New Britain Herald Newspaper, July 29, 1916, Page 5

L Anxie 1y Shifts NEW, BRITAIN DAILY HERALD, SATURDAY, JULY 29, 1916. Fr(_Jm Allfes To Teutonic Adversaries Review of Two Years of War Show Optimistic Mood, I Triple Entente in Jespite Great Obstacles Offered During Early Months. Paris, July 2 The of the war ends from the group to that of our now obliged bined offensive Marquis de ( the foreign chamber of deputies the mil situation for ciated Press at the close of second year “Whil rench, sian preparati plete, a second with anxiety of the entente adversari who to meet a genral on every hambrun, a affairs front,’ member committee of in of the e British and become more com- of exhaustion is fast arising ins and Ger- mans adversari thought it would be impossible for us to prepare, and certainly during the first vear the war there were difficultics t had to be overcome. We are proud to say that this was accomplished Our s ing the German invasion. Thanks the patriotism of the country and abnegation shown by all classes in France and England; thanks also - the campaign in both countries fo more cannon and more ammunition, industrial action was evervwhere mul- tiplied and General Joffre was able tn say in an Order of the Day to th army at Verdun, ‘We have munitions in abundance.’ “The Austrians and Ger sorted {o submarine warf will not attempt to quali continue to work harm in a form, but it will open further the commercial aims and needs of the central empires, now ef- fectively blockaded, nor will it restore to Germany her lost colonies. “The Russians are continuing their work successfully on the eastern front. They have again invaded and are pushing forward in the region of Lutsh and into the Carpathians, while Grand Duke Nichol is ad- vancing victoriously in the Caucasus. “The closer one examines the situa- tion the more manifest becomes the anticipated ascendency of the alli increasing as time goes on becat of their unrestricted resources and unshaken confidence in victory.” Views. various critics and experts affairs expressions have which the mili- aans re- re which T It may not Critics’ From militar; obtained from on been tary situation, according to the French | view, may be summarized as follows: | The extent of the difficulties of the central empires does not even now ap- pear from the state of theé war as viewed from a geopraphical stand- point, but has shown itself in the changed tactics in evidence and is be- coming obvious in the altered map. The operations of the Franco-British armies, outnumbered in men and guns during the first six months, saved France by sheer heroism, but could not end the war; could only it and gain time. The pushed into East Prussi Bukowina, invaded Galicia, Ru; conquered crossed . the Carpathians and even threatened * RINGWORM ON FACE Silesia, but exhausted their ama- ment in April, 1915, and lacked even the essentials for defense. The Ger- mans knew it would be impossible for and France nine months vears' Great Britain caught up in Germans' forty-five with the prepara- tlions and felt themselves free, dealing | * first with France, to turn upon the Russian armies. Nine divisions trans- ported from the Franco-British front reinforced the Austrians, and the of- fensive against the Austrians began in May. By the end of July Przemy and Lemberg had been retaken the Russians were considering abandonment of Warsaw and the line of the Vistula. Short even of rifles, many of Emperor Nicholas' troops de- fended themselves with clubs the long retreat in which was the ac- complished the second miracle of the | war, the continuity of their line being everywhere maintalned, as well as the | integrity of the Russian armies . The battle of Arras in June, 191 was considered to have proved the al- lies, man for man, able to ebat the Germans in the offensive, other things being equal, but the munitions and * AWFUL PAIN FROM Then OnHead. ltched Terribly, Very Large. Skin Sore and Inflamed. Had Wet Scales on It HEALED BY CUTICURA SOAP AND OINTMENT —_— “I felt pimples coming out on my face, then on my head, and I began to scratch them for they itched terribly. The pimples were large and red and after a while they festered and seemed to run together lika one great ball and then I knew it was ring- worm. The ringworm was very large and the skin was sore and infamed and had wet scales on it. I felt awful pein and I lost a great deal of sleep. “I used a number of remedies. Then my hair began to fall out. A friend told me about Cuticura Scap and Olntment and T got them as soon as possible. They stopped the ftching and falling out of my hair and I only used four cakes of Cuticura Soap and four boxes of Cuticura Ointment and I was healed.” (Sign: i Roy, Westport, Conn., Oct. 8, 191 Sample Each Free by Mail With 32-p. Skin Book