New Britain Herald Newspaper, September 15, 1917, Page 6

NEW BRITAIN DAILY HERALD SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 15, 1917. ¥ Britain Herald. h D PUBLISHING COMPANY. Proprietors. at 4:15 p. ™., y (Runday excented) ‘;7 Church St. erald Buildin at the Post Office nt New Britain id Class Mail Matter. by carrier to any part of the clty 16 cente a week, 65 cents & montn. lons tor paper fo be sent by mail ible in advauce, 60 cents A month. & year. Iy profitabls advertlsing medium in ity. Circulation books and press alwavs open to advertisers. 14 will be found on sale at Hota- | J2nd St. and Broad- Board Walk, Ai- ’ ber of The Associated Pre The Associated Press is exclu- ‘ely entitled to the use for re- blication of all news credited it or not otherwise credited in s paper and aiso tie local news lished herein. To Swedish-Amc atever kindly feeling we Ay have toward the people of ‘eden, we say to them that un- s they choose to have a gov- ament in harmony with the as- tion of the free peoples of > earth, they mhst suffer the lnsequences of the actions of Sir ruler: As to us Americans Swedish blood, they are our ends in peace. But in war, if £h should come, they are our Bmies. i} —JOHN teans, LIND. THE NAMES, PLFEASE. 'y only son has gone to the colors. bnly son. The only thing I am " about is that he is my only son. ‘had ten more they would all go fht at his side.” is is the sallent sentence in a let- fritten to the Herald by a father {has seen his boy go wWith the & of Uncle Sam. Sad as it was ‘rt with his only boy, this Ameri- father found a greater sadness in 1aving other sons who might don lmltorm of Uncle Sam's soldier ] ry day that the war goes on out new sacrifices. Fathers, lers, sisters, wives, sweethearts, ! seen their loved ones go to the it o s Ao N lIn who have felt the heart-pangs ising a loved one. Yet, when it ! said and done, it is finer by far wve someone with the colors than 1d relation with a slacker. Not rget those who make this su- 1e sacrifice, send in the names of hose who are doing their bit. JUSTICE FOR ALL. iere is probably no city in the ed States that would he affected L draft of wliens as would un. The percentage of alien citi- | here is enormous. It has been hgly said that New Britain har- f every race of man on the earth | the exception of the Esquimo. | only of people because of climatic itions. knator resolution the drafting into the military ce of all friendly aliens the ed States will be of more than ng moment here. Under this the President is also authorized Inlist for non-combatant work all y aliens. That, too, would make fference in the working schedule ew Britain. We have the two s of aliens here,—enemy hadly,—with a preponderance New reason we have none is Chamberlain’s in is and of ving passed the Senate without 1l call it is presumed by those } know that this bill of the Ore- an statesman will little if difficulty in getting by the House. rding to the figure: have Senate by Senator Chamberlain e arc in this country i a quarter friendly 21d be subject to the draft, and 4 must the call to the s if this bill becomes law. Those i come under the head of enemy ns, and who would be set to non- ‘batant work with the army, are ibered as around eighty thousand. fhe. conscription of and dly aliens would apply only to e who have been in the country one year or more. In other words, foreigners who have foot ed States’ the jlve months exempted. other an account of themselves, and re either with the army or the ly. Such foreigners who come n countries having treaties with nation, the treaties forbidding the 'ting of such subjects, would be bn ninety days to leave the coun- Negotiations are now being en- one million aliens who answer enemy set on soil within would past be foreigners would have to presented to | { tered into with question to wave aside all claims for their subjects. Should this bill become law, as it ! most prohably will, the new national \ of the United States will be greatly atgmented. The old cry set up by native born Americans who re- sent being called while the foreigners stay behind will be obliterated. In L all, the drafting of allens, enemy and friendly, will be a good thing for tHe nation, regardless of the effect It will {undoubtedly bhave upon the labor market. The nation is now {and patriotic employers will put up various nations in ) army at war with an inconvenience if there is jus- tice alike for all—native and for- eigners. DOING ITS BIT. In the bulletin just issued by the Department of Commerce giving de- tails of various manufactories in this te it is shown that “the smallest percer of child wage earners in 1914 appear in New Britain.” This it should be. No figures are 1916, 1917, for the simple reason they are not compiled. It will that when the statistics for these later years are pre- sented New Britain will still main- tain This