The Key West Citizen Newspaper, September 14, 1937, Page 2

PAGE Oe The The Key lest Citizen | Assistant Business Manager rom The Citizen Building Corner Greene and Ann Streets West and Monroe second class matter Member of the Associated Press "he Associated Press'is exclusively entitled to use for republication of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this paper and also the local news published here. SUBSCRIPTION RATES One Year = - Six Months es Threo Months ...... One Month Weekly .. $10.00 2.50 85 20 ADVERT! G RATES Made known on application. AL care NOTICE. of thanks, resolutions of , will be charged for at All reading notic respect, obitu he rate of stices for entertainments by churches from which venue is to be derived are 5 cents a line. he Citizen is an open forum and invites discus- sion of public issues and subjects of local or general interest but it will not publish anonymous communi- IMPROVEMENTS FOR KEY WEST ADVOCATED BY THE CITIZEN Water and Sewerage. Bridges to complete Road to Main- land. Free Port. Hotels and Apartments. Bathing Pavilion. Airports—Land and Sea, Consolidation of County and City Governments. THE KEY WEST CITIZEN | determined to have peace. ; national desires. 5.00 | WILL alway: without fear and without favor; seek the truth and print it never be afraid to attack wrong or to applaud right; always fight for be the or- gan or the mouthpiece of any person, clique, faction or class; always do its dtmost for the public welfare; progress; never never tolerate corruption or injustice; denounce vice and praise virtue. commend good done by individual or organ- ization; tolerant of others’ rights, views and opinions; print only news that will elevate and not contaminate the reader; never com- promise with principle. THE WORLD FACES WAR The second World War seems to be “just around the corner’? but hope con- tinues to keep alive the belief that some turn of events will prevent another great struggle. It requires very little study situation in Europe and the Far East to realize that the nations are so lined up that general hostilities can begin almost overnight. Tactics pursued by Italy in the Mediterranean and Japan in China, cgupled with evidence that Germany only bides her time, demonstrate beyond the shadow of a doubt that these nations are ready and willing to risk an international blood-letting in the pursuit of their present aggressive policies, Italy, Germany and Japan have been arming for war for years. Only recently Great Britain accepted the challenge and began a stupendous program of rearma- ment, Whether this comes early enough} to prevent or late enough to invite attack } is a debatable question. Since Japan walked into the anxiety of certain nations for has played into the hands of the aggres The aggressors have pushed forward with impunity and in ab-| of the Manchuria, } peace! sive dictatorships. solute disregard of the rights of others, confident in the belief thatno ferce would be used to uphold international law andj order. In this, they recklessly gambled be- | inevitably, one of these days, } cause, some} nation or group of nations will rea necessity of putting an eng to such flagrant violations of the rights of other n The attitude of the United ward the res world, World War as been to the since an encouragement They dictator-controlled powers, by the ed rders assured th inter have been constantly ments, in this country States would pr beyond the American t Moreover, the effort t tee peace try, under re condit | don THE KEY WEST CITIZEN | passage of rigid neutrality legislation, was ample confirmation of the dictators’ con- | viction that the United States need not be considered as a factor in world affairs. We are quite ready to agree that the i | major problem before the statesmen of the world today is the development of a pro- cess to maintain peace. It can be solved if the nations of the world are It cannot solved if Italy, Germany or Japan have de- cided to use force in the pursuit of their nationalistic aims. In the light of past events, it would be a very dull schoolboy ! who would fail to understand that these | | three nations have adpted the use of force as a definite weapon in obtaining their tainance of peace is impossible and the world struggle until Great ter prepared. That this is the conclusion of respon- | ‘sible statesmen is reflected in the cautious | policy adopted in regard to each new crisis Whether Germany invaded the Rhineland, or Italy marched into Ethiopia, or Japan | seized China, the concerted action of those opposed to such aggressive steps has been ' to