on request. Ad- dress post-card **Cuticura, Dept. T, Bos Sold throughout the world. vear | artillery shifting powers com- said the | summarizing | the war's | Rus- of | t even | while our valiant soldiers were resisi- | o | the | piratical | ports r.or | Bukowina | olong | to have | and | during | of the opposing forces were vet equal. The transformation of | field tactics as the war progressed | multiplied the need for heavy guns > | and powerful projectiles to break through concrete-armored lines. This transformation thus increased the su- ¢ | periority of belligerents who had the initial advantage in preparation, fore- ing their adversaries to a greater ex- penditure of munitions than their industries were as yet able to produce, they themselves were able to the Russian lines with the big- <hell. | Second Crisis For Allies. { The enad of the vear of the war i was the heginnir isi | for the allies—a munitions crisi. ag- ravated by a diplomatic crisis re- Guiring new enterprises that drew on | their main forces. The landing of the Ifrench and British at the Darda- in April had weakened the al- elsewhere, reducing the number ¢ reserves on the main front, and if did not modify their general plan | i* obviously le the elaboration of | =»w plans and hampered | = eir movements. | At thc same time the enigmatic | si*uation in the Orient became serious, | G.eece refusing the tompensation of- | ferea for territorial concessions to ulgaria which might have facilitated a union of the Balkan states. The si‘uation in Persia and Asia Minor fol- lewing the entry of Turkey into the war had developed a menace to Great Britain in the far east. The favorable | \mpression produced hy the advance I north of Arras had diminished in the | absence of further operations &and there was a notable absence of news | favorable to the allies. More cannon, more ammunition,” was the comment of the French peo- | ple on the difficulties that beset them. | Women and girls joined in the efforts | of the trained mechanics brought back from the armies to the forge and the lathe, and the curve of munitions preduction took a sharp upward turn. The industrial efforts of the allles | were given the required time by the | resistance of the Russian armies. The Germans advanced, but they could neither destroy nor dislocate the Rus- an for Despite the formidable | effort of centrai powers Dvinsk | held out, and winter was upon Field | Marshal Von Hindenburg's armies Russian campaign unfinished. it terminated then it was late to turn against the allles in | the west. Grand Duke Nicholas had won for the French and the British | the entire fall and winter in which to continue their preparation. While intensifying to the utmost their production of arms and ammu- nition, the allies began early in the second year of hostilities, with the visit of Field Marshal BEarl Kitchener France, the series of conferences was finally to co-ordinate their effort diplomatic vet reflect I not first of the second c s es the | with the | Bven had | too however, the same unity parallel result was Athens or Sofia in heir not action, did of purpose. ! obtainea either at | negotiations regarding territor in | Macedonia offered to Bulgaria, and | there appeared to be a divergence of as | views among the allies as to further | action. Negotiations were still in pro- | gress when Turkey ceded the Dedeag- ! hateh-Mustapha Pasha railroad, with | part of Adrmanople, to Bulgaria, fore- | shadowing the latter's action against the allies. Meanwhile, the Germans and Aus- trians, after crossing the Vistula and occupying Russian Poland, transport- ! ed part of the troops from the Russian | front to the Save and the Danube for { another offensive against Serbia, | which after her victory over the Aus- | trians had only 250,000 effective men | 1eft to oppose them. The French, in the Champagne and | in the Artois in September, ned considerable territory and made im- portant captures in prisoners and ma- terial, but as in the preceding offen- | sive north of Arras in June this move- | ment failed of decisive results because i of the narrowness of the front of the attack and the impossibility to push | artillery preparation deeply enough | into the German lines. That the of- | fensive was considered to have con- | firmed the superiority of the French | soldier in attack in nowise altered the | general situation, just then further | complicated by the mobilization of the Bulgarian army menacing the Serbi- ans, which threatened the eventual extension of the war to the far east by the junction of the armies of the empires, Bulgarians and The Greek army was mobil- iately but King Constantina | refused sanction the government's v of intervention in favor of Ser- bia, Greece’s ally, ad forced Premier l.