Grand Rapids Herald-Review Newspaper, March 2, 1910, Page 9

ae | THROUGH COMBAT TO VICTORY ORIGIN OF BRITISH SQUARE Battle Formation First Used by Scotch Troops at the Battle of Bannockburn, The greatest of all Scotch anniver- ®aries is that of Bannocburn, fought on midsummer day in the year 1314. Apart from its bearing on the inde- pendence of Scotland, the battle will always have an exceptional interest from the military point of view, as Bannockburn may be said to have been the birthplace of the British. Square. “Proud Edward’s” army mainly consisted of cavalry, while that of the Scots, on the other hand, was almost exclusively composed of foot-folk, armed with the spear, and these Bruce threw into “schiltroms,” or oblong squares—a formation bor- rowed by Wallace from the Flemings, who had employed it with success at Courtray—to resust the charge of the English cavalry. ¢ Hitherto the mounted mail-clad knight had carried everything before fim, but Courtray and Bannockburn proved that he was powerless to break resolute, spear-armed infantry trawn up in “schiltrom” or hedge-hog formation, and these two battles revo- futionized the tactics of the continent and of our own island. Profiting by the lesson which had been taught them at Bannockburn the English ap- plied the tactics ef the Scots with brilliant success at Crecy, and still more at Agincourt. As it was the Scots who may be said to have orig- inated the British square at Bannock- burn, so it was they again who at Balaclava were the first to discard it with “their thin red line,” and now, owing to our changed conditions of warfare, it is discarded altogether. METHOD OF INDUCING SLEEP Self-Suggestion Plays a Great Part— Worry ts the Main Thing te Be Avoided. The next point to bear in mind t that eelf-suggestion plays a great part am the production of sleep, writes Dr. 8. MoComb in Harper’s Basar. Ord narily we do not sleep by accident or ‘aphazard. We resolve to sleep. We go through a variety of actions all suggestive of a change from our nor mal waking condition. We undress, we place ourselves in a eomfortable position, we close our eyes. We be Meve and expect that we are going to sleep, and the result is—sleep. One ef the great preventatives of sleep is the fear of not sleeping. Once this fear is broken down, we sleep. The ‘meomniac worries about his insomnia, and this very worry deepens the mis- shief. Hence the sufferer should sug- west to himself again and again: “Tf \X sleep, well; i I don’t sleep I will at ‘least gain rest by keeping my mind ‘ealm and my body relaxed.” In a jword, our chances of getting sleep in- ierease if we assume the external jphysical attitude which corresponds ‘to sleep, if we relax every muscle and Jet it stay relaxed, if we breathe light- ly and regularly, if we call up the imaginations of a sleeping person, and \talk and think sleep to ourselves, re- peating silently and in a quiet dreamy fashion such a formula as_ this: “There is no reason why I should not sleep. My mind is at peace. Sleep is jeoming. I am getting sleepy. I am tgjbout to sleep. I am asleep.” THAT SETTLED THE QUESTION Youngster’s Explanation of His Fa- ther’s Standing Left the Others Away Behind. The story, Jong since familiar, of the little boy whose boast that his fa- ther had put a cupola on his house ‘was capped by his playmate, who re- marked, proudly, that his father had just put a mortgage on theirs, is brought to mind by an occurrence which was told the other day by a prominent politician. The small son of a man who was in politics for revenue only, op moving into a new district this summer, went eut and struck up an acquaintance with two other kids of the same age who lived in the neighborhood. They were interested in the newcomer and began to try him out as to what his parents amounted to anyhow. “My father is a window trimmer and an awfully big man,” said the first kid. “Ah, that’s nothin’,” said the second. “My father’s a dump trimmer, and he’s twice as big as your’s.” It was plainly up to the stranger to mee good. And he did it with much gusto. “My father is a politician,” he said, “but I heard a man tell him last night that he was the biggest trimmer im this ward.” And it was apparent to any one that the new kid had made a strong fmpression upon the neighborhood. Fallacy as to Drowning. There is a popular fallacy about a @rowning man sinking for the third time. The number of times a man sinks has nothing to do with his @rowning. He may -sink but once, and he may go beneath the water any mumber of times. It all depends upon the person who is drowning, his phys- fcal condition and how quickly the lungs fill with water. That