The Key West Citizen Newspaper, August 5, 1946, Page 4

at ger ee canes promoted by J. Hennes scientific background of the safeguards By J. HARMAN BRODOWSKI This is the second article of a Brodowski on against poliomylitis—intantile paralysis.) Keep flies away from food.” ‘This is another of the important during this summer's epi- demic of the disease. Lacking a or cure for the dis- the American public’s pro- against serious infection infantile paralysis lies cided to use an animal related to the human. Chimpanzees Used Expensive, hard-to-get chim- panzees were selected, and using the utmost caution to prevent contamination from other sourc- es, the Yale doctors fed the sliced bananas to two chimpanzees }named by their handleds, “Hick- closely adherence to the list}ory” and “Catawba”. Immediate- precautions formulated the National Foundation. ds are import- for they constitute the results ly, tests of the feces from the chimps were begun. Within a short time the doctors were amazed at the discovery that the scientific research made pos- | bowel eliminations from both ani- the financial support of its National Foundation in for a prevention and con- trol of the disease. Like the oth- er protective advice in ‘its list of precautions, the ‘admonition to keep flies away from food has a sound scientific background. ‘The fact that flies can carry the virus of infantile paralysis their bodies is not news to the men and women who have de- voted their lives to the fight against infantile paralysis. On various occasions the scientific detectives of the medical woilld determined the presence of the infecting virus in flies. But how important this fact is in the ac- transmission of the disease has never definiJely been settled. mals were loaded with the virus of infantile paralysis. Unaware that they were mak- ing medical history, “Hickory” and “Catawba” remained appar- ently healthy with no symptoms of infections, even though their stool specimens when _ injected into small monkeys produced clinical symptoms of infantile pa- ralysis. Recovering active virus from these chimpanzees proved that food exposed to flies in the home of an infantile paralysis pa- tient could infect laboratory ani- mals. Where did the virus come from? That was the next question to be ‘answered by the medical detec- tives from Yale. It was not pos- "sible that the food had become | \ t Granting that ‘flies can carry the ‘contaminated with virus in any scientists pondered, can’ other place except the home of they actually be a link in trans- mitting the disease to humans? ~ Experts Studied Problem Many well-known experts zeal- had studied this problem. Paul and the late James of Yale University, Albert of the University of Cin- and John Toomey of West- Reserve University were of the famous doctors who that flies could carry germ-like virus of in-, alysis. But» merely flies can carry ‘the disease is’ not enough. jt be had that the in- flies actually take part in transmitting the disease to peo- ple. Each year’s epidemic of infan- tile paralysis presents many op- portunities for scientists in their never-ending quest of how infan- tile paralysis is transmitted, Right now most authorities be- lieve that the infecting virus gets pape HI g g He i the patient because the bananas ‘were not peeled and prepared un- til the investigators had reached the selected house. Could it be that something other than flies had contaminated the food in the home? Possible, but not very probable. There was good evi- dence that the contamination had come from flies, but during the period of exposure the investiga- tors had noticed many flies set- tling on the plates of sliced ba- While this latest scientific study oes not positively prove that flies transmit the disease, it does shown that flies can carry, on certain occasions, the infecting virus in their bodies, deposit jt on food and thus complete the chain of transmission to humans. “Keep flies away from Food,” is sound advice. All who wish to do everything possible to avoid the dangers of infantile paralysis would do well to follow strictly the precautions listed by tle Na- tional Foundation for Infantile Paralysis, for these safeguards are baset on the results of scientific research. The epidemic of infantile pa- ralysis which struck. Catawba County; North Carolina, in the summer of 1944 was a catastrophe butt was’ also a great oppor- tunity for important research. Very early in the epidemic the National Foundation. notified Dr. Jolin Paul, head of the Yale Po- liomyelitis Study Unit, which has been financially supported for |; many years by the National Foundation, of the impending outbreak. Epidemic Provided Clues Immediately a trained team of investigators, Drs. Robert Ward, Joseph Melnick and Dorothy Horstmann set out for the epi- demic