Grand Rapids Herald-Review Newspaper, March 10, 1909, Page 2

awn in good faith in accordance with promises made before the elec- tion by the party in power, and as promptly passed as due consideration will permit. It is not that the tariff engineers associated with him, and? _ will certainly be completed early in the next administration, if not before. Some tyre of canal must be con- structed. The lock type has been se- ‘ment he first appeared on the White House portico to go to his ineugura- tion until he ‘returned late last night, PRESIDENT TAFT’S Rerald--Review. NORN BY C. E, KILEY. GRAND RAPIDS, - - MINNESOTA. NEWS OF WEEK SUMMARIZED Digest of the News Worth Telling Con- densed for the Busy Reader. PEOPLE TALKED ABOUT. Mayor Tom L, Johnson of Cleveland has notified the supreme court of his intention to become a lawer. W. H. Tilford, one of the vice presi- dents of the Standard Oil company, died at his home in New York. Poire, known all over he world under his pen name of “Caran d’Ache,” the famous French comic artist and cartoonist, is dead in Paris. Miss Belle Hagner, who for years been Mrs. Roosevelt’s social sec- retary, has been transferred to a po- sition in the bureau of trade relations in the state department. P. W. Rider, a Boston traveling nan, and Fanny Rice, for many years N known on the vaudeville and comedy stage, were married at Den- ver. Mr. Rider announced that his wife would retire from the stage. in Goodell, head of the ship- firm of Goodell, Perkins & Co., partner of United States r Perkins and a pioneer of Cal- died suddenly of apoplexy at and, Cal., aged sixty-five years. Albertus H, Baldwin, chief of the division of correspondence of the postoffice department, has been desig- nated by Postmaster General Meyer as assistant representative of the de- partment at the Alaska-Yukon-Pacific exposition. Tone Richard, a stenographer office of the secretary of the n grand lodge of Odd Fellows ng, Mich., is reported to have s, mmanuel cdv establised a claim to a $6,000,000 share of a $44,000,000 estate in Scot- land and Canada which was left by a great-uncle. CASUALTIES. Three miners were crushed to death in the Reid mine No. 2 in the Mc- Alester district, in Oklahoma. , Fire at Reno, Nev., destroyed the Arcade hotel and the Palace hotel and gambling house. The loss will ap- proach $10,000. Dominick Pastoria, aged thirty-five years, was instantly killed under- ground in the Tri-Mountain mine at Houghton, Mich., when a pile of hang- ing rock fell, completely burying him. While on an errand of mercy to a sick woman at Scofield, Utah, Mrs. Otto Pahlke and two chidlren, in a sleigh, were run down by several run- away cars loaded with supplies for a coal mine. All were instantly killed. Albert Diek of La Porte, Ind., and Ed ad Hebenstreit of Lockland, cousins, were instantly killed at a d crossing in Lockland, Ohio, a passenger train which collided h an automobile in which they riding. in the four-story building occu- y the Brunswick Bowling com- iy at Columbus, Ohio, spread to the five-story 1 k building occupied by the Tracy-Wells company and destroy- ed it, with the contents, Loss, be- iween $200,000 and $300,000. Fire which broke out in Weld hall, one of the largest dormitories at Har- yard university, brought out about 500 half-clad students who live in the building and a great many from the other dormitories near by. The blaze started on the fourth floor and is sup- posed to have originated from an open fireplace. While firemen were being overcome from the flames which destroyed the interior of the chapel of St. Luke’s Epiphany Protestant Episcopal church in Philadelphia, the rector, the Rev. David M. Steel, who is just recovering from an attack of typhoid fever, dash- ed into the edifice and rescued the cross and altar ornaments. Ten fire- men were Overcome. A new pipe or- gan, valued at $10,000, was destroyed CRIMES. While handcuffed and sitting in the sheriff's office at Bessemer, Ala., James Brown, a negro, was shot and instantly killed by James Robinson White, father of the girl the negro attempted to assault. Henry Rheams, the boy charged with the murder of William Dempsey in the hold-up of a train on the Shelby line of the Great Northern in Mon- tana, was found guilty and sentenced to life imprisonment. John Junken, the negro who con- fessed to the murder several weeks ago of Clara Rosen at Ottumwa, Iowa, has declared his confession an inven- tion forced from him by the police. He says he will fight prosecution. Burglars ransacked the residence of John J. Ryan, the well known broker and sporting man, on Walnut Hills, Cincinnati, and secured $1,600 in cash and $2,800 worth of diamonds. They overlooked $500 in bills which Ryan had in his trousers pocket. Col. Edward E. Britton and Quaran- tine Commissioner Frederick H. Schroeder, former president and sec- ond vice president of the Eagle Sav- ings and Loan Company of Brooklyn, were found guilty -of stealing $4,000 from that institution in February, 1908, AS PRESIDENT OF __ UNITED STATES Raging Blizzard Causes Aban- donment of Customary Out- door Ceremonies. TAKES OATH IN THE SENATE Great Inaugural Parade Moves Through Slush and Mud— Ball Is Brilliant. Washington, March 6. — The first chief executive to take the oath of office in the chamber of the senate in seventy-six years, William Howard Taft, yesterday became president of the United States. Accompanied to the capitol by President Roosevelt and a guard of honor through a_ swirl of blinding snow, Mr. Taft returned to the White House just as the sun began to force its way through the thinning clouds of gray. Weather Upsets Program. A sudden blizzard sweeping