cycle of three is carried along by those whe 4mesist that a person dies in his thiré congestive ehill. But that is not true. ‘The same rule holds good in oonges- tive chilis as in the case of a drown- img man. A person may die in the first, or he may have half a dozen, and still live. The rule of three doses pot obtain there, either. — DAY OF REST AND PLEASURE Filipinos of Both Sexes Make Sunday a Time of Enjoyment—The — Market Women. It is the women who market the produce. Early each morning lons lines of these farmer wives, with great cigars in their mouths and large bas: kets of wares on their heads, can be seen striding along the narrow trails toward the capital city where market is held, says a Manila correspondent Strong and happy, they wade through~ the streams and the mua. calling out to one another as they go and only stopping to get a fresh light for their cigars from some one 0i their number or some one whom they chance to meet. Once at market they chat, smoke, laugh and barter fo: hours over a few small tomatoes some green squash, a live chicken eggs, fruit, sugar or anything the: happen to have, and toward noon they straggle home, having had a g00) visit and sold or exchanged their wares. Sunday is the one really strenuous day for’ the Filipino. It is the big market day when people come from all the surrounding country, and it is the time when cock-fights are al- lowed. . Men spend a good share of their time during the week in training their pet roosters, and on Sunday, early and late, they can be seen going to and from the pit, carrying their game-cocks under their arms. Excitement runs high and their joy ous shouts can be heard for a long way. Some women attend the fights, but most of them do the double duty of attending mass and then patroniz- the market, which is just across the street from the church. All day Sunday they are active and excitable but the next day they settie back into their quiet, uneventful lives. NO FOREST FIRES IN EUROPE There Every Part of the Tree Is Util- ized, Leaving Nothing to Start Conflagration. The question has been asked why there should be so many fires in our American. forests when there are 80 very few or none at all in the forests of Europe. The answer is this, says Outing. When the trees are cut in the. forests of Germany, France or Switzerland, the entire material in the tree is marketed and removed, leaving no inflammable litter on the ground In our American forests, aw- ing to lack of market for such mate- rial, fully one-half of the tree—the Hmbs, smaller branches, twigs and foliage—are left upon the ground, where they soon become dry and fur- nish material for a forest fire. In the European forests every part of the tree, including the smaller twigs, i» sold. “The sale of this minor product constitutes over one-half of the revenue. Hence, when the for- ester is through with his tree cutting no imG@ammable material is left upon the ground. Now, if our Adirondack lumbermen could sell the limbs and tops of the trees instead of allowing them to go to waste for lack of a market, they would not be obliged to leave the ground encumbered with the inflammable debris and litter which is such a prolific source of fire, and which when ignited is so difficult to extinguish. EYE OF THE CAMERA IS KEEN Has Been Used to Decipher Docu- ments Substantially Obliterated by Age. Often the eye of the camera will de- cipher documents of which the writ- ing had been substantially obliterated by age, says a writer in Van Norden’s Magazine. I have successfully copied with the camera the utterly faded pho- tograph of a classmate of 40 years previous. Changes in the pigment of the skin, undiscovered by the eye, appear with distinctness on the sensitive plate, and it is said that ample warning of approaching disease has been there by given. The camera takes pictures of sub- jects which cannot be made to appear on the ground glass and of those which the eye of man has never seen. The human eye can penetrate space no further in an hour than in a single instant. Yet the eye of the camera will gaze into the sky for hours, look- ing deeper and seeing more with each second that passes. Through this attribute of the cam- era a great chart of the heavens is now being made. Im this work dis- tinguished astronomers and photogra- phers throughout world are co- operating. Yet not one in a hundred of the ‘stars already plainly pictured by them was ever seen by the unaided eye of scientists. Possum Hunting in Queensland. Among the ways of earning a living in the colony of Queensland the col- lecting of fur skins combines consid- erable profit with a fine, adventurous life in the