area, These three were epidemiologists—the Hawkshaws of the medical world—specially trained scientists capable of study- ing the various factors that cre- ate an epidemic. the culprit responsible for spreading of the epidemic. There was a score of tasks for |(Observation taken at 8:30 a.m, these doctors to perform here in| astern Daylight Saving Time. the backwoods section of North |* Carolina, but one thing they de- Their job was to study the clues and track down the The Weather Forecast Key West and vicinity: Partly cloudy this afternoon, tonight and Tuesday. Gentle to moderate east’ and southeast winds. Florida: Partly cloudy today, tonight and. Tuesday with scat- | tered afternoon thundershowers over north portion and widely scattered thundershowers at night over south portion, Jacksonville through the Flor- ida Straits and East Gulf of Mex- ico: Light to moderate: winds, mostly southeasterly over south portion and southwesterly over north portion today, tonight and Tuesday. Partly cloudy weather with widely scattered thunder- showers mostly over north por- tion. Jacksonville to Apalachicola: No small craft or storm warnings have been issued. Report Key West, Fla, August 5, 1946, ‘Visits Switzerland « to The Citizen’ IG, Germany. — cece Switzerland was the location of a recent furlough for Pfc. Joseph W. Wooldridge, son of Mr. and Mrs. Woolridge of 801 Georgia street, Key West. The. Florida soldier visited famous resort centers and par- ticipated in sporting events and folk festivities conducted on tour. He was accorded the same cordiality as prewar tourists, Pfc. Wooldridge, a former stu- dent, is resuming his duties here at the European Air Depot, unit of the Ninth Air Force Service Command, major supply center for the Air Forces in the Euro- pean Theatre. He arrived overseas at Le Harve, France, in February, 1946, Roy C. Beckman Visiting In City Roy.C, Beékman, Director of Advertising for the State of Florida, of Tallahassee, is in Key West for a brief vacation with his wife, Mrs. Beckman. They are staying at the home of Mr. and Mrs, Oliver Griswold, 1307 Divi- sion st. Mainly concerned with fishing off the Keys, the Beckman’s are getting plenty of their favorite sport, fishing Friday as guests of the local Chamber of Commerce, and Sunday as guests of the Mar- athon Chamber of Commerce. They will be the dinner guests tonight of the Hotel Association, and will leave for home tomor- row. Mr: And Mrs. Shepard Leave On Honeymoon New Life Dawns On Toml Courthouse In Arizona As D Men’s Saga Bows To Health Quest : By MURRAY, SINCLAIR AP Newsfeatures Istop to look at their single head- TOMBSTONE, Ariz.—It served | stone in Boothill cemetery. - its purpose during the’ desperate Free For AljJ Shooting days of two-gun killers and steely} And the courthouse played its nnerved law officers; now the old} part in the famous gun battle be- courthouse in this town th#t was; tween the Earps and the Clan- ‘too tough to die has been sold to! tons and McLowerys ,one of the private owners. classics of the west. Corridors where once strode; Wyatt B. Earp was a U. S. dep- stage coach bandits, cattle tustlers | uty marshal his brother, Virgil, and ruthless killers now echo the; the marshal of Tombstone. With carpenters’ hammers as one of/another brother, Morgan, and the southwest’s most historic! their frieng, Doc Holliday, they buildings is being transformed in-| started through the streets of to-a hotel. -| Tombstone early in the afternoon Rooms in which were enacted ,of Sept. 26, 1881, seeking Ike and dramatic life-and-death court bat-| Billy Clanton, Frank and Tom tles when Tombstone first gave|McLowery. There had long been birth to law and order are being} bad blood between ine Earps and renovated to house a great influx | the cowboys. of health-seekers, Outside the abode walls of the Ae hot by icy cliffs several high, had for years been one s New Zealand’s foremost tourist attractions. Bluish-green in color, it was cool enough for swimming | in. some parts while in others it! S0 e was almost boiling. It gave off a Sometimes sulphurous vapor and at times’ am inch | there were minor upheayals in difference. — Mek the lake. Otherwise the mountain’ Meat or cheese f gave no sign of activity and it likewise is weighed to the gram. was generally considered to be! ieepriceenineneere earner > decreasing into an extinct vol Wig Shortage cano. It is a courthouse no longer, but all the bloody feuds and bizarre executions which took place in its shadow are being absorbed into the folklore of the west, never to ‘be forgotten. : New Boom For Tombstone For a decade Tombstone, which sprang into being almost. over- night when Ed Schieffelin discov- ered silver in 1877, housed more: real triggermen than any place in the nation. Now it is being reborn as a health