New Britain Herald Newspaper, March 20, 1917, Page 6

. ALD PUBLISHING COMPANT. Proprietors. M daily (Runday excepted) at ¢:15 p. T Heraid Bullding, §7 Church 8t b at the Post Office at New Britain &8 Second Class Mail Matter. by earrier to any part of the city for 15 cents a week, ic & moath. % Iptions for vaper to be sent by ma 3 In advance. €0 ceiits & month. the city: Toom always open to advetisers. will be found on_sale at Wota- News Stand, 42nd 8t. and Broad- ' wap, New York City: Board Walk, At- lantic City, and Hartford Depot. Lot our object be our country, whole country, and nothing 6ur country. 4 —DANIEL WEBSTER. ——e THE SPECIAD SESSION. ) all intents and purpose Ger-. P is at war with the United _ American ships have been n lives have bien lost. nor has been trampled ‘Al by Germany. The extra- mession of the Congress, 1 16, will have to. deal U MY ices up to ! of “other American it will declare war upon ) 'that has waved aside all of friendliness. If the sixty- “Congress needs a precedent it look to no other than the sev- Congress. 'When Henry Clay of the House of Repre- ives he lost no time in grafting ution that formally brought ‘mation to war with England. p Clark can look to no better dent Wilson has done all in power to keep this nation out RE. From the very outset of the struggle he saw the possi- s that confronted us. He saw )re was ever a chance of the States ng involved so Americans exercised their to travel on the high seas He “on all ‘his negotiations with opean powers with the one fn view,—to keep us out of the (1t he falls in this end it will th no fault of his. He has ed with Germany. He has in vain for an abandonment less submarine warfare. He ured pledges from the Impe- ernment. All to no avail die is cast. Germany is every offense which civilized for all time have fought wt. She is waging war on the i States. It is a one-sided war. jnot remain so much longer. " . session of Congress is or- ‘geft month. It. may be isooner. When it is called the fmaust be evened. F S S, ING ,THE GAP. every day that prolongs this e comes a widening of the ‘een Germany and the United Those who wield the power the throne in Imperial Ger- ve totally misunderstood the les upon which this nation was The imperial mind has to grasp, if it ever could grasp, ;‘Q\h of a pation governed by ple. Having dealt all along b the master diplomats of such as , Russia, Greece, and here peoples are subjected to tes of a king or emperor ¢ n Department of State has pr known there is such a thing as I8d of government who will not *'_mph in private bargaining. #he overthrow of the Romanoft in Russia the real intriguing ny has been unearthed, even of it was exposed by the Zim- appeal for an alliance be- b Japan and Mexico against the [ States. e are the things that have the eyes of people in an en. eied. country. Perhaps the popu- ‘of “Bulgaria is not aware of pin and. political scheming. eople of Russia are not iare of the portents of such tons, although they are wrapped up and concerned . Perhaps the people of Ger- ‘en do not know to what ex- Hohenzollerns will work their _gelfish ends. Perhaps the peo- “the dual monarchy are not alive scheming of the Hapsburgs, were, there might be an up- in these countries even as great, @reater, than that which took Petrograd and other places within _the past fortnight. - have mnot.yet fully awakened to their powers. As the rulers of these Teutonic-—countries: have always misunderstood ‘American liberality, so the people under them have misunderstood the motives which prompt the mind of royalty. Some day there will be a great awakening. By all that has happened in the past, the deep sympathy of the United States has bcen allenated from ‘the cause of Germany. When the war broke out, two and a half years ago, the average man in the street here was somewhat in favor of Germany winning the war. This was because of ‘the past record of England in her re- lations with the United States, His- tory brought up many reasons why the people of this. country. could not be totally behind the English. That ‘'was at the beginning. As the war gradually wore on, things changed. German . frightfulness, first experi~ . NEW BRITAIN' DAILY court in'this land. - That.the:Supreme Court upheld the brotherhoods in their conterition, that the very law which the brotherhoods feared would not be recognized is now declared to be constitutional, must be & further source of annoyance to the men too impetuous 'to wait for law and reason. The decision of the Supreme Court is one of -the most sweeping ever given by that tribunal. In the daysto come it must surely figure as the basis for other important rylings in the regula- tion of interstate commerce. The ceurt holds that Congress is given un- qualified power. to ‘regulate interstate commerte, thag its power to establish the eight hour standard is so clearly sustained as ngt to . be disputable. The decision of’ the court is not 1n exact keeping with