city led the way in dispensing with the labor of children. Its school sys- tem is builded upon that very princi- ple. Every is as given for be =seen, however, its enviable position. has what is This is the in- in the report of Department of Commerce, and which everyone here “In New Britain the 1909 and 1914 in value of products and in wage earners amounted to 5.5 per cent. and 6 per cent., respectively. The chief indus- tries of this city are the manufacture of hardware and of cutlery and tools. The value of the hardware made in New Britain in 1914 represented 38.5 per cent. of the total value of prod- ucts for all industries in the city, 31 per cent. of the value of the hard- ware manufactured in the state as a whole, and 12.2 per cent. of the value of that made in the entire United States. New Britain also reported a large output of wood scre but figures for the manufacture of these products, as well as of cutlery, can not be given without disclosing the operations of individual establish- man should know going or abeut him. formation dispensed the something should know: increases between ments.” That was in 1914. In this year of our Lord the story will be different. Although there are no figures now available it is known that New Bri- tain this year has surpassed all previ- It has earned its title of ‘“‘greatest hardware manufacturing center in the world”. What New Bri- tain is doing today for the national government in this war-time emer- gency cannot be told without giving away state secrets. Suffice it to be said that this city,—the fifth largest in the state of Connecticut,—is doing its bit. ous marks. GET OUT THE CANES. New Britain is one of the few cities of the nation where men do not carry It has been sald, presumably by those who know, that if a man ever walked down Main Street with a cane in his hand he would be mobbed. And why? canes. Is it a sin to carry a cane? Is is something that is not in keeping with the tenor of the city? Is it out of place? We think not. The members of the United States army have now heen formally intro- duced to the cane. It is not exactly what we could call a cane, since it is somewhat shorter than the average In a word, it “swagger stick.” Hereafter, the men of the Eighty-Ninth Division of the new National Army will carry these canes,—they are that. And this upon executive order of Major General Wood who is commanding that divi- These boys are training at Fort Funston, Kansas. “When leaving the reservation they carry either bamboo riding crops or lght canes;” “Enlisted men will be walking stick. is a sion. will says the order. encouraged to carry swagger sticks.’ Now why this? To be brief, the of these sticks keep the ands out of their pockets. If why not civilians? The cane is the proper and natural thing for a man walking along the street. This, whether the man be on Main Street, New Britain, or Broad- 3 There is no differ- | ence? The average male member of !the species does not know what to do with his hands. Especially is this so when he is walking or promenading We say, then, Britain men idea is to men's for soldiers, then, New York. a public thoroughfare. with all sincerity, New should wear canes. Sometimes you can judge a man's ! character by the way he sharpens a Watch out for the “nubby” pencil: point, A Cable Sccret Service. (Springfield Republican.) | Whatever the German experts may think of the United States as a mili- tary power. the German foreign office has some reason to be aware that we have a secret service. FACTS AND FANCIES. There is this about having a daugh- ter old enough to entertain a beau: It gives you a chance to work off the boyhood reminiscence your family long ago refused to listen to.—Pater- son Call. supposing a Japanese the Meanwhile, army should be on the way to The shortest book in the world would be “What I Do With My Spare Time,” by A. Kerensky.—New York Sun. If Germany is really melting up its bronze statues it is doing a service to art which. will offset some of the results of vandalism in northern France and BclgiumAfSprlngfield | Republican. The man who is always shouting for justice doesn’t always like it when he gets it.—New Haven Union. The mobs of Buenos Alres are also | giving evidence that what had been | unbelievable down that way of Ger- ! man government treachery and mur- derous abuse of hospitality has come under a full conviction of truth.