeq of a peaceful settlement and ' th henceforth force must decide ri The secret of the success througho the country of the Bolsheviki, writes is that they represent the fi hand. What is behind them is as undiscovered, but among the infiy tial members of their organization men who were prominent in thel litical police of the empire which @f ruled Russia. These men, are g ducing dissension right and left. continues: i “Although floods of indignation af being poured out daily on the Bolsh: viki, it is Relieved that th ar gaining ground in Russia simply cause they use a strong hand. “Their methods might horrify t west, but would be understood pe fectly east of the Suez. “For example in: the 1last - thi weeks there have heen taken Gut | the rivers and canals of Petrogfi 7,000 naked corpses of persons ! deaths were not caused by drowning The injuries whizh caused death their own story. A suit of clof nowadays in Russia is worth = me than handfuls of paper money. TH corpses of the women even had tH hair cut off, because it represen marketable value.” Referring to Siberia's declaratia of independence, he says the Siber troops are being re-organized und Gen. Pleskoff, one of their best kno officers. It is reported the Siberiad have declared in favor of a monarch The correspondent asserts that though the stories of activities '§ Cossacks in the southeast vary it certain they are standing for law am | 1 1 (Continued on Tenth Page)