Grand Rapids Herald-Review Newspaper, July 17, 1897, Page 7

— os —— SCIENTIFIC POINTERS, CURRENT NOTES OF DISCOV- ERY AND INVENTION. 4 JS Idea in Double-Bottom Pans for Baking Cakes, Etc.—Will Not Burn, Seoreh or Stick—Wood That Will Not Burn, Bs Wood That Will Not Burn. HE Prince of Wales was present at a test which has recently been furn- ished to the office of works, in Lon- don, of a non-in- flammable wood. A number of disting- uished people were also present. Two cottages, thirty feet in height, had been built, similar in all respects save one, the wood of the edifice nearest to the royal pavilion having been trea‘ed with a fluid said to render it proo. against the fiercest flames. Piled up against these two lit- tle houses, on all sides, were heaps of billets of wood and _ shavings, while the odor of petroleum showed clearly enough that the com- Pany furnishing the test had no fear of submitting their product to a severe trial. After the prince had inspected the two buildings the torch was 2p- Plied. A strong wind swept across the wide open vpace, and\the flames danced *@end crackled in a way that would have made any one but an enthusiast step back. In twenty’ minutes the house that had not been treated was enveloped in flames mounting high in the air, and formed a fine subject for the cameras leveled upon it from all points. The other structure was charred, and the window panes in it melted like so much pewter, but that Was all. A mass of inflammable ma- terials in the inside had not even caught light. Ten minutes more and the unprotected cottage fell in. Then the prince essayed to enter the build- ing which had withstood so severe a test. The door was opened and he walked up the steps. At this moment a gust of wind drove a cloud of smoke and a sheet of the flame still lapping the outside of the structure in his face. The prince beat a hasty retreat, amid laughter, but a moment later tried again, ~vith better success. Then the heap of combustibles inside the cot- tage was set alight. In the middle of this pile was a box made with non- flammable woo! containing souvenirs. Smoke and flames poured up the ehimney, but when the mass had burn- ed itself out the box was recovered, charred, but unharmed, from the ashes, and the contents were distrib- uted. The treatment of timber to make it fire proof consists of removing the air and natural juices from the pores and cells and impregnating these with a ‘ean on of fire-resisting salts and other chemicals. The operation is carried out under great pressure steam being first used to open the cells. By means of this new process wood of all kinds can be rendered ab- solutely non-flammable. The process is not limited to timber of any partic- ular size—boards, planks, joists, wood of al! dimensions and of any shape it can be prepared with equal success. Although it scarcely two years since the wood thus specially prepared has been offered to the public in the United States, it has already been adopted by the vy department of that country for excl e in all its ships of every de: on, and it is also being largely used for put buildings. A Curious Boat. A curious boat, which goes equally well on land, water, ice and snow, has been designed by Mr. Rasmus Ander- son. The machine was originally in- vented for Arctic exploration, as a substitute for boats and sledges, but can also be built as a life boat and a yacht and ocean steamer. This boat, it is said, cannot sink or,capsize un- der any condition, and it can be pro- pelled by the hands or feet. As a life- boat it would be very practical, as it eculd be launched from dry land, and also run up on any beach without in- jury. As a lifeboat on board ship it @&n be run off the deck with the small- est possible trouble. The paddles can, of course, be taken off and easily re- fixed. The Modern Blotter. lalf a century ago the business man who had not patience to wait for the ink to dry, blotted his letters with fine sand, the sand box being part of the equipment of every desk and counting room) {The sand box had a perforated sifte and the sand was scattered on the writing, absorbing the surplus ink. Then the sand was gathered up and poured back into the dish again, filling in through the perforations. Now plotting paper has superseded this old- time affair and has become an enor- ous article of manufacture and sale. ne best blotting paper is made of eotton rags, lower grades are made of wood pulp mixed with some sort of absorbent clay. Clear white blotting paper is by far the best, as dyes in- jure the absorbent qualities. The trade in white blotting paper is near- fy fifteen times as much 4s that in all high colors put together: _ A great | deal of blotting paper is used for ad- vertising purposes, which is a most convenient way of getting one’s name before the public. One use for blot- ting paper aside from absorbing ink is in making huge rulls for calendering cloth. The paper is rolled and pressed until it is quite firm, then heated by means of pipes passing through it. Exploration in the Antarctic. It is stated authoritatively in Lon- con that the council of the Royal