open air in the “bush,” the term which describes all country parts, plain, hill and forest away from the settlements. The possum is protected by the gov- ernment of Queensland till May 1, on which date young men issue forth for a campaign against the wily animal whose skin makes such beautiful car- Yiage and other rugs and forms the material for ladies’ furs all over Bu- rope. Formerly shooting was resorted to, but now trapping is found to be ‘the most efficacious means of securing good bag. Most of the trappers work in couples or employ a native, and snares of thin wire used. ‘True to Memory of Beau Nash! - The fafious Beau Nash was at one e extremely fond of a beautiful | girl called Juliana Papjoy. sometimes | known as the Bishopstrow belle. She used to ride about the streets of Bath | on a fine gray horse carrying a whip with many thongs, a fad which gained | for her the title of Lady Betty Besom. Juliana was very kind-hearted and during the last five years of the beau’s life she nursed him devotedly. After his death she vowed that she would never again sleep in a bed and took up her abode in a large hollow | tree, where she lived for many years, | earning a scanty livelihood by sell- | ing herb medicines and fetching and | carfying. At last Juliana became very | ill and, knowing she could not possi- | bly recover, she felt an intense long. | ing to die in her old cottage home at | Bishopstrow. More dead than alive, she set out on this last journey, and | managed to reach the house where | she was born in time to die there, Three Jakuns (aborigines) and Malay chanced to be together in the jungle in Johore when they came across a tiger. with parangs, and the Malay. wisely deciding in favor of discretion; took to his heels. Not so the Jukuns, how- ever; for they at once determined to give battle, not utilizing their numeri- cal superiority, but in the most sports- man manner arranging for the combat in a series of duels, if necessary. As might have been expected, the series was necessary, and the end was | not long in coming. The first man who entered the fray missed his blow and was at once struck down, and the same fate befell bis two comrades, all three being killed—Singapore Free Press. . pa eighsa taco Virtues of the Hazel Twig. Hazel twigs long have been used as instruments with which to discover water under ground. The twig has at various times been credited with many marvelous powers. Not only could it discover water, but concealed Indes oi | metal, especially silver, were be- trayed by the hazel, which, according to tradition, was guided by the pixies who guarded the treasures of the earth. In France the divining rod of hazel was used in the pursuit of criminals, while in many of the mei- ods of investigating the future the burning of hazel nuts played a part. Canal Long Ago Projected. It is now nearly 400 years since the first proposal was made for the Pana- ma canal. A canal was suggested as early as 1520 by Angel Saavedra, but for a long time all such suggestions met with determined opposition from Spain, who made it a capital offense to seek or make known any improv2- ment on the existing route from Porto Bello to Panama. More recently Louis Napoleon, when a prisoner at Ham, spent much time considering the practicability of such a scheme. It was not, however, until the California gold rush of 1849 that any accurate knowledge of the topographical condi- tions was obtained, and even then 30 more years elapsed before the actuat site was chosen by an internatioal eommission and the work begun. Too Tough a Morsel. “Tenderfoots” are not ‘necessarily fools, as the guide of whom a writer in the New York Herald tells discov- ered. He was recounting some of his early experiences with the brethren of the wild, for the benefit of his open-mouthed audience of easterners. “Yes, sir,” he said, “ it was my first grizzly, and I don’t deny I was proud | | of having killed him in a hand-to-hand | struggle. We began fighting about sunrise, and when he finally rolled | over, done for, the sun was going | down.” | He paused. No one said anything, and so he added slowly, “for the sec- ond time.” “Do you mean that it took you two days to kill a grizzly?” asked the Eng- lish tourist. “Two whole days and one night,” replied the guide. “He died mighty hard.” “Choked to death?” asked the tour- ist. “Yes, sir,” the guide said, calmly. “Well, well! What did you try to get him to swallow?” Had No Complaint to Make. Two young women boarded a crowd- ed street car and were obliged to stand, says the Wasbington Post. One of them, .to steady herself, took hold | of what she supposed was her friends band. They