some of the as- sertions ;made by the Honorable Charlcs E. Hughes in the ' late la- enced by ‘this country in the sinking of the Lusitania, began to ofi-set the old ‘crimes of Great Britain. Big as the sins of Gfeat Britain loomed in the past, they became totally obliter- ated when: the slaughter of innocent men, women and¥ children on the high seas was pressed by Sermany with relentless: vigor. The only ones then who were willing to make excuses for this wilful murder were those who ‘were born and raised' on German sofl, those who had not become acclimated, 80 to speak; to the American methods Of goveérnment. Now, ‘even the ‘sons and daughters of Germany in ' this country are unable to further pailiate the crimes of those who direct the government of Germany. The sink- ing of the tliree American ships,—the Tlinois, the City of Memphis, and the Vigilancia,—came as the: last ‘straw. There was no reason in the world for | Q«ndlng these ships to the bottom. Two of them were returning to Ameri- ca in ballast. They carried no car- goes. They were American .ships, fiying the American flag, and manned by American crews. The sinking of such vessels without warning and the attendant loss of lives were nothing short of wilful murder. That they ‘were committed in the face of obliga- tions to international law and human- ity bexno:lks the perpetrator of the deeds an outlaw amiong nations and an outcast from society. Such deeds as have been recorded against Germany have come about ‘| because of the great 'misunderstanding which is harbored in the minds of those men who have always had their own way in the government of their People. The House of Hohenzollern operates under the belief that it is ap- po_lmed by Almighty Godl te carry.out His. mission on earth. 'The “Divine Right of Kings” is the first and fore- most principle upon which this House was builded. Those who disagree with such a doctrine ‘have no place in the empire over. which the House pregides. The people who live in that land have always been - subjected to | thé absolutism of the Kaiser and those who are his official advisors, just as 4he people in Russia were always under the thumb of the Czar, The only difference has been that the rank and file of German people were more highly educated than their Russian neighbors, what though education in Germany has always been under the direction and supervision of imperial pedagogues. For. the people who have been under this influence the sons and daughters of American liberty have held the highest sympathy. As the people oni‘these shores have come to know the meaning of true political liberty they have manifested a broad spirit of tolerance for the folk of all nations. . They have wished that the entire nations of the earth might be brought to the democratic way ! of thinking. ‘The mere fact that they have thought thesc things places them at one and the same time against all moparchial rule. The King of Eng- land is just as displeasing in the eyes of Americans as the Czar of Russia or the Emperor of Germany, eyen though the English throne is not any- where near as powerful as the thrones of Austria-Hungary - and - Germany. These two are the last words in ab- solutism. The men who occupy chairs on or near the thrones of those lands can never bring themselves to under- stand America. They can never know how any nation can exist that is gov- erned for the people, by’the people. And not knowing these things, they are not in sympathy with America. To them this nation is an enigma. It Wwill always remain so as long as princes and potentates flourish. And | the gap between autocracy and democracy will widen until the day | finally arrives when a real lesson must be taught the selfishly blinded occu- | pants of European thrones, | THE EIGHT HOUR LAW. Almost at the very moment the United States Supreme Court handed down its opinion declaring the Adam- son IFight Hour Law canstitutfonal, | the four railway brotherhoods and thel railroad managers came to an agree- | ment to call-off the strike. It was a ' dramatic close to a situation which will ever prove embarrassing to those men of the brotherhoods who refused to wailt for the decision of the highest mented campaigh; but the - United States Supreme Court is not in the political business. Nor is the decision of this court exactly what those who condemned President Wilson for bringing about the Eight Hour Law hoped it would be. ‘The President is proven to have been right all alang, as time will prove him right in other things. The sovereignty of Congress in mat- ters relating to Interstate commerce is firmly established. It has the power to fix a standard of hours in which certain work may be done. It has likewise the power to fix a stan- dard of wages; but these powers are valid only in matters of interstate commerce. ' When a private right is not exercised ‘for the benefit of the ‘public, when either the railroads or the .men who operate them fail to take.into