New Britain Herald Newspaper, February 2, 1917, Page 7

" EDITORS FAVOR A | L e ———————————————————— .. NEW BKITAIN DAILY HERALD, FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 2, 1917. BREAK WITH BERLIN Majority Would Send Von Bern- storll Back to Germany American editorial opinion is al- most solidly in favor of a move by the administration which will make Ger- many understand that her new sub- marine warfare, inaugurated yester- day, means hostilities with United States. Some of the more con- servative newspapers advise that the president {ssue another ultimatumn to reinforce that of April 19, but prob- ably the greater weight of opinion, now that pledges of the Sussex case, favors the immediate dismissal of Ambassador Bernstorff in accordance with the formal threat of the President to Germany. Tollowing ure extracts from some of the current editorials: New York Evening Sun—With our government showing a resolute and courageous front and our peo- vle united behind it, in our best judg- ment we have littic to fear. We have little doubt that to some degree at least Ciermany -is experimenting with our tempe that she will back away within the zafety limits. New Yo German government is tantamount to o' declaration of war against this country. tecause it announces that it is the intention of the German govern- ment to commit acts of war against - us Brooklyn liagle——The president has no uther choice at this time but to send Count Von Bernsterff. home or to swallow his own words, delay- ing decision untli by an overt act of | hostility G- 1y destroys American i New York Mail.—Now is the time for the United Statcs to organize and apply all the force of all the neutral nations of the world to compel a re- vival ¢f international Jaw upon the sca today threatened with' coiftplete and irreparable breakdown. We are at a crisis In our relations to the belliger- ents in this war. s New York Evening Post—There need be no loss of time in making s our position ahsolutely clear; and then, on the first overt act we can proceed to the step . of which the resident gave warning less than a genr ago—namely, to “sever diplo-, matic relations with the German em- pire altogether.” Boston Transcript—The latest com- munication received by the state de- . partment from Count Bernstorff sure- 1y will be the last his excéilency will be permitted to deliver as the imper- $al German ambassador to the United Btotex., ... « Al A " Christian Science Monitor—1t is fio exaggetration to say that it (the note) amounted to an ultimatum, because ft expresses the last word of the mid- le European Powers in the present erisis. Not only does it announce final decision on the submarine question, so far 23 tho Allies are concerned, but it repudiates all previous promises made %o the president in respect to this sub- marine warfare. Boston Advertiser—Whatver may the | Germany has renounced the ' When she finds it cannot be tried teo far we still entertain hope | view of President Wilson's formal declarations there seems but one thing to do, and that is to present Count Von Bernstorff with his pass- Pports. Grand Island (Neb.) Independent— It is not yet incumbent upon us to | participate. As to Europe our rights | have been indirectly violated by both ! sides; as to Mexico, even more sacred rights have been violated by direct [invaslon and massacres. If watch- ! rul waiting is justifiable in the latter, | it is even more so in the former. Worcester Post—The desperate Teutons should be judged by deeds, not words. It is to be hoped that the present serious outlook for con- tinuance of friendly relations between this nation and Germany may be re- lieved by later developments. Worcester (Mass.) Gazette.—We cannot in reason wait until another ship goes down, carrying American citizens to their death. The only course short of an actual declaration | of war by which we may hope to con- vince Germany that we will protect. our rights, our national dignity and our citizens is to hand Count Von Bernstorff his passports forthwith. . Washington Times. — Germany’s | note shatters a forlorn and flimsy hope, paradise, bolstered by the so- | porific effects of the ‘kept us out of war” opiate, a hope that the nation that violated Belgium. threw to the | winds all other “scraps of paper,” would stand by her rveluctant hall promises to this nation. Washington Star—oOn the of military necessity, as in the de- struction of Belgium, there is re- version to lawlessness ahd barbarism. El Paso Herald—England cannot score | pretend to have played the war game Globe.—Tho note of the fairly according to any rules but those she herself makes and breaks at her own pleasurc. Armed merchantmen wage offensive war and the United States should hesitatc long before committing herself to England’s in- terpretations. Pittsburgh Chronicle Telcgraph.