center. And, Tomb- stone, once rated as important a | O.K. corral the forces faced each other from 30 feet. “Boys”, rec- | ords -quote Virgil as saying, “throw up your hands, I want you to give up your shooters.” Frank McLowery lowered his hand. In the next 60 seconds 30 shots roared from blazing six- shooters. Frank McLowery drop- ped dead, with a bullet above his waist. Morgan Earp was wound- ed in the shoulder. A blast from a shotgun hit Tom McLowery be- neath his right arm. Ike Clan- ton, apparently unarmed, disap- Last year, however, it burst into violent activity, sending shots thousands of feet into the air, and hurling out from the crater boulders as large as i houses. The lake disappeared / and only masses of lava were | visible in the raging inferno of the crater. A heavy coating of volcanic ash covered the moun- tain and made ski-ing impos- sible. This year activity has stead-| ily decreased and with the winter city as San Francisco, is having' peared. Billy Clanton dropped a phenomenal boom. In the past; to the ground, mortally wound- eight months its population has, ed; then, together with Tom Mc- more than doubled. Even with! Lowery, propped) himself against trailer courts dotting the out-|a wall and fired shot after shot. skirts there is a serious housing} Virgil was wounded. When the sports season now in full swing skiers have been flocking to the | mountain. The floor of the old Cramps Court ~ In Australia tralia find they cannot practice law—because they cannot obtain wigs. No wigs have been imported since 1939. A leading barristers’ supplier said: “Barristers’ wigs are made by hand of horsehair. A London firm has a virtual monopoly.” Local wig-makers have never shortage being carried into the torrid summer months. The boom started with the opening of the Tombstone Medi-! cal center last August. The cen- Mr, and Mrs. John Gerald Shepard, who were married at the First Methodist (Stone) Church last Friday night, left over the highway this morning for a week’s honeymoon in Miami. 2 Before the wedding Friday night, Mrs. Shepard was Miss Faye Joyce Pinder, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Hamilton Pinder, 1402 Newton street. LETTER RECEIVED FROM SGT. SAWYER Mrs. Bernell Sawyer, 1417 Catherine street, today received a letter from her son, Harry, 19, stationed with the army in Korea, China. : ‘ Harry has been overseas six months and was recently pro- moted to the rank of sergeant, Mrs. Sawyer said. Birtho Se SON FOR ADAMS Mr. and Mrs. John C. Adams, 5-1 Poinciana, are the parents of a seven and one-half pound son born at the Municipal Hospital Sunday. Cooled Memory Leads To Heated Activity BALTIMORE.—(AP)—Mr, and Mrs. Howard J. Kirby were at- tending a wedding in Havre de- Grace when Mrs, Kirby remem- bered she had forgotten to turn off their hot water heater. Fearing an explosion, she noti- fied Havre de Grace police, who told Baltimore police. Officers helped a neighbor, Miss Blanche Taylor, through a basement win- dow, but she couldn’t reach the heater because a door was locked. City office.) Temperatures cided not to overlook was the|Highest yesterday role of flies in carrying andj; Lowest last night Spreading infantile paralysis. To} Mean _ do this they set up a novel experi- Normal . First they went to a local ment. PRECIPITATION store and purchased some ba- fanas. They then selected a som Lseale a young child had m taken ill with infantile pa- ralysis. In the patient’s home the TOMORROW'S. DEMARAG ‘bananas were peeled and sliced @aylight Savings Time) in open dishes. | Sunrise . 6:57 a.m. After sprinkling some sugar on Sunset 8:08 p.m. the top they placed dishes of Moonrise . 3:22 p.m. sliced bananas on the kitcheri ta- , Moonset _ 1:41 a.m. ble and warned the family not to TOMORROW'S TIDES touch the bait. For two days the Naval Base bananas remained on the kitchen High Tide Low Tide table with flies constantly buzz- 5:27 a.m. 12:44 p.m. ‘ing around and settling on the 6:22 p.m. 11:29 p.m. food. When the investigators had decided that the food had! been contaminated as much as possible, they packed the dishes of sliced bananas, freezing it with dry ice, for shipment back to the Rainfall, 24 hours ending 8:30 a.m., inches 70% you “take to the woods” this - summer. To make the solution, dissolve seven ounces of borax Fireproof your clothes before; laboratories at Yale. At Yale University the ‘real work of the experiment began. and three ounces of dry boric acid ‘in two quarts of hot water. Start with freshly laundered clothes, The problem was to determine for unless all of the starch, sizing whether this food which had been exposed to flies in a polio Victiin’s home contained virus eapable of producing the disease in laboratory animals, To make the results. of the experiment as authentic as possible, it was de-- and oil are removed the solution won't “take.” Dip clothes in the solution until they are thorough- ly soaked, wring them out and hang in the shade. If garments So police called firemen, who broke a window and discoverd the heater wasn’t lit. “Why, that’s right, I turned it off myself before we left,” said Kirby, abashed. 