-—New ! York World. Donald B. MacMillan, who has just returned from a four years’ stay in Arctic reglons, is ready to go back. Mr. MacMillan doesn’t say, but the as- sumption is that he prefers the Arc- tic regions to fool talk about the war. —Capper’s Weekly. How Did You Die? Did you tackle the trouble that came your way With a resolute heart ard cheerful? Or hide your face from the light of day With a craven soul and fearful? Oh! a trouble’s a ton or a trouble's an ounce Or a trouble is what you make it, And it isn't the fact that you're hurt that counts, But only, How did you take it? You are beaten to earth? Well, well, what's that? Come up with a smiling face, Its nothing against you to fall down flat But to lie there—that's disgrace. The harder you're thrown, why, the higher you bounce; Be proud of your blackened eve; It isn't the fact that your licked that counts; It's how did you fight and why. And though vou be done to death, what then If yvou battled the hest you could; If you played your part in the world of men. ‘Why, the critic will call it good: Death comes with a crawl, or comes with a pounce And whether he's slow or spry, It isn’t the fact that you're dead that counts, But only, How did you die? EDMUND VANCE COOK. (New York FEvening Post.) Apropos of a notice recently post- ed at Eton, declaring that inasmuch as certaln boys had raided one of the college boathouses and damaged various boats and sculls, and had resolutely refused to own up, it was necessary to levy a fine of a half- crown on every member of the schooi to pay for the damage, an English paper commends to the boys the de- vice of the reductlo ad unum. An excellent example of this can be found in Ian Hay's book on the English schoolboy. The headmaster there assembled the school in chapel as the result of the demolition of the [ornate and expensive lamp-posts in front of the mayor's residence. He wished to see after second school all the boys who had taken any part in the outrage, and he warned them that the culprits would he treated severely. The school rose and moved towards the wood, wondering that the head, ordinarily far from a fool, could imagine that the members would be such idiots as to confess. But before they had reached the door the head spoke up “I may men- tion that the attack upon the—er— lamp-post was witnessed by a gen- tleman resident in the neighborhood, a warm friend of the school, who identified one of the offenders, whose name is in my possession. That is all.” : After second school that afternoon he found 17 serlous-visaged young- sters waiting in his study. The reports from Washington fa- voring Senator Frank B. Brandegee's draft amendment authorizing the drafting of aliens for war service, and the resultant conclusion that when the next draft comes Connecti- cut is to get credit for men over drawn in this first draft, has caused profound satisfaction throughout New Britain and while it will not help the many young men who have suffered because of the lack of gov- ernment foresight and have had to go on the first call, it will make them feel better to realize that the ne: draft, when it comes, is to be fairer and that the aliens will probably have to take their chances with the native born. Never has New Britain been stirred up as by the draft which takes from its homes 513 able bodied American men, whil scores of aliens, hiding behind their own governments, are playing the part of the slacker and remaining at home to reap the benefits of jobs. In New Britain there are un- doubtedly proportionately more aliens than in any other city in the state and when it is considered that out of ages of 21 and 31, who were regis- tered on June 5 there were 50,000 such aliens the percentage in this city can he imagined. Of the registered here about fifty per cent. were said to have been aliens. Fig- relief of Petrograd.—Hartford Times. | ! ures show that throughout the state, and consequently in New Britain, the American youths were drafted to about 40 per cent. in excess of their proper proportion. It Is the purpose of the ‘Brandegee amendment to give each town and city in the state credit on the next draft, which many feel is sure to come, for the number over- drawn on the present draft. The lo- cal exemption boards, should the Brandegee amendment become effec- tive as indications point, will have lit- tle difficulty in rounding up the aliens, These men will be recalled from the carefully prepared records and re- examined. for exemption because of dependency and others would he certified for service. There is no doubt but what the manner in which the draft has worked out In New Britain hag caused some very: bad feelings and has teuded to cause bad bhlood be- tween Americans and aliens and the passage of a law such as is proposed by Senator Brandegee, who was ap- pealed to by Mayor G. A. Quigley when the quotas were first announced, would go far toward creating a bet- ter feeling. . And while Connecticut’s congress- men are doing their best to remedy the draft inequalities they might do well to glance over the population estimates, particularly that of the city of New' Britain. This place is furnishing a quota of men based on a population of 72,000 people. This is ridiculously high and to cut 10,000 off that estimate would not be under- estimating the population one bit. Should this be done it