— This means submarine frightfulne: carried to the limit. Tt means de- fiance to- America. Pittsburgh Leader.—Whether Ger- many's stand is right or wrong, waiv- ing- aside all considerations of inter- national war, the neutral should think a while before he stands upon his right to enter the danger zone. U, $. COULD SEND A FLEET OVER OCEAN Army 001111; Also Be Ready by Summer of 1918 2 Washington, Feb. 2.—The United States would organize as rapidly as possible to take a real share in the war, if it entered the conflict ot all. s_was the opinion among osficlals Here as the hdpes of avolding a break with Germany dwindled. This country would not be satisfied, it was declared, to stand on the out- side and watch the other powers of the Entente fight its battle against Germany. At the present moment it is unprepared to send an army to Europe, but it could and would send its navy to protect American com- merce. The raising of an adequate army, it be the consequences, the Advertiser fails to see how this country cafl, niow do otherwise than take effectivé<steps to enforce its own declaratio ‘Providence R. I.) Tribung: he na- tion that a hundred years ago, weak though it was, fought a war to main- tain the principle of the freedom of the reas cannot now, weak though it still is, decline to recognize that it Is now practically challenged to fight anather. Portland (Me.) Express—If ‘the resident will rise to the occasion and gert the rights of Americans and de- fend them continuously and unflag- ginglv the duty of the American peo- ple to support him to the limit is clear. In the meantime the hour for temporizing is past. Tulsa (Okle.) Democrat—In the minds of Americans there is but one course open, and that js war with Germany today Topeka (Xan.) State Journal—Ger- many's latest note can hardly be re- garded as other than a challenge to mations of the world not already in the war to enter it.on the side of the Entente. Galveston (Tex.) Tribune—What- ever our 2nswer may be, we must heet the issue and let the world know What was intended by our final note in the Sussex case Milwaukee Daily News—We must wait until we know for certain the real meaning of the warning. Then knowing the facts, with firm cenvie- tion we must set our course and fol- Jow it steadfastly through to the end. Philadelphia Bulletin—The crisis, fmminent, 1f not actual, calls for ac- #on, not merely for renewed protest. Philadelphia Telegraph—None will #ay that we should pretend further jendship for the present dynasty at erlin. But a great majority will ex- pect the administration to sever rela- flons with that dynasty without going o war with the German people, if the last can by any honorable means be) avoided. Waterbury American—Diplomatic relations with a government capable of thig baseness ought to cease at once. Kansas City Star.—The United States must make good in the face. of this direct challenge. Duluth (Minn.) Herald—America can no more recognize the proposed submarine blockade now than it could {n February of 1915, Peoria. (T1l.) Journal.—The new @German declaration should not bring war to the United States unless it develops that American property and was expected, would begin immediate- ly on the declaration of hostilities. It would take a year and a half, at .east, to get ready the first expedition. The war might be over by that time, but as ‘‘peace without victory” would then be in the discard the chances are that it would not. The entrance of the United States into the war, though it would mean little to the Allies in a military way at the outset, would be of the greatest moral value. Tt would wipe out all the irritation of Mr. Wilson’s jeace proposals. It would show the world that the American people were not ‘“too fat to fight,” and it would make it certain that Germany could not win or even obtain a draw. Army By Summer of 1918. The American army that could be made ready for the summer cam- paign of 1918 would be a formidable force. If the war were still in prog- ress at that time, it should be a pre- ponderating frorce. A fresh .army, against discouraged, and war-weary Germany, would give the coup de grace. But can the British withstand the German starvation blockade? Can they hold out for the thirty days which Germany allots them, inuch less for a year and a half, until an American army is ready? The British here say yes. They do not underestimate the seriousnes of the German threat. They admit that reversion to the barbarism of the Stone Age will add to the effective- ness of German; warfare. Many ships will be sunk. Many