had stood thus for some time, when, on looking down she dis- covered that she was holding a man's band. Greatly embarrassed, she ex- claimed: “Ok, I’ve got the wrong band!” Whereupon the man, with a smile, stretched forth his other hand, saying: “Here is the other one, madam.” Holy Days. Dr. Hale and the late Bishop Hun tington of New York were fast friends, The latter had been a Unitarian and his shift caused a sensation. The Episcopalians have saints assigned to the various days in the year. When an Episcopalian minister writes a let- ter on any day for which there is a saint, he always writes the name of the saint at the close of the letter in- stead of the date. Bishop Huntington learned all these things quickly, and began to practise them at once The first time he had occasion to write to his old friend, Dr. Hale, after the church, he placed “St. Michael’s Day” after his signature. A reply from the doctor came, and after his name he had written in a full, round hand, “Wash day.”—Christian Regis- ter. They were only armed | Strong, Vigorous Character Arrives at Fruition by Wrestling With and Overcoming Obstacles. It is the wrestling with obstacles and the overcoming of: difficulties that have made man a giant of achieve ment. If we could analyze a strong, vigor ous character, we should find it made up largely of the conquering habit. the habit of overcoming, says Orison Swett Marden in Success. On the other hand, If we should analyze a weak character we should find just the reverse—the habit of fail- ure, the habit of letting things slide. of yielding instead of cohquering— the lack of courage, of persistency or grit. There is the same difference be- tween a self-made young man, who has fought his way up to his own loaf. and the pampered youth who has never been confronted by great re- | 8Ponsibilities that would exercise his | Powers and call out his reserves, that there is between the stalwart oak which has struggled for its existence with a thousand storms, with all the extremities of the elements, and the hothouse plant which has never bee» allowed to feel a breath of frost or 2 rough wind. Every bit of the oak’s fiber has rez istered a victory, so that when its timber {is called upon to wrestle with storms and the fury of the se says, “I am no stranger to storm have met them many a time before I feel within me stamina and fiber ‘o resist the fury of any sea, because have fought and overcome its ecu! a thousand times.” The hothoyge plant succumbs to the first adverse wind. Salt and Civilization. Salt has had much influence in shap ing the civilization and exploration of the world. It is believed by many that the oldest trade routes were created for the salt traffic. This was certain- ly the case with the caravan routes-in Libya and the Sahara, while the mines of North India were the center of a large trade before the time of Alex- ander. Salt, too, has play«d a consid- erable part in the distribution of map. He was forced to migrate to places where it could be obtained. This brought him to the seasiiore, where he gained his ideas of maritime com- merce. Lastly the preservative ef- | fects of salt on flesh food made long oceanic voyages possible and thus opened up the world to commerce and civilization. Reclaiming the Sahara Desert. As a result of recent scientific in- vestigations it may de possible to re- vise our ideas of the barrenness of the Sahara desert, since it has been found ty boring that theré are numerous springs which rise to the surface and make possible a system of irrigation. In the territory to the south of Algeria a government irrigation survey has been at work making a series of deep | test borings,-some of which are as deep as 2,000 feet. In this way con- siderable water has been encountered | and in certain oases already twice the usual amount of water has been made available for the palm groves.—Hap ver’s Weekly WOMAN SMOKER LIVED LONG the Mary Frith, Highway Robber, First of Her Sex to Use Tobacco in England. Mary Frith, better known as Moll Cutpurse, was a notable figure in old | time London life. She had the repu- tation of being the first woman to | smoke tobacco in England. The length of her days is a disputed | point, but it seems certain that she attained the age of over threescore years and ten. It is asserted that con- stant smoking prolonged her life. A portrait representing her in the act of smoking forms the frontispiece of Middleton’s comedy of the “Roaring | Girl.” She also figures in other plays | of the period. | Mary was the daughter of a shoe |maker living in the Barbican, and | Malone gives 1584 as the date of her |birth. She early took to wicked