Geo- graphical society has determined to take upon itself the responsibility of oiganizing a private expedition to the Antarctic, and for this purpose an ap- peal will very shortly be made for funds to equip an expedition on a suf- ficiently large scale. The British ad- miralty has promised to assist such an expedition by the loan of instruments and by advice, and it is extremely probable that, although unable to un- dertake the whole responsibility of the expedition, the government will make a grant towards the cost of what would undoubtedly be a national en terprise. Latest Double-Bottom Cake Pan. The latest cake or pie pan is made with a double bottom. The pan itself is all in one piece of pressed tin, while the extra bottom is removable. The use of the double bottom forms a va- cuum ‘which keeps the bottom and sides of the cake or pie free so there is no use of using grease or paper, nor is a knife necessary to remove it from the pan after baking. It is therefore a nonsticker. It will not burn or scorch or break the cake to remove it from the pan. There is a simple ar- rangement for removal which is not found in ary other pan ever made, and that is by an upright wire handle fas- tened into the center of the upper disk By gently lifting by this handle the cake easily detaches from the side of the pan and is lifted out whole. It can then be cut right on the disk as desired without disturbing the cake. The same arrangement can be had in a pie pan, which makes it an improvement over any other pan on the market Even the removable bottom pans, while convenient in removing cake or pie, are not safe from scorching and burning, while custards often leak through, especially after they have been used for a time and become somewhat warped from being placed in too hot an oven. There is no possible chance of burning in these now double-bottom pans, and the removal of the food without trouble by the wire handle is far ahead of old styles of tube pans. Manufactured Fael. The question of cheap fuel is a most important and vital one to all per- | sons of moderate means, as well as to large consumers. To be able to use what has heretofore been waste ma- terial is the object of a great deal of scientific study and research. Already a number of sorts of fuel have been prepared, and in countries where coal is high and scarce this prepared ma- terial is quite extensively used and gives very good satisfaction. The pro- cesses have become so scientific that it is guaranteed to contain a certain percentage of heat-producing elements and waste. The coal is washed and cleaned from all slate and other im- purities and the available combust- ible material is increased as much as possible. The importance of the con- centration of valuable qualities is of great moment where the fuel must be transported and handled. The ex- tent which the fuel is manu- factured and used may be seen from the following statisties for the year 1893: France, 1,750,000 tons; Belgium 1,200,000 tons; England, 850,000 tons; Austria, 250,000 tons; Germany, 1,230,- 000 tons; Italy, 560,000 tons; Spain, 100,- 000; Russia and Sweden, 100,000 tons; United States, 100,000 tons; Chinac, In- dia and Canada, 150,000. Birth and Development of the Nautilus. The nautilus is one of the most in- eresting of marine creatures, While it has been the subject of more or less study for many years, it is only with- in the past few weeks that any- thing has been known of the infant nautilus, its birth or bringing up. Recently the British Royal society be- came interested in the investigations of Prof. Wiley, who has been at work on this subject for many years. After dredging in vain in almost all waters for the young nautilus, he constructed a cage in three fathoms of water, in whic hhe placed a number of the ma- ture nautili. Daily supervision result- ed in the discovery of eggs, each one as large as an ordinary grape. Each egg is deposited separately by the mother nautilus, Everything is in training to watch the development of the shells and the habits and daily life of these wonderful creatures. To protect electric machines from heat and dust they are placed in a cas- ing formed of wood or other hard sub- stance, with an opening in each end on a line with the shaft, a fan being at- tached to the shaft to force air into one opening through a pipe and out through the other opening. ‘DAIRY AND POULTRY. (INTERESTING CHAPTERS FOR OUR RURAL READERS. Gow Successfal Farmers Operate This Department of the Farm—A Few Hints as to the Care of Live Stock and Poultry. EPC aS N visiting stores in the commission dis- tricts in various cities, we have learned some facts that may be of in- terest to our cream- ery buttermakers and managers of creameries who ,have charge of the shippings, says El- gin Dairy Report. There is no question but the appearance of packages help to sell them. Possibly it may not help to get better prices, but it helps to find a customer. The lot of tubs that are bright, clean and look as if they had come from a clean, tidy buttermaker, will attract the atten- tion of the transient buyer who is not even aware of the