women and children, neutral as well as belliger- ent, will be murdered. > The German plans were known in England, not for ten days only, &2 has been stated, but for at least three months. Even before that prepara- tions against such a contingcney were made. Britain Prepared. All the effectiveness would not be on the ,German side. The first intensive naval campaign against submarines is recalled, when scores of the U-boats were trapped. Some were captured in nets and held under the sea and not discovered until their crews had per- ished. Still others were rammed and sunk by motor boats and destroyers, the German crews being drowned like rats. No accurate information, as 10 the extent of the British preparatiors was available here, but it was estimated reliably that at least 4,000 anti-sub- marine craft were ready, besides im- mense quantities of nets, traps and American lives are destroyed through Gérman malice Dubuque (IA.) Telegraph-Herald. The sitvation calls for action, and it 4s apparent the present is not the time for hasty plunging, but for clear, sgane, humane thinking. Liacoin (Neb.) Daily Star—in other paraphernalia. If the United States entered the war and undertook to protect its shipping against the submarines it could add to this force not only its naval mosquito fleet, but innumerable fast motor boats and limitless facilities for pro- 1 ducing submarine trapping devices. 'MOSQUITO CRAFT 10 CHASE L-BOATS America Has Large A‘Fleet Ready for This Purpose New York, Feb. 2.—In the event of war being declared it is believed gen- erally that all power craft useful as auxiliaries to the navy will be im- pressed into service at once, as sub- marine chasers and for many other purposes. Fortunately an excellent foundation exists on which to develop that branch of defense, for the pre- paredness campaign of the last two vears has resulted in many craft being built for the purpose, Yachtsmen and motor boat ‘en- thusiasts, realizing the possibility of combining sport and naval prepared- ness in motor boats, have ordered more such craft than England had at any time during the first year of the war, and nearly twice as many have been ordered since the yachting season closed last autumn, in addition to which half a dozen organizations have been formed to arouse interest in this line of naval preparedness. The power boat division of the navel training squadron had sixty-seven craft enrolled for the drills held oft the coast from;Philadelphia to Boston last September, and in addition to that the United States patrol squadrom, with six special submarine chasers, went through a series of drills that lasted practically all summer. The United States power squadrons, with more than 500 power boats en- rolled and more han 700 members, every one of whom has passed a fairly stiff examination in seamanship, navi- gation, boat drills ‘and other useful lines, is in a position to provide offi- cers and crews for a good sized mos- quito fleet. 2,250 Men Await Call. More than 2,250 civilians took the course in training aboard the war ships last summer, and many of them later showed their ability aboard the power boats during the maneuvers in which the craft took part. If occa- sion arises they will be ready and use- ful for the operation of the great mosquito fleet sure to come into existence if needed. As regards the facilities for building a large mosqufto fleet in this country, nothing but the call for them is neces- sary. The Motor Boat show, now in progress in the Grand Central Palace, vesterday was the center of activity along the lines of motor boat pre- paredness and all the yacht builders were enthusiastic regarding their ability to meet any demand that might be made. American Builders Experienced. The builders of craft suitable’ for naval patral work outlined their possi- bilities in the way of turning out scout cruisers, as follows: Henry R. Sutphen of the Elco com- pany, said: ‘“We turned out 500 motor boats for the Allies last yvear. They were 80 feet long and had a speed,of nineteen or twenty knots, with a cruising radius of between 2,000 and 38,000 miles, They are equipped with motors of 500-horse power, and in some cases we turned out three complete boats a day. . “What we did last vear we can do again, and better. I can say that nothing is so effective for fighting sub- sea craft as spcedy motor boats, and that has been demonstrated abroad.” The Greenport Construction cam- pany, which has the warlike looking scout cruiser Chingachgook in the show, has built many similar craft for the Russian government and now has eleven such 60-footers, capable of a speed of 29 miles an hour nearing completion, as well as half a dozen other craft ready to go