would mean .. that New Britain would have to furnish approximately 100 less men on a second draft.of similar propor- tions. .o The Berlin Fair soclety always seems to have a big pull with the weather man and it has been several years now since stormy weather has greatly hampered their efforts. It is doubtful, however, if the weather has ever been any better than during the past week for although the nights early in the week were a little chilly, the balmy air of the afternoons, not tao hot for comfort to those trudging along the midway, more than made up~for the difficulty. Now {§ the season of the Indlan summer, famed and fabled In press and verse. That most beautiful sea- son of the year when the blue, smoke- like haze hangs low over the hills, then the morning and evening atmosphere is touched with the first tang of au- tumn, when the pumpkins lay beside the withered cornstalks in the flelds like great golden globes, when the apples in the orchards obtain their first red tint of fall and when at mid- day, the sun, sweeping in its daily arec through the heavens, beams its warm rays over the countryside, glv- ing to all a last pleasant warmth, a hint of the summer just passed—such is the New England Indian summer. Then comes the autumnal season, considered by many as even prefer- able to the beautiful springtime. The wonderful tints to the leaves, the gold- en harvests days and lastly but by no means least, the delightful October moon, known as the Harvest moon. On such nights when the moon pokes its big red surface over thes eastern horizon, lighting up forest and field with its mellow rays is the time for the husking bhees. Although there are many of the younger generation who do not know the pleasures of these old time husking bees, and the joy of the one and the embarrass- ment of the other when the elusive red ear is found, generation can appreciate all the de- lights of such a season. Although the fakirs at the fair objected because, they said, all the crowd spent was their time, the jin- teurs did a land office business. One man with a little car of a well known variety, claims to have cleaned up an average of $10 a day, working from 2 until 6. Not such a bad invest- ment. is his idea. . The desk officer at the police sta- tion was busily scratching an entry on the blotter yesterday when the outer door opened wide and slammed shut. After a moment he looked up and saw no one. He thought it odd but continued to write. Presently the door opened again and slammed shut, Again the officer looked up and saw no one. It was getting on his nerves and he got up to investigate. As he started toward the door he found in front of the desk, their towsled heads barely touching the brass railing, two very young boys. They were barefooted, considerably soiled and much frightened. “Well boys, what can T do for you,” present 160,000 men in the state between the | 7,000 men | boomed the deck officer. Both gulped once or twice, lowed rather noisily and then | smaller one spoke. “Kin a guy keep a asked, alto voice. “Some guys do,” responded Dbluecoat,” Is it your turtle?’ The boy’s e bulged as he looked at his shivvering companion, then looked back at the expansive coat and brass buttons “Go on, tell ‘im"™ hitherto tonguc-ticd “I don’t own hin first speaker, “hut he ain’t got. no name nothin’ on and I'll take care of him and give him a good home, if vou want me to 1 wouldn't ’'a touched him honest, only he follered me." And therefore, it being frima facie evidence that the turtle had de liberately flirted with his new owner official sanction was given to the swal- the turtle?” he the suggested boy. announced foliowed me. He or license or the the 3oy Have you a little knitter home? Everybody's doing in your it. . . . Boggs must he dead. good | » It seems to be a continuous per- formance this postponing of the paving of Dwight street from Dwight Court to Market street. This is the second season that the work has been expected and now indications re that another winter will roll by with no improvements. . . % . What is a Jjazz dance? Is music These examined would he | given the usual ten days to file claims | those of an oldér) furnished by a jazz band? | we seek information. v On Tuesday evening the mayor and alderman will meet when, it is ex- Dected, a petition will be received | from Mrs. Mary E. Tracy for the | abatement of taxes on her farm, part of which is rented by the city at $10 per acre for a municipal farm. To abate the taxes for such an excuse as that would bring down the wrath of the taxpayers. would be perfectly absurd and would, some authority states, be illegal. . Frankly, .. During the past few months New Britain has been unfortunate In los- ing by death a number of her well known and reputable physicians and surgeons, several of them right In the prime of life. Dr. George Clary, the venerable civil war veteran, was