ways |and became a noted “highwayman.” | Among her familiar friends were the |notorious Capt. Hind and Richard |Hannam. She was an expert swords- | woman. Single-handed she robbed on | Hounslow Heath. Gen. Fairfax of 200 | gold jacobuses, shooting him through | the arm an# killing two of his horses on which his servants were riding. For the offense she was. committed to Newgate, but on paying the general £2,000 she obtained her liberty. At one time Mary had £3,000 of her own, but by giving money to dis tressed cavaliers she died compara tively poor. Her death took place in July, 1659, and she was laid to rest in St. Bridget’s. Labor That Aids lorid. It is true that all wealth comes from labor, but not necessarily from labor by the hands. The thinkers of the world have added inestimably to {ts development. It was a portrait painter who invented the telegraph, a college professor who produced the telephone, and the list might be ex- tended almost indefinitely. It is well that today, with all our indulgence fm rest and play, that we remember that it is intelligently directed energy of whatever kind which makes man better and helps along the world to the millennial dawn. Highest Salaried Woman, The highest salaried woman in the government service is Miss Estelle Reel, inspector of Indian schools. She receives $3,000 a year and expenses. , IMARCH 2, 1910. ‘ JROUBLESOME SQUIRRELS. im a Colorado Town They Destroy Birds’ Nests and Gnaw Through Roofs. Greeley is contemplating organizing a squirrel hunt to rid the city of the bundreds of squirrels their home in Lincoln Park 2 destroy the eggs of the song~birds. Ten years ago Greeley was the home ing birds and robins, writes a corre spondent of the Denver Republican, but only a few are seen now, and there are none lefi in ‘he trees in the park because of the depredations of tre squirrels. * Eight years ago some one brought two pairs of squirrels from the East and made houses for them in the park, where they and the progeny became great attractions. They have multi- plied so fast, however, as to overrun the park and exteud their nesting places to private grounds. In several cases they have gnawed through the roofs of houses in order to make nests in the garrets. At first it was be- lieved that the English sparrow had driven away the other birds, but in- vestigation proves that not even a sparrow’s nest can be found. The placing of the tin collars from eight to ten inches, wide around every tree not in the park was suggested for the protection of the birds, but this will prove no remedy because of the ability of the squirrels to spring from one tree top to another. The talk of exterminating the squirrels has been going on for two years and people say they must go. AS THEY DO IT IN ENGLAND Family Inherited Postmastership. Though the Department Officiais Didn't Know It. Forty years before, as quite a boy Jones had left a little town in Kent Now, on the first long vacation he ever had had since, he was visiting his childhood scenes. He had remem- bered that the postmaster’s name was Pengelley, and he had remembered. too, that he was a kindly old man There wasn’t the slightest probability, he thought, that the postmaster was still alive, but his acquaintance with the former incumbent might smooth things a little with the new one, sc that the whereabouts of people to whom he had been directed would be made known. “What's become of Mr. Pengelley?” he asked, interrupting for a moment his majesty’s letter assorter. “T am Mr. Pengelley.” “Perhaps you're his son.” “Yes, my father’s name was Pen gelley, too,” drawied the Englishman “T mean the postmaster.” “So do I.” “Was your father postmaster years ago?” “My word, no! That was my grand. father. You see, our names are all altke, and the post-office department doesn’t know but that the first one is alive. We inherit this job, don’t you know. And my wife’s just presented me with a son. There was no haggling over his name.” 3 40 Chinese Girls in American Colleges. cated in America will receiye a distit- guished recruit when Miss May Liang Cheng, the only daughter of Sir Chent- ung Liang-Cheng, the Chinese minister to the United States, returns to her native land. Miss Cheng is a particularly bright young woman and has attracted much | attention in Washington. It is an- nounced that the piquant little Celes- tial maiden will be educated in Bar nard college, although it is said Wells college, Aurora, N. Y., is a possible candidate for the honor of instilling the ideas of Western civilization in the pretty Miss Liang’s head. Wells col- lege is the alma mater of Li Hung Chang’s granddaughter, Miss Li, now Mrs. Bien. Miss