stencil number or the quality of the goods, much quicker than the slovenly, dirty, wet looking package. So it pays to see to it that the packages when they leave the factory are in first-class condition, as far as cooperage is concerned. Tnere are some little details in connection with the putting up of the pack- ages and marking of them that might be worth considering. The method of placing the stencil on the tub sometimes has much to do with the apeparance of the package. I have seen packages where the stencil had apparently grown from the small com- pact one to one covering the whole top of the tub, being put on with water or bad material, and in moving about the abrasion of one tub against the other had almost entirely obliter- ated the stencil and it was spread all over the whole of the cover. A little turpentine and lamp black, which are not expensive, will make a clean cut stencil that will stay where you put it; and the receiver will know when he receives the package just what he is getting. Tins should be securely fas- tened both on the cover and the tub, and enough of them so that the cover will be held in place properly. In soaking the tubs the buttermaker will be careful to get no water on the outside if possible; it does not improve the appearance of the package to have it show up watersoaked on the outside. Another thing about which a cream- eryman cannot be too careful is to see that his packages are made of good timber. We have seen tubs in the butter cellars probably composed of one-half good timber and the other half poor, and the staves of the soft wood soaked with the brine, which gave the tubs an untidy and slovenly appearance. Attention to some of these little details will be found a pro- fitable investment to the creameryman in the quicker and better returns he will get for his goods. Bad Drainage and Bad Butter. New York Produce Review says: “Not so very long ago,” said a western representative of one of our leading commission houses, “I visited a cream- ery that had been having a great deal of trouble with their butter; they ap- peared to be unable to remedy the evil, which was in the flavor of their goods, and they were very much discouraged. While I was there I endeavored to as- certain just how they made their but- ter, and also tried to find out if there were any foul odors about the cream- ery. After getting into the buggy I asked the driver if he had watered his horse; he said he had tried to but the horse would not drink the water; he himself had tried to drink some, but it was so foul he was unable to do so. We had gone only a few rods wher we met the creameryman, and while he was standing talking to us he noticed some skimmilk coming up out of the ground not far from where he was standing. He called our attention to it, and said his drain must be stopped up. I became interested immediately, and suggested to him that possibly im- proper drainage was the cause of his poor butter. Upon further investiga- tion we found that the water, skim- milk, etc., in the choked up drain had worked its way back into the well and polluted the water, and the water in turn had polluted the butter. He im- mediately set to to clean the drain and well, and since then has had no trouble with the flavor of his butter.” Poultry Farming. To set about successful poultry farm- {ng you cannot do better than observe the following: 1. Begin with a small number; be personally acquainted with all wants, and with laying powers of each hen. It is best not to breed from pullets, but to select the best layers as pullets and breed from them the following year. Only after several years’ careful selec- tion for laying qualities should any at- tempt to begin on a larger scale be made. 2. Go to no unavoidable expense in buildings and such; they may look well but are of no real value, 3. Choose a situation where soil is fairly dry end rich in natural products, such as worms, etc., suitable for poul- try. 4. Choose a situation where a good market for table fowls or fowls for fattening is available. 5. Combine the sale of pure-bred stock and eggs for hatching with other business. 6. Allow as much space as you can, and if possible combine fruit-growing with poultry farming. If a market for milk and butter be available some cows and a pig may also with advantage be kept. 7. Do not start at all unless you have a suffictent income from some other source to keep yourself going for four or five years, and leave a margin also for loss in management, and you are prepared for very hard work.