consjderation the harm they might work on the people .of the United States, Congress has-the power to step in and sax just what shall be done” in any given dispute. . The Supreme Court holds this to be within the powers of Congress, No indi- vidual dispute or difference shall hereafter bring ruin to the vast in- terests concerned. Speaking aside: from the decision Chief Justice White hinted that even the right to. strike tan be denled to the employes of** business charged with a public in- terest,* if Congress but establishes that as law. Thus while the brother- hoods are victorioug over the roads they probably have issued’their last threat against the safety of the natlon, Not Yet Spring. (Robert Bridges). Hark, the merry birds, hark how they sing! Although ’tis not yet spring . And keen the air; Hale Winter, half resigning ere he go, Doth to his heiress show His kingdom fair. in patient russet in his forest spr{end, All bring with bramble red, ¥ 'With beechen moss And’holly sheen; the oak silver and stark Sunneth his aged ‘bark And wrinkled moss. But ’'neath the ruln of the withered brake 3 - Primroses now awake From nursing: shades; The crumpled carpet of the dry leaves brown 3 Avails not to keep down ° The hyacinth blades. The hazel hath put forth hie tassels ruffed; v The willow’s flossy tuft 2 Hath slipped him free; The rose amid her ransacked prange 3 hips, . Braggeth the tender lips, Of bowers to be. A black rook stirs the branches here and there, Foraging to repair ' His broken home; And hark, on the ash boughs! thrush did sing Louder in praise of spring, When spring is come. FACTS AND FANCIES, Connecticut was scarcely to be dis- covered on the map in 1898. She is the big yellow spot on the map in this year of our Lord. 1917. She's doing things.—New Haven Journal-Courier. Agents are to be sent here from Canada..to securé farm laborers, it is sajd. They will come to a very poor place to get them, if they do.—Sche- nectady Gazette. 5 It begins to look as if those who criticized’ Cong. Gardner for present- ing the need of preparedness in em- phatic terms a year or so ago, ought now to come forward and apologize.— Norwich Bulletin. Recent devclopments on the Somme front put the .kaiser three miles farther away from that long delayed dinner in Paris.—Springfield Union. Chicago has a school of robbers, we are told. Reports don't specify whether it is a school for dentists, plumbers or lawyets.—Milwaukee News. The wire nets across the mouths of American harbors seem entirely un- | necessary since American vessels are making no .effort to escape.—Nejg London Day. One reason for the German retreat in the west is that most of Hinden- bura’ scem (o be secretly mobil- @ Mexico and Cuba.—New York dard. | " Dismissal of about 500 railroad in- HERALD, TUESDAY, Star Spangled Banner” as the nation- al anthem. it forbids United States regimental bands playing the anthem as part of a medley.—Winsted Citi- zen. The lady bank clerk* had completed her first week and a friend asked her how she liked the work. “Oh it's beautiful!” said the girl. ““I'm at a branch where nearly .all the people we know have accounts, and it's so nice to see how little money some of your friends have in the bank,’— Manchester’ Guardian. What a start for a mystery story! A boy applies to the police of a little New Jersey town for shelter, and they find in his cléthing a sketch plan of the Brooklyn Navy yard with “ex- cellent drawing to scale of buildings and their positions in the yard.” The boy had lost his way. Where was he headed for, CONAN DOYLE?—New York Sun. B COMMUNICATED New Britain, Conn., - Do March 19, 1917, To the Lditor of the Herald: ‘The writer would like to correct an article in your Issue of Saturday, wherein ig stated that a recent sale of property ‘between Mrs, Edmund Gor- man and C. C. Beach of Black Rock avenue, was made “through the Camp Real Estate Co, Mr. Herbert Camp of the Camp company, who gave the item to your reporter had no right to claim this sale, and had no more to do with it than you did. This statement will be certified by 'Mrs. Gorman, or Mr. Beach if necessary. The writer has never asked, or re- ceived any assistance in selling real estate, and this sale I made at my own home, where I have a temporary office since my recent accident, with the 'assistance of a stenograpfier twice' a 'day. . I don’t Tequest this correctian be cause I feel sore, but I am not in the habit of stealing other people’s thunder, especially when . the other fellow is down, (but not out.) . T. W. O'CONNOR, NATION'S WELFARE HUNG IN BALANCE Adamson Law Decision Silver Lining to Industrial Cloads Washington) March 20.