the only onc of tlie five who have | passed on who had rounded out & long life of activity. Dr. Andzulatis died suddenly from pneumonia. Dr. Arvid Anderson, another skillful prac- titioner, succumbed quickly to the same disease. Dr. Kenneth E. Kel logez. a comparatively young man, dicd suddenly and now the recent dcath of Dr. Frederick W. Peck has cast a gloom over the medical pro- fession as well as his mary friends. Always regarded as a friendly, big heatered man, it was during the re- cent draft examination that Dr. Peck showed his genuine unselfishness. Tvery day during the long days that men were being examined, Dr. Peck sacrificed his personal interests and was ever at the beck and call of the exemption boards. He was generally the first doctor to arrive and the last to leave and finally he became such a reliable man that whenever a doc- tor was needed quickly the exemption board officials automatically said: “Call Dr. Peck.” He was a good man, a true Christian and a staunch friend. He will be missed. t . Heretofore painters, have seldom taken any medals for being subtle, but during the past week three of them were at work on and off decorating the appearance of a local store and when they stop- ped work they left a sign which ex- plained their entire day’s conduct. At intervals of half an hour during the afternoon one of the trio would leave the scene of color slinging and walk slowly away with a large tin bucket. Subsequently and in due time he would return with the aforesaid bucket, decorated with foam and held at a respectful distance. Fol- lowing this there would be a complete halt in the painting activities for fifteen minutes or so. At five bells the merry enamellers departed and left a warning sign near the door. It read— “Look out for the pint. . Colonel Jarvis in his speech at the fair on Thursday remarked that he was proud of New Britain. He then cited an instasce here where 147 aliens were rejected for army enlist- ment because they could not speak English. Evidentally the colonel be- lieves in the Blks' creed about bury- in the faults in the sand for he did not mention the hundreds of others who could speak English and did not hesitate to tell the exemption clerks that they were not going to fight be- cause they were aliens or subjects for a foreign power. as a class .. Changes in North End real estate are nowhere better reflected than the distribution, by sale, of the prop- of the Lee fam! one of the pio- neer settlers of New Britain. For the past several years the Lee property has passed into the hands of prac- tically new arrivals in America, whose forefathers were laying the founda- tion of FEurope's brawn when mem- bers of the Lee family were helping to develop what today is the greatest hagdware manufacturing city in the New World. Another property, ily possession since New Britain's birth, is now on the market. It con- sists of the block at the corner of Main and Lafayette streets, known as the Jeanette T, Lee estate. The cor- ner is one of the most important in the North End from a commercial viewpoint. It has historical associa- tiong through the names of streets in that vicinity although it is not on rec- ord that either Washington or Lafay- | ette ever visited in that section. Lafayette street is the melting pot of New Britain and throughout its length sons and daughters of many lands and climes pass their days in ! happy industry with their neighbors { from the other ends of the earth. The reasoh for naming the streets after Washington and Lafavette is obscure, but we draw our conclusions from this, which is a part of history: General Patterson was a graduate of Yale, and a lawyer by profession, and married a daughter of Josiah Lee, this city, and was one of the most noted men New Britain possessed in revolutionary times. He was Wash- ington's right hand man, and had it { not been a Washington, it might have heen a Patterson. We have digested the question in this way, and while we are not aware Washington or Gen. Lafayette ever visited this city, we know the Lees were here, and their intimacy with these noted people might have caused our city fathers to select these names, Lafayette and Washington street. Sales have been made of the Jean- nette T. Lee estate as follows: ette street was pur- d last year by B, Miller who has plans drawn for a three-story block, with three stores, which will improve Lafayette 'street. Property, 516 Main street, 25x100, known as the Boston Bakery, has been purchased by Max Zucker, deal- er in furniture, who will make many improvements, and perhaps run it up two stories higher. Property, 510% to 514 Maln street, 40-100, has been purchased by Miss Rosa Podesta. It includes the old brick house in the rear, and the first brick house built in the city and for- merly occupied by the late Lorenzo i P. Lee, first postmaster of this city, who received his commission under John Quincy Adams. in in the Lee fam- HOME READING COURSE FOR CITIZEN SOLDIERS Thirty daily lessons offered to men selected for service in Na- tional Army as practical help in getting started in the right way. .No attempt is made to give binding rules or directions, the course be- ing informal in tone. These lessons are s ed by the War Depart- ment which reserves right to roprint. LESSON NO. 29. WARFARE IN EUROPE. (Preceding Lessons: 1. Your Post of Honor. 