in from the Northwest Wednesday night, to set awry the weather bureau’s opti- mistic promise of “fair and somewhat cooler,” caused an abandonment of the outdoor ceremonies on the fa- mous east front of the capitol, much to Mr. Taft’s chagrin, and threatened for a time to stop the brilliant pa- geant of the afternoon. By almost superhuman efforts a passageway was cleared along the an unwilling leave-taker from the in- augural ball. i ‘f It was deemed dangerous to force upon the venerable members of. the supreme court, the senate and the dip- lomatic corps the jeopardy of long ex- posure to the fury of the elements, and the president-elect finally acqui- esced in the change of program. Not since Andrew Jackson’s second inauguration in 1833 has a president taken the oath in the senate. When President Roosevelt and Mr. Taft were announced at the main door of the senate chamber, opposite the presiding officer’s desk, the audi- torium of the upper branch of con- gress held what was, probably its most brilliant assemblage of dignitaries of state and nation, and richly uniform- ed ambassadors, ministers and special representatives from practically every country of the civilized world, The voice of the usher at the door- way was drowned in the volley of cheers from the corridor throngs which followed the two chief figures in the history-making of the day into the crowded chamber. The president and Mr. Taft walked side by side down the aisle way to chairs placed immediately in front of the clerks’ desk and sat facing the distinguished audience, Sherman Takes Oath. The ceremanies of the inaugural formally were begun when Vice Pres- ident Fairbanks, in a farewell ad- dress, which called out for him a spontaneous tribute of applause and cheering, declared the Sixtieth con- gress at an end. Turning then to Mr. Sherman, who had been escorted to a pldte beside him, he administered to his successor the solemn oath of of- fice and turned over to him the gavel of the senate. Mr. Sherman, in rap- ping the senate to order in a special session of the Sixty-first congress, made a brief address, and then follow- PRESIDENT TAFT. ~ center of Pennsylvania avenue, how- ever, and for nearly three hours Pres- ident Taft and Vice President Sher- man reviewed a passing column which was replete with martial splendor and picturesque with civic display. Roosevelt Says Farewell. Following the brilliant and impres- sive ceremonies in the senate, during which both president and vice presi- dent took the oath of office, President Roosevelt, again a_ private citizen) bade an affectionate adieu to his suc- cessor, while all in the historic cham- ber looked on in silence, and then hurried away through a side door to take a train for New York. As he passed out of the chamber Mr. Roose- velt was given an ovation quite the equal to that tendered to the new president. Outside the capitol the re- tiring chief executive was met by 800 members of the New York county committee, and under their escort was driven to the union station, Ball Is Brilliant Affair. President and Mrs. Taft were the centers of interest at the ball in the pension building. The scene in the cavernous building, which had been transformed into a canopied court of ivory and white, was another of the brilliant pictures which are quadren- nially painted here by the gathering of a vast and brilliant assemblage from every section of the country. Mr. Taft’s day was one of continu- SOUTHERN WAR IS INEVITABLE. — Salina Cruz, Mexico, March 6.—The steamer Hathor, which has arrived here from Ajajutla, brings the news that war is inevitable between Nica- ragua and Salvador and that troops are being mobilized by both countriés. The battleship Presidente, which comprises the entire navy of Salvador, has sailed under sealed orders, and it ig presumed it will bombard Nicara- guan ports, ed the swearing in of many new sena- tors. This ceremony completed, and with- out further ceremony of any sort, Vice President Sherman announced: “The chief justice will now admini: ter the oath of office to the presi- dent-elect.” Taft Is Sworn In. : The sudden announcement came as a surprise and a solemn hush fell upon the assemblage. Mr. Taft arose took the arm of Senator Knox, chair- man of the joint committee on ar- rangements and premier in his cabi- net, and walked around to a position in the rear of the presiding officer’s desk. He was followed by Chief Jus- tice Fuller, who was officiating for the fifth time at this historic quadriennial ceremony. Mr. Taft took up a position facing the members of his family, grouped in the gallery. The chief justice began the administration of the oath in a low tone. As he paused at the end of each phrase Mr. Taft caught up his words and repeated them in a slow, distinct voice, which carried impres- sively to the farthest recesses of the chamber. When he at last kissed the Bible there was an outburst of ap- Plause, a grasp of the hand by the chief justice and President Taft pbe- gan immediately the enunciation of the policies of his administration in an inaugural address, NN RTC OTOL OCI OTED Japs Felicitate Taft. Tokio, March 6—The press of Ja- pan continues to felicitate President Taft upon his inauguration and is unanimous in rejoicing over the fact that his knowledge of Japan is based upon his personal observationg while a visitor in the empire. The papers say that in consequence of this the friendship between Japan” and the United States is certain to be strengthened materially during Presi. dent Taft’s term of office, INAUGURAL ADDRESS Main Policies of Administration Outlined—Will Maintain Roosevelt’s Reforms. a TARIFF REVISION 1S. PRESSING A