soft-pedal their condemnation and make ; Meanwhile, dis- | the best of an evil day. armament efforts have abandoned as the nations insistently en- larged their military and naval forces. Repeated aggression and constantly aug- mented fighting forces can only mean an intention on the part of the lawless three to continue their course until checked by superior strength. That an alliance exists between Italy, Germany and Japan to fur- been gradually ther their joint interests seems all but of-| ficially admitted. If we are to ume that the respon- sible statesmen of the United States, Great | Britain and France have sense enough to understand what has happened in the world, we should assume that they, as far as humanly possible, are making plans for | The trouble lies in the! attitude of the people in these democratic ; the future threat. countries rather than in the inaptitude of their leaders. In fact, the only chance for the ultimate success of the Italian, German and Japanese combination is the possi- bility that the peace-loving people of the democratic group will utterly fail to com- prehend the danger which they face and that, as a result of this ignorance, they will continue to act singly and avoid the collec- tive action which is necessary if the dicta- tors are to be successfully met. This article has already greater length than is desirable but vitally important for the people of Key West to revise their conception of world affairs in the interest of the peace which they profeess to worship. Forbearance and forgiveness are virtues in international attained it 1s relations only so long as they are practiced | by all concerned. Aggression and in- tolerance, lately exhibited by the three militant powers of the world, will, in the end, make peace impossible for this coun- try, as well as for other nations, rega ardless of our desire to work out the problems of humanity for the betterment of individuals everywhere. The optimist believes his friend will lend him- money; the pessimist is one who has tried it. Everybody, it seems, is hunting a method of living to the fullest extent while working to the least extent. Mr. Hurricane, keep but if you must visit us on oc defer the visit until the bridges are built. Going to church won't make change in the life of any person there is something going on inside heart as well as inside the church. away alway sion, much unless the Articles to the readers should bear their signatures. will newspapers by its Some day an anonymous article be looked upon a dishonorable as an anor The Citizen, letters name mous |} However, like prints ter. papers everywhere, over yms, though the know » the editor in all cases re, of = the Disorders, Dr. Ja Hosy f followir “The He emot nes ( r Speech statement type tune both g concerning tutter lacks of . and person neurological lt is out unequ act. f life,” which i ally indecisive sincerely | be? Consequently, the main- | the | task of statesmen at this time is to postpone } Britain, } France and the United States can be bet- 1 > You an | ae Nation’s In seeking a permanent solution for the social problem of low wages we should first understand what a “wage” is. A wage may be defined as the payment to a worker for his services in production. As thus defined, it is apparent that the amount of the ‘wage to be paid to any worker, or to any group or class of workers, must depend on two things. One is the degree of industrial skill, or the strength, or the alertness d initiative, of the worker, all of h may be summed up in the rd “efficiency.” The second factor in determining wages is the number of workers who can do a particular kind of work. That is, the wages of any group of workers depend on their efficiency and on the number who-are capable of doing the things wi nigh ‘this group does. principle determines the com- pensation at all kinds of workers, in- cluding the most highly specialized fessional men as well as those who wo at a manual trade. Consider brain surgery, for example. It is ex- tremely delicate and difficult, and not many.men are qualified to do it suc- cessfully. They can therefore com- mand high fees. Suppose there were half a million highly competent brain surgeons in the United States. The fee for a brain operation would drop ngly. Let us apply this general principle to those who are at the bottom of the wage scale. Why are they paid so little? It is futile to talk about “wage slavery,” “exploitation,” and the other stock criticisms of an ex- | ploded socialist critique. They have discovered, in Russia, what we have | long recognized elsewhere, that wage rates