Cheng is under sweet sixteen, and dregses in Oriental style, as be- comes the daughter of the Chinese rep- resentative to this country. She She speaks English and las shown marked ability in music. of many linnets, wild canaries, mock / Chinese women who have been edu: | Seales for Dyspepties. “When I got my last prescription made up the druggist showed me a pair of pocket scales for weighing food,” said the sallow complexioned man. “He said he could tell by the medicine I was taking that I would ! have to be mighty careful about the quantity of food I ate, and he urged me to buy the scales so I could be sure not to overeat. They were the first scales designed especially for dyspeptics I had seen. They cost twe dollars. No doubt they could be used for weighing other things, but that druggist offered them only to cus tomers whose digestion was out of or der. The scales were small enough to be carried conveniently and they reg- istered rations lignt énough to starve acanary. I did not buy, but the drug- gist assured me that many persons who are on a strict diet have provided themselves with pocket. scales on which they weigh every bite they eat.” PUT ART BEFORE APPEARANCE. Painter’s Effective Rebuke to His Over-Dainty Pupil. An old pupil of Conture tells how the master came into his school room one day when the model was in excep- tionally good condition, the light espe- cially fine and the circumstances of the seance altogether auspicious. As he entered one of the students got up and went to the tub of water in the corner, leaving all the rest buried in their work. “What are you going to do?” asked Conture roughly. The student showed his hands, which had some paint on them, and replied that he was going to wash them. Conture dabbed his thumb in some paint om the palette of the nearest student and made a ‘smear on the dainty pupils forehead. “You ha? better wash your face, too,” he said. The face washing was the last act of the students when they had finjshed their work for the day. The dainty pupil took the hint to heart, apologized and sat down at his easel, without visiting the tub. If he had not done so he would never have entered the school again. Millinery at Cohasset. Mrs. W. W. Fletcher wishes to an- nounce that she will open a complete millionery' parlor at her honie in Cohasset this spring and will have on hand a full line of fashionable mil-., inery. Mrs. Fletcher is an expert! trimmer formerly of New York and wishes to assure the people of Cohas- set and the surrounding country that she can please the most fastidious. Mrs. Fletcher is now at work pre paring her display for the Easter opening. NOTICE OF SEALED. BIDS. Sealed bids will be received by the board of county commissioners, of Itasca county, Minnesota, up um- til 10:00 o'clock a. m. on the 5th day of March, 1910, at the office of the county auditor, at the court house | in the village of Grand Rapids for the furnishing of all material and labor tebe used and employed in con- nection with the steam - heating plumbing and electric wiring of the {two-story addition to the county |jail, of Itasca county, at Grand | Rapids, Minnesota. All of said material and labor so } furnished must be furnished and com | pleted im accordance with the plans ;and specifications, a copy of which | are now on-file in the off’ e of the ;county auditor of Itasca county at |Grand Rapids, Minnesota, and an- |other copy of which are on file in | the office of the architect, J. J. Wan- \@emsteln, at his office in the . city | of Duluth. | A certified check for an amount | equal to at least five per cent of the {bid is required to accompany said | bid. Said check to be made payable | to the order of the county treasurer, | of Itasca county, Minnesota. | The board reserves the right to re- | ject any: and all bids. ; . Dated at Grand Rapids, Minnesota, | this 14th day of February, 1910. ‘ M. A. SPANG, | County Auditor, Itasca county, Min- nesota. Herald-Review Feb 16 Mar 2 Leave orders at HARDWARE DEPARTMERT Henry Hughes & Co. {. 0, am 54} SOPH ORO HOOD ° HOUSE WIRING AND FIXTURE HANGING A SPECIALTY ELECTRICAL SUPPLIES AND MACHINERY W.N. DELCOUR ELECTRICAL CONTRACTOR 3 GRAND RAPIDS MINNESOTA Grand Rapids Village Lots for sale om easy terms. REISHUS-REMER * * * * e * e s 2 a AND $5 PER MONTH. We have choice residence lots ail over town and we are selling them on such easy terms that anybody can buy. per month is certainly easy. Oome in and talk the matter over. We also have some choice business lots en eur lists. They are SHSFSSPSSS OHH OSHS 09880508 S98HSUSSSHSRSESSOSOSSVOREO Ff TTT LLL Ll $5 DOWN $5 down and 9% LAND COMPANY, ; : : : i i j por ori SURE