Grand Rapids Herald-Review Newspaper, May 29, 1912, Page 7

= —— 5! —_— DO YOU SEND MONEY AWAY FROM HOME? Practice That Builds Up Cities and’ Tears Down Small Town ‘ {pip to the first of May of this year the Sears-Roebuck company had earned profits at the rate of 22 per cent, and this with a greatly increas- ed capital stock over last year. The | «concern is enabled to do this be- cause of the momey the people send away from home. And you didn’t hear a word about Sears-Roebuck contributing anything towards the support of your town? Guess not. If you wanted a donation for amy public enterprise or to assist a poor widow you wouldn't get a cent from SearsHRoebuck or any other of the mail order houses. The practice of sending away from home for your groceries, clothing, city fire halls, or anything else you can secure from home people is just the practice that builds up the out- sider and pulls down your own peo- pple. As the Houghton Gazette says: “Sending money away from home for the things you can get at home is like putting fertilizer on the other fellow’s farm.” That's the size of it. One fellow gave it as am excuse , for sending money away that he wanted it to go as far as it could. That wasn’t so bad, either. It usu- ally goes so far that it never comes back. The fellow that advocates the i | | Road Making. VIII.—The Sand-Clay Road. By LOGAN WALLER PAGE, Director Office of Public Roads, United States Department of Agriculture. Copyright by American Press Asso- ciation, 1912 | | SAND-CLAY road is composed of sand and clay mixed in | such proportions as to form a | compact and firm support to traffic. The perfect sand-clay road should be neither sticky nor sandy. The sand and clay may form a natural mixture, in which case the road is termed a “natural sand-clay road.” } The two materials may have become} mixed in the fields along the road by | mixture of sand and clay can be made when the materials are wet, and particularly is this true of the plastic or ball clays. _ If the clay is a plastic or ball clay much greater effort will be necessary to obtain a complete mixture; if it is kind of clay is not as satisfactory. | however, as the bail clay, as its bind- ing powers are much less. In select- ing clay for road purposes it is always best to select the stickiest clay avail- able. A common test is to wet the thumb and place it against a piece of elay. If the clay will not stick to the thumb it is safe to assume that it will be a poor binder in a sand-clay road. As the desirable proportions of sand | and clay are such that the particles of clay barely fill the voids between the grains of sand, it is well in determin ing the quantity of clay to be applied to a sand road or sand to be applied to a clay road to know approximately how much is needed. A simple method for determining the relative quantity is to take two glasses of the same size and fill one with dry sand which it is proposed to use and the other with wa-| ter. The water should then be poured carefully in the glass of sand and al- lowed to trickle down through the sand until it reaches the bottom of the glass. When the water has been poured into the glass of sand to the point of over- flowing we may assume that the voids between the grains of sand have been | filled, and consequently the amount of water taken from the full glass would represent the volume of clay needed to fill the voids in a volume of sand equal to that in the other glass. It is better ~TITANIG REPORT Results of Probe Now Be- fore the Senate. LOSS OF LIFE NEEDLESS Lack of Lifeboats and Captain Smith’s Indifference to Warnings of Danger Among the Contributing Causes of the Ocean Tragedy. Washington, May 29.—Teeming with eloquence, combining praise for hero- ism and scathing rebuke for negli- gence and cowardice of the most ap- palling marine tragedy of history, was the final and official requiem in the senate for the victims of the Titanic. Senator Smith of Michigan of ‘the senate investigating committee summed up his views of the evidence developed. That every soul aboard the giant ‘liner might have been saved but for the indifference, inattention and al- most criminal neglect of Captain Stan- ley Lord and the other officers of the Californian was the most startling charge Smith bitterly made. “Needless sacrifice” of at least 1,500 lives because the “strangely insuffi- | cient number of lifeboats” were not filled was also charged. “Obsolete and antiquated shipping ; mittee is also a party to the agree- Agreement on Legislation Affecting White Earth Indians, After threshing over the White Earth Indian reservation situation for months a compromise agree- ment has been reached between Senator Clapp and the house commit- tee on Indian affairs. Chairman Gra- ham of the special investigating com- ment. A substitute bill has been re- ported embodying these propositions: First—To authorize the court of claims to establish a new