New Britain Herald Newspaper, April 27, 1917, Page 12

SVHEN. WHAT AND HOW OF GARDENING fiuable Advise to Those Wio Intend L Plant Vegetables “Because of the vast interest in agri- ture by the people generally, and substantial addition to the list of teur and professional gardeners .conservation of food supply or nply to supply the home table, di- jons relative to the preparing of nd, what and when to plant are rly sought. Many are planning Have gardens for the first time, ly only a backyard plot or upon d hired for the purpose. To them is much mystery in the proper dling of seeds, et Of particular ué and interest is “The Food Gar- ‘primer for 1917, published by National Food Garden ‘Commis- n of Washington, D. C., inugonjunc- Mon with the conservation depart- ent of the American Forestry Asso- lon. Timely slogans in the Hmer are ‘plant one million food rdens this vear,” and ‘‘plant a food Rrden now he introduction ds: . E In this vear of national peril the tivation of fcod gardens becomes patriotic duty of every citizen who ks the opportunity in this.way # aid i economié jgreparedness. (K The food not only, makes the ividual 1P Jargely. 48 dent. other supplics of Yood, But it takes from the rallroads a transporta- n laber that is needed for the ement of war supplies: and, ally important,, it allows the gen: 1 farmer®to devote more land to ing breadstuffs. - There are few, if any, citles which B not have enough vacant ground for 'who wish to garden. If the back d is too small to plant. there are mt lots to be improved by grow- vegetables. Dwellers in apartment es can co-operate in the tillage of larger \tracts and secure gardens a minimiym of labor and expense. ny persod, adult or child,” wha ks acgess to a plot of ground in any fgion where rain falls or water runs feupply pipes, possesses, together th his own arnis and brain, the entials for a successful garden, @ seeds and the tools he can ac- cheaply. All but a few have the mornings and evenings to give " cultivation which growing plants to the primer ot for foot, gardens in city or u vield ten’ to fifteen ~tfines ore_abundantly than farm land ‘ie- d to general crops. The', gar- is an intensive farmer on- a- iall scale. vegetables worth $100 at normal prices, while smaller tracts do even better. Under the caption: “How to have a good garden,” the following simple and direct explanations are given: Garden Plan. Have a plan for your garden— drawn an paper—before you start, to give proper order in planting and en- able you to buy the right amounts of seeds in advance when the sclectlon is good. Put small plants like beets, onions, lettuce, carrots, radishes, and pars- nips in rows that are fifteen inches apart; larger plants like corn, toma- toes, and potataes in rows thirty inches apart. Spreading ground-vines like melons and cucumbers need even wider space. The Soil. The back yarder must use the soil he has—but he can improve it if it is Stable manure will help even hest soil. You can not use too much ‘of it. Professional gardeners spread as much as six jnches in a single season. n \ Loam is the best garden soil. Sand with manure gives good results. Clay is hardest to work, but manure and vegetable matter—called humus— spaded in—gréatly improves it. Sifted coal ashes, no cinders, will help loosen up clay when mixed into it. Long unused land, especially under lawns, is usually sour, needing air- slaked lime, 1 pound to thirty square feet, raked in after spading. The sweepings of pigeon lofts or chicken coops make valuable fertilizer . for gardens. Preparation of Soil. 2 After the frost goes out of the ground test it by squeezing a handful of dirt- If it crumbles, the soil is ready for spading. . If it packs into a mud ball, the ground is still too wet. Spade deeply, up to 15 inches, un- less this depth turns up poor clay and buries the richer soil of the top. Powder the dirt deeply with a rake, breaking all clods under the surface. If clods are hard a lawn roller may crush them. Indoor Planting. Earlier crops can be secured by planting certain seeds indoors and set- ting the young plants out in the open garden after the weather be- comes warm. Such plants are to- matoes, cabbage, lettuce, caulifiower, peppers, and eggplant. Any wooden box, shallow and wide if possible, will make an indoor gar- den- in the bottom for drainage, and fill to the top with good soil. Rows of plants may be 1 or 2 inches.apart. Plant 8 or 10 seeds tp the inch, keep the sofl damp, and ‘set the box in a win . When the plants are an inch high pull most of them out, leav- ing the rest growing 1 or 2. inches apart. 