\'(‘fll7(‘1“5~ to resign, | central I The allies heavily engaged in the | Dardanelles now had to face either the | eventuality of the crushing of Serbia | and unopposed junction of the | armies of the Teutonic powers with | those of the Bulgarian-Turkish coali- tion the adaditional campaign in the Balkans. The Dar- danelles expedition had accomplished sult and the need of was more urgent than the Straits. to be among or no appreciable saving Serbia © opening of There still lack of u s to the The a the al- ula and ippeared nimity Gallipoli Penir landing at 2s decided upon, however, and, sented to the Greek government before the resignation of Premier Ven- it began in early October. too late to save Serbia, at- the Bulgarians on October the Germans and ield Marshal already had taken Belgrade. they fought heroically, the Serbians were overwhelmed by attacks from | two sides and driven into Albania, | while the armies of the Central Pow- ers formed a junction with the Bul- | Saloniki con- Dy | izelos, it was tacked 7 when under by burden of a | cer- | Saloniki | | | But | Austrians, | von Mackensen Though | | land decided garians and opened the route to Con- stantinople. New difficulties continued to devel- op for the allies however. In Meso- potamia the Turks stopped the ad- vance of General Townshend's forces within twenty miles of Bagdad and drove him back to Kut-el-Amara, besieging him there. In Persia the gendarmerie revolted against the gov- ernment, creating fresh embarras ments for the Russians. In Balkans, after the complete conquest of Serbia and the occupation of a con- siderable portion of Albania, the Austrians invaded Montenegro, before the end of January all the Balkan peninsula with the exception of Greece, Rumania and a little corner of Albania was in the hands of the group of central empires. That marked the limit o ftheir suc- cesses. The advantage that time had gained for the Allies began to tell. | General Ivanoff, commanding the Ru sian armies in Volhynia and Bessara- | bia, continued their offensive in Janu- ary with the occupation of Czartorysk Itself unimportant, the significance this operation lay the revelation furnished of a refreshed and forced Russian army provided with new cannon abundant supplies of projectiles and sufficient power to plow up German field defenses. in rein- Campaign in Cauca Of far greater significance was the advance in the Caucasus by Grand Duke Nicholas, forcing the fall of Er zerum accomplishing the occupation of Kermanshah and, in the military view here, virtually eliminating Tur- key as a factor in the European war, beside re-establishing the prestige of the allies in Persia. Instead of a reservoir of men upon which they might draw to fill the void caused by eighteen months of heavy wastage, the Central powers found at Constantino- ple only an additional drain upon their resources. The Russian advance not cnly meant the recall of Turkish di- visions that were expected to help the Germans, Austrians and Bulgarians against the allies at Saloniki, but Ger- man and Austrian troops were sent with them to aid the defeated Otto- man forces in Armenia. Yet Trebi- zond fell after Erzerum; Mush was occupled, and the conquest of Armenia was nearly complete. The diversion in the East had failed to break the cordon of steel, and in February the coalition of the Central empires was facing the crisis of greater gravity than any that had threatened the Entente allies The Bulgarian army was almost barefoot, the Turks, ex- cepting at Kut-el-Amara, were every- where defeated, and the w age of the long and unsuccessful effort to take Dvinsk had weakened von Hin- denburg so that he was incapable of undertaking a gencral offensive on the Russian front. The Austrians, left to themselves, had never succeeded and the maintenance of a large force be- fore Saloniki was required to hold Serbia and prevent the invasion of Bul- garia. The interior situation of Ger- many was officially admitted to be grave. In this embarrassment, as the French observers view it, the Central powers ardently desiring peace, and urgently needing success to raise the spirits of the German people, de- pressed as they were by prolonged privations, looked to the French front upon the adventure of Verdun. The German plan seems originally to have been to concentrate artillery, munitions and men in such force over a limited length of front that the on- rush would be irresistible. They choose Verdun because the position of the ancient fortress was such that the de- fenders had their backs to the River Muese on two sides and because suc- cess there would give the greatest possible prestige with neutral powers and the ximum comfort to their own people. It was also possible they knew what subsequent political events in Jrance disclosed—that the defenses of Verdun