and correct roll of mixed and full bloods on White Earth. Second—To modify the existing Clapp act of 1906 so that restrictions shall apply to those less than quar- ter bloods, those with more than quar- ter blood to get their titles. Third—To raise the embargo on all titles that have been tied up so long pending the outcome of civil suits. Minor provisions of the bill apply to methods of adjusting pending con- sending away for things we need | isn’t possessed of that loyalty which | puiyds up his own community. But to use a little less clay than would ap-| pear to be necessary, as the tendency | Jaws” and “laxity of regulation and is to overestimate the amount needed. | hasty inspection” by the British board Good drainage is the most essential | of trade were denounced by Smith. so long as the big fellows send money @way what can you expect from the small ones? If we send out of town for fire halls then why not for soft soap or candles or socks. You bet we don’t send outside for votes. ADVERTISING THAT ~ DISFIGURES The feeling aganst di, of country and woodland sceres is growi every year. As towns and cities become more thickly populated, people get more weary of brick walls and suggestiors of commercial’sm on every hand. They long for green grass, spreading shade trees, and beauty s2ots where thoughts of busi- ness ave far away. Bursting in on this mocd with a staring Lil Lotid is much as if you sent a silesman up to a.man’s.houce when he was ‘n bed and trying to sleep. He would be more likely to throw a | oot cut cf his chamber win- dow ‘han come down and buy some of your goods. When the traveler sees an cdveit’sirg sign along @ pretty country read, his first im- pulse is to take a club and smash it, rather than buy some of the mer- chandise there offered. It is the beauty of the newspaper advertising that it never offends. It is omnipresent, picked up and read at the time and place when the people are in the mood to think about busi- ness, it is not thrust upon them.—Ex. OFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE School Board OF School District No. 1, Grand Rap- ids, Itasca County, Minnesota. Grand Rapids, Minp., May 20, 1912. MIXING THE SAND AND OuaY. successive cultivation of the soil, and if this soil is used in the construction of a road it is known as “top soil road.” There are many varieties of clay and | consequently a wide v: tion in the characteristics of a sand-clay road. The quality of the sand is a variable factor, it may range all the w from fine, dust-like particles;to coa grains and gravel and may be perfect- ly clean or mixed with loam and other material. In consequence of these wide differences in the materials constitut- ing sand-clay roads it is impossible to maintain a uniform standard as to quality of the road or methods of con- struction. Not all but most sand consists of tiny grains of quartz. .While quartz is one of the hardest minerals known, it possesses practically no binding or cementing power. The grains of sand, instead of cohering in a tough mass under the impact of traffic and the ac- | tion of water, remain loose and shift- ing. Fine sand when dry is easily displaced by the wind, which pro- | duces in’ this way the ever shifting | | sand hills. No road is so difficult to travel as one through fine sand. If clay has been carried in small quantities by running water and de- posited as sediment it is known as “sedimentary clay.” If the feldspathic | rock has been disintegrated in place by water the clay is known as “residual clay.” The sedimentary clay, having been carried in the form of fine par- ticles, is finer grained than the residual clay and is more sticky and plastic. In contrast with sand, which possesses | | no binding power, but is very hard, | clay is a powerful binder, but does not | | possess the quality of hardness. It is | ; evident that in the construction of a | sand-clay road the important property in the clay is its plasticity or tendency to become sticky and elastic when ;mixed with water. The clays which ‘are most plastic are called “ball (clays.” Another important property A meeting of the School’ Board of | which is possessed by clays in widely School District No. One was held in | varying degrees is the porosity or ca- the board’s office at eight o'clock P. | pacity for. rapid absorption of water. M. All members were present. | Clays which possess this quality in The minutes of the meeting held ' the highest degree fall to pieces under May 13, were read and apprcved. ‘the action of water. These clays Bids for filling vee enn are called “slaking clays.” It will read- rae ake cnt aeaaae apoatria Pa ily be seen that the plastic or ball clays tions, were received as follows: Pat | Will form a better and more powerful Kinney $650.00, James Passard $575.50 binder for sand-clay roads than will James Marden $650.00, Chas. Becker | the slaking clays; but, on the other $800.00. The