Grand Rapids Herald-Review Newspaper, November 7, 1896, Page 4

Fe es “THEY DODGE TAXES. Grand Repits Breratas'fleview Publlshed Every Saturday. _By E. Sc. KILEY TWO DOLLARS A YEAR IN ADVA Six Months .....$1,00 | Three Months cand Rapids, ntered- in ther-postemice at Minnesota. ax second-class matter THE “HONEST MONEY” MEN OF THE CITY OF CHICAGO. | Public Plundersrs to Shield Themselves Within the Folds of O1d Glory—Waving the Flag with One Hand and Plundering | with the Other Is Altogether Too Com- mon in This Country. Chicago, Sept. 28, 1896.—[Special.]— The Chicago gold bug papers announce that a movement is on foot to decorate the streets with American flags and bunting ih honor of the “honest money campaign.” Imitation is the sincerest flattery. | The flag adjunct to the gold standard cause had its start one afternoon in the New York Stock Exchange. The | zealous patriots and patrons of Amer- | ican labor and industry who compose | this exchange, had finished a hard | day's work. They had hammered down | several industrial stockson encouraging | McKinley neva, and were feeling good. | A leading gold broker was seized with | an inspiratior Pinning a McKinley badge to his breast, he preduced an American flag and marched around the hall. Other stock brokers and money lenders followed him. Tne press accounts de d “that scores of well- | known Democratic stock brokers tore | Bryan badges from their breasts and | joined in the parade.” This was thé inception of the flag movement in behalf of honest money. It must have been an inspiring sight. Future generations will shed tears when they read how Mr. Ickleheimer, of the well-known firm of Heidelbach, | Ickleheimer & Co. (mhaintainers of the national eredit), dashed his Bryan but- ton on the flcor and declared for Mc- Kinley, honesty, sound money and for his beloved country. Bluff, old Ben Johnson once said: | “Patriotism is the last refuge of a/ scoundrel.” A modern philosopher declared that “Waving the flag with one hand, and | plundering the pockets of the people | ‘with the other, is a form of patriotism | which is becoming altogether too com- | mon in this country.” The honest money men of Chicago should lose no time in spanning. the down-town streets with fiz Next to honest assess ts the Chicago mill- fonaire loves honest money. Let us throw a little light in on these | “honest money” citizens who are about | to slop over with patriotism. You will | get no information erning them ; by reading the Chicago papers. Here are a few facts about Chicago miil- | jonaires who are now 1g @ cor- ruption fund to insure the triumph of , honest money: | Without an exception they are tax dodgers. By systematic hribery, perjury and | fraud they evade the payment of their taxes and throw ‘the burden of main- | taining government on the small prop- | erty holders and thé working classes. i | | By reason of these crimes on the part | of Chicago honest money million- | aires, the city treasury is bank- | ;, and rupt, the unswept, streets are unpav: public school faci the laughing stock of | other ities and a disgrace to Chicago. | Overy tax dodger in Chicago ‘is. for McKinley, honest money and a perma- nent gold standard. They should raise the flags at once. | It will not be the first time the folds of | Ola Glory have shielded public plun- derers. In 1872, after the great fire had swept out of existence the larger part | of the city, the assessed valuation of | Chicago was $347,000,000.- The popula- | tion was less than 400,000. Today, twenty-four years later, with a population of not less than 1,600,990, | Chicago property ts assessed at $237,- | 000,000, Look back at those figures of | 1872. What do you think of it? Ac-| cording to the sworn statements of THE CRIME OF ’73! YHE GREAT CONSPIRACY LAID BARE BY GEO. C. GORMAN, The Dark Methods Used by Senator Sher- man and Others to Secure the Demon- etization of Silver--Statements ef Sena- tors and Members on the Sutyect.” Colonel George C. Gorman, for many years resided in California, and was a member of the national Republican | committee from that state from 1863 to 1880. He was secretary of the Uni- ted States senate from 1863 to 1879, and was in the national political coun- ! cils of the Grant and Conkling element. He edited:The Nationa! Republican at Washington for fur years. For more than twenty years he has favored the restoration of the free coinage of sil- ver, and left the Republican party in June last, when it adopted the gold standard, andisnowan earnest sup- porter of Bryan and Sewall. He has written the following letter: The Hon. Charles P. Johnson, St. Louis, Mo.