—Lon- don Poultry. Dehorning Calves. Dairyman of the use of caustic potash and other remedies to destroy the horn growth in young calves, says: “I have seen its effects and also the effects of some of the fluid horn preventatives which are sold for the purpose. The destroying agent in every case is caus- tic, burning and painful. And I have known terrible suffering io result from the use of it. One of my neigh- bors bought a young calf at somedis- tance from home, and before putting it into the crate in his wagon, the man he bought it of offered to doctor the horn buttons. This was accepted and the stuff applied then and there. I have the word of an eye witness that the sufferings of that little thing were terrible. It would dash itself against the side of the crate and its head would be drawn upon its neck by con- vulsions, and it would have been a mercy had death released it from the torture. The next day it seemed to be better and I believe came out of it all right, but my neighbor says he would never allow such a thing again.” AR Nd The Farmer’s Review believes that the above result was caused by wrong application of the potash. Great care must be exercised that the potash is put on the button and that none of it be allowed to run down onto the fiesh. If there be too much moisture the pot- ash will be carried gradually down on- to the flesh. Standard Varieties of Chickens. The shank feathering should corre- spond with the breast, being black if the latter be black, and slightly mot- tled with white if not. The shanks are deep yellow, inclining to orange. The color of females is a white ground, closely penciled with dark steel gray. producing a beautiful effect, frosted or silver gray in appearance. There should be no show of pure white in the plumage except in the margins of the hackles. Unless extreme care be taken in mating, the hens are likely to have a dingy color, and the pullets are apt to have necks almost white for some distance down. These light-necked birds generally breed to worse, but the evil may be remedied by choosing birds for breeding whose heads are distinctly marked. The shape and character of the markings of the Dark Brahma pul- lets also varies. They should be me- dium-sized, sc that the pencilings cap be clearly discerned at a short distance. A great point in regard to color and marking in Brahma pullets is that it should be uniform over the body, ‘and the hackles should be silvery white, heavily striped with rich black, and BUFF COCHIN COCK, SHOWING FULL FEATHERING. the shank feathering penciled same as body. For practical purposes the Dark Brahma is not to be commended as highly as the light. The close breeding for points in feathers is likely to in- terfere with their productiveness, yet with proper attention and care they can be bred profitably as well as for beau- ty. The standard weight of Light Brahma cocks is 12 pcunds; hens, 9% pounds; cockerels, 10 pounds; and pul- lets, 8 pounds. The standard weight of Dark Brahma cocks is 11 pounds; hens, 8% pounds; cockerels, 9 pounds; and pee 7 pounds. A Steam Shearing Machine. Machines for doing ali kinds of work successfully are being manufactured, but it has been said that none could be made that would shear a sheep or milk acow. The following item from a Col- orado exchange settles the first ques- tion: “The sheep-shearing machine is no doubt a success at last, and Colo- rado is behind the times in not having them at work. At Casper, Wyoming, 100,000 sheep of the 350,000 to be shorn will be clipped by machines. At Raw- lins, 350,000, Green River, 100,000, at Evanston, 250,000, and at Soda Springs, Iowa, half of 250,000 will go through the machine—the others by hand.” That the one of milking cows by ma- chinery is very nearly an accomplished fact there is no doubt, and soon the large farmer will be able to manage his flock and herd with fewer hired men. Washing the Cans.—If your washed milk cans smell when closed a few hours they are not clean enough for milk. New cans, pails and strainers should be carefully examined for ir- regular creases in the soldering; a little more solder will fill these places and make the can perfectly sweet in- side, In cleansing cans where no boil- er exists for steaming them, wash first in cold water, then in hot water and sal soda. Finally, half fill them with clean, scalding water, put on the coy- ers tightly for a few moments, they will steam themselves completely. By using the hot water that steams our can for the sal soda water for the next one, a limited amount of hot water; will thoroughly purify a goodly num- ber of cans.—Exy - Northwestern inventors: ccmbiration match box, cigar cutter, ete.; Jacob Danz, Second, St. Paul, dinner pails; Charles Lindberg, Du- Iuth, Minn., electric motor; Olof Suth- W. C. Rockwood, writing in Hoard’s } erland, N. Patents Issued. é List of patents issued last week to . Frederick Aloith, Casselton, N. D., Minn., Reversible compartment lid for No remedy has a better right to that title than Kickapoo Indian Oil, It is good for internal and external use, and it is pains’ most powerful panacea. No one can say “I won't have neuralgia, rheumatism, earache or any other acute pain.” Butevery onewho knowsthere’s a bottle of Kickapoo Indian Oil in the house can say: “ Iwon’t have neuralgia orany other pain long.” ‘The power of this oil over pain is the greatest marvel cf modern medicine. It controls pain at once, It cures the cause promptly. There's no remedy reaches so many kinds of pain as Kickapoo : Indian Oil. (2 Rutland, N. D., dish tray; Charles E. Travis, Minneapolis, Minn., | bicycle, ete.; Alfred E. Watts, Duluth, Minn., attachment for riveting ma- chines; Minneapolis Brewing comp: ny, Mimneapolis, Minn., (trade-mark) beer malt tonic, ale and porter. { . D. Merwin, Patent Lawyer, 910 Pioneer Press Building, St. Paul,Minn. Lost in the Shue. , are your geological studies ing, Miss Climely? 