bid of James Passard hand, they will be much more difficult was, upon motion accepted. to mix, as they disintegrate with far Bids for building a fence around less rapidity. the Shoal Lake school ground fene-| he shrinkage of clay is an impor- | ra fo be assis ea ap ora oe tant characteristic in connection with | ict, were receiv: 0. : 5 wt Gravelle $30.00, Apel Maturen $23.00, pean eal a ica 2 nd wou John Billock $24.00. The bid of uacdlpcuieites eS anaer: Johw Billock was upon motion ac- when the water evaporates the clay cepted. contracts. This characteristic of ex- The following bills were, upon mo- pansion is much more pronounced in tion allowed: y | some clays than in others, and it must Chas. Becker, moving wood and \be apparent that the clays which ex- cleaning ground for school gar- ‘pand the least are preferable for road den at Cohasset school .. ..$37.00 | building. 1H. D. McIntire, labor at Me- | The theory of the sand-clay road is ‘Intire school .. .. .. .. .. -. 2.20| \ ny similar to the theory of the mac- Pris Peloquin, lumber for repairs, \dam road. In the latter rock dust Bigfork school .....-.... +-.5.25 |) 114. seseeninigs, All: the ‘voids: between FgnOOl ss esse ss se 2.80 | #8€ angular fragments of stone and Williams & Clusiau, hauling | when wet serve as a cement or binder. plackboard, McCormick school 3.00 , The grains of sand may be likened to Great Northern Ry., freight and the angular fragments of stone and express .. .. .. .. -. .. --18.11 clay to the rock dust binder. In the ©. H. Dickinson, postage .. .. 1.43 most successful sand-clay road just a = w. Secrecy a ee sufficient amount of clay is used to fill n W. » extra +32. betwee: grains em motion the meeting adjourn Jn” tis was ppc pian agg = the sand ; J. D, DORAN, Clerk. eee ee aaron ee a feature of the sand-clay road just as it is of all other types of road. A sandy or gravelly soil affords better natural drainage, and if the sand is present to an exceptional extent the only provi- sion necessary for drainage will be to crown the surface of the road in the same manner as prescribed for earth, gravel or macadam roads. If the road is located through land that is so low | | as to be continually wet it will be nec- | essary in addition to crowning the road to provide wide ditches on each side} nd to raise the roadbed a little higher than the surrounding country. After proper drainage has been se- cured the roadbed should be crowned. beginning near the source of supply of the clay or sand. The clay should then be spread to a depth of from six to eight inches in the center, sloping + off gradually to a thin layer at the sides. Upon the clay should be placed a thin covering of sand. If the clay is of the plastic kind it will then be necessary to plow and harrow it, ad- vantage being taken of rains to puddle the surface with a disk harrow. Sand should be gradually added until the surface of the road ceases to ball and cake: If the clay is placed on sand to a depth of six inches a cubic yard of | clay will cover fifty-four lineal feet: consequently a sixteen foot road treat- ed in this manner would require one eubie yard of clay for each three feet of length. A mile of sixteen foot road would therefore require 1,760 eubie yards of clay. If the clay subsoil is to be treated with sand it should be plowed and harrowed to a depth of about four inches. On this prepared subsurface should be placed from six to eight inches of clean sand, spread thickest at the center and sloping to the sides in much the same manner as the ciay is applied to a sand road. These ma- terials should then be mixed dry in- stead of the wet mixing, which is preferable when clay is applied t sand. This is preferable because the clay can be better pulverized when in a dry state. After dry mixing the road should be puddled following the first heavy rain. When the materials are thoroughly mixed and puddled a road A SAND-CLAY ROAD. machine or grader should be used to give proper crown to the road, and if a roller is available the road can be | improved by the use of it. As ft is impossible to determine exactly the Proportions of sand and clay to be used in the first place, it is necessary to give careful attention to the sand- clay road for a considerable time after it is completed, in order that addition- al sand or clay may be applied as needed. In 1904 there were only 2,900 miles of sand-clay roads in the United States, but at the present time there are ap proximately 25,000 miles. As a contributory cause he named | the indifference of Captain Smith of | the Titanic for ignoring ice warnings | and forcing the Titanic full speed | through the northern waters. That Captain Smith had expiated | his offense by a heroic death was | Smith’s tribute to the dead commander. | Lack of discipline among the crew ! and cowardite of some of its members | indicated after the crash was scath- ingly arraigned. To the two