into commis- fion, including No. 10, the United States torpedo boat, which showed a speed of more than 40 miles an hour last week; a 72-footer far O. G. Jen- nings, and his older craft, the Whip- pet. They can deliver one craft a week like the Chingachgook, accord- ing to the foreman in charge of the exhibit. George Lawley, one of the fore- most builders, said he had five boats under construction with a speed of from twenty-two to twenty-five miles an hour, and that his company could turn out one hundred scout cruisers from 50 to 60 feet in length, with a speed of better than twenty miles an hour, in ten months, but they would not have the same piano box finish his regular boats have. J. B. Brodie, chief engineer of the Welin Marine Equipment company, which exhibits a section of steel motor boat particularly suited to naval use, sald: “We have thirty pontoon towing steel launches, armor plated, in stock and several steel motor vachts and commercial vessels under construction at present. ‘“‘As Tegards steel submarine chasers fifty or sixty feet in length we are pre- pared to turn out a first lot of three or four In three months, and then three or four a week thereafter, with speeds of twenty or more miles an hour, as required, and the only ques- tion about delivery would depend upon getting the motors on time. I under- stand there will be no difficulty along that line, however.” HUGHES FOR WILSON Former Republican Candidate Says “We Are All Americans Tonight, Standing Behind Our President.” New York, Feb. 2.—Charles Evans Hughes, who was guest of honor at the annual dinner of the New York alumni of Brown University here last night, declared every loyal American would stand behind the administra- tion “in this solemn hour” without a partisan thought. His declaration brought the diners to their feet sing- ing “The Star Spangled Banner.” “We are all Americans tonight, - standing behind our president, on Wwhom this great responsibility rests,” said Hughes. “It is not a time to i embarrass in any degree with private utterances those charged with this responsibility. They have the facts: they have the duty to perform. They have the sincere, loyal co-operation of every true American. The exigency of no natlon can fix the limits of American rights. “My friends, in this sober hour we the privileges of our American izenship. It is an hour of test We are desirous that whatever is done shall be done coolly and deliberately and in a manner that will give to every American a sense of profound satisfaction by reason of the wisdom with which the honor and the rights of our country shall be maintained.” Other speakers at the dinner were President W. H. P. Faunce of Brown, and Dr. Nicholas Murray Butler, president of Columbia University. ' SYMPATHIZERS OF GERMANY WATCHED lance in New York New York, Feb. 2.—The govern- ment has lists containing the names of about 5,000 German-Americans and other strong sympathizers with the German cause in this city who would be under close survelliance in the event of war between this coun - try and Germany. The work of gathering these names began when the German propagarda to win sup- port in this country for the Father: land and its allies was at its helght. Officials of the department of justice and of the treasury department were concerned in the task of rounding up those who were the most vociferous in their denunciations of President Wilson and who were actively con- cerried in arranging meetings whers the speeches were confined to es- Pousals of the Germen cause and to a general condemnation of all those sympathies iay in other directions. Besides gathering the names of the moet active of the German propagan- dists, the government was interested in finding the places where these per- sons might i they desired to act in secret or where considerable num- bers of them were most likely to gather to arrange for belligerent ac- tion. It was said yesterday by an important official of the government that at least five of these places were discovered in this city and that there- after they were closely ‘watehed until after the noisy German clamor had subsided. More Than 500,000 in New York. Incidental to the work of gather- ing the names of men suspected of being leaders among the most mili- tant of the Germans in this city, and finding out a few of their favorite meeting places, the government also made it a point to discover just how many German-Americans were in town. What the precise figures were could not be learned, bhut it was said that they ranged between 600,000 and 800,000. Tt was admitted that the conditions had changed slightly since the work of getting these names wag finizshed, and that many of those who were