were not, in view of the field tactics of this war, as strong as other parts of the fnemg, It the | is | the Germans hoped to break through " the front there and destroy armies. | be | when, after three days, | was checked in mont the project had failed. Petain, vealed, | delicate longer French front. and ' German ary 24 r sanguinary expensive | & jadvanced that the Germans persisted with the French for | fensive +how of | rying the no prestige of the point along there has long been discounted and, in military opinion can have effect, | W at this stage of the war is held to be illusory costly. longer r they can the allies in the mere hope of inflict- ing more damage than they suffer. ) i se YR | that end was in view, the allie: the nowise the a of the war. there end front inforcement of the Austrians, suffer- ing from perhaps as many in casualties, to the armies obliged the Germans to prolong dur- ing the five months a vast daily ex- penditure of projectiles that was ex pected and has so drawn upon their reserves | the belief of military experts that | of munitions that in the battle of the Somme they were able to reply to the French ana British guns in the pro- portion of only one shot for three. The successful defense of Verdun | and the successful offensive of the al- | lies in the north of France and on the | western front show at the end of the second year of the war that the final- ly-prepared war map on which the German chancellor held that the allies ought to accept negotiations is under- going singular modifications, with the | Russians occupying Bukowina and part of Galicia; the Italians recover- {ing territory lost in the recent Aus- trian offensive and still in possession of the Isonzo region, and with the French and British in possession of more than 30 villages on the banks of the Somme that had been occupied by the Ger- | mans for twenty months and each of them transformed in the meantime in- to miniature fortresses. The allies have caught up with the | advantage of the central powers in preparation, and any further modifi- ions of the respective positions of contending forces, it is believed, must a reconquest of invaded ter- ritory the allies. the French imperative that success this view, and the advance the region of Douau- General s an official citation later re- had time to ‘re-establish a situation.” There was no hope of breaking through the | It was rapid, according to Sanguinary Verdun. Every yard of ground gained by the before Verdun since Febru- s been at an extremely heavy cost. The continuing of so and fruitless an operation s rzled the critics. It has been pu object s the of exhausting and preventing allics elsewhe 1If the successes of in the battle of the Somme was not attained. The battle of 1 the inte offensive the an of- by it it ordered interfering with of allies in diminished the ch s of car- them out, whatever the fate of [ The destruction of adversary forces Qiscirded fortress, it having mow |15 another and a far more difficult | oG et wrt from the | Matter. 1In this war the end may be | name than any other | 1€ater than many hope or may vet be the front. Local success |far distant. There are no bases on which to calculate the progress of mil- itary operations or the resistance of the belligerents, even when apparent- ly doomed to defeat. What is clear is that the anticipated ascendency of the allies, arising from their unre- stricted resources, appears to have been realized. Verdun, n of plans the : be the by no vital while the attempting of a stage process by the Central powers and certainly enormously The Central empires have no serves in such numbers that ford to launch them against State of Ohio, City of Toledo, Lucas County, s Frank J. Cheney makes oath that he is senior partner of the firm of F. J. Cheney & Co., doing business in the City of Toledo, County and State afore- said, and that said firm will pay the sum of ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS for each and every case of Catarrh that cannot _be cured by the use of HALL'S CATARRH CURE. FRANK J. CHENEY Sworn to before me and subscribed in my presence, this 6th day of Decem- ber, A, D. 1886. A. W. GLEASON, (Seal) Notary Public. Hall’'s Catarrh Cure is taken intern- ally and acts through the Blood on the Muacous Surfaces of the System. Send for testimonials, free. F. J. CHENEY & CO., Toledo, O. Sold by all Druggists, 75 Hall's Family Pills for c The heroic defense of Verdun, on | other hand, I been for the ies one of the notable developments It held German reserves such numbers as to put an the shifting of troops from front. It prevented the re- in to to the loss of prisoners, with undar General Brussiloff. It to continue only a few days, -®\ sation. ALL NEXT WEEK! 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