Tariff Bill Must Be Drawn in Accord- ance With Provisions Made Before Election. The following is President Taft’s inaugural address: My Fellow Citizens: Any one who takes the oath I have just taken must feel a heavy weight of responsibility. If not, he has no conception of the powers and duties of the office upon which he is about to enter, or he is lacking in a proper sense of the obli- gation which the oath imposes. The office of an inaugural address is to give a summary outline of the main policies of the new administra- tion, so far as they can be anticipated. I have had the honor to be one of the advisers of my distinguished predeces- sor, and as such, to hold up his hands in the reforms he has initiated. I should be untrue to“myself, to my promises and to the declarations of the party platform upon which I was elected to office, if I did not make the maintenance and enforcement of these reforms a most important feature of the administration. They were di- rected to the suppression of the law- lessness and abuses of the power of the great combinations of capital in- vested in railroads and in industrial enterprises carrying on _ interstate commerce, The steps which my pred- ecessor took and the legislation pass- ed on his recommendation have ac- complished much, have caused a great halt in the vicious policies which created popular alarm, and have brought about, in the business affect- oa a much higher regard for existing aw. To render the reforms lasting, how- ever, and to secure at the same time freedom from alarm on the part of those pursuing proper and progressive business methods, further legislative and executive action are needed. Re- lief of the railroads from certain re- strictions of the anti-trust law have been urged by my predecessor and will be urged by me. On the other hand, the administration is pledged to legislation looking to proper federal supervision and restriction to prevent excessive issue of bonds and stock by companies owning and operating interstate commerce railroads. Then, too, a reorganization of the department of justice, of the byreau of corporations in the department of commerce and labor, and of the inter- state commerce commissnin, looking to effective co-operation of these agen- cies, is needed to secure a more rapid and certain enforcement of the laws affecting intestate railroads and in- dustrial combinations. I hope to be able to submit to the first regular session of the incoming congress, in December next, definite suggestions in respect to the needed amendments to the anti-trust and the interstate commerce law and the changes required in the executive de- partments concerned in their enforce- ment, It is believed that with the changes to be recommended, American busi- | ness can be assured of that measure of stability and certainty in respect to these things that may be done and those that are prohibited, which is essential to the life and growth of all business. Such a plan must include the right of the people to avail them- selves of those methods of combining 4 capital and effort deemed necessary to reach the highest degree of economic efficiency, at the same time differenti- ating between combinations based up- on legitimate economic reasons and those formed with the intent of creat- ing monopolies and artificially con- controlling prices. The work of formulating into prac- tical shape such changes is creative work of the highest order, and re- quires all the deliberation possible in the interval. I believe that the amend- ments to be proposed are just as necessary in the protection of legit- imate business as in the clinching of the reforms which properly bear the name of my predecessor. A matter of most pressing import- ance is the revision of the tariff. In accordance with the promises of the platform upon which I was elected, I shall call congress to extra session, to meet on the 15th day of March, in order that- consideration may be at once given to a bill revising the Ding- ley act. This should secure an ade- quate revenue and adjust the duties in such a manner as to afford to labor and to all industries in this country, whether of the farm, mine or factory, protection by tariff equal to the dif- ference between the cost of produc- tion abroad and the cost of production here, and have a provision which shall put into force upon executive deter- mination of certain facts, a higher or maximum tariff against those coun- tries whose trade policy toward us equitably requires such discrimina- tion. It is thought that there has been such a change in conditions since the enactment of the Dingley act, drafted on a similarly protective principle, that the measure of the tariff above stated will permit the re- duction of rates in certain schedules and will require the advancement of few, if any. The proposal to revise the tariff made in such an authoritative way as to lead the business community to count upon it necessarily halts all those branches of business directly affected, and as these are most im- portant, it disturbs the whole business of the country. It is imperatively nec- essary, therefore, that a tariff bill be is more important in the long run than the perfecting of the reforms in respect to anti-trust legislation and interstate commerce regulation, but the need for action when the revision of the tariff has been determined upon is more immediate to avoid em- barrassment of business. To secure the needed speed in the passage of the tariff, bill it would seem wise to attempt no other legislation at the extra session. I venture this as a suggestion only, for the course to be taken by congress, upon the call of the executive, is