Titanic wireless oper- | ators, Phillips and Bride, the senator | paid a glowing tribute. He lauded ; Captain Rostron of the rescue ship | Carpathia, | Ismay Not Cri ised. | Not a word of criticism for J. Bruce Ismay, managing director of the steam- ship company, was uttered by the criticised the White Star line for its | action in withholding news of the dis- | aster received, he said, sixteen hours before it was reluctantly divulged. In eloquent terms the chairman de- picted the folly of sending out‘ the | greatest ship afloat without sufficient | tests, a strange crew and no drills or | discipline. The Titanic, he said, was | following the proper course, although jone known to be dangerous at that | Season, but the speed was gradually and continually increased until the {maximum was the death blow. Rebuke for those in half filled life- boats who “stood by” and refused to ; aid struggling, drowning swimmers until “all the noise had ceased” was voiced. “Upon that broken hull,” the sen- ator concluded, “new vows were tak- en, new fealty expressed, old love re- | newed and those who had been devot- ed in life went proudly and defiantly |on the last life pilgrimage together. “In such a heritage we must feel ourselves more intimately related to the sea than ever before and hence- forth it will send back to us on its rising the cheerful salutations from | those lost.” California Saw Signals. In denouncing Captain Lord of the California the senator said the Ti- tanic’s distress signals were plainly seen from the deck of his vessel a short distance away. Amenica will leave to England the chastisement of those guilty, asserted the senator, and he quoted British law to show that Captain Lord might be prosecuted for a misdemeanor. It is recommended that all ships carrying more than 100 passengers have two searchlights; that a revision be made of steamship inspection laws of foreign countries to the standard proposed in the United States that every ship be required to carry suffi- cient lifeboats for all passengers and crew; that the use of wireless be regu- lated to prevent interference by ama- teurs and that all ships have a wire- less operator on constant duty. Detailed recommendations are made as to watertight bulkhead construc- tion on oceangoing ships. Bulkheads should be so placed that any two ad- jacent compartments of a ship might be flooded without sinking. Transverse bulkheads forward and abaft the ma- tight to the uppermost continuous structural deck, and this deck should | be fitted watertight. WOMAN WALKS 1,000 MILES Advocate of Uncooked Food Tramps From New York to Chicago. Chicago, May 29.—Mrs. Mabel Beach completed a journey on foot from New York to Chicago and delivered to Mayor Harrison a message from Mayor Gaynor. On the journey, which consumed a little more than forty-two days, Mrs. Beach subsisted on uncooked food. Michigan senator, but he caustically | chinery should be continued water- | troversies. MODIFIES AMUSEMENT BAN Methodist Conference Makes Several Important Changes. The lid on amusements was consid- erably tilted at the quadrennial Metnodist conference at Minneapolis by taking all reference to liquor drinking out of the amusement para- graph and placing it in a separate one under the head of immoral conduct and the partial removal of the stigma heretofore placed on dancing, theater going, circus going, attending horse races and the: other named amuse- ments by changing the head of the paragraph so that it reads simply “im- prudent conduct,” the word unchris- tian having been left out. AMERIGAN GONSUL GENERAL IS KILLED ‘Frank D. Hill of Minnesota Dead at Frankfort, Germany. United States Consul General Frank |D. Hill of Minnesota was killed by falling over the railing of the staircase jin a big hotel at Frankfort-on-the- | Main, Germany. | | He was found on the, ground fioor j with a broken skull. It is assumed the fatal accident was caused by a spell of giddiness. The accident to Mr. Hill occurred at the Frankfurter Hof, where he resided. There were no witnesses. Frank D. Hill was a native of Min- nesota, having been born at Pine Isl- and May 28, 1862. He was educated at the University of Minnesota and ad- mitted to the bar in 1884. He was ap- pointed consul at Asuncion, Paraguay, in 1887, and has been in the consular | service ever since, serving at Monte- video, in Uruguay, for three years | and subsequently in Venezuela and Brazil. His efficiency as a representa- tive of the government attracted at- tention early in his career and in 1899 he was appointed to the impor- tant post of consul general at Amster- dam, where he remained eight years. In 1907 he -was transferred to St. Petersburg, but the post there was not at all to his liking, his interest being chiefly in promoting the betterment of commercial relations between our country and the district to which he was credited, and he was transferred to Barcelona, Spain. From