2. Making Good as a Sol- dier. 3. Nine Soldierly Qualities. 4. Getting Ready for Camp. First Days in Camp. 6. Cleanlines in Camp. 7. Your Health. 8. March- ing and Care of Feet. 9. Your Equipment and Arms. 10. Recrea- tion in Camp. 11. Playing the Game. 12. Team Work in the Army. 13. Grouping Men into Teams. - 14. The Team Leaders. 15. Fighting Arms of the Service. 16. Staff Branches of the Service—I. 17. Staff Branches of the Service—IL | 18. Army Insignia. 19. The Army BSystem of Training. Close Or- der Drill. 21. Extended Order Drill. Guard Duty. 23. Get- ting Ahead in the Arn 24. Army Courtesy. 25. Discipline and Re- spect for the Colors. 26. Some Na- tional Traditions. 27. The Spirit of the Servict. 28. Why We Fight). In previous sections of this Course army life and service have been de- scribed without special reference to the changes brought about by the present war. There are important changes, and methods of training, and of fighting used in previous wars must, of course, be modified accord- ingly. The extent of these changes, how- ever, is often exaggerated. At bot- tom the qualities that make a good soldier or an efficient army remain the same today that they were be- fore the war. The changes that af- fect the individual soldier have to do chiefly with weapons. But behind every weapon there is a man. If the weapon is to be used ef- fectively, the man must be well tranied, disciplined, cool and brave. He must have spirit, tenacity, and self-rellance. The big problem now, just as in all other wars, is to de- velop these qualities—to their highest extent. The chief difference probably comes in the fact that self-reliance is a bigger factor than in most previ- ous wars. And in American armies this quality has always been highly valued and well developed. This brief lesson can not, of course, enter into a discussion of technical questions which belong in the field of military science. It will simply point out a few of the striking features of direct interest to every man who reaches the [ront. Character of Present War. This war differs from previous wars chiefly in the enormous increase in the use of artillery. This is due partly to the immense manufacturing resources of the countries at war, which enables them to produce great numbers of guns and great quantities of ammunition. new methods of directing gun fire from airplanes. It is evident that a gun can not be ascurately aimed at an object the exact locatlon of which is unknown. The airplane, however, is able to bring back or signal back this information, so that the artillery may now be used with much greater effect. The size of the guns and the force of the explosive shells fired from them have also been largely in- creased. Partly as a result of these im- provements in artillery, it has been necessary to develop better methods of protection. The protection of troops consists of digging stronger field entrenchments than have been necessary in previoas wars. Here we have the main reason for the so- called “trench warfare”, which dur- ing the last three years has largely taken the place of former methods of moving armies about freely until they came into conflict with each other. Digging trenches and throw- ing up breastworks for protection against the enemy’s fire is, of course, not a new thing in warfare. It is be- ing done in Europe, however, on a much higger scale than ever before. A complicated network of trenches now protects the men on both sides. The spade has become one of the sol- dier’s best weapons of defense. In seeking protection against heavy artillery fire a very interesting development has taken place. This is the use of varlous devices for con- cealing field guns and troops from the view of enemy airplanes. Sometimes trees are brought up and planted near the object to be hidden. Some- times the gun or other object has an awning spread over it which is paint- ed to look from above like grass or earth. For the same reason tents may be painted in greens and vellows. The chief improvement in methods of defending entrenched trogps is the increased use of machine guns. Ma- chine guns must be put out of opera- tion by artillery fire or by rifle fire directed aainst the gunners before in- fantry can advance directly against them. There has been also a great increase during the present war in the use of barbed wire in front of the trenches as a means of defense. Sim- ilar