wholly within its discretion. In the making of a tariff bill the prime motive is taxation, and the se- curing thereby of a revenue. Due largely to the business depression which followed the financial panic of 1907, the revenue from customs and other sources has decreased to such an extent that the expenditures for the current fiscal year will exceed re- ceipts by $100,000,000. It is imperative that such a deficit shall not continue, and the framers of the tariff bill must of course have in mind the total revenues likely to be produced by it, and so arrange the duties as to secure an adequate income. Should it be impossible to do so by import duties, new kinds of taxation must be adopt- ed, and among these I recommend a graduated inheritance tax as correct in principle and as certain and easy of collection. The obligation on the part of those responsible for the expenditures made to carry on the government to be as economical as possible, and to make the burden of taxation as light as possible, is plain and should be af- firmed in every declaration of gov- ernment policy. This is especially true when we are face to face with a heavy deficit. In the department of agriculture the use of scientific experiments on a large scale and the spread of informa- tion derived from them for the im- provement of general agriculture, must go on. The importance of supervising busi- ness of great railways and industrial combinations, and the necessary in- vestigation and prosecution of unlaw- ful business methods, are another necessary tax upon government which did not exist half a century ago. The putting into force of laws which shall secure the conservation of our resources, so far as they may be within the jurisdiction of the federal government, including the most im- portant work of saving and restoring our forests, and the great improve- ment of waterways, are all proper government functions which must in- volve large expenditure if properly performed. Then, too, there are expenditures of government absolutely necessary if our country is to maintain its proper place among the nations of the world, and is to exercise its proper influence in defense of its own trade interests, in the maintenance of traditional American policy against the coloniza- tion of European monarchies in this hemisphere, and in the promotion of peace and international morality. I refer to the cost of maintaining a proper army, a proper navy and suit- able fortifications upon the mainland of the United States and in its de- pendencies. One of the reforms to be carried out during the incoming administra- tion is a change of our monetary and banking laws, so as to secure greater elasticity in the forms of ¢urrency available for trade, and to prevent the limitations of law from operating to increase the embarrassments of a | financial panic. The monetary com- mission lately appointed is giving full consideration to existing conditions and to all proposed remedies, and will doubtless suggest one that will meet the requirements of business and of public interest. The incoming congress’ should promptly fulfill the promise of the Republican platform and pass a prop- er postal savings bank Dill. It will not be unwise or excessive paternal- ism. I sincerely hope that the incoming congress will be alive, as it should be, to the importance of our foreign trade and of encouraging it in its every way feasible. The importance which the depart- ment of agriculture and of commerce and labor may play in ridding the markets of Europe of prohibitions and discriminations against the importa- tion of our products is fully under- stood, and it is-hoped that the use of the maximum and minimum feature of our tariff law to be soon passed will be effective to remove many of those restrictions. The Panama canal will have a most important bearing upon the trade be- tween the eastern and the far western sections of our country, and will great- ly increase the facilities for trans- portation between the eastern and the western seaboard, and may pos- sibly revolutionize the transcontinent- al rates with respect to bulky mer- chandise. It wil] also have a most beneficial effect to increase the trade between the eastern seaboard of the United States and the western coast of South America, and, indeed, with some of the important ports on the east coast of South America reached by rail from the west coast. The work on the canal is making most satisfac- tory progress. The type of the canal as a lock canal was fixed by congress after a full consideration of the con- flicting reports of -the majority and minority of the consulting board, and after the recommendation of the war department and the executive upon those reports. Recent suggestion that something had occurred on the isth- mus to make the lock type of the canal less feasible than it was sup- posed to be when the reports were made and the policy determined on, led to a visit to the isthmus of a board of competent engineers to ex- amine the Gatun dam and locks which are the key of the lock type. The re- port of that board shows that nothing has occurred in the nature of newly revealed evidence which should change the views once formed in the original discussion. The construction will, go on undera most effective organization, controlled by Col. Goethals and his fellow army sected. We are all in favor of having must not now, therefore, keep up a fire in the rear of the agents whom we have authorized to do our work on the isthmus. We must hold up their administration, I wish to say that I propose to devote all the energy pos- sible and under my control, to the pushing of this work on the plans which have