New Britain Herald Newspaper, October 12, 1915, Page 3

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AMERICA’S .GREATEST CIGARETTE |STATE REGULATION UPHELD BY THORNE President of Railway Commission- ers’ Association Discusses Issne San Francisco, Oct. 12.—Vigorous- ly defending state regulation in its re- lation to business and particularly to railroad rates as opposed to what he characterized as a tendency toward complete federal regulation, Clifford Thorne, president of the National As- sociation of Railway commissioners in his annual address at the organiza- tion’s convention here, said today that the issue between federal and state regulation was vital and was based on fundamental conceptions of govern- ment. The relative merits of a strong cen- tralized government and a federated government were reviewed by the speaker, who urged the retention of regulative power by the states as a destinctive part of the ‘great Amer- ican experiment” the federal plan. Happy Medium. “Too much ‘nationalism’ is just as wrong as too much ‘states’ rights.’ There is a happy medium,” said Mr. Thorne. “It is not this government as one nation, not the several states, but the combination in one federal plan that has rendered such a distinct contribu- tion to the welfare of humanity. It is this federal plan that must be most jealously guarded. A tendency one way or the other, towards cen- tralization or towards decentraliza- tion, is dangerous.” To Wipe Out State Lines. “For several years there has been gradually developing in this country a sentiment in favor of wiping out state lines,” said Mr. Thorne. “An agitation, partly spontaneous and parly inspired by interested persons, has been carried on to support a change in our judicial decisions rela- tive to the powers of a state to regu- late business. “It is now vigorously claimed that the time has arrived for the prac- itcal abolition of all state regulation. Such a change in the American plan of government would be of stupendous importance. “The issues of today concern vast property interests, and the future pol- icies of state and nation on many grave questions of business are vital- 1y concerned.” After reviewing the Minnesota rate case and the decision of the United State supreme court, Mr. Thorne said: “The court said that the ques- tion as to whether federal regula- tion of commerce shall supplant state regulation is not a question for the judiciary to determine; it is legisla- tive and not judiclal in character. It now becomes, ot a question of pre- cedent or of statute, but one of ex- pediency, of wisdom.” Strikes at Fundamentals. “Within the next twenty-five years substantially all our commercial af- fairs will be carried on by companies doing both state and inter-state busi- ness,” said Mr. Thorne. ‘“What is good for railroads will be good for others. Shall we abandon our state governments, so far as the regula- tion of business is concerned? Here is an issue which strikes at funia- mentals; which has to do with the method of government. “In striving after the new, we fre- quently fail to realize the intrinsic value of the old. What is the funda- mental characteristic of our govern- ment? It is the creation of a na- tion, large and strong enough to as- sert its independence among the world powers; at the same time com- bined with a form of government se- curing real tangible home rule to the various independent sovereignties making up that nation. Demands Great Remedy. “If the national government is per- mitted to gradually absorb those functions formerly exercised by the states, it will only be a question of time until some great evil will de- mand some great remedy. Agitation will follow agitation. There will be no opportunity to try out the new proposal; the nation as a whole must adopt it or reject it. “We believe the federal plan, as conceived by our fathers, is better than the new nationalism. We be- lieve the states are a distinct factor in our scheme of government. Sort of Safety Valve. “This federal plan is a sort of safe- ty valve against political and indus- trial revolution; and it is the great- est ever devised by the makers of government.” Tracing the history of railroad regulation, Mr. Thorne pointed out that “practically every important ad- vance step in the regulation of rail- roads, corporatiions and great con- solidations of our generation, has orignated with the states” and called attention to the establishment of state railroad commissions with pow- er to fix maximum rates in 1887, sev- enteen years before the same power was granted to the Interstate com- merce commission. States Experiment Station. “As one state after another finds the action of their neighboring com- monwealth to be wise and good,” he said, “they have followed her, and adopted similar provisions. In this way, progress or reform is gradually brought about in the nation as a whole. The states form a sort of ex- periment station; and where they have gone wrong, the courts quick to check them, or there is de- veloped a tremendous public senti- ment in the country as a whole which quietly destroys that which is not