—Dear Sir: In compliance with your request I present the fol- lowing narrative of the steps which led to the demonetization of silver in | the United States in 1873, and the methods adopted to accomplish that re- sult: The national.debt at the close.of the civil war was about $2,500,000,000, the principal being payable by law in eny legal tender money, and the interest in coin. Certain great banking houses of Europe—following the example set by their predecessors in Englend im- mediately ater the fall of Napoleon, and setting an example which was fol- lowed by their class in Germany after the Franco-Prussian war—inausurated a scheme to greatly enhance the value of this vast obligation by making it payable gold and then increasing the value of gold. The Methods Adopted. involved two legislative meas- Th ures: First. Such changes in the laws of the United States as would provide for the payment of the principal of the bonds in coin only, and would forbid the payment of any portion of it prior to the resumption of specie payment, in legal tender treasury notes, in which it was expressly made payable by the | law authorizing the issue of the bonds, and in exchange’ for which, when greatly depreciated, they had all been issued. 2 Second. The demonetization of silver in the United States so that coin would mean gold only, and the value of that metal at the séme time be greatly enhanced. ‘The Hon. John Sherman, a senator from Ohio, became the chief promoter of this foreign scheme. On the 18th of May, 1867, "being then on a visit to Paris and having just vis- ited London, he addressed a letter to the United States commissioner to the international conference on coinage, weights and measures, then in session in the former city. In that letter, which was. published, he strongly urged the adoption of the gold standard, and sald of his own country: “As coin is not now in general circulation we can eas- ly. fix by law the size, me: e of future issues.” The con- ference adopted the gcld standard, and our commissioner reported that this re- sult was largely due to the letter of Mr. Sherman: Senator Sherman next attempted to “easily fix by law” in this coutntry the new monetary system so essential to the success of the scheme above de- scribed. To that end, on the 8th of February, 1868, senate a bill (No. 217) to demonetize silver by discontinuing the coinage of | He reported this bill | the silver dollar. Senator E. D. Morgan, York, vigorously antagonized it in a | minority report, in which, after show- but ing the advantages to the United States of continuing the double standard, he said: “We have a distinctive American policy to work out—one sufficiently free from the traditions of Europe to be suited to our peculiar situation, and the genius of our enterprising coun- trymen.” From this stalwart blow by the great merchant senator from New York the bill never recovered. Mr. Sherman never again called it up. The movement for a gold standard was not renewed in any quarter until nearly two years afterwards, and more than a year after the expiration of Senator Morgan’s term of office. Strengthening the Bondholders. Meanwhile, in obedience to the con- certed newspaper clamor inspired by the operators in bonds, congress passed the act of March, 1869, “To strengthen he introduced in the | Chicago property owners, the city is/ the public credit,” by which, without worth $100,000,000 less today than it was| any consideration whatever, the prin- twenty-four years ago. It may be that} cipal of the bonds of the government, this is on account of the crime of 1873. | then payable in any lawful money, was If so, it is a bad showing for the gold standard. Property in the down town district ! which recently sold for $750,000 is! scheduled and assessed at $ Great railroad corporations owning real estate and property worth $25,000,000 are assessed at $290,000. One piece of property—a sixteen story bullding~ worth $121 ta S$ ON $65,500. There are some he money peo-/ ple for are going to drape their bul s arid proclaim to the o world their hon- ie They are They de- people of the United ts. They in- dollar shatt r American their ns of f the be just as good as any o it is inv pub! Who has to pay the taxcs which these millionaires evade? The farmers of ois. His farm is assessed at nearly its full value. What is left after the Chicago board of trade has ab- sorbed its share of plunder, is taken Dy the tax collector and poured into the public treasury, to be expended in plunde form of 1 pliogether t | made payable in coin only. The ad- vantage this gave to the bondholders will be apparent when we