84) A Will’ Rogers .Tire Becomes Show Piece ALHAMBRA, Calif. — (AP).— An old 4.50x17 automobile tirg is a show piece in T. Lyell Puckett’s garage. It is embossed with the name “Will Rogers”. The tire, as the story goes, be- | longed to the first Model A Ford off the assembly lines. Henry Ford had offered his friend, the late Will Rogers, a new Lincoln, but the stage and screen come- dian is said to have replied that he’d rather have 10 Fords than a luxury car. So Ford presented him with the first Model A, and Harvey Firestone had a special set of tires made for it with Rog- ters’ name embossed on them. On the Other Hand Gardner—You’ll have to keep your chickens out of my garden next season., They scratched up all of my last season’s vegetables. Fowler — But think of the weeds they scratched up for you at the same time. Gertrude Stein, author, studied iron. need pressing use a medium hot | medicine for four years at Johns Hopkins University. ter features the use of chlorine} gas in the treatment of sinus af- flictions and arthritis, adopting a ‘system used by Father Roger Aull, retired Passionist priest liv- ing near Silver ¢/.ty, N. M. Found- er of the center and first accred- } ited Arizona physician to adopt! the system, is Dr. Peter Paul } ‘Zinn, for 12 years on the staff of the Copper Queen Hospita! in Bisbee. Newcombers Hear Tali Tales Health seekers have flocked to Tombstone from every state in the union, Canada, New Zealand; and the Canal Zone. Their influx has brought about a correspond-; ing increase in every branch of the. town’s business life. Today these newcomers are be- j ; beds with wounds, could not ap- shooting stopped the McLowery brothers and Billy Clanton were dead. pk . Town Left Earp. Wyatt Within a few days Wyatt Earp and Doc Holliday were charged with murder and arrested. Mor- gan and Virgil Earp, confined to pear in court. The drama moved to the court- house. Wyatt and Doc Holliday were given a closed hearing be- fore justice of the peace Wells Spicer and acquittd. Later Morgan Earp was shot from a doorway while playing pool and killed, Virgil Earp was shot from ambush and seriously wounded. Wyatt Earp and Doc Holliday left Tombstone. This courthouse had many queer affairs to deal with, as in- dicated in a deposition filed by Wyatt Earp in Boston’s Suffolk probate court years later. | lake covers some eight acres. It tried their hand at lawyers’ wigs. is broken only by a’ volcanic! vent in the center. This still shows signs of minor activity. Water is at times thrown up to a height of 30 feet. The Answers (QUESTIONS ON PAGE TWO) 1. Brazil. : 2. Orlando, of Italy; Lloyd George, of Britain; Wilson, of the U.S., and Clemenceau, of France. 3. On July 14, 1789, Frenchmen stormed the Bastille and declared their independence of despotic rule. 4. 18. " 5. The Caspian Sea; area, 169,- 330 squate miles. 6. $42.50. 7. Atomic research by-prod- ucts, useful in treatment of some types of cancer. 8. A 12-mile mountain tunnel between Argentina and Chile. A wig in an Australian court is absolutely essential. If a bar- rister appeared without one, the stern. judge would. declaim: “Mr. I cannot see you.” Any statements the barrirster made would be ignored, and the . } court would proceed as though he were not there. Strand Theater DOROTHY McGUIRE in “SPIRAL STAIRCASE” Coming: “Yolanda and the Thief” MONROE THEATER SHOWING TODAY Spanish Picture |‘EL CAPITAN MALACRA’ ing old of the trial and ae be | Recalling the old days he wrote: in Tombstone of the men convict-, “The next’ man. was killed by a ed of the bloody “Bisbee mas-|™an named Bradshaw. He killed | EEE EIS Make This Newest» Addition to Your Home 9. 634,000,000. 10. Retailing — 1,770,355 out of 3,448,000 businesses. sacre”, Late in 1883 five men rode into Bisbee, a short distance north of Tombstone. Two entered the Cas- teneda Mercantile Co. office to ¢erack the safe. The others stood guard, ordering all ho came near into the building. One man refused. They shot him dead. The bullet attracted others. Two more men were killed. A woman peek- ed out a window, and a robber’s bullet crashed through her brain. When the bandits galloped away, they left behind the corpses of five Bisbee citizens. Posse Member Accused ~Active in the posse that was formed was John Heath, subse- quently arrested and cRarged with a part in the crime. Also placed in the courthouse jail were Tex Howard, “Big Red” Omar W. Sample, Dan Kelly, “Big Dan” Dowd and