wise. ‘In view of the remarkable history of the origin of these movements, it is little wonder that the carriers are extremely solicitous in their efforts to prevent, and to remove the possi- carn. gy //I///////m/ U/m—— - l/mm i made in stoves. two or more dampers. The Two Hods in the base — the Ash Hod — instead of the old clumsy ash pan—with Coal Hod beside it— is another patented Crawford improve- Both hods free. have a patented damper which by one motion regulates fire and oven, better than twodampers Push the knob to “Kindle’’, “Bake”, or “Check’’—the range does the rest. * This Single Damper is the greatest improvement ever All other ranges have ment. Gas ovens if desired; end [single] or elevated [double]. FOR SALE BY J. 0. MILLS & CO0. NEW BRITAIN AGENTS Walker & Pratt Mfg. Co., Makers, Boston bility of further advance steps in the different states.” Problem Still Remains. Answering the argument that the railroad transportation business is of such a national character that it requires a single national tribunal to regulate it, Mr. Thorne said: “One sentence will contain an an- swer to claims of this character, that it is difficult to separate the ex- penses on local and through hauls; Even after you 'have removed the state lines, the problem of reasonable local rates still remains. “The real issue is practical,” he said, “rather than theoretical in char- acter. It is not whether we shall abolish all state regulation; but, in- stead, whether this or that is a prop- er function to be performed by the state. It is a wholly new and un- heard of proposition to do away with state regulation. This is a doctrine that jeopardizes our institutions. ‘Wise Regulation. “The great benefit urged on behalf of exclusive national control is uni- formity. But there is something even better and more important than uni- formity and that is wise regulation. Rates may be uniformly high or uni- formly low: Rules of service may be uniformly harsh and rigid, or uni-:of the Supreme court of Utah, formly lax and weak. they are uniform does not prove that they are just. “The real problem is how to get wise regulation. Will a strong cen- tralized government bring the best re- sults, or is the federal plan—joining national, and state control—prefer- able. The issue concerns the method of government, one of the profound problems at the basis of all organ- ized human life.” HONOR SYSTEM IN PRISONS DELUSION Judge Frick Has Little Hope of Reforming Confirmed Criminal Oakland, Cal, Oct, 12.—Taking the ground that a criminal is not a nor- mal human being but is one who is morally deficient and opposing the indiscriminate extension of the “honor convict” system, Judge F. E. Frick here are | nothing. 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WEDGWOOD Creamery:Butter Proof that ! today addressed the convention of the American Prison Association. “As soon as a moral weakling is discovered our first efforts should be to overcome his weakness before it forces him into an active criminal career,” said Judge Frick.” I enter- tain little hope of ever reforming a confirmed criminal, Man of Homor. “In view that there are some among | those who are sentenced to prison | who have a sincere desire to avoid further crimes, there are many, among which number are some prison officials, who have conceived the idea that all men are the same and since some can be trusted all may be, and therefore, all that is required to re- form a criminal i{s to place unstrict- ed trust and confidence in him. That is, all that is needed to reform him is to call him a man of honor’ .. and, presto change’, he becomes a man of honor. Such a method of dealing with confirmed criminals is as pernicious in practice as it is il- logical in reason. It treats an ab- normal human being as though he were perfectly normal. The result is that it sets at large the most dangerous criminals to deal with. “I have become thoroughly con- vinced that the general or indiscrim- inate application of the so-called honor system to convicts is more than a delusion and a snare. It isa crime against organized soclety. More- over it is of no practical benefit to the real criminal himself. To thus deal with that class is merely to tempt them. To say to the con- firmed criminal ‘Go, I trust in your | honor,’ is a mere waste of confldence. No man can yield that which he does not possess. No one, not even a re- former, can breathe honor into a rogue. Must Modify Conditions. “We shall never be able to lessen crime very much until we heed and modify the conditions which cause crime. In the nature of things will prevail just as long as man exists. We may, however, better the environment of those who are born with a lack of moral force and a ten- dency to do wrong and in that way lJessen both crime and criminals. Above all we should carefully guard and make harmless the confirmed criminal by preventing him from go- ing at large and from indulging in hig evil propensities, Instead of con- fining that class, however, some of our pseudo-reformers have sought to decorate them with a badge of honor by giving them the advantage of a so-called honor system. A dozen of that class set at large In one state will commit more serious crimes than will ten times that number of or- dinary criminal weaklings. Yet the so-called reform goes merrily on. “In justice to a large majority of our prison officials it should be sald, however, that they do not endorse the indiscriminate application of the so- called honor system.” CHAPLAIN’S WORK AT PENITENTIARIES Noblest Business Ever Committed to Hands of Men Or Angels, Says Warden Wells. Oakland, Cal., Oct. 12.