consider that the : portion of the bonds were by law redeemable in any lawful money atthe pleasureof the United States. The act of 1869, to strengthen the purses of the bondholders, surendered this priv- llege and bound the government to re- in coin, then at an enormous pre- | mhium. This was followed, July 14, 1870; by the refunding act, under which exist- ing bonds were authorized to be con- verted into bonds payable, principal and interest, ‘In the coin of the United States of the present standard value.” That is to say, the value of July 14, 1870. Silver dollars were at that time equally with gold a full legal tender. A second -unsuccessful attempt at the demonetization silver was inaugurated on 26th of April, 1870, by intro- of * the the duction in the senate by Senator Sher-- man of. ‘fa bill GNo. 839) revising the laws relating to the mint, assay offices and coinage of the United States.” It contained severity-one sections, the fif- teenth of which gave a list of all silver coins to be thereafter issued, and the eighteenti of which prohibited. the is- suance of any not named therein. The silver dcliar was omitted from the list. ‘The bill passed the senate Jan.10, 1871, but was never acted upon by the house. The Third and Successful Attempt, The third and finally successful move- ment for the demonetization of silver was the introductionin thehouseof rep- resentatives on the 9th of March, 1871, of “A bill (No. 1,127) revising and weight and’| | much less to call for debate. amending the laws relative to mints, assay office and coinage of the United | States.” It was introduced by Mr. Kel- ly, of Pennsylvania, ehairman of the committee on coinage, and reported by him favorably from that committee on the 9th of January, 1872. He informed the house that it had been prepared ih the treasury department for the purpose of codifying and simplifying the mint laws, the only important chenge being the creation of a mint bu- reau in the treasury department. It was recommitted Jan. 10 and again reported with amendments Feb. 9, 1872, this time by the Hon. Samuel Hooper of Massachusetts. He stated that the bill reduced the weight of the silver dollar from 412% grains to 384, but he did not state that it moposed, as it did, to demonetize silver by mak- ing the silver dollar a legal tender only in sums not to exceed $5. The bill then passed the house in the substitute form under a suspension of the rules. Ignorant of Its Contents. Mr. Kelly of Pennsylvania, who in- troduced the bill, declared on the floor of the house in 1878 that, though he was chairman of the committee on coinage, he was “ignorant of ime fact that it would demonetize the silver dollar.” (Congessiona! Record, vol. 7, part 2, page 1605.) Mr. Blaine, who was speaker of the house when the bill passed, declared on the floor of the genate in 1878 that he “did not know anything that was in the bill at all,” and that “little was known or cared on the subject.” (Same, page 1063.) Garfield declared that he knew nothing about it. (Congressional record, vol. 7, part 1, page 989.) Mr. Holman of In- diana, declared that the passage of the bill through the house was a “col- lossal swindle,” and: “never had the sanction of the house.” (Congréssional record, vol. 4, part 6, appendix 193.) Mr. Cannon, of Illinois, said: “Neither members of congress nor the people understood the scope of the legislation.” (Same, page 197.) In the senate the bill was taken up for consideration on the lith of Janu- ary, 1873, and debated and passed on that day. All the debate that was ever had upon it in that bedy took place on that date. The bill, as it passed the senate, con- tradicts in plain terms some positive assertions made by Mr. Sharman dur- ing the debate upon it as to the provis- ions it contained concerning the Stand- ard silver dollar. It demonetized sil- ver, which he declared to the senate it did not. Mr Hooper had misled the house by omissions, evasions and in- directions; Mr. Sherman deceived the senate by direct misrepresentations, This was “the crime of 1873.” The Proof of Deception. ‘The ineffaceable proof-of this serious accusation is contained in the report of the senate proceedings of Jan. 17, 1873, in the Congressional Globe, from which I will quote some passages: Congres- sional Globe, parts 1 and 2, third ses- sion, Forty-second congress, pages 668- 674. There was no reference in the debate to the fact that the bill would abolish the legal tender quality of silver. The house bill changed the weight of the silver dollar from 412% grains to 284 grains, and made it, like the smaller coins, a legal tender for $5 only. Mr. Sherman