the most violent in their at- tacks on the president and on all neu- trals had become more composed and had withdrawn from the circles that recommended strong pro-German measures. The work of getting names, ada- dresses, and data of the violent Ger- man sympathizers extended at one time throughout New York, Connect- icut, Massachusetts, New Jersey and Rhode Island, but the hotbed of this area, it was learned, was in this city. An official who had ‘taken part in the investigations carried on at that time declined yesterday to permit the use of his name in any connection with the telling of the work or of its re- sults. He explained that as long as an open break did not occur it was the duty of every good American, and especially of public officlals, to aid the president in his efforts to preserve peace. No Rioting Feared, “It would be unfair,” he sald, “to make any of the nameg public, be- cause some of the men whose rames are on the list have changed their minds about a lot of things cornect- ed with the war and the others are not entitled to any advanced notice that they would be under espionage in case of trouble between this country and Germany. At the time when many persons were saying that this country was totally unprepared we were pre- paring and in this section we are in such good condition that no upris- ing would get much headway. Of course we don't think anybody would try rioting or anything of that sort. But if anything of that kind was at- tempted we would know where to seek to get at the root of the trouble. ‘‘If a declaration of war should be followed by disorder beyond the pow- er of the local authorities to control,” he said, ‘“‘martial law would doubtless be proclaimed, and then the United States marshals of the varion~ dis- tricts would be in command. Soldiers would be called upon to keep the peace.” In a number of instances in the per- iod when the government was round- ing up the men suspected of being able and anxious to cause trouble, of- ficials visited the homes of several of them and went carefully through their rooms, examining every place that might hide something that would re- veal plots or schemes. It was said yes- terday that these investigations had well repaid the labor and cost of them. “We are very well prepared,” said the officlal, “and I think many eiti- zens would be surprised to know just exactly how thoroughly we would cope with any persons threatening the beace, property, or lives of the law- abiding people.” stand loyal sons of Brown, realizing ! cit- | that | will show what America is made of. | Many Being Kept Under Surveil- | made at The Hague they ADMIRAL LAGAZE FEARS NO U-BOAT| But Admitsrll—nports to France May Be Affected Paris, Feb, —Rear Admiral La- caze, minister of marine, speaking in the senate today, declared that only one-half of one per cent, of all the tonnage which entered French ports during the last eleven months had been sunk by German submarines. He said this percentage might be a little higher in the future but that no efforts of the Germans could prevent the final victory of the Allies. He spoke in reply to an interpella- tion by Senator d'Estournelles de Con- stant in regardito the responsibility of | the govefnment, in the submarine warfare. Senator d'Evournelles criti- cized the administration for allow- ing the Germans to take the upper hand in the submarine campaign. In his reply Admiral Lacaze said: “The Germans are trying to do now what they always have done. The world ought to know that they have endeavored to terrify us since the be- | ginning of the war, Disregarding the humanitarian engagements they. have not hesitated to throw crews and passen- gers into frail boats and abandon them to the waves in boats far from any coast, Even recently numbers of their victims, who could not be| reached in time, died of hunger, thirst and cold. The declaration of today does not move us.” Referring to the question of Sena- tor d' Evournelles, Admiral Lacaze said that he could not repeat informa- tion given in the secret session but that the government had no means of defense. “Fifty-one million tons of merchan- dise,” he said, ‘“‘entered our ports dur- ing the last eleven months.” One- half of one per cent. has been sunk by. submarines. Possibly in the future this proportion will be a little higher, but the result will be that the country will be more thoroughly ac- quainted that we are at war. This will not affect our will to conquer. The country will support more lightly cer- tain inevitable privations. She will think ‘with more gratitude of our sol- diers who fight for her in the trenches and of our sallors who obscurely often sacrifice their lives for her de- fense and for her provisioning. “I have been reproached often for, not having held up to view sufficiently all that the navy has done for France. I would not under any wrcumstance let it be believed that in this hour, in any post whatever, there is a French- man who is not doing his duty.” Admiral Lncaze declared that the advantage held by the Germans in the submarine fleld could not in his opinton be maintained. “For the moment,” he said, “the Germans triumph and boast of being able, thanks to their submarine to turn the blockade against the Allies.” HOPES SUBMARINE WILL END THE WAR Germany Planned to Use U-Boats Several Weeks Ago Washington, Feb. 2.