1 indeed. I found a! lovely piece of rock quartz to-day up ou the hill back of the hotel. But, un- fertunately, I laid it upon my _ soap ; dish when I went in to dress, and now I can’t tell which is the soap.”—Life. ; “How progre: Jones Was Silenced. HALL’S Vegetable Sicilian HAIR RENEWER “Why is a husbane like dough?” ' He expected she would give it up, and was going to tell her it was “be- cause a woman needs him,” but she said it v because he was “hard to Beautifies and restores Gray get off her hands.” ! ‘ sinaa Jones was silent for the rest of the | Hair to its original color and evering.—Tid-Bits. | vitality; prevents baldness; \ cures itching and dandruff. A fine hair dressing. R. P. Hall & Co.} Props., Nashua, N. H. Sold by’ all Druggists. ” No-To-Eae for Fifty Cents. Guaranteed tubacco habit cure, makes weak men strong, blood pure. Svc, $1, All druggists. The largest The Muncy Luminar. i strawberry of the season comes from the | garden of Walter Buck of Montgomery. | It measures 9x7% inches in circumfer- | ence and weighs 6 ounces. | IT KILLS Potato Bugs, Cabbage Worms, and all forms of insect life. Harmleant Will not injure the most delicate plants. or beast, Cray Mineral Ash is fully warranted where directions are followed. Send for our little* Bug Book.” Itmay save you lotsof money. National Mining and Milling Co., Baltimore, Md. Carried in stock by all leading wholesale druggists. Hall's Catarrh Cure Price, 75c. Is a constitutional cure. The tea harvest begins in China about April 1. Later in the month there are two other harvests which yield inferior grades. AN OPEN LETTER © To MOTHERS. WE ARE ASSERTING IN THE COURTS OUR RIGHT TO THE EXCLUSIVE USE OF THE WORD “CASTORIA,” AND “PITCHER'S CASTORIA,” AS OUR TRADE ‘MARK. I, DR. SAMUEL PITCHER, of Hyannis, Massachusetts, was the originator of “PITCHIER’S CASTORIA,” the same that has borne and does now on every bear the fac-simile signature of Olin wrapper. This is the original “‘PITCHER’S CASTORIA,” which has been used in the homes of the mothers of America for over thirty years. LOOK CAREFULLY at the wrapper and see that it is the kind you have always bought SELLE on the and has the signature of “ad I, Lilediet wrap- per. No one has authority from me to wse my name except The Centaur Company of which Chas. H. Fletcher is President. Aanuk Rhhes—u.D. March 8, 1897; Do Not Be Deceived. Do: not endanger the life of your child by accepting a cheap substitute - which some druggist may offer you (because he makes a few more pennies on it), the ingredients of which even he does not know. “The Kind You Have Always Bought” BEARS THE FAC-SIMILE SIGNATURE OF Insist on Having The Kind That Never Failed You. THE GENTAUR COMPANY, 77 MURRAY STREET, NEW YORK CITY. $100 To Any Man. WILL PAY $100 FOR ANY CASE Of Weakness in Men They Treat and Fail to Cure. An Omaha Company places for the first time before the public a MaaicaL Treat- MENT for the cure of Lost Vitality, Nervous and Sexual Weakness, and Restoration of Life Force in old and young men. Ne worn-out French remedy; contains ne Phosphorous or other harmful drugs. Itis a WonvDERFUL TREATMENT—magical in its effects—positive in its cure. All readers. who are suffering from a weakness that blights their life, causing that mental and persica! suffering peculiar to Lost Man- ood, should write to the STATE MEDICAL COMPANY, Omaha, Neb., and they will send you absolutely FREE, a valuab'e paper on these diseases, and positive proofs of their truly MacicaL Treatment. Thors- ands of men, who have lost all hope oi a cure, are being restored by them to a per- fect condition. This Macica, TREATMENT may be taken at home under their directions, or they will pay railroad fare and hotel bills to all who pee to go there for treatment, if they ‘ail to cure. They are perfectly reliable; have no Free Prescriptions, Free Cure, Free Sample, or C. O. D. fake. They have $250,000 capital, and guarantee to cure every case they treat orrefund every dolar; or their charges may be deposited in @ bank to be paid to them when a cure is effected. Write them today. LOOD POISON $50 $75 CENT RIDE A >) C BICYCLE, Western Wheel Works Oe MAKERS wv 1D POISON perman: CHICAGO ~ @ LLINOIS red in 15085 days. You can betreated: CATALOGVE FREE for same price under same guaran- ity. Ifyou prefer tocome here we willcom to jIroad fareand hotel bills,ang ‘rail re cury, lor CURE YOURSELF! » Mucous - les, Copper Letina Syl Maret pony Jart of the body, ‘or Eyebro} discharges, inflammations, | 82% part Bostnds: irritations’ or ulcerations of mucous membranes, | We its contagion. Painless, and not astrin- | mate cases the worl \ eugene agent eee Paticdtheskill of the most omincut p os clans. 000 capital behind our of ent tn plan wranrer, | Sonal guaranty, Absolute praoks 5 tion. “on, ot 3 bottles, $2.75. sorte ircuiar sent on reqi CANCER Si Gants Bowe for book of tCtimoniais sad 10 N. WN. U. ASPECIALT\ caret 2 ; i