had reported an amendment te strike this out, and insert instead a “trade” dollar, to weigh 420 grains, with the same limitation as to the legal tender quality. The bill prohibited the issuance from the mints of any coins not named therein. This was to make sure that the 412% grain dollar would not survive by any implication. , The question may be asked how could Mr. Sherman thus deceive the senate. Tht reply is that the bill was being hurried through by him on his statement, at the outset, that its con- sideration “would not probably con- sume any more time than the time consumed in reading it.” That meant that its seventy-one sections con- tained nothing of suflicient importance to even require explanation by him, It was represented by him to be merely a bill to enact into law some changes in the mintage laws which the mint officers deemed necessary. He evidently sat- isfied senators that it was not worth their serious attention. Those who have any acquaintance with senate pro- ceedings understand very well that such mere routine legislation as this; was represented to be attracts no at- tention in the senate.chamber. The senator in charge is trusted to truth- fully state its ‘objects, and no one thinks of doubting his word. The Testimony of Senstors, That no suspicion was being enter- tained at the time that silver was be- ing demonetized by the bill is evi- denced from the declarations subs quentely made in the senate in 187 On Feb. 15 of that year Senator Thur- man said: “I cannot say what took place in the house, but know, when the bill was pending in the senate, we thought it was simply a bill to reform the mint, regulate coinage and fix up one thing aad another, and there is not a single man in the senate, I think, unless a member of the committee from which the bill came, who had the slightest idea that it was even a squint towards demonetization.” On the same day Senator Allison sald: “But when the secret history of this bill comes to be told it will disclese the fact that the house of representatives intended to coin both silver and gold, and intended to place both metals upon the French relation instead of our own, which was the true scientific position of this subject in 1873.” On the 30th of January, 1878, Senator | Beck said: “It (the bill demonetizing silver) nev- er was understood by either house of congress. I say this with full knowl- edge of the facts. No newspaper re- porter, and_they are the most vigilant men I ever saw in obtaining informa- tion, discovered that it had been done.” From the record, which I have.faith- fully reproduced, it is impossible to reach any other conclusion than tha‘ the confidence of the house was abuse by Mr. Hooper, that the confidence of the senate was abused by Mr. Sherman and that by their joint efforts the most important piece of legislation of the century was carried through congress by stealth and the double standard, which had existed by the will of the people for more than eighty years, wag was taken away from them without their consent or knowledge, in the in- terests of aliens, by the manipulations herein described. I am, very truly yours, GEORGE C. RHAM. Washington, D. C., Sept. 5, 1896. |G POISONERS. fork of the Analyst. ~ ‘Though the dream of the ancient al chemist of transmuting base metals into nobler ones has never been real- ized, the chemist of this era can ac- complish marvels that almost surpass belief. The skilled toxicologist, reveals the presence of polsons, often when enly faint traces exist, by removing them from their surroundings, with solvents, requiring hours, days and sometimes weeks for the separation; exciting them to form combinations with other elements, he causes them to appear in solid liquid or gaseous con- ditions. Many of them he arrays in varied colors, or in crystalline shapes, seen distinctly by the achromatic or apochromatic lenses of the microscope. Others he volatilizes in flame, and he views their incandescent vapors through the prisms of the spectroscope. Brilliantly tinted and sharply defined lines in foealities accurately noted, re- veal the existence of metals so trifling in quantity that they elude measure- ment by the balance, with all its mod- ern refinements, and so small that the human brain can seatce imprison the thought of their minuteness. Te take. one example: Suppose the finger is wetted with a drop of saliva and touched to a salt of lithium, and the adherent white powder is placed on -the tongue and then swallowed. After the lapse of a few minutes, on drawing a clean platinum wire over the forehead or any part of the skin, then placing it with its traces of moist- ure in a Brunsen fiame in front of the narrow slit of the spectroscope, an ob- server, looking through the little tele scope of the instrumient, will see for a fraction of a second the bright-col- ored red and yellow lines character- istic of lithium. The soluble salt has passed through the entire circulatory system of the body, and its presence is announced in the perspiration!