5 Before ‘transplanting to the garden A half-acre pmd!fi:eslm the box - outdoors in mild weather Put 1 inch of gravel or cinders | R NEW BRITAIN DAILY HERALD, FRIDAY, APRIL 27, 1017, to harden the plants. Set out each better to soak the ground once a week plant with a ball of box dirt sticking | than to sprinkle every day. to the roots. Flower pots, home-made paper pots | and round, bottomless, paper bands | set on a cellar bench and filled with soil, are as good as seed boxes for. indoor gardening. ‘When to Plant. When heavy frosts are over, blant carly peas (the smooth kind,) onion sets (bulbs, not seeds,) early potatoes, kale and spinach. All of these will stand light freezing except potato plants, which must be covered with dirt when frost threatens, ‘When frosts are about over plant lettuce, radishes, parsnips, carrots, beets, late peas (wrinkled seeds,) and early sweet corn. ¥ When all frosts are over and applé trees are in bud, plant string beans land late sweet corn, and set out a from the indoor boxes. ‘Wthen apple trees blossom plant cu- cumbers, melons, squashes, lima heans and set out the rest of the indoor plants. How Much Seed to Buy. The following amounts of seed will | plant in each case a garden row 100 feet long. Measure your rows and buy accordingly. String beans, 1 pint; jima beans, 1-2 pint; cabbage, 1-2 ounce; carrot, 1 ounce; caullfiower, 1 packet; celery, 1 packet; all squash, 1-2 ounce; beets, 2 ounces; sweet corn, 1 pint; lettuce, 1-2 ounce; muskmelon, 1-2 ounce; cucumber, 1-2 ounce; eggplant, 1 packet; kale, or swiss chard, 1-2 parsléy, 1 packet; parsnip, 1-8 vegetable oysters (salsify) 1 onion 'sets (bulbs) 1 quart; onjon seed, 1 ounce; peas, 1 1-2 pint; radish, 1 ounce; spinach, 1 ounce; tomatoes, 1-8 ounce; turnip, 1-2 ounce. , 1 or 2 pecks of early potatoes and 1-2 to 1 bushel of late potatoes give enough seed to supply four persons. Laying Cff Rows- Straight rows add to the garden’s beauty and make gardening easier. Stretch a string between stakes and | follow it with the point of a hoe to |open up the row. Do not plant deep. The old rule is to plant to a depth of 5 times the size of the seed. Consult planting table (page 8) for depth. Hoeing. When you can see the green rows it is time to start hoeing. Never hoe deeply—1 inch deep is enough—but hoe frequently, and always after rain or watering as soon as the ground is dry enough. Frequént hoeing makes a dust layer | that prevents the soil underneath from- drying out. P % Sprinkling. . ' Rain water isthe best moisture for ! the garden because it contains am- monia, which fertilizes. ‘The dust cover will protect this rain moisture in normal seasons. If sprinkling must’ be done, it is RTUNATE hdeedhthemaflwhobuyshisOxfudsandhigh shoes from Newark Shoe Stores today, because by doing so his dollars will do double duty. And the only reason we can “Save-A-Dollar” and more for you on every pair now is because we had the foresight to place our coatracts before the enormous rise in prices took place. You still pay $2.50, $2.95 and $3.50 for Newark Smart Styles, and we offer a sistibly to - dress. critical men. Come tomorrow | selection of 237 models for Spring Summer that will appeal and irre- NEW BRITAIN BRANCH 324 MAIN STREET. ' NearR. R. Crossing Open Monday and Saturday Evenings 257 Stores in 97 Cities Worn and Praised by More Than Three Million Men few early tomato and cabbage plants | \it has formed solid heads. Special Directions. Beans String and lima beans are grown alike. There are two sorts of each— low bush beans and bean vines that climb poles. Pole beans are best for small gardens, Plant bush beans in hills a foot apart, 5 seeds to 1 to 2 inches deep. ‘When plants are 6 inches high pull out half of them. “Another way is to plant single seed 3 inches apart in rows. Plant pole beans in hills the same way, except hills must be 3 feet apart. Thin to 3 plants to the hill.” Before planting fix firmly in each hill a pole 5 feet long. Have two rows of hills and slant the poles so that each set of 4 may be tied together. at the top like an Indian tepee. Help the vines to start twining around the poles from right to left. Note: Plant lima beans with the “‘eyes” of the seeds downward. Beets Sow seed rather thickly in row, but thin the young plants by pulling until the survivors are 4 inches apart. The pulled plants make excellent green for cooking. 