W. E. De- Janey. Before a special term court all pleaded not guilty; and were tried, convicted and sentenced to hang. Heath was tried separately, convicted of second degree mur- der and given life. Within a week vigilantes broke into the jail, dis- armed the sheriff and made for ‘Heath's cell. “I suppose,” the rec- ords. quote Heath as saying, “you want me, gentlemen? Don’t drag me, I'll go with you.” his partner, McIntyre. A Fatal Question “Bradshaw had a‘kind of funny looking shirt,.a red striped shirt, and-he went out in the street and | everybody was making fun of \it| and saying ‘where did you get} that shirt’ and he got hot over! it and he says, ‘the next man that kids me about this shirt I am go- ing to kill’ “The next man he met was his | partner and of course he said to Bradshaw, ‘Where did you get) that shirt,’ and Bradshaw jerked | out his gun and killed him,” .The old building looked down on one of the tensest minutes inj the town’s history. John O’Rourke, called “Johnny- behind-the-deuce” because of ‘Nis habit of backing the two-spot in card games, had, the regords say, killed a mining engineer by the| name of Henry - Schneider in! Charleston, Ariz. Fearing trouble. | Sheriff Geo. McKelvey rushed | O’Rourke to Tombstone with a! gang of 200 irate miners close be- Facing The Mob | hind. In Tombstone, Wyatt Earp took | over. Virgil and Morgan Earp | too kO’Rourke into a building; Wyatt, cradling a shotgun in his | arm, strutted to the center of the | road and waited for the mob, They stopped a few paces away. “Don't make a mistake,” said | the deputy marshal. “He’s facing | the Jaw. I'll cut down any man/ SECRETARY BYRNES (Continued trom Page One) in keeping with the tenetsof a lemocracy. } He stated further that to place the veto power solely in the hands of the Big: Four, or any one of them, of any measure passed by the assembly made the pro- ceedings a “farce”. i Radio Moscow, in a broadcast heard here, today accused Secre- tary Byrnes of “duplicity and bad faith” in asserting that he will] FLEXIBLE ~ “ALUMINUM VENETIAN BLIND eWill Withstand Salt Air Extreme Humidity : eBaked Enamel Finish to Harmonize With Any Color Scheme KEY WEST abide by the decisions that are; Yenetian Blind Co. made by the assembly, regardless of the Big Four veto powey Subscribe to The Citizen |120 Duval, Jefferson Hotel Bldg. CALL 1042 for Estimates TWO HOTELS in... MIAMI at POPULAR PRICES Located in the Heart of the City Rates Reasonable ROOMS Write or Wire for Reservations «with BATH and TELEPHONE Ford Hotel 60 N.E. 3rd Street 80 Rooms - Elevator Solarium Pershing Hotel 226 N.E. Ist Avenue 100 Rooms - Elevator Heated 3 BLOCKS FROM UNION BUS STATION WHEN YOU COMPARE OUR RATES BEFORE YOU BORROW Dangled For A Day | who makes a step forward. You As the crow! headed down| may kill me, but I'll take a few} Toughnut St. Heath asked,| with me before I go.” The crowd | “Where shall I stop?” Before they) grew silent, the street, was still | hanged him from a telegraph pole, | for a moment, then those in front Heath quietly explained he was] started moving vackwards and | innocent, then asked that the} the danger was gone. “Johnny-/| men refrain from shooting bul-| behind-the-deuce” . later broke lets into his body and give him a jail and disappeared. | decent burial after he dangled for!” When Tomustone’s city fathers | a day. {sold the courthouse, they aso Invitations were issued for the} their one and only jail. Now the} hanging of Howard, Sample, Kel-| place that was once the “toughest ly, Dowd and Delaney. A group! town on earth” is jailless. “We | erected stands <jound the scaf- | don’t need one,” says Mayor John fold, intending to charge admis-j| P, Geacoma. sion. The night before the big event the “bleachers” were torn down, On March 8, 1884, the five were led to the scaffold. Each pro- | | Bamboo, a_ hollow - stemmed ptant, has been known to expand | | 16 inches in a day. | 421 DUVAL fon yout use the CASH | Monthly Payments You cz PAY-WAY THAT FITS YOUR PAY DAY ial Cedit Plan INCORPORATED —— ST. @ PHONE MILITARY ACADEMY tested innocence. Then Dowd turned to the sheriff and said: “It’s getting hot, so you might as well go ahead with the hanging.” Cracked Tex Howard: “It’s likely to be hotter where we are going.” Said Dowd as the rope went over his head: “Pull that tight, Pat.” | Two thousand people saw them die. Today thousands of tourists CARD OF THANKS | } | eae | For thoughtfulness shown in} every way and for sympathy ex- | | pre d by our friends and neigh- | | bors in the hours of bereavement | occasioned by the death of our} beloved mother, Evangelina Go- | mez, we desire to express our sin- cere appreciation. THE GOMEZ FAMILY augs-1t Recognized 05 One of Ameri military school rercuuuilis $1. PET ico’s outst yanding militery coer \SBURG* FLORIDA