—Decision by the supreme court, upholding the constitutionality of the Adamson eight-hour railréad law, brings to a conclusion one of the greatest legal battles, engaged in by organized la- bor, of modern times and ends a sit- uation that tfireatened to disrupt the commerce and manufacturing enter- prize of the nation. National enforcement and opera- tion of the Adamson law, enacted by congress last September when nation-wide raflroad strike threatened paralysis of "transportation, was sus- pended awaiting the supreme court's decision upon fts constitutionality. National effect, it was agreed, rested upon disposal of the single test case of the Missouri, Oklahoma & Gulf rail- rodd, chosen by the railroads and de- partment of justice to determine, for the whole country, the issues. ! Involved were vital public and private interests, present and future, including those of American railroads aggregating 250,000 miles and prop- erty interests of $5,000,000,000, to- gether with those of 400,000 railroad employes, one-fifth of the total. Also involved was future limit of public regulation and private operation of common carriers, with boundaries of yegulatory legislation by congress. A ‘decision upholding as constitu- tional all features of the Adamson act entailed: Permanent 3 establishment of a workday of eighg hours as a measure or standard of cRiculating wages and service of train operatives. Temporary but immediate increases of about 25 per, cent, in wages, during not less than seven nor more than eleven months beginning January 1 1ast, of about 400,000 trainmen, most- 1y of the “Big Four” brotherhoods of engineers, firemen, conductors and brakemen and those principally in freight service. Comparatively few passenger trainmen were given im- mediate benefit by the law. g Cost to the railroads of such tem- porary increases of from $40,000,000 to $50,000,000, as estimated by the railroads, or about $20,000,000 as es- timated by the brotherhoods. Future additional cost of a permaneat 8-hour day scald was estimated by the rail- roads at $100,000,000 annually, with prospective additional wage demands from 1,500,000 other employes not benefitted by the Adamson law. Vast extension of congressional au- thority in federal regulation of common carriers, with power to au- thorize wage fixing by the interstate commerce ommission, Future negotiations between rall- roads and trainmen of new wage sales based upon the: 8-hour-day stan- in virtually every junction suits, to enjoin the federal district court, law’s enforcement. A decision holding the whole law unconstitutional, involved: Curtailment of congress' power, possibly forever, in regulating inter- state.commerce,*with limitations upen public regulation. as distinguished from private operation of ‘common carriers. Prevention of, passage by congress of the bill authorizing the I. C. C. to fix railroad employes’ wages like rates are regulated. Tssuance of injunctions in every Evening Post. The war department has just issued an order officially designating “The s federal court, in the railroads’ 500 odd sults, permanently enjoining enforce- ment of the law by the federal au- thorities. MARCH 20, 1917, The temporary wage increase, in- sttution of the permanent “8-hour standard and all litigation, by formal agrecment between the railroads and departments of justice, have been held in abeyance pending the court’'s de- cision. However, the rallroads have been keeping special account ‘of in- creases due since the Jaw became ef- ‘fective January 1, with a view to prompt payment upon a ruling up- holding the statute. A decision upholding the - 8-hour standard, it was admitted, would not ba: trainmen from working more than 8 hours. a day, but merely en- title them to pro rata overtimme pay. Also such a ruling entailed making of entirely new wage agreements for all trainmen affected, by private ne- gotiation, as to the “amount of wages which shall constitute an 8-hour ds standard. P The federal hours of service .&ct, prohibiting continuous employment regardless of the decision upon the Adamson law. Ly Entitled “An act 4o establish an elght-hour day for employes of car- riers engaged in interstaté and for- eign commerce, and for other’ pur- pcses,” the law was made; effective January 1 and comprised four sec- tions. Briefly, the “first section, pro- viding the ‘permanent 8-hour wage standard, declares ' that eginning January 1eight hours shall; in con- tracts for labor and service, be deemed a ‘day’s work for the purpose of reckoning compensation of all em- ploy . . now or hereafter employed by any common carrier by réaliroad . . . acutally engaged in any capacity in the operation of trains.” Railroads not morz than 100 miles long and independently owned, and electric street and interurban rail- rcads were excepted. " Section 3, especially assailed by the tial commission of three, now head- ed by Major General Goethals, to investigate and report to the presi- dent and congress the “operations and effects of the institution of the 8- hour standard workday. and the facts and conditions affecting the re- Jutions between such common car- riers and employes during. . . six to nine months.” A report within 30 days after that period, discretionary with the commission, was