—A second memorandum with the German note, made public late yesterday by the state department, differs in some re- spects from the substance of the note itself. The understanding is that it was prepared at the German embassy on instructions from Berlin prior to President Wllson’s peace address ta the senate, and withheld then on ac- count of the address. When Count von Bernstorff received the note and memorandum from Berlin, he de- cided to deliver with them the original document prepared by him. The memorandum reads: “After bluntly refusing Germany’s peace offer, the Entente Powers stated in their note addressed to the Ameri- can government that they are de- termined to continue the war in order ta deprive Germany of German prov- inces in the West and East, to destroy Austria-Hungary, and to annihilate Turkey. In waging war with such aims, the Entente Allies are violating all rules of international law, as they prevented the legitimate trade of neutrals with the Central Powers, and of the neutrals among themselves. Germany has so far not made unre- stricted use of the weapon which she possesses in her submarines. Since the Entente Powers, however, have made it impossible to come to an un- derstanding based upon equality of rights of all nations, as proposed by the Central Powers, and have instead declared only such a peace to be possible which shall be dictated by the Entente Allies, and shall result in the destruction and the humiliation of the Central Powers, Germany is un- able further to forego the full use of her submarines. “The Imperial government, there- fore, does not doubt that the govern- ment of the United States will under- stand the situation, thus forced upon Germany by the Entente Allies’ brutal methods of war, and by their deter- mination to destroy the Central ! Powers, and that the government of the United States will further realize that the now openly disclosed intention of the Entente Allies gives back to Germany the freedom of action which she reserved in her note addressed to the government of the United BStates on May 4, 1916. “Under these circumstances, Ger- many will meet the illegal measures of her enemies by forcibly preventing after February 1, 1917, in a -~"e | around Great Britain, France, Itaiv. and in the Eastern Mediterranean all navigation, that of neutrals included, from and to England and from and to HIS EXPERIENCE SHOULD SERVE AS A GUIDE T0 HIS FELLOW CITIZERS FRON NOW FRED W. STEEDE, And still they come said Mr. Mar- tin the Lax-a-Tone expert at the Economy New England Drug Co. and all of them with happy faces and & healthy look one and all of them to thank Lax-a-Tone for what it has done for them. If you could have seen these same faces and how many of them looked a short time ago you would be forever convinced that Lax-a-Tone was what I have always said. it was (a remedy with a purpose behind it, a remedy that was honest and was not afraid to publish its formulae.) It is going to convince the skeptical sooner or later and those skeptics might as well fall in line now as later as they in the future will at least be satisfied that there is a remedy that is built and founded on honesty. Mr. Steele, who resides at 81 Myrtle street, this city, and is well and favorably known, says: I want to thank Lax-a-Tone for the good it has done me and I feel that I owe it to that remedy to say I have to say publicly and I tru experience will be the means of bj ing some fellow sufferer bac! health. I have been bothered long time with a sour acid stoq and much gas and bloat. I did nof just right and rather run down strength, my food did not just { right and I did not have much appetite. Well, I guess I did what many more have done in city. I saw where Lax-a-Tone accomplished so much for many} our well known people and I imy iately started to take it and my, I am very thankful that I did, today I am a well man. % The Lax-a-Tone man is at Economy New England Drug Co,, Main street, where he is introdu this remedy to the New Britain lc. He will remain until 10 p. m. urday evenings for