—"The Chap- lain’s Work” was discussed today be- fore the American Prison assoclation by A. J. G. Wells, warden of the state reformatory at Frankfort, Ky., in a report from the chaplain's asso- ciation, a subsidiary of the main or- ganization. He sald in part: “‘Before the chaplain can do his best work he must have favorable en- vironment. If he is the only one in Women’s Suits . Paris Styles Copied and adapted to the needs of Americans. The trend of style is set and our models are final authority. Careful attention to fitting. New York Mode Created by the foremost signers. Bxoceptionally smart Creations at very mode prices, Necessary alterations promptly. Style and economy go hand in hand in the Bage-Allen displays. The models are the final word in style; are honest and of guaranteed quality; the prices the ma the lowest Wwhich suits of such materials end tailoring can be sold. The exhibit is so extensive that every woman can be suited FUR TRIMMED SUITS, Suits of exceptional style and finish, made of broadcloth, pop- lin and whipcord, trimmed with skunk, krimmer and beaver. See what we offer at $19.75, $22.60, $26.00, $29.50, $35.00, $89.00, $46.00, $59.00, $69.00 and $76.00, Careful attention detall of fitting. to every VELVET SUITS. The very latest velvet corduroy creations, just celved and meeting with stant favor. In rich bro navies, greens, fleld mouse black, with smart trimmi beaver, natural oppossum skunk racoon. Selling $27.60 $35, $45, $49.50, $65, $75. We are in close touch with the fashion shows and style views in New York and show all the new styles fipst. | Dage-Allen X ¢ (INCORPORATED) 2 HARTFORD Mail Orders Receive Prompt and Oareful Attentiom. the official family of the prison who believes in or cares about, the Gos- pel of Christ, then indeed will the fruits of his labor by anything but satisfactory. Add to this a little positive opposition on the part of the warden and other officers and the chaplain is placed in about the same position as the farmer who attempts to raise a crop in the Sahara desert. I make this statement with due rev- erence, not forgetful of the fact that God is able to accomplish His pur- poses in spite of the adverse surround- ings, but with a knowledge of the further fact that it is His purpose to use human agencies, i “I do not say that every prison official should be a devout Christian, but I am willing to say that every prison official should reverently ac- knowledge the power of the Gospel as the rehabilitation of fallen man. “ s v “The simple truth is that there has been too great a gulf between the warden’s ideals and the chaplain's ideals. The chaplain has been re- garded in too many prisons of vermiform appendix, & prison anatomy but really sary and sometimes “The principal work of the is to arrest evil tendencies prison life and creats, foster velop, within the prison, agencies possible which are ably calculated to cure def: character and develop m Hard work, exercise, educatio religion, in their broadest practical sense, the warden must employ iIf he swer to this, hiy highest m this be true,'then it follows chaplain’'s werk fits nicely wi general pléh . of the “The chaplgip's business ls. ate new impulses, fnoculéte b poses, stimulats good im A help the prisoner bufld hf life. This is enough for It is the noblest business mitted to the hands men gel VLight On A Dangerous Hal Prominent periodicals everywhere are daily ex] ing the harmful effects of the drug, caffeine, in co Physicians, food experts, medical writers m editors largely agree that the cumulative effect of ¢ 2%; grains of caffeine in the fo average cup of coffee responsible for the many troubles, such as sleep ness, nervouse prostration, heart palpitation, indige tion, etc., that subtly beset most regular coffee dri ers. Some people seemingly hold up under regul coffee drinking without serious results, but thinkers, with respect for the fundamentals of h and longevity, are daily changing to POSTUM It is a pure food-drink made from wheat little wholesome molasses—contains no other injurious drug. caffeine * When properly made, Postum has a flavour, an aroma so much like Old Gov’t Java that om¢'ls! i clined to forget coffee within a very short time. POSTUM comes in two forms: The e POSTUM CEREAL, requires thorough boiling, 18 and 25¢ packages; INSTANT POSTUM, the solu form, is made in the cupwith boiling water, 30c 50c tins. Both kinds are equally delicious and cost per cup is about the same. Better appetite, steadier nerves, brighter are scheduled for those who quit coffee. A 10 d trial shows. “There’s a Reason” for:POST Sold by Grocers Everywhe;