ordered, the temporary increased wages re- maining in effect still another 30 days. s jection 3, especially asasiled by the raiiroads as vold, providing the tem- porary increase, states: “Pending the report of the com- mission and for thirty days there- after the compensation of railway em- ployes subject to this act for a stand- ard 8-hour workday shall not be re- duced below the present standard day's wage ,and for all necessary time in excess of elght hours such employes shall be paid at a rate not less than the pro rata for such stan- dard -eight-hour workday.” Section 4, prescribing penalties, de- clares: “Any. person violating any provision of this act shall be gullty of misdemeanor and upon conviction shall be fined not less than $100 and’ not more than $1,000, or imprisoned not.to exceed one year, or both.” The Adamson act was one of six in the legislative prograp presented by President Wilson to congress in his message of August 29 after the strike had been called and after con- ferences failed to bring a settlement, and when railroads were directing freight embargoes in anticipation of strike. _Other legislation recom- mended included reorganization and enlargement of the Interstate Com- merce commission approval by con- gress of increased rates to meet the increased wages proposed; public in- vestigation of labor controversies be- fore strikes or lockouts, and vesting the president with authority to oper- ate railroads in case of military ne- cessity. All these have been com- sidered by congress except’ the pro- posed rate increase, which the pres- jdent withdrew in his opening mes- sage to congress last December. The house voted 239 to 56 on Sep- tember 1 to pass the Adamson bill. Seventy republicans voted with dem- ocrats in its favor. Two democrats, Representatives Black of Texas and Steele, of Towa. voted against it. On Soptember 2, the bill passed the sen- ate, 43 to 28, Senator La Follette, ‘Wisconsin, republican, joining the democrats, and senators Clarke of Ar- kansas, since deceased, and Hard- department of justice contended briet- ly, that the Adamson act Is oconsti- tutional and.enforceable, both as an “hours of service” and. wage - fixing statute, under Corigress’, broad and supreme constitutional authority to regulate. interstate commerce Power of congress to fix wages and also to prevent srikes, in insuring unobstruct- ed transportation and movement of commerce, was especially maintained. The rallroads contended, generally that the act 1s void because grossly in excess of congress’ commerée régu- lation authority. They asserted also that it 1s indefinite uncertain, unwork- able, incapable of application without Judicial interpretation; fixes no stand- ard for computing the mount of ‘wages, is a mere temporary expedient and experiment, interferes with con- stitutional liberty of contract takes rajlroad property without * process of law” - Also they' insisted it is class legisiation, benefiting only 15 ‘per cent.—and those the highest pald—of raliroad employes, and pre- scribes excessive penalties. The roads denied that congress, in regulating commerce, has the right to fix em- ployes’ wages; contended tHat the law is “solely and primarily” a wage fix- ing:law and not limit employment to 8 'Hours daily. Especially the rail- roads attacked section 3 of the bill, providing for the immediate tempo- Tary increase, as taking of property without due: process of law. Power of congress to fix wages was the basic principle contested.. The department of justice maintained that for public interest in unobstruct- ed - traneportation, in efficient, safe train operation by conseérving energy of operatives and having them pald fair wages. Congress has authority to fix hours of labor and wage standards. To the charge that the temporary increase takes railroad property with- out “due process,” the federal author- ities contended congress has such pow- er in preventing stoppage of com- merce by a strike or otherwise! Dis- turbance of existing wage contracts and negotiation of new ones, it was in- sisted, should not render the law void, congress’ authority being supreme. That the law is workable and con- ceded by the railroads so to be was asserted. By substituting an-8-hour standard *for the present - general freight service standard of “ome hu dred miles or less, ten hours or I as a day’s work, the federal attorneys said the law could be made operative either by speeding up trains to cover the 100 miles in. 8 hours or by: payi overtime. Formulas to put this 12 miles per hour “speed basis” into ef- fect were submitted to the court for poseible adoption in 'construing ‘and giving effect {0 the law. Discrimiination in ‘favor of train operatives only and the best paid of these was said not to be arbitrary and the penalities not unreasonable. ‘Wage regulation, the railroads con- tended, was beyond congress’ author- ity and not analgous to its rate regu- lating power.. - Actual increase