those unabld see him during the day. France, etc. All ships met within that zone will be sunk. “The Imperial goverments is confl- dent that this measure will result in a speecdy termination of the war and in the restoration of peace, which the government of the United States has 80 much at heart. Like the govern- ment of the United States, Germany and her allies had hoped to reach this goal by negotiations, Now that the war, through the fault of Germany's enemies, has to be continued, the Im- perial government feels sure that the government of the United States will understand the necessity of adopting such measures as are destined to bring about a speedy end of the horrible and useless bloodshed. The Imperial government hopes all the more for such an understanding of her position, as the neutrals have under the pressure of the Fhntente Powers suffered great losses, being forced by them either to give up their entire trade, or to limit it according to conditions, arbitrarily determined by Germany's enemies in violation of interriational law.' LEPPELINS WEAK AS WAR MACHINES Experts in Germany Advise Against Building Any More Zurich, Switzerland, Feb. —Ac- cording to rellable information reach- ing this city, the aerial experts of the German general staff have advised the war minister against authorizing the construction of any more Zeppe- lins. The revelation is said to have lation and security from the skies not been utterly Ldasted even by recent significant cessation of raidi Of course, there is no official ‘re ence to the disasters to Zepp operating over England in the ve of the experts’ report allowed’ reach the public. But it is cerf that the repeated destruction; of type of aircraft by the British and growing percentage of loss - h greatly strengthened the position those condemning its further use. TEN ON FIRST DAY German Submarines Open Wi Entente Commerce—Eight M Dead and One Injured. i 4iondon, Feb. 2.—The sinking ten vessels causing the death of el men and the injury of one, was nounced yesterday by Lloyd’'s. I announcement as posted at the sh ping agency says: British steamer Trevean (3,081 to gross) and the Belglan steamer phrates (2,809 tons gross) sunk. Steamer Dundee of Hamilton, tario (2,278 tons gross), submarin One man killed and one injured. Tug lda sunk, presumably by ing a mine, while towing barges. men lost. Two trawlers and three sunk with the loss of two men. The Dutch steamer ‘Epstlon of 8,3 tons has been sunk. ' The crew’ landed. 3 All the steamship ‘offices, b American and British, which ha ships billed to sail for America, an booking passengers and -freight usual. The American lines have recei: no intimations of any change in saf ing programmes on account of newly announced German naval po caused consternation in Berlin parlia- mentary circles, particularly in its re- lation to the air campaign against Great Britain and as the first official admission of the failure of recent overseas flights, The recommendattons of the experts are based on the fact that practical experience has revealed fundamental defects in the Zeppelins, which are condemned as too unwieldly, too sus- ceptible to weather, and altogether too vuinerable. The surface expanse of the Zeppelin is held to be so great that to present a small target to the enemy the navigators are obliged to rise to heights at which all accuracy in bomb dropping is lost. About six years ago the leading German naval aerlal engineers se- lected the smaller and non-rigid Parseval type of airship as the most serviceable for marine warfare. But Count Zeppelin, with an inventor's enthusiasm, succeeded in impressing his theories upon the kaiser. Since then the emperor himself has been directly responsible for the feverish construction of Zeppelins. The Ger- man people shared in his faith and their hope of destroying British isor icy. GERMAN PRESS DELIGHTED Unanimously Approves of Submai Campaign and Expresses Hope Tha United States Will Understand. Berlin, Feb. 2.—The press of Ber: lin receives the announcement of un: restricted submarine warfare with d light. The pan-German papers dd not exult to the extent which might have been expected, but thé libersd organs, almost without exception abandon thelr old-time opposition and hail the chancellor’s words wit! warmly patriotic expressions of ap. proval. Most of the journals devote a par- agraph or more to the probable ef- fect on neutrals, especially America. They declare almost without excep- tion that they hope the United States will understand Germany’s position and approve it as the surest and quickest method of bringing about peace, but all emphatically warn against attempted intervention or auixing in by the United States.