must be differentiated accord- ing to industria! skill and proficiency. One reason for the low wages at the bottom of the industrial scale is the lack of training or skill, and the other is that there are so many per- sons in this group. The illustration of the surgeon reveals that skill or What Are Wages? By HARLEY L. LUTZ Professor of Publie Finance, Princeton University training tends to increase earning (Address questions to the author care of this newspaper) d Your Affairs | power, but that this qualification may be offset if there are too many who can do the same kind of work. In the | absence of any particular skill, the | principal factor in determining low wages at the bottom is the keenness of tke competition among the un- skilled. The employer does not have to pay any one of them very much | because so many are competing for the available jobs. But he cannot af- ford to pay any one of them very much, because their industrial use- fulness is limited by their lack of | skill and training. It should be clear now why fiat wage-fixing will not solve the prob- lem of low wages. It should also be clear that the only permanent solu- tion of this problem must be through | appropriate training. Some of those | whose present earning power is low | are capable of substantial improve- ment through training. The effect of this policy would be an equalization of industrial rewards. Applied on an extensive scale, it would mean, not simply an equalization of ordinary wages, but an adjustment as between | wages and salaries, for the high sal- aries now paid to important execu- tives are due both to the value of their managerial services and to the. relative scarcity of those with the qualifications to direct large enter- prises, This reform is an educational task. The educational system of the coun- try has toyed with it, but has touched only the fringe. The federal govern- ment missed a great opportunity to begin its solution, during the depres- sion, when it paid the unemployed to do relatively useless made work instead of supporting them while they learned to do something that would increase permanently the value of their services to society. In consequence, we have lost five years, missed a great opportunity, squanderee © "ions, and «e still have a horde of unskilled persons on our hands, for whose plight there has never been a real understanding. They were fed during the depres- sion, and that was right. But in sim- ply feeding them, they were given stones for bread, since they could have been equipped to do better by themselves at no greater cost than was paid. Now the best that can be proposed for them is a federal wage decree, which is more stones instead of bread. From The Files Four carloads of Kentucky rock sphalt to be used in repairing and Caroline streets arrived. The shipment to- tals 208 tons. The city dragline is now unloading the shipments and work on the streets designated ‘will begin immediately. Division ;street will be finished from the j Catholic church to Duval _ street, ‘ar as may be needed the |board of public works announced itoday. Sometime ago Caroline street was repaired from the railroad gate to in front of the lss factory. The asphalt rock will » taken to that point and the work carried on from there. With all things working smoothly and the dragline rapidly unloading the jmaterial, the city engineer lieves the work will be completed in record time. 4 for as be- nd ¢arts go a begging Not one offer was the tity for the two offered for bidder, An mule and cart turned down ry départment. works has neither two carts highest give a away was prot jby the So the city san board |two mules which public it can sell, lose » away, and Clerk |Harold Pinder is wondering what please | re-+ when struck on the crossing The Hannibal a boulevard at the n were detail ithe railroad station the n severely 1 collar KEY WEST IN DAYS GONE BY Happenings Here Jus@tTen Years Ago Today As Taken oncrete Of The Citizen | will be required to make bond of 2,000 here for the present termh of criminal court or for the terth which cotivenes Clas high schoo] this oom work began at the; Mon-} day and Tuesday was devoted to of School authorities e: morning. registration and organization the classes. wect to know by tomorrow how large is the enrollment for the} present term. The cart ride Friday night by the s which was plan- “y- church, | ned for worth L ne has been indefinitely postponed. Election of officers for Key WwW 1015 Knights of Columbus for the coming year was held last night and Wim. Cates was named head of the council for e. SPELLS POPE T OTS OT