in rates must result from wage increases, -the railroads declared. Extension of congressional authority to wages, they charged, would impair rights of private operation and also interfere with ‘freedom of contract. ¥ In.the litigation, the federal gov- erriment was represented by Solicitor General John W. Davis, Assistant ‘Attorniey General G. Carroll Todd and E. Marvin Underwood, and Frank Hagerman of Kansas City, Mo., a spe- clal assistant. The railroads’ repre- sentatives were Walker D. Hines, chairman of their general committee of counsel;-John G. Johnson of Phila- delphia, and Arthur Miller of Kensas City, attorney for the Missour), Okla- homa and Gulfreceivers. TEAR DOWN KAISER'S PICTURE. Washington High School Pupils Re- - place It With Wilson's [ - Washington, March 20—Students in the Central High schiool here yeater- day tore down from the walls of a class room a picture’ of Emperor Willlam of Germany and hung in its place a photograph of President Wil son, decorated with two American fagn. The emperor’s likeness disap- peared before officers. of the schoal cadet corps had an opportunity to present-to Miss Marie Siebert, teach- er of German, a resolution protesting against the presence of “a murder- er's picture,” and demanding its re- wick of Georgla voting with 26 re- | moval. publicans against it. Th brother- hoods’ strike order was recalled that day and the president signed the measure the next day, Sunday, Sep- tember 3, and again on September 5. Early last November injunction sults were filed by various railroads in virtually all federal district courts to enjoin’ the law’s enforcement. The present test cast. brought by Alex- ander New and Henry C. Ferris, re- ceivers for the Missourl, Oklahoma & Gulf railroad. was agreed upon to de- termine nation-wide constitutionality and operation of the law. ex- pedite such determination, the case was submitted without srgument to Federal Judge Willlam C. Hook at Kansas City, Mo. On Nov. 22, two days after the suit was filed. Judge Hook Held the law “ynconstitutional, null and vold.” and gave a decree permanently enjoining U. 8. Attorney Wilson from en- forcing it. Judge Hook dismissed the bill as to brotherhood officers named defendants and ordered the railroad to co-operate in expiditing the ap- peal of the department of justice ‘to the supreme court. He also ordered the ralrioad to keep account of wage increases due under the law, to insure prompt_payment folldwing a decision upholding its validity. The federal appeal was fleld in the supreme court November 27 and the court assented to expedition of the hearing, three dys of arguments fol- lowing, January 8 to 10. Pendin the decision, the department of justice and railroad attorneys formally stipu- lated that the 500 odd injunction suits should not be pressed that the federal authoritiés would not attempt to en- force penalties for non-observance and that the railroads would keep account of wage increases due from January 1. The railroad brotherhoods were not parties to the stipulation nor to the suit, and had no attorneys participat- ing In the supreme court arguments. In appeal to the supreme court, the . Harry Roper, 15-year-oid son of Daniel C. Roper, recently appointed €2 the tariff commission, led the agi- tation begun several days ago against the picture by turning its face to the wall several times. Miss Siebert, who is an American citizens, insisted that it should remain, saying that she in- tended to use it to illustrate a lecture. Then the cadet officers interested themselves and they were ready to act today when other students en- teted the room during a recess and ‘made thie ‘substitution. School authorities are investigating the incident. ‘Wants to Divide Ilinols. (Milwaukee Journal) An Illinois legislator wants to divide his state Into two, one to consist of Chicago, the other to be the rest of the state. Oddly enough, the proposal comes from Chicago. It would seem more natural that the great, prosper- ous prairie state of Illinois would like to be freed of the incubus of a city that had grown too fast to know how to behave: free to make its own laws, without the everlasting trnding that goes on for things wanted by Chicago. When a city grows bigger than the rest .of the state put together, the city ought to have home rule—and so ought the rest of the state. For our- selves, we have always thought it a pity that the northern third of .Indi- ana and Illinois couldn't be one state and the southern.twosthirds another. That would relieve Indiana politics of the kind of city there is going to be along Lake Michigan from the Illinois to the Michigan boundary line. ¢ A Diflicult Job. (Chicago Herald.) Knicker—Has Outlate longfelt want? Bocker—Ye: the small hot bird with the pigeon. found a he is trying to cross ‘homing YOKE 1S ABSOLUTE Provisional —Government Hales Program Known to People London, March 20.