devices have been used in en- trenched positions for many years, but never on so large a scale. Through their use it is now known to be pos- sible to defend the front line positions with smaller bodies of men than were considered necessary duringthe earlier years of the war, thus consid- erably reducing the strain on the in- dividual soldier. Development of Afrplanes. The chief new instrument of war- fare developed during the present war is the airplane. As previously ex- plained it is used for scouting, di- recting gunfire, and dropping bombs. The scouting machine is usually equipped with a large camera which takes a series of pictures. When these pictures are developed and com- | pared day by day they give invalu- able information as to tke exact lo. It is due also to the | \ DOING HiS BIT EDWARD T. #ELT. Another young man who is doing his bit for Uncle Sam is Edward T. Felt, son of Mr. and Mrs. Edmund J. Felt of of 98 Lincoln street. He enlisted April, 1917 as a member of the naval reserves and is now stationed at New. Haven. Felt, who is but 21 years old has al$ ready derived an excellent education. He graduated from the New Britain High school in"1913 and was a mem- ber of the graduating class of ’17 at Dartmouth this year. Felt is one of the best known and most popular young men in the town, cation of troops, guns, and supplies. The scouting and bombing machineg, are usually protected by swift fight- ing machines. Airplanes have been used at times to descend close to the ground and fire from a machine gun upon bodies of troops. Another yvery interesting and prom- ising device is the “tank’—a heavily armored machine so constructed fihnt it can advance under its own power over almost any obstacles, and thue lead an attack on enemy trenches. It is armed with machine guns. Ar- mored motor cars have also been used effectively under some condi- tions. In the front line trenches men are often armed not only with rifie and bayonet, but also with bombs which can be thrown by hand or by may chine. Some of them are no larger than an ordinary lemon. Many men become extraordinarily expert in throwing these small bombs into ene- my trenches. They even become ex- pert in picking up enemy bombs be- fore they explode and throwing them back. Another weapon of the trenches in- trecduced by the Germans, in spite ofe international agreements to the con- trary, is poisonous gas. This was at first very effective, since no defense against it had been prepared. At the present time, however, each man in or near the front carries a gas mask, which enables him to meet an attack of this kind without serious Injury. Wonderful Staff Organizations. Back of the lines the organibatios of the staff branches of the service has been enormously extended. Rall- roads are constructed up to within a short distance of the front. Trans- port of supplies and ammunition by motor trucks has been organized on a big scale. The medical departments have also made notable gains W methods of treating wounded men, with the result that a very large per- centage recover. Even in the early months of the war it was announced that of the wounded actually treated in French hospitals 54.5 per cent. were returned to duty within a short time; 24.5 per cent. were sent home to complete their recovery and. later returned to duty; 17 per cent. at the time of making the report were stif! in hospitals, with the probability of’ complete recovery; 1.5 per cent. were unfit for further service; 2.5 per cent had died from the effects of their wounds. There is probably little basis for the idea that the number of casual- ties in this war is any greater, in pro~* portion to the number of men en- gaged, than in previous wars. In the French army during the last six months of 1916 (which included three big offensives) thc total losses In killed, wounded, and prisoners are officially reported to have been only 1.28 per cent. of the French forces under arms. One of the striking features of the war is the proof that has been giverm~ of courage and devotion to duty on the part of the men of all nations. As soldiers we must honor and strive to emulate the herolc bravery of those who are fighting the battle for de- mocracy and freedom. As soldiers we must recognize also the skill and courage of the enemy, even thougW’ they are shown in a bad cause. Noth- ing is gained by belittling the enemy. | It is our place rather to see to it that we develop among ourselves a still higher degree of the intelligence, spirit, tenacity, and self-reliance which alone can win victories. The war in Europe has brought forth changes and improvements, such as those just described, to which the soldiers of the National Arm! must quickly adjust themselves; but it has not changed in the least the qualities of body, mind. and heart, which in the long run are always the Lgreatest of all factors in warfare.