Barcelona he was sent to Frankfort, Germany, a very important post commercially. DAVIS DECLINES TO ENTER Congressman Keeps Out of Minnesota Senatorial Race. Representative Davis set at rest the | question whether he is to be a candi- date for the senate by issuing the fol- lowing statement: | “Tam not a candidate for the United States senate and there is no founda- tion for the reports to the effect that an announcement from me might be expected any day. My wish is to represent the people of the Third con- gressional district of Minnesota as long as they desire to have me.” BROKEN RAIL THE CAUSE Wreck on St. Paul Road Near Good Thunder, Minn. Passenger train No. 122 on the St. Paul road was wrecked two miles west of Good Thunder. A dozen passengers were severely bruised, but none was seriously hurt. The engine and two freight cars di- rectly following stayed on the track and later carried the passengers into Good Thunder. A broken rail is be- lieved to have caused the wreck. | Firebug Hangs Self in Cell. | William P. Hanson, arrested for set- ting fires, committed suicide in the county jail at Aitkin by hanging himself with a towel in his cell. He was also convicted of assault in the first degree for attempting to kill his wife. It is thought the man was de- ranged. Life for Slayer of Wife. | Fred Wegner, Jr., of Winsted was found guilty of murder in the second degree in district court at Glencoe for killing his wife on Jan. 17 last. He was sentenced to life imprison ment. | | News of Especial Interest fo Minnesota Readers. CONVENTION CALL RESCINDED Minnesota Republicans Will Await Ac tion of Special Session of Legis- lature on Primary Law. Refusing to go on record as en- dorsing any specific primary law the Republican state central committee, in session at St. Paul, endorsed a di- rect primary law and rescinded the call for the county and state conven- tions which were to have met June 28 and July 2, respectively. So far as is known this is the first time in the history of Minnesota that a call for a state convention ever has been rescinded and it means— provided of course the legislature ac- complishes the prime purpose of the extra session and enacts a primary law—the passing of the state convem tion. After rescinding the call the com- mittee discussed primary laws in gen- eral. Several conversions were noted since the last meeting of the commit- tee and not one voice was urged against a primary safeguarded by law. LINDBERGH ENTERS CONTEST Candidate for United States Senator From Minnesota. Representative Charles A. Lind- bergh of Little Falls, after delib- erating for nearly a year, has an | mounced that he is a candidate for the United States senatorship from Minnesota to succeed Senator Knute Nelson. Mr. Lindbergh’s statement of his intentions to submit himself to the people is brief. It is as follows: “I have decided to become a candi- date for United States senator. I shall against contest but since make no ‘personal Senator Nelson, CHARLES A. LINDBERGH. there is a wide difference in the polf- cies for which he stands and those for which I stand I shall base my cam- paign on what I believe to be the pres- ent and future requirements of the people. While I have received let- ters from many parties asking me to become a candidate I have not had an opportunity to consult my friends in regard to the announcement. I had expected to do that, but the work here has prevented me from doing so, and I believe this to be the proper time to make the statement that I shall be a candidate.” EXPLOSION WRECKS STORE Proprietor Strikes Match in Gas Filled Room. One building was wrecked, two ad- joining structures were partially de- stroyed, one man was seriously in- jured and windows for a block around shattered by an explosion in the J. W. Hardwick milk depot in the heart of the retail district of Winona. Mr. Hardwick had gone to the de- pot to make arrangements for open- ing. Through the glass in the large refrigerator he saw that the small gas torch within was not burning. Mr. Hardwick lighted a match and at the same instant he opened the door. A terrific explosion followed, for the in- terior of the airtight chest had been choked with gas escaping from the unlighted jet. SCORES MEDICAL BOARD Minnesota Public Examiner Files Charges With Governor. Reveling in $20 dinners, smoking choice cigars, taxicab rides and “split- ting up” practically all the money that has come into its hands the state board of medical examiners has spent near- ly $6,000 since May 1, 1910, which rightfully belongs to the state, ac- cording to charges made by Andrew Fritz, state public examiner, in a re- port made to the governor. While he makes no direct accusa- tion Mr. Fritz points to an opinion given by Lyndon A. Smith, assistant attorney general, in 1910, in which he said that the “reciprocal fees” of $50 each, collected by the board, should be turned into the state treasury,