—Thls manifestd’ hag been issued by the Russian provis sional government to the nation, acs, cording to the Reuter correspondent in Petrograd: *‘Citizens: ~The great work has’bees accomplished. By a powerful strokeé the Russian people have overthrows. the old regime. A new Russia is born,: This coup d'etat has set the keysto: upon long years of struggle. § “Under pressure of awakened na-i tional forces, the act of Oct. 30, 190 promised Russia constitutional libe; ties, which were never put into exe- cution. The first duma, the mouthpleos of the national wishes, was dissolved. Thx second duma met the same u: and the government; being powerl to crush the national will, decided by the act of June 10, 1917, to deprive thd people of part of the legislative rights promised them. “During the ensuing ten years !IN&‘ government successively withdrew ‘ from the people all the rights they had . . won. - The country was again throws into the abyss of absolute ruin and} administrative arbitrariness. AN af i tempts to make the voice of reason heard were vain,'and the gwgat worldi struggle, into which the country was plunged, found it face to face with moral decadence and power not united with the people—power indifferent to the country’s destinies and steeped in vices and infamy. b “The heroic efforts of the army, crushed under the cruel weight of in- ternal disorganization, the appeals of the national representatives, who were united in view of the national danger, were powerless to lead the emperor and his government into the path of union with the people. Thus when Russia, by the illegal and disastrous acts of her governors, was faced with the greatest disasters, the people had to take the power into their own hand. “With unanimous revolutionary . spirit, the people,’ fully realizing the seriousness of the moment and firm will of the Duma, established & provisional government, which siders that it is its sacred duty realize the national desires and lead the country into the bright pathiof free civil prganization. 'The govern- ment believes that the lofty spirit of patriotism which the people have shown in the struggle against the regime will also animate our gall soldlers on the battlefields. ~ Ty Vigorous Prosccution of War. . . “On its slde the government ‘m do f{ts: mtmost to: providé the ‘with evervthing necessary to bring the war to a victorious conclusion. The government will faithfully observe all alliances uniting us to other powers ¥ and all agrecments made in the past. [ Al ¥ H TSNASHING OF CZARS .o o “While taking measures indispens: ‘3 sable for the defense of the country’ ! against a foreign cnemy, the govern- ment will consider it its first duty to grant to the people every facility’ to express its will concerning the po- litical administration, and will con- voke as soon as possible a_consiituent 2 assembly on the basis of universal suffrage, at the same time assuring s the gallant defenders of the country their share in the pa: 'nmentary elec« tlons. L . “The constituent assembly will is- sue fundamental laws, guaranteeing the country and immutable rights ot equality and lberty. “Conscious of the burden of the po. litical oppression weighing -on the country and hindering thc freé cre- ative forces of the people during years of painful hardships, the provisional government deem it necessary, before the constituent assembly, to announce to the country its principles, assur- ing political liberty and equality ta all citizens, making free use of their spiritual forces in creative work for the benéfit of the country. The gov-: ernment will also take care to elab- orate the principles assuring all cit- izens participation in communal eled- Uons, which will be carried out om & bas® of universal suffrage. “At the moment of national eman- cipation the whole country recalis with pi gratitude those who, in the siraggle for their political and re- ligious ideas fell victims of the ven- 5 geance of the old power, and the pro~ g visional government will joyfully bring back from exile and prison all those who thus fuffered for the go of their country. : g “In realising thése problems the provisional government believes it is executing the national will, and that the whole people will support it in its efforts to insure the happincss of Russia.” 4 (Dallas News). s Maybe you also have noticed how few wrecks there are along the path of rectitude. Oy As a general thing, when a woman is the head of the house there is a lot of superfluous furniture In it. If it 1s true that a swan egg weighs « a pound, we wish that swans had less neck and more industry. Of course it s fine to be able to read Greek, son; but vou would stand & ‘better chance to get a job if you could read a gas meter. g —_— When a woman has dimples around her shoulder blades, probably she would find it out even if nobody told. her. . Tillle Clinger savs that the reasom" she likes her present boarding-houss: is because the landlady is more ested in what the cook does than what: the boarders do. e La% \ ) e 1