been adopted, and to- stand behind the men who are doing faithful hard work. to bring about the early completion of this, the great- est constructive enterprise of modern times. I look forward with hope to increas- ing the already good feeling between the South and the other sections of © the country. My chief purpose is not to effect a change in the electoral vote of the Southern states. That is a secondary consideration. What I 106k forward to is an increase in the tolerance of political views of all kinds and their advocacy throughout the South, and the existence of a ze- spectable political opposition in every state; even more than this, to an in- creased feeling on the part of all the people in the South that this. gov- ernment is their government, and that its officers in their states are their officers, The consideration of this question can not, however, be complete aad full without reference to the negro race, its progress and its present con- dition. The negroes are now Americans. Their ancestors came here years age against their will, and this is their only country and their only flag. They have shown themselves anx.ous 10 live for it and to die for it. En- countering the race feeling against them, subjected at times to cruel in- justice growing out of it, they may) well have our profound sympathy and aid in the struggle they are making. We are charged with the sac-éd duty of making their path as smooch and easy as we can. Any recognition of| their distinguished men, and appoint- ment to office from among the‘r num- ber, is properly taken as an en- couragement and an appreciation of, their progress, and this just policy shall be pursued. Meanwhile, if nothing is done to prevent, a better feeling betweea the negroes and the whites in the South will continue to grow, and moze and more of the white people will come to realize that the future of the South is to be much benefited by the in- dustrial and intellectual progress cf the negro. The exercise of political franchises by those of his rase who are intelligent and well-to-do will be acquiesced in, and the right to vote will be withheld only from the ig- norant and irresponsible of both races. There is one other matter to which I shall refer. It was made the supzect of great controversy during the c'ec- tion, and calls for at least a passing reference now. y distinguished predecessor has given much attention to the cause of labor, with whose struggle for better things he has shown the sincerest sympathy. At bis instance, congress has passed ths biil fixing the liability of interstate car- riers to their employes for injury sus- tained in the course of employment, abolishing the rule of fellow sesvant and the common law rule as to con- .tributory negligence, and substituting therefor the so-called rule of compar- ative negligence. It has also pas: law fixing the compensation of gov- ernment employes for injuries sus- tained in the employ of the govera- ment. It also passed a model child labor law for the District of Columbia. In previous administrations an arbi- tration law for interstate commerce railroads and their employes, and laws for the application of safety de- vices to save the lives and limbs of employes of interstate railroads had been passed. Additional legislation of this kind was passed by the outgoing congress. I wish to say that in so far as I can, I hope to promote the enactment of further legislation of this kind. Another labor question has arisen which has awakened the most excited discussion. That is in respect to the power of the federal courts to issue injunctions in industrial disputes. As to that, my convictions are fixed. Take away from courts, if it could be taken away, the power to issue injunctions in labor disputes, and it would create a privileged class among the laborers and save the lawless among. their number from a most needful remedy available to all men for the protection of their business against lawless in- vasion. The proposition that business is not a property or pecuniary right which can be protected by equitable injunction is utterly without founda- tion in precedent or _ reason. The proposition is usually linked with one to make the secondary boycott lawful. Such a ‘propostion is at variance with the American instinct and will find no support in my judgment when sub- mitted to the American people. The secondary boycott is an instrument of tyranny, and ought not to be made legitimate. The issuing of a temporary restrain- ing order without notice has in sev- eral instances been abused by its in- considerate exercise, and to remedy this, the platform upon which I was elected recommends the formulation in a statute of the conditions under which such a temporary restraining order ought to issue. A statute can and ought to be framed to embody the best modern practice, and bring the subject so closely to the attention of the court as to make abuses of the process unlikely in the future. Ameri- can people, if I understand them, in- sist that the authority of the courts shall be sustained and are opposed to any change in the procedure by which the powers of a court may be weaken- ed and the fearless and effective ad- ministration of justice interfered with, Having thus reviewed the questions likely to recur during my administra- tion, and having expressed in a sum- mary way the position which I ex- pect to take in reccomendations to congress and in my conduct as an executive, I invoke the considerate sympathy and support of my fellow~ citizens, and the aid of Almighty God in the discharge of my responsible duties. it built as‘ promptly as possible. We- hands, and speaking for the incoming ~