ITE SHEET EEE as rst. Council the coming year. The body of Lawrence brought hip on F. sate to K which bee, whi¢h was West f died, to his fornia. he} last evening Cali- om the forwarded arents in Gardenas, Whitehead ront has been pre- and en at ays. ITCHY FINGERS Nose Picking, hisprapnat = Faces... Thee t t mn and Theater District —Popular Prices— First Class Fireproof —Sensible Rates— Garaga bie | Lowest )Sun rises . | High !what diminished in intensity, has | Atlantic coast { low TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, 1937. — ‘Today In History e i ans set Moscow on fire as Napoleon’s advance guard enters city. Gee Highest Mean : Normal Mean Rainfall*® Yesterday’s Precipitation Normal abi eae \ this ree ending at} ‘Tomorrow's Almanac - 6:13 - 6:32 1889—Jane Addams begins her inspiring career at Hull House Chicago, 1901—President McKinley dies from an assassin’s bullets and Theodore Roosevelt assumes the Sun sets Presidency. Moon ris Moon sets .... s 1913—A professor goes down Tomorrow's to a depth of 1200 feet the Jerater of Mt: Vesuivus where he ;Tregisters a temperature of over ee.) degrees Fahrenheit. in Low 1924—Prohibition raid at Lit tle Rock, Ark., nets an ex-gover- jnor and 60 other prominent citi- jzeng who were arrested. A politician is a feller who thinks he knows more about spendin’ your | money than you do. After the Ladies’ Friendly So- ciety meetin’ yistiddy, Elviry Hig- | gins is callin’ Aunt Sarah Peabody a “gabble-rouser.” Barometer reading at 8 a. m.: Sea level, 29. | 1 iia { WEATHER FORECAST | i ' 3, (Till 7:30 p. m., Wednesday) Key West and V ‘ity : Gen-| erally fair tonight and Wednes day; gentle variable winds. Florida: Generally fair tonight and Wednesday. Jacksonville to Florida Straits and East Gulf: Gentle variable winds and fair her and Wednesday 1934—Mysterious shooting of Dr. Elliott Speer, Mt. Hermon chool for Boys’ headmaster, at Northfield, “Miss. Never solved. WJ 3 ‘Today’s Horoscope, | ca icaccasseaneeuaaweuee. 1936—Pope summons world te militant defence against mad forces of Communism, s native is resourceful s and able in execution tonight. Economical to a fault, acquisitive yand fa fortunate, the native ‘will acquire a considerable com- ipetency, possibly a fortune. He ; should avoid the love of money for itself, for this will surely lead to trouble. w BENJAMIN LOPEZ FUNERAL HOME Serving Key West Half Century 24-Hour Ambulance Service Licensed Embalmer Phone 135 ht 696-W WEATHER CONDITIONS The tropical disturbance, some- Subseribe to The Citizen—20c weekly. moved northward and joined the disturbance, being some dist- central this morning ance off the New England ¢ Rains ve Atlant coast districts during the last 24} hours from Maine southward to} Oape Hatte: at! New 'Yo 2.86 inches, Bos-| ™M resulted ‘in A Service for Travelers . being heavy E } 5 For the ever-increasing number of patrons ie who are planning a journey our bank offers » and East-j port, Me., 2.29 inches. Li moderate raing have also oc ed in extreme southern Florida, | and in portions of the Plains’ States, southeastern Rockies, and | extreme eastertt Lake region. A} pr area of considerable intensity is moving in over the! upper Mississippi Valley; while a! strong high pressure ar spreads far western C2 pressure is moderatel h south-| eastward over the interior of the eastern portion of the country. Temperstures have risen in the} Valley; while! have been gen-! ht, with readings con- THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF KEY WEST y below normal this morn- ; apts 4 Member of the Federal Reserve ing in many localities east of the} Mississippi River. H Member of the Federal Deposit Insurance G. S. KENNEDY, Corporation Official in Charge Peppa REP els 1 SRR enis vie Biee. ton eeaeey ee oetien eS 0% PEELE? FREE POO PPP POPP ODE. PITOL” OIL STOVES NEW SHIPMENT JUST RECEIVED WICKLESS—VERY ECONOMICAL—COOK FAST 1 BURNER $ 5.50 2BURRER 5... 6.85 3 BURNER, ON LEGS 10.25 2 BURNER OVEN 3.65 LIGHTING RINGS TO FIT ALMOST ANY OIL STOVE HARDWARE ITEMS NAIL HAMMERS should hammer. ton, AMERICAN EXPRESS TARVELERS CHEQUES as a protection for travel funds, These Cheques, issued in convenient denomi- nations of $10, $20, $50 and $100, cost®only 75c. for each $100 purchased. They are spendable wherever travelers go, and carry the added and ture of a prompt refund by the Am- erican Express Company in case of loss or theft before your second signature is affixed. Ask the Teller about them. € elsewh erally 10c EACH KNOCKED DOWN WINDOW SCREEN FRAMES WITH- OUT HARDWARE. EASILY PUT TO. 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