—R. Ogden Doremus in the Forum. Chemical Vegetation and Electric Mlumina- tion. The truth about the effect of the elec tric illumination upon vegetation is gradually being disentangled from the reeords of a large number of experi- mentalists. It appears te have been conclusively demonstrated that electric iNumination exercises a favorable influ- ence on the germination of seeds, and promotes the lengthening of leaves and stems in herbaceous plants. Under glass the light greatly accelerates from your happy ccuntenance that you plants to assume a more intensely green tint. The structure is at first strongly differentiated, but prolonged exposure acts deleteriously in this direction. It would scem that it has been the cus- tom to use the light much too lavishly for gardering purposes; and, just as a toc free use of liquid manure and chemical stimulants will do more harm than good to the growth of plants, too much electric Mumination nas an effect upon vegetation similar to darkness; it tends to retard healthy development. Hence it is that if electricity.is to find any useful applicaticn in gardening, ray, in forcing. planis for the early markets, it must be used cauticusly. The plants must not be siraply “drench- ed” with Hght, any more than they should be drenched with water continu- elly; but used under intelligent guid. ance and in moderation, the effect of the highly stimulating rays of the elec- tric light will probably prove distinctly advantageous. . A Son Furnace. Sir Henry Bessemer, the well knowr inventor of the steel process whick bears his name, tells how be tried t+ ecustruct a “sun furnace” end failed His invention was intended to revolu tionize not only the science of metal lurgy, bat the whole world. It was to attain a temperature of pearly 60,000 deg. and therefore fuse anything and everything, and Sir Henry puts the blame of its failure to fulill these jens maker, 7 try iS sted of a wocd« and about 12 fee feet from the grcund was ‘nclinable mirror for catching’ the rays of the sun; from tbis mirror the rays were to be reflected cn a number of powertul superimposed lenses above, which by a simple arrangement. were to throw the enorm tays upon whatever is. in the crucible below. Such was the mighty plan, but the manufacturer of the upper glasses brought it miserably to naught, for instead of turning them out uniform he made them all diferent, and thus spoiled the focus. Sir Henry was sc disgusted and disheartened that he refused to go over the ground again, and so the pretentious scheme lapsed, but the pecullar furnace remains to this day a remarkable monument ef what might have been. How Minerw Live in Chit, The truth of the old adage, “What's one man’s meat is another raan’s pois- on,” is most conclusively ‘proven in the yaried testimony which from time to time crops up from all cuarters of the earth as to the adaptabflity of the hu- man race to the most contradictory ang inconsistent dietetic conditions. Flesh eating people th that vegetarians are fools, and the latter regard the former very often as very littie better thar criminals. The discussion on this suk ject is perennial, and still people live and thrive on both dicts. Another wal of evidence on the vegetarian side has found its way from Chill, where the 9,000 or 10,000 worknien in the coppe: mines live upon. wheaten bread, hari cots, dried figs and buckwhest cakes Meat eating is exceptional, and is look ed upon as a very inferior and unwise proceeding. The miners nre stroag, anaemia is unknown among them, and it is stated that they would be among the finest specimens of humanity were it not that they give themselves up tu alcoholie excesses three or four times 4 week, and consequently are subject te fevers and liver diseases. The expefi- ment of giving them meat in place cf & purely vegetable dict has been tried with the resuit that they did less work; many of them were cgusiderabiy debil- itated, and from choice went back to thoir grains, truit and black bread, Rest toshise tte d expectations on the siupidiiy of a coun- 1 BYORE BOOM ‘ ‘f ix! ri . * Tumbermen’s Supplies. Largely increased store roon: increases our, capacity to do business. 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