2 Cabbage. Set plants from indoor seed boxes or pots 15 inches apart in rows, the rows being 1 yard apart. Between these rows early lettuce, radishes, and other little crops may - be planted. Early cabbage should be plucked as soon as Late cab- bages may be stored in trenches and covered with straw and earth. Carrots. Sow keeds 1-2 inch deep, using 1-4 ounce to 25 feet or row. it roots are crowding each ather, Caulifiower. : Grown the same as cabbages ex- cept when the heads form, the loose outer leaves should be tied together over the heads to keep out light and bleach the “curd.” Celery. Sow seeds in seed boxes and set plants in garden in June or July, 6 inches apart. When plants are large heap earth around stalks to whiten them, Sweet Corn. Plant five or six seeds one deep In hills rounded up with the hoe three feet apart in rows three feet apart. When plants are four inches high pull out all but two plants in each hill. Make new plantings every two weeks so as to have corn in several stages of growth. ‘Cucumbers, Plant ten seeds one inch deep 'in hills four feet mpart. Later thin to two plants per hill. Do not plant until soil is warm and fronts are over. Hoe only until plants start to vine, ‘then pull weeds by hand. 2 Eggplant. Little plants from seed set two feet apart in rows. Lettuce, Saw seeds one-half inch deep in rows one foot apart, and later thin out until plants are six inches apart. Provide occasional shade for plants on hot summer days. Muskmelon. Grown like cucumbers except hills must be six feet apart. Onions, Onions will grow from from bulbs, called sets. three inches apart in rows a foot apart. This is for early green onions. For winter dried onions plant seeds rather thickly 3-4 of an inch deep in rows and thin the plants later to three inches apart. Oyster Plant. Called vegetable oyster, and saslify. Grawn like carrots except that plants must be thinned to threeinches apart. Parsley. Sow seeds thinly one-half inch deep, later thinning plants when they crowd each other, inch boxes are seeds or Plant sets Parsnips. Sow seeds thinly 3-4 of an inch deep in rows 1 foot apart and later thin plants to 3 inches apart. Peas. Peas should be planted at the bot- tom of trenches 4 to 6 inches deep, the seeds being covered with 2 inches of soil. From 1 to Z pints of seed will plant 100 feet of row. As the plants grow gradually fill in trench around the stalks. Let the vines grow up on brush or poultry wire. The rows of peas should be 3 to 4 feet apart, but it is desirable to plant double rows 1 foot apart, placing the brush between these rows. _Plant peag in 2-week intervals to give a contin- uous crop. Peppers. Set young plants from seed box 18 inches apart in row. Potatoes. Plant potatoes in a trench 6 inches deep, spacing off hills 16 inches apart. Rows should be 3 feet apart, and 2 or 3 pieces of potato should be drop- ped in each hill. Cover seed with 2 inches of soil and fill in the dirt around the stalks as the plants grow. Potatoes need frequent shallow hoe- ing. It the seed potatoes selected are emall they may be planted whole, but if large they should be cut into pleces with 2 “eyes” in éach piece. Radishes. Planted and grown the same as carrots. Spinach. Sow seeds thickly 1 inch deep in rows 1 foot apart. Squash, Grown the same as cucumbers or muskmelon, except that the hills of hubbard squash should be 8 to 10 feet apart. Tomato. Set out young plants from seed boxes 18 inches apart and support them later with stakes driven into the ground. Rows should be 3 feet apart. Turnip. Plan